Datasets:

chujiezheng

/

wizard_of_wikipedia

like 2

[ "Pizza", "Yes i do! I like mine with pepperoni!", "I feel like pineapple gets a bad rap. I dont like it on regular pizza but i do on something wierd like bbq chicken pizza." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni (also known as pepperoni sausage) is an American variety of salami, made from cured pork and beef mixed together and seasoned with paprika or other chili pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni is characteristically soft, slightly smoky, and bright red in color.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Thinly sliced pepperoni is a popular pizza topping in American-style pizzerias and is used as filling in the West Virginia pepperoni roll.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The term \"pepperoni\" is a borrowing of \"peperoni\", the plural of \"peperone\", the Italian word for bell pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The first use of \"pepperoni\" to refer to a sausage dates to 1919.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Even if in Italian the word is plural (like the Italian word \"salami\", plural of \"salame\"), the English word pepperoni is used as a singular uncountable noun.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ The pepperoni roll is a snack popular in West Virginia and some nearby regions of the Appalachian Mountains such as Western Pennsylvania, Western Maryland, and Appalachian Ohio.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ It is ubiquitous in West Virginia, particularly in convenience stores, and is arguably the food most closely associated with the state.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ The classic pepperoni roll consists of a fairly soft white yeast bread roll with pepperoni baked in the middle.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ During baking, the fats in the pepperoni (which are hard at room temperature) melt, resulting in a spicy oil suffusing into the bread.", "Pepperoni roll __knowledge__ Pepperoni rolls are typically eaten as a snack or as the main dish of a lunch either unheated or slightly warmed.", "Country Club Bakery __knowledge__ Country Club Bakery, located in Fairmont, West Virginia, USA, is a small family owned bakery that is significant because it is the home of the pepperoni roll.", "Country Club Bakery __knowledge__ The bakery is located on Country Club Road, but the original bakery (where the pepperoni roll was invented) was located on Robinson Street.", "Country Club Bakery __knowledge__ The pepperoni roll is a snack popular in West Virginia and some nearby regions of the Appalachian Mountains.", "Country Club Bakery __knowledge__ Ubiquitous in West Virginia (particularly in convenience stores), but typically little known elsewhere, it is arguably the food most closely associated with the state (a competitor for this distinction is the ramp).", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ \"Heart Like Mine\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Miranda Lambert.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ It was released in January 2011 as the fifth and final single from her third album \"Revolution\".", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ The song was written by Lambert, Ashley Monroe and Travis Howard.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ It's about a rough and rugged female who ignores her friends and family's criticism because her heart is something that Jesus would understand.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ The song garnered positive reviews from critics who praised its catchability and Lambert's lyrics.", "Heart Like Mine __knowledge__ \"Heart Like Mine\" gave Lambert her second number one hit on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart.", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ \"Shortie like Mine\" is a song by rapper Bow Wow.", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ It is the first single from his fifth studio album, \"The Price of Fame\" (2006).", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ This song features American R&B singers Chris Brown & Johntá Austin.", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ Allmusic's David Jeffries praised the song by highlighting and favourable citation: \"Saving the album from being a disaster is perfectly acceptable single; \"Shortie Like Mine\" which swaggers with a great hook.\"", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ The music video premiered on BET's \"Access Granted\" on October 23, 2006 and was the New Joint on BET's \"106 & Park\" a day later on October 24, 2006.", "Shortie Like Mine __knowledge__ The video for \"Shortie Like Mine\" has a MySpace theme and was earlier made as a praise record to Ciara.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ All Things Must Pass is a triple album by English musician George Harrison.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ Recorded and released in 1970, the album was Harrison's first solo work since the break-up of the Beatles in April that year, and his third solo album overall.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ It includes the hit singles \"My Sweet Lord\" and \"What Is Life\", as well as songs such as \"Isn't It a Pity\" and the title track that had been turned down for inclusion on releases by the Beatles.", "All Things Must Pass __knowledge__ The album reflects the influence of Harrison's musical activities with artists such as Bob Dylan, the Band, Delaney & Bonnie and Billy Preston during 1968–70, and his growth as an artist beyond his supporting role to former bandmates John Lennon and Paul McCartney.", "Lt. Gov. You've Gotta Love __knowledge__ \"Lt. Gov.", "Lt. Gov. You've Gotta Love __knowledge__ You've Gotta Love\" (also called \"David Dewhurst: Lt. Gov.", "Lt. Gov. You've Gotta Love __knowledge__ You've Gotta Love\") was a political advertisement issued by incumbent David Dewhurst's campaign on YouTube during the 2014 primary runoff for Lieutenant Governor of Texas against Dan Patrick.", "Lt. Gov. You've Gotta Love __knowledge__ Dewhurst, the three-term Lieutenant Governor, faced primary challenge from Tea Party favorite Dan Patrick.", "Lt. Gov. You've Gotta Love __knowledge__ During the primary, Patrick triggered a runoff between Dewhurst and him by only capturing 41% of the vote.", "Lt. Gov. You've Gotta Love __knowledge__ The night before the runoff, Dewhurst's campaign released \"Lt. Gov.", "Lt. Gov. You've Gotta Love __knowledge__ You've Gotta Love\", a disco-themed advertisement.", "Lt. Gov. You've Gotta Love __knowledge__ The advertisement features a vocals extolling Dewhurst over top of a pulsating disco beat.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "JJ Giltinan International Trophy __knowledge__ The JJ Giltinan International Trophy is considered the world's premier 18-foot skiff open championship, the eponymous brainchild of noted Australian sports entrepreneur J J Giltinan.", "JJ Giltinan International Trophy __knowledge__ In the early 20th century 18-foot skiff racing had gained ground as a spectator sport.", "JJ Giltinan International Trophy __knowledge__ The radical innovations introduced by \"Aberdare\" in 1933 (a narrow beam, reduced sail area, reduced crew, and flat bottom) made it significantly faster than contemporary designs, leading \"Aberdare\" to win four consecutive Australian championships.", "JJ Giltinan International Trophy __knowledge__ The Sydney Flying Squadron, at that time the leading organizer of 18-foot skiff racing, promptly banned \"Aberdare\"s innovations, fearing the impact of these innovations on the established class.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ California Pizza Kitchen (CPK) is a polished casual dining restaurant chain that specializes in California-style pizza.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ The restaurant was started in 1985 by attorneys Rick Rosenfield and Larry Flax in Beverly Hills, California, United States.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ The California Pizza Kitchen chain is widely known for its innovative and nontraditional pizzas, such as the \"Original BBQ Chicken Pizza\", BLT, Thai Chicken, and Jamaican Jerk Chicken pizzas.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ They also serve various kinds of pasta, salads, soups, sandwiches and desserts.", "California Pizza Kitchen __knowledge__ They have an extensive children's menu for children ages 10 and under which includes a variety of different pizzas, pastas, salad and chicken.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP (acronym for Bay Area Dog-lovers Responsible About Pit Bulls) is an animal welfare and rescue group based in Oakland, California, devoted to caring for and improving the public image of pit bull terriers as pets.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ BAD RAP is a federal non-profit organization (under IRS Code 501(c)3) located in Oakland, California.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ It was incorporated in 1999 to address the needs of homeless dogs, specifically homeless American Pit Bull Terriers, and to provide support and resources to animal welfare organizations that deal with pit bulls.", "BAD RAP (organization) __knowledge__ The organization also focuses on providing owner support, in the form of training, spay/neuter assistance and other resources, to families who own pit bulls.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ Pizza Factory Inc. is a chain of pizza restaurants in the western United States, based in Oakhurst, California.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ The company began in 1979, when Danny Wheeler and his wife Carol opened Danny's Red Devil Pizza in Oakhurst.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ Ron Willey and his wife Joyce subsequently opened a second location in 1981, known as Pizza Factory.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ In 1986, Wheeler and Willey began franchising the company under the Pizza Factory name.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ By 2000, the company had expanded to China.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ In 2012, longtime franchisee and marketing team member Mary Jane Riva purchased the company and became its president and chief executive officer.", "Pizza Factory __knowledge__ As of 2016, Pizza Factory had 115 locations in six U.S. states.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Casey Veggies __knowledge__ Casey Jones (born July 18, 1993), better known by his stage name Casey Veggies, is an American rapper and songwriter from Los Angeles, California.", "Casey Veggies __knowledge__ Since 2007, he has released five independent mixtapes under LA clothing and management company Peas & Carats Intl.", "Casey Veggies __knowledge__ His debut studio album, \"Live & Grow\", was released on September 25, 2015.", "Casey Veggies __knowledge__ Aside from his solo career, Casey was a founding member of the Los Angeles hip hop collective Odd Future.", "Casey Veggies __knowledge__ At the age of 14, Casey released his first mixtape, titled \"Customized Greatly Vol.", "Casey Veggies __knowledge__ 1\"; while he was going through by his stage name at the time, as Custom.", "Casey Veggies __knowledge__ Casey was one of the founding members of the hip hop collective Odd Future, appearing on the collective's first effort The Odd Future Tape, before he decided to branch out on his own, after his first mixtape release.", "Veggies of Nottingham __knowledge__ Veggies of Nottingham, also known as Veggies Catering Campaign, is a company and a campaigning group based in Nottingham, England, promoting ethical alternatives to mainstream fast food.", "Veggies of Nottingham __knowledge__ It does this by hosting events such as the annual East Midlands Vegan Festival, publishing books and leaflets, and maintaining an extensive website, including a Contacts Directory of groups with similar aims.", "Veggies of Nottingham __knowledge__ As a non-profit worker co-operative it also provides affordable, wholesome, minimally-packaged vegan catering at a wide range of events and protests using fair trade, organic and/or locally sourced ingredients.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ The Big Pineapple is a heritage-listed tourist attraction at Nambour Connection Road, Woombye, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It was designed by Peddle Thorp and Harvey, Paul Luff, and Gary Smallcombe and Associates.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It is also known as Sunshine Plantation.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 March 2009.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ The 2-level Big Pineapple is 16 metres high and was originally opened on 15 August 1971.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It is situated on a 165 hectare site.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ Under new ownership the owners are facilitating new attractions such as the award-winning Big Pineapple Music Festival and the Big Pineapple was also selected to host Midnight Oil within their reunion concert series in 2017.", "Pineapple __knowledge__ The pineapple (\"Ananas comosus\") is a tropical plant with an edible multiple fruit consisting of coalesced berries, also called pineapples, and the most economically significant plant in the Bromeliaceae family.", "Pineapple __knowledge__ Pineapples may be cultivated from a crown cutting of the fruit, possibly flowering in 5–10 months and fruiting in the following six months.", "Pineapple __knowledge__ Pineapples do not ripen significantly after harvest.", "Pineapple __knowledge__ Pineapples can be consumed fresh, cooked, juiced, or preserved.", "Pineapple __knowledge__ They are found in a wide array of cuisines.", "Pineapple __knowledge__ In addition to consumption, the pineapple leaves are used to produce the textile fiber \"piña\" in the Philippines, commonly used as the material for the men's \"barong Tagalog\" and women's \"baro't saya\" formal wear in the country.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Fruits & Veggies – More Matters __knowledge__ Fruits & Veggies – More Matters is a national public health initiative from Produce for Better Health Foundation and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables.", "Fruits & Veggies – More Matters __knowledge__ This campaign, begun in 2007, took the place of the 5 A Day program.", "Fruits & Veggies – More Matters __knowledge__ The shift was implemented in order to better communicate updated dietary guidelines, which recommended more than 5 servings of fruits and vegetables for some Americans.", "Fruits & Veggies – More Matters __knowledge__ The United States Department of Agriculture’s \"2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans\", released in January 2005, recommends various numbers of servings of fruits and vegetables depending on an individual’s calorie needs – ranging from 4 to 13 servings, or 2 to 6.5 cups, per day, yet research indicates that over 90 percent of Americans do not meet their recommended amount.", "History of soccer in Brisbane, Queensland __knowledge__ The earliest known records of regular association football (soccer) games in Brisbane date from the early 1880s, when a group comprising mostly Scottish immigrants commenced playing at Queen's Park, adjacent to Alice and Edward Streets in the city (now part of the City Botanic Gardens) and vacant land in Melbourne Street South Brisbane, between Grey and Stanley Streets.", "History of soccer in Brisbane, Queensland __knowledge__ This group of players subsequently formed the Anglo-Queensland Football Association in early 1884, and commenced playing fixtures at the sportsfield behind the Pineapple Hotel, in Main Street Kangaroo Point, and at Queen's Park, in June 1884." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 66 ]

[ "Gotta love the best Italian dish every... Pizza.", "Yes! Some veggies on it, some meats, anything but pineapple!", "Well pineapples can be consumed fresh too! And that's the best way! With some tajin!" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Kayaking", "I have never been kayaking - it sounds like a lot of fun! Where do you kayak?", "That would be so relaxing. Any idea who first created them?", "Ah, ok. Aren't there Init people up in Alaska? I seem to remember reading something like that." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun.", "Kayak __knowledge__ A kayak is a small, narrow watercraft which is propelled by means of a double-bladed paddle.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The word kayak originates from the Greenlandic word \"qajaq\" ().", "Kayak __knowledge__ The traditional kayak has a covered deck and one or more cockpits, each seating one paddler.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The cockpit is sometimes covered by a spray deck that prevents the entry of water from waves or spray and makes it possible for suitably skilled kayakers to roll the kayak: that is, to capsize and right it without it filling with water or ejecting the paddler. ]", "Kayak __knowledge__ Some modern boats vary considerably from a traditional design but still claim the title \"kayak\", for instance in eliminating the cockpit by seating the paddler on top of the boat (\"sit-on-top\" kayaks); having inflated air chambers surrounding the boat; replacing the single hull by twin hulls, and replacing paddles with other human-powered propulsion methods, such as foot-powered rotational propellers and \"flippers\".", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Whitewater kayaking is the sport of paddling a kayak on a moving body of water, typically a whitewater river.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Whitewater kayaking can range from active, moving water, to demanding, extreme whitewater.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ Paddling on rivers, lakes and oceans is as old as the Stone Age.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ The raft, the catamaran, the canoe and the kayak evolved depending on the needs and environment of the indigenous peoples in different parts of the world.", "Whitewater kayaking __knowledge__ The modern day kayak most likely originated about 8,000 years ago along the Siberian coast line by the Yupik and then transformed from the open canoe, via the Aleut and Inuit, into an enclosed kayak.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ A sea kayak or touring kayak is a kayak developed for the sport of paddling on open waters of lakes, bays, and the ocean.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ Sea kayaks are seaworthy small boats with a covered deck and the ability to incorporate a spray deck.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ They trade off the maneuverability of whitewater kayaks for higher cruising speed, cargo capacity, ease of straight-line paddling, and comfort for long journeys.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ Sea kayaks are used around the world for marine (sea) journeys from a few hours to many weeks, as they can accommodate one to three paddlers together with room for camping gear, food, water, and other supplies.", "Sea kayak __knowledge__ A sea kayak usually ranges anywhere from for solo craft, and up to for tandem craft.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ Surf kayaking is the sport, technique, and equipment, used in surfing ocean waves with kayaks.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ Surf kayaking has many similarities to surf board surfing, but with boats designed for use in surf zones, and with a paddle.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ A number of kayak designs are used, but all are aimed at better using the waves to propel the craft.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ Surf kayaking is popular in many areas frequented by surf board surfers.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ The sport has grown in popularity over the last decades, in pace with the rise of sea kayaking, and modern materials and techniques.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ There are a number of speciality surf kayak designs available.", "Surf kayaking __knowledge__ They are often equipped with up to four fins with a three fin thruster set up being the most common.", "Ken Whiting __knowledge__ Ken Whiting (born December 12, 1974 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada), was the 1997/98 World Freestyle Kayaking Champion, the 1998 Japan Open Champion, and a five-time Canadian National Champion in freestyle or whitewater kayaking.", "Ken Whiting __knowledge__ Since 1998, Ken opened a kayak school, founded the Canadian Freestyle Kayaking Association, and coached the Junior Freestyle Kayaking Team.", "Ken Whiting __knowledge__ He produced both the US and Canadian Freestyle Team Trials events, and wrote and produced a best-selling and award-winning series of paddling instructional books and videos.", "Ken Whiting __knowledge__ In 2006 he was nominated for an Everest Outdoor Achievement Award.", "Playboating __knowledge__ Playboating is a discipline of whitewater kayaking or canoeing where the paddler performs various technical moves in one place (a playspot), as opposed to downriver whitewater canoeing or kayaking where the objective is to travel the length of a section of river (although whitewater paddlers will often stop and play en route).", "Playboating __knowledge__ Specialised canoes or kayaks (boats) known as playboats are often used, but any boat can be used for playing.", "Playboating __knowledge__ The moves and tricks are often similar to those performed by snowboarders, surfers or skaters, where the athlete completes spins, flips, turns, etc.", "Playboating __knowledge__ With modern playboats it is possible to get the kayak and the paddler completely airborne while performing tricks.", "Paddling __knowledge__ Paddling with regard to watercraft is the act of manually propelling a boat using a paddle.", "Paddling __knowledge__ The paddle, which consists of one or two blades joined to a shaft, is also used to steer the vessel.", "Paddling __knowledge__ The paddle is not connected to the boat (unlike in rowing where the oar is connected to the boat).", "Paddling __knowledge__ Canoeing is the activity of paddling a canoe for leisure, navigation or exploration.", "Paddling __knowledge__ In America the term refers exclusively to using one or more single blades or paddles to propel a canoe.", "Paddling __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom and some other countries in Europe however, canoeing is also used to refer to kayaking and Canadian canoeing is used then to distinguish canoeing from kayaking.", "Paddle __knowledge__ A paddle is a tool used for pushing against liquids, either as a form of propulsion in a boat or as an implement for mixing.", "Paddle __knowledge__ Paddles commonly used in canoes consist of a wooden, fibreglass, carbon fibre or metal rod (the \"shaft\") with a handle on one end and a rigid sheet (the \"blade\") on the other end.", "Paddle __knowledge__ Paddles for use in kayaks are longer, with a blade on each end; they are handled from the middle of the shaft.", "Paddle __knowledge__ Kayak paddles having blades in the same plane (when viewed down the shaft) are called \"un-feathered.\"", "Paddle __knowledge__ Paddles with blades in different planes are called \"feathered\".", "Paddle __knowledge__ Feathered paddles are measured by the degree of feather, such as 30, 45, or even 90 degrees.", "British Canoeing __knowledge__ British Canoeing, formerly known as the British Canoe Union (BCU) is a national governing body for canoeing in the United Kingdom.", "British Canoeing __knowledge__ Established in 1936 as the British Canoe Union, in 2000 it federalised to become the umbrella organisation for the home nation associations in Scotland (Scottish Canoe Association), Wales (Canoe Wales) and Northern Ireland (Canoe Association of Northern Ireland).", "British Canoeing __knowledge__ In 2015 it took on the name British Canoeing and amalgamated the former BCU, Canoe England and GB Canoeing.", "British Canoeing __knowledge__ 1887 saw the formation of the British Canoe Association, which lasted about thirty years.", "British Canoeing __knowledge__ Revived in 1933, it merged with the Canoe Section of the Camping Club of Great Britain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun.", "List of Saint Seiya Episode.G characters __knowledge__ The \"Saint Seiya Episode.G\" manga features a large number of fictional characters, both created by its author, Megumu Okada, and by Masami Kurumada, author of the original \"Saint Seiya\" universe in which the story takes place.", "List of Saint Seiya Episode.G characters __knowledge__ \"Episode.G\" acts as a prequel to Kurumada's work and it is set seven years before the events of the first manga, in a fictional universe where the Greek gods cyclically reincarnate into the world to wage war on each other for dominance.", "List of Saint Seiya Episode.G characters __knowledge__ Okada takes characters who had played only a supporting role in the original series and puts them in the position of protagonists.", "List of Saint Seiya Episode.G characters __knowledge__ The old main characters appear only briefly, in flashforwards of the future.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Relaxing (horse) __knowledge__ Relaxing was a bay thoroughbred born in 1976 at the Ogden Phipps stud farm in Kentucky.", "Relaxing (horse) __knowledge__ She was a stakes winner and an outstanding broodmare.", "Relaxing (horse) __knowledge__ As a youngster, Relaxing was sent to England to race.", "Relaxing (horse) __knowledge__ At the age of three years, she had four wins and one second out of nine races on turf before she returned to America to race on the U.S.'s dirt tracks.", "Relaxing (horse) __knowledge__ In 1980, at age four, she started twelve times, winning five races, and set a new track record for going 1 5/8 miles in 2:42.2 during her victory against colts in the Gallant Fox Handicap (Gr-2).", "Relaxing (horse) __knowledge__ Relaxing also equaled a track record in the Firenze Handicap (Gr-2).", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Serer creation myth __knowledge__ The Serer creation myth is the traditional creation myth of the Serer people of Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania.", "Serer creation myth __knowledge__ Many Serers who adhere to the tenets of the Serer religion believe these narratives to be sacred.", "Serer creation myth __knowledge__ Some aspects of Serer religious and Ndut traditions are included in the narratives contained herein but are not limited to them.", "Serer creation myth __knowledge__ The Serer people have many , goddesses and \"Pangool\" (the Serer saints and ancestral spirits represented by snakes), but one supreme deity and creator called Roog (or Koox in the Cangin languages).", "Serer creation myth __knowledge__ Serer creation myth developed from Serer oral traditions, Serer religion, legends, cosmogonies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Relaxation (psychology) __knowledge__ Relaxation in psychology, is the emotional state of a living being, of low tension, in which there is an absence of arousal that could come from sources such as anger, anxiety, or fear.", "Relaxation (psychology) __knowledge__ According to the Oxford dictionary relaxation is when the body and mind are free from tension and anxiety.", "Relaxation (psychology) __knowledge__ Relaxation is a form of mild ecstasy coming from the frontal lobe of the brain in which the backward cortex sends signals to the frontal cortex via a mild sedative.", "Relaxation (psychology) __knowledge__ Relaxation can be achieved through meditation, autogenics, and progressive muscle relaxation.", "Relaxation (psychology) __knowledge__ Relaxation helps improve coping with stress.", "Relaxation (psychology) __knowledge__ Stress is the leading cause of mental problems and physical problems, therefore feeling relaxed is beneficial for a person's health.", "Kayak __knowledge__ A kayak is a small, narrow watercraft which is propelled by means of a double-bladed paddle.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The word kayak originates from the Greenlandic word \"qajaq\" ().", "Kayak __knowledge__ The traditional kayak has a covered deck and one or more cockpits, each seating one paddler.", "Kayak __knowledge__ The cockpit is sometimes covered by a spray deck that prevents the entry of water from waves or spray and makes it possible for suitably skilled kayakers to roll the kayak: that is, to capsize and right it without it filling with water or ejecting the paddler. ]", "Kayak __knowledge__ Some modern boats vary considerably from a traditional design but still claim the title \"kayak\", for instance in eliminating the cockpit by seating the paddler on top of the boat (\"sit-on-top\" kayaks); having inflated air chambers surrounding the boat; replacing the single hull by twin hulls, and replacing paddles with other human-powered propulsion methods, such as foot-powered rotational propellers and \"flippers\".", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Sonora (), is one of 31 states that, with Mexico City, comprise the 32 federal entities of United Mexican States.", "Sonora __knowledge__ It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo.", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora is bordered by the states of Chihuahua to the east, Baja California to the northwest and Sinaloa to the south.", "Sonora __knowledge__ To the north, it shares the U.S.–Mexico border with the states of Arizona and New Mexico, and on the west has a significant share of the coastline of the Gulf of California.", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora's natural geography is divided into three parts: the Sierra Madre Occidental in the east of the state; plains and rolling hills in the center; and the coast on the Gulf of California.", "Chilkoot Lake __knowledge__ The Chilkoot Lake, in the Tlingit Indians region of Alaska, is also spelt Chilcoot Lake.", "Chilkoot Lake __knowledge__ Its other local names are the Akha Lake and Tschilkut S(ee), meaning “Chilkoot Lake”.", "Chilkoot Lake __knowledge__ It is in Haines Borough, Alaska.", "Chilkoot Lake __knowledge__ Chilkoot also means \"big fish\".", "Chilkoot Lake __knowledge__ The lake has a ‘Recreation Site’ at its southern end near the outlet to the Chilkoot River, which is set amidst the Sitka spruce trees.", "Chilkoot Lake __knowledge__ Chilkoot River flows from the lake for a short length and debouches into the Lutak Channel at the head of the Chilkoot inlet near Haines.", "Chilkoot Lake __knowledge__ Chilkoot village, a settlement of Chilkoot Indians existed at the outlet of the lake, which was called Tschilkut or Tananel or Chilcoot; the lake is named after this village.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "British Columbia __knowledge__ British Columbia (BC or B.C.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ ; French: \"Colombie-Britannique\") is the westernmost province of Canada, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ With an estimated population of 4.8 million as of 2017, it is Canada's third-most populous province.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ The first British settlement in the area was Fort Victoria, established in 1843, which gave rise to the City of Victoria, at first the capital of the separate Colony of Vancouver Island.", "British Columbia __knowledge__ Subsequently, on the mainland, the Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866) was founded by Richard Clement Moody and the Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment, in response to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaking is the use of a kayak for moving across water.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ It is distinguished from canoeing by the sitting position of the paddler and the number of blades on the paddle.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ A kayak is a low-to-the-water, canoe-like boat in which the paddler sits facing forward, legs in front, using a double-bladed paddle to pull front-to-back on one side and then the other in rotation.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Most kayaks have closed decks, although sit-on-top and inflatable kayaks are growing in popularity as well.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ Kayaks were created thousands of years ago by the Inuit, formerly known as Eskimos, of the northern Arctic regions.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ They used driftwood and sometimes the skeleton of whale, to construct the frame of the kayak, and animal skin, particularly seal skin was used to create the body.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The main purpose for creating the kayak, which literally translates to \"hunter's boat\" was for hunting and fishing.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ The kayak's stealth capabilities, allowed for the hunter to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline, and successfully catch their prey.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ By the mid-1800s the kayak became increasingly popular and the Europeans became interested.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ German and French men began kayaking for sport.", "Kayaking __knowledge__ In 1931, a man named Adolf Anderle became the first person to kayak down the Salzachofen Gorge, this is where the birthplace of modern-day white-water kayaking is believed to have begun.", "Linux startup process __knowledge__ Linux startup process is the multi-stage initialization process performed during booting a Linux installation.", "Linux startup process __knowledge__ It is in many ways similar to the BSD and other Unix-style boot processes, from which it derives.", "Linux startup process __knowledge__ Booting a Linux installation involves multiple stages and software components, including firmware initialization, execution of a boot loader, loading and startup of a Linux kernel image, and execution of various startup scripts and daemons.", "Linux startup process __knowledge__ For each of these stages and components there are different variations and approaches; for example, GRUB, LILO, SYSLINUX or Loadlin can be used as boot loaders, while the startup scripts can be either traditional init-style, or the system configuration can be performed through modern alternatives such as systemd or Upstart.", "Init __knowledge__ In Unix-based computer operating systems, init (short for \"initialization\") is the first process started during booting of the computer system.", "Init __knowledge__ Init is a daemon process that continues running until the system is shut down.", "Init __knowledge__ It is the direct or indirect ancestor of all other processes and automatically adopts all orphaned processes.", "Init __knowledge__ Init is started by the kernel using a hard-coded filename; a kernel panic will occur if the kernel is unable to start it.", "Init __knowledge__ Init is typically assigned process identifier 1.", "Init __knowledge__ In Unix systems such as System III and System V, the design of init has diverged from the functionality provided by the init in Research Unix and its BSD derivatives.", "Systemd __knowledge__ systemd is an init system used in Linux distributions to bootstrap the user space and to manage system processes after booting.", "Systemd __knowledge__ It is a replacement for the UNIX System V and Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) init systems.", "Systemd __knowledge__ The goal is unification of basic Linux configurations and service behaviors across all distributions.", "Systemd __knowledge__ The name \"systemd\" adheres to the Unix convention of naming daemons by appending the letter \"d\".", "Systemd __knowledge__ It also plays on the term \"System D\", which refers to a person's ability to adapt quickly and improvise to solve problems.", "Systemd __knowledge__ Lennart Poettering and Kay Sievers, the software engineers working for Red Hat who initially developed systemd, sought to surpass the efficiency of the init daemon in several ways.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" is a twelve-bar blues song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Recorded originally by Willie Mae \"Big Mama\" Thornton on August 13, 1952, in Los Angeles and released by Peacock Records in late February 1953, \"Hound Dog\" was Thornton's only hit record, selling over 500,000 copies, spending 14 weeks in the R&B charts, including seven weeks at number one.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ Thornton's recording of \"Hound Dog\" is listed as one of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's \"500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll\", and was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in February 2013.", "Hound Dog (song) __knowledge__ \"Hound Dog\" has been recorded more than 250 times.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Daemon (computing) __knowledge__ In multitasking computer operating systems, a daemon ( or ) is a computer program that runs as a background process, rather than being under the direct control of an interactive user.", "Daemon (computing) __knowledge__ Traditionally, the process names of a daemon end with the letter \"d\", for clarification that the process is, in fact, a daemon, and for differentiation between a daemon and a normal computer program.", "Daemon (computing) __knowledge__ For example, syslogd is the daemon that implements the system logging facility, and sshd is a daemon that serves incoming SSH connections.", "Daemon (computing) __knowledge__ In a Unix environment, the parent process of a daemon is often, but not always, the init process.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ Inuit describes the various groups of indigenous peoples who live throughout \"Inuit Nunangat\", that is the Inuvialuit Settlement Region of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut of Northern Canada, Nunavik in Quebec and Nunatsiavut in Labrador, as well as in Greenland.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ The term culture of the Inuit, therefore, refers primarily to these areas; however, parallels to other Eskimo groups can also be drawn.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ The traditional lifestyle of the Inuit is adapted to extreme climatic conditions; their essential skills for survival are hunting and trapping.", "Inuit culture __knowledge__ Agriculture was never possible in the millions of square kilometres of tundra and icy coasts from Siberia to Northern America and Greenland.", "Inuit __knowledge__ The Inuit (pronounced ; Inuktitut: , \"the people\") are a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic regions of Greenland, Canada and Alaska.", "Inuit __knowledge__ Inuit is a plural noun; the singular is Inuk.", "Inuit __knowledge__ The Inuit languages are part of the Eskimo-Aleut family.", "Inuit __knowledge__ Inuit Sign Language is a critically endangered language isolate spoken in Nunavut.", "Inuit __knowledge__ In the United States and Canada, the term \"Eskimo\" was commonly used by ethnic Europeans to describe the Inuit and Alaska's Yupik and Iñupiat peoples.", "Inuit __knowledge__ However, \"Inuit\" is not accepted as a term for the Yupik, and \"Eskimo\" is the only term that applies to Yupik, Iñupiat and Inuit.", "Inuit women __knowledge__ The Inuit are the most widespread and perhaps the best known aboriginal people on earth.", "Inuit women __knowledge__ As a very large indigenous group inhabiting the Arctic regions of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Russia, the Inuit exhibit many variations in cultural practices and customs.", "Inuit women __knowledge__ In Inuit communities, the women play a crucial role in the survival of the group.", "Inuit women __knowledge__ The responsibilities faced by Inuit women were considered equally as important as those faced by the men.", "Inuit women __knowledge__ Because of this, the women were given due respect, but are not given an equal share of influence or power.", "Inuit women __knowledge__ Recent modernization and urbanization has transformed traditional Inuit culture and influenced the role of women within the culture.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ This is an alphabetic list of achievements in science and technology made by Indigenous peoples of the Americas during the 13,500 years or more that they have inhabited the American continent.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ abstract art- Abstract art was used by nearly all tribes and civilizations of North and South America.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ Native American art was believed to be primitive until the 1990s, when it served as inspiration for the modern American abstract art movement.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ adobe- Adobe was used by the peoples from South America, Mesoamerica, and up to Southwestern tribes of the U.S.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ It is estimated that it was developed around the year 3000 BC.", "Canadian Arctic tundra __knowledge__ The Canadian Arctic tundra is a biogeographic designation for Northern Canada's terrain generally lying north of the tree line or boreal forest, that corresponds with the Scandinavian Alpine tundra to the east and the Siberian Arctic tundra to the west inside the circumpolar tundra belt of the Northern hemisphere.", "Canadian Arctic tundra __knowledge__ Canada's northern territories encompass a total area of , 26% of the country's landmass that includes the Arctic coastal tundra, the Arctic Lowlands and the Innuitian Region in the High Arctic.", "Canadian Arctic tundra __knowledge__ Tundra terrain accounts for approximately in Yukon, the Northwest Territories, in Nunavut, north-eastern Manitoba, northern Ontario, northern Quebec, northern Labrador and the islands of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, of which Baffin Island with is the largest.", "Greenland __knowledge__ Greenland (, ; , ) is an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.", "Greenland __knowledge__ Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and Denmark, the colonial powers, as well as the nearby island of Iceland) for more than a millennium.", "Greenland __knowledge__ The majority of its residents are Inuit, whose ancestors began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century, gradually settling across the island.", "Greenland __knowledge__ Greenland is the world's largest island." ] ]

[ 2, 7, 5, 8 ]

[ "I love kayaking! It's different from canoeing in that the seating position is different and there are two blades on the paddle.", "I love kayaking in peaceful rivers. They were actually first created for hunting and fishing.", "They were made by the Inuit people in the northern Arctic regions.", "Yes, their former name was the Eskimos. But kayaks are really stealthy and allow hunters to sneak up behind animals on the shoreline." ]

[ "Kayaking", "Kayaking", "Kayaking", "Kayaking" ]

[ "J. K. Rowling", "Hi, I have met Joanne Rowling.who is he?", "Whats the movie all about?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Joanne Rowling, ( \"rolling\"; born 31 July 1965), writing under the pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist, screenwriter, and producer who is best known for writing the \"Harry Potter\" fantasy series.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ The books have won multiple awards, and sold more than 400 million copies.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ They have become the best-selling book series in history and been the basis for a series of films, over which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts and was a producer on the final films in the series.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Born in Yate, Gloucestershire, England, Rowling was working as a researcher and bilingual secretary for Amnesty International when she conceived the idea for the \"Harry Potter\" series while on a delayed train from Manchester to London in 1990.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ The seven-year period that followed saw the death of her mother, birth of her first child, divorce from her first husband and relative poverty until the first novel in the series, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", was published in 1997.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ There were six sequels, of which the last, \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows\", was released in 2007.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Since then, Rowling has written four books for adult readers: \"The Casual Vacancy\" (2012) and—under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith—the crime fiction novels \"The Cuckoo's Calling\" (2013), \"The Silkworm\" (2014) and \"Career of Evil\" (2015)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Joanne Rowling, ( \"rolling\"; born 31 July 1965), writing under the pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist, screenwriter, and producer who is best known for writing the \"Harry Potter\" fantasy series.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ The books have won multiple awards, and sold more than 400 million copies.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ They have become the best-selling book series in history and been the basis for a series of films, over which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts and was a producer on the final films in the series.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Born in Yate, Gloucestershire, England, Rowling was working as a researcher and bilingual secretary for Amnesty International when she conceived the idea for the \"Harry Potter\" series while on a delayed train from Manchester to London in 1990.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ The seven-year period that followed saw the death of her mother, birth of her first child, divorce from her first husband and relative poverty until the first novel in the series, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", was published in 1997.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ There were six sequels, of which the last, \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows\", was released in 2007.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Since then, Rowling has written four books for adult readers: \"The Casual Vacancy\" (2012) and—under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith—the crime fiction novels \"The Cuckoo's Calling\" (2013), \"The Silkworm\" (2014) and \"Career of Evil\" (2015).", "Church Cottage, Tutshill __knowledge__ Church Cottage in the village of Tutshill, Gloucestershire, England, is a Grade II listed building, thought to have been designed by the architect Henry Woodyer.", "Church Cottage, Tutshill __knowledge__ It was the childhood home, between the ages of 9 and 18, of Joanne Rowling, author (as J. K. Rowling) of the \"Harry Potter\" series of fantasy books.", "Church Cottage, Tutshill __knowledge__ The building was constructed in about 1852 in the Victorian Gothic style, and was originally used as a schoolhouse and then a rectory.", "Church Cottage, Tutshill __knowledge__ Henry Woodyer designed the adjoining St. Luke's Church, and English Heritage regard him as \"possibly\" the designer of the cottage as well.", "Church Cottage, Tutshill __knowledge__ The -storey building is of sandstone, with a tiled roof, two-light chamfered mullioned casements, small gablets and a porch.", "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone __knowledge__ Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone is a fantasy novel written by British author J. K. Rowling.", "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone __knowledge__ It is the first novel in the \"Harry Potter\" series and Rowling's debut novel, first published in 1997 by Bloomsbury.", "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone __knowledge__ It was published in the United States as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone by Scholastic Corporation in 1998.", "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone __knowledge__ The plot follows Harry Potter, a young wizard who discovers his magical heritage as he makes close friends and a few enemies in his first year at the Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.", "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone __knowledge__ With the help of his friends, Harry faces an attempted comeback by the dark wizard Lord Voldemort, who killed Harry's parents, but failed to kill Harry when he was just 15 months old.", "John Nettleship __knowledge__ John Lawrence Nettleship (1 August 1939 – 12 March 2011) was a British schoolteacher who taught chemistry at Wyedean School, Gloucestershire.", "John Nettleship __knowledge__ His pupils there included Joanne Rowling, whose mother worked for some time as an assistant in his department.", "John Nettleship __knowledge__ He has been stated to be a major inspiration for the character of Severus Snape in Rowling's \"Harry Potter\" series of fantasy books.", "John Nettleship __knowledge__ Nettleship was born in Nottingham, the son of Albert Victor Nettleship and Lilian (née Slack).", "John Nettleship __knowledge__ He studied Chemistry at the University of Leeds in the late 1950s.", "John Nettleship __knowledge__ He joined the Labour Party at that time, and remained an active member for the rest of his life.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ There are many published theories about the politics of the Harry Potter books by J. K. Rowling, which range from them containing criticism of racism to anti-government sentiments.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ According to \"Inside Higher Ed\", doctoral theses have been devoted to the Harry Potter books.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ There are also several university courses centred on analysis of the Potter series, including an upper division Political Science course.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ \"Time\" magazine noted the political and social aspects of Harry Potter in their 2007 Person of the Year issue where Rowling placed third behind politicians Vladimir Putin and Al Gore.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter's potential social and political impact was called similar to the 19th century phenomenon of Harriet Beecher Stowe's popular, but critically maligned book, \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\", which fuelled the abolitionist movement leading up to the American Civil War.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The novels chronicle the life of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The main story arc concerns Harry's struggle against Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become immortal, overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic, and subjugate all wizards and muggles, a reference term that means non-magical people.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Since the release of the first novel, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", on 26 June 1997, the books have found immense popularity, critical acclaim, and commercial success worldwide.", "Joanne (album) __knowledge__ Joanne is the fifth studio album by American singer Lady Gaga.", "Joanne (album) __knowledge__ It was released on October 21, 2016, by Streamline and Interscope Records.", "Joanne (album) __knowledge__ The album's production was led by Mark Ronson, Gaga herself and BloodPop, alongside a variety of collaborators including Kevin Parker, Emile Haynie, Jeff Bhasker and Josh Homme.", "Joanne (album) __knowledge__ The music of \"Joanne\" features \"stripped-down\" soft rock and dance-pop styles in order to emphasize the singer's vocal abilities.", "Joanne (album) __knowledge__ Lyrically, the album delves on the theme of family and life's emotions, with the death of her aunt, Joanne Stefani Germanotta, having a deep influence on the record." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Joanne Rowling, ( \"rolling\"; born 31 July 1965), writing under the pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist, screenwriter, and producer who is best known for writing the \"Harry Potter\" fantasy series.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ The books have won multiple awards, and sold more than 400 million copies.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ They have become the best-selling book series in history and been the basis for a series of films, over which Rowling had overall approval on the scripts and was a producer on the final films in the series.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Born in Yate, Gloucestershire, England, Rowling was working as a researcher and bilingual secretary for Amnesty International when she conceived the idea for the \"Harry Potter\" series while on a delayed train from Manchester to London in 1990.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ The seven-year period that followed saw the death of her mother, birth of her first child, divorce from her first husband and relative poverty until the first novel in the series, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", was published in 1997.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ There were six sequels, of which the last, \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows\", was released in 2007.", "J. K. Rowling __knowledge__ Since then, Rowling has written four books for adult readers: \"The Casual Vacancy\" (2012) and—under the pseudonym Robert Galbraith—the crime fiction novels \"The Cuckoo's Calling\" (2013), \"The Silkworm\" (2014) and \"Career of Evil\" (2015).", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ The Karnataka Quiz Association (or KQA) was founded in 1983 by the late Wing Commander G.R.Mulky, Deepak Murdeshwar, Rajeev Gowda, Thomas Uthup, K.N.Mahabala, Thribhuvan Kumar, P.Raju and Jagadish Raja is a non-profit association devoted to popularizing the mindsport among students and the general public in Bangalore and beyond.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ Contests are held regularly in the following categories: Middle School, High School, Junior College, College, and Open-to-all.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ In addition, specialist quizzes in the areas of Literature, Entertainment, Music, Art, Comics and Business are held every year.", "Karnataka Quiz Association __knowledge__ The KQA holds events in English and Kannada.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ WHATS'On is a professional scheduling software package for broadcasting companies, created by the Belgian company MediaGeniX.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ Since 2013 Dirk Debraekeleer is the CEO of this company.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ The software was first created for the Vlaamse Televisie Maatschappij in 1992 as a scheduling system for linear TV.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ In 1999 the system was extended to include radio scheduling.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ Version 20 of the package includes video on demand, video streaming, podcasting and theme channel support.", "WHATS'On (Software) __knowledge__ WHATS'On includes support for revenue share licence agreements and it introduces the first fully embedded workflow engine that will further optimize the data flow between Digital asset managementsystems, play-out suites and finance systems.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Jean Ray Laury (March 22, 1928 – March 2, 2011) was an American academically trained artist and designer.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ She was one of the first fine artists to move to quilting as a medium of choice in the late 1950s.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Her quilts followed neither traditional method nor pattern; they were bold, modern, colorful collages, often laced with humor and satire.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Penning over twenty books and teaching over 2,000 workshops, Laury helped women see the creative possibilities in everyday objects and awake their sense of inspiration.", "Jean Ray Laury __knowledge__ Laury has been called a “foremother of a quilt revival”, and “one of the pioneers” of non-traditional quilts.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ G. S. Unni Krishnan Nair (born 1964 at Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala) is Deputy Director of Agriculture in Department of Agriculture, Kerala and a Malayalam Writer.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ He is a graduate in Agriculture with Post Graduation in Journalism and Mass Communication and has undergone training in video production and farm journalism at EEI, Hyderabad.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:NSFF2015.JPG&action=edit&redlink=1 G.S.Unni Krishnan is a popular science writer, science fiction writer, children’s writer, farm journalist Science film maker and novelist in Malayalam.", "G. S. Unnikrishnan Nair __knowledge__ He contributes articles and features regularly in Malayalam and English dailies and magazines since 1986.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The Medic Droid was an American synthpop band from Phoenix, Arizona.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The Medic Droid was started in 2005 with Chris Donathon, Hector Bagnod and Johnny Chavez (Droid).", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ Bagnod and Donathon first met in 2003, but Donathon moved away from the city after they met, only to return (and begin the band) a few years later.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ The group gained a strong initial following through the social networking site Myspace; by mid-2008 the song \"Fer Sure\" had logged almost 2 million plays on the site and the group had accumulated over 100,000 friends there.", "The Medic Droid __knowledge__ Soon they were noticed by manager Avery Andon who brought the band to New York where they played their first live show opening for Enter Shikari at The Bowery Ballroom and caught the eye of A&R's from Epic Records who would later go on to sign the band.", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ Herbs are a multi-cultural New Zealand reggae group, which since its foundation has featured Samoans, Tongans, Cook Islanders and Maori members.", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ 11th inductee into the New Zealand Music Hall of Fame, they formed in 1979, and were once described as \"New Zealand's most soulful, heartfelt and consistent contemporary musical voice\".", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ It has been said their debut EP \"Whats' Be Happen?\"", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ \"set a standard for Pacific reggae which has arguably never been surpassed\".", "Herbs (band) __knowledge__ The band has always been political, with links to the Polynesian Panthers and the cover of \"Whats' Be Happen\" (released during the 1981 Springbok tour) being an aerial photo of police action at Bastion Point in 1978.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ Katherine Kingsley (born 24 December 1981) is an English actress.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ Born and raised in Cambridge and schooled at Parkside Community College and Long Road Sixth Form College, Kingsley moved to London to study with the English National Opera's \"The Knack\", before studying acting at the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School Kingsley is a three time Olivier Award Nominee.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ She has performed in iconic venues such as the Donmar Warehouse and the Menier Chocolate Factory, as well as the Chichester Theatre and many other West End venues.", "Katherine Kingsley __knowledge__ She has received critical praise for her turn as Marlene Dietrich in the Donmar production of \"Piaf\", which led to an Olivier nomination in 2009.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels written by British author J. K. Rowling.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The novels chronicle the life of a young wizard, Harry Potter, and his friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, all of whom are students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ The main story arc concerns Harry's struggle against Lord Voldemort, a dark wizard who intends to become immortal, overthrow the wizard governing body known as the Ministry of Magic, and subjugate all wizards and muggles, a reference term that means non-magical people.", "Harry Potter __knowledge__ Since the release of the first novel, \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\", on 26 June 1997, the books have found immense popularity, critical acclaim, and commercial success worldwide.", "J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World __knowledge__ J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World is a British-American fantasy media franchise and shared fictional universe centered on a series of fantasy films, distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures, based on the \"Harry Potter\" fantasy novels by British author J. K. Rowling.", "J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World __knowledge__ The films have been in production since 2000, and in that time nine films have been produced, with four more in various stages of production.", "J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World __knowledge__ The series has collectively grossed over $8.5 billion at the global box office, making it the third highest-grossing film franchise of all-time.", "J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World __knowledge__ David Heyman and his company Heyday Films have produced every film in J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Harry Potter (film series) __knowledge__ Harry Potter is a British-American film series based on the \"Harry Potter\" novels by author J. K. Rowling.", "Harry Potter (film series) __knowledge__ The series is distributed by Warner Bros. and consists of eight fantasy films, beginning with \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\" (2001) and culminating with \"Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2\" (2011).", "Harry Potter (film series) __knowledge__ A spin-off prequel series will consist of five films, starting with \"Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them\" (2016).", "Harry Potter (film series) __knowledge__ The \"Fantastic Beasts\" films mark the beginning of a shared media franchise known as J. K. Rowling's Wizarding World.", "Harry Potter (film series) __knowledge__ The series was mainly produced by David Heyman, and stars Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint, and Emma Watson as the three leading characters: Harry Potter, Ron Weasley, and Hermione Granger.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ There are many published theories about the politics of the Harry Potter books by J. K. Rowling, which range from them containing criticism of racism to anti-government sentiments.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ According to \"Inside Higher Ed\", doctoral theses have been devoted to the Harry Potter books.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ There are also several university courses centred on analysis of the Potter series, including an upper division Political Science course.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ \"Time\" magazine noted the political and social aspects of Harry Potter in their 2007 Person of the Year issue where Rowling placed third behind politicians Vladimir Putin and Al Gore.", "Politics of Harry Potter __knowledge__ Harry Potter's potential social and political impact was called similar to the 19th century phenomenon of Harriet Beecher Stowe's popular, but critically maligned book, \"Uncle Tom's Cabin\", which fuelled the abolitionist movement leading up to the American Civil War.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ Writer J. K. Rowling cites several writers as influences in her creation of her bestselling \"Harry Potter\" series.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ Writers, journalists and critics have noted that the books also have a number of analogues; a wide range of literature, both classical and modern, which Rowling has not openly cited as influences.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ This article is divided into three sections.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The first section lists those authors and books which Rowling has suggested as possible influences on \"Harry Potter\".", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The second section deals with those books which Rowling has cited as favourites without mentioning possible influences.", "Harry Potter influences and analogues __knowledge__ The third section deals with those analogues which Rowling has not cited either as influences or as favourites but which others have claimed bear comparison with \"Harry Potter\"." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 41 ]

[ "Hi, I have met Joanne Rowling.", "She is a famous person, a screenwriter, and producer who is best known for writing the \"Harry Potter\" fantasy series.", "Harry Potter is a series of fantasy novels, and also has movies about it as well." ]

[ "J. K. Rowling", "J. K. Rowling", "J. K. Rowling" ]

[ "American Eagle Outfitters\nHey there! I used to wear American Eagle clothes when I was younger, did you?", "Oh okay cool, I would still wear them if they weren't pricey. I also always have to shop at their kids store because the 0", "Oh wow! Yeah I wonder, that was a long time ago! ", "Yes it is! They are quality clothes too", "Oh okay that makes sense. Theyre jeans are really nice. The clothes last a long time too!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business.", "American Eagle (airline brand) __knowledge__ American Eagle is an American brand name for the regional branch of American Airlines, under which ten individual regional airlines operate short- and medium-haul feeder flights.", "American Eagle (airline brand) __knowledge__ Three of these airlines, Envoy Air (formerly American Eagle Airlines), Piedmont Airlines and PSA Airlines, are wholly owned subsidiaries of American Airlines Group.", "American Eagle (airline brand) __knowledge__ Just like the regional brands of the other two major airlines (Delta Connection and United Express), American Airlines' regional brand accounts for more than 60% of American Airlines flights.", "American Eagle (airline brand) __knowledge__ Prior to the Airline Deregulation Act in 1978, most major US air carriers had maintained close relationships with independent regional carriers in order to feed passengers from smaller markets into the larger cities, and, in turn, onto the larger legacy carriers.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ American Eagle (Jason Strongbow) is a fictional character, a Native American superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ American Eagle first appears in \"Marvel Two-in-One Annual\" #6 (October 1981), by writer Doug Moench and penciler Ron Wilson.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ In the story entitled \"An Eagle from America!\"", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ Strongbow gains superhuman powers and becomes American Eagle.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ He joins with Thing, Ka-Zar, and Wyatt Wingfoot to defeat Klaw.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ The character subsequently appears in \"Contest of Champions\" #1, 3 (June & August 1982), \"Incredible Hulk\" vol.", "American Eagle (Marvel Comics) __knowledge__ 1 #279 (January 1983), and \"Rom\" #65-66 (April 1985-May 1985).", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ Abercrombie & Fitch (A&F) is an American retailer that focuses on upscale casual wear for young consumers, its headquarters are in New Albany, Ohio.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ The company operates 1,049 stores across all three brands.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ The company operates two other offshoot brands: Abercrombie Kids & Hollister Co. Once known for its sexualised ad campaigns, the company has toned down its imagery and no longer displays nearly nude models in their advertisements.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ According to Chairman Arthur Martinez, Abercrombie and Fitch is now targeting an older consumer, from ages 18–25.", "Abercrombie & Fitch __knowledge__ These changes provide the hopes that the audience will see the company is evolving along with its consumers, and boost sales.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ Envoy Air Inc. (formerly American Eagle Airlines) is an air carrier headquartered in Irving, Texas, in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ It is a wholly owned subsidiary of American Airlines Group that, along with several carriers outside the group, feeds the American Airlines route network under the American Eagle brand.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ With over 800 flights a day, serving 150 cities across the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean, Envoy is considered to be one of the world's largest regional airline systems.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ Envoy is an affiliate member of the Oneworld airline alliance.", "Envoy Air __knowledge__ The name \"American Eagle Airlines\" was also used between April 1980 and April 1981 by an unrelated air charter service that suspended operations and filed bankruptcy before flying any scheduled operations.", "Filipino American fashion __knowledge__ Fashion and clothing for Filipino-Americans has been a symbol of political action since their arrival to the U.S. in the early 20th century.", "Filipino American fashion __knowledge__ Dealing with U.S. occupation in the Philippines, both students and laborers adopted American styles of dress while also maintaining styles of dress that originated in the Philippines.", "Filipino American fashion __knowledge__ Fashion remains an integral aspect for the Filipino-American community, with many cultural celebrations regarding fashion such as Canada Philippine Fashion Week in Toronto and other fashion weeks occurring in numerous global cities.", "Filipino American fashion __knowledge__ Aside from partaking in fashion, the Philippines also produces clothing that is made for mass consumption overseas, in places such as the U.S., Europe, and Canada.", "Santa Fe Regional Airport __knowledge__ Santa Fe Regional Airport is ten miles southwest of Santa Fe, in Santa Fe County, New Mexico.", "Santa Fe Regional Airport __knowledge__ The Santa Fe Regional Airport opened in 1941.", "Santa Fe Regional Airport __knowledge__ The airport had seen an increase in airline flights, with 43,329 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2011 and 47,847 in 2012.", "Santa Fe Regional Airport __knowledge__ The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 called it a \"general aviation\" airport based on enplanements in 2008, when Santa Fe had no airline service while airport officials awaited federal approval of an environmental impact assessment (the \"commercial service\" category requires at least 2,500 per year)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ Cole World: The Sideline Story (commonly shortened to Cole World or The Sideline Story; stylized as Cole World - The Sideline Story) is the debut studio album by American rapper J. Cole.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ It was released on September 27, 2011, by Roc Nation and Columbia Records, with distribution from Sony Music.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ The album is his first studio release, following three successful mixtapes.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ In 2007, the album was first recorded and ended, and then began to take place from 2009 to 2011, featuring the production that was handled mainly by Cole himself, with some production from high-profile producer No I.D.", "Cole World: The Sideline Story __knowledge__ It includes features four guest appearances from Trey Songz, Drake, Jay-Z, and Missy Elliott.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Hendrik Johannes \"Johan\" Cruijff (, anglicised to Cruyff; 25 April 1947 – 24 March 2016) was a Dutch professional football player and coach.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ As a player, he won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973, and 1974.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff was the most famous exponent of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in football history.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ In the 1970s, Dutch football rose from near obscurity to become a powerhouse in the sport.", "Johan Cruyff __knowledge__ Cruyff led the Netherlands to the final of the 1974 FIFA World Cup and received the Golden Ball as player of the tournament.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series \"The Monkees\", which aired from 1966 to 1968.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British stage and television actor and singer Davy Jones.", "The Monkees __knowledge__ The band's music was initially supervised by producer Don Kirshner, backed by the songwriting duo of Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart.", "List of The 39 Clues characters __knowledge__ This is the list of fictional and non-fictional characters who appeared in The 39 Clues franchise.", "List of The 39 Clues characters __knowledge__ They may appear in The 39 Clues books and audiobooks, cards, or the series' official website.", "List of The 39 Clues characters __knowledge__ Ian, Natalie, and Isabel Kabra (all from London, United Kingdom) are the richest and most ruthless team in the quest.", "List of The 39 Clues characters __knowledge__ Isabel Kabra née Vesper-Hollingsworth is the wife of Vikram Kabra, both of whom are the billionaire parents of Ian and Natalie.", "List of The 39 Clues characters __knowledge__ Ian is fourteen years old while Natalie is eleven.", "List of The 39 Clues characters __knowledge__ Both children have cinnamon-complexion skin.", "List of The 39 Clues characters __knowledge__ Ian is interested in jets while Natalie is a shopaholic.", "List of The 39 Clues characters __knowledge__ Ian also has feelings for Amy Cahill, despite the disagreement of his mother.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Gerodiversity __knowledge__ Gerodiversity is the multicultural approach to issues of aging.", "Gerodiversity __knowledge__ This approach provides a theoretical foundation for the medical and psychological treatment of older adults within an ecological context that includes their cultural identity and heritage, social environment, community, family system, and significant relationships (Iwasaki, Tazeau, Kimmel, Baker, & McCallum, 2009).", "Gerodiversity __knowledge__ Gerodiversity encompasses a social justice framework, which considers the social and historical dynamics of privilege and inequality (Iwasaki et al., 2009).", "Gerodiversity __knowledge__ In addition to issues of aging, gerodiversity includes race, ethnicity, language, gender identity, socioeconomic status, physical ability or disability, sexual orientation, level of education, country of origin, location of residence, and religion or spirituality.", "Memory and aging __knowledge__ Age-related memory loss, sometimes described as \"normal aging\", is qualitatively different from memory loss associated with dementias such as Alzheimer's disease, and is believed to have a different brain mechanism.", "Memory and aging __knowledge__ Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition in which people face memory problems more often than that of the average person their age.", "Memory and aging __knowledge__ These symptoms, however, do not prevent them from carrying out normal activities and are not as severe as the symptoms for Alzheimer's disease (AD).", "Memory and aging __knowledge__ Symptoms often include misplacing items, forgetting events or appointments, and having trouble finding words.", "Gerontology __knowledge__ Gerontology is the study of the social, cultural, psychological, cognitive, and biological aspects of aging.", "Gerontology __knowledge__ The word was coined by Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov in 1903, from the Greek γέρων, \"geron\", \"old man\" and -λογία, \"-logia\", \"study of\".", "Gerontology __knowledge__ The field is distinguished from geriatrics, which is the branch of medicine that specializes in the treatment of existing disease in older adults.", "Gerontology __knowledge__ Gerontologists include researchers and practitioners in the fields of biology, nursing, medicine, criminology, dentistry, social work, physical and occupational therapy, psychology, psychiatry, sociology, economics, political science, architecture, geography, pharmacy, public health, housing, and anthropology.", "Gerontological nursing __knowledge__ Gerontological nursing is the specialty of nursing pertaining to older adults.", "Gerontological nursing __knowledge__ Gerontological nurses work in collaboration with older adults, their families, and communities to support healthy aging, maximum functioning, and quality of life.", "Gerontological nursing __knowledge__ The term gerontological nursing, which replaced the term geriatric nursing in the 1970s, is seen as being more consistent with the specialty's broader focus on health and wellness, in addition to illness.", "Gerontological nursing __knowledge__ Gerontological nursing is important to meet the health needs of an aging population.", "Gerontological nursing __knowledge__ Due to longer life expectancy and declining fertility rates, the proportion of the population that is considered old is increasing.", "Elderspeak __knowledge__ Elderspeak is a specialized speech style used by younger adults when addressing older adults.", "Elderspeak __knowledge__ The speaker makes accommodations that include producing shorter, less complex sentences, using simpler vocabulary, filler words, fragmented sentences, lexical filters, and repetition.", "Elderspeak __knowledge__ Elderspeak also includes using terms that are overly endearing, asking closed questions that prompt an answer, and using the collective “we”.", "Elderspeak __knowledge__ Young people tend to speak at a slower rate and include more pauses when communicating with elders.", "Elderspeak __knowledge__ This speech style is often patronizing in nature and resembles baby talk.", "Elderspeak __knowledge__ Elderspeak stems from a reliance on stereotypes about cognitive abilities of older persons, and its use may be a result of or contribute to ageism, a form of discrimination based on age differences.", "Choice-supportive bias __knowledge__ In cognitive science, choice-supportive bias or post-purchase rationalization is the tendency to retroactively ascribe positive attributes to an option one has selected.", "Choice-supportive bias __knowledge__ It is a cognitive bias.", "Choice-supportive bias __knowledge__ For example, if a person chooses option A instead of option B, they are likely to ignore or downplay the faults of option A while amplifying those of option B. Conversely, they are also likely to notice and amplify the advantages of option A and not notice or de-emphasize those of option B.", "Choice-supportive bias __knowledge__ What is remembered about a decision can be as important as the decision itself, especially in determining how much regret or satisfaction one experiences.", "Framing effect (psychology) __knowledge__ The framing effect is an example of cognitive bias, in which people react to a particular choice in different ways depending on how it is presented; e.g.", "Framing effect (psychology) __knowledge__ as a loss or as a gain.", "Framing effect (psychology) __knowledge__ People tend to avoid risk when a positive frame is presented but seek risks when a negative frame is presented.", "Framing effect (psychology) __knowledge__ Gain and loss are defined in the scenario as descriptions of outcomes (e.g., lives lost or saved, disease patients treated and not treated, lives saved and lost during accidents, etc.).", "Framing effect (psychology) __knowledge__ Prospect theory shows that a loss is more significant than the equivalent gain, that a sure gain (certainty effect and pseudocertainty effect) is favored over a probabilistic gain, and that a probabilistic loss is preferred to a definite loss." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago 2 (; literally \"Our Story 2\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the second of a two-part series and the sequel to \"Long Long Time Ago\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Continuing from \"Long Long Time Ago\", Zhao Di takes over her family farm with the help of Ah Long after the 1969 floods.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ After the government started reclaiming land for development in 1977, licensed owners like Zhao Di are compensated but her brother accuses her of having an affair with Ah Long to get the money for himself.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Osman does not approve his son playing in a rock band as he fears the negative influence, causing his son to run away from home.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Giant Eagle __knowledge__ Giant Eagle is a supermarket chain with stores in the U.S. states of Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, Indiana and Maryland.", "Giant Eagle __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1918 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and incorporated on March 17, 1933.", "Giant Eagle __knowledge__ \"Supermarket News\" ranked Giant Eagle No.", "Giant Eagle __knowledge__ 21 in the 2012 \"Top 75 North American Food Retailers\" based on 2011 fiscal year estimated sales of $9.3 billion.", "Giant Eagle __knowledge__ In 2005, it was the 32nd-largest privately held corporation, as determined by Forbes.", "Giant Eagle __knowledge__ Based on 2005 revenue, Giant Eagle is the 49th-largest retailer in the United States.", "Giant Eagle __knowledge__ As of Summer 2014, the company has approximately $9.9 billion in annual sales, Giant Eagle has 417 stores.", "33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry __knowledge__ The 33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry was an infantry unit from Alabama that served in the Confederate States Army during the U.S. Civil War.", "33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry __knowledge__ Recruited from the southeastern counties of Butler, Dale, Coffee, Covington, Russell and Montgomery, it saw extensive service with the Confederate Army of Tennessee before being nearly annihilated at the Battle of Franklin in 1864.", "33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry __knowledge__ Survivors from the regiment would continue to serve until the final capitulation of General Joseph Johnston in North Carolina in 1865, though the 33rd had been combined with remnants of three other regiments prior to the surrender.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ The Disney Store is an international chain of specialty stores selling only Disney related items, many of them exclusive, under its own name and Disney Outlet.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ Disney Store is a business unit of Disney Consumer Products and Interactive Media.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ Disney Store was the first \"retail-tainment\", or entertainment store.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ The company had operated a number of store chains beyond its flagship Disney Store chain, ESPN-The Store, Mickey's Kitchen restaurant.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ Currently, the company operates the stand-alone stores, Disney Baby, Walt Disney Gallery and Disney's Soda Fountain and Studio Store.", "Disney Store __knowledge__ Disney Store was a partner for Disney at Harrods, which included a Bibbidi Bobbidi Boutique salon .", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Weird Tales is an American fantasy and horror fiction pulp magazine founded by J. C. Henneberger and J. M. Lansinger in March 1923.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first editor, Edwin Baird, printed early work by H. P. Lovecraft, Seabury Quinn, and Clark Ashton Smith, all of whom would go on to be popular writers, but within a year the magazine was in financial trouble.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ Henneberger sold his interest in the publisher, Rural Publishing Corporation, to Lansinger and refinanced \"Weird Tales\", with Farnsworth Wright as the new editor.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The first issue under Wright's control was dated November 1924.", "Weird Tales __knowledge__ The magazine was more successful under Wright, and despite occasional financial setbacks it prospered over the next fifteen years.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia __knowledge__ This is a survey of the :postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia __knowledge__ All states of Malaysia issue stamps, mainly definitive stamps of the same design, but with their respective state names.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia __knowledge__ Malaysia started issuing stamps after independence from the United Kingdom on 31 August 1957.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia __knowledge__ These stamps bore the title of Malayan Federation until 9 August 1963 when Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore merged with Malaya to form Malaysia.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia __knowledge__ Singapore became independent from Malaysia in 1965.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia __knowledge__ During 1965 Malaysia issued its first definitive stamps.", "Postage stamps and postal history of Malaysia __knowledge__ The stamps featured orchids for the State low values and birds for the Malaysia high values.", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ Analog Science Fiction and Fact is an American science-fiction magazine published under various titles since 1930.", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ Originally titled Astounding Stories of Super-Science, the first issue was dated January 1930, published by William Clayton, and edited by Harry Bates.", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ Clayton went bankrupt in 1933 and the magazine was sold to Street & Smith.", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ The new editor was F. Orlin Tremaine, who soon made \"Astounding\" the leading magazine in the nascent pulp science fiction field, publishing well-regarded stories such as Jack Williamson's \"Legion of Space\" and John W. Campbell's \"Twilight\".", "Analog Science Fiction and Fact __knowledge__ At the end of 1937, Campbell took over editorial duties under Tremaine's supervision, and the following year Tremaine was let go, giving Campbell more independence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business.", "Orthohantavirus __knowledge__ Orthohantaviruses (or hantaviruses) are single-stranded, enveloped, negative-sense RNA viruses in the Hantaviridae family of the order Bunyavirales, which can kill humans.", "Orthohantavirus __knowledge__ They normally infect rodents and do not cause disease in these hosts.", "Orthohantavirus __knowledge__ Humans may become infected with hantaviruses through contact with rodent urine, saliva, or feces.", "Orthohantavirus __knowledge__ Some strains of hantaviruses cause potentially fatal diseases in humans, such as hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)—also known as hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS)— while others have not been associated with known human disease.", "Avian malaria __knowledge__ Avian malaria is a parasitic disease of birds, caused by parasite species belonging to the genera \"Plasmodium\" and \"Hemoproteus\" (phylum Apicomplexa, class Haemosporidia, family Plasmoiidae).", "Avian malaria __knowledge__ The disease is transmitted by a dipteran vector including mosquitoes in the case of \"Plasmodium\" parasites and biting midges for \"Hemoproteus.\"", "Avian malaria __knowledge__ The range of symptoms and effects of the parasite on its bird hosts is very wide, from asymptomatic cases to drastic population declines due to the disease, as is the case of the Hawaiian honeycreepers.", "Avian malaria __knowledge__ The diversity of parasites is large, as it is estimated that there are approximately as many parasites as there are species of hosts.", "Marc Anthony Collection __knowledge__ The Marc Anthony Collection was an American lifestyle brand created by American recording artist Marc Anthony that is sold exclusively at Kohl's department stores and at Kohls.com.", "Marc Anthony Collection __knowledge__ In November 2010, Kohl's announced a partnership with Anthony and his then-wife Jennifer Lopez.", "Marc Anthony Collection __knowledge__ Originally marketed as \"the first celebrity couple to simultaneously design collections for one retailer\", following Anthony and Lopez's divorce, the lines were marked as two separate brands.", "Marc Anthony Collection __knowledge__ The Marc Anthony Collection consists of sportswear, dress shirts, neckwear, accessories, suit separates, sport coats and shoes, while the Jennifer Lopez Collection includes contemporary sportswear, dresses, handbags, jewelry, shoes and sleepwear along with a home collection of bedding and towels.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Taenia (cestode) __knowledge__ Taenia is a genus of tapeworms (a type of helminth) that includes some important parasites of livestock.", "Taenia (cestode) __knowledge__ Members of the genus are responsible for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans, which are a type of helminthiasis belonging to the group of neglected tropical diseases.", "Taenia (cestode) __knowledge__ More than 100 species are recorded.", "Taenia (cestode) __knowledge__ They are morphologically characterized by a ribbon-like body composed of a series of segments called proglottids; hence the name \"Taenia\" (Greek ταίνια, \"tainia\" meaning ribbon, bandage, or stripe).", "Taenia (cestode) __knowledge__ The anterior end of the body is the scolex.", "Taenia (cestode) __knowledge__ Not all members of the genus \"Taenia\" have an armed scolex (hooks and/or spines located in the \"head\" region), for example, \"Taenia saginata\" has an unarmed scolex, while \"Taenia solium\" has an armed scolex.", "Ecological fitting __knowledge__ Ecological fitting is \"the process whereby organisms colonize and persist in novel environments, use novel resources or form novel associations with other species as a result of the suites of traits that they carry at the time they encounter the novel condition.” It can be understood as a situation in which a species' interactions with its biotic and abiotic environment seem to indicate a history of coevolution, when in actuality the relevant traits evolved in response to a different set of biotic and abiotic conditions.", "Ecological fitting __knowledge__ The simplest form of ecological fitting is resource tracking, in which an organism continues to exploit the same resources, but in a new host or environment.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2012 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ New characters were introduced by Bryan Kirkwood, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ He stepped down from the role in April.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ His last episode was on 13 July 2012.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ From 16 July, characters were introduced by his successor, Lorraine Newman.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was the undertaker, Les Coker.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ The first regular character to be announced was Ray Dixon, the father of Morgan Butcher, followed by Alice Branning, the daughter of Derek Branning and, Alice's brother, Joey.", "List of EastEnders characters (2012) __knowledge__ June 2012 also saw the first birth of the year: Janine Butcher and Michael Moon's daughter, Scarlett.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw Companies Limited is a Canadian food retailer that encompasses 1,000 corporate and franchise supermarkets that operates under 22 regional and market segment banners.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw's operates a private label program that includes grocery and household items, clothing, baby products, pharmaceuticals, cellular phones, general merchandise, and financial services.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Loblaw brands include President's Choice, No Name, Joe Fresh, T&T, Exact, Seaquest, Azami, and Teddy's Choice.", "Loblaw Companies __knowledge__ Most of Loblaw's 136,000 full-time and part-time employees are members of the United Food and Commercial Workers, with the exception of workers at The Real Canadian Wholesale Club in Alberta who are members of the Christian Labour Association of Canada.", "RadioShack __knowledge__ RadioShack is an American chain of wireless and electronics stores, founded in 1921.", "RadioShack __knowledge__ Since 2017, it has had approximately 28 remaining corporate locations, which are owned by General Wireless Operations, Inc., who are leasing the name from Kensington Capital Holdings.", "RadioShack __knowledge__ In addition to the corporate locations, RadioShack operates as an online website and the name is licensed to approximately 425 independently owned franchise stores.", "RadioShack __knowledge__ At its peak in 1999, it operated stores in the United States, Mexico, United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada.", "RadioShack __knowledge__ On February 5, 2015, the company filed for Chapter 11 protection under United States bankruptcy law after 11 consecutive quarterly losses.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "War in Afghanistan (2001–present) __knowledge__ This article covers the history of Afghanistan since the United States invasion of Afghanistan of October 7, 2001, a period sometimes referred to as the War in Afghanistan, or the U.S. War in Afghanistan, code named Operation Enduring Freedom – Afghanistan (2001–2014) and Operation Freedom's Sentinel (2015–present) The U.S. in their 2001 invasion was supported initially by the United Kingdom and Canada and later by a coalition of over 40 countries, including all NATO members.", "War in Afghanistan (2001–present) __knowledge__ The war's public aims were to dismantle al-Qaeda and to deny it a safe base of operations in Afghanistan by removing the Taliban from power.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ On August 29, 1996, Janet Levine March (born February 20, 1963), a children's book illustrator in Forest Hills, Tennessee, United States, a suburb of Nashville, was reported missing to police by her husband and mother.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ Perry March, a lawyer, told police that he had last seen his wife when she left the house on the night of August 15, two weeks earlier, following an argument.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ He claimed she had packed her bags for a 12-day vacation at an unknown location and driven away.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ She was never seen alive by anyone else afterwards.", "Murder of Janet March __knowledge__ Janet's car was found at a nearby apartment complex a week after the police report, apparently having been there for some time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters, Inc. is an American clothing and accessories retailer, headquartered in the Southside Works Neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ It was founded in 1977 by brothers Jerry and Mark Silverman as a subsidiary of Retail Ventures, Inc., a company which also owned and operated Silverman's Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The Silvermans sold their ownership interests in 1991 to Jacob Price of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle Outfitters is also the parent company of Aerie.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ The brand targets male and female college students, although older adults wear the brand, with 949 American Eagle Outfitters stores and 97 stand-alone and 67 side-by-side Aerie stores.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ In 1977, the first American Eagle Outfitters store opened in Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ Some of the brand's popular products are jeans (especially the low rise jeans type), polo shirts, graphic T-shirts, sweatpants, henley shirts, vanity boxers, boxer briefs and briefs, outerwear, and swimwear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ American Eagle's beginning was with the Silverman family, which owned and operated Silvermans Menswear.", "American Eagle Outfitters __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, two of the Silverman brothers—from the third generation of Silvermans in the family business—were running the family business.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Sarah Louise Platt (also Tilsley and Grimshaw) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera \"Coronation Street\".", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was born on-screen during the episode broadcast on 2 February 1987.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ She was played by Leah King in 1987 and by Lynsay King from 1987 until 8 October 1999 when King opted to leave to focus on her education.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ Tina O'Brien took over the role on 31 October 1999; she opted to leave in 2007 and made her final on-screen appearance on 30 December 2007.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ A number of false rumours about O'Brien returning to the role surfaced during her absence from the serial.", "Sarah Platt __knowledge__ In October 2014, it was announced that O'Brien was going to reprise the role, she returned to filming in February 2015 and returned on screen on 30 March 2015.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is an American media franchise and shared universe that is centered on a series of superhero films, independently produced by Marvel Studios and based on characters that appear in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The franchise has expanded to include comic books, short films, television series, and digital series.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The shared universe, much like the original Marvel Universe in comic books, was established by crossing over common plot elements, settings, cast, and characters.", "Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Phil Coulson, portrayed by Clark Gregg, is an original character to the MCU and the only character to appear across all the different media of the MCU.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ School uniform or school uniforms is a practice which dates to the 16th century in the United Kingdom.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ It is believed that the Christ Hospital School in London in 1552 was the first school to use a school uniform.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The earliest documented proof of institutionalised use of a standard academic dress dates back to 1222 when the then Archbishop of Canterbury ordered the wearing of the cappa clausa about 800 years ago.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ The practice of having school uniform has been adopted by other countries, and is now common in many parts of the world.", "School uniforms by country __knowledge__ Uniforms can be regarded as promoting social equality among students and school-pride, but the practice has also been criticised for promoting a form of uniformity characteristic of militarism.", "Punk fashion __knowledge__ Punk fashion is the clothing, hairstyles, cosmetics, jewellery, and body modifications of the punk subculture.", "Punk fashion __knowledge__ Punk fashion varies widely, ranging from Vivienne Westwood designs to styles modeled on bands like The Exploited to the dressed-down look of North American hardcore.", "Punk fashion __knowledge__ The distinct social dress of other subcultures and art movements, including glam rock, skinheads, rude boys, greasers, and mods have influenced punk fashion.", "Punk fashion __knowledge__ Punk fashion has likewise influenced the styles of these groups, as well as those of popular culture.", "Punk fashion __knowledge__ Many punks use clothing as a way of making a statement.", "Punk fashion __knowledge__ Punk fashion has been extremely commercialized at various times, and many well-established fashion designers – such as Anna Sui, Vivienne Westwood and Jean Paul Gaultier – have used punk elements in their production.", "Fashion and clothing in the Philippines __knowledge__ Fashion and clothing in the Philippines refers to the way the people of Filipino society dress up in instances such as while they are at home, at work, travelling and when attending special occasions.", "Fashion and clothing in the Philippines __knowledge__ The clothing style and fashion sense of the Filipinos in the modern-day era have been influenced by their native ancestors: their Spanish colonizers (the Philippines was a colony of the Spanish Empire for around 300 years), the Americans (the Philippines was a territory of the United States for about 50 years), and even the Japanese (Japanese soldiers occupied the Philippines during World War II), as evidenced by the chronology of events that occurred in Philippine history.", "Jeans __knowledge__ Jeans are a type of trousers, typically made from denim or dungaree cloth.", "Jeans __knowledge__ Often the term \"jeans\" refers to a particular style of trousers, called \"blue jeans,\" which were invented by Jacob W. Davis in partnership with Levi Strauss & Co. in 1871 and patented by Jacob W. Davis and Levi Strauss on May 20, 1873.", "Jeans __knowledge__ Prior to the Levi Strauss patented trousers, the term \"blue jeans\" had been long in use for various garments (including trousers, overalls, and coats), constructed from blue colored denim.", "Jeans __knowledge__ Originally designed for cowboys and miners, jeans became popular in the 1950s among teenagers, especially members of the greaser subculture.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ The 1960s featured a number of diverse trends.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ It was a decade that broke many fashion traditions, mirroring social movements during the time.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ Around the middle of the decade, fashions arising from small pockets of young people in a few urban centres received large amounts of media publicity, and began to heavily influence both the \"haute couture\" of elite designers and the mass-market manufacturers.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ Examples include the mini skirt, culottes, go-go boots, and more experimental fashions, less often seen on the street, such as box-shaped PVC dresses and other PVC clothes.", "1960s in Western fashion __knowledge__ Mary Quant popularised the mini skirt, and Jackie Kennedy introduced the pillbox hat; both became extremely popular.", "Referee (professional wrestling) __knowledge__ In professional wrestling, a referee is an authority figure present in or near the ring during matches.", "Referee (professional wrestling) __knowledge__ The referee's on-stage (kayfabe) purpose is similar to that of referees in combat sports such as boxing or mixed martial arts, that is, as an arbiter of the rules and the person charged with rendering decisions.", "Referee (professional wrestling) __knowledge__ In reality, the referee is, like the wrestlers, a participant in executing a match in accordance with its script including its pre-determined outcome, and is responsible for controlling the flow of the match and for relaying information or instructions from backstage officials to the wrestlers.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ The Ohio State University Athletic Band is a non-audition band for any student, faculty, or staff of The Ohio State University with prior instrumental experience.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Many students who perform in the Athletic Band also perform in The Ohio State University Marching Band.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Each Athletic Band features full contemporary concert band instrumentation, including woodwinds.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ It performs throughout the year at various athletic and goodwill functions across campus.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Members of the Athletic Band receive course credit for their band participation.", "Ohio State University Athletic Band __knowledge__ Military training was an important part of the early curriculum at Ohio State, and a band was formed to provide music for the cadets to drill to." ] ]

[ 5, 6, 5, 7, 0 ]

[ "No, but we have one of their stores in our city. A lot of college students I know wear AE clothes, and even some older adults.", "You're right, they are pricey! I wonder what prices were like when they opened their first store in 1977? 25 cents for jeans?", "Well, at least they're successful. I heard on the news a few weeks ago that they have over 900 stores now. That's a lot of clothes.", "I especially like their jeans, graphic T-shirts, polo shirts, and boxers. They are pretty much the only place where I can find jeans that fit me.", "Yes, I have one pair of jeans that have lasted me almost five years (and counting)!" ]

[ "American Eagle Outfitters", "American Eagle Outfitters", "American Eagle Outfitters", "American Eagle Outfitters", "American Eagle Outfitters" ]

[ "Blue\nI love the color blue.", "What are the other two?", "Yes. I like blue better than purple or red - maybe because the sky is such a pretty blue", "That is interesting to know. It is interesting how our eyes see color and how some people are color blind" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness), or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a blue or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ In this section, the term tint is used in its technical sense as used in color theory, meaning a blueish color mixed with white or light gray.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Baby blue is known as one of the pastel colors.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ With a hue code of 199, this color is a tone of azure.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Since the 2000 United States presidential election, red states and blue states have referred to states of the United States whose voters predominantly choose either the Republican Party (red) or Democratic Party (blue) presidential candidates.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Since then, the use of the term has been expanded to differentiate between states being perceived as liberal and those perceived as conservative.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ Examining patterns within states reveals that the reversal has happened at the state level but is more complicated locally, with urban/rural divides associated with many of the largest changes.", "Red states and blue states __knowledge__ All states contain both liberal and conservative voters (i.e., are \"purple\") and only appear red/blue on the electoral map because of the winner-take-all system used by most states in the Electoral College.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ Bluets is a book by the American author Maggie Nelson, published by Wave Books in 2009.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The work hybridizes several prose and poetry styles and is often referred to as lyric essay or prose poetry.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ \"Bluets\" was written between 2003 and 2006.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The book is a philosophical and personal meditation on the color blue, lost love, grief and existential solitude.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The book is full of references to other writers, philosophers and artists.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ The title refers to the painting \"Bluets\" by the artist Joan Mitchell.", "Bluets (poetry collection) __knowledge__ \"Bluets\" is a \"formal experiment\" that contains an arrangement of 240 loosely linked prose poems to which Nelson refers to as propositions.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ Azure ( ) is a variation of blue that is often described as the color of the sky on a clear day.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ On the , \"azure\" (color #007FFF) is defined as the color at 210 degrees, i.e., the hue halfway between blue and cyan.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create all the colors on a television or computer screen, azure is created by adding a little green light to blue light.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ The complementary color of azure is orange.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ In the X11 color system which became a standard for early web colors, azure is depicted as a pale cyan.", "Azure (color) __knowledge__ The color azure ultimately takes its name from the intense blue mineral lapis lazuli. '", "Shades of gray __knowledge__ Variations of gray or grey include achromatic grayscale shades, which lie exactly between white and black, and nearby colors with low colorfulness.", "Shades of gray __knowledge__ A selection of a number of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of gray __knowledge__ Below is a chart showing the computer web color grays.", "Shades of gray __knowledge__ An \"achromatic gray\" is a gray color in which the red, green, and blue codes are exactly equal.", "Shades of gray __knowledge__ The web colors \"gray\", \"gainsboro\", \"light gray\", \"dark gray\", and \"dim gray\" are all achromatic colors.", "Shades of gray __knowledge__ A \"chromatic gray\" is a gray color in which the red, green, and blue codes are not exactly equal, but are close to each other, which is what makes it a shade of gray.", "The God File __knowledge__ The God File (2002) is a novel by Frank Turner Hollon.", "The God File __knowledge__ The novel, one of five written by Hollon, won the 2003 Independent Publisher Book Award for Fiction Book of the Year.", "The God File __knowledge__ Hollon introduces the main characters in his book—Gabriel, Carl, and Leon—with descriptions of their weird obsessions/collections.", "The God File __knowledge__ Gabe is obsessed with his personal discovery of God; Carl, fulfilling his sexual urges; and Leon, killing and collecting flies.", "The God File __knowledge__ Gabe’s fixation on finding God is the reasoning behind the File, the idea of the book.", "The God File __knowledge__ Each chapter in the book, brings him closer to his goal of proving the existence of God, is a moment of his life as he recalls it in prison.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ Emergency vehicle lighting is one or more visual warning lights fitted to a vehicle for use when the driver wishes to convey to other road users the urgency of their journey, to provide additional warning of a hazard when stationary, or in the case of law enforcement as a means of signalling another driver to stop for interaction with an officer.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ These lights may be dedicated emergency lights, such as a beacon or a light bar, or may be modified stock lighting, such as a wig-wag or hide-away light, and are additional to any standard lighting on the car such as hazard lights.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ Often, they are used along with a siren (or occasionally sirens) in order to increase their effectiveness." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Two-Face __knowledge__ Two-Face (Harvey Dent) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman.", "Two-Face __knowledge__ The character was created by Bill Finger and Bob Kane and first appeared in \"Detective Comics\" #66 (Aug. 1942).", "Two-Face __knowledge__ As one of Batman's most enduring enemies, Two-Face belongs to the collective of adversaries that make up Batman's rogues gallery.", "Two-Face __knowledge__ Once an upstanding Gotham City District Attorney, Harvey Dent was hideously scarred on the left side of his face after a mob boss threw acidic chemicals at him during a court trial.", "Two-Face __knowledge__ He was subsequently driven insane and adopted the \"Two-Face\" persona, becoming a criminal obsessed with the number two and duality.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ The History of Oregon State Beavers football covers more than 120 seasons since the team began play in 1893.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ In 1893, Oregon State College was known as State Agricultural College (SAC).", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ William H. Bloss, son of SAC's school president, was the school's first coach, and the quarterback of the 1893 team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss moved to Corvallis, Oregon in June 1892.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ He previously played football in the Midwest, and was considered very knowledgeable of football.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ Bloss scheduled tryouts in the fall of 1893 trying to assemble a football team.", "History of Oregon State Beavers football __knowledge__ By mid-October, he had found 17 players that would make up the first football team in Oregon State's history.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ The playoffs, play-offs, postseason and/or finals of a sports league are a competition played after the regular season by the top competitors to determine the league champion or a similar accolade.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ Depending on the league, the playoffs may be either a single game, a series of games, or a tournament, and may use a single-elimination system or one of several other different playoff formats.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ Playoff, in regard to international fixtures, is to qualify or progress to the next round of a competition or tournament.", "Playoffs __knowledge__ In team sports in the U.S. and Canada, the vast distances and consequent burdens on cross-country travel have led to regional divisions of teams.", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ The 2009 Florida Gators softball team represented the University of Florida softball program for the 2009 NCAA softball season.", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ The Gators compiled an overall record of 63-5 and completed its SEC regular season with a record of 26-1.", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ They finished second in the nation after losing to the Washington Huskies in the WCWS Championship Series.", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ The 2009 team broke the SEC single-season home runs record (86) and several school records including grand slams in a season (12), total shutouts (39), and consecutive shutouts (11).", "2009 Florida Gators softball team __knowledge__ Aja Paculba set the single season stolen base record (27), Francesca Enea broke the career home run record (41), and the Florida pitching staff threw three no-hitters in the regular season (Stephanie Brombacher vs. Coastal Carolina and Stacey Nelson vs. Ole Miss and Arkansas).", "Problem of Apollonius __knowledge__ In Euclidean plane geometry, Apollonius's problem is to construct circles that are tangent to three given circles in a plane (Figure 1).", "Problem of Apollonius __knowledge__ Apollonius of Perga (ca.", "Problem of Apollonius __knowledge__ 262 190 BC) posed and solved this famous problem in his work (\"\", \"Tangencies\"); this work has been lost, but a 4th-century AD report of his results by Pappus of Alexandria has survived.", "Problem of Apollonius __knowledge__ Three given circles generically have eight different circles that are tangent to them (Figure 2), a pair of solutions for each way to divide the three given circles in two subsets (there are 4 ways to divide a set of cardinality 3 in 2 parts).", "Problem of Apollonius __knowledge__ In the 16th century, Adriaan van Roomen solved the problem using intersecting hyperbolas, but this solution does not use only straightedge and compass constructions.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The 2017 Washington Nationals season was the Nationals' 13th season as the baseball franchise of Major League Baseball in the District of Columbia, the 10th season at Nationals Park, and the 49th since the original team was started in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ They won the National League East division title for the fourth time in six years but were defeated by the Chicago Cubs in the Division Series.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The Washington Nationals announced in October 2016 that their entire coaching staff would return for the 2017 season, led by manager Dusty Baker.", "2017 Washington Nationals season __knowledge__ The team lost several players to free agency after the 2016 season, including right-handed relief pitcher Matt Belisle, left-handed reliever Sean Burnett, infielder Stephen Drew, outfielder Chris Heisey, right-handed pitcher Mat Latos, closer Mark Melancon, catcher Wilson Ramos, and left-handed reliever Marc Rzepczynski.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The 2016 Boston Red Sox season was the 116th season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The Red Sox finished first in the American League East with a record of 93 wins and 69 losses.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ In the postseason, the team was swept by the American League Central champion Cleveland Indians in the ALDS.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The opening day game, scheduled for April 4, was postponed to April 5, due to cold weather.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ The game was called two hours prior to game time.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ On April 5, in his Red Sox debut, David Price struck out ten Indians batters and earned the win.", "2016 Boston Red Sox season __knowledge__ He became the fifth Red Sox pitcher to win an opening day game in his debut for the ball club and the first since Pedro Martínez did it in 1998.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ There are two types of color mixing: \"Additive\" and \"Subtractive\".", "Color mixing __knowledge__ In both cases, there are three primary colors, three secondary colors (colors made from 2 of the three primary colors in equal amounts), and one tertiary color made from all three primary colors.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ This point is a common source of confusion, as there are different sets of primary colors depending on whether you are working with additive or subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ The additive mixing of colors is unintuitive as it does not correspond to the mixing of physical substances (such as paint) which would correspond to subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ For instance, one can additively mix yellow and blue by shining yellow light together with blue light, which will result in not green but a white light.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High).", "Color theory __knowledge__ In the visual arts, color theory or colour theory is a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination.", "Color theory __knowledge__ There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel: primary color, secondary color and tertiary color.", "Color theory __knowledge__ Although color theory principles first appeared in the writings of Leone Battista Alberti (c.1435) and the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), a tradition of \"colory theory\" began in the 18th century, initially within a partisan controversy over Isaac Newton's theory of color (\"Opticks\", 1704) and the nature of primary colors.", "Primary color __knowledge__ A set of primary colors is, most tangibly, a set of \"real\" physical pigmented media or colored lights that can be combined in varying amounts to produce a \"gamut\" of colors.", "Primary color __knowledge__ This is the essential method used in applications that are intended to elicit the perception of diverse sets of color, e.g.", "Primary color __knowledge__ electronic displays, color printing, and paintings.", "Primary color __knowledge__ Perceptions associated with a given combination of primary colors are predicted by applying the appropriate mixing model (additive, subtractive, additive averaging etc.)", "Primary color __knowledge__ that embodies the underlying physics of how light interacts with the media and ultimately the retina.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ RGB is a \"device-dependent\" color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and B levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ A color wheel or colour circle is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, which shows the relationships between primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors etc.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Some sources use the terms \"color wheel\" and \"color circle\" interchangeably; however, one term or the other may be more prevalent in certain fields or certain versions as mentioned above.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ For instance, some reserve the term \"color wheel\" for mechanical rotating devices, such as color tops or filter wheels.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Others classify various color wheels as \"color disc\", \"color chart\", and \"color scale\" varieties.", "CIE 1931 color space __knowledge__ The CIE 1931 color spaces were the first defined quantitative links between distributions of wavelengths in the electromagnetic visible spectrum, and physiological perceived colors in human color vision.", "CIE 1931 color space __knowledge__ The mathematical relationships that define these color spaces are essential tools for color management, important when dealing with color inks, illuminated displays, and recording devices such as digital cameras.", "CIE 1931 color space __knowledge__ The CIE 1931 RGB color space and CIE 1931 XYZ color space were created by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) in 1931.", "CIE 1931 color space __knowledge__ They resulted from a series of experiments done in the late 1920s by William David Wright and John Guild." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ Many languages do not distinguish between what in English are described as \"blue\" and \"green\" and instead use a cover term spanning both.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ To describe this English lexical gap, linguists use the portmanteau word \"grue\", from \"green\" and \"blue\", which the philosopher Nelson Goodman coined in his 1955 \"Fact, Fiction, and Forecast\" to illustrate the \"new riddle of induction\".", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ The exact definition of \"blue\" and \"green\" may be complicated by the speakers not primarily distinguishing the hue, but using terms that describe other color components such as saturation and luminosity, or other properties of the object being described.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple is a color intermediate between blue and red.", "Purple __knowledge__ It is similar to violet, but unlike violet, which is a spectral color with its own wavelength on the visible spectrum of light, purple is a composite color made by combining red and blue.", "Purple __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the U.S., purple is the color most often associated with royalty, magic, mystery and piety.", "Purple __knowledge__ When combined with pink, it is associated with eroticism, femininity and seduction.", "Purple __knowledge__ Purple was the color worn by Roman magistrates; it became the imperial color worn by the rulers of the Byzantine Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, and later by Roman Catholic bishops.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of dragons in Dragon Booster __knowledge__ The following section will explain each of the fictional dragons featured in the Canadian animated series Dragon Booster.", "List of dragons in Dragon Booster __knowledge__ This also includes dragons from which are not common within the show, as you may see them only in a few episodes.", "List of dragons in Dragon Booster __knowledge__ This section will provide a general overview of each particular dragon, as well as get into more specifics later on.", "List of dragons in Dragon Booster __knowledge__ Along with the information concerning the various dragons in Dragon Booster, it will also discuss various types of gears from which the various dragons can use (if applicable to that particular dragon).", "List of dragons in Dragon Booster __knowledge__ Also this section explains each dragon's personality traits and bonds with their riders.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The following episodes are the episode list for Endurance.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ Episode seven, fifteen, and sixteen are specials.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The seventh episode recaps the events of the first six days of the competition.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The fifteenth and the sixteenth episodes reunites the cast nearly one year since the series has started.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ In the series premiere, 20 strangers arrive on an island somewhere in the Pacific Ocean, where they meet the host, J.D.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ Roth, who explains the rules to them: every day, there will be a mission that will give one of seven teams a Pyramid Piece, an important item needed to win the game (the pieces are Courage, Heart, Knoweledge, Leadership, Commitment, Perseverance, Trust, Discipline, Strength, and Luck), and the following day features a Temple Mission, which gives the winning team a chance to send two other teams to the Temple of Fate, where one team is eliminated.", "Grow light __knowledge__ A grow light or plant light is an artificial light source, generally an electric light, designed to stimulate plant growth by emitting a light appropriate for photosynthesis.", "Grow light __knowledge__ Grow lights are used in applications where there is either no naturally occurring light, or where supplemental light is required.", "Grow light __knowledge__ For example, in the winter months when the available hours of daylight may be insufficient for the desired plant growth, lights are used to extend the time the plants receive light.", "Grow light __knowledge__ If plants do not receive enough light, they will grow long and spindly.", "Grow light __knowledge__ Grow lights either attempt to provide a light spectrum similar to that of the sun, or to provide a spectrum that is more tailored to the needs of the plants being cultivated.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ It is a form of luminescence.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ In most cases, the emitted light has a longer wavelength, and therefore lower energy, than the absorbed radiation.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ The most striking example of fluorescence occurs when the absorbed radiation is in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, and thus invisible to the human eye, while the emitted light is in the visible region, which gives the fluorescent substance a distinct color that can only be seen when exposed to UV light.", "Fluorescence __knowledge__ Fluorescent materials cease to glow immediately when the radiation source stops, unlike phosphorescence, where they continue to emit light for some time after.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ Metamaterial cloaking is the usage of metamaterials in an invisibility cloak.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ This is accomplished by manipulating the paths traversed by light through a novel optical material.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ Metamaterials direct and control the propagation and transmission of specified parts of the light spectrum and demonstrate the potential to render an object seemingly invisible.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ Metamaterial cloaking, based on transformation optics, describes the process of shielding something from view by controlling electromagnetic radiation.", "Metamaterial cloaking __knowledge__ Objects in the defined location are still present, but incident waves are guided around them without being affected by the object itself.", "Infrared photography __knowledge__ In infrared photography, the film or image sensor used is sensitive to infrared light.", "Infrared photography __knowledge__ The part of the spectrum used is referred to as near-infrared to distinguish it from far-infrared, which is the domain of thermal imaging.", "Infrared photography __knowledge__ Wavelengths used for photography range from about 700 nm to about 900 nm.", "Infrared photography __knowledge__ Film is usually sensitive to visible light too, so an infrared-passing filter is used; this lets infrared (IR) light pass through to the camera, but blocks all or most of the visible light spectrum (the filter thus looks black or deep red).", "Infrared photography __knowledge__ (\"Infrared filter\" may refer either to this type of filter or to one that blocks infrared but passes other wavelengths.)", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ It is a p–n junction diode that emits light when activated.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ When a suitable voltage is applied to the leads, electrons are able to recombine with electron holes within the device, releasing energy in the form of photons.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ This effect is called electroluminescence, and the color of the light (corresponding to the energy of the photon) is determined by the energy band gap of the semiconductor.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ LEDs are typically small (less than 1 mm) and integrated optical components may be used to shape the radiation pattern.", "Light-emitting diode __knowledge__ Appearing as practical electronic components in 1962, the earliest LEDs emitted low-intensity infrared light.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Ultraviolet (UV) is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ UV radiation constitutes about 10% of the total light output of the Sun, and is thus present in sunlight.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ It is also produced by electric arcs and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Although it's not considered an ionizing radiation because its photons lack the energy to ionize atoms, long-wavelength ultraviolet radiation can cause chemical reactions and causes many substances to glow or fluoresce.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Consequently, the chemical and biological effects of UV are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Color vision is the ability of an organism or machine to distinguish objects based on the wavelengths (or frequencies) of the light they reflect, emit, or transmit.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Colors can be measured and quantified in various ways; indeed, a person's perception of colors is a subjective process whereby the brain responds to the stimuli that are produced when incoming light reacts with the several types of cone cells in the eye.", "Color vision __knowledge__ In essence, different people see the same illuminated object or light source in different ways.", "Color vision __knowledge__ Isaac Newton discovered that white light, after being split into its component colours when passed through a dispersive prism, could, by passing them through a different prism, be recombined to make white light." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ On Vision and Colors () is a treatise by Arthur Schopenhauer that was published in May 1816 when the author was 28 years old.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ Schopenhauer had extensive discussions with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe about the poet's \"Theory of Colours\" of 1810, in the months around the turn of the years 1813 and 1814, and basically shared Goethe's views.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ Schopenhauer tried to demonstrate physiologically that color is \"specially modified activity of the retina.\"", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ The initial basis for Schopenhauer's color theory comes from Goethe's chapter on physiological colors, which discusses three principal pairs of contrasting colors: red/green, orange/blue, and yellow/violet.", "Equine vision __knowledge__ The equine eye is the one of the largest of any land mammal.", "Equine vision __knowledge__ Its visual abilities are directly related to the animal's behavior; for example, it is active during both day and night, and it is a prey animal.", "Equine vision __knowledge__ Both the strengths and weaknesses of the horse's visual abilities should be taken into consideration when training the animal, as an understanding of the horse's eye can help to discover why the animal behaves the way it does in various situations.", "Equine vision __knowledge__ The equine eye includes the eyeball and the surrounding muscles and structures, termed the adnexa.", "Equine vision __knowledge__ The eyeball of the horse is not perfectly spherical, but rather is flattened anterior to posterior.", "Racism __knowledge__ Racism is the belief in the superiority of one race over another, which often results in discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity.", "Racism __knowledge__ Today, the use of the term \"racism\" does not easily fall under a single definition.", "Racism __knowledge__ The ideology underlying racist practices often includes the idea that humans can be subdivided into distinct groups that are different due to their social behavior and their innate capacities as well as the idea that they can be ranked as inferior or superior.", "Racism __knowledge__ The Holocaust which led to the genocide of many millions of people based on an ideology of racial hierarchy is a well-known historical example of institutionalized racism, and so is the Apartheid regime in South Africa, slavery and segregation in the US.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ David Allen Stich, a.k.a.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Rockin’ Dave Allen, a.k.a.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Dave Allen, (September 27, 1941 – April 28, 1985) was an American blues guitarist, singer and songwriter.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Allen performed live throughout Texas and the Gulf Coast area from the late 1950s through the early 1980s.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ He recorded for the Jin, Eric, International Artists, Rock-a-Billy and Big Orange record labels for a total of sixteen 45 sides and two vinyl LPs.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Some of this material has also appeared on compact disc anthologies by Ace Records.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Approximately eighty minutes of Allen’s recordings remain unreleased.", "Rockin' Dave Allen __knowledge__ Allen was born in Houston, Texas but his family moved to Franklin, a farming and ranching community in central Texas, just before he started school.", "Achromatopsia __knowledge__ Achromatopsia (ACHM), also known as total color blindness, is a medical syndrome that exhibits symptoms relating to at least five conditions.", "Achromatopsia __knowledge__ The term may refer to acquired conditions such as cerebral achromatopsia, also known as color agnosia, but it typically refers to an autosomal recessive congenital color vision condition, the inability to perceive color and to achieve satisfactory visual acuity at high light levels (typically exterior daylight).", "Achromatopsia __knowledge__ The syndrome is also present in an incomplete form which is more properly defined as dyschromatopsia.", "Achromatopsia __knowledge__ It is estimated to affect 1 in 40,000 live births worldwide.", "Deilephila elpenor __knowledge__ Deilephila elpenor, also known as the elephant hawk moth, is a moth in the \"Sphingdae\" family.", "Deilephila elpenor __knowledge__ Its common name is derived from the caterpillar's resemblance to an elephant's trunk.", "Deilephila elpenor __knowledge__ It is most common in central Europe and is distributed throughout the palearctic region.", "Deilephila elpenor __knowledge__ Its distinct olive and pink coloring makes it one of the most recognizable moths in its range.", "Deilephila elpenor __knowledge__ However, it is quite easy to confuse the elephant hawk moth with the small elephant hawk moth, a closely related species that also shares the characteristic colors.", "Deilephila elpenor __knowledge__ These moths are nocturnal and therefore feed on flowers that open or produce nectar at nighttime.", "Rayleigh scattering __knowledge__ Rayleigh scattering (pronounced ), named after the British physicist Lord Rayleigh (John William Strutt), is the (dominantly) elastic scattering of light or other electromagnetic radiation by particles much smaller than the wavelength of the radiation.", "Rayleigh scattering __knowledge__ Rayleigh scattering does not change the state of material and is, hence, a parametric process.", "Rayleigh scattering __knowledge__ The particles may be individual atoms or molecules.", "Rayleigh scattering __knowledge__ It can occur when light travels through transparent solids and liquids, but is most prominently seen in gases.", "Rayleigh scattering __knowledge__ Rayleigh scattering results from the electric polarizability of the particles.", "Rayleigh scattering __knowledge__ The oscillating electric field of a light wave acts on the charges within a particle, causing them to move at the same frequency.", "Eye color __knowledge__ Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic character determined by two distinct factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris.", "Eye color __knowledge__ In humans, the pigmentation of the iris varies from light brown to black, depending on the concentration of melanin in the iris pigment epithelium (located on the back of the iris), the melanin content within the iris stroma (located at the front of the iris), and the cellular density of the stroma.", "Eye color __knowledge__ The appearance of blue and green, as well as hazel eyes, results from the Tyndall scattering of light in the stroma, a phenomenon similar to that which accounts for the blueness of the sky called Rayleigh scattering.", "Scattering __knowledge__ Scattering is a general physical process where some forms of radiation, such as light, sound, or moving particles, are forced to deviate from a straight trajectory by one or more paths due to localized non-uniformities in the medium through which they pass.", "Scattering __knowledge__ In conventional use, this also includes deviation of reflected radiation from the angle predicted by the law of reflection.", "Scattering __knowledge__ Reflections that undergo scattering are often called \"diffuse reflections\" and unscattered reflections are called \"specular\" (mirror-like) reflections.", "Scattering __knowledge__ Scattering may also refer to particle-particle collisions between molecules, atoms, electrons, photons and other particles.", "Atmospheric optics __knowledge__ Atmospheric optics deals with how the unique optical properties of Earth's atmosphere cause a wide range of spectacular optical phenomena.", "Atmospheric optics __knowledge__ The blue color of the sky is a direct result of Rayleigh scattering, which redirects higher frequency (blue) sunlight back into the field of view of the observer.", "Atmospheric optics __knowledge__ Because blue light is scattered more easily than red light, the Sun takes on a reddish hue when it is observed through a thick atmosphere, as during a sunrise or sunset.", "Atmospheric optics __knowledge__ Additional particulate matter in the sky can scatter different colors at different angles, creating colorful, glowing skies at dusk and dawn.", "Mie scattering __knowledge__ The Mie solution to Maxwell's equations (also known as the Lorenz–Mie solution, the Lorenz–Mie–Debye solution or Mie scattering) describes the scattering of an electromagnetic plane wave by a homogeneous sphere.", "Mie scattering __knowledge__ The solution takes the form of an infinite series of spherical multipole partial waves.", "Mie scattering __knowledge__ It is named after Gustav Mie.", "Mie scattering __knowledge__ The term \"Mie solution\" is also used for solutions of Maxwell's equations for scattering by stratified spheres or by infinite cylinders, or other geometries where one can write separate equations for the radial and angular dependence of solutions.", "Mie scattering __knowledge__ The term \"Mie theory\" is sometimes used for this collection of solutions and methods; it does not refer to an independent physical theory or law.", "Skyglow __knowledge__ Skyglow (or sky glow) is the diffuse luminance of the night sky, apart from discrete light sources such as the Moon and visible individual stars.", "Skyglow __knowledge__ It is a commonly noticed aspect of light pollution.", "Skyglow __knowledge__ While usually referring to sky luminance arising from artificial lighting, skyglow may also involve any nighttime sources of diffuse light, including natural ones like the zodiacal light, starlight, and airglow.", "Skyglow __knowledge__ In the context of light pollution, skyglow arises from the use of artificial light sources, including electrical (or rarely gas) lighting used for illumination and advertisement, and from gas flares." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 8 ]

[ "Its a great color. It is one of the three primary colors.", "I believe Green and Red. Blue lies between green and violet on the visible light spectrum.", "Same here. There is an optical effect called Rayleigh scattering that causes the blue color of the sky and ocean.", "I am glad I am not color blind. Blue was also widely used in decoration and art since the ancient times." ]

[ "Blue", "Blue", "Blue", "Blue" ]

[ "Pizza", "you cannot go wrong with pizza", "it changes, but cheese is always constant", "so there is a dividing line between modern and ancient pizza" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Murphy's law is an adage or epigram that is typically stated as: \"Anything that can go wrong will go wrong\".", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ The perceived perversity of the universe has long been a subject of comment, and precursors to the modern version of Murphy's law are not hard to find.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ The concept may be as old as humanity.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Recent significant research in this area has been conducted by members of the American Dialect Society.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ Society member Stephen Goranson has found a version of the law, not yet generalized or bearing that name, in a report by Alfred Holt at an 1877 meeting of an engineering society.", "Murphy's law __knowledge__ It is found that anything that can go wrong at sea generally does go wrong sooner or later, so it is not to be wondered that owners prefer the safe to the scientific ...", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon Anne Mitchell (also Watts and Rickman) is a fictional character from the BBC One soap opera \"EastEnders\", played by Letitia Dean.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon is one of \"EastEnders\" original characters, appearing in the first episode broadcast on 19 February 1985.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ The character was conceptualised by Tony Holland and Julia Smith, the creators of \"EastEnders\".", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon was a teenager when the programme began: the adoptive daughter of Den and Angie Watts.", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ Sharon remained a prominent character into the 1990s due to romantic pairings with brothers Grant (Ross Kemp) and Phil Mitchell (Steve McFadden).", "Sharon Watts __knowledge__ In a long-running storyline dubbed \"Sharongate\", Sharon, married to Grant, has an affair with Phil.", "Can't Remember to Forget You __knowledge__ \"Can't Remember to Forget You\" is a song recorded by Colombian singer-songwriter Shakira from her fourth English and overall tenth studio album, \"Shakira\", featuring Barbadian singer Rihanna.", "Can't Remember to Forget You __knowledge__ Shakira began planning to new music in 2011; work continued into 2012, at which time she left her previous label Epic Records and joined RCA Records.", "Can't Remember to Forget You __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single of the album on 13 January 2014 through RCA Records and Sony Latin Iberia.", "Can't Remember to Forget You __knowledge__ A solo Spanish-language version of the song, entitled \"Nunca Me Acuerdo de Olvidarte\", was released on 24 January 2014.", "Can't Remember to Forget You __knowledge__ The song was co-written by Shakira, Rihanna, John Hill, Tom \"Kid Harpoon\" Hull, Daniel Alexander, and Erik Hassle, while production was handled by Shakira, Hill, and Hull.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos).", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Acid dissociation constant __knowledge__ An acid dissociation constant, \"K\", (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution.", "Acid dissociation constant __knowledge__ It is the equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction known as dissociation in the context of acid–base reactions.", "Acid dissociation constant __knowledge__ In aqueous solution, the equilibrium of acid dissociation can be written symbolically as: where HA is a generic acid that dissociates into A, known as the conjugate base of the acid and a hydrogen ion which combines with a water molecule to make a hydronium ion.", "Acid dissociation constant __knowledge__ In the example shown in the figure, HA represents acetic acid, and A represents the acetate ion, the conjugate base.", "Stability constants of complexes __knowledge__ A stability constant (formation constant, binding constant) is an equilibrium constant for the formation of a complex in solution.", "Stability constants of complexes __knowledge__ It is a measure of the strength of the interaction between the reagents that come together to form the complex.", "Stability constants of complexes __knowledge__ There are two main kinds of complex: compounds formed by the interaction of a metal ion with a ligand and supramolecular complexes, such as host-guest complexes and complexes of anions.", "Stability constants of complexes __knowledge__ The stability constant(s) provide the information required to calculate the concentration(s) of the complex(es) in solution.", "Stability constants of complexes __knowledge__ There are many areas of application in chemistry, biology and medicine.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Cheese is a food derived from milk that is produced in a wide range of flavors, textures, and forms by coagulation of the milk protein casein.", "Cheese __knowledge__ It comprises proteins and fat from milk, usually the milk of cows, buffalo, goats, or sheep.", "Cheese __knowledge__ During production, the milk is usually acidified, and adding the enzyme rennet causes coagulation.", "Cheese __knowledge__ The solids are separated and pressed into final form.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Some cheeses have molds on the rind, the outer layer, or throughout.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Most cheeses melt at cooking temperature.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Hundreds of types of cheese from various countries are produced.", "Cheese __knowledge__ Their styles, textures and flavors depend on the origin of the milk (including the animal's diet), whether they have been pasteurized, the butterfat content, the bacteria and mold, the processing, and aging.", "Compression ratio __knowledge__ The static compression ratio of an internal combustion engine or external combustion engine is a value that represents the ratio of the volume of its combustion chamber from its largest capacity to its smallest capacity.", "Compression ratio __knowledge__ It is a fundamental specification for many common combustion engines.", "Compression ratio __knowledge__ In a piston engine, it is the ratio between the volume of the cylinder and combustion chamber when the piston is at the bottom of its stroke, and the volume of the combustion chamber when the piston is at the top of its stroke.", "Compression ratio __knowledge__ For example, a cylinder and its combustion chamber with the piston at the bottom of its stroke may contain 1000 cc of air (900 cc in the cylinder plus 100 cc in the combustion chamber).", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Beecher's Handmade Cheese is an artisan cheesemaker and retail shop with locations in the Pike Place Market, Seattle, Washington and New York City's Flatiron District.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ The company was founded by Kurt Beecher Dammeier in 2003 and opened in the Pike Place Market after Dammeier obtained a difficult to obtain storefront lease in the Market.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Because Dammeier had never been a cheesemaker, he sought out the assistance of Brad Sinko, who helped run a family cheese-making business in Oregon.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ A second location was opened in 2011 in the Flatiron neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City.", "Beecher's Handmade Cheese __knowledge__ Unlike most artisan cheese makers, Beecher's mainly uses pasteurized milk and operates a high-volume modern production facility, with multiple farms supplying milk.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Cheeses in Mexico have a history that begins with the Spanish conquest, as dairy products were unknown in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ The Spanish brought dairy animals, such as cattle, sheep, and goats, as well as cheesemaking techniques.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Over the colonial period, cheesemaking was modified to suit the mixed European and indigenous tastes of the inhabitants of New Spain, varying by region.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ This blending and variations have given rise to a number of varieties of Mexican cheeses.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ These are most popular in the country, although European cheeses are made, as well.", "Cheeses of Mexico __knowledge__ Almost all cheese in Mexico is made with cows’ milk, with some made from goats’ milk.", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ Who Moved My Cheese?", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life, published on September 8, 1998, is a motivational business fable.", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ The text describes change in one's work and life, and four typical reactions to those changes by two mice and two \"little people,\" during their hunt for cheese.", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ A \"New York Times\" business bestseller upon release, \"Who Moved My Cheese?\"", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ remained on the list for almost five years and spent over 200 weeks on \"Publishers Weekly\"'s hardcover nonfiction list.", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ It has sold more than 26 million copies worldwide in 37 languages and remains one of the best-selling business books.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Nachos __knowledge__ Nachos are a Mexican dish from northern Mexico.", "Nachos __knowledge__ The dish consists of tortilla chips (or \"totopos\") covered with cheese or cheese-based sauce, and is often served as a snack.", "Nachos __knowledge__ More elaborate versions add more ingredients and can be served as a main dish.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Ignacio \"Nacho\" Anaya is credited with creating the dish in about 1943.", "Nachos __knowledge__ The original nachos consisted of fried corn tortillas covered with melted cheese and sliced jalapeño peppers.", "Nachos __knowledge__ Nachos originated in the city of Piedras Negras, Coahuila, Mexico, just over the border from Eagle Pass, Texas.", "Nachos __knowledge__ In 1943, the wives of U.S. soldiers stationed at Fort Duncan in nearby Eagle Pass were in Piedras Negras on a shopping trip, and arrived at the restaurant after it had already closed for the day.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ This is a list of \"VeggieTales\" original videos.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ Where's God When I'm S-Scared?", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ was initially released on December 21, 1993 on VHS and was distributed by Word Entertainment on March 1, 1994.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ It features two stories about what to do when you are afraid.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ In the first segment, \"Tales from the Crisper\", Junior Asparagus is watching a scary movie before being told by his mother that he needs to go to bed.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ However, the movie has made him afraid and after imagining that his family in a portrait were frankenstein monsters, Bob and Larry drop in to help.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ After some discussion, the pair comfort Junior in song about how he does not need to be afraid because God is watching out for him and He is bigger than anything.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Metalloid __knowledge__ A metalloid is any chemical element which has properties in between those of metals and nonmetals, or that has a mixture of them.", "Metalloid __knowledge__ There is neither a standard definition of a metalloid nor complete agreement on the elements appropriately classified as such.", "Metalloid __knowledge__ Despite the lack of specificity, the term remains in use in the literature of chemistry.", "Metalloid __knowledge__ The six commonly recognised metalloids are boron, silicon, germanium, arsenic, antimony, and tellurium.", "Metalloid __knowledge__ Five elements are less frequently so classified: carbon, aluminium, selenium, polonium, and astatine.", "Metalloid __knowledge__ On a standard periodic table, all eleven are in a diagonal area in the p-block extending from boron at the upper left to astatine at lower right, along the dividing line between metals and nonmetals shown on some periodic tables.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This is an index of characters and mecha in the anime and manga \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar\" and \"The King of Braves GaoGaiGar FINAL\".", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ A brave man with tremendous courage and enthusiasm, and the strength to never give up for the sake of life—even at the possible cost of his own.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ Former astronaut and test pilot for the Space Development Corporation.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ In 2003, he had been in orbit testing an experimental space shuttle when an extraterrestrial object (later classified as EI-01) suddenly appeared in his flight path, smashing his shuttle out of the way.", "List of The King of Braves GaoGaiGar characters __knowledge__ This left the shuttle disabled and Guy himself in a near-death state.", "Dividing line between metals and nonmetals __knowledge__ The dividing line between metals and nonmetals can be found, in varying configurations, on some representations of the periodic table of the elements (see mini-example, right).", "Dividing line between metals and nonmetals __knowledge__ Elements to the lower left of the line generally display increasing metallic behaviour; elements to the upper right display increasing nonmetallic behaviour.", "Dividing line between metals and nonmetals __knowledge__ When presented as a regular stair-step, elements with the highest critical temperature for their groups (Li, Be, Al, Ge, Sb, Po) lie just below the line.", "Dividing line between metals and nonmetals __knowledge__ This line has been called the \"amphoteric line,\" the \"metal-nonmetal line,\" the \"metalloid line,\" the \"semimetal line,\" or the \"staircase.\"", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples (; , Neapolitan: \"Napule\" or ; ; , meaning \"new city\") is the capital of the Italian region Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.", "Naples __knowledge__ In 2015, around 975,260 people lived within the city's administrative limits.", "Naples __knowledge__ The Metropolitan City of Naples had a population of 3,115,320.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is the 9th-most populous urban area in the European Union with a population of between 3 million and 3.7 million.", "Naples __knowledge__ About 4.4 million people live in the Naples metropolitan area, the second in Italy after Milan and one of the largest metropolises on the Mediterranean Sea.", "Naples __knowledge__ Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ Faith No More (sometimes abbreviated as FNM) is an American rock band from San Francisco, California, formed in 1979.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ Before settling on their current name in 1982, the band performed under the names Sharp Young Men and later Faith No Man.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ Bassist Billy Gould and drummer Mike Bordin are the longest remaining members of the band, having been involved with Faith No More since its inception.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ The band underwent several lineup changes early in their career, along with some major changes later on.", "Faith No More __knowledge__ The current lineup of Faith No More consists of Gould, Bordin, keyboardist Roddy Bottum, guitarist Jon Hudson and vocalist/lyricist Mike Patton.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 3 ]

[ "I just ate the traditional Italian dish that we all love....tomato sauce and cheese on a crust...you guessed it! Pizza!", "That is so true. I love less cheese and tons of veggies....every single one you can think of. What toppings do you like?", "I hear ya. I would love to travel to Naples, Italy where the modern pizza was invented and taste the real thing one day!", "Yes, pizza has been around longer than that, well, at least the term \"pizza\" and was first recorded in a manuscript in the 10th century. Still in a town in Italy named Gaeta." ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Hindu\nDo you liek the Hindu language?", "Yes. I think it is a language. Maybe it's called hindi or something. It's culture is from India I believe.", "Interesting. Do you want to visit asia anytime soon?", "Interesting. I don't know much about islam as a christian. I'm open to learning tohugh." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hindu __knowledge__ Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.", "Hindu __knowledge__ It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical meaning of the term \"Hindu\" has evolved with time.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent around or beyond the Sindhu (Indus) river.", "Hindu __knowledge__ By the 16th century, the term began to refer to residents of the subcontinent who were not Turkic or Muslims.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical development of Hindu self-identity within the local South Asian population, in a religious or cultural sense, is unclear.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Competing theories state that Hindu identity developed in the British colonial era, or that it developed post-8th century CE after the Islamic invasion and medieval Hindu-Muslim wars.", "Hindu __knowledge__ A sense of Hindu identity and the term \"Hindu\" appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and regional languages.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir and Eknath used the phrase \"Hindu dharma\" (Hinduism) and contrasted it with \"Turaka dharma\" (Islam).", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanabaing of Burma (, also spelt Thathanapaing) served as the head of the Buddhist Sangha (order of monks) in pre-colonial Burma, until its abolishment in 1938 by the British authorities in colonial Burma.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanapaing was responsible for managing the monastic hierarchy and education at monasteries.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ The Thathanabaing resided in a royal monastery near the kingdom's capital.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ However, appointees were usually commoners born in the villages, with no blood relationship with the royal house.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ Their appointments were made on the basis of their mastery of Buddhist knowledge and literature.", "Thathanabaing of Burma __knowledge__ \"Thathanabaing\", literally 'Keeper of the Sāsana', is the native Burmese rendition of Sangharaja, or formally \"Mahasangharaja\" (), which is typically rendered into English as 'Primate', 'Archbishop' or 'Supreme Patriarch.'", "Taunggwin Sayadaw __knowledge__ The Taunggwin Sayadaw U Visuddha Silacaraha () was the last Buddhist monk to hold the office as Thathanabaing of Burma.", "Taunggwin Sayadaw __knowledge__ The office was abolished after his death in 1938 and no successor was ever appointed.", "Taunggwin Sayadaw __knowledge__ Visuddha was born Maung Hlut () on 13 November 1844 in Amarapura to a prominent Burmese family.", "Taunggwin Sayadaw __knowledge__ His father, U Po, was a Burmese official and son of a \"Sitke\" (Deputy Commander-in-Chief), while his mother Me Shwe Wa, was the daughter of a high-ranking minister, the Kyauksauk Mingyi, Maha Thihathu.", "Taunggwin Sayadaw __knowledge__ Visuddha's father died when he was three years of age and at the age of 9, he entered monastic life as a pupil, under the tutelage of U Adicca.", "Islam in Indonesia __knowledge__ Islam is the most adhered religion in Indonesia, with 87.2% of Indonesian population identifying themselves as Muslim in 2010 estimate.", "Islam in Indonesia __knowledge__ Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world, with approximately 225 million Muslims.", "Islam in Indonesia __knowledge__ In terms of denomination, absolute majority adheres to Sunni Islam, while there are around one million Shias (0.5%), who are concentrated around Jakarta, and about 400,000 Ahmadi Muslims (0.2%).", "Islam in Indonesia __knowledge__ In terms of Islamic schools of jurisprudence, based on demographic statistics, 99% of Indonesian Muslims mainly follow the Shafi'i school, although when asked, 56% does not adhere to any specific school.", "International Street __knowledge__ International Street is a themed area at Canada's Wonderland theme park in Vaughan, Ontario.", "International Street __knowledge__ Similar to the Main Street, U.S.A. sections of Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, it acts as an entrance way to the park.", "International Street __knowledge__ The street ends at Wonder Mountain, a visual landmark for navigating through much of the park.", "International Street __knowledge__ A similar format is used in Kings Island and Kings Dominion theme parks, albeit with a replica of the Eiffel Tower at the end in both parks.", "International Street __knowledge__ In each instance, the International Street section was created while the park was owned by Kings Entertainment Company, then transferred to Paramount Parks, and finally to the current owners, Cedar Fair Entertainment Company.", "U Dhammaloka __knowledge__ U Dhammaloka (; c. 1856 – c. 1914) was an Irish-born migrant worker turned Buddhist monk, atheist critic of Christian missionaries, and temperance campaigner who took an active role in the Asian Buddhist revival around the turn of the twentieth century.", "U Dhammaloka __knowledge__ Dhammaloka was ordained in Burma prior to 1900, making him one of the earliest attested western Buddhist monks in modern times.", "U Dhammaloka __knowledge__ He was a celebrity preacher, vigorous polemicist and prolific editor in Burma and Singapore between 1900 and his conviction for sedition and appeal in 1910–1911.", "U Dhammaloka __knowledge__ Drawing on western atheist writings, he publicly challenged the role of Christian missionaries and by implication the British empire.", "Taiktaw Monastery __knowledge__ Taiktaw Monastery () was a royal Buddhist monastery in Mandalay, Burma, known for its bold wooden carvings.", "Taiktaw Monastery __knowledge__ The central building was the residence of the Thathanabaing, and the posts were taken from the Amarapura Palace.", "Taiktaw Monastery __knowledge__ It was built by King Mindon Min in 1859, and was used under the Burmese monarchy as the official residence of the Thathanabaing.", "Taiktaw Monastery __knowledge__ Taiktaw Monastery was located close to the eastern gate into Mandalay Palace.", "Thudhamma Nikaya __knowledge__ Thudhamma Nikaya (, ; also spelt Sudhamma Nikaya) is the largest monastic order of monks in Burma, with 85-90% of Burmese monks (250,000) belonging to this order.", "Thudhamma Nikaya __knowledge__ It is one of 9 legally sanctioned monastic orders (nikaya) in the country, under the 1990 Law Concerning Sangha Organizations.", "Thudhamma Nikaya __knowledge__ Thudhamma is considered a more pragmatic order than the Shwegyin Nikaya, with looser rules regarding Vinaya regulations and is less hierarchical than the former.", "Thudhamma Nikaya __knowledge__ Like all the major orders in Burma, Thudhamma Nikaya prohibits monks from engaging in political activity.", "Thudhamma Nikaya __knowledge__ Thudhamma Nikaya was founded in the late 18th century by King Bodawpaya, after a series of Sangha reforms by prior Konbaung kings to purify and unite the Sangha." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hindu __knowledge__ Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.", "Hindu __knowledge__ It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical meaning of the term \"Hindu\" has evolved with time.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent around or beyond the Sindhu (Indus) river.", "Hindu __knowledge__ By the 16th century, the term began to refer to residents of the subcontinent who were not Turkic or Muslims.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical development of Hindu self-identity within the local South Asian population, in a religious or cultural sense, is unclear.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Competing theories state that Hindu identity developed in the British colonial era, or that it developed post-8th century CE after the Islamic invasion and medieval Hindu-Muslim wars.", "Hindu __knowledge__ A sense of Hindu identity and the term \"Hindu\" appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and regional languages.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir and Eknath used the phrase \"Hindu dharma\" (Hinduism) and contrasted it with \"Turaka dharma\" (Islam).", "Hindi Belt __knowledge__ The Hindi Belt or Hindi Heartland, sometimes referred to as the Hindi-Urdu Belt, is a linguistic region in north-central India where Hindi(including its dialects) and Urdu are widely spoken.", "Hindi Belt __knowledge__ It is sometimes also used to refer to those Indian states whose official language is Hindi and have a Hindi-speaking majority, namely Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh.", "Hindi Belt __knowledge__ Hindi, in the broad sense, is that part of the Indo-Aryan dialect continuum that lies within the cultural Hindi Belt in the northern plains of India.", "Hindi Belt __knowledge__ In the words of Masica (1991), \"these [languages] are the so-called regional languages of the Hindi area, sometimes less accurately called Hindi \"dialects\"\".", "List of diglossic regions __knowledge__ Diglossia refers to the use of a language community of two languages or dialects, a \"high\" or \"H\" variety restricted to certain formal situations, and a \"low\" or \"L\" variety for everyday interaction.", "List of diglossic regions __knowledge__ This page contains a list of nations, cultures, or other communities which sources describe as featuring a diglossic language situation.", "List of diglossic regions __knowledge__ In the United States, Standard English is considered H while AAVE is considered L. Its pronunciation is, in some respects, common to Southern American English, which is spoken by many African Americans and many non-African Americans in the United States.", "List of diglossic regions __knowledge__ Several creolists, including William Stewart, John Dillard, and John Rickford, argue that AAVE shares so many characteristics with creole dialects spoken by black people in much of the world that AAVE itself is a creole, while others maintain that there are no significant parallels.", "Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ The Anti-Hindi imposition agitations of Tamil Nadu were a series of agitations that happened in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu (formerly Madras State and part of Madras Presidency) during both pre- and post-Independence periods.", "Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ The agitations involved several mass protests, riots, student and political movements in Tamil Nadu concerning the official status of Hindi in the state.", "Anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu __knowledge__ The first anti-Hindi imposition agitation was launched in 1937, in opposition to the introduction of compulsory teaching of Hindi in the schools of Madras Presidency by the first Indian National Congress government led by C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji).", "Languages of India __knowledge__ Languages spoken in India belong to several language families, the major ones being the Indo-Aryan languages spoken by 75% of Indians and the Dravidian languages spoken by 20% of Indians.", "Languages of India __knowledge__ Other languages belong to the Austroasiatic, Sino-Tibetan, Tai-Kadai, and a few other minor language families and isolates.", "Languages of India __knowledge__ India (780) has the world's second highest number of languages, after Papua New Guinea (839).", "Languages of India __knowledge__ Article 343 of the Indian constitution states that the official language of the Union government shall become Hindi in Devanagari script instead of the extant English, but is superseded by English subsequently too as mentioned in section 3 of the same constitutional article that is put to effect by .", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Bollywood, formally known as Hindi cinema, is the Indian Hindi language film industry, based in the city of Mumbai (formerly Bombay), Maharashtra, India.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Bollywood is part of the larger cinema of India (also known as Indywood), which includes other production centers producing films in other Indian languages.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Linguistically, Bollywood films tend to use a colloquial dialect of Hindi-Urdu, or Hindustani, mutually intelligible to both Hindi and Urdu speakers, while modern Bollywood films also increasingly incorporate elements of Hinglish.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Indian cinema is the world's largest film industry in terms of film production, with an annual output of 1,986 feature films as of 2017, and Bollywood is its largest film producer, with 364 Hindi films produced annually as of 2017.", "Theatre of India __knowledge__ The earliest form of the theatre of India was the Sanskrit theatre.", "Theatre of India __knowledge__ It emerged by the 2nd century BCE and flourished between the 1st century CE and the 10th, which was a period of relative peace in the history of India during which hundreds of plays were written.", "Theatre of India __knowledge__ With the Islamic conquests that began in the 10th and 11th centuries, theatre was discouraged or forbidden entirely.", "Theatre of India __knowledge__ Later, in an attempt to re-assert indigenous values and ideas, village theatre was encouraged across the subcontinent, developing in a large number of regional languages from the 15th to the 19th centuries.", "Theatre of India __knowledge__ Modern Indian theatre developed during the period of colonial rule under the British Empire, from the mid-19th century until the mid-20th.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Mahātmā Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: \"high-souled\", \"venerable\")—applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa—is now used worldwide.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ In India, he is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for \"father\", \"papa\") and Gandhi ji.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ He is unofficially called the \"Father of the Nation.\"", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Born and raised in a Hindu merchant caste family in coastal Gujarat, western India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, Gandhi first employed nonviolent civil disobedience as an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, in the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent, most of whom live in modern-day India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ It has thus been called the \"oldest living religion\" in the world.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder or source.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development, with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ The relationship between religion and science has been a subject of study since classical antiquity, addressed by philosophers, theologians, scientists, and others.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Perspectives from different geographical regions, cultures and historical epochs are diverse, with some characterizing the relationship as one of conflict, others describing it as one of harmony, and others proposing little interaction.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Both science and religion are complex social and cultural endeavors that vary across cultures and have changed over time.", "Relationship between religion and science __knowledge__ Most scientific and technical innovations prior to the scientific revolution were achieved by societies organized by religious traditions.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism is an Indian Dharma, or a way of life, widely practiced in South Asia.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Hinduism has been called the oldest religion in the world, and some practitioners and scholars refer to it as \"\", \"the eternal tradition,\" or the \"eternal way,\" beyond human history.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a fusion or synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no founder.", "Hinduism __knowledge__ This \"Hindu synthesis\" started to develop between 500 BCE and 300 CE, following the Vedic period (1500 BCE to 500 BCE).", "Hinduism __knowledge__ Although Hinduism contains a broad range of philosophies, it is linked by shared concepts, recognisable rituals, cosmology, shared textual resources, and pilgrimage to sacred sites.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "History of India __knowledge__ The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than three millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dominions during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders and privateers, resulting in the establishment of British India; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ The culture of India refers collectively to the thousands of distinct and unique cultures of all religions and communities present in India.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ India's languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, food, and customs differs from place to place within the country.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ The Indian culture, often labeled as an amalgamation of several cultures, spans across the Indian subcontinent and has been influenced by a history that is several millenniums old.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ Many elements of India's diverse cultures, such as Indian religions, Indian philosophy and Indian cuisine, have a profound impact across the world.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ India has 29 states with different culture and civilizations and one of the most populated countries in the world." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hindu __knowledge__ Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.", "Hindu __knowledge__ It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical meaning of the term \"Hindu\" has evolved with time.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent around or beyond the Sindhu (Indus) river.", "Hindu __knowledge__ By the 16th century, the term began to refer to residents of the subcontinent who were not Turkic or Muslims.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical development of Hindu self-identity within the local South Asian population, in a religious or cultural sense, is unclear.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Competing theories state that Hindu identity developed in the British colonial era, or that it developed post-8th century CE after the Islamic invasion and medieval Hindu-Muslim wars.", "Hindu __knowledge__ A sense of Hindu identity and the term \"Hindu\" appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and regional languages.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir and Eknath used the phrase \"Hindu dharma\" (Hinduism) and contrasted it with \"Turaka dharma\" (Islam).", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Count Joseph Arthur de Gobineau (14 July 1816 – 13 October 1882) was a French aristocrat who was best known by his contemporaries as a novelist, diplomat and travel writer but is today most remembered for developing the theory of the Aryan master race and helping to legitimise racism by scientific racist theory and \"racial demography\".", "Arthur de Gobineau __knowledge__ Gobineau was an elitist who, in the immediate aftermath of the Revolutions of 1848, wrote a 1400-page book, \"An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races\", in which he claimed that aristocrats were superior to commoners and that they possessed more Aryan genetic traits because of less interbreeding with inferior races (Alpines and Mediterraneans).", "Anytime You Need a Friend __knowledge__ \"Anytime You Need a Friend\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey.", "Anytime You Need a Friend __knowledge__ The song was written and produced by Carey and Walter Afanasieff, for her third studio album, \"Music Box\" (1993).", "Anytime You Need a Friend __knowledge__ It was released on May 31, 1994 through Columbia Records, as the fifth and final single from the album.", "Anytime You Need a Friend __knowledge__ The song is influenced by pop, R&B and gospel music genres.", "Anytime You Need a Friend __knowledge__ While the album focused heavily on pop oriented and radio friendly material, \"Anytime You Need a Friend\" deviated from the formula, finishing as the only gospel-infused song on \"Music Box\".", "Anytime You Need a Friend __knowledge__ Lyrically, the song's protagonist tells her love interest that anytime he may need a friend, she will be there unconditionally for him.", "Potential superpowers __knowledge__ A potential superpower is a state or a political and economic entity that is speculated to be – or to have the potential to soon become – a superpower.", "Potential superpowers __knowledge__ Currently, only the United States fulfills the criteria to be considered a superpower.", "Potential superpowers __knowledge__ The European Union and the emerging BRIC economies comprising Brazil, Russia, India and China are most commonly described as being potential superpowers.", "Potential superpowers __knowledge__ Collectively these potential superpowers, as well as the United States, comprise 68.0% of global nominal GDP, 62.4% of global GDP (PPP), more than one third of the total land area and more than 50% of the world's population.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ Israel joined the United Nations on 11 May 1949.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ Israel maintains diplomatic ties with 159 countries as of March 2017.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ Israel maintains full diplomatic relations and open borders with two of its Arab neighbours, Egypt and Jordan, after signing peace treaties in 1979 and 1994 respectively.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ The close friendship with the United States has been the linchpin of Israeli foreign policy for decades.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ From the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948 until the Iranian Revolution and the fall of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979, Israel and Iran maintained close ties.", "Foreign relations of Israel __knowledge__ Iran was the second Muslim-majority country to recognize Israel as a sovereign nation after Turkey.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ Existential risk from artificial general intelligence is the theory that substantial progress in artificial intelligence (AI) could someday result in human extinction or some other unrecoverable global catastrophe.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ One argument is as follows.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ The human species currently dominates other species because the human brain has some distinctive capabilities that the brains of other animals lack.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ If AI surpasses humanity in general intelligence and becomes \"superintelligent\", then this new superintelligence could become powerful and difficult to control.", "Existential risk from artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ Just as the fate of the mountain gorilla depends on human goodwill, so might the fate of humanity depend on the actions of a future machine superintelligence.", "I'd Have You Anytime __knowledge__ \"I'd Have You Anytime\" is a song written by George Harrison and Bob Dylan, released in 1970 as the opening track of Harrison's first post-Beatles solo album, \"All Things Must Pass\".", "I'd Have You Anytime __knowledge__ The pair wrote the song at Dylan's home in Bearsville, near Woodstock in upstate New York, in November 1968.", "I'd Have You Anytime __knowledge__ Its creation occurred during a period when Harrison had outgrown his role in the Beatles and Dylan had withdrawn from the pressures of fame to raise a family.", "I'd Have You Anytime __knowledge__ \"I'd Have You Anytime\" is recognised as a statement of friendship between the two musicians, whose meetings from 1964 onwards resulted in changes in musical direction for both Dylan and the Beatles.", "The Saturdays __knowledge__ The Saturdays (commonly abbreviated as The Sats) are a British-Irish girl group based in London, England.", "The Saturdays __knowledge__ The group formed during the summer of 2007 and have been on hiatus since 2014.", "The Saturdays __knowledge__ The line up consisted of Frankie Bridge, Una Healy, Rochelle Humes, Mollie King and Vanessa White.", "The Saturdays __knowledge__ They were formed through Fascination Records, who gave them an instant record deal with the label as well as a sub-division of Polydor Records.", "The Saturdays __knowledge__ As soon as the contract was finalised The Saturdays went on tour with Girls Aloud during their Tangled Up Tour.", "The Saturdays __knowledge__ The group's music style is pop, however throughout their career their management have experimented with dance-pop and electropop.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Mahātmā Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: \"high-souled\", \"venerable\")—applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa—is now used worldwide.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ In India, he is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for \"father\", \"papa\") and Gandhi ji.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ He is unofficially called the \"Father of the Nation.\"", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Born and raised in a Hindu merchant caste family in coastal Gujarat, western India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, Gandhi first employed nonviolent civil disobedience as an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, in the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ History of Hinduism denotes a wide variety of related Hindu denominations native to the Indian Subcontinent, most of whom live in modern-day India, Nepal, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Adherents are also found in the Indonesian island of Bali.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Its history overlaps or coincides with the development of Indian religions since Iron Age India.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ It has thus been called the \"oldest living religion\" in the world.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ Scholars regard Hinduism as a synthesis of various Indian cultures and traditions, with diverse roots and no single founder or source.", "History of Hinduism __knowledge__ The history of Hinduism is often divided into periods of development, with the first period being that of the historical Vedic religion dated from about 1900 BCE to 1400 BCE.", "Hindu temple __knowledge__ A Hindu temple is a symbolic house, seat and body of god.", "Hindu temple __knowledge__ It is a structure designed to bring human beings and gods together, using symbolism to express the ideas and beliefs of Hinduism.", "Hindu temple __knowledge__ The symbolism and structure of a Hindu temple are rooted in Vedic traditions, deploying circles and squares.", "Hindu temple __knowledge__ A temple incorporates all elements of Hindu cosmos—presenting the good, the evil and the human, as well as the elements of Hindu sense of cyclic time and the essence of life—symbolically presenting dharma, kama, artha, moksa, and karma.", "Hindu temple __knowledge__ The spiritual principles symbolically represented in Hindu temples are given in the ancient Sanskrit texts of India (for example, Vedas and Upanishads), while their structural rules are described in various ancient Sanskrit treatises on architecture (Brhat Samhita, Vastu Sastras).", "Jainism __knowledge__ Jainism (), traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.", "Jainism __knowledge__ Followers of Jainism are called \"Jains\", a word derived from the Sanskrit word \"jina\" (victor) and connoting the path of victory in crossing over life's stream of rebirths through an ethical and spiritual life.", "Jainism __knowledge__ Jains trace their history through a succession of twenty-four victorious saviors and teachers known as Tirthankaras, with the first being Rishabhanatha, who is believed to have lived millions of years ago, and twenty-fourth being the Mahavira around 500 BCE.", "Jainism __knowledge__ Jains believe that Jainism is an eternal \"dharma\" with the Tirthankaras guiding every cycle of the Jain cosmology.", "History of India __knowledge__ The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than three millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dominions during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders and privateers, resulting in the establishment of British India; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ The languages of the Indian subcontinent are divided into various language families, of which the Indo-Iranian and the Dravidian languages are the most widely spoken.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ There are also many languages belonging to unrelated language families such as Sino-Tibetan, spoken by smaller groups.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ Linguistic records begin with the appearance of the Brāhmī script from about the 3rd century BCE.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ Proto-Indo-Aryan is a proto-language hypothesized to have been the direct ancestor of all Indo-Aryan languages.", "Linguistic history of the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ It would have had similarities to Proto-Indo-Iranian, but would ultimately have used Sanskritized phonemes and morphemes.", "Mantra __knowledge__ A \"mantra\" ( (Sanskrit: मन्त्र);) is a sacred utterance, a numinous sound, a syllable, word or phonemes, or group of words in Sanskrit believed by practitioners to have psychological and spiritual powers.", "Mantra __knowledge__ Mantra meditation helps to induce an altered state of consciousness.", "Mantra __knowledge__ A mantra may or may not have a syntactic structure or literal meaning.", "Mantra __knowledge__ The earliest mantras were composed in Vedic Sanskrit by Hindus in India, and are at least 3000 years old.", "Mantra __knowledge__ Mantras now exist in various schools of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism.", "Mantra __knowledge__ In Japanese Shingon tradition, the word \"Shingon\" means mantra.", "Mantra __knowledge__ Similar hymns, chants, compositions, and concepts are found in Zoroastrianism, Taoism, Christianity, and elsewhere." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hindu __knowledge__ Hindu () refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.", "Hindu __knowledge__ It has historically been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for people indigenous to South Asia.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical meaning of the term \"Hindu\" has evolved with time.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Starting with the Persian and Greek references to the land of the Indus in the 1st millennium BCE through the texts of the medieval era, the term Hindu implied a geographic, ethnic or cultural identifier for people living in the Indian subcontinent around or beyond the Sindhu (Indus) river.", "Hindu __knowledge__ By the 16th century, the term began to refer to residents of the subcontinent who were not Turkic or Muslims.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The historical development of Hindu self-identity within the local South Asian population, in a religious or cultural sense, is unclear.", "Hindu __knowledge__ Competing theories state that Hindu identity developed in the British colonial era, or that it developed post-8th century CE after the Islamic invasion and medieval Hindu-Muslim wars.", "Hindu __knowledge__ A sense of Hindu identity and the term \"Hindu\" appears in some texts dated between the 13th and 18th century in Sanskrit and regional languages.", "Hindu __knowledge__ The 14th- and 18th-century Indian poets such as Vidyapati, Kabir and Eknath used the phrase \"Hindu dharma\" (Hinduism) and contrasted it with \"Turaka dharma\" (Islam).", "Apostasy in Islam __knowledge__ Apostasy in Islam ( ' or ') is commonly defined as the conscious abandonment of Islam by a Muslim in word or through deed.", "Apostasy in Islam __knowledge__ It includes the act of converting to another religion or rejection of faith to be irreligious, by a person who was born in a Muslim family or who had previously accepted Islam.", "Apostasy in Islam __knowledge__ The definition of apostasy from Islam, and whether and how it should be punished are matters of controversy – Islamic scholars differ in their opinions on these questions.", "Apostasy in Islam __knowledge__ Apostasy in Islam includes within its scope not only the wilful renunciation of Islam by a Muslim through a declaration of renunciation of the Islamic faith (whether for another religion or irreligiosity), or (in the absence of a declaration) by specific deed of undergoing the rites of conversion into another religion, but also even denying, or merely questioning, any \"fundamental tenet or creed\" of Islam, such as the divinity of God, prophethood of Muhammad, or mocking God, or worshipping one or more idols.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Mahātmā Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: \"high-souled\", \"venerable\")—applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa—is now used worldwide.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ In India, he is also called Bapu (Gujarati: endearment for \"father\", \"papa\") and Gandhi ji.", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ He is unofficially called the \"Father of the Nation.\"", "Mahatma Gandhi __knowledge__ Born and raised in a Hindu merchant caste family in coastal Gujarat, western India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, Gandhi first employed nonviolent civil disobedience as an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, in the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights.", "Criticism of Islamism __knowledge__ The ideas and practices of the leaders, preachers, and movements of the Islamic revival movement known as Islamism (also known as Political Islam), have been criticized by Muslims (often Islamic modernists and liberals) and non-Muslims.", "Criticism of Islamism __knowledge__ Among those authors and scholars who have criticized Islamism, or some element of it, include Maajid Nawaz, Reza Aslan, Abdelwahab Meddeb, Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi, Khaled Abu al-Fadl, Gilles Kepel, Matthias Küntzel, Joseph E. B. Lumbard, and Olivier Roy.", "Criticism of Islamism __knowledge__ Among the tenets of the Islamist movement that have come under criticism include: restrictions on freedom of expression to prevent apostasy from and insults to Islam; that Islam is not only a religion but a governing system; that historical Sharia, or Islamic law, is one, universal system of law, accessible to humanity, and necessary to enforcement for Islam to be truly practiced.", "Criticism of Islam __knowledge__ Criticism of Islam has existed since its formative stages.", "Criticism of Islam __knowledge__ Early written criticism came from Christians, before the ninth century, many of whom viewed Islam as a radical Christian heresy, as well as by Ex-Muslim Atheists/Agnostics such as Ibn al-Rawandi.", "Criticism of Islam __knowledge__ Later the Muslim world itself suffered criticism.", "Criticism of Islam __knowledge__ Criticism of Islam in the West was renewed after the September 11 attacks and other terrorist attacks in the early 21st century.", "Criticism of Islam __knowledge__ Objects of criticism include the morality of the life of Muhammad, the last prophet according to Islam, both in his public and personal life.", "Criticism of Islam __knowledge__ Issues relating to the authenticity and morality of the Quran, the Islamic holy book, are also discussed by critics.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ The recorded history of the area now known as Xinjiang dates to the 2nd millennium BC.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ There have been many empires, primarily Han Chinese, Turkic, and Mongol, that have ruled over the region, including the Yuezhi, Xiongnu, Han dynasty, Gaochang, Kingdom of Khotan, Sixteen Kingdoms of the Jin dynasty (Former Liang, Former Qin, Later Liang, and Western Liang), Turkic Khaganate, Tang dynasty, Tibetan Empire, Uyghur Khaganate, Kara-Khanid Khanate, Kingdom of Qocho, Qara Khitai, Mongol Empire, Yuan dynasty, Chagatai Khanate, Yarkent Khanate, Dzungar Khanate, and Qing dynasty.", "History of Xinjiang __knowledge__ Xinjiang was previously known as \"Xiyu\" (西域), under the Han dynasty, which drove the Xiongnu empire out of the region in 60 BCE in an effort to secure the profitable Silk Road, but was renamed Xinjiang (新疆, meaning \"new frontier\") when the region was reconquered by the Manchu-led Qing dynasty in 1759.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire.", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ Petrus Alphonsi was a Jewish Spanish physician, writer, astronomer, and polemicist, who converted to Christianity in 1106.", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ He is also known just as Alphonsi, and as Peter Alfonsi or Peter Alphonso and was born Moses Sephardi).", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ Born in Islamic Spain, he mostly lived in England and France after his conversion.", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ He was born at an unknown date and place in the 11th century in Spain, and educated in al-Andalus, or Islamic Spain, largely the same as modern Andalucia.", "Petrus Alphonsi __knowledge__ As he describes himself, he was baptised at Huesca, capital of the Kingdom of Aragon, on St. Peter's Day, 29 June 1106, when he was probably approaching middle age; this is the first clear date we have in his biography.", "History of India __knowledge__ The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than three millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dominions during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders and privateers, resulting in the establishment of British India; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, abbreviated as RSS (Rāṣṭrīya Svayamsēvaka Saṅgha; IPA: , lit.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ \"National Volunteer Organisation\" or \"National Patriotic Organisation\"), is an Indian right-wing, Hindu nationalist, paramilitary volunteer organisation that is widely regarded as the parent organisation of the ruling party of India, the Bharatiya Janata Party.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ The RSS is one of the principal organizations of the Sangh Parivar group.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ Founded on 27 September 1925, it claimed a commitment to selfless service to India.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ The organisation is the world's largest voluntary missionary organization.", "Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh __knowledge__ The initial impetus was to provide character training through Hindu discipline and to unite the Hindu community to form a Hindu Rashtra (Hindu nation).", "History of Islam __knowledge__ The history of Islam concerns the political, economic, social, and cultural developments of the Islamic civilization.", "History of Islam __knowledge__ Despite concerns about the reliability of early sources, most historians believe that Islam originated in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century.", "History of Islam __knowledge__ Muslims however believe that it did not start with Muhammad, but that it was the original faith of others whom they regard as Prophets, such as Jesus, David, Moses, Abraham, Noah and Adam.", "History of Islam __knowledge__ In 610 CE, Muhammad began receiving what Muslims consider to be divine revelations.", "History of Islam __knowledge__ Muhammad's message won over a handful of followers and was met with increasing opposition from notables of Mecca.", "Muhammad Ali Jinnah __knowledge__ Muhammad Ali Jinnah (born Mahomedali Jinnahbhai; 25 December 1876 11 September 1948) was a lawyer, a politician, and the founder of Pakistan.", "Muhammad Ali Jinnah __knowledge__ Jinnah served as the leader of the All-India Muslim League from 1913 until Pakistan's independence on 14 August 1947, and then as Pakistan's first Governor-General until his death.", "Muhammad Ali Jinnah __knowledge__ He is revered in Pakistan as \"Quaid-i-Azam\" (, \"Great Leader\") and \"Baba-i-Qaum\" (, \"Father of the Nation\").", "Muhammad Ali Jinnah __knowledge__ His birthday is considered a national holiday in Pakistan.", "Muhammad Ali Jinnah __knowledge__ Born at Wazir Mansion in Karachi, Jinnah was trained as a barrister at Lincoln's Inn in London.", "Muhammad Ali Jinnah __knowledge__ Upon his return to British India, he enrolled at the Bombay High Court, and took an interest in national politics, which eventually replaced his legal practice.", "Delhi Sultanate __knowledge__ The Delhi Sultanate was a Muslim sultanate based mostly in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent for 320 years (1206–1526).", "Delhi Sultanate __knowledge__ Five dynasties ruled over the Delhi Sultanate sequentially: the Mamluk dynasty (1206–90), the Khalji dynasty (1290–1320), the Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414), the Sayyid dynasty (1414–51), and the Lodi dynasty (1451–1526).", "Delhi Sultanate __knowledge__ The sultanate is noted for being one of the few states to repel an attack by the Mongol Empire, and enthroned one of the few female rulers in Islamic history, Razia Sultana, who reigned from 1236 to 1240.", "Delhi Sultanate __knowledge__ Qutb al-Din Aibak, a former Turkic Mamluk slave of Muhammad Ghori, was the first sultan of Delhi, and his Mamluk dynasty conquered large areas of northern India." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5, 10 ]

[ "I like their culture and religion of Hindu, but don't know much about the language.", "The meaning of HIndu has evolved over time, so perhaps it does include the language.", "Hindu covers anyone that is part of the subcontinent who were not Muslim or Turks. I would love to visit sometime though.", "I know a little about it. There is something called apostasy in Islam which is when there is a conscious abandonment of the religion." ]

[ "Hindu", "Hindu", "Hindu", "Hindu" ]

[ "Gone with the Wind (film)", "Yeah it is a classic. I think one of the first movies shot in color. I like watching movies from that period.", "It sure was an epic movie. It must have taken a long time to film. It also had some of the first black actors with speaking roles.", "I am glad they eventually got the movie done. I think Wizard of Oz came out very near the same time. What a great time for movies!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, to her marriage to Rhett Butler.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The leading roles are played by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Production was difficult from the start.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Filming was delayed for two years because of Selznick's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the \"search for Scarlett\" led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard and underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original director, George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and was replaced by Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off because he was exhausted." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, to her marriage to Rhett Butler.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The leading roles are played by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Production was difficult from the start.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Filming was delayed for two years because of Selznick's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the \"search for Scarlett\" led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard and underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original director, George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and was replaced by Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off because he was exhausted.", "Watching Movies with the Sound Off __knowledge__ Watching Movies with the Sound Off is the second studio album by American rapper Mac Miller.", "Watching Movies with the Sound Off __knowledge__ It was released June 18, 2013, by Rostrum Records.", "Watching Movies with the Sound Off __knowledge__ The album continues his changes in his musical sound that he began with the mixtape \"Macadelic\".", "Watching Movies with the Sound Off __knowledge__ Mac Miller has described the album as very introspective and very personal.", "Watching Movies with the Sound Off __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Earl Sweatshirt, Ab-Soul, Action Bronson, Schoolboy Q, Jay Electronica and Tyler, the Creator among others.", "Watching Movies with the Sound Off __knowledge__ Production was handled primarily by Miller himself (under the pseudonym Larry Fisherman) among others such as Diplo, Tyler, the Creator, Flying Lotus, The Alchemist, Clams Casino, Earl Sweatshirt, J. Hill, Chuck Inglish and Pharrell Williams.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing, mixing or re-recording is a post-production process used in filmmaking and video production in which additional or supplementary recordings are \"mixed\" with original production sound to create the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ The process usually takes place on a dub stage.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ After sound editors edit and prepare all the necessary tracks – dialogue, automated dialogue replacement (ADR), effects, Foley, music – the dubbing mixers proceed to balance all of the elements and record the finished soundtrack.", "Dubbing (filmmaking) __knowledge__ Dubbing is sometimes confused with ADR, also known as \"additional dialogue replacement\", \"automated dialogue recording\", and \"looping\", in which the original actors re-record and synchronize audio segments.", "Watching Movies __knowledge__ Watching Movies is a song by American hip hop recording artist Mac Miller.", "Watching Movies __knowledge__ The song was released on May 25, 2013 as the second single from his second studio album \"Watching Movies with the Sound Off\".", "Watching Movies __knowledge__ The song was produced by Sap (who produced his debut single \"Donald Trump\") and by Miller under the alias Larry Fisherman.", "Watching Movies __knowledge__ \"Watching Movies\" peaked at number 33 on the US \"Billboard\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.", "Watching Movies __knowledge__ A music video by Rex Arrow and Larry Fisherman was created for the single that features Miller succumbing to the materials associated with hip-hop.", "Watching Movies __knowledge__ On May 4, 2013, Mac Miller announced on Twitter that the second single off \"Watching Movies with the Sound Off\" would be titled, \"Watching Movies\" and produced by himself along with \"Donald Trump\" producer SAP.", "Mac Miller __knowledge__ Malcolm James McCormick (born January 19, 1992), best known by his stage name Mac Miller, is an American rapper, singer, and record producer from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.", "Mac Miller __knowledge__ He is also a noted record producer under the pseudonym Larry Fisherman.", "Mac Miller __knowledge__ Miller is also known for taking on multiple alter-egos, under the aliases Delusional Thomas, Larry Lovestein and The Velvet Revival.", "Mac Miller __knowledge__ In early 2010, Miller signed a record deal with Pittsburgh-based indie record label Rostrum Records.", "Mac Miller __knowledge__ He subsequently began recording his debut studio album \"Blue Slide Park\", and released it on November 8, 2011.", "Mac Miller __knowledge__ The album went on to debut at number one on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, making it the first independently distributed debut album to top the chart since Tha Dogg Pound's 1995 album, \"Dogg Food\".", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Bollywood, formally known as Hindi cinema, is the Indian Hindi language film industry, based in the city of Mumbai (formerly Bombay), Maharashtra, India.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Bollywood is part of the larger cinema of India (also known as Indywood), which includes other production centers producing films in other Indian languages.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Linguistically, Bollywood films tend to use a colloquial dialect of Hindi-Urdu, or Hindustani, mutually intelligible to both Hindi and Urdu speakers, while modern Bollywood films also increasingly incorporate elements of Hinglish.", "Bollywood __knowledge__ Indian cinema is the world's largest film industry in terms of film production, with an annual output of 1,986 feature films as of 2017, and Bollywood is its largest film producer, with 364 Hindi films produced annually as of 2017.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Historical romance __knowledge__ Historical romance (also historical novel) is a broad category of fiction in which the plot takes place in a setting located in the past.", "Historical romance __knowledge__ Walter Scott helped popularize this genre in the early 19th-century, with works such as \"Rob Roy\" and \"Ivanhoe\".", "Historical romance __knowledge__ Literary fiction historical romances continue to be published, and a notable recent example is \"Wolf Hall\" (2009), a multi-award winning novel by English historical novelist Hilary Mantel.", "Historical romance __knowledge__ It is also a genre of mass-market fiction, which is related to the broader romantic love genre.", "Historical romance __knowledge__ The terms \"romance novel\" and \"historical romance\" are ambiguous, because the word \"romance\", and the associated word \"romantic\", have a number of different meanings.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ The romance novel or romantic novel discussed in this article is the mass-market literary genre.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Novels of this type of genre fiction place their primary focus on the relationship and romantic love between two people, and must have an \"emotionally satisfying and optimistic ending.\"", "Romance novel __knowledge__ There are many subgenres of the romance novel including fantasy, historical romance, paranormal fiction, and science fiction.", "Romance novel __knowledge__ Walter Scott defined the literary fiction form of romance as \"a fictitious narrative in prose or verse; the interest of which turns upon marvellous and uncommon incidents\".", "Romance novel __knowledge__ A thriving genre of works conventionally referred to as \"romance novels\" existed in ancient Greece.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ Bajirao Mastani is a 2015 Indian epic historical romance film directed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali, who also composed its soundtrack.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ The film was jointly produced by Bhansali and Eros International's Kishore Lulla; it stars Ranveer Singh, Deepika Padukone and Priyanka Chopra.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ The supporting cast includes Tanvi Azmi, Vaibhav Tatwawaadi and Milind Soman.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ Based on the Marathi novel \"Raau\" by Nagnath S. Inamdar, \"Bajirao Mastani\" narrates the story of the Maratha \"Peshwa\" Bajirao I (1700-1740 AD) and his second wife Mastani.", "Bajirao Mastani __knowledge__ Conceived as early as the 1990s, Bhansali announced the film in 2003 but production was delayed several times due to its changing cast.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ Ben-Hur is a 1959 American epic historical drama film, directed by William Wyler, produced by Sam Zimbalist for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and starring Charlton Heston as the title character.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ A remake of , \"Ben-Hur\" was adapted from Lew Wallace's 1880 novel \"\".", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ The screenplay is credited to Karl Tunberg, but includes contributions from Maxwell Anderson, S. N. Behrman, Gore Vidal, and Christopher Fry.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ \"Ben-Hur\" had the largest budget ($15.175 million), as well as the largest sets built, of any film produced at the time.", "Ben-Hur (1959 film) __knowledge__ Costume designer Elizabeth Haffenden oversaw a staff of 100 wardrobe fabricators to make the costumes, and a workshop employing 200 artists and workmen provided the hundreds of friezes and statues needed in the film.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The American Epic Sessions is a documentary film in which an engineer restores the fabled long-lost first electrical sound recording system from 1925, and twenty contemporary artists pay tribute to the momentous machine by attempting to record songs on it for the first time in 80 years.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film was directed and co-written by Bernard MacMahon and stars Nas, Alabama Shakes, Elton John, Willie Nelson, Merle Haggard, Jack White, Taj Mahal, Ana Gabriel, Pokey LaFarge, Beck, Ashley Monroe and Steve Martin.", "The American Epic Sessions __knowledge__ The film employed a diverse line-up of performers both ethnically and musically to represent the breadth of cultures that were first given a national platform through the invention of this recording machine.", "English literature __knowledge__ This article is focused on English-language literature rather than the literature of England, so that it includes writers from Scotland, Wales, and the whole of Ireland, as well as literature in English from countries of the former British Empire, including the United States.", "English literature __knowledge__ However, until the early 19th century, it only deals with the literature of the United Kingdom and Ireland.", "English literature __knowledge__ It does not include literature written in the other languages of Britain.", "English literature __knowledge__ The English language has developed over the course of more than 1,400 years.", "English literature __knowledge__ The earliest forms of English, a set of Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the fifth century, are called Old English." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, to her marriage to Rhett Butler.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The leading roles are played by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Production was difficult from the start.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Filming was delayed for two years because of Selznick's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the \"search for Scarlett\" led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard and underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original director, George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and was replaced by Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off because he was exhausted.", "Hattie McDaniel __knowledge__ Hattie McDaniel (June 10, 1895October 26, 1952) was an American stage actress, professional singer-songwriter, and comedian.", "Hattie McDaniel __knowledge__ She is best known for her role as \"Mammy\" in \"Gone with the Wind\" (1939), for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, the first Academy Award won by an African American entertainer.", "Hattie McDaniel __knowledge__ In addition to acting in many films, McDaniel was a radio performer and television star; she was the first black woman to sing on radio in the United States.", "Hattie McDaniel __knowledge__ She appeared in over 300 films, although she received screen credits for only 80 or so.", "Hattie McDaniel __knowledge__ McDaniel has two stars on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in Hollywood: one at 6933 Hollywood Boulevard for her contributions to radio and one at 1719 Vine Street for acting in motion pictures.", "Earl Cameron (actor) __knowledge__ Earlston J. Cameron, CBE (born 8 August 1917), known as Earl Cameron, is a British actor, born in Bermuda and a long time resident in England.", "Earl Cameron (actor) __knowledge__ Along with Cy Grant, he is known as one of the first black actors to break the \"colour bar\" in the United Kingdom.", "Earl Cameron (actor) __knowledge__ With his appearance in 1951's \"Pool of London\", Cameron became one of the first black actors to take up a starring role in a British film after Paul Robeson, Nina Mae McKinney and Elisabeth Welch in the 1930s.", "Earl Cameron (actor) __knowledge__ According to \"Screenonline\", \"Earl Cameron brought a breath of fresh air to the British film industry's stuffy depictions of race relations.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie __knowledge__ Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie is a 2017 American computer-animated superhero comedy film based on the children's novel series of the same name by Dav Pilkey.", "Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie __knowledge__ It was produced by DreamWorks Animation, and Mikros Image Montreal provided animation.", "Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie __knowledge__ It was directed by David Soren from a screenplay by Nicholas Stoller, and stars the voices of Kevin Hart, Ed Helms, Thomas Middleditch, Nick Kroll, Jordan Peele, and Kristen Schaal.", "Captain Underpants: The First Epic Movie __knowledge__ The plot follows two imaginative elementary school pranksters named George Beard and Harold Hutchins (voiced by Hart and Middleditch) who hypnotize their mean-spirited principal, Mr. Krupp (voiced by Helms), into thinking he is Captain Underpants, a superhero who fights crime while wearing only underwear and a cape, and the main protagonist of George and Harold's comic books.", "Epic Movie __knowledge__ Epic Movie is a 2007 American comedy film directed and written by Jason Friedberg and Aaron Seltzer and produced by Paul Schiff.", "Epic Movie __knowledge__ It was the first film to be distributed by Regency Enterprises.", "Epic Movie __knowledge__ It was made in a similar style to \"Date Movie\", Friedberg and Seltzer's previous film, but as a spoof of the \"Epic\" style of films, hence the name.", "Epic Movie __knowledge__ The film mostly references \"\", the \"Harry Potter\" films, Tim Burton's version of \"Charlie and the Chocolate Factory\", Pirates of the Caribbean, and \"X-Men\".", "Epic Movie __knowledge__ The song \"Ms. New Booty\" by Bubba Sparxxx gained commercial attention for being featured in \"Epic Movie\".", "History of film __knowledge__ Although the start of the history of film is not clearly defined, the commercial, public screening of ten of Lumière brothers' short films in Paris on 28 December 1895 can be regarded as the breakthrough of projected cinematographic motion pictures.", "History of film __knowledge__ There had been earlier cinematographic results and screenings but these lacked either the quality or the momentum that propelled the cinématographe Lumière into a worldwide success.", "History of film __knowledge__ Soon film production companies were established all over the world.", "History of film __knowledge__ The first decade of motion picture saw film moving from a novelty to an established mass entertainment industry.", "List of Thomas & Friends railway engines __knowledge__ This article lists the standard-gauge railway engines and other standard-gauge characters of the popular television series \"Thomas & Friends\", as well as from \"The Railway Series\".", "List of Thomas & Friends railway engines __knowledge__ These are the characters that run on the standard gauge North Western Railway.", "List of Thomas & Friends railway engines __knowledge__ The Steam Team was introduced in season 8.", "List of Thomas & Friends railway engines __knowledge__ It is the name given to the core group of characters on (Sir Topham Hatt's) railway (the North Western) as featured in later seasons: Thomas, Edward, Henry, Gordon, James, Percy, Toby, and Emily.", "List of Thomas & Friends railway engines __knowledge__ There is no such corresponding group in The Railway Series books although a similar group (adding Duck and excluding Emily) appears in the book \"The Eight Famous Engines\".", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight, who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ In 1977, the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot's first two novels, \"If Only They Could Talk\" and \"It Shouldn't Happen to a Vet\", using the title of the 1975 film adaptation.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ The Herriot novels were written in an episodic style, with each chapter generally containing a short story within the ongoing narrative of Herriot's life.", "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) __knowledge__ This format greatly facilitated their adaptation for a television series.", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ Glad (, , , ) was the ruler of Banat (in present-day Romania and Serbia) at the time of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around 900 AD, according to the \"Gesta Hungarorum\".", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ The \"Gesta\", which was written by an author known in modern scholarship as Anonymus in the second half of the 12th century or in the early 13th century, is the earliest extant Hungarian chronicle.", "Glad (duke) __knowledge__ The \"Gesta\" did not refer to the enemies of the conquering Hungarians (or Magyars), who had been mentioned in earlier annals and chronicles, but wrote of a dozen persons, including Glad, who are unknown from other primary sources of the Hungarian Conquest.", "Pollyanna __knowledge__ Pollyanna is a best-selling 1913 novel by Eleanor H. Porter that is now considered a classic of children's literature, with the title character's name becoming a popular term for someone with the same very optimistic outlook: a subconscious bias towards the positive is often described as the Pollyanna principle.", "Pollyanna __knowledge__ The book was such a success that Porter soon produced a sequel, \"Pollyanna Grows Up\" (1915).", "Pollyanna __knowledge__ Eleven more \"Pollyanna\" sequels, known as \"Glad Books\", were later published, most of them written by Elizabeth Borton or Harriet Lummis Smith.", "Pollyanna __knowledge__ Further sequels followed, including \"Pollyanna Plays the Game\" by Colleen L. Reece, published in 1997.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ The Glad Products Company is an American company specializing in trash bags and plastic food storage containers.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ The Glad brand originated in the United States in 1963 when the owner and CEO of the company, David Darroch, launched \"Glad Wrap\", a polyethylene film used as a food wrap.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ Douglas G. Taylor was transferred that same year from the Union Carbide facility in Pittsburgh, Pa. to spearhead the Glad project.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ Mr. Taylor headed Sales and Marketing for the Glad products until he was retired from Union Carbide in 1985 after putting together the sale to FirstBrands.", "The Glad Products Company __knowledge__ At the time of the sale, Mr. Taylor was Sr. VP of the Home and Automotive products division as well as the head of STP brands.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Scream is an American horror franchise created by Kevin Williamson and Wes Craven.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Starring Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, and David Arquette, the film series grossed over $604 million in worldwide box-office receipts and consists of four motion pictures directed by Craven.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ The first series entry, \"Scream\", was released on December 20, 1996 and is currently the highest-grossing slasher film in the United States.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ The second entry \"Scream 2\" was released on December 12, 1997 followed by a third installment, \"Scream 3\", released February 4, 2000.", "Scream (franchise) __knowledge__ Eleven years after the previous film, \"Scream 4\" was released on April 15, 2011." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film, adapted from Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel of the same name.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The film was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and the Reconstruction era, the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara, the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner, from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes, who is married to his cousin, Melanie Hamilton, to her marriage to Rhett Butler.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The leading roles are played by Vivien Leigh (Scarlett), Clark Gable (Rhett), Leslie Howard (Ashley), and Olivia de Havilland (Melanie).", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Production was difficult from the start.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ Filming was delayed for two years because of Selznick's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler, and the \"search for Scarlett\" led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard and underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length.", "Gone with the Wind (film) __knowledge__ The original director, George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and was replaced by Fleming, who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off because he was exhausted.", "Land of Oz __knowledge__ The fictional Land of Oz is a magical country first introduced in the classic children's novel \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\" (1900).", "Land of Oz __knowledge__ Oz consists of four vast quadrants, the Gillikin Country in the north, Quadling Country in the south, Munchkin Country in the east and Winkie Country in the west.", "Land of Oz __knowledge__ Each province has its own ruler, but the realm itself has always been ruled by a single monarch.", "Land of Oz __knowledge__ After The Marvelous Land of Oz, this monarch is Princess Ozma.", "Land of Oz __knowledge__ Originally, Baum did not intend for \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\" to have any sequels, but it achieved a greater popularity than any of the other fairylands he created, including the land of Merryland in Baum's children's novel \"Dot and Tot in Merryland\", written a year later.", "List of Oz characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the original sequel Oz books by American author L. Frank Baum, and in the later continued Oz series by his grandson Roger S. Baum, Ruth Plumly Thompson, John R. Neill, Jack Snow, Rachel Cosgrove Payes, Eloise Jarvis McGraw and Lauren McGraw, Dick Martin, Eric Shanower, and Sherwood Smith.", "List of Oz characters __knowledge__ Characters from Gregory Maguire's \"Wicked\" are not included, as his works, among others such as the work of March Laumer, are considered \"heretical\" in Baum scholarship (The term \"heretical\" was first applied to these books by Dr. Stephen J. Teller of Pittsburg State University in the Winter 1988 issue of \"The Baum Bugle\" and appears regularly in Oz fandom).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "The Wizard of Oz (1939 film) __knowledge__ The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 American musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.", "The Wizard of Oz (1939 film) __knowledge__ Widely considered to be one of the greatest films in cinema history, it is the best-known and most commercially successful adaptation of L. Frank Baum's 1900 children's book, \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz.\"", "The Wizard of Oz (1939 film) __knowledge__ It stars Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale, alongside Ray Bolger, Jack Haley, Bert Lahr, Frank Morgan, Billie Burke and Margaret Hamilton, with Charley Grapewin, Pat Walshe and Clara Blandick, Terry (billed as Toto), and the Singer Midgets as the Munchkins.", "The Wizard of Oz (1939 film) __knowledge__ Notable for its use of Technicolor, fantasy storytelling, musical score, and memorable characters, it has become an icon of American popular culture.", "The Wizard of Oz on television __knowledge__ MGM's 1939 musical fantasy film \"The Wizard of Oz\" was first shown in theatres that year, then re-released nationwide in 1949 and again in 1955.", "The Wizard of Oz on television __knowledge__ It was first broadcast on television on Saturday, November 3, 1956.", "The Wizard of Oz on television __knowledge__ The film was shown as the last installment of the CBS anthology series \"Ford Star Jubilee\".", "The Wizard of Oz on television __knowledge__ Since that telecast, it has been shown respectively by CBS, NBC, the WB Network, and several of Ted Turner's national cable channels.", "The Wizard of Oz on television __knowledge__ It has never been licensed to any local affiliate broadcast TV station.", "The Wizard of Oz on television __knowledge__ From 1959 until 1991, it was an annual tradition on American commercial network television.", "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz __knowledge__ The Wonderful Wizard of Oz () is an American children's novel written by author L. Frank Baum and illustrated by W. W. Denslow, originally published by the George M. Hill Company in Chicago on May 17, 1900.", "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz __knowledge__ It has since been reprinted on numerous occasions, most often under the title The Wizard of Oz, which is the title of the popular 1902 Broadway musical adaptation as well as the iconic 1939 musical film adaptation.", "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz __knowledge__ The story chronicles the adventures of a young farm girl named Dorothy in the magical Land of Oz, after she and her pet dog Toto are swept away from their Kansas home by a cyclone.", "Oz the Great and Powerful __knowledge__ Oz the Great and Powerful is a 2013 American fantasy adventure film directed by Sam Raimi and produced by Joe Roth, from a screenplay written by David Lindsay-Abaire and Mitchell Kapner.", "Oz the Great and Powerful __knowledge__ The film stars James Franco, Michelle Williams, Rachel Weisz and Mila Kunis, with Zach Braff, Bill Cobbs, Joey King, and Tony Cox in supporting roles.", "Oz the Great and Powerful __knowledge__ Based on L. Frank Baum's \"Oz\" novels and set 20 years before the events of the original novel, \"Oz the Great and Powerful\" is a spiritual prequel to the 1939 Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film, \"The Wizard of Oz\".", "Oz the Great and Powerful __knowledge__ The film tells the story of Oscar Diggs, a deceptive magician who arrives in the Land of Oz and encounters three witches: Theodora, Evanora, and Glinda.", "George Cukor __knowledge__ George Dewey Cukor (; July 7, 1899 – January 24, 1983) was an American film director.", "George Cukor __knowledge__ He mainly concentrated on comedies and literary adaptations.", "George Cukor __knowledge__ His career flourished at RKO when David O. Selznick, the studio's Head of Production, assigned Cukor to direct several of RKO's major films, including \"What Price Hollywood?\"", "George Cukor __knowledge__ (1932), \"A Bill of Divorcement\" (1932), \"Our Betters\" (1933), and \"Little Women\" (1933).", "George Cukor __knowledge__ When Selznick moved to MGM in 1933, Cukor followed and directed \"Dinner at Eight\" (1933) and \"David Copperfield\" (1935) for Selznick and \"Romeo and Juliet\" (1936) and \"Camille\" (1936) for Irving Thalberg.", "Vivien Leigh __knowledge__ Vivien Leigh (born Vivian Mary Hartley, and also known as Lady Olivier after 1947; 5 November 19138 July 1967) was an English stage and film actress.", "Vivien Leigh __knowledge__ She won two Academy Awards for Best Actress, for her iconic performances as Scarlett O'Hara in \"Gone with the Wind\" (1939) and Blanche DuBois in the film version of \"A Streetcar Named Desire\" (1951), a role she had also played on stage in London's West End in 1949.", "Vivien Leigh __knowledge__ She also won a Tony Award for her work in the Broadway musical version of \"Tovarich\" (1963).", "Vivien Leigh __knowledge__ After completing her drama school education, Leigh appeared in small roles in four films in 1935 and progressed to the role of heroine in \"Fire Over England\" (1937).", "Born Yesterday (1950 film) __knowledge__ Born Yesterday is a 1950 American comedy-drama film directed by George Cukor.", "Born Yesterday (1950 film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was credited to Albert Mannheimer based on the stage play of the same name by Garson Kanin.", "Born Yesterday (1950 film) __knowledge__ According to Kanin's autobiography, Cukor did not like Mannheimer's work, believing it lost much of the value of the play, so he approached the playwright about writing the screenplay from his own play.", "Born Yesterday (1950 film) __knowledge__ Because of some legal entanglements, Kanin did not receive screen credit.", "Born Yesterday (1950 film) __knowledge__ Judy Holliday, in an Oscar-winning performance, William Holden and Broderick Crawford star in the story of an uneducated young woman and an uncouth, older, wealthy junkyard tycoon who comes to Washington to try to \"buy\" a Congressman.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12, 1907 – June 29, 2003) was an American actress.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Known for her fierce independence and spirited personality, Hepburn was a leading lady in Hollywood for more than 60 years.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ She appeared in a range of genres, from screwball comedy to literary drama, and she received four Academy Awards—a record for any performer—for Best Actress.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ In 1999, Hepburn was named by the American Film Institute as the greatest female star of Classic Hollywood Cinema.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ Raised in Connecticut by wealthy, progressive parents, Hepburn began to act while studying at Bryn Mawr College.", "Katharine Hepburn __knowledge__ After four years in the theatre, favorable reviews of her work on Broadway brought her to the attention of Hollywood.", "James Bond in film __knowledge__ The James Bond film series is a British series of spy films based on the fictional character of MI6 agent James Bond, \"007\", who originally appeared in a series of books by Ian Fleming.", "James Bond in film __knowledge__ It is one of the longest continually-running film series in history, having been in on-going production from 1962 to the present (with a six-year hiatus between 1989 and 1995).", "James Bond in film __knowledge__ In that time Eon Productions has produced 24 films, most of them at Pinewood Studios.", "James Bond in film __knowledge__ With a combined gross of over $7 billion to date, the films produced by Eon constitute the fourth-highest-grossing film series.", "James Bond in film __knowledge__ Six actors have portrayed 007 in the Eon series, the latest being Daniel Craig." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 8, 3 ]

[ "Have you seen one of my favourite films, Gone with the wind? its a american epic historical romance film from 1939, adapted from a novel published 3 years prior", "I'm glad that the film did so well because i know the production was difficult from the start ", "That paved the way for people of color i'd imagine! the original director George Cukor, was fired shortly after filming began and even he was replaced by fleming who was then replaced again by Sam Wood because Flemming was exhausted haha", "Films have changed so much since then, possibly in a bad way! I like that it was set in the American South against the backdrop of the american Civil War and Reconstruction era. " ]

[ "Gone with the Wind (film)", "Gone with the Wind (film)", "Gone with the Wind (film)", "Gone with the Wind (film)" ]

[ "Indian cuisine", "I love indian food so much, especially since I haven't eaten it in so long.", "No wonder they have such distinct flavors and spices that they use." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Historical incidents such as foreign invasions, trade relations, and colonialism have played a role in introducing certain foods to the country.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ For instance, potato, a staple of the diet in some regions of India, was brought to India by the Portuguese, who also introduced chillies and breadfruit.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine has shaped the history of international relations; the spice trade between India and Europe was the primary catalyst for Europe's Age of Discovery.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Spices were bought from India and traded around Europe and Asia.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine has influenced other cuisines across the world, especially those from Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, the British Isles, Fiji, and the Caribbean." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Historical incidents such as foreign invasions, trade relations, and colonialism have played a role in introducing certain foods to the country.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ For instance, potato, a staple of the diet in some regions of India, was brought to India by the Portuguese, who also introduced chillies and breadfruit.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine has shaped the history of international relations; the spice trade between India and Europe was the primary catalyst for Europe's Age of Discovery.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Spices were bought from India and traded around Europe and Asia.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine has influenced other cuisines across the world, especially those from Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, the British Isles, Fiji, and the Caribbean.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ English cuisine encompasses the cooking styles, traditions and recipes associated with England.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ It has distinctive attributes of its own, but also shares much with wider British cuisine, partly through the importation of ingredients and ideas from North America, China, and India during the time of the British Empire and as a result of post-war immigration.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional meals have ancient origins, such as bread and cheese, roasted and stewed meats, meat and game pies, boiled vegetables and broths, and freshwater and saltwater fish.", "English cuisine __knowledge__ The 14th-century English cookbook, the \"Forme of Cury\", contains recipes for these, and dates from the royal court of Richard II.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ The culture of India refers collectively to the thousands of distinct and unique cultures of all religions and communities present in India.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ India's languages, religions, dance, music, architecture, food, and customs differs from place to place within the country.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ The Indian culture, often labeled as an amalgamation of several cultures, spans across the Indian subcontinent and has been influenced by a history that is several millenniums old.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ Many elements of India's diverse cultures, such as Indian religions, Indian philosophy and Indian cuisine, have a profound impact across the world.", "Culture of India __knowledge__ India has 29 states with different culture and civilizations and one of the most populated countries in the world.", "Indian Singaporeans __knowledge__ Indian Singaporeans or Singaporean Indians (, \"Ciṅkappūr Intiyarkaḷ\") – defined as persons of South Asian ancestry – constitute 7.4% of the country's citizens, making them the third largest ethnic group in Singapore.", "Indian Singaporeans __knowledge__ While contact with ancient India left a deep impact on Singapore's indigenous Malay culture, the mass migration of Indians to the island only began with the founding of modern Singapore by the British in 1819.", "Indian Singaporeans __knowledge__ Initially, the Indian population was transient, mainly comprising young men who came as workers, soldiers and convicts.", "Indian Singaporeans __knowledge__ By the mid-20th century, a settled community had emerged, with a more balanced gender ratio and a better spread of age groups.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ South Indian cuisine includes the cuisines of the five southern states of India: Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana and the union territories of Lakshadweep, Pondicherry, and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ The similarities among the five states' cuisines include the presence of rice as a staple food, the use of lentils and spices, dried red chilies and fresh green chilies, coconut, and native fruits and vegetables including tamarind, plantain, snake gourd, garlic, and ginger.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ The four cuisines have much in common and differ primarily in the spiciness of the food.", "South Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Kerala, Tamil Nadu, south and coastal Karnataka and most parts of Andhra Pradesh use more rice.", "Malaysian Indians __knowledge__ The Malaysian Indians or Indian Malaysians (Tamil: \"மலேசிய இந்தியர்க\") consists of people who were born in or immigrated to Malaysia from the Indian subcontinent and their descendants.", "Malaysian Indians __knowledge__ In 2015, there were around 2 million people self-identifying as \"Indian\" who hold Malaysian nationality (including Malaysian-born and foreign-born people of Indian descent) with the vast majority being Dravidian Tamils.", "Malaysian Indians __knowledge__ Most are descendants from those who migrated from India during the British colonisation of Malaya.", "Malaysian Indians __knowledge__ There is a possibility that the first wave of migration from South Asian subcontinent towards Southeast Asia happened when the Asoka's invasion towards Kalinga and Samudragupta's expedition towards the South." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Historical incidents such as foreign invasions, trade relations, and colonialism have played a role in introducing certain foods to the country.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ For instance, potato, a staple of the diet in some regions of India, was brought to India by the Portuguese, who also introduced chillies and breadfruit.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine has shaped the history of international relations; the spice trade between India and Europe was the primary catalyst for Europe's Age of Discovery.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Spices were bought from India and traded around Europe and Asia.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine has influenced other cuisines across the world, especially those from Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, the British Isles, Fiji, and the Caribbean.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ Cabernet Sauvignon () is one of the world's most widely recognized red wine grape varieties.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ It is grown in nearly every major wine producing country among a diverse spectrum of climates from Canada's Okanagan Valley to Lebanon's Beqaa Valley.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ Cabernet Sauvignon became internationally recognized through its prominence in Bordeaux wines where it is often blended with Merlot and Cabernet Franc.", "Cabernet Sauvignon __knowledge__ From France, the grape spread across Europe and to the New World where it found new homes in places like California's Santa Cruz Mountains, Napa Valley, New Zealand's Hawkes Bay, Australia's Margaret River and Coonawarra regions, and Chile's Maipo Valley and Colchagua.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Spice __knowledge__ A spice is a seed, fruit, root, bark, or other plant substance primarily used for flavoring, coloring or preserving food.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are distinguished from herbs, which are the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants used for flavoring or as a garnish.", "Spice __knowledge__ Many spices have antimicrobial properties.", "Spice __knowledge__ This may explain why spices are more commonly used in warmer climates, which have more infectious diseases, and why the use of spices is prominent in meat, which is particularly susceptible to spoiling.", "Spice __knowledge__ Spices are sometimes used in medicine, religious rituals, cosmetics or perfume production, or as a vegetable.", "Spice __knowledge__ The spice trade developed throughout South Asia and Middle East by at earliest 2000 BCE with cinnamon and black pepper, and in East Asia with herbs and pepper.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ Chardonnay () is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from England to New Zealand.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ It is also used in Italy to produce sparkling wines like Franciacorta for example.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ For new and developing wine regions, growing Chardonnay is seen as a \"rite of passage\" and an easy entry into the international wine market.", "Chardonnay __knowledge__ The Chardonnay grape itself is very neutral, with many of the flavors commonly associated with the grape being derived from such influences as \"terroir\" and oak.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Climate engineering __knowledge__ Climate engineering, commonly referred to as geoengineering, also known as climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climate system with the aim of affecting adverse global warming.", "Climate engineering __knowledge__ Climate engineering is an umbrella term for measures that mainly fall into two categories: greenhouse gas removal and solar radiation management.", "Climate engineering __knowledge__ Greenhouse gas removal approaches, of which carbon dioxide removal represents the most prominent subcategory addresses the cause of global warming by removing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere.", "Climate engineering __knowledge__ Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "Indian cuisine is so tasty love traditional indian food", "given the soil and climate diveristy you get a lot of spices and flavors from the climate differences", "indian food is also heavily influenced by religion" ]

[ "Indian cuisine", "Indian cuisine", "Indian cuisine" ]

[ "Dune (novel)", "I have never read it but I have always wanted to. What do you like about it?", "That sounds intriguing. Do you know how many books are in the Dune Saga?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Dune is a 1965 science fiction novel by American author Frank Herbert, originally published as two separate serials in \"Analog\" magazine.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ It tied with Roger Zelazny's \"This Immortal\" for the Hugo Award in 1966, and it won the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ It is the first installment of the \"Dune\" saga, and in 2003 was cited as the world's best-selling science fiction novel.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Set in the distant future amidst a feudal interstellar society in which noble houses, in control of individual planets, owe allegiance to the Padishah Emperor, \"Dune\" tells the story of young Paul Atreides, whose noble family accepts the stewardship of the desert planet Arrakis.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ As this planet is the only source of the oracular spice melange, the most important and valuable substance in the universe, control of Arrakis is a coveted—and dangerous—undertaking.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ The story explores the multi-layered interactions of politics, religion, ecology, technology, and human emotion, as the factions of the empire confront each other in a struggle for the control of Arrakis and its spice.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Herbert wrote five sequels: \"Dune Messiah\", \"Children of Dune\", \"God Emperor of Dune\", \"Heretics of Dune\", and \"\".", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ The first novel also inspired a 1984 film adaptation by David Lynch, the 2000 Sci-Fi Channel miniseries \"Frank Herbert's Dune\" and its 2003 sequel \"Frank Herbert's Children of Dune\" (which combines the events of \"Dune Messiah\" and \"Children of Dune\"), computer games, several board games, songs, and a series of followups, including prequels and sequels, that were co-written by Kevin J. Anderson and the author's son, Brian Herbert, starting in 1999." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Dune is a 1965 science fiction novel by American author Frank Herbert, originally published as two separate serials in \"Analog\" magazine.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ It tied with Roger Zelazny's \"This Immortal\" for the Hugo Award in 1966, and it won the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ It is the first installment of the \"Dune\" saga, and in 2003 was cited as the world's best-selling science fiction novel.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Set in the distant future amidst a feudal interstellar society in which noble houses, in control of individual planets, owe allegiance to the Padishah Emperor, \"Dune\" tells the story of young Paul Atreides, whose noble family accepts the stewardship of the desert planet Arrakis.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ As this planet is the only source of the oracular spice melange, the most important and valuable substance in the universe, control of Arrakis is a coveted—and dangerous—undertaking.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ The story explores the multi-layered interactions of politics, religion, ecology, technology, and human emotion, as the factions of the empire confront each other in a struggle for the control of Arrakis and its spice.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Herbert wrote five sequels: \"Dune Messiah\", \"Children of Dune\", \"God Emperor of Dune\", \"Heretics of Dune\", and \"\".", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ The first novel also inspired a 1984 film adaptation by David Lynch, the 2000 Sci-Fi Channel miniseries \"Frank Herbert's Dune\" and its 2003 sequel \"Frank Herbert's Children of Dune\" (which combines the events of \"Dune Messiah\" and \"Children of Dune\"), computer games, several board games, songs, and a series of followups, including prequels and sequels, that were co-written by Kevin J. Anderson and the author's son, Brian Herbert, starting in 1999.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Enrico Mattei (April 29, 1906 – October 27, 1962) was an Italian public administrator.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ After World War II he was given the task of dismantling the Italian Petroleum Agency Agip, a state enterprise established by the Fascist regime.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Instead Mattei enlarged and reorganized it into the National Fuel Trust, \"Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi\" (ENI).", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ Under his direction ENI negotiated important oil concessions in the Middle East as well as a significant trade agreement with the Soviet Union which helped break the oligopoly of the 'Seven Sisters' that dominated the mid 20th century oil industry.", "Enrico Mattei __knowledge__ He also introduced the principle whereby the country that owned exploited oil reserves received 75% of the profits.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The House of Mattei was one of the most powerful noble families of Rome during the Middle Ages and early modern era, holding high positions in the papal curia and government office.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The family amassed significant art collections under art enthusiasts such as Ciriaco Mattei.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The Mattei gave eight Cardinals to the Catholic Church, among them Girolamo Mattei (1586), Gaspare Mattei (1643), Alessandro Mattei (1803), Mario Mattei (1832), Lorenzo Girolamo Mattei (1833) and (as late as 1875) Ruggero Luigi Emidio Antici Mattei.", "Mattei family __knowledge__ The founder of one powerful branch of the Mattei was Giovanni Giacomo Mattei.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Mauro De Mauro (born September 6, 1921 – disappeared September 16, 1970) was an Italian investigative journalist.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Originally a supporter of the Fascist regime of Benito Mussolini he eventually became a journalist with the left-leaning newspaper \"L'Ora\" in Palermo.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ He disappeared in September 1970 and his body has not yet been found.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ The disappearance and probable death of the \"inconvenient journalist\" (\"giornalista scomodo\") – as he became known as a result of his investigative reporting – remains one of the unsolved mysteries in Italian history.", "Mauro De Mauro __knowledge__ Several explanations for his disappearance are current.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ The Fontana delle Tartarughe (The Turtle Fountain) is a fountain of the late Italian Renaissance, located in Piazza Mattei, in the Sant'Angelo district of Rome, Italy.", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ It was built between 1580 and 1588 by the architect Giacomo della Porta and the sculptor Taddeo Landini.", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ The bronze turtles around the upper basin, usually attributed either to Gian Lorenzo Bernini or Andrea Sacchi, were added in either 1658 or 1659 when the fountain was restored.", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ The Fontana delle Tatarughe, like all Renaissance fountains, was designed to supply drinking water to the Roman population.", "Fontana delle Tartarughe __knowledge__ It was one of a group of eighteen new fountains built in Rome in the sixteenth century following the restoration of a ruined first century Roman acqueduct, the Acqua Vergine, by Pope Gregory XIII.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Bruno Mattei (30 July 1931 – 21 May 2007) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and editor who directed exploitation films in many genres, including women in prison, nunsploitation, zombie, cannibal and Naziploitation films.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei's films were often following the popular genre trends of the era.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei continued work as a director until his death in 2007.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Bruno Mattei was born on July 30, 1931 in Rome, Italy.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei grew up around films as his father owned a film editing studio.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ He studied at the Centro Sperimentale Centrale, the national film school, and graduated in 1951.", "Bruno Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei initially worked as a screenwriter and claimed to have worked on over 100 films as an editor, a claim that film historian Louis Paul stated was \"difficult to verify\".", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ Asdrubale Mattei (died 1638), Duca di Giove, was an Italian nobleman of the House of Mattei, an avid art collector and a patron of Caravaggio.", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei was the third of three sons of Alessandro Mattei and Emilia Mazzatosta and the younger brother of Ciriaco Mattei and Cardinal Girolamo Mattei.", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ He married Costanza Gonzaga (of the House of Gonzaga) and they had three sons: In 1597, Mattei and his brother Ciriaco paid 65,000 scudi for the fortified comune of Giove which allowed Mattei to be appointed \"Duca di Giove\" (Duke of Giove).", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ Mattei passed the title and property to his son, Girolamo.", "Asdrubale Mattei __knowledge__ Between 1598 and 1618, Mattei commissioned architect Carlo Maderno to build the Palazzo Mattei.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ Dune is a science fiction media franchise that originated with the 1965 novel \"Dune\" by Frank Herbert.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ \"Dune\" is frequently cited as the best-selling science fiction novel in history.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ It won the 1966 Hugo Award and the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel, and was later adapted into a 1984 film and a 2000 television miniseries.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ Herbert wrote five sequels, and the first two were presented as a miniseries in 2003.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ The \"Dune\" universe has also inspired some traditional games and a series of video games.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ Since 2009, the names of planets from the \"Dune\" novels have been adopted for the real-world nomenclature of plains and other features on Saturn's moon Titan.", "List of technology in the Dune universe __knowledge__ The technology in the \"Dune\" universe is a key aspect of the fictional setting of the \"Dune\" series of science fiction novels written by Frank Herbert, and derivative works.", "List of technology in the Dune universe __knowledge__ Herbert's concepts and inventions have been analyzed and deconstructed in at least one book, \"The Science of Dune\" (2008).", "List of technology in the Dune universe __knowledge__ Herbert's originating 1965 novel \"Dune\" is popularly considered one of the greatest science fiction novels of all time, and is frequently cited as the best-selling science fiction novel in history.", "List of technology in the Dune universe __knowledge__ \"Dune\" and its five sequels by Herbert explore the complex and multilayered interactions of politics, religion, ecology and technology, among other themes.", "Organizations of the Dune universe __knowledge__ Multiple organizations of the \"Dune\" universe dominate the political, religious, and social arena of the fictional setting of Frank Herbert's \"Dune\" series of science fiction novels, and derivative works.", "Organizations of the Dune universe __knowledge__ Set tens of thousands of years in the future, the saga chronicles a civilization which has banned computers but has also developed advanced technology and mental and physical abilities through physical training, eugenics and the use of the drug melange.", "Organizations of the Dune universe __knowledge__ Specialized groups of individuals have aligned themselves in organizations focusing on specific abilities, technology and goals.", "Organizations of the Dune universe __knowledge__ Herbert's concepts of human evolution and technology have been analyzed and deconstructed in at least one book, \"The Science of Dune\" (2008).", "Frank Herbert's Children of Dune __knowledge__ Frank Herbert's Children of Dune is a three-part science fiction miniseries written by John Harrison and directed by Greg Yaitanes, based on Frank Herbert's novels \"Dune Messiah\" (1969) and \"Children of Dune\" (1976).", "Frank Herbert's Children of Dune __knowledge__ First broadcast in the United States on March 16, 2003, \"Children of Dune\" is the sequel to the 2000 miniseries \"Frank Herbert's Dune\" (based on Herbert's 1965 novel \"Dune\") and produced by the Sci Fi Channel.", "Frank Herbert's Children of Dune __knowledge__ As of 2004, this miniseries and its predecessor were two of the three highest-rated programs ever to be broadcast on the Sci-Fi Channel.", "Frank Herbert's Children of Dune __knowledge__ In 2003, the critically acclaimed miniseries won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Special Visual Effects.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The Vampire Diaries is an American supernatural drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec, based on the popular book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The series premiered on The CW on September 10, 2009, and concluded on March 10, 2017, airing 171 episodes over eight seasons.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The first season averaged 3.60 million viewers.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ It was the most-watched series on the network before being supplanted by \"Arrow\".", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The show has received numerous award nominations, winning four People's Choice Award and many Teen Choice Awards.", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ The \"Dune\" prequel series is a sequence of novel trilogies written by Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson.", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ Set in the \"Dune\" universe created by Frank Herbert, the novels take place in various time periods before and in between Herbert's original six novels, which began with 1965's \"Dune\".", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ In 1997, Bantam Books made a $3 million deal with the authors for three \"Dune\" prequel novels, partially based upon notes left behind by Frank Herbert, that would come to be known as the \"Prelude to Dune\" trilogy.", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ Starting with 1999's \"\", the duo have published ten \"Dune\" prequel novels to date.", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ In 2011 \"Publishers Weekly\" called the series \"a sprawling edifice that Frank Herbert’s son and Anderson have built on the foundation of the original \"Dune\" novels.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Dune is a 1965 science fiction novel by American author Frank Herbert, originally published as two separate serials in \"Analog\" magazine.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ It tied with Roger Zelazny's \"This Immortal\" for the Hugo Award in 1966, and it won the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ It is the first installment of the \"Dune\" saga, and in 2003 was cited as the world's best-selling science fiction novel.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Set in the distant future amidst a feudal interstellar society in which noble houses, in control of individual planets, owe allegiance to the Padishah Emperor, \"Dune\" tells the story of young Paul Atreides, whose noble family accepts the stewardship of the desert planet Arrakis.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ As this planet is the only source of the oracular spice melange, the most important and valuable substance in the universe, control of Arrakis is a coveted—and dangerous—undertaking.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ The story explores the multi-layered interactions of politics, religion, ecology, technology, and human emotion, as the factions of the empire confront each other in a struggle for the control of Arrakis and its spice.", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ Herbert wrote five sequels: \"Dune Messiah\", \"Children of Dune\", \"God Emperor of Dune\", \"Heretics of Dune\", and \"\".", "Dune (novel) __knowledge__ The first novel also inspired a 1984 film adaptation by David Lynch, the 2000 Sci-Fi Channel miniseries \"Frank Herbert's Dune\" and its 2003 sequel \"Frank Herbert's Children of Dune\" (which combines the events of \"Dune Messiah\" and \"Children of Dune\"), computer games, several board games, songs, and a series of followups, including prequels and sequels, that were co-written by Kevin J. Anderson and the author's son, Brian Herbert, starting in 1999.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ Dune is a science fiction media franchise that originated with the 1965 novel \"Dune\" by Frank Herbert.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ \"Dune\" is frequently cited as the best-selling science fiction novel in history.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ It won the 1966 Hugo Award and the inaugural Nebula Award for Best Novel, and was later adapted into a 1984 film and a 2000 television miniseries.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ Herbert wrote five sequels, and the first two were presented as a miniseries in 2003.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ The \"Dune\" universe has also inspired some traditional games and a series of video games.", "Dune (franchise) __knowledge__ Since 2009, the names of planets from the \"Dune\" novels have been adopted for the real-world nomenclature of plains and other features on Saturn's moon Titan.", "List of technology in the Dune universe __knowledge__ The technology in the \"Dune\" universe is a key aspect of the fictional setting of the \"Dune\" series of science fiction novels written by Frank Herbert, and derivative works.", "List of technology in the Dune universe __knowledge__ Herbert's concepts and inventions have been analyzed and deconstructed in at least one book, \"The Science of Dune\" (2008).", "List of technology in the Dune universe __knowledge__ Herbert's originating 1965 novel \"Dune\" is popularly considered one of the greatest science fiction novels of all time, and is frequently cited as the best-selling science fiction novel in history.", "List of technology in the Dune universe __knowledge__ \"Dune\" and its five sequels by Herbert explore the complex and multilayered interactions of politics, religion, ecology and technology, among other themes.", "Frank Herbert __knowledge__ Franklin Patrick Herbert, Jr. (October 8, 1920 – February 11, 1986) was an American science fiction writer best known for the novel \"Dune\" and its five sequels.", "Frank Herbert __knowledge__ Though he became famous for science fiction, he was also a newspaper journalist, photographer, short story writer, book reviewer, ecological consultant and lecturer.", "Frank Herbert __knowledge__ The \"Dune\" saga, set in the distant future and taking place over millennia, deals with complex themes such as human survival and evolution, ecology, and the intersection of religion, politics, and power.", "Frank Herbert __knowledge__ \"Dune\" itself is the best-selling science fiction novel of all time and the series is widely considered to be among the classics of the genre.", "Organizations of the Dune universe __knowledge__ Multiple organizations of the \"Dune\" universe dominate the political, religious, and social arena of the fictional setting of Frank Herbert's \"Dune\" series of science fiction novels, and derivative works.", "Organizations of the Dune universe __knowledge__ Set tens of thousands of years in the future, the saga chronicles a civilization which has banned computers but has also developed advanced technology and mental and physical abilities through physical training, eugenics and the use of the drug melange.", "Organizations of the Dune universe __knowledge__ Specialized groups of individuals have aligned themselves in organizations focusing on specific abilities, technology and goals.", "Organizations of the Dune universe __knowledge__ Herbert's concepts of human evolution and technology have been analyzed and deconstructed in at least one book, \"The Science of Dune\" (2008).", "Akbar __knowledge__ Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (15 October 1542– 27 October 1605), popularly known as Akbar I (, literally \"the great\") and later Akbar the Great, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605.", "Akbar __knowledge__ Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in India.", "Akbar __knowledge__ A strong personality and a successful general, Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include nearly all of the Indian Subcontinent north of the Godavari river.", "Akbar __knowledge__ His power and influence, however, extended over the entire country because of Mughal military, political, cultural, and economic dominance.", "List of Dune secondary characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of secondary fictional characters from the \"Dune\" franchise created by Frank Herbert.", "List of Dune secondary characters __knowledge__ Leto I Atreides () is the Duke of House Atreides, and father to Paul Atreides.", "List of Dune secondary characters __knowledge__ He is introduced in the 1965 novel \"Dune\", and is later the main character in the \"Prelude to Dune\" prequel trilogy (1999–2001) by Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson.", "List of Dune secondary characters __knowledge__ Leto is portrayed by Jürgen Prochnow in David Lynch's 1984 film \"Dune\", and by William Hurt in the 2000 \"Dune\" miniseries.", "List of Dune secondary characters __knowledge__ Hurt was the first to be cast in the 2000 adaptation.", "List of Dune secondary characters __knowledge__ A fan of the novel, he told \"The New York Times\", \"I was a science fiction junkie ... [Director John Harrison] captured Herbert's prophetic reflection of our own age, where nation-states are competing with the new global economy and its corporate elements.\"", "List of Dune Bene Gesserit __knowledge__ The following is a comprehensive list of Bene Gesserit sisters (and rare male initiates), who are prominent characters from the fictional \"Dune\" universe created by Frank Herbert.", "List of Dune Bene Gesserit __knowledge__ A Bene Gesserit of Hidden Rank, Anirul is noted in \"Dune\" (1965) to be the wife of the 81st Padishah Emperor Shaddam IV and the mother of his five daughters, the Princesses Irulan, Chalice, Wensicia, Josifa and Rugi.", "List of Dune Bene Gesserit __knowledge__ Anirul is also featured in the \"Prelude to Dune\" prequel trilogy (1999–2001) by Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson.", "List of Dune Bene Gesserit __knowledge__ In \"God Emperor of Dune\" (1981), the Truthsayer Tertius Eileen Anteac comes to Arrakis in 13,725 A.G. with Luyseyal for an audience with the God Emperor Leto II that coincides with the Royal Festival held every ten years.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Eastern role-playing video games are role-playing video games developed in East Asia.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Most Eastern role-playing games are Japanese role-playing games (JRPG), developed in Japan.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ Role-playing games are also developed in South Korea and in China.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ While the Japanese video game industry has long been viewed as console-centric in the Western world, due to the worldwide success of Japanese consoles beginning with the NES, the country had in fact produced thousands of commercial personal computer games from the late 1970s up until the mid-1990s, in addition to \"dōjin soft\" independent games.", "History of Eastern role-playing video games __knowledge__ The country's computer market was very fragmented at first; \"Lode Runner\", for example, reportedly required 34 conversions to different hardware platforms.", "Silent Hill __knowledge__ \"Silent Hill\" is set in the series' eponymous fictitious American town.", "Silent Hill __knowledge__ The series is heavily influenced by the literary genre of psychological horror, with its player characters being mostly \"everymen\".", "Silent Hill __knowledge__ The first installment in the series follows Harry Mason as he searches for his missing adopted daughter in the mysterious town of Silent Hill.", "Silent Hill __knowledge__ Stumbling upon a cult conducting a ritual to revive a deity it worships, Harry discovers his daughter's true origin.", "Silent Hill __knowledge__ Multiple game endings are possible, depending on in-game actions taken by the player.", "Silent Hill __knowledge__ It was released in 1999 for the PlayStation.", "Silent Hill __knowledge__ In 2009, the game became available for download from the European PlayStation Network store for the PlayStation 3 and the PlayStation Portable and later, in the same year, from the North American PlayStation Network store.", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ The \"Dune\" prequel series is a sequence of novel trilogies written by Brian Herbert and Kevin J. Anderson.", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ Set in the \"Dune\" universe created by Frank Herbert, the novels take place in various time periods before and in between Herbert's original six novels, which began with 1965's \"Dune\".", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ In 1997, Bantam Books made a $3 million deal with the authors for three \"Dune\" prequel novels, partially based upon notes left behind by Frank Herbert, that would come to be known as the \"Prelude to Dune\" trilogy.", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ Starting with 1999's \"\", the duo have published ten \"Dune\" prequel novels to date.", "Dune prequel series __knowledge__ In 2011 \"Publishers Weekly\" called the series \"a sprawling edifice that Frank Herbert’s son and Anderson have built on the foundation of the original \"Dune\" novels.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 3, 12 ]

[ "My favorite sci-fi book is Dune. It was written in 1965 by Frank Herbert.", "It is the first installment of the \"Dune\" saga. I like how it portrays how people fight over resources in the future.", "Yes there were five sequels so six books all together. The first two books became a 2003 miniseries." ]

[ "Dune (novel)", "Dune (novel)", "Dune (novel)" ]

[ "Pizza", "What makes a good pizza lovely?", "When was the word pizza first used?", "ok how did Pizza become so popular ?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ A Bold Stroke for a Wife is Susanna Centlivre's 18th-century satirical English play first performed in 1718.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ The plot expresses the author's unabashed support of the British Whig Party: she criticises the Tories, religious hypocrisy, and the greed of capitalism.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ Set in 18th-century England, the play tells the story of a military officer who wants to marry a young woman.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ His obstacles are the four guardians who watch over Anne Lovely.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ Each of the four has his own idea of the ideal husband.", "A Bold Stroke for a Wife __knowledge__ The catch is that each is disagreeable in his own way, and they can't possibly see eye to eye on a man for Anne.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box or pizza package is a folding box made of cardboard in which hot pizzas are stored in for takeaway.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The \"pizza box\" also makes home delivery and takeaway substantially easier.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza box has to be highly resistant, cheap, stackable, thermally insulated to regulate humidity and suitable for food transportation.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ In addition, it provides space for advertising.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ The pizza packages differ from those of frozen pizzas, which contain the frozen product in heat-sealed plastic foils as is the case with much frozen food.", "Pizza box __knowledge__ Containers to deliver freshly baked pizzas have existed at least since the 19th century, when Neapolitan pizza bakers put their products in multi-layered metallic containers known as \"stufe\" (singular \"stufa\", \"oven\") and then sent them to the street sellers.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ On 21 September 1986, Ian Wood shot and killed his mistress Danielle Ledez and her daughter Stephanie (aged 3) and severely injured Christopher (aged 5), Ledez's elder child, at Ughill Hall in Bradfield near Sheffield, United Kingdom.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ Wood left his .38 Enfield revolver in the kitchen and called the police before fleeing the scene.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ He went on the run for over a week, making several telephone calls to journalists and family members.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ Eight days later he threatened to jump off the Amiens Cathedral in France but was talked down by the police after seven hours.", "Ughill Hall shootings __knowledge__ He was then extradited back to Sheffield for trial.", "TechMission __knowledge__ TechMission is a Christian non-profit organization located in Dorchester, Massachusetts which aims to use technology to transform vulnerable communities.", "TechMission __knowledge__ Its main goals include bridging the digital divide, protecting youth and families from online pornography, matching Christian volunteers with organizations that need them, and training urban ministry workers in ministry management and development through online courses at City Vision College.", "TechMission __knowledge__ To serve these ends, in 2012, TechMission: • Matched 9,995 volunteers through ChristianVolunteering.org & programs • Funded 65 full-time interns for ministries serving 3,642 at-risk youth through TechMission Corps • Served over 1.3 million unique visitors to UrbanMinistry.org & other websites • Provided accredited college courses with 281 student registrations through City Vision College • Provided $10.3 million in resources to sites only spending $1.5 million (674% return on investment) TechMission was founded in 2000 as an extension of the ministry of the PREP Computer Center, which was a Dorchester-based computer center run as a partnership between Bruce Wall Ministries and two local churches.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Salvatore Cuomo __knowledge__ Salvatore Shigeta (born Salvatore Cuomo) is an Italian-born Japanese celebrity chef, restaurateur and media personality, known for his food-focused television shows and cookbooks, as well as for his restaurants across Asia.", "Salvatore Cuomo __knowledge__ Known in Japan as \"The Pizza Man\" and \"The Grand Chef\", he strives to improve Italian cuisine internationally.", "Salvatore Cuomo __knowledge__ Salvatore Cuomo Restaurants, Catering Services, Cookbooks and Licensed Products are run by Ystable Corporation, owned and operated by Seizaburo Kanayama and Salvatore Cuomo.", "Salvatore Cuomo __knowledge__ Salvatore Cuomo was born in Naples, Italy, in 1972, son of an Italian father and Japanese mother.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni (also known as pepperoni sausage) is an American variety of salami, made from cured pork and beef mixed together and seasoned with paprika or other chili pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Pepperoni is characteristically soft, slightly smoky, and bright red in color.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Thinly sliced pepperoni is a popular pizza topping in American-style pizzerias and is used as filling in the West Virginia pepperoni roll.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The term \"pepperoni\" is a borrowing of \"peperoni\", the plural of \"peperone\", the Italian word for bell pepper.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ The first use of \"pepperoni\" to refer to a sausage dates to 1919.", "Pepperoni __knowledge__ Even if in Italian the word is plural (like the Italian word \"salami\", plural of \"salame\"), the English word pepperoni is used as a singular uncountable noun." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.", "Pizza delivery __knowledge__ A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "Pizza Brain __knowledge__ Pizza Brain is an American pizza culture museum and pizzeria, and home to the world's largest collection of pizza memorabilia and collectibles, headquartered in the Kensington neighborhood of Philadelphia, United States, with the flagship restaurant on Frankford Avenue.", "Pizza Brain __knowledge__ In May 2010, Kensington-based artist Brian Dwyer, along with Christopher Powell, organized \"Give Pizza Chance\"—Philadelphia's first pizza-based art show—in which pizza served as muse for more than 25 artists who displayed their work at a local gallery.", "Pizza Brain __knowledge__ Inspired by the show's success, Dwyer became fascinated with the communal and seemingly boundless reach of pizza, seeking out more pizza-related memorabilia, with the intention of turning the pizza art exhibit into a yearly occurrence.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ Chuck E. Cheese’s (formerly Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre and Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza) is a chain of American family entertainment centers and restaurants.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The chain is the primary brand of CEC Entertainment, Inc. and is headquartered in Irving, Texas.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The establishment serves pizza and other menu items, complemented by arcade games, amusement rides, and animatronic displays as a focus of entertainment for the entire family.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The brand derives its name from its main animatronic character Chuck E. Cheese, a comedic mouse who sings and interacts with guests.", "Chuck E. Cheese's __knowledge__ The first location opened in San Jose, California, as Chuck E. Cheese's Pizza Time Theatre on May 17, 1977.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Two Guys and a Girl (originally titled Two Guys, a Girl and a Pizza Place) is an American sitcom created by Kenny Schwartz and Danny Jacobson.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ It was originally broadcast on ABC from March 10, 1998, to May 16, 2001.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ Eighty-one episodes were aired over four seasons.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The series starred Ryan Reynolds, Richard Ruccolo, and Traylor Howard as the title characters.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ The second season saw the arrival of two additional recurring characters, Johnny Donnelly (Nathan Fillion) and Ashley Walker (Suzanne Cryer).", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ In 2000, ABC bounced the sitcom from midweek to Friday night, leading to a steep drop in ratings.", "Two Guys and a Girl __knowledge__ After the show moved back to Wednesday for a two-week trial in an unsuccessful attempt to regain ratings, it was cancelled in May 2001.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Anglo-Saxons __knowledge__ The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century.", "Anglo-Saxons __knowledge__ They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language.", "Anglo-Saxons __knowledge__ Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest.", "Anglo-Saxons __knowledge__ The early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "Pizza is quite possibly my favorite food - that bread with sauce and toppings and all the melty, gooey, yummy cheese!!! Do you like pizza?", "Oh let's see!! For me meats and lots and lots of cheese - all kinds of meats also, chicken, pepperoni, sausage, cheese - hey, did I mention I like cheese - haha!", "Hmm..I believe it was in the 10th century in a Latin manuscript, but whenever it was it created an awesome pizza culture! There is a pizza place on nearly every corner now - I wonder if they realized what a revolution it would bring about ?", "Well, it may have had something to do with Neapolitan pizza being registered with the EU as a Traditional Specialty Guaranteed dish - it is THE most popular food in the world!" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Yellow", "Yes, it is one of the primary colors, along with red and blue. ", "Wow, that is very scientific! Yellow signifies a lot of things. It can be very cheerful but also can be a color used for warning.", "I find that yellow makes me sort of agitated. I am not a big fan of yellow. I prefer blue." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yellow __knowledge__ Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of visible light.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ They absorb light energy and protect plants from photodamage.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Sunlight has a slight yellowish hue, due to the surface temperature of the sun.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Because it was widely available, yellow ochre pigment was one of the first colors used in art; the Lascaux cave in France has a painting of a yellow horse 17,000 years old.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Ochre and orpiment pigments were used to represent gold and skin color in Egyptian tombs, then in the murals in Roman villas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the early Christian church, yellow was the color associated with the Pope and the golden keys of the Kingdom, but was also associated with Judas Iscariot and was used to mark heretics.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the 20th century, Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe were forced to wear a yellow star." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yellow __knowledge__ Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of visible light.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ They absorb light energy and protect plants from photodamage.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Sunlight has a slight yellowish hue, due to the surface temperature of the sun.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Because it was widely available, yellow ochre pigment was one of the first colors used in art; the Lascaux cave in France has a painting of a yellow horse 17,000 years old.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Ochre and orpiment pigments were used to represent gold and skin color in Egyptian tombs, then in the murals in Roman villas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the early Christian church, yellow was the color associated with the Pope and the golden keys of the Kingdom, but was also associated with Judas Iscariot and was used to mark heretics.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the 20th century, Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe were forced to wear a yellow star.", "Color theory __knowledge__ In the visual arts, color theory or colour theory is a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination.", "Color theory __knowledge__ There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel: primary color, secondary color and tertiary color.", "Color theory __knowledge__ Although color theory principles first appeared in the writings of Leone Battista Alberti (c.1435) and the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), a tradition of \"colory theory\" began in the 18th century, initially within a partisan controversy over Isaac Newton's theory of color (\"Opticks\", 1704) and the nature of primary colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High).", "Primary color __knowledge__ A set of primary colors is, most tangibly, a set of \"real\" physical pigmented media or colored lights that can be combined in varying amounts to produce a \"gamut\" of colors.", "Primary color __knowledge__ This is the essential method used in applications that are intended to elicit the perception of diverse sets of color, e.g.", "Primary color __knowledge__ electronic displays, color printing, and paintings.", "Primary color __knowledge__ Perceptions associated with a given combination of primary colors are predicted by applying the appropriate mixing model (additive, subtractive, additive averaging etc.)", "Primary color __knowledge__ that embodies the underlying physics of how light interacts with the media and ultimately the retina.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ There are two types of color mixing: \"Additive\" and \"Subtractive\".", "Color mixing __knowledge__ In both cases, there are three primary colors, three secondary colors (colors made from 2 of the three primary colors in equal amounts), and one tertiary color made from all three primary colors.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ This point is a common source of confusion, as there are different sets of primary colors depending on whether you are working with additive or subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ The additive mixing of colors is unintuitive as it does not correspond to the mixing of physical substances (such as paint) which would correspond to subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ For instance, one can additively mix yellow and blue by shining yellow light together with blue light, which will result in not green but a white light.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ RGB is a \"device-dependent\" color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and B levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ This article provides introductory information about the RGB, HSV, and HSL color models from a computer graphics (Web page, image) perspective.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ An introduction to colors is also provided to support the main discussion.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ First, \"color\" refers to the human brain's subjective interpretation of combinations of a narrow band of wavelengths of light.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ For this reason, the definition of \"color\" is not based on a strict set of physical phenomena.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ Therefore, even basic concepts like \"primary colors\" are not clearly defined.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ For example, traditional \"Painter's Colors\" use red, blue, and yellow as the primary colors, \"Printer's Colors\" use cyan, yellow, and magenta, and \"Light Colors\" use red, green, and blue.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ A color wheel or colour circle is an abstract illustrative organization of color hues around a circle, which shows the relationships between primary colors, secondary colors, tertiary colors etc.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Some sources use the terms \"color wheel\" and \"color circle\" interchangeably; however, one term or the other may be more prevalent in certain fields or certain versions as mentioned above.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ For instance, some reserve the term \"color wheel\" for mechanical rotating devices, such as color tops or filter wheels.", "Color wheel __knowledge__ Others classify various color wheels as \"color disc\", \"color chart\", and \"color scale\" varieties.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The following episodes are the episode list for Endurance.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ Episode seven, fifteen, and sixteen are specials.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The seventh episode recaps the events of the first six days of the competition.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ The fifteenth and the sixteenth episodes reunites the cast nearly one year since the series has started.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ In the series premiere, 20 strangers arrive on an island somewhere in the Pacific Ocean, where they meet the host, J.D.", "List of Endurance episodes __knowledge__ Roth, who explains the rules to them: every day, there will be a mission that will give one of seven teams a Pyramid Piece, an important item needed to win the game (the pieces are Courage, Heart, Knoweledge, Leadership, Commitment, Perseverance, Trust, Discipline, Strength, and Luck), and the following day features a Temple Mission, which gives the winning team a chance to send two other teams to the Temple of Fate, where one team is eliminated.", "Green __knowledge__ Green is the color between blue and yellow on the visible spectrum.", "Green __knowledge__ It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm.", "Green __knowledge__ In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors.", "Green __knowledge__ By far the largest contributor to green in nature is chlorophyll, the chemical by which plants photosynthesize and convert sunlight into chemical energy.", "Color term __knowledge__ A color term (or color name) is a word or phrase that refers to a specific color.", "Color term __knowledge__ The color term may refer to human perception of that color (which is affected by visual context) which is usually defined according to the Munsell color system, or to an underlying physical property (such as a specific wavelength of visible light).", "Color term __knowledge__ There are also numerical systems of color specification, referred to as color spaces.", "Color term __knowledge__ An important distinction must be established between color and shape, these two attributes usually are used in conjunction with one another when describing in language.", "Color term __knowledge__ For example, being labeled as alternative parts of speech terms color term and shape term.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ Many languages do not distinguish between what in English are described as \"blue\" and \"green\" and instead use a cover term spanning both.", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ To describe this English lexical gap, linguists use the portmanteau word \"grue\", from \"green\" and \"blue\", which the philosopher Nelson Goodman coined in his 1955 \"Fact, Fiction, and Forecast\" to illustrate the \"new riddle of induction\".", "Blue–green distinction in language __knowledge__ The exact definition of \"blue\" and \"green\" may be complicated by the speakers not primarily distinguishing the hue, but using terms that describe other color components such as saturation and luminosity, or other properties of the object being described.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ On Vision and Colors () is a treatise by Arthur Schopenhauer that was published in May 1816 when the author was 28 years old.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ Schopenhauer had extensive discussions with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe about the poet's \"Theory of Colours\" of 1810, in the months around the turn of the years 1813 and 1814, and basically shared Goethe's views.", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ Schopenhauer tried to demonstrate physiologically that color is \"specially modified activity of the retina.\"", "On Vision and Colors __knowledge__ The initial basis for Schopenhauer's color theory comes from Goethe's chapter on physiological colors, which discusses three principal pairs of contrasting colors: red/green, orange/blue, and yellow/violet." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yellow __knowledge__ Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of visible light.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ They absorb light energy and protect plants from photodamage.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Sunlight has a slight yellowish hue, due to the surface temperature of the sun.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Because it was widely available, yellow ochre pigment was one of the first colors used in art; the Lascaux cave in France has a painting of a yellow horse 17,000 years old.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Ochre and orpiment pigments were used to represent gold and skin color in Egyptian tombs, then in the murals in Roman villas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the early Christian church, yellow was the color associated with the Pope and the golden keys of the Kingdom, but was also associated with Judas Iscariot and was used to mark heretics.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the 20th century, Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe were forced to wear a yellow star.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation or intensity) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Green is common in nature, especially in plants.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many plants are green mainly because of a complex chemical known as chlorophyll which is involved in photosynthesis.", "Shades of green __knowledge__ Many shades of green have been named after plants or are related to plants.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ Emergency vehicle lighting is one or more visual warning lights fitted to a vehicle for use when the driver wishes to convey to other road users the urgency of their journey, to provide additional warning of a hazard when stationary, or in the case of law enforcement as a means of signalling another driver to stop for interaction with an officer.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ These lights may be dedicated emergency lights, such as a beacon or a light bar, or may be modified stock lighting, such as a wig-wag or hide-away light, and are additional to any standard lighting on the car such as hazard lights.", "Emergency vehicle lighting __knowledge__ Often, they are used along with a siren (or occasionally sirens) in order to increase their effectiveness.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ The following is a list of Mr. Men, from the children's book series by Roger Hargreaves, also adapted into the children's television programme \"The Mr. Men Show\".", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Books one (\"Mr. Tickle\") to forty-three (\"Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Cheerful\") were written by Hargreaves, and the remainder by his son, Adam Hargreaves.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Adventure is the 49th book in the \"Mr. Men\" series and the sixth one created by Adam Hargreaves.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Adventure is yellow and bean shaped with a yellow nose.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ He wears red shoes and a blue cap, along with a green backpack.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Bounce is the 22nd book in the \"Mr. Men\" series.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Mr.", "List of Mr. Men __knowledge__ Bounce is yellow and round and wears a pink hat.", "Color __knowledge__ Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color \"categories\", with names such as red, blue, yellow, green, orange, or purple.", "Color __knowledge__ This perception of color derives from the stimulation of cone cells in the human eye by electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of light.", "Color __knowledge__ Color categories and physical specifications of color are associated with objects through the wavelength of the light that is reflected from them.", "Color __knowledge__ This reflection is governed by the object's physical properties such as light absorption, emission spectra, etc.", "Green __knowledge__ Green is the color between blue and yellow on the visible spectrum.", "Green __knowledge__ It is evoked by light which has a dominant wavelength of roughly 495570 nm.", "Green __knowledge__ In subtractive color systems, used in painting and color printing, it is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors.", "Green __knowledge__ By far the largest contributor to green in nature is chlorophyll, the chemical by which plants photosynthesize and convert sunlight into chemical energy.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ In color science, the dominant wavelength (and the corresponding complementary wavelength) are ways of characterizing any light mixture in terms of the monochromatic spectral light that evokes an identical (and the corresponding opposite) perception of hue.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ For a given physical light mixture, the dominant and complementary wavelengths are not entirely fixed, but vary according to the illuminating light's precise color, called the white point, due to the color constancy of vision.", "Dominant wavelength __knowledge__ On the CIE color coordinate space , a straight line drawn between the point for a given color and the point for the color of the illuminant can be extrapolated out so that it intersects the perimeter of the space in two points.", "List of colors by shade __knowledge__ This is a list of colors sorted by shade.", "List of colors by shade __knowledge__ White is a balanced combination of all the colors of the visible light spectrum, or of a pair of complementary colors, or of three or more colors, such as additive primary colors.", "List of colors by shade __knowledge__ It is a neutral or achromatic (\"without color\") color, like black and gray.", "List of colors by shade __knowledge__ Achromatic grays are colors between black and white with no hue.", "List of colors by shade __knowledge__ Chromatic grays are achromatic grays mixed with warm hues such as orange (\"warm grays\") or cool hues such as azure (\"cool grays\").", "List of colors by shade __knowledge__ This gray color template includes both achromatic and chromatic grays.", "List of colors by shade __knowledge__ Black is the darkest color, the result of the absence or complete absorption of light.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Ultraviolet (UV) is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ UV radiation constitutes about 10% of the total light output of the Sun, and is thus present in sunlight.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ It is also produced by electric arcs and specialized lights, such as mercury-vapor lamps, tanning lamps, and black lights.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Although it's not considered an ionizing radiation because its photons lack the energy to ionize atoms, long-wavelength ultraviolet radiation can cause chemical reactions and causes many substances to glow or fluoresce.", "Ultraviolet __knowledge__ Consequently, the chemical and biological effects of UV are greater than simple heating effects, and many practical applications of UV radiation derive from its interactions with organic molecules.", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography __knowledge__ Extreme ultraviolet lithography (also known as \"EUV\" or \"EUVL\") is a next-generation lithography technology using an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelength, currently expected to be 13.5 nm.", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography __knowledge__ EUV is currently being developed for high volume use by 2020.", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography __knowledge__ The tool consists of a laser-driven tin (Sn) plasma light source, reflective optics comprising multilayer mirrors, contained within a hydrogen gas ambient.", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography __knowledge__ The hydrogen is used for keeping the EUV collector mirror in the source free of Sn deposition.", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography __knowledge__ EUVL is a significant departure from the deep ultraviolet lithography standard.", "Extreme ultraviolet lithography __knowledge__ All matter absorbs EUV radiation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Yellow __knowledge__ Yellow is the color between green and orange on the spectrum of visible light.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm.", "Yellow __knowledge__ It is a primary color in subtractive color systems, used in painting or color printing.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the RGB color model, used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Carotenoids give the characteristic yellow color to autumn leaves, corn, canaries, daffodils, and lemons, as well as egg yolks, buttercups, and bananas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ They absorb light energy and protect plants from photodamage.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Sunlight has a slight yellowish hue, due to the surface temperature of the sun.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Because it was widely available, yellow ochre pigment was one of the first colors used in art; the Lascaux cave in France has a painting of a yellow horse 17,000 years old.", "Yellow __knowledge__ Ochre and orpiment pigments were used to represent gold and skin color in Egyptian tombs, then in the murals in Roman villas.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the early Christian church, yellow was the color associated with the Pope and the golden keys of the Kingdom, but was also associated with Judas Iscariot and was used to mark heretics.", "Yellow __knowledge__ In the 20th century, Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe were forced to wear a yellow star.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters who appear in the series Static Shock.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ Virgil Ovid Hawkins/Static (Phil LaMarr) He is an African-American 9th grade high school student in Dakota City.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ As a result of accidental exposure to an experimental mutagen in an event known as the Big Bang, he gained the ability to control and manipulate electromagnetism, and uses these powers to become a superhero named \"Static.\"", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ Countless others who were also exposed gained a wide variety of mutations and abilities, and Static spends much of his time dealing with these \"Bang Babies\", many of whom use their abilities in selfish, harmful, and even criminal ways.Virgil is named after the first African-American to go to law school (who was himself named for the Roman poets Virgil and Ovid).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appear in \"\".", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are listed in alphabetical order.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Most characters are seen in their classic appearance (Catwoman, Green Arrow), while others (Blue Beetle) have their current costume.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ Some have even been re-imagined for the show (the Outsiders).", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ The characters are described below using in-universe tone.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ 'Mazing Man is a short man who dresses up as a superhero.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ In the \"Kitty Catastrophe\" segment of \"Four Star Spectacular\", he is the accident-prone catsitter for a couple named Owen and Fiona.", "List of Batman: The Brave and the Bold characters __knowledge__ It is apparent that Batman is his favorite superhero and the inspiration for his costume.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. is an American video game developer founded in 1994 by special-effects and computer-animation veterans Sherry McKenna and Lorne Lanning.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The company is primarily known for the incomplete \"Oddworld Quintology\", a series of award-winning video games about the fictional planet of Oddworld and its native creatures.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ The series debuted with \"\" in 1997 and continued with \"\" in 2001 but the studio has also developed standalone titles \"\" in 1998 and \"\" in 2005.", "Oddworld Inhabitants __knowledge__ Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from game development for a time following the release of \"Stranger's Wrath\", even though it had already begun preliminary work on its next Oddworld title, \"The Brutal Ballad of Fangus Klot\".", "Color printing __knowledge__ Color printing or colour printing is the reproduction of an image or text in color (as opposed to simpler black and white or monochrome printing).", "Color printing __knowledge__ Any natural scene or color photograph can be optically and physiologically dissected into three primary colors, red, green and blue, roughly equal amounts of which give rise to the perception of white, and different proportions of which give rise to the visual sensations of all other colors.", "Color printing __knowledge__ The additive combination of any two primary colors in roughly equal proportion gives rise to the perception of a secondary color.", "Color printing __knowledge__ For example, red and green yields yellow, red and blue yields magenta (a purple hue), and green and blue yield cyan (a turquoise hue).", "Eastern Color Printing __knowledge__ The Eastern Color Printing Company was a company that published comic books, beginning in 1933.", "Eastern Color Printing __knowledge__ At first it was only newspaper comic strip reprints, but later on original material was published.", "Eastern Color Printing __knowledge__ Eastern Color Printing was incorporated in 1928, and soon became successful by printing color newspaper sections for several New England and New York papers.", "Eastern Color Printing __knowledge__ Eastern is most notable for its production of \"Funnies on Parade\" and \"Famous Funnies\", two publications that gave birth to the American comic book industry.", "Eastern Color Printing __knowledge__ Eastern published its own comic books until the mid-1950s, and continued to print comic books for other publishers until 1973.", "CMYK color model __knowledge__ The CMYK color model (process color, four color) is a subtractive color model, used in color printing, and is also used to describe the printing process itself.", "CMYK color model __knowledge__ CMYK refers to the four inks used in some color printing: cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (black).", "CMYK color model __knowledge__ Although it varies by print house, press operator, press manufacturer, and press run, ink is typically applied in the order of the abbreviation.", "CMYK color model __knowledge__ The \"K\" in CMYK stands for \"key\" because in four-color printing, cyan, magenta, and yellow printing plates are carefully \"keyed,\" or aligned, with the \"key\" of the black \"key plate\".", "CMYK color model __knowledge__ Some sources suggest that the \"K\" in CMYK comes from the last letter in \"black\" and was chosen because B already means blue.", "History of printing __knowledge__ The history of printing goes back to the duplication of images by means of stamps in very early times.", "History of printing __knowledge__ The use of round seals for rolling an impression into clay tablets goes back to early Mesopotamian civilization before 3000 BCE, they feature complex and beautiful images.", "History of printing __knowledge__ In both China and Egypt, the use of small stamps for seals preceded the use of larger blocks.", "History of printing __knowledge__ In China, India and Europe, printing on cloth certainly preceded printing on paper or papyrus.", "History of printing __knowledge__ The process is essentially the same: in Europe special presentation impressions of prints were often printed on silk until the 17th century.", "Worldcolor __knowledge__ World Color Press Inc. (\"Worldcolor\") (formerly Quebecor World) was a company which provided high-value and comprehensive print, digital, and related services to businesses worldwide.", "Worldcolor __knowledge__ World Color and its subsidiaries printed various commercial products, including comic books, magazines, brochures, direct mail and newspaper inserts, and directories, while also providing clients a broad range of pre-press services, such as desktop production and assembly.", "Worldcolor __knowledge__ World Color was the first printer to make comic book printing a major part of its business plan, and throughout most of its history was the dominant North American printer of comics and associated publications.", "Magenta __knowledge__ Magenta () is a color that is variously defined as purplish-red, reddish-purple, purplish-pink, or mauvish-crimson.", "Magenta __knowledge__ On computer screens, it is made by mixing equal amounts of blue and red.", "Magenta __knowledge__ On color wheels of the RGB (additive) and CMY (subtractive) color models, it is located midway between red and blue.", "Magenta __knowledge__ It is the complementary color of green.", "Magenta __knowledge__ It is one of the four colors of ink used in color printing and by an inkjet printer, along with cyan, yellow, and black, to make all the other colors.", "Magenta __knowledge__ The tone of magenta used in printing is called \"printer's magenta\".", "Magenta __knowledge__ Magenta took its name from an aniline dye made and patented in 1859 by the French chemist François-Emmanuel Verguin, who originally called it \"fuchsine\"." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "Yellow is a color between green and orange", "It is evoked by light with a dominant wavelength of roughly 570590 nm ", "Yes, It is used in painting and color printing ", "Really? Yellow is secondary color made by combining red and green at equal intensity" ]

[ "Yellow", "Yellow", "Yellow", "Yellow" ]

[ "Linguine", "No. Please tell me more", "Ok. Have you had them before?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine (; ) is type of pasta – like fettuccine and trenette, but elliptical in section rather than flat.", "Linguine __knowledge__ It is about in width, which is wider than spaghetti but not as wide as fettuccine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ The name \"linguine\" means \"little tongues\" in Italian, where it is a plural of the feminine \"linguina\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine are also called \"trenette\" or \"bavette\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ A thinner version of linguine is called linguettine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine originated in Genoa and the Liguria region of Italy.", "Linguine __knowledge__ \"Linguine alle vongole\" (linguine with clams) and \"Trenette al pesto\" are popular uses of this pasta.", "Linguine __knowledge__ While spaghetti traditionally accompanies meat and tomato dishes, linguine are often served with seafood or pesto.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine is typically available in both white flour and whole-wheat versions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine (; ) is type of pasta – like fettuccine and trenette, but elliptical in section rather than flat.", "Linguine __knowledge__ It is about in width, which is wider than spaghetti but not as wide as fettuccine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ The name \"linguine\" means \"little tongues\" in Italian, where it is a plural of the feminine \"linguina\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine are also called \"trenette\" or \"bavette\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ A thinner version of linguine is called linguettine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine originated in Genoa and the Liguria region of Italy.", "Linguine __knowledge__ \"Linguine alle vongole\" (linguine with clams) and \"Trenette al pesto\" are popular uses of this pasta.", "Linguine __knowledge__ While spaghetti traditionally accompanies meat and tomato dishes, linguine are often served with seafood or pesto.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine is typically available in both white flour and whole-wheat versions.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ Chauka, please tell us the time is a documentary movie co-directed by Behrouz Boochani and Arash Kamali Sarvestani.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ It was shot by Behrouz Boochani from inside the Manus Island detention center in Papua New Guinea.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The entire movie was shot over a period of several months on a mobile phone, which was kept secret from the prison authorities.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ Chauka is the name of a native bird on Manus Island and is also the name of the solitary confinement unit at Manus detention center.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The Chauka is a symbol of the island and allows locals to tell the time from the Chauka's regular singing.", "Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time __knowledge__ The co-director, Arash Kamali Sarvestani lives in the Netherlands.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ Behrouz Boochani (Born July 23, 1983 in Ilam, Iran) is a Kurdish journalist, human rights defender, poet and film producer.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ He is the co-director, along with Arash Kamali Sarvestani, of the documentary \"Chauka, Please Tell Us the Time\" Behrouz Boochani graduated from Tarbiat Modares University with a master's degree in Political Geography and Geopolitics.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ Boochani worked as a freelance journalist for the Iranian newspapers Kasbokar Weekly, Qanoon, and Etemaad where he published articles on Middle-East politics, minority rights and the survival of Kurdish culture.", "Behrouz Boochani __knowledge__ He cofounded and produced the Kurdish magazine Werya.", "Satya Narayan (Hindu deity) __knowledge__ Thakur Shri Saty Narayan Ji (or SatyNarayan) meaning \"True Image Of Narayan, Satya Roop Of Narayan\", is a deity worshipped by Hindus, mainly in the Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh, (Uttar Prdesh), Chhattisgarh, West Bengal, Jharkhand, Bihar, Assam, Manipur and Tripura or his avatar Krishna by the Hindus.", "Satya Narayan (Hindu deity) __knowledge__ Saty Narayan Ji is worshipped as part of a triad on the “Ratnavedi\" (jewelled platform).", "Satya Narayan (Hindu deity) __knowledge__ The icon of Saty Narayan is a carved and decorated stone stump with beautiful eyes and with stumps as hands, Saty Narayan Ji hasfour Hands each hand Carries Shankh, Chakra, Gadda and one hand in blessing Position Respectively.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ Adi Parashakti or Adishakti (Sanskrit: आदिशक्ति) is the Supreme Being goddess in the Shaktism sect of Hinduism.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ She is also popularly referred to as \"Parama Shakti\", \"Maha Shakti\", \"Mahadevi\", Parvati, or even simply as \"Shakti\".", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ \"Parama\" means \"absolute\", \"Satya\" means the Truth as per many Shakta texts.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ The Devi Bhagavata Mahapurana states that Adi Parashakti is the original creator, observer and destroyer of the whole universe.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ As per Shaktism, Adi Parashakti appeared as Divine Pure Eternal Consciousness i.e.", "Adi Parashakti __knowledge__ Shoonya Bindu, the divine zero feminine energy, which then expresses itself as Prakriti (Universal Nature).", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ Śrinivāsa Āchārya Thakur (May 15, c. 1517 – May 9, ?)", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ was a famous Vaishnava guru, the pupil of Jiva Gosvamin and teacher of Yadunandana dasa and Radhavallabha dasa, among others.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ He converted King Birahambira to Vaishnava.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ His daughter, Hemalata Thakurani, was also a guru.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ Srinivas Acharya is a Parsada.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ He is the abhinna kalevara or identical body of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ It is believed that Sri Chaitanya carried out his works of spreading the message of Vaishnavaism through Sri Srinivas Acharya.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ He was invited to come in this world personally by Lord Chaitanya.", "Srinivasa Acarya __knowledge__ There were two expansions of Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu: The first expansion are the six Goswamis, who He entrusted to discover Vrindavan, to establish the holy worship of the Lord's deity and to give the bhakti-grantha, the Holy scriptures to protect the bhakti path.", "K. Muthukumar __knowledge__ K. Muthukumar was a Tamil journalist and activist based in Tamil Nadu, who came into prominence when he set himself on fire protesting against the brutal atrocities against the Sri Lankan Tamil people at the peak of civil war in the country.", "K. Muthukumar __knowledge__ His death instantly triggered widespread strikes, demonstrations and public unrest in the state, most notably the manifestation of popular defiance of the Government of India ban against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, which the people demonstrated carrying flags of Tamil Eelam, placards and images of the LTTE leader V. Prabhakaran in the funeral procession of Muthukumar.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ Ulrich Friedrich Wilhelm Joachim von Ribbentrop (30 April 1893 – 16 October 1946), more commonly known as Joachim von Ribbentrop, was Foreign Minister of Nazi Germany from 1938 until 1945.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ Ribbentrop first came to Adolf Hitler's notice as a well-travelled businessman with more knowledge of the outside world than most senior Nazis and as an authority on world affairs.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ He offered his house for the secret meetings in January 1933 that resulted in Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany.", "Joachim von Ribbentrop __knowledge__ He became a close confidant of Hitler, to the disgust of some party members, who thought him superficial and lacking in talent.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Fettuccine Alfredo __knowledge__ Fettuccine Alfredo () or fettuccine al burro is a pasta dish made from fettuccine tossed with Parmesan cheese and butter.", "Fettuccine Alfredo __knowledge__ As the cheese melts, it emulsifies the liquids to form a smooth and rich sauce coating on the pasta.", "Fettuccine Alfredo __knowledge__ In other words, it is pasta with butter and Parmesan cheese (), one of the oldest and simplest ways to prepare pasta.", "Fettuccine Alfredo __knowledge__ Alfredo Di Lelio gave it this name at his restaurants in Rome, in the early to mid 20th century.", "Fettuccine Alfredo __knowledge__ The dish became popularized and spread to the United States.", "Fettuccine Alfredo __knowledge__ The recipe has evolved and its commercialized version is now ubiquitous with heavy cream and other ingredients.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ Carbonara () is an Italian pasta dish from Rome made with egg, hard cheese, guanciale (pork cheek), and pepper.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ The recipe is not fixed, with any sort of hard cheese and any kind of pasta being acceptable.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ Cooks often use pancetta instead of guanciale.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ Another common substitute outside Italy is lardons of smoked bacon.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ The cheese is usually Pecorino Romano.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ Spaghetti is the usual pasta, however, fettuccine, rigatoni, linguine, or bucatini are also used.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ The dish was created in the middle of the 20th century.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ The pasta is cooked in moderately-salted boiling water.", "Carbonara __knowledge__ The guanciale is briefly fried in olive oil so that it does not become too crispy and instead remains soft.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Instant noodles are sold in a precooked and dried noodle block, with flavoring powder and/or seasoning oil.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The flavoring is usually in a separate packet, although in the case of cup noodles the flavoring is often loose in the cup.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Some instant noodle products are seal packed; these can be reheated or eaten straight from the packet/container.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Dried noodle blocks are cooked or soaked in boiling water before eating.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ The main ingredients used in dried noodles are usually wheat flour, palm oil, and salt.", "Instant noodle __knowledge__ Common ingredients in the flavoring powder are salt, monosodium glutamate, seasoning, and sugar.", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ Bolognese sauce , known in Italian as ragù alla bolognese ], ragù bolognese ], or simply ragù, is a meat-based sauce originating from Bologna, Italy, hence the name.", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ In Italian cuisine, it is customarily used to dress \"\"tagliatelle al ragù\"\" and to prepare \"\"lasagne alla bolognese\"\".", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ In the absence of tagliatelle, it can also be used with other broad, flat pasta shapes, such as pappardelle or fettuccine.", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ Genuine \"ragù alla bolognese\" is a slowly cooked sauce, and its preparation involves several techniques, including sweating, sautéing and braising.", "Bolognese sauce __knowledge__ Ingredients include a characteristic soffritto of onion, celery and carrot, different types of minced or finely chopped beef, often alongside small amounts of fatty pork.", "Fettuccine __knowledge__ Fettuccine (; literally \"little ribbons\" in Italian; sing.", "Fettuccine __knowledge__ \"Fettuccina\") is a type of pasta popular in Roman and Tuscan cuisine.", "Fettuccine __knowledge__ It is a flat thick pasta made of egg and flour (usually one egg for every 100 g of flour), wider than but similar to the tagliatelle typical of Bologna.", "Fettuccine __knowledge__ It is often eaten with \"sugo d'umido\" (beef ragù) and \"ragù di pollo\" (chicken ragù).", "Fettuccine __knowledge__ Fettuccine is traditionally made fresh (either at home or commercially) but dried fettuccine can also be bought in shops.", "Fettuccine __knowledge__ Spinach fettuccine is made from spinach, flour, and eggs.", "Fettuccine __knowledge__ Dishes made with fettuccine include Fettuccine Alfredo." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine (; ) is type of pasta – like fettuccine and trenette, but elliptical in section rather than flat.", "Linguine __knowledge__ It is about in width, which is wider than spaghetti but not as wide as fettuccine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ The name \"linguine\" means \"little tongues\" in Italian, where it is a plural of the feminine \"linguina\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine are also called \"trenette\" or \"bavette\".", "Linguine __knowledge__ A thinner version of linguine is called linguettine.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine originated in Genoa and the Liguria region of Italy.", "Linguine __knowledge__ \"Linguine alle vongole\" (linguine with clams) and \"Trenette al pesto\" are popular uses of this pasta.", "Linguine __knowledge__ While spaghetti traditionally accompanies meat and tomato dishes, linguine are often served with seafood or pesto.", "Linguine __knowledge__ Linguine is typically available in both white flour and whole-wheat versions.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ I'm OK – You're OK is a 1969 self-help book by Thomas Anthony Harris.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is a practical guide to transactional analysis as a method for solving problems in life.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ The book made the \"New York Times\" Best Seller list in 1972 and remained there for almost two years.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is estimated by the publisher to have sold over 15 million copies to date and to have been translated into over a dozen languages.http://www.drthomasharris.com/im-ok-youre-ok-book-thomas-harris/ In the preface, Harris praises the then-new procedure of transactional analysis (TA, or as Harris often refers to it, P-A-C) as a major innovation addressing the slow process and limited results that he and other psychiatric practitioners believed was characteristic of conventional psychiatry.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ One Ok Rock, stylized as ONE OK ROCK (pronounced in Japanese as \"one o'clock\"), is a Japanese rock band formed in Tokyo, Japan in 2005.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band currently consists of Takahiro Moriuchi (vocals), Toru Yamashita (guitar/leader), Ryota Kohama (bass), and Tomoya Kanki (drums).", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They have been playing many different styles of rock music, with songs ranging from alternative rock to emo to post-hardcore to pop rock.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band's name, ONE OK ROCK, comes from \"one o'clock\", the time that the band used to practice on weekends.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They chose to play at one o'clock in the morning because it was cheaper to use the rehearsal space during such hours.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ OK Motor Services was a bus company operating in County Durham from 1912 until the 1990s when purchased by the Go-Ahead Group.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ Following rationalisation and rebranding, the OK livery disappeared from the roads as services were integrated with Go North East.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ OK Motor Services was founded in Evenwood, County Durham, by Wade Emmerson on 6 April 1912.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ The first route was from Evenwood to Bishop Auckland.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ The original name was the Gaunless Valley Motor Services with the name OK coming from a consortium of operators who started to run from the area to the Great North Exhibition in Newcastle in the late-1920s.", "OK Soda __knowledge__ OK Soda was a soft drink created by The Coca-Cola Company in 1993 that aggressively courted the Generation X demographic with unusual advertising tactics, including endorsements and even outright negative publicity.", "OK Soda __knowledge__ It did not sell well in select test markets and was officially declared out of production in 1995 before reaching nationwide distribution.", "OK Soda __knowledge__ The drink's slogan was \"Everything is going to be OK.\" In 1993, Coca-Cola CEO Roberto Goizueta rehired Sergio Zyman to be the chief of marketing for all Coca-Cola beverage brands, a surprising choice given that Zyman had worked closely with the New Coke campaign, possibly the largest advertising failure in Coke's history.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ Bavette is a type of pasta, a narrower version of tagliatelle.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ It is a ribbon noodle, similar to spaghetti, that has a flat section and a slightly convex shape.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ This type of pasta originates in Genoa and are the most typical type of Ligurian pasta cut.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ Although it can be disputed, Bavette is one of the more ancient types of long pasta.", "Bavette (pasta) __knowledge__ Bavette is most frequently paired with traditional pesto sauces, but also pairs well with vegetables.", "Trenette __knowledge__ Trenette is a type of narrow, flat, dried pasta especially associated with Genoa and Liguria.", "Trenette __knowledge__ Trenette is the most traditional form of pasta served with pesto alla genovese, a dish known as trenette al pesto, which can also include potatoes and green beans boiled in the same water.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 8 ]

[ "Have you ever had linguine, it's a big of a wider noodle than spaghetti, but not as wide as fettuccine.", "They've also called them trenette or bavette - which i have no idea what those mean LOL!", "Yes, they are traditionally served with seafood or pesto, but I do not like pesto. I've had shrimp linguine and it was amazing" ]

[ "Linguine", "Linguine", "Linguine" ]

[ "New York City\ntell me more about NYC", "Amazing, what is the figure", "What other thing can you tell me about NYC?", "is it tourist friendly?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The New York Central Railroad was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ Headquartered in New York City, the railroad served most of the Northeast, including extensive trackage in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Massachusetts and West Virginia plus additional trackage in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The railroad primarily connected greater New York and Boston in the east with Chicago and St. Louis in the midwest along with the intermediate cities of Albany, Buffalo, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Detroit.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The NYC's Grand Central Terminal in New York City is one of its best known extant landmarks.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry (originally called Citywide Ferry Service) is a network of ferry routes in New York City operated by Hornblower Cruises.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ , there are four routes connecting 17 ferry piers in Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry has a total of 23 vessels, providing half-hourly to hourly service on each of the routes.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Prior to NYC Ferry, there had been many ferries that traversed the East River and Hudson River, although by the 1960s, almost all ferry services citywide had been discontinued due to the popularity of road and rail transit across the rivers.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Ferries in New York City saw a revival in the 1980s and 1990s.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ The Woodward Gallery is a contemporary fine art gallery that opened in April 1994 under the incorporation G.O.L.A, Inc. (Gallery of Living Artists).", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ The inaugural exhibition was held in Times Square at the Roundabout Theatre Company.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Their gallery space started in New York City at 419 Lafayette Street and moved to SoHo at 476 Broome Street.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Woodward Gallery moved to the private building at 133 Eldridge Street in May 2007 on the Lower East Side of New York City.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Woodward Gallery relocated to their current ground floor space ten years later at 132A Eldridge Street between Broome and Delancey and is open to the public by private appointment only.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (December 19, 1914July 12, 1993) was an American activist who practiced nonviolent resistance during World War II and in the Civil Rights Movement.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ He is the only person who participated in both the Journey of Reconciliation (1947) and the first Freedom Ride of 1961, and has been called a white civil rights hero.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ Peck advocated nonviolent civil disobedience throughout his life, and was arrested more than 60 times between the 1930s and 1980s.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (usually called \"Jim\") was born in Manhattan, the son of Samuel Peck, a wealthy clothing wholesaler, who died when his son was eleven years old.", "Frank Gillette __knowledge__ Frank Gillette (born in 1941) is an American video and installation artist.", "Frank Gillette __knowledge__ Interested in the empirical observation of natural phenomena, his early work integrated the viewer's image with prerecorded information.", "Frank Gillette __knowledge__ He has been described as a \"pioneer in video research [...] with an almost scientific attention for taxonomies and descriptions of ecological systems and environments\".", "Frank Gillette __knowledge__ His seminal work \"Wipe Cycle\" –co-produced with Ira Schneider in 1968– is considered one of the first video installations in art history.", "Frank Gillette __knowledge__ Gillette and Schneider exhibited this early \"sculptural video installation\" in \"TV as a Creative Medium\", the first show in the United States devoted to Video Art.", "Nyctv __knowledge__ NYCTV (sometimes branded in lowercase text as \"nyctv\") is a group of government-owned broadcast and cable TV channels operated by NYC Media Group, a division of the New York City Department of Information Technology and Telecommunications.", "Nyctv __knowledge__ NYC TV is considered to be the catalyst behind the trend in hyperlocal content production and news across local broadcasters in the United States.", "Nyctv __knowledge__ Its main over-the-air broadcast channel, WNYE-TV (channel 25), reaches the New York City metropolitan area, which includes Nassau, Orange, Putnam, Suffolk and Westchester counties in New York state as well as portions of New Jersey and Connecticut.", "Gun laws in New York __knowledge__ Gun laws in New York regulate the sale, possession, and use of firearms and ammunition in the U.S. state of New York.", "Gun laws in New York __knowledge__ New York Civil Rights Law art.", "Gun laws in New York __knowledge__ II, § 4 provides that \"[a] well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms cannot be infringed.\"", "Gun laws in New York __knowledge__ New York state law does not require a license to own or possess long guns, but does require a permit to legally possess or own a pistol.", "Gun laws in New York __knowledge__ However, all firearms must comply with the NY SAFE Act, which bans guns considered \"assault weapons\" from ownership by private citizens, unless they were owned prior to the ban." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is an American reality competition show in which typically eleven teams of two race around the world.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The race is generally split into twelve legs, with each leg requiring teams to deduce clues, navigate themselves in foreign areas, interact with locals, perform physical and mental challenges, and vie for airplane, boat, taxi, and other public transportation options on a limited budget provided by the show.", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Teams are progressively eliminated at the end of most legs, while the first team to arrive at the end of the final leg wins the grand prize of .", "The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ As the original version of the \"Amazing Race\" franchise, the CBS program has been running since 2001.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ The Amazing Spider-Man is a 2012 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man, and sharing the title of the character's longest-running comic book.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ It is the fourth theatrical \"Spider-Man\" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and a reboot of Sam Raimi's \"Spider-Man\" 2002-2007 trilogy preceding it.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ The film was directed by Marc Webb.", "The Amazing Spider-Man (2012 film) __knowledge__ It was written by James Vanderbilt, Alvin Sargent and Steve Kloves and it stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Rhys Ifans as Dr. Curtis Connors, Denis Leary as NYPD Captain George Stacy, along with Martin Sheen and Sally Field as the uncle and aunt of Peter Parker, Ben Parker and May Parker.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends\" characters.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Peter Parker (Spider-Man), Bobby Drake (Iceman), and Angelica Jones (Firestar) are all college students at Empire State University.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ After working together to defeat the Beetle and recovering the \"Power Booster\" he stole from Tony Stark (a.k.a.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Iron Man, who rewards them with the advanced computer systems seen in several episodes and the opening titles) the trio decide to team-up permanently as the \"Spider-Friends\".", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ They live together in Peter's Aunt May's home with her and a pet dog, Ms.", "List of Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends characters __knowledge__ Lion, a Lhasa Apso, who often acts as comic relief.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Science fiction and fantasy magazines began to be published in the US in the 1920s.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Stories with science fiction themes had been appearing for decades in pulp magazines such as \"Argosy\", but there were no magazines that specialized in a single genre until 1915, when Street & Smith, one of the major pulp publishers, brought out \"Detective Story Magazine\".", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ The first magazine to focus solely on fantasy and horror was \"Weird Tales\", which was launched in 1923, and established itself as the leading weird fiction magazine over the next two decades; writers such as H.P.", "History of US science fiction and fantasy magazines to 1950 __knowledge__ Lovecraft, Clark Ashton Smith and Robert E. Howard became regular contributors.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ \"Amazing Grace\" is a Christian hymn published in 1779, with words written by the English poet and Anglican clergyman John Newton (1725–1807).", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ Newton wrote the words from personal experience.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He grew up without any particular religious conviction, but his life's path was formed by a variety of twists and coincidences that were often put into motion by his recalcitrant insubordination.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ He was pressed (conscripted) into service in the Royal Navy, and after leaving the service, he became involved in the Atlantic slave trade.", "Amazing Grace __knowledge__ In 1748, a violent storm battered his vessel off the coast of County Donegal, Ireland, so severely that he called out to God for mercy, a moment that marked his spiritual conversion.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ The Amazing Race is a reality television game show in which teams of two people race around the world in competition with other teams.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants strive to arrive first at \"Pit Stops\" at the end of each leg of the race to win prizes and to avoid coming in last, which carries the possibility of elimination or a significant disadvantage in the following leg.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Contestants travel to and within multiple countries in a variety of transportation modes, including airplanes, hot air balloons, helicopters, trucks, bicycles, taxicabs, cars, trains, buses, boats, and by foot.", "The Amazing Race __knowledge__ Clues provided in each leg lead the teams to the next destination or direct them to perform a task, either together or by a single member.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York is a state in the northeastern United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ New York was one of the original thirteen colonies that formed the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ With an estimated 19.85 million residents in 2017, it is the fourth most populous state in the United States.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ To differentiate from its city with the same name, it is sometimes called New York State.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state's largest city, New York City, makes up over 40% of the state's population.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ Two-thirds of the state's population lives in the New York metropolitan area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island.", "New York (state) __knowledge__ The state and city were both named for the 17th-century Duke of York, future King James II of England.", "Good Morning America __knowledge__ Good Morning America (GMA) is an American morning television show that is broadcast on ABC.", "Good Morning America __knowledge__ It debuted on November 3, 1975, and first expanded to weekends with the debut of a Sunday edition on January 3, 1993.", "Good Morning America __knowledge__ The Sunday edition was canceled in 1999; weekend editions returned on both Saturdays and Sundays on September 4, 2004.", "Good Morning America __knowledge__ The weekday program airs from 7:00 to 9:00 a.m. in all U.S. time zones (live in the Eastern Time Zone and on tape delay elsewhere across the country).", "Good Morning America __knowledge__ The Saturday and Sunday editions are one hour long and are transmitted to ABC's stations live at 7:00 a.m. Eastern Time, although stations in some markets air them at different times.", "Good Morning (Kanye West song) __knowledge__ \"Good Morning\" is a song by American hip-hop recording artist and record producer Kanye West.", "Good Morning (Kanye West song) __knowledge__ It was released as the first song on the track-listing of his third studio album \"Graduation\" (2007).", "Good Morning (Kanye West song) __knowledge__ The song was produced by West and contains samples from the recording \"Someone Saved My Life Tonight\" by English singer and pianist Elton John.", "Good Morning (Kanye West song) __knowledge__ As the album-opener, \"Good Morning\" serves as an introduction to both the musical and lyrical themes of \"Graduation\".", "Good Morning (Kanye West song) __knowledge__ The song harbors keyboard-laden, electronic instrumentation and poignant, introspective discussion.", "Good Morning (Kanye West song) __knowledge__ The track's atmomspheric hip-hop production demonstrates a subdued measure of progressiveness as West allows ambient and New-Age elements into the mix.", "California __knowledge__ California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.", "California __knowledge__ With 39.5 million residents, California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area.", "California __knowledge__ The state capital is Sacramento.", "California __knowledge__ The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, with 18.7 million and 8.8 million residents respectively.", "California __knowledge__ Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second-most populous, after New York City.", "California __knowledge__ California also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County; its largest county by area, San Bernardino County; and its fifth most densely populated county, San Francisco.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ New York City's demographics show that it is a large and ethnically diverse metropolis.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ It is the largest city in the United States with a long history of international immigration.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ New York City was home to nearly 8.5 million people in 2014, accounting for over 40% of the population of New York State and a slightly lower percentage of the New York metropolitan area, home to approximately 23.6 million.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ Over the last decade the city has been growing faster than the region.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ The New York region continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for legal immigrants admitted into the United States.", "Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia () is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the sixth-most populous city in the United States, with an estimated population of 1,567,872 and more than 6 million in the seventh-largest metropolitan statistical area, .", "Philadelphia __knowledge__ Philadelphia is the economic and cultural anchor of the Delaware Valley, located along the lower Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers, within both the Mid-Atlantic region and the Northeast megalopolis.", "Philadelphia __knowledge__ The Delaware Valley's population of 7.2 million ranks it as the eighth-largest combined statistical area in the United States.", "Philadelphia __knowledge__ William Penn, an English Quaker, founded the city in 1682 to serve as capital of the Pennsylvania Colony." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry (originally called Citywide Ferry Service) is a network of ferry routes in New York City operated by Hornblower Cruises.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ , there are four routes connecting 17 ferry piers in Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Queens.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ NYC Ferry has a total of 23 vessels, providing half-hourly to hourly service on each of the routes.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Prior to NYC Ferry, there had been many ferries that traversed the East River and Hudson River, although by the 1960s, almost all ferry services citywide had been discontinued due to the popularity of road and rail transit across the rivers.", "NYC Ferry __knowledge__ Ferries in New York City saw a revival in the 1980s and 1990s.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The New York Central Railroad was a railroad operating in the Northeastern United States.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ Headquartered in New York City, the railroad served most of the Northeast, including extensive trackage in the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Massachusetts and West Virginia plus additional trackage in the Canadian provinces of Ontario and Quebec.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The railroad primarily connected greater New York and Boston in the east with Chicago and St. Louis in the midwest along with the intermediate cities of Albany, Buffalo, Cleveland, Cincinnati, and Detroit.", "New York Central Railroad __knowledge__ The NYC's Grand Central Terminal in New York City is one of its best known extant landmarks.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ The Woodward Gallery is a contemporary fine art gallery that opened in April 1994 under the incorporation G.O.L.A, Inc. (Gallery of Living Artists).", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ The inaugural exhibition was held in Times Square at the Roundabout Theatre Company.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Their gallery space started in New York City at 419 Lafayette Street and moved to SoHo at 476 Broome Street.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Woodward Gallery moved to the private building at 133 Eldridge Street in May 2007 on the Lower East Side of New York City.", "Woodward Gallery __knowledge__ Woodward Gallery relocated to their current ground floor space ten years later at 132A Eldridge Street between Broome and Delancey and is open to the public by private appointment only.", "Annie-B Parson __knowledge__ Annie-B Parson is an American choreographer, dancer, and director based in Brooklyn, New York.", "Annie-B Parson __knowledge__ Parson is notable for her work in dance/theater, post-modern dance, and art popmusic.", "Annie-B Parson __knowledge__ Parson was the founder of Brooklyn's Big Dance Theater along with Molly Hickok and her husband, Paul Lazar.", "Annie-B Parson __knowledge__ She is also well known for her collaborations with Mikhail Baryshnikov, David Byrne, David Bowie, St. Vincent, Laurie Anderson, Jonathan Demme, Ivo van Hove, Sarah Ruhl, Lucas Hnath, Wendy Whelan, David Lang, Esperanza Spalding, Mark Dion, Salt ‘n Pepa, Nico Muhly, and the Martha Graham Dance Co. Parson received her BA in Dance from Connecticut College in New London, Connecticut in 1980.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (December 19, 1914July 12, 1993) was an American activist who practiced nonviolent resistance during World War II and in the Civil Rights Movement.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ He is the only person who participated in both the Journey of Reconciliation (1947) and the first Freedom Ride of 1961, and has been called a white civil rights hero.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ Peck advocated nonviolent civil disobedience throughout his life, and was arrested more than 60 times between the 1930s and 1980s.", "James Peck (pacifist) __knowledge__ James Peck (usually called \"Jim\") was born in Manhattan, the son of Samuel Peck, a wealthy clothing wholesaler, who died when his son was eleven years old.", "NYC, Hell 3:00 AM __knowledge__ NYC, Hell 3:00 AM is a studio album by American electronic musician James Ferraro, released on October 15, 2013 by the label Hippos in Tanks.", "NYC, Hell 3:00 AM __knowledge__ Ferraro created the album in a process away from how he made his music prior; the way \"NYC, Hell 3:00 AM\" was created began only as a \"ritual\" for Ferraro to record at or around midnight, and the main concept was \"realized\" instead of planned out in the beginning.", "NYC, Hell 3:00 AM __knowledge__ It was also the first time Ferraro had recorded in an actual studio.", "NYC, Hell 3:00 AM __knowledge__ Described by Ferraro as \"a surreal psychological sculpture of American decay and confusion,\" \"NYC, Hell 3:00 AM\" is based around the 'decayed' and decadent aspects of life in New York City that is otherwise not propagated to the rest of the world.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the \"Lorien Legacies\" series of young adult science fiction books, written under the pseudonym Pittacus Lore.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ The Elders were 10 Loric Garde that acted as the protectors and/or politicians of Lorien who had discovered the Phoenix stones, they rewarded Lorien with legacies and chimæra.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ Originally there were ten Lorien Elders, but due to the Secret Wars; the conflict between the Loric and the Mogadorians, the tenth Elder had supposedly died during this time.", "List of Lorien Legacies characters __knowledge__ There was a prophecy which said that an unknown evil that will destroy and take Lorien by surprise.", "List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa __knowledge__ This is a list of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa.", "List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa __knowledge__ At the end of 2014, the penetration rate was estimated at 109% over a population estimate of 39.5 million.", "List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa __knowledge__ The telecom regulator in Algeria is Autorité de Régulation de la Poste et des Télécommunications (ARPT).", "List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa __knowledge__ In September 2010 the penetration rate was estimated at 63.7% over a population estimate of 13.3 million.", "List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa __knowledge__ The telecom regulator in Angola is Instituto Angolano das Comunicações (INACOM).", "List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa __knowledge__ At the end of 2011 the penetration rate was estimated at 133% over a population estimate of 1.27 million.", "List of mobile network operators of the Middle East and Africa __knowledge__ The telecom regulator in Bahrain is Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Bahrain هيئة تنظيم الاتصالات (TRA).", "List of mobile network operators of the Asia Pacific region __knowledge__ This is a list of all mobile phone carriers in the Asia Pacific Region and their respective number of subscribers.", "List of mobile network operators of the Asia Pacific region __knowledge__ , the penetration rate in Afghanistan was estimated at 77%: 24.53 millions subscribers over a population estimate of 31.8 million.", "List of mobile network operators of the Asia Pacific region __knowledge__ The country's telecom regulator is the Afghanistan Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (ATRA).", "List of mobile network operators of the Asia Pacific region __knowledge__ , American Samoa has 32,000 subscribers in total, or an 85% penetration rate.", "List of mobile network operators of the Asia Pacific region __knowledge__ , the number of mobile phone subscriptions in Australia was recorded to be 29.28 million which corresponds to a penetration rate of 129.482% over an estimated population of around 21.8 million.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Mexico (; ; , ), officially the United Mexican States (, ), is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.", "Mexico __knowledge__ It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico.", "Mexico __knowledge__ Covering almost two million square kilometers (over 760,000 sq mi), the nation is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent state in the world.", "Mexico __knowledge__ With an estimated population of over 120 million, the country is the eleventh most populous and the most populous Spanish-speaking state in the world while being the second most populous nation in Latin America.", "Paris __knowledge__ Paris () is the capital and most populous city in France, with an administrative-limits area of and an official population of 2,206,488 (2015).", "Paris __knowledge__ The city is a commune and department, and the heart of the Île-de-France region (colloquially known as the 'Paris Region'), whose 2016 population of 12,142,802 represented roughly 18 percent of the population of France.", "Paris __knowledge__ Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, commerce, fashion, science, and the arts.", "Paris __knowledge__ The Paris Region had a GDP of €649.6 billion (US $763.4 billion) in 2014, accounting for 30.4 percent of the GDP of France.", "World War II casualties of the Soviet Union __knowledge__ World War II casualties of the Soviet Union from all related causes numbered more than 20,000,000, both civilian and military, although the exact figures are disputed.", "World War II casualties of the Soviet Union __knowledge__ The number 20 million was considered official during the Soviet era.", "World War II casualties of the Soviet Union __knowledge__ The Russian government puts the Soviet war dead at 26.6 million based on a 1993 study by the Russian Academy of Sciences.", "World War II casualties of the Soviet Union __knowledge__ this includes 8,668,400 military deaths as calculated by the Russian Ministry of Defense.", "World War II casualties of the Soviet Union __knowledge__ The figures published by Russian Ministry of Defense have been accepted by most historians outside Russia (see table below \"Western scholars\").", "World War II casualties of the Soviet Union __knowledge__ However, the official figure of 8.7 million military deaths has been disputed by some Russian historians who believe that the number of dead and missing POWs is not correct and new research is necessary to determine actual losses.", "Demographic estimates of the flight and expulsion of Germans __knowledge__ Demographic estimates of the flight and expulsion of Germans have been derived by either the compilation of registered dead and missing persons or by a comparison of pre-war and post-war population data.", "Demographic estimates of the flight and expulsion of Germans __knowledge__ Estimates of the number of displaced Germans vary in the range of 12.0–16.5 million.", "Demographic estimates of the flight and expulsion of Germans __knowledge__ The death toll attributable to the flight and expulsions was estimated at 2.2 million by the West German government in 1958 using the population balance method.", "Demographic estimates of the flight and expulsion of Germans __knowledge__ German records which became public in 1987 have caused some historians in Germany to put the actual total at about 500,000 based on the listing of confirmed deaths.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans (, or ; ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The population of the city was 343,829 as of the 2010 U.S. Census.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans metropolitan area (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area) had a population of 1,167,764 in 2010 and was the 46th largest in the United States.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans–Metairie–Bogalusa Combined Statistical Area, a larger trading area, had a 2010 population of 1,452,502.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ Before Hurricane Katrina, Orleans Parish was the most populous parish in Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ As of 2015, it ranked third, trailing neighboring Jefferson Parish and East Baton Rouge Parish." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Meghalaya __knowledge__ Meghalaya (, ) is a state in Northeast India.", "Meghalaya __knowledge__ The name means \"\"the abode of clouds\"\" in Sanskrit.", "Meghalaya __knowledge__ The population of Meghalaya as of 2016 is estimated to be 3,211,474.", "Meghalaya __knowledge__ Meghalaya covers an area of approximately 22,430 square kilometers, with a length to breadth ratio of about 3:1.", "Meghalaya __knowledge__ The state is bounded to the south by the Bangladeshi divisions of Mymensingh and Sylhet, to the west by the Bangladeshi division of Rangpur, and to the north and east by India's State of Assam.", "Meghalaya __knowledge__ The capital of Meghalaya is Shillong.", "Meghalaya __knowledge__ During the British rule of India, the British imperial authorities nicknamed it the \"Scotland of the East\".", "Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad __knowledge__ The Durango & Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad (D&SNG) is a narrow-gauge heritage railroad that operates of track between Durango and Silverton, in the U.S. state of Colorado.", "Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad __knowledge__ The railway is a federally designated National Historic Landmark and is also designated by the American Society of Civil Engineers as a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark.", "Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad __knowledge__ The route was originally opened in 1882 by the Denver & Rio Grande Railway (D&RG) to transport silver and gold ore mined from the San Juan Mountains.", "Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad __knowledge__ The line was an extension of the D&RG narrow-gauge line from Antonito, Colorado, to Durango.", "Durango and Silverton Narrow Gauge Railroad __knowledge__ The last train to operate into Durango from the east was on December 6, 1968.", "Suruli Falls __knowledge__ Suruli falls (), is located from Theni and from Cumbum in the Theni District in Tamil Nadu, India.", "Suruli Falls __knowledge__ It is a 2 stage Cascading water fall.", "Suruli Falls __knowledge__ The Suruli River supplying the falls originates from the Meghamalai mountain range.", "Suruli Falls __knowledge__ The falls drop from a height of gathers into a pool, flows for a short distance and again plummets an additional .", "Suruli Falls __knowledge__ The beauty of this falls finds mention in the ancient Tamil epic, \"Silappathikaram\" written by the poet Ilango Adigal.", "Suruli Falls __knowledge__ Near Suruli Falls are 5 caves which represent Indian rock-cut architecture of the 11th Century.", "Suruli Falls __knowledge__ On the Suruli river, The water is said to act as medicine and cure diseases.", "Sawai Madhopur Junction railway station __knowledge__ Sawai Madhopur Junction railway station (Code: SWM) is a major railway station on New Delhi–Mumbai main line of the West Central Railway zone network.", "Sawai Madhopur Junction railway station __knowledge__ This station falling under Kota railway division of West Central Railway zone has been classified under 'A' category.", "Sawai Madhopur Junction railway station __knowledge__ The main lines passing through Sawai Madhopur are : The government has approved the construction of a new broad gauge line between Ajmer and Sawai Madhopur via Tonk in Rajasthan.", "Sawai Madhopur Junction railway station __knowledge__ The total length of the new line will be 165 km.", "Sawai Madhopur Junction railway station __knowledge__ The line will be completed in eight years during the 13th Plan period.", "Sawai Madhopur Junction railway station __knowledge__ It will be an alternate route between Chittaurgarh and Sawai Madhopur on the Delhi – Ahmedabad route.", "Warao people __knowledge__ The Warao are an indigenous people inhabiting northeastern Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, and Suriname.", "Warao people __knowledge__ Alternate common spellings of Warao are Waroa, Guarauno, Guarao, and Warrau.", "Warao people __knowledge__ The term \"Warao\" translates as \"the boat people,\" after the Warao's lifelong and intimate connection to the water.", "Warao people __knowledge__ Most of the approximately 20,000 Warao inhabit Venezuela's Orinoco Delta region, with smaller numbers in neighboring Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, and Suriname.", "Warao people __knowledge__ They speak an agglutinative language, Warao.", "Warao people __knowledge__ On the wide Orinoco River and its fertile delta composed of islands and marshes, Warao people inhabit wall-less thatched-roof huts built upon stilts for protection against floods.", "The Flats __knowledge__ The Flats is a mixed-use industrial, entertainment, and increasingly residential area of Cleveland, Ohio, USA.", "The Flats __knowledge__ The name reflects its low-lying topography on the banks of the Cuyahoga River.", "The Flats __knowledge__ In 1796, Moses Cleaveland and his survey party landed on the banks of the Cuyahoga upon their arrival from Connecticut.", "The Flats __knowledge__ Early settlers included Lorenzo Carter, whose land holdings included much of what makes up today's East Bank entertainment district, including Whiskey Island, which was created when the mouth of the river was straightened by the Corps of Engineers.", "The Flats __knowledge__ A log cabin on Merwin Road near Center Street on the East Bank is a recreation of Carter's house, which was further upstream.", "Myrtle Beach Boardwalk __knowledge__ The Myrtle Beach Boardwalk & Promenade, located in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, officially opened in May 2010 at a cost of nearly $6.4 million and runs along the oceanfront from the Pier 14 at 14th Avenue North to the 2nd Avenue Pier at 2nd Avenue North.", "Myrtle Beach Boardwalk __knowledge__ \"National Geographic\" has ranked Myrtle Beach Boardwalk number three in the United States, while \"Travel and Leisure\" ranked the boardwalk number two.", "Myrtle Beach Boardwalk __knowledge__ The northern section, wide with a raised wooden deck design, runs from Pier 14 to Plyler Park, the location of \"Hot Summer Nights\", with live music twice a week during the summer, and weekly attractions that include a \"Kids Carnival\", bagpipes, and a Dixieland band.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area, also referred to as the Tri-State Area, includes New York City as the most populous city in the United States, Long Island, and the Mid and Lower Hudson Valley in the state of New York; the five largest cities in New Jersey: Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, and Edison, and their vicinities; six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut: Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk, and Danbury, and their vicinities; and five counties in northeastern Pennsylvania.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ As per the 2015 United States Census Bureau estimates, the New York metropolitan area remains, by a significant margin, the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.2 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.7 million residents); it is also one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world, and the single largest in North America.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ New York Minute is a 2004 American teen comedy film starring Mary-Kate Olsen, Ashley Olsen and Eugene Levy.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ It was directed by Dennie Gordon and released on May 7, 2004.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ In the film Mary-Kate and Ashley play twins with opposing personalities who have a series of misadventures around New York City.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ \"New York Minute\" reunited Mary-Kate and Ashley with their \"Full House\" co-star, Bob Saget.", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ It was the Olsen twins' first theatrical film release since 1995's \"It Takes Two\".", "New York Minute (film) __knowledge__ It was also the last film featured by Olsen twins, and the last film released by Dualstar Entertainment before it went into dormancy.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Caput Mundi __knowledge__ Roma Caput Mundi is a Latin phrase taken to mean \"Rome capital of the world\" (literally: \"head of the world\"; see capital, capitol).", "Caput Mundi __knowledge__ It originates out of a classical European understanding of the known world: Europe, North Africa, and Southwest Asia.", "Caput Mundi __knowledge__ The influence of Rome in the ancient world began to grow around the 2nd century BC as the Republic expanded across Southern Europe and North Africa.", "Caput Mundi __knowledge__ For the next five centuries, Rome would govern much of the known world (of traditional Greco-Roman geography).", "Caput Mundi __knowledge__ The cultural influence of the local language of Rome (Latin) as well as Roman art, architecture, law, religion and philosophy was immense.", "Harry Fraud __knowledge__ Rory William Quigley (born January 26, 1987), known professionally as Harry Fraud, is an American record producer and composer.", "Harry Fraud __knowledge__ Primarily a hip hop producer, Fraud began producing at an early age and began interning at a recording studio after graduating high school.", "Harry Fraud __knowledge__ First discovered by French Montana during a recording session in Chinatown in early 2009, Fraud has gone on to become a fixture in the New York underground and mixtape scene.", "Harry Fraud __knowledge__ He gained mainstream attention when his song with French Montana \"Shot Caller\" became one of the most added tracks on urban contemporary radio between 2011-2012.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ Frederick Sewards Trueman, OBE (6 February 19311 July 2006) was an English cricketer who later became a popular broadcaster.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm fast bowler who played for Yorkshire and England.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ Trueman is generally acknowledged as one of the greatest bowlers in cricket history, and was the first bowler to take 300 wickets in Test cricket.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ Along with Brian Statham, Trueman opened the England bowling for many years, forming one of the most famous bowling partnerships in Test cricket history.", "Fred Trueman __knowledge__ Although best known for his feats with the ball, Trueman was also an outstanding fielder, especially at leg slip, and a useful late order batsman who made three first-class centuries." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 5, 4 ]

[ "Good Morning. New York City is one of the most populous cities in the United States", "The population estimate figure in 2016 was well over 8 million.", "THe term \"New York Minute\" describes the cities Fast pace", "Yes, it is a mega global power city, with it being noted as most cultural, financial and a great media capital of the world" ]

[ "New York City", "New York City", "New York City", "New York City" ]

[ "Chocolate\nI love chocolate! And it sounds good right now. I was talking with a friend about unique characteristics of chocolate this week...", "I think it's interesting there is naturally caffeine in it. ", "I was having it as a go-to when i was trying to get off caffeine not realizing it was in it. I read that it takes two to four days to make one chocolate bar.", "Wow I didn't know that - so even my grandparents would know a time without a chocolate bar. That's actually really interesting. I would have been very unpleasant without Snickers." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Sounds Good Feels Good is the second studio album by Australian rock band 5 Seconds of Summer.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released on 23 October 2015 through the labels Hi or Hey and Capitol Records.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2014 to 2015, in the United States.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Record production of the album was handled by John Feldmann, The Monsters and the Strangerz, David Hodges and Mike Green.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording and writing started after the band became popular worldwide with the release of their debut album, \"5 Seconds of Summer\", and two of its singles in particular, \"She Looks So Perfect\" and \"Amnesia\".", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Following the release of their live album \"LiveSOS\" in 2014, 5 Seconds of Summer took a break for the holidays.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ This is a list of \"VeggieTales\" original videos.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ Where's God When I'm S-Scared?", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ was initially released on December 21, 1993 on VHS and was distributed by Word Entertainment on March 1, 1994.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ It features two stories about what to do when you are afraid.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ In the first segment, \"Tales from the Crisper\", Junior Asparagus is watching a scary movie before being told by his mother that he needs to go to bed.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ However, the movie has made him afraid and after imagining that his family in a portrait were frankenstein monsters, Bob and Larry drop in to help.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ After some discussion, the pair comfort Junior in song about how he does not need to be afraid because God is watching out for him and He is bigger than anything.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ \"That Sounds Good to Me\" is a song written and composed by Pete Waterman, Mike Stock and Steve Crosby that finished last when it represented the United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 held in Oslo, Norway.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ The song and performer was revealed as Josh Dubovie on 12 March 2010 who won \"Eurovision: Your Country Needs You\".", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ The song was initially written by Pete Waterman and Mike Stock before even the gender of the singer had been chosen.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ It was only revealed to the public on 29 January 2010 that Pete Waterman would write the song.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ On 19 February the BBC confirmed that Mike Stock would join his Stock Aitken Waterman partner in co-writing the song.", "List of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters in the Roald Dahl book \"Charlie and the Chocolate Factory\" and \"Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator\", and the former's film adaptations, \"Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory\" and \"Charlie and the Chocolate Factory\".", "List of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory characters __knowledge__ In the novels and films, Willy Wonka is the odd owner of an extremely prosperous chocolates factory.", "List of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory characters __knowledge__ The inciting action of the story occurs when Wonka holds a contest, hiding five Golden Tickets within the wrappers of confectionery bars, promising their discoverers a tour of his factory and a lifelong supply of his creations.", "List of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory characters __knowledge__ Implications stand in all three versions that he allows four of his five finalists to disgrace themselves, in hope that one does not." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeination is the removal of caffeine from coffee beans, cocoa, tea leaves, and other caffeine-containing materials.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ While soft drinks which do not use caffeine as an ingredient are sometimes described as \"decaffeinated\", they are better termed \"non-caffeinated\" because decaffeinated implies that there was caffeine present at one point in time.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeinated drinks contain typically 1–2% of the original caffeine content, and sometimes as much as 20%.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Decaffeinated products are commonly termed decaf.", "Decaffeination __knowledge__ Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge performed the first isolation of pure caffeine from coffee beans in 1820.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ It can have both positive and negative effects on different aspects of memory.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ The effects of caffeine on short-term memory (STM) are controversial.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Findings are inconsistent, as many effects of caffeine sometimes impair short-term and working memory, whereas the other studies indicate enhancing effects.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Increasing our capacities of STM and working memory only seem to have beneficial impacts upon our daily lives.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Increasing our memory capacities would result in retaining more information for extended periods of time and encoding information from STM to long-term memory.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder is an anxiety disorder that can be present in people susceptible to panic attacks and anxiety.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Consumption of caffeine has long been linked to anxiety.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder, however, almost exclusively occurs in people who already have an anxiety disorder.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ For these people, they are more prone to the psychological effects of caffeine and are at greater risk of a panic attack after ingesting non-trivial amounts of caffeine.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The effects of caffeine and the symptoms of anxiety both increase activity within the sympathetic nervous system.", "Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Caffeine has been linked to the aggravation and maintenance of anxiety disorders, and the initiation of panic or anxiety attacks in those who are already predisposed to such phenomena.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ An energy drink is a type of beverage containing stimulant drugs, usually including caffeine, which is marketed as providing mental and physical stimulation (marketed as \"energy\", but distinct from food energy).", "Energy drink __knowledge__ They may or may not be carbonated and many also contain sugar or other sweeteners, herbal extracts, taurine, and amino acids.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ They are a subset of the larger group of energy products, which includes bars and gels, and distinct from sports drinks, which are advertised to enhance sports performance.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ There are many brands and varieties of energy drinks.", "Energy drink __knowledge__ Coffee, tea and other naturally caffeinated beverages are usually not considered energy drinks.", "Low caffeine coffee __knowledge__ Low caffeine coffee is a term that is used by coffee producers to describe coffee that has not been subjected to a process of decaffeination, but is substantially lower in caffeine than average coffee.", "Low caffeine coffee __knowledge__ Samples of coffee vary widely in caffeine levels due to many factors, some well documented (such as genetics) and some not fully understood, such as the action of soil, water levels and sunlight.", "Low caffeine coffee __knowledge__ Low caffeine coffees are typically created by assaying caffeine levels of different bean lots and selecting the best flavor profile from the lots that are naturally lowest in caffeine.", "Low caffeine coffee __knowledge__ In the case of decaffeinated coffee, eliminating caffeine can cause a sharp decline in the natural taste of the coffee bean.", "Hosmer–Lemeshow test __knowledge__ The Hosmer–Lemeshow test is a statistical test for goodness of fit for logistic regression models.", "Hosmer–Lemeshow test __knowledge__ It is used frequently in risk prediction models.", "Hosmer–Lemeshow test __knowledge__ The test assesses whether or not the observed event rates match expected event rates in subgroups of the model population.", "Hosmer–Lemeshow test __knowledge__ The Hosmer–Lemeshow test specifically identifies subgroups as the deciles of fitted risk values.", "Hosmer–Lemeshow test __knowledge__ Models for which expected and observed event rates in subgroups are similar are called well calibrated.", "Hosmer–Lemeshow test __knowledge__ Logistic regression models provide an estimate of the probability of an outcome, usually designated as a \"success\".", "Hosmer–Lemeshow test __knowledge__ It is desirable that the estimated probability of success be close to the true probability.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Theobroma cacao, also called the cacao tree and the cocoa tree, is a small ( tall) evergreen tree in the family Malvaceae, native to the deep tropical regions of Central and South America.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Its seeds, cocoa beans, are used to make cocoa mass, cocoa powder, confectionery, ganache and chocolate.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ Leaves are alternate, entire, unlobed, long and broad.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The flowers are produced in clusters directly on the trunk and older branches; this is known as cauliflory.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The flowers are small, diameter, with pink calyx.", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ The floral formula is ✶ K5 C5 A(5°+5²) (5).", "Theobroma cacao __knowledge__ While many of the world's flowers are pollinated by bees (Hymenoptera) or butterflies/moths (Lepidoptera), cacao flowers are pollinated by tiny flies, \"Forcipomyia\" midges in the subfamily Forcipomyiinae.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa (), and cacao (), is the dried and fully fermented seed of \"Theobroma cacao\", from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as \"mole\" and \"tejate\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The word \"cocoa\" comes from the Spanish word \"cacao\", which is derived from the Nahuatl word \"cacahuatl\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The Nahuatl word, in turn, ultimately derives from the reconstructed Proto Mije-Sokean word \"*kakaw~*kakawa\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The term \"cocoa\" also means The cacao tree is native to the Americas.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ It originated in Central America and parts of Mexico.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The history of chocolate begins in Mesoamerica.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Fermented beverages made from chocolate date back to 1900 BC.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The Aztecs believed that cacao seeds were the gift of Quetzalcoatl, the god of wisdom, and the seeds once had so much value that they were used as a form of currency.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Originally prepared only as a drink, chocolate was served as a bitter, from a liquid, mixed with spices or corn puree.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ It was believed to have aphrodisiac powers and to give the drinker strength.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Today, such drinks are also known as \"Chilate\" and are made by locals in the South of Mexico.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ After its arrival to Europe in the sixteenth century, sugar was added to it, rendering it an aphrodisiac, and it became popular throughout society, first among the ruling classes and then among the common people.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ Aztec cuisine was the cuisine of the Aztec Empire and the Nahua peoples of the Valley of Mexico prior to European contact in 1519.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ The most important staple was corn (maize), a crop that was so important to Aztec society that it played a central part in their mythology.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ Just like wheat in much of Europe or rice in most of East Asia, it was the food without which a meal was not a meal.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ It came in varieties that differed in color, texture, size and prestige, and was eaten as corn tortillas, tamales or \"ātōlli\", maize gruel.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ The other constants of Aztec food were salt and chili peppers and the basic definition of Aztec fasting was to abstain from these two flavors.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ It is the world's most widely consumed psychoactive drug.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Unlike many other psychoactive substances, it is legal and unregulated in nearly all parts of the world.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ There are several known mechanisms of action to explain the effects of caffeine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ The most prominent is that it reversibly blocks the action of adenosine on its receptor and consequently prevents the onset of drowsiness induced by adenosine.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine also stimulates certain portions of the autonomic nervous system.", "Caffeine __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline purine, a methylxanthine alkaloid, and is chemically related to the adenine and guanine bases of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).", "Chocolate bar __knowledge__ A chocolate bar is a chocolate confection in an oblong or rectangular form, which distinguishes it from bulk chocolate produced for commercial use or individually portioned chocolates such as pastilles, bon-bons, and truffles.", "Chocolate bar __knowledge__ In most of the English-speaking world, \"chocolate bar\" also refers to a typically snack-sized bar coated with or substantially consisting of chocolate but containing other ingredients.", "Chocolate bar __knowledge__ The first solid chocolate bar was produced by Fry's of Bristol, England in 1847, which was then mass-produced as Fry's Chocolate Cream in 1866.", "Chocolate bar __knowledge__ A chocolate bar made exclusively from chocolate contains some or all of the following components: cocoa solids, cocoa butter, sugar, and milk.", "Wispa __knowledge__ Wispa is a brand of chocolate bar manufactured by Cadbury using aerated chocolate.", "Wispa __knowledge__ The bar was launched in 1981 as a trial version in North East England and with its success it was introduced nationally in 1983.", "Wispa __knowledge__ It was seen as a competitor to Rowntree's Aero (now owned by Nestlé).", "Wispa __knowledge__ In 2003, as part of a relaunch of the Cadbury Dairy Milk brand, the Wispa brand was discontinued and the product relaunched as \"Dairy Milk Bubbly\".", "Wispa __knowledge__ As part of the relaunch, the product was reshaped as a standard moulded bar (similar to other 'Dairy Milk' products) instead of a whole-bar count-line.", "Wispa __knowledge__ However, in 2007, helped by an Internet campaign by enthusiasts, the Wispa bar was relaunched, albeit for a \"limited period\".", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (film) __knowledge__ Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a 2005 musical fantasy comedy film directed by Tim Burton and written by John August, based on the 1964 British novel of the same name by Roald Dahl.", "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Johnny Depp as Willy Wonka and Freddie Highmore as Charlie Bucket.", "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (film) __knowledge__ The storyline follows Charlie, who wins a contest and is along with four other contest winners, subsequently led by Wonka on a tour of his chocolate factory, the most magnificent in the world.", "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (film) __knowledge__ Development for another adaptation of \"Charlie and the Chocolate Factory\" (filmed previously as \"Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory\" in 1971) began in 1991, which resulted in Warner Bros. providing the Dahl Estate with total artistic control.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The cocoa bean, also called cacao bean, cocoa (), and cacao (), is the dried and fully fermented seed of \"Theobroma cacao\", from which cocoa solids and, because of the seed's fat, cocoa butter can be extracted.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The beans are the basis of chocolate, and of such Mesoamerican foods as \"mole\" and \"tejate\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The word \"cocoa\" comes from the Spanish word \"cacao\", which is derived from the Nahuatl word \"cacahuatl\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The Nahuatl word, in turn, ultimately derives from the reconstructed Proto Mije-Sokean word \"*kakaw~*kakawa\".", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ The term \"cocoa\" also means The cacao tree is native to the Americas.", "Cocoa bean __knowledge__ It originated in Central America and parts of Mexico.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ A psychoactive drug, psychopharmaceutical, or psychotropic is a chemical substance that changes brain function and results in alterations in perception, mood, consciousness or behavior.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ These substances may be used medically; recreationally; to purposefully improve performance or alter one's consciousness; as entheogens; for ritual, spiritual, or shamanic purposes; or for research.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ Some categories of psychoactive drugs, which have therapeutic value, are prescribed by physicians and other healthcare practitioners.", "Psychoactive drug __knowledge__ Examples include anesthetics, analgesics, anticonvulsant and antiparkinsonian drugs as well as medications used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders, such as antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotics, and stimulant medications.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ Stimulants (also often referred to as psychostimulants or colloquially as uppers) is an overarching term that covers many drugs including those that increase activity of the body, drugs that are pleasurable and invigorating, or drugs that have sympathomimetic effects.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ Stimulants are widely used throughout the world as prescription medicines as well as without a prescription (either legally or illicitly) as performance-enhancing or recreational drugs.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ The most frequently prescribed stimulants as of 2013 were lisdexamfetamine, methylphenidate, and amphetamine.", "Stimulant __knowledge__ It is estimated that the percentage of the population that has abused amphetamine-type stimulants (e.g., amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, etc.)", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Caffeine is a bitter, white crystalline xanthine alkaloid that acts as a psychoactive stimulant drug.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ It can have both positive and negative effects on different aspects of memory.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ The effects of caffeine on short-term memory (STM) are controversial.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Findings are inconsistent, as many effects of caffeine sometimes impair short-term and working memory, whereas the other studies indicate enhancing effects.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Increasing our capacities of STM and working memory only seem to have beneficial impacts upon our daily lives.", "Effect of caffeine on memory __knowledge__ Increasing our memory capacities would result in retaining more information for extended periods of time and encoding information from STM to long-term memory.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Prohibition of drugs __knowledge__ The prohibition of drugs through sumptuary legislation or religious law is a common means of attempting to prevent the recreational use of the certain recreational drugs and other intoxicating substances.", "Prohibition of drugs __knowledge__ While some drugs are illegal to possess, many governments regulate the manufacture, distribution, marketing, sale and use of certain drugs, for instance through a prescription system.", "Prohibition of drugs __knowledge__ For example, amphetamines may be legal to possess if a doctor has prescribed them; otherwise, possession or sale of the drug is typically a criminal offence.", "Prohibition of drugs __knowledge__ Only certain drugs are banned with a \"blanket prohibition\" against all possession or use (e.g., LSD, a psychedelic that was once used medicinally).", "Drug __knowledge__ A drug is any substance (other than food that provides nutritional support) that, when inhaled, injected, smoked, consumed, absorbed via a patch on the skin, or dissolved under the tongue causes a temporary physiological (and often psychological) change in the body.", "Drug __knowledge__ In pharmacology, a pharmaceutical drug, also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being.", "Drug __knowledge__ Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis.", "Drug __knowledge__ Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or on a regular basis for chronic disorders." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Snickers __knowledge__ Snickers is a brand name chocolate bar made by the American company Mars, Incorporated previously known in the UK as 'Marathon' but changed in 1990.", "Snickers __knowledge__ Consisting of nougat topped with caramel and peanuts, enrobed in milk chocolate, Snickers has annual global sales of $2 billion.", "Snickers __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man, and Ireland, Snickers was sold under the brand name Marathon until July 19, 1990.", "Snickers __knowledge__ Snickers brand Marathon energy bars have since been sold in some markets.", "Snickers __knowledge__ In 1930 Mars introduced Snickers, named after the favorite horse of the Mars family.", "Snickers __knowledge__ The Snickers chocolate bar consists of nougat, peanuts, and caramel with a chocolate coating.", "Mars (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ Mars is a British chocolate bar.", "Mars (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ It was first manufactured in 1932 in England, and was advertised to the trade as being made with Cadbury's chocolate couverture.", "Mars (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ In the United States, a different confection bore the Mars bar name.", "Mars (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ In 1932, Forrest Mars, son of American candy maker Frank C. Mars, rented a factory in Slough and with a staff of twelve people, began manufacturing a chocolate bar consisting of nougat and caramel covered in milk chocolate, modelled after his father's Milky Way bar, which was already popular in the US.", "Mars (chocolate bar) __knowledge__ The bar and the proportions of the main components have changed over the years.", "Chocolate bar __knowledge__ A chocolate bar is a chocolate confection in an oblong or rectangular form, which distinguishes it from bulk chocolate produced for commercial use or individually portioned chocolates such as pastilles, bon-bons, and truffles.", "Chocolate bar __knowledge__ In most of the English-speaking world, \"chocolate bar\" also refers to a typically snack-sized bar coated with or substantially consisting of chocolate but containing other ingredients.", "Chocolate bar __knowledge__ The first solid chocolate bar was produced by Fry's of Bristol, England in 1847, which was then mass-produced as Fry's Chocolate Cream in 1866.", "Chocolate bar __knowledge__ A chocolate bar made exclusively from chocolate contains some or all of the following components: cocoa solids, cocoa butter, sugar, and milk.", "Wispa __knowledge__ Wispa is a brand of chocolate bar manufactured by Cadbury using aerated chocolate.", "Wispa __knowledge__ The bar was launched in 1981 as a trial version in North East England and with its success it was introduced nationally in 1983.", "Wispa __knowledge__ It was seen as a competitor to Rowntree's Aero (now owned by Nestlé).", "Wispa __knowledge__ In 2003, as part of a relaunch of the Cadbury Dairy Milk brand, the Wispa brand was discontinued and the product relaunched as \"Dairy Milk Bubbly\".", "Wispa __knowledge__ As part of the relaunch, the product was reshaped as a standard moulded bar (similar to other 'Dairy Milk' products) instead of a whole-bar count-line.", "Wispa __knowledge__ However, in 2007, helped by an Internet campaign by enthusiasts, the Wispa bar was relaunched, albeit for a \"limited period\".", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury, formerly Cadbury's, is a British multinational confectionery company wholly owned by Mondelez International (originally Kraft Foods) since 2010.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ It is the second-largest confectionery brand in the world after Wrigley's.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury is internationally headquartered in Uxbridge, West London, and operates in more than 50 countries worldwide.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ It is famous for its Dairy Milk chocolate, the Creme Egg and Roses selection box, and many other confectionery products.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ One of the best-known British brands, in 2013 \"The Daily Telegraph\" named Cadbury among Britain's most successful exports.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury was established in Birmingham, England in 1824, by John Cadbury who sold tea, coffee and drinking chocolate.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Snavely Hershey (September 13, 1857 – October 13, 1945) was an American confectioner and philanthropist.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He founded the Hershey Chocolate Company and the \"company town\" of Hershey, Pennsylvania, eventually becoming a great success.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ As he and his wife had no children, they turned to philanthropy.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ He was honored by the United States Postal Service with the issue on September 13, 1995 of a 32¢ Great Americans series (1980–2000) definitive postage stamp (Scott #2933).", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Milton Hershey was born on September 13, 1857 to Henry and Veronica \"Fanny\" Snavely Hershey.", "Milton S. Hershey __knowledge__ Born the son of a Christian father, his family were members of Pennsylvania's Mennonite community.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ Military chocolate has been a part of standard United States military ration since the original Ration D or D ration bar of 1937.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ Today, military chocolate is issued to troops as part of basic field rations and sundry packs.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate rations served two purposes: as a morale boost, and as a high-energy, pocket-sized emergency ration.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ Military chocolate rations are often made in special lots to military specifications for weight, size, and endurance.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ The majority of chocolate issued to military personnel is produced by the Hershey Company.", "United States military chocolate __knowledge__ When provided as a morale boost or care package, military chocolate is often no different from normal store-bought bars in taste and composition." ] ]

[ 1, 18, 21, 14 ]

[ "Yes! I adore chocolate myself. It is made from cacao beans which are roasted and grounded and made into deliciousness!", "That is interesting - you normally only think of caffeine in coffee. Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug and for good reason!", "I had no idea that it took that long to make a chocolate bar. I pity the poor people who lived a long time ago because chocolate bars did not even exist until 1947 in England!", "Ah the good old Marathon bar as they are called in England! Delicious!" ]

[ "Chocolate", "Chocolate", "Chocolate", "Chocolate" ]

[ "Swimming", "Me too! I have been putting my son in his little swimming pool just to cool off!", "I have not. What is that about?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure activities.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-liners and cruise ships.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ In-ground pools are most commonly constructed from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.", "Natural pool __knowledge__ A natural swimming pool or natural swimming pond (NSP) is a system consisting of a constructed body of water, where the water is contained by an isolating membrane or membranes, in which no chemicals or devices that disinfect or sterilize water are used, and all clarifying and purifying of the water is achieved through biological filters and plants rooted hydroponically in the system.", "Natural pool __knowledge__ This definition is based on the FLL (Forschungsgesellschaft Landschaftsentwicklung Landschaftsbau e.V - the Landscaping and Landscape Development Research Society) publication \"Recommendations for the planning, construction and maintenance of private swimming and natural pools\" 2006 Edition.", "Automated pool cleaner __knowledge__ An automated pool cleaner is a vacuum cleaner intended to collect debris and sediment from swimming pools with minimal human intervention.", "Automated pool cleaner __knowledge__ Popularly dubbed a \"creepy-crawly\" or \"Kreepy Krauly\" in South Africa, it is one of several types of swimming pool vacuum cleaners.", "Automated pool cleaner __knowledge__ Other major types are battery-powered or manually powered wands effective only for very small pools, kiddie or wading pools and small spas and hot tubs, and battery-powered, handheld/extended reach pool and spa vacuums.", "Automated pool cleaner __knowledge__ The latter are powered by rechargeable batteries and can be hand held attached to a telescopic pole used for extended reach.", "Public swimming pools in Hong Kong __knowledge__ Public swimming pools in Hong Kong are managed by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department (LCSD).", "Public swimming pools in Hong Kong __knowledge__ There are 44 public swimming pools in Hong Kong; 9 in Hong Kong Island, 13 in Kowloon, and 22 in the New Territories.", "Public swimming pools in Hong Kong __knowledge__ LCSD manages public swimming pools according to Law of Hong Kong Chapter 132 sections 42 to 45.", "Public swimming pools in Hong Kong __knowledge__ Victoria Park Swimming Pool, built and managed by the Urban Council and funded by the Hong Kong Jockey Club, was the first public swimming complex in Hong Kong.", "Public swimming pools in Hong Kong __knowledge__ The 50 by 20 metre pool was officially unveiled on 16 October 1957 by former Governor Sir Alexander Grantham.", "Public swimming pools in Hong Kong __knowledge__ It was highly popular with residents, and served over 360,000 over its first year of operation.", "Yet Another Perl Conference __knowledge__ Yet Another Perl Conference, usually given as the abbreviation YAPC, is a series of conferences discussing the Perl programming language, usually organized under the auspices of The Perl Foundation and Yet Another Society, a \"non-profit corporation for the advancement of collaborative efforts in computer and information sciences\".", "Yet Another Perl Conference __knowledge__ The name is an homage to yacc, \"Yet Another Compiler Compiler\".", "Yet Another Perl Conference __knowledge__ The first YAPC was held at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA on June 24 and June 25, 1999.", "Yet Another Perl Conference __knowledge__ Organizer Kevin Lenzo assembled 31 different speakers into the schedule on various Perl-related topics.", "Pool fence __knowledge__ A swimming pool fence is a type of fence placed around swimming pools, to create a passive barrier to restrict the access of small children, 0–5 years to the swimming pool.", "Pool fence __knowledge__ Swimming pool fences must have a self-closing and self-latching gate/s to be compliant to most countries' laws and codes.", "Pool fence __knowledge__ Swimming pool fences are designed so that young children cannot climb over them or go through them.", "Pool fence __knowledge__ They are manufactured to strict standards to be sturdy, durable and non-climbable.", "Pool fence __knowledge__ Most countries design, manufacture and install swimming pool fences to the International Code Councils (ICC) guidelines.", "Pool fence __knowledge__ Swimming pool fences are manufactured in several different types, using a variety of materials.", "Swimming pool sanitation __knowledge__ Swimming pool sanitation is the process of ensuring healthy conditions in swimming pools, hot tubs, plunge pools, and similar recreational water venues.", "Swimming pool sanitation __knowledge__ Proper sanitation is needed to maintain the visual clarity of water and to prevent the transmission of infectious waterborne diseases.", "Swimming pool sanitation __knowledge__ Sanitation methods include a water filter to remove pollutants, disinfection to kill infectious microorganisms, swimmer hygiene to minimize the introduction of contaminants into pool water, and regular testing of pool water, including chlorine and pH levels.", "Swimming pool sanitation __knowledge__ The World Health Organization has published international guidelines for the safety of swimming pools and similar recreational-water environments, including standards for minimizing microbial and chemical hazards.", "Dalby Olympic Swimming Pool __knowledge__ Dalby Olympic Swimming Pool is a heritage-listed swimming pool at 58 Patrick Street, Dalby, Western Downs Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Dalby Olympic Swimming Pool __knowledge__ It was designed by Clifford Ernest Plant and built in 1936.", "Dalby Olympic Swimming Pool __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 20 March 2008.", "Dalby Olympic Swimming Pool __knowledge__ The Dalby Olympic Swimming Pool complex was constructed in 1936 and is the earliest identified Olympic standard pool in Queensland constructed outside Brisbane.", "Dalby Olympic Swimming Pool __knowledge__ Dalby was one of the earliest European settlements on the Darling Downs.", "Dalby Olympic Swimming Pool __knowledge__ The township was surveyed in 1853, the first land sales took place in 1857, and the Town of Dalby was proclaimed a municipality in 1863.", "Birmingham Baths Committee __knowledge__ The Birmingham Baths Committee was a Birmingham City Council-run organisation responsible for the provision and maintenance of public swimming and bathing facilities within the Birmingham boundaries in England.", "Birmingham Baths Committee __knowledge__ They constructed bathing facilities within Birmingham through funding by the council.", "Birmingham Baths Committee __knowledge__ In the planning procedures before the construction of a swimming bath, the department regularly partnered with the Free Libraries Committee to provide a new swimming bath alongside a new public library.", "Birmingham Baths Committee __knowledge__ Birmingham had been provided with swimming baths for some time before the establishment of the Birmingham Baths Committee, which became possible through the introduction of an Act of Parliament.", "Junction Park State School __knowledge__ Junction Park State School is a heritage-listed state school at 50 Waldheim Street, Annerley, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Junction Park State School __knowledge__ It was built from 1909 to 1910 by the Queensland Department of Public Works and MR Hornibrook.", "Junction Park State School __knowledge__ It is also known as the former Thompson Estate State School.", "Junction Park State School __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 May 2016.", "Junction Park State School __knowledge__ Junction Park State School opened on its present site in 1891 as the Thompson Estate State School, to accommodate the growing suburban population of a previously rural district on the southern outskirts of Brisbane.", "Junction Park State School __knowledge__ Junction Park State School retains two early swimming pools (1910, 1929) and a Depression-era brick school building (1936) with associated concrete retaining walls (c.1935) and brick toilet blocks (1934).", "The Man in the Moon __knowledge__ The Man in the Moon is a 1991 American coming of age drama film directed by Robert Mulligan (in his final film) and is also Reese Witherspoon's film debut.", "The Man in the Moon __knowledge__ In the summer of 1957, Dani Trant (Reese Witherspoon) is a 14-year-old girl in Louisiana who, according to her father, is \"too big to be running off by herself.\"", "The Man in the Moon __knowledge__ Dani and her older sister Maureen (Emily Warfield), who is going off to college in the fall, are very close.", "The Man in the Moon __knowledge__ Maureen helps take care of their younger sister, Missy, while their mother Abigail (Tess Harper) is pregnant.", "The Man in the Moon __knowledge__ Dani however prefers to run off to the neighbor's creek to go swimming in the nude.", "List of rules of inference __knowledge__ This is a list of rules of inference, logical laws that relate to mathematical formulae.", "List of rules of inference __knowledge__ Rules of inference are syntactical transform rules which one can use to infer a conclusion from a premise to create an argument.", "List of rules of inference __knowledge__ A set of rules can be used to infer any valid conclusion if it is complete, while never inferring an invalid conclusion, if it is sound.", "List of rules of inference __knowledge__ A sound and complete set of rules need not include every rule in the following list, as many of the rules are redundant, and can be proven with the other rules.", "List of rules of inference __knowledge__ \"Discharge rules\" permit inference from a subderivation based on a temporary assumption.", "Bachelor in Paradise (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of \"Bachelor in Paradise\" premiered on August 4, 2014, a week after season ten of \"The Bachelorette\", with the season finale airing on September 8, 2014.", "Bachelor in Paradise (season 1) __knowledge__ Chris Harrison reprised his role from \"The Bachelor\" and \"The Bachelorette\" as the host of the show.", "Bachelor in Paradise (season 1) __knowledge__ In March 2013, ABC canceled \"Bachelor Pad\" after three seasons.", "Bachelor in Paradise (season 1) __knowledge__ ABC then announced a new spin-off series, Bachelor In Paradise.", "Bachelor in Paradise (season 1) __knowledge__ The season was filmed in Tulum, Mexico.", "Bachelor in Paradise (season 1) __knowledge__ The first batch of contestants were revealed on June 4, 2014, but only 14 contestants were confirmed.", "Bachelor in Paradise (season 1) __knowledge__ On July 14, 2014, an additional 11 contestants were revealed, resulting in 25 contestants.", "The Practical Pig __knowledge__ The Practical Pig is a Silly Symphonies cartoon.", "The Practical Pig __knowledge__ It was released on February 24, 1939, and directed by Dick Rickard.", "The Practical Pig __knowledge__ It was the second-to-last Silly Symphony made, and the fourth and final cartoon starring The Three Pigs.", "The Practical Pig __knowledge__ Like its prequels, \"The Practical Pig\" incorporates the song \"Who's Afraid of the Big Bad Wolf?\".", "The Practical Pig __knowledge__ Unlike the previous Three Little Pigs Silly Symphonies, this was released as a standalone \"Three Little Pigs Cartoon\", suggesting that they were to get their own series of cartoons.", "The Practical Pig __knowledge__ Practical Pig is hard at work building a new anti-wolf contraption, this time a lie detector.", "The Practical Pig __knowledge__ His two brothers, Fiddler and Fifer Pig, find this funny and laugh; they then decide to go swimming, despite their brother's warning not to as the Wolf is lurking near the local pond.", "List of Home and Away characters (2017) __knowledge__ \"Home and Away\" is an Australian television soap opera.", "List of Home and Away characters (2017) __knowledge__ It was first broadcast on the Seven Network on 17 January 1988.", "List of Home and Away characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that appeared in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of Home and Away characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the soap's executive producer, Lucy Addario.", "List of Home and Away characters (2017) __knowledge__ The 30th season of \"Home and Away\" began airing from 30 January 2017.", "List of Home and Away characters (2017) __knowledge__ Riley Hawkins was introduced during the following episode.", "List of Home and Away characters (2017) __knowledge__ Scarlett Snow made her debut in May, while June saw the arrival of the four-strong Astoni family consisting of parents Ben and Maggie Astoni, and their daughters Coco and Ziggy Astoni.", "The Flight of Pony Baker __knowledge__ The Flight of Pony Baker is a novel for children, one of the many stories written by William Dean Howells.", "The Flight of Pony Baker __knowledge__ It was published by Harper and Brothers in 1902 in New York, New York.", "The Flight of Pony Baker __knowledge__ It tells the story of a young boy named Pony Baker who, throughout the book, attempts to run away from his home where he lives with his mother, father, and five sisters.", "The Flight of Pony Baker __knowledge__ The setting of the story is \"fifty years ago\" in the Boy's Town of Ohio, the state where Howells was born and raised.", "The Flight of Pony Baker __knowledge__ The story begins with Frank Baker, who is known as \"Pony\" after one of the boys in Boy's Town calls him by that name, so that he could be distinguished from his cousin Frank Baker.", "Jongens __knowledge__ Jongens (English title: \"Boys\") is a 2014 coming of age drama film produced in the Netherlands.", "Jongens __knowledge__ It was directed by Mischa Kamp and features Gijs Blom, Ko Zandvliet and Stijn Taverne.", "Jongens __knowledge__ The film was released on 9 February 2014.", "Jongens __knowledge__ Sieger is a fifteen-year-old boy, living with his widowed father, Theo, and his brother, Eddy, who, burdened with his mother's death, clashes with and acts out against his father.", "Jongens __knowledge__ Along with his best friend (Stef), Sieger is a member of the local athletics team.", "Jongens __knowledge__ They—and two other boys, Tom and Marc—are chosen to represent the team at the national championship relay race.", "Jongens __knowledge__ In order to win, they must train intensively.", "My Little Grass Shack in Kealakekua, Hawaii __knowledge__ \"My Little Grass Shack in Kealakekua, Hawaii\", written by Tommy Harrison, Bill Cogswell, and Johnny Noble in Hawaii in 1933, was a hit song in the Hawaiian musical style known as \"hapa haole\".", "My Little Grass Shack in Kealakekua, Hawaii __knowledge__ One of the earliest recordings by Ted Fio Rito and His Orchestra reached number one the charts in 1934.", "My Little Grass Shack in Kealakekua, Hawaii __knowledge__ \"Honolulu Magazine\" listed it as number 41 in a 2007 article, \"50 Greatest Songs of Hawaii\".", "My Little Grass Shack in Kealakekua, Hawaii __knowledge__ It has been heard in many movies and television shows and has been covered dozens of times, the title sometimes shortened to \"My Little Grass Shack\" or \"Little Grass Shack\".", "My Little Grass Shack in Kealakekua, Hawaii __knowledge__ The song was first written by Tommy Harrison and Bill Cogswell for Kona's Independence Day celebration in 1933.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Charm School with Ricki Lake is the third and final season of the VH1 reality television series \"Charm School\".", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Fourteen contestants from \"Rock of Love Bus with Bret Michaels\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" must change their old ways and learn improvement through acts of charity work.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ricki Lake is the headmistress of the Charm School, and is assisted by deans Alani \"La La\" Vazquez and Stryker.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ Ebony Jones (Risky) was ultimately named Charm School Queen and was awarded the $100,000.", "Charm School with Ricki Lake __knowledge__ \"First Aired May 11, 2009 This season of \"Charm School\" opens with fourteen women from \"Rock of Love Bus\" and \"Real Chance of Love\" on a bus traveling to meet their headmistress, Ricki Lake.", "If You Go Swimming in Tenerife __knowledge__ If You Go Swimming in Tenerife (German: Wenn man baden geht auf Teneriffa) is a 1964 West German comedy film directed by Helmuth M. Backhaus and starring Geneviève Cluny, Peter Kraus and Gunnar Möller .", "If You Go Swimming in Tenerife __knowledge__ The film's sets were designed by the art director Johannes Ott.", "If You Go Swimming in Tenerife __knowledge__ It was shot on location in Munich and on Tenerife in the Canary Islands.", "If You Go Swimming in Tenerife __knowledge__ After travelling to Spain for a holiday, six young Germans discover that their travel agency has gone bust and therefore they have nowhere to stay.", "If You Go Swimming in Tenerife __knowledge__ Instead they find employment at a local hotel, which they soon have to try and save from ruin.", "If You Go Swimming in Tenerife __knowledge__ The production features a number of songs including:" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is the self-propulsion of a person through fresh or salt water, usually for recreation, sport, exercise, or survival.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Humans can hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming is consistently among top public recreational activities, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national, and international competitions, including every modern summer Olympics.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Swimming relies on the natural buoyancy of the human body.", "Swimming __knowledge__ On average, the body has a relative density of 0.98 compared to water, which causes the body to float.", "Swimming __knowledge__ However, buoyancy varies on the basis of both body composition and the salinity of the water.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Higher levels of body fat and saltier water both lower the relative density of the body and increase its buoyancy.", "Swimming __knowledge__ Since the human body is only slightly less dense than water, water supports the weight of the body during swimming.", "Swimming __knowledge__ As a result, swimming is “low-impact” compared to land activities such as running.", "Wynnum Wading Pool __knowledge__ Wynnum Wading Pool is a heritage-listed tidal pool on the foreshore of Moreton Bay at The Esplanade, Wynnum, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Wynnum Wading Pool __knowledge__ The shallow oval-shaped pool was built in 1932 by relief workers during the Great Depression and opened to the public in 1933.", "Wynnum Wading Pool __knowledge__ It is also known as Manly Wading Pool and Wynnum Wading Pool Reserve.", "Wynnum Wading Pool __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 October 1998.", "Wynnum Wading Pool __knowledge__ The Wynnum Wading Pool Reserve was constructed in 1932 by relief workers and is a shallow tidal pool with concrete walls and a sandy bottom.", "Wynnum Wading Pool __knowledge__ The first European settlement of the Wynnum-Manly area of Moreton Bay occurred in the 1860s when two sugar mills, Lota and Wyvernleigh were established.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ Centenary Pool Complex is a heritage-listed swimming pool at 400 Gregory Terrace, Spring Hill, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ It was designed by architect James Birrell and built in 1959.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 5 November 1996.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ The Centenary Pool complex was constructed in 1959 by the Brisbane City Council, as its principal contribution to the celebrations marking the centenary of local government in Brisbane, proclaimed a City in October 1859, and the proclamation of the separation of Queensland from New South Wales in December 1859.", "Centenary Pool Complex __knowledge__ The complex was designed by Brisbane City Architect James Birrell and his staff, who commenced work on the design in 1957, and was completed in November 1959 at a cost of approximately £150,000.", "Louis G. Redstone Residential Historic District __knowledge__ The Louis G. Redstone Residential Historic District consists of three houses located at 19303, 19309 and 19315 Appoline Street in the Greenwich Park neighborhood in northwest Detroit.", "Louis G. Redstone Residential Historic District __knowledge__ It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.", "Louis G. Redstone Residential Historic District __knowledge__ The houses were designed by Redstone for occupancy by himself (19303 Appoline), his brother Solomon Redstone (19309 Appoline), and his business partner, architect Henry J .", "Louis G. Redstone Residential Historic District __knowledge__ Abrams (19315 Appoline).", "Louis G. Redstone Residential Historic District __knowledge__ The district is significant because the houses exhibit many of the fundamental characteristics of the International Style, as evidenced by the simple geometric form and proportions with lack of ornamentation, the low-sloped hip roofs, and use of corner windows, textured glass block, and curved bays.", "Ebenezer Floppen Slopper's Wonderful Water slides __knowledge__ Ebenezer Floppen Slopper's Wonderful Water slides is an abandoned waterpark located on a large hill on Roosevelt Road and Route 83 in Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois.", "Ebenezer Floppen Slopper's Wonderful Water slides __knowledge__ It first opened on July 5, 1980 with two 800 foot concrete water slides and gradually added 5 additional slides and a wading pool.", "Ebenezer Floppen Slopper's Wonderful Water slides __knowledge__ The water park became a major summer attraction for residents of surrounding towns and communities as people lined up for rides down the large winding slides.", "Ebenezer Floppen Slopper's Wonderful Water slides __knowledge__ When the two main slides first began operation, people slid down in groups of up to eight people at a time on rubber mats.", "Ebenezer Floppen Slopper's Wonderful Water slides __knowledge__ The 5 other slides added to the park included 2 flat racer slides in which people slid down head first on folded rubber mats, 2 semi enclosed tube body slides, and a smaller inner tube slide which emptied into a nearby wading pool.", "Shute Park Aquatic & Recreation Center __knowledge__ The Shute Park Aquatic & Recreation Center (SHARC) is a multi-pool indoor and outdoor facility located in Hillsboro in the U.S. state of Oregon.", "Shute Park Aquatic & Recreation Center __knowledge__ Originally opened in 1954 as an outdoor at Shute Park, an indoor recreation center and pool opened in 1981.", "Shute Park Aquatic & Recreation Center __knowledge__ The indoor recreation center, which includes a weight room, spa, a wading pool, and classroom space, was expanded in 2006 at a cost of $9 million.", "Shute Park Aquatic & Recreation Center __knowledge__ Proposals to build a pool for the city began as early as 1934 when the city council referred one plan to the city’s budget committee.", "Shute Park Aquatic & Recreation Center __knowledge__ That proposal would have been paid for using bonds and be built by the New Deal's State Emergency Relief Administration at Shute Park.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Mass versus weight __knowledge__ In common usage, the mass of an object is often referred to as its weight, though these are in fact different concepts and quantities.", "Mass versus weight __knowledge__ In scientific contexts, mass refers loosely to the amount of \"matter\" in an object (though \"matter\" may be difficult to define), whereas weight refers to the force exerted on an object by gravity.", "Mass versus weight __knowledge__ In other words, an object with a mass of 1.0 kilogram will weigh approximately 9.81 newtons on the surface of the Earth (its mass multiplied by the gravitational field strength), since the newton is a unit of force, while the kilogram is a unit of mass.", "Mass versus weight __knowledge__ The object's weight will be less on Mars (where gravity is weaker), more on Saturn, and negligible in space when far from any significant source of gravity, but it will always have the same mass.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ A swimming pool, swimming bath, wading pool, or paddling pool is a structure designed to hold water to enable swimming or other leisure activities.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ Pools can be built into the ground (in-ground pools) or built above ground (as a freestanding construction or as part of a building or other larger structure), and are also a common feature aboard ocean-liners and cruise ships.", "Swimming pool __knowledge__ In-ground pools are most commonly constructed from materials such as concrete, natural stone, metal, plastic or fiberglass, and can be of a custom size and shape or built to a standardized size, the largest of which is the Olympic-size swimming pool.", "Deep Eddy Pool __knowledge__ Deep Eddy Pool is a historic, man-made swimming pool in Austin, Texas.", "Deep Eddy Pool __knowledge__ Deep Eddy is the oldest swimming pool in Texas and features a bathhouse built during the Depression era by the Works Progress Administration.", "Deep Eddy Pool __knowledge__ The pool began as a swimming hole in the Colorado River, became a resort in the 1920s, and is today a popular swimming pool operated by the City of Austin.", "Deep Eddy Pool __knowledge__ Deep Eddy began simply as a swimming hole in the Colorado River that flows through Austin.", "Deep Eddy Pool __knowledge__ Cold springs rose from the river banks and people swam in the river where a large boulder formed an eddy.", "Deep Eddy Pool __knowledge__ In 1915, A.J.", "Deep Eddy Pool __knowledge__ Eilers, Sr. bought the land surrounding the swimming hole and built the concrete pool." ] ]

[ 0, 0, 50 ]

[ "Summer is about to be here. I can't wait to go swimming!", "A small wading pool, that's perfect. Have you ever seen \"The Man in the Moon\"?", "I'm not sure but how much longer until your son can use a large swimming pool?" ]

[ "Swimming", "Swimming", "Swimming" ]

[ "Hamburger", "I don't eat meat very often actually! Although I do know some delicious veggie burger recipes!", "Definitely! I find the secret to a good veggie burger is in the spices. When you add the right ingredients, it has a very similar taste to real burger (for me at least :P)" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ A veggie burger is a burger that does not contain meat.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ The patty of a veggie burger may be made from soy, legumes (beans), tofu, nuts, mushrooms, or grains or seeds, like wheat and flax.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ The patties that are the essence of a veggie burger have existed in various Eurasian cuisines for millennia, including in the form of disc-shaped grilled or fried meatballs or as koftas, a commonplace item in Indian cuisine.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ These may contain meats or be made of entirely vegetarian ingredients such as legumes or other plant-derived proteins.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ While it is not possible, or even necessary, to identify the 'inventor' of the veggie burger, there have been numerous claimants.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Whopper __knowledge__ The Whopper is the signature sandwich and an associated product line sold by international fast food restaurant chain Burger King and its Australian franchise Hungry Jack's.", "Whopper __knowledge__ Introduced in 1957, the sandwich has undergone several reformulations such as portion resizing and bread changes.", "Whopper __knowledge__ The hamburger version is well known in the fast food industry, with Burger King billing itself as \"the Home of the Whopper\" in its advertising, signage, and in its concept store, the BK Whopper Bar.", "Whopper __knowledge__ Due to its position in the marketplace, the Whopper has prompted Burger King's competitors to try to develop similar products designed to compete against it.", "Farm Sanctuary __knowledge__ Farm Sanctuary is an American animal protection organization, founded in 1986 as an advocate for farm animals.", "Farm Sanctuary __knowledge__ It was America's first shelter for farm animals.", "Farm Sanctuary __knowledge__ It promotes laws and policies that support animal welfare, animal protection, and vegetarianism/veganism through rescue, education, and advocacy.", "Farm Sanctuary __knowledge__ Farm Sanctuary houses over 800 cows, chickens, ducks, geese, turkeys, pigs, sheep, rabbits, and goats at a animal sanctuary in Watkins Glen, New York.", "Farm Sanctuary __knowledge__ They also house over 400 farm animals at a sanctuary in Orland, California.", "Farm Sanctuary __knowledge__ Farm Sanctuary acquired a third shelter, Animal Acres, near Los Angeles, California in 2011.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term may be prefixed with the type of meat or meat substitute used, as in \"turkey burger\", \"bison burger\", or \"veggie burger\".", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are sold at fast-food restaurants, diners, and specialty and high-end restaurants (where burgers may sell for several times the cost of a fast-food burger, but may be one of the cheaper options on the menu).", "Hamburger __knowledge__ There are many international and regional variations of the hamburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"hamburger\" originally derives from Hamburg, Germany's second-largest city.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ In German, \"Burg\" means \"castle\", \"fortified settlement\" or \"fortified refuge\" and is a widespread component of place names.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ A veggie burger is a burger that does not contain meat.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ The patty of a veggie burger may be made from soy, legumes (beans), tofu, nuts, mushrooms, or grains or seeds, like wheat and flax.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ The patties that are the essence of a veggie burger have existed in various Eurasian cuisines for millennia, including in the form of disc-shaped grilled or fried meatballs or as koftas, a commonplace item in Indian cuisine.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ These may contain meats or be made of entirely vegetarian ingredients such as legumes or other plant-derived proteins.", "Veggie burger __knowledge__ While it is not possible, or even necessary, to identify the 'inventor' of the veggie burger, there have been numerous claimants.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Whopper __knowledge__ The Whopper is the signature sandwich and an associated product line sold by international fast food restaurant chain Burger King and its Australian franchise Hungry Jack's.", "Whopper __knowledge__ Introduced in 1957, the sandwich has undergone several reformulations such as portion resizing and bread changes.", "Whopper __knowledge__ The hamburger version is well known in the fast food industry, with Burger King billing itself as \"the Home of the Whopper\" in its advertising, signage, and in its concept store, the BK Whopper Bar.", "Whopper __knowledge__ Due to its position in the marketplace, the Whopper has prompted Burger King's competitors to try to develop similar products designed to compete against it.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ As far back as the 1970s, international fast food restaurant chain Burger King has attempted to introduce a premium line of burgers.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ These sandwiches are part of a system which eventually became known as the barbell strategy; a plan designed to expand Burger King's menu with both more sophisticated, adult-oriented fare along with products that are more value-oriented.", "Burger King premium burgers __knowledge__ This program is intended to bring in a larger, more affluent adult audience who will be willing to spend more on the better quality products on one side while maintaining a lower cost value menu dedicated to a more cost-conscious audience on the other.", "A&W (Canada) __knowledge__ A&W Food Services of Canada, Inc. is a Canadian fast food restaurant chain.", "A&W (Canada) __knowledge__ The chain was originally part of the U.S.-based A&W Restaurants chain, but was sold to Unilever in 1972, and then bought by its management in 1995.", "A&W (Canada) __knowledge__ It no longer has any corporate connection to A&W operations outside of Canada.", "A&W (Canada) __knowledge__ The Canadian operation is owned and operated by the privately held A&W Food Services of Canada Inc., based in North Vancouver, British Columbia.", "A&W (Canada) __knowledge__ In December 2013, A&W was Canada's second-largest quick service restaurant burger chain with 850 outlets after McDonald's 1,400 outlets.", "A&W (Canada) __knowledge__ The first Canadian A&W restaurant opened in Winnipeg, Manitoba in 1956." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "We are having grilled pan fried hamburgers tonight for supper, delicious. Do you like hamburgers?", "They can be good too! I like mine with lettuce, tomato, onion, mayo and mustard so I probably would like a veggie burger too!", "Well, I don't believe I've tried a veggie burger, but I might do that. I usually prefer cheese on mine too." ]

[ "Hamburger", "Hamburger", "Hamburger" ]

[ "Madonna (entertainer)\nEveryone is always saying how Madonna is a living legend in the music world, but she's before my time. I'm kind of curious about her now. What are some things you know about her?", "I had no idea she was that multi-talented. What are some of her major hits, so I could look them up and listen to them?", "Okay, I'll have to look those up. I've heard one, but not the other two. What else is unique about her?", "I see. So, she's influential and has an impact more than just through her songs. That's pretty cool. What has she acted in?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna Louise Ciccone (; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Referred to as the \"Queen of Pop\" since the 1980s, Madonna is known for pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music, as well as visual imagery in music videos and on stage.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She has also frequently reinvented both her music and image while maintaining autonomy within the recording industry.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Besides sparking controversy, her works have been praised by music critics.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna is often cited as an influence by other artists.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Born and raised in Michigan, Madonna moved to New York City in 1978 to pursue a career in modern dance.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ After performing as a drummer, guitarist and vocalist in the music groups Breakfast Club and Emmy, Madonna signed with Sire Records in 1982 and released her eponymous debut album the next year.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She followed it with a series of successful albums, including the global bestsellers, \"Like a Virgin\" (1984) and \"True Blue\" (1986), as well as the Grammy Award winners, \"Ray of Light\" (1998) and \"Confessions on a Dance Floor\" (2005).", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Throughout her career, Madonna has written and produced most of her songs, with many of them reaching number one on the record charts, including \"Like a Virgin\", \"Papa Don't Preach\", \"Like a Prayer\", \"Vogue\", \"Take a Bow\", \"Frozen\", \"Music\", \"Hung Up\", and \"4 Minutes\".", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ Like a Virgin is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna, released on November 12, 1984, by Sire Records.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ Following the success of her self-titled debut album, Madonna wanted to become the record producer of her next album.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ However, her label was not ready to give her the artistic freedom and she chose Nile Rodgers instead to produce the album due to his work with David Bowie.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ Madonna wrote six songs on the record, five of which feature Steve Bray as a co-writer.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded at Power Station Studio in New York at a quick pace.", "Like a Virgin (album) __knowledge__ Rodgers enlisted the help of his former Chic bandmates Bernard Edwards, who was the bassist, and Tony Thompson, who played drums.", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Express Yourself\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Madonna, from her fourth studio album \"Like a Prayer\" (1989).", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released as the second single from the album on May 9, 1989 by Sire Records.", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The song was included on the greatest hits compilation albums \"The Immaculate Collection\" (1990), and \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Express Yourself\" was the first song that Madonna and producer Stephen Bray collaborated on for \"Like a Prayer\".", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Written and produced by them, the song was a tribute to American funk and soul band Sly and the Family Stone.", "Express Yourself (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The main inspiration behind the song is female empowerment, urging women never to go for second-best and to always express their inner feelings.", "Rebel Heart __knowledge__ Rebel Heart is the thirteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna.", "Rebel Heart __knowledge__ It was released on March 6, 2015, by Interscope Records.", "Rebel Heart __knowledge__ Following the completion of the \"MDNA\" release and promotion, Madonna worked on the album throughout 2014, co-writing and co-producing it with various musicians, including Diplo, Avicii, and Kanye West.", "Rebel Heart __knowledge__ She regularly uploaded pictures of her recording sessions on her Instagram account.", "Rebel Heart __knowledge__ Unlike her previous efforts, which involved only a few people, working with a large number of collaborators posed problems for Madonna in keeping a cohesive sound and creative direction for the album.", "American Life __knowledge__ American Life is the ninth studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna.", "American Life __knowledge__ It was first released on April 21, 2003, by Maverick Records and Warner Bros. Records.", "American Life __knowledge__ The album, produced in its entirety by Madonna and Mirwais Ahmadzaï, features references to many parts of American culture.", "American Life __knowledge__ The album is a concept album, with recurring themes of the American Dream and materialism.", "American Life __knowledge__ These themes reject the reputation Madonna held in the 1980s, earned by songs such as her worldwide hit \"Material Girl\" (1985).", "American Life __knowledge__ The album contains folk and folktronica music, as well as influences of acoustic music on many tracks.", "The MDNA Tour __knowledge__ The MDNA Tour was the ninth concert tour by American singer-songwriter Madonna.", "The MDNA Tour __knowledge__ It showcased material from her twelfth studio album, \"MDNA\" (2012).", "The MDNA Tour __knowledge__ The tour visited the Americas, Europe, and the Middle East.", "The MDNA Tour __knowledge__ This marked the singer's first performances in the United Arab Emirates, Ukraine, Scotland, and Colombia.", "The MDNA Tour __knowledge__ The tour was initially planned to reach Australia in January 2013 but was cancelled; Madonna apologized through a video letter on her official YouTube account.", "The MDNA Tour __knowledge__ Madonna described the tour as \"the journey of a soul from darkness to light\".", "The MDNA Tour __knowledge__ It was divided into four sections: \"Transgression\", where guns and violence was the main theme, \"Prophecy\", where a mix of joyful songs that bring people together are performed, \"Masculine/Feminine\", a combination of sensuality and fashion with a few of Madonna's classic songs performed in a French Cabaret-style, and \"Redemption\", which Madonna labeled as \"a big party and celebration\".", "Living for Love __knowledge__ \"Living for Love\" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna for her thirteenth studio album, \"Rebel Heart\" (2015).", "Living for Love __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Madonna, Diplo and Ariel Rechtshaid, with additional writing from MoZella and Toby Gad.", "Living for Love __knowledge__ Originally intended for a Valentine's Day 2015 release, the song was rush-released as the lead single from the album on December 20, 2014, by Interscope Records, after demos recorded for the album leaked on to the internet.", "Living for Love __knowledge__ An EDM and house track on which Madonna experimented with different musical genres, \"Living for Love\" contains instrumentation from percussion and piano by singer Alicia Keys, along with a gospel choir." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna Louise Ciccone (; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Referred to as the \"Queen of Pop\" since the 1980s, Madonna is known for pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music, as well as visual imagery in music videos and on stage.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She has also frequently reinvented both her music and image while maintaining autonomy within the recording industry.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Besides sparking controversy, her works have been praised by music critics.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna is often cited as an influence by other artists.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Born and raised in Michigan, Madonna moved to New York City in 1978 to pursue a career in modern dance.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ After performing as a drummer, guitarist and vocalist in the music groups Breakfast Club and Emmy, Madonna signed with Sire Records in 1982 and released her eponymous debut album the next year.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She followed it with a series of successful albums, including the global bestsellers, \"Like a Virgin\" (1984) and \"True Blue\" (1986), as well as the Grammy Award winners, \"Ray of Light\" (1998) and \"Confessions on a Dance Floor\" (2005).", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Throughout her career, Madonna has written and produced most of her songs, with many of them reaching number one on the record charts, including \"Like a Virgin\", \"Papa Don't Preach\", \"Like a Prayer\", \"Vogue\", \"Take a Bow\", \"Frozen\", \"Music\", \"Hung Up\", and \"4 Minutes\".", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1990s __knowledge__ The following lists the number one singles on the Australian Singles Chart, along with other substantial hits, during the 1990s.", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1990s __knowledge__ The source for this decade is the ARIA Charts.", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1990s __knowledge__ Top 5 singles by Australian and New Zealand artists Other hits Songs which peaked at number two included \"I Feel the Earth Move\" by Martika, \"I Want That Man\" by Deborah Harry, \"Ride On Time\" by Black Box, \"Don't Know Much\" by Linda Ronstadt and Aaron Neville, \"How Am I Supposed to Live Without You\" by Michael Bolton, \"Hold On\" by Wilson Phillips, \"Joey\" by Concrete Blonde, \"Close to You\" by Maxi Priest, and \"Suicide Blonde\" by INXS.", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s __knowledge__ The following lists the number one singles on the Australian Singles Chart, along with other substantial hits, during the 1980s.", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s __knowledge__ The source for this decade is the Kent Music Report (retitled as Australian Music Report in 1987), and the ARIA Charts.", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s __knowledge__ Two sets of charts ran in Australia in the late 1980s.", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s __knowledge__ The Kent Music Report began publication in 1974 as Australia's official national charts.", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s __knowledge__ From mid-1983, the Australian Recording Industry Association (or ARIA) licensed the Kent Music Report (which was renamed the 'Australian Music Report' in 1987).", "List of number-one singles in Australia during the 1980s __knowledge__ ARIA commenced compiling its own charts in-house from the week ending 26 June 1988 (a Sunday).", "1980s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 1980s.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ The 1980s saw the emergence of dance music and new wave.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ As disco fell out of fashion in the decade's early years, genres such as post-disco, Italo disco, Euro disco and dance-pop became more popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Rock music continued to enjoy a wide audience.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Soft rock, glam metal, thrash metal, shred guitar characterized by heavy distortion, pinch harmonics and whammy bar abuse became very popular.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ Adult contemporary, quiet storm, and smooth jazz gained popularity.", "1980s in music __knowledge__ In the late 1980s, glam metal became the largest, most commercially successful brand of music in the United States and worldwide.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records Inc. is an American major record label established in 1958 as the foundation label of the present-day Warner Music Group (WMG), and now operates as a wholly owned subsidiary of that corporation.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ Warner Bros. Records was established on March 19, 1958, as the recorded-music division of the American film studio Warner Bros.. For most of its early existence it was one of a group of labels owned and operated by larger parent corporations.", "Warner Bros. Records __knowledge__ The sequence of companies that controlled Warner Bros. and its allied labels evolved through a convoluted series of corporate mergers and acquisitions from the early 1960s to the early 2000s.", "The Hollies __knowledge__ The Hollies are an English pop/rock group best known for their pioneering and distinctive three-part vocal harmony style.", "The Hollies __knowledge__ The Hollies became one of the leading British groups of the 1960s (231 weeks on the UK singles charts during the 1960s, the 9th highest of any artist of the decade) and into the mid 1970s.", "The Hollies __knowledge__ It was formed by Allan Clarke and Graham Nash in 1962 as a Merseybeat-type music group in Manchester, although some of the band members came from towns north of there.", "The Hollies __knowledge__ Graham Nash left the group in 1968 to form the supergroup Crosby, Stills & Nash.", "The Hollies __knowledge__ They enjoyed considerable popularity in many countries (at least 60 singles or EPs and 26 albums charting somewhere in the world, spanning over five decades), although they did not achieve major US chart success until 1966 with \"Bus Stop\".", "Australian light destroyer project __knowledge__ The Australian light destroyer project aimed to build a class of small destroyers for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN).", "Australian light destroyer project __knowledge__ The project began in 1966 with the goal of developing simple light destroyers (DDL) to support patrol boat operations.", "Australian light destroyer project __knowledge__ The project was rescoped in 1969 when the Navy decided to use the ships to replace other destroyers as they retired, leading to an increase in the design's size and complexity.", "Australian light destroyer project __knowledge__ Concerns over the ships' cost and technological risk led the government to cancel the DDL project in 1973 on the RAN's advice, and a variant of the United States' was procured instead.", "Australian light destroyer project __knowledge__ From 1963 to 1966, RAN warships took part in the Indonesian Confrontation.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA () were a Swedish pop group, formed in Stockholm in 1972 by Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad: the group name derives from the first letter in each of their names.", "ABBA __knowledge__ They became one of the most commercially successful acts in the history of popular music, topping the charts worldwide from 1974 to 1982.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA won the Eurovision Song Contest 1974 at The Dome in Brighton, UK, giving Sweden its first triumph in the contest.", "ABBA __knowledge__ They are the most successful group to have taken part in the competition.", "ABBA __knowledge__ ABBA are estimated to have sold 340 to over 500 million records, making them one of the best-selling music artists of all time.", "American Business Women's Association __knowledge__ The American Business Women’s Association is a national professional association for women, established by Kansas City businessman, Hilary Bufton, Jr. On Sept. 22, 1949, Mr. Bufton and three Kansas City businesswomen incorporated the American Business Women’s Association.", "American Business Women's Association __knowledge__ “It was my feeling all women were seeking and deserved equal business opportunities.” He later wrote, “They had gained tremendous business knowledge during World War II, through necessity, and I felt a new organization for all businesswomen was needed.” The mission of ABWA is “to bring together businesswomen of diverse occupations and to provide opportunities for them to help themselves and others grow personally and professionally through leadership; education, networking support and national recognition.” Unlike profession-specific associations, ABWA is a professional organization for women in all stages of their career and in all professions.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ Sir James Paul McCartney, (born 18 June 1942), is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and composer.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ He gained worldwide fame as the bass guitarist and singer for the rock band the Beatles, widely considered the most popular and influential group in the history of pop music.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ His songwriting partnership with John Lennon was the most successful of the post-war era.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ After the group disbanded in 1970, he pursued a solo career and formed the band Wings with his first wife, Linda, and Denny Laine.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ McCartney is one of the most successful composers and performers of all time.", "Paul McCartney __knowledge__ More than 2,200 artists have covered his Beatles song \"Yesterday\", making it one of the most covered songs in popular music history.", "Business history __knowledge__ Business history deals with the history of business organizations, methods, government regulation, labor relations, and impact on society.", "Business history __knowledge__ It also includes biographies of individual companies, executives, and entrepreneurs.", "Business history __knowledge__ It is related to economic history.", "Business history __knowledge__ Even before academic studies began, Americans were enthralled by the Robber baron debate.", "Business history __knowledge__ As the United States industrialized very rapidly after the Civil War, a few hundred prominent men made large fortunes by building and controlling major industries, such as railroads, shipping, steel, mining and banking.", "Business history __knowledge__ Yet the newer who gathered the most attention was railroader Cornelius Vanderbilt.", "Janet Jackson __knowledge__ Janet Damita Jo Jackson (born May 16, 1966) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Janet Jackson __knowledge__ Known for sonically innovative, socially conscious and sexually provocative records, and elaborate stage shows, she has been a prominent figure in popular culture for over thirty years.", "Janet Jackson __knowledge__ The youngest child of the Jackson family, she began her career with the variety television series \"The Jacksons\" in 1976 and went on to appear in other television shows throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, including \"Good Times\" and \"Fame\".", "Janet Jackson __knowledge__ After signing a recording contract with A&M Records in 1982, she became a pop icon following the release of her third album \"Control\" (1986).", "Ursula (Disney) __knowledge__ Ursula is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' 28th animated feature film \"The Little Mermaid\" (1989).", "Ursula (Disney) __knowledge__ Voiced by American actress Pat Carroll, Ursula is a villainous sea witch who tricks a mermaid princess named Ariel into trading her voice for a pair of human legs, at first appearing to be providing the character with an opportunity to become human by temporarily transforming her into one so that she may earn the love of Prince Eric within three days.", "Ursula (Disney) __knowledge__ However, Ursula is, in fact, determined to sabotage Ariel's chances at any expense so that she can ultimately replace the mermaid's father King Triton as ruler over Atlantica.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher (; born Cherilyn Sarkisian; May 20, 1946) is an American singer and actress.", "Cher __knowledge__ Sometimes called the Goddess of Pop, she has been described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry.", "Cher __knowledge__ She is known for her distinctive contralto singing voice and for having worked in numerous areas of entertainment, as well as adopting a variety of styles and appearances during her six-decade-long career.", "Cher __knowledge__ Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song \"I Got You Babe\" reached number one on the American and British charts.", "Cher __knowledge__ By the end of 1967, they had sold 40 million records worldwide and had become, according to \"Time\" magazine, rock's \"it\" couple.", "Lucy Robinson (Neighbours) __knowledge__ Lucy Robinson is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Melissa Bell.", "Lucy Robinson (Neighbours) __knowledge__ The character has previously been portrayed by Kylie Flinker and Sasha Close.", "Lucy Robinson (Neighbours) __knowledge__ She was created by producer Reg Watson as one of the serial's original characters.", "Lucy Robinson (Neighbours) __knowledge__ Lucy was a prominent figure during the early 90's of \"Neighbours\", with Bell playing her on and off for five years.", "Lucy Robinson (Neighbours) __knowledge__ Portrayed originally as being clever, a recast was implemented to fit the character's transformation and she became the stereotype of a ditzy blonde female.", "Lucy Robinson (Neighbours) __knowledge__ She has been involved in storylines including battling a brain tumour, coping with blindness, incest, modelling and addictions to drugs, alcohol and spending." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna Louise Ciccone (; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Referred to as the \"Queen of Pop\" since the 1980s, Madonna is known for pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music, as well as visual imagery in music videos and on stage.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She has also frequently reinvented both her music and image while maintaining autonomy within the recording industry.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Besides sparking controversy, her works have been praised by music critics.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna is often cited as an influence by other artists.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Born and raised in Michigan, Madonna moved to New York City in 1978 to pursue a career in modern dance.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ After performing as a drummer, guitarist and vocalist in the music groups Breakfast Club and Emmy, Madonna signed with Sire Records in 1982 and released her eponymous debut album the next year.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She followed it with a series of successful albums, including the global bestsellers, \"Like a Virgin\" (1984) and \"True Blue\" (1986), as well as the Grammy Award winners, \"Ray of Light\" (1998) and \"Confessions on a Dance Floor\" (2005).", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Throughout her career, Madonna has written and produced most of her songs, with many of them reaching number one on the record charts, including \"Like a Virgin\", \"Papa Don't Preach\", \"Like a Prayer\", \"Vogue\", \"Take a Bow\", \"Frozen\", \"Music\", \"Hung Up\", and \"4 Minutes\".", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ \"Trigger\"'s keel was laid down on 1 February 1941 at Mare Island, California, by the Mare Island Navy Yard.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ She was launched on 22 October 1941 (sponsored by Mrs. Walter N. Vernou), and commissioned on 30 January 1942, with Lieutenant Commander Jack H. Lewis (US Naval Academy Class of 1927) in command.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ The submarine sailed for Hawaii on 22 May and reached Pearl Harbor the following week.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ She sortied for Midway Island with Task Group 7.2 (TG 7.2) on 29 May in anticipation of a Japanese attack on that island.", "USS Trigger (SS-237) __knowledge__ Her station during the ensuing Battle of Midway was northeast of Midway, and she remained there without contacting any enemy shipping until she was ordered back to Pearl Harbor on 9 June.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Live It Up (Jennifer Lopez song) __knowledge__ \"Live It Up\" is a song recorded by American singer Jennifer Lopez.", "Live It Up (Jennifer Lopez song) __knowledge__ It was written by RedOne, Alex Papaconstantinou, Björn Djupström, Viktor Svensson, Armando \"Pitbull\" Perez, Achraf Janussi and Bilal \"The Chef\" Hajji.", "Live It Up (Jennifer Lopez song) __knowledge__ It was produced by RedOne and Alex P, with co-production from Viktor Svensson and audio production by Kuk Harrell.", "Live It Up (Jennifer Lopez song) __knowledge__ The song features guest vocals from Pitbull; the song marks the fourth collaboration between the duo, following \"Fresh Out the Oven\" (2009), \"On the Floor\" (2011) and \"Dance Again\" (2012), the latter two of which achieved commercial success.", "Live It Up (Jennifer Lopez song) __knowledge__ \"Live It Up\" is a dance-pop and Europop song that features Lopez singing inspirational lyrics about living it up.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ \"Loveline\" has frequent games and traditions in which phone callers, guests, and the hosts participate.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Most of the games and traditions come and leave with their respective hosts.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Engineer Anderson Cowan is fond of splicing up phrases Drew, Adam, Stryker, and guests have uttered on previous shows and \"dropping\" them into new shows mid-call, to the confusion of callers and amusement of seasoned listeners.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Some favorites are: Some of the Drew Drops were set to music in the \"Dr. Drew Shuffle\" and the later \"Dr. Drew Boogie.\"", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ There are some other drops taken from a skit on the television show \"Crank Yankers\".", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the ITV science fiction television series \"Primeval\", including supporting characters.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series originally features a cast of five main characters plus supporting cast who investigate time anomalies for the British government.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ The series 1 cast is made up of Douglas Henshall as Professor Nick Cutter, James Murray as Stephen Hart, Andrew-Lee Potts as Connor Temple, Lucy Brown as Claudia Brown and Hannah Spearritt as Abby Maitland, with Juliet Aubrey as Helen Cutter, Ben Miller as James Lester and Mark Wakeling as Captain Tom Ryan.", "List of Primeval characters __knowledge__ In the final episode of Series 1, Captain Tom Ryan is killed off, and Claudia Brown disappears.", "True Blue (Madonna album) __knowledge__ True Blue is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Madonna, released on June 30, 1986, by Sire Records.", "True Blue (Madonna album) __knowledge__ She co-wrote and co-produced the entire album with Stephen Bray and Patrick Leonard.", "True Blue (Madonna album) __knowledge__ \"True Blue\" deals with her visions of love, work, dreams as well as disappointments, and was inspired by her then husband Sean Penn, to whom Madonna dedicated the album.", "True Blue (Madonna album) __knowledge__ Musically, the songs on the album took a different direction from her previous endeavours, incorporating classical music in order to engage an older audience who had been skeptical of her music.", "True Blue (Madonna album) __knowledge__ The album features instrumentation from acoustic guitars, drums, synthesizers and Cuban musical instruments.", "True Blue (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"True Blue\" is a song by American singer Madonna.", "True Blue (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It is the title track from her third studio album \"True Blue\" (1986), and was released as the album's third single on September 17, 1986 by Sire Records.", "True Blue (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Written and produced by Madonna and Steve Bray, the song deals with the feelings of Madonna for her then-husband Sean Penn.", "True Blue (Madonna song) __knowledge__ A dance-pop song, it features instrumentation from a rhythm guitar, a synthesizer, keyboards, and drums.", "True Blue (Madonna song) __knowledge__ The main chorus is backed by an alternate one, incorporating a chord progression generally found in doo-wop music.", "True Blue (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Received by the critics as a light-hearted and cute retro song, \"True Blue\" topped the charts in UK, Ireland and Canada and became another consecutive top ten song in US for Madonna by reaching number three on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ John Robert Williamson AM (born 1 November 1945 in Kerang, Victoria) is an Australian country music and folk music singer-songwriter.", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ Williamson has released over forty albums, ten videos, five DVDs, and two lyric books.", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ His top 10 albums on the ARIA Charts are \"Mallee Boy\" (1986), \"Boomerang Cafe\" (1988), \"Warragul\" (No.", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ 1, 1989), \"Pipe Dream\" (1997), \"The Way It Is\" (1999), \"True Blue Two\" (compilation, 2003) and \"Hillbilly Road\" (2008).", "John Williamson (singer) __knowledge__ On Australia Day (26 January) 1992 Williamson was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) with the citation: \"for service to Australian country music and in stimulating awareness of conservation issues\".", "List of Madonna records and achievements __knowledge__ American singer Madonna, throughout her career, spanning three decades, has obtained a remarkable series of statistical achievements, setting and breaking several world records with her participation in entrepreneurial activities, of acting and her performance in the musical scene for her videos, singles, albums, and tours.", "List of Madonna records and achievements __knowledge__ Her first appearance in the \"Guinness Book of World Records\" was in 1986 with her third studio album, \"True Blue\".", "List of Madonna records and achievements __knowledge__ Since then, she has earned multiple appearances, some 20 at least in February 2012, including her insigne record title as the top-selling female recording artist of all time.", "Open Your Heart (Madonna song) __knowledge__ \"Open Your Heart\" is a song by American singer Madonna from her third studio album \"True Blue\" (1986).", "Open Your Heart (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It was released as the album's fourth single in November 19, 1986 by Sire Records.", "Open Your Heart (Madonna song) __knowledge__ It has since appeared remixed on the compilation albums \"The Immaculate Collection\" (1990) and \"Celebration\" (2009).", "Open Your Heart (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Originally a rock and roll song titled \"Follow Your Heart\", it was written for singer Cyndi Lauper by songwriters Gardner Cole and Peter Rafelson.", "Open Your Heart (Madonna song) __knowledge__ Looking for new songs for \"True Blue\", Madonna accepted it.", "Open Your Heart (Madonna song) __knowledge__ She rewrote the song and, along with Patrick Leonard, changed the composition to suit the dance-pop genre.", "Who's That Girl World Tour __knowledge__ Who's That Girl World Tour was the second concert tour by American singer and songwriter Madonna.", "Who's That Girl World Tour __knowledge__ The tour supported her 1986 third studio album \"True Blue\", as well as the 1987 soundtrack \"Who's That Girl\".", "Who's That Girl World Tour __knowledge__ It was Madonna's first world tour, reaching Asia, North America and Europe.", "Who's That Girl World Tour __knowledge__ Musically and technically superior to her previous initiative, the Who's That Girl Tour incorporated multimedia components to make the show more appealing.", "Who's That Girl World Tour __knowledge__ Madonna trained physically doing aerobics, jogging and weight-lifting, to cope with the choreography and the dance routines.", "Who's That Girl World Tour __knowledge__ For the costumes, she collaborated with designer Marlene Stewart, expanding on the idea of bringing her popular video characters to life onstage, reworking scenes from her music videos." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna Louise Ciccone (; born August 16, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Referred to as the \"Queen of Pop\" since the 1980s, Madonna is known for pushing the boundaries of lyrical content in mainstream popular music, as well as visual imagery in music videos and on stage.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She has also frequently reinvented both her music and image while maintaining autonomy within the recording industry.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Besides sparking controversy, her works have been praised by music critics.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Madonna is often cited as an influence by other artists.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Born and raised in Michigan, Madonna moved to New York City in 1978 to pursue a career in modern dance.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ After performing as a drummer, guitarist and vocalist in the music groups Breakfast Club and Emmy, Madonna signed with Sire Records in 1982 and released her eponymous debut album the next year.", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ She followed it with a series of successful albums, including the global bestsellers, \"Like a Virgin\" (1984) and \"True Blue\" (1986), as well as the Grammy Award winners, \"Ray of Light\" (1998) and \"Confessions on a Dance Floor\" (2005).", "Madonna (entertainer) __knowledge__ Throughout her career, Madonna has written and produced most of her songs, with many of them reaching number one on the record charts, including \"Like a Virgin\", \"Papa Don't Preach\", \"Like a Prayer\", \"Vogue\", \"Take a Bow\", \"Frozen\", \"Music\", \"Hung Up\", and \"4 Minutes\".", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between September 25, 2010, and May 21, 2011, the thirty-sixth season of \"SNL\".", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Vanessa Bayer plays teen Disney Channel star Miley Cyrus as the exuberant host of her own talk show.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ (Theme song: \"I've got guests, and a show, and I'm ready to go!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ So I guess that's pretty cool!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ It's pretty cool!\")", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bryan Cranston played her father and house band leader Billy Ray Cyrus in the sketch's debut; he was replaced by Jason Sudeikis in later installments.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bayer performed her impression of Cyrus during her auditions for SNL.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan is an American hip hop group from Staten Island, New York City, originally composed of East Coast rappers RZA, GZA, Ol' Dirty Bastard, Method Man, Raekwon, Ghostface Killah, Inspectah Deck, U-God and Masta Killa.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ Cappadonna later became an official member of the group.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan has released four gold and platinum studio albums.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ Its 1993 debut album, \"Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)\", is considered to be one of the greatest albums in hip-hop history.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan has introduced and launched the careers of a number of affiliated artists and groups, often collectively known as the Wu-Tang Killa Bees, and has been described as one of the most influential hip-hop groups of all-time.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe Kanefsky (born 1969) is an American film writer/director who specializes in horror films.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky grew up in the suburbs of New York and attended Hampshire College where he studied Film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ He began writing stories at a young age after his childhood dream of becoming a clown took the backseat to his interest in film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ By the time he was twenty-one, Rolfe had written and directed the original cult classic horror spoof \"There's Nothing Out There\".", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe eventually moved to California and has since been making his living writing and directing.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky has directed 15 of his own films and been the writer on several others.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country (or country and western) is a musical genre that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s.", "Country music __knowledge__ It takes its roots from genres such as folk music (especially Appalachian folk music) and blues.", "Country music __knowledge__ Country music often consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms, folk lyric and harmonies accompanied by mostly string instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, steel guitars (such as pedal steels and dobros), and fiddles as well as harmonicas.", "Country music __knowledge__ Blues modes have been used extensively throughout its recorded history.", "Country music __knowledge__ According to Lindsey Starnes, the term \"country music\" gained popularity in the 1940s in preference to the earlier term \"hillbilly music\"; it came to encompass Western music, which evolved parallel to hillbilly music from similar roots, in the mid-20th century.", "Untitled (How Does It Feel) __knowledge__ \"Untitled (How Does It Feel)\" is a song by American recording artist D'Angelo, released January 1, 2000 on Virgin Records in the United States.", "Untitled (How Does It Feel) __knowledge__ It was issued as a radio single in promotion of his second studio album, \"Voodoo\" (2000).", "Untitled (How Does It Feel) __knowledge__ Written and produced by D'Angelo and Raphael Saadiq, the song was originally composed as a tribute to musician Prince.", "Untitled (How Does It Feel) __knowledge__ \"Untitled (How Does It Feel)\" contains a vintage style and sound similar to that of Prince's early musical work.", "Untitled (How Does It Feel) __knowledge__ The song's lyrics concern a man's plea to his lover for sex.", "Untitled (How Does It Feel) __knowledge__ The song received generally favorable reviews from music critics and it earned D'Angelo a number of awards.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ Early Netherlandish painting is the work of artists, sometimes known as the Flemish Primitives, active in the Burgundian and Habsburg Netherlands during the 15th- and 16th-century Northern Renaissance; especially in the flourishing cities of Bruges, Ghent, Mechelen, Louvain, Tournai and Brussels, all in contemporary Belgium.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ Their work follows the International Gothic style and begins approximately with Robert Campin and Jan van Eyck in the early 1420s.", "Early Netherlandish painting __knowledge__ It lasts at least until the death of Gerard David in 1523, although many scholars extend it to the start of the Dutch Revolt in 1566 or 1568 (Max J. Friedländer's acclaimed surveys run through Pieter Bruegel the Elder).", "List of artists influenced by Madonna __knowledge__ Since her debut in 1982, Madonna's contributions to music, film, fashion, dance, and popular culture alongside with her attitude has influenced many other artists in the world.", "List of artists influenced by Madonna __knowledge__ Her influence in the entertainment industry has generated extensive commentaries and analysis from critics, the media and public alike.", "List of artists influenced by Madonna __knowledge__ Madonna's influence on artists is praised by most authors and historians, because when she emerged in the 80's, almost all the top artists in the world were men and bands, but after her, almost all would be female singers, with many critics saying that she still with the same status and unrivaled by any of her colleagues.", "Black metal __knowledge__ Black metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music.", "Black metal __knowledge__ Common traits include fast tempos, a shrieking vocal style, heavily distorted guitars played with tremolo picking, raw (lo-fi) recording, unconventional song structures, and an emphasis on atmosphere.", "Black metal __knowledge__ Artists often appear in corpse paint and adopt pseudonyms.", "Black metal __knowledge__ During the 1980s, several thrash and death metal bands formed a prototype for black metal.", "Black metal __knowledge__ This so-called first wave included bands such as Venom, Bathory, Mercyful Fate, Hellhammer and Celtic Frost.", "Black metal __knowledge__ A second wave arose in the early-1990s, spearheaded by Norwegian bands such as Mayhem, Darkthrone, Burzum, Immortal, Emperor, Satyricon and Gorgoroth.", "Cultural impact of Madonna __knowledge__ Since the beginning of her career in the early 1980s, American singer and songwriter Madonna has had a social-cultural impact on the world through her recordings, attitude, clothing and lifestyle.", "Cultural impact of Madonna __knowledge__ Called the \"Queen of Pop\", Madonna is labeled by international authors as the greatest woman in music, as well as the most influential and iconic female recording artist of all time.", "Cultural impact of Madonna __knowledge__ Accepted as a global cultural icon, Madonna has built a legacy that goes beyond music and has been studied by sociologists, historians and other social scientists.", "Cultural impact of Madonna __knowledge__ Her impact is often compared with that of The Beatles and Elvis Presley; they are the best selling acts of all time in the general, solo male and female category respectively.", "Lip sync __knowledge__ Lip sync (short for lip synchronization) is a technical term for matching a speaking or singing person's lip movements with prerecorded sung or spoken vocals that listeners hear, either through the sound reinforcement system in a live performance or via television, computer or cinema speakers in other cases.", "Lip sync __knowledge__ The term can refer to any of a number of different techniques and processes, in the context of live performances and audiovisual recordings.", "Lip sync __knowledge__ In film production, lip-synching is often part of the postproduction phase.", "Lip sync __knowledge__ Dubbing foreign-language films and making animated characters appear to speak both require elaborate lip-synching.", "Jacobello del Fiore __knowledge__ Jacobello del Fiore (c. 1370 – 1439) was a Venetian artist in the late fourteenth century and early fifteenth century.", "Jacobello del Fiore __knowledge__ His early work is in the Late Gothic style popularized by Altichiero da Verona and Jacopo Avanzi, two of his contemporaries, while his mature work displays a local Venetian style established by the school of Paolo Veneziano, an artist and workshop proprietor with notable Byzantine inspiration in his work.", "Jacobello del Fiore __knowledge__ This stylistic return to his roots sets him apart from Niccolò di Pietro and Zanino di Pietro, Venetian contemporaries he is often associated with.", "Jacobello del Fiore __knowledge__ During his lifetime, he received commissions primarily on the Adriatic coast and in Venice." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 5, 2 ]

[ "She is American business woman, singer, song writer and actress", "Yes hits include Like a Virgin, true blue and Ray of Light", "Many artists often cite Madonna as an influence and inspiration", "Many movies and she is known as the queen of pop since the 1980's" ]

[ "Madonna (entertainer)", "Madonna (entertainer)", "Madonna (entertainer)", "Madonna (entertainer)" ]

[ "Secondary education\nI think getting a secondary education is important if you want to be able to get a decent job.", "In the old days kids didn't usually attend secondary education. They would go work the farms instead.", "I think that is a good law. Dropping out really harms kids chances of succeeding.", "As it should be. I like how the end of secondary education coincides with the age of majority in the US.", "That's right although middle can also be called Junior High. Also the grades can be split up different ways." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education (less common junior secondary education) is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 (upper) secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Like primary education, in most countries secondary education is compulsory, at least until the age of 16.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Children typically enter the lower secondary phase around age 11.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Compulsory education sometimes extends to age 19.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Since 1989 education has been seen as a basic human right for a child, article 28, of the Convention on the Rights of the Child states that: primary education should be free and compulsory while different forms of secondary education, including general and vocational education, should be available and accessible to every child.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ The terminology has proved difficult, and there was no universal definition before ISCED divided the period between primary education and university into junior secondary education and (upper) secondary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the ISCED scale.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 or upper secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ In Algeria, secondary school starts after obtaining the BEM (Brevet d'Enseignement Moyen) (Middle School Certificate), and ends by getting the Baccalaureate that exclusively grants access to national universities.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ The political positions of Mitt Romney have been recorded from his 1994 U.S. senatorial campaign, the 2002 gubernatorial election, during his 2003–2007 governorship, during his 2008 U.S. presidential campaign, in his 2010 book \"\", and during his 2012 U.S. presidential campaign.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ Some of these political positions have changed, while others have remained unchanged.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In his 1994 Senate campaign, Romney called for the \"virtual elimination\" of the federal Department of Agriculture and for reductions in farm subsidies.", "Political positions of Mitt Romney __knowledge__ In 2007, when questioned about these views, a Romney for President Iowa campaign spokesman responded: \"Governor Romney believes that investing in agriculture is key to our economy and families.\"", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ Youth unemployment is the unemployment of young people, defined by the United Nations as 15–24 years old.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ An unemployed person is defined as someone who does not have a job but is actively seeking work.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ In order to qualify as unemployed for official and statistical measurement, the individual must be without employment, willing and able to work, of the officially designated 'working age' and actively searching for a position.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ Youth unemployment rates tend to be higher than the adult rates in every country in the world.", "Youth unemployment __knowledge__ There are 1.2 billion youth in the world aged between 15 and 24, accounting for 17% of the world's population.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education (less common junior secondary education) is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 (upper) secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Like primary education, in most countries secondary education is compulsory, at least until the age of 16.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Children typically enter the lower secondary phase around age 11.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Compulsory education sometimes extends to age 19.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Since 1989 education has been seen as a basic human right for a child, article 28, of the Convention on the Rights of the Child states that: primary education should be free and compulsory while different forms of secondary education, including general and vocational education, should be available and accessible to every child.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ The terminology has proved difficult, and there was no universal definition before ISCED divided the period between primary education and university into junior secondary education and (upper) secondary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the ISCED scale.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 or upper secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ In Algeria, secondary school starts after obtaining the BEM (Brevet d'Enseignement Moyen) (Middle School Certificate), and ends by getting the Baccalaureate that exclusively grants access to national universities.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Education in Ethiopia has been dominated by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church for many centuries until secular education was adopted in the early 1900s.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Prior to 1974, Ethiopia had an estimated illiteracy rate well above 90% and compared poorly with the rest of Africa in the provision of schools and universities.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ After 1974 revolution, emphasis was placed on increasing literacy in rural areas.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Practical subjects were stressed, as was the teaching of socialism.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ By 2015, the literacy rate had increased to 49.1%, though this is still poor compared to most of the rest of Africa.", "Education in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Recently, there has been massive expansion throughout the educational system.", "Education in Sweden __knowledge__ From the age of one, children can be admitted to pre-school (\"förskola\").", "Education in Sweden __knowledge__ Pre-schools help provide an environment that stimulates children's development and learning and enable parents to combine parenthood with work or studies.", "Education in Sweden __knowledge__ During the year before children start compulsory school, all children are offered a place in a pre-school class (\"förskoleklass\"), which combines the pedagogical methods of the pre-school with those of compulsory school.", "Education in Sweden __knowledge__ Immersion methods amongst children aged four to seven is highly emphasized in compulsory school.", "Education in Sweden __knowledge__ Between ages 6/7 and 15/16, children attend compulsory comprehensive school (\"grundskola\"), divided in three stages.", "Twelfth grade __knowledge__ Twelfth grade, senior year, or grade 12 is the final year of secondary school in North America.", "Twelfth grade __knowledge__ In other regions it is also equivalently referred as class 12 or Year 13.", "Twelfth grade __knowledge__ In most countries students then graduate at age 17–18.", "Twelfth grade __knowledge__ Some countries have a thirteenth grade, while other countries do not have a 12th grade/year at all.", "Twelfth grade __knowledge__ Twelfth grade is typically the last year of high school; graduation year.", "Twelfth grade __knowledge__ In Australia, the twelfth grade is referred to as Year 12.", "Twelfth grade __knowledge__ In New South Wales, students are usually 16 or 17 years old when they enter Year 12 and 17–18 years during graduation (end of year).", "Twelfth grade __knowledge__ A majority of students in Year 12 work towards getting an ATAR (Australian Tertiary Admission Rank) or OP (Overall Position, which applies only to students in the state of Queensland), which will allow them access to courses at university.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Despite significant progress, education coverage remains a challenge in Latin America.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ The region has made great progress in educational coverage; almost all children attend primary school and access to secondary education has increased considerably.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Adolescents complete on average two more years of schooling than their parents' generation.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ Most educational systems in the region have implemented various types of administrative and institutional reforms that have enabled reach for places and communities that had no access to education services in the early 90s.", "Education in Latin America __knowledge__ However, there are still 23 million children in the region between the ages of 4 and 17 outside of the formal education system.", "Primary education __knowledge__ Primary education and elementary education is typically the first stage of formal education, coming after preschool and before secondary education (The first four grades of primary school, Grades 1-4, are also part of early childhood education).", "Primary education __knowledge__ Primary education usually takes place in a primary school or elementary school.", "Primary education __knowledge__ In some countries, primary education is followed by middle school, an educational stage which exists in some countries, and takes place between primary school and high school college.", "Primary education __knowledge__ The United Nations Millennium Development Goal 2 was to achieve universal primary education by the year 2015, by which time their aim was to ensure that all children everywhere, regardless of race or gender, will be able to complete primary schooling.", "Education __knowledge__ Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.", "Education __knowledge__ Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "Education __knowledge__ Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themselves.", "Education __knowledge__ Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational.", "Education __knowledge__ The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.", "Education __knowledge__ Education is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten, primary school, secondary school and then college, university, or apprenticeship.", "Educational stage __knowledge__ Educational stages are subdivisions of formal learning, typically covering early childhood education, primary education, secondary education and tertiary (or higher) education.", "Educational stage __knowledge__ The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes seven levels of education in its International Standard Classification of Education system (ISCED, from Level 0 (pre-primary education) through Level 6 (second stage of tertiary education)).", "Educational stage __knowledge__ UNESCO's International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific education systems and their stages.", "Educational stage __knowledge__ Education during childhood and early adulthood is typically provided through either a two- or three-stage system of childhood schooling, followed by additional stages of higher education or vocational education for those who continue their formal education: The following table introduces the main concepts, although terms and ages may vary in different places: For additional ISCED stages of education, see ISCED.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ Education in the Philippines is managed and regulated by the Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ DepEd is responsible for the K–12 basic education; it exercises full and exclusive control over public schools and nominal regulation over private schools, and it also enforces the national curriculum that has been put in place since 2013.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ CHED and TESDA, on the other hand, are responsible for higher education; CHED regulates the academically-oriented universities and colleges while TESDA oversees the development of technical and vocational education institutions and programs in the country." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education (less common junior secondary education) is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 (upper) secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Like primary education, in most countries secondary education is compulsory, at least until the age of 16.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Children typically enter the lower secondary phase around age 11.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Compulsory education sometimes extends to age 19.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Since 1989 education has been seen as a basic human right for a child, article 28, of the Convention on the Rights of the Child states that: primary education should be free and compulsory while different forms of secondary education, including general and vocational education, should be available and accessible to every child.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ The terminology has proved difficult, and there was no universal definition before ISCED divided the period between primary education and university into junior secondary education and (upper) secondary education.", "Polmer Store __knowledge__ The Polmer Store, built , is a well-preserved example of the once-common plantation store.", "Polmer Store __knowledge__ The one-story frame structure in Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.", "Polmer Store __knowledge__ Samuel and Leon Polmer were two successful leaders within Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana.", "Polmer Store __knowledge__ Before moving to Houma, Louisiana, the Polmer brothers immigrated from Austria to Donaldsonville, Louisiana.", "Polmer Store __knowledge__ There, the Polmer brothers managed a factory that produced heavily leaded glass containers and soda pop.", "Polmer Store __knowledge__ The brothers moved to Houma and purchased the Ducros Plantation from the Woods brothers, R. C. and R.S, in 1909.", "Sara Kirke __knowledge__ Lady Sara Kirke was the wife of Sir David Kirke (1597–1654), the governor of Newfoundland between 1638 and 1651.", "Sara Kirke __knowledge__ She is considered to be North America's \"first and foremost entrepreneur\".", "Sara Kirke __knowledge__ Lady Sara Kirke arrived at the Province of Avalon, in what is now the area surrounding Ferryland, Newfoundland and Labrador in 1638, with her husband, Sir David Kirke, following his appointment as Proprietary Governor.", "Sara Kirke __knowledge__ When David Kirke was recalled to England in 1651, under a cloud of allegations of financial impropriety, Lady Kirke continued to reside in Avalon, conducting the family businesses.", "Sara Kirke __knowledge__ Upon the death of Sir David in 1654, allegedly while imprisoned in England, Lady Sara inherited a third of her husband's estate, based on dower rights.", "Tobacco packaging warning messages __knowledge__ Tobacco package warning messages are warning messages that appear on the packaging of cigarettes and other tobacco products concerning their health effects.", "Tobacco packaging warning messages __knowledge__ They have been implemented in an effort to enhance the public's awareness of the harmful effects of smoking.", "Tobacco packaging warning messages __knowledge__ In general, warnings used in different countries try to emphasize the same messages.", "Tobacco packaging warning messages __knowledge__ Warnings for some countries are listed below.", "Tobacco packaging warning messages __knowledge__ Such warnings have been required in tobacco advertising for many years.", "Tobacco packaging warning messages __knowledge__ The WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, adopted in 2003, requires such package warning messages to promote awareness against smoking.", "Gone (novel series) __knowledge__ Gone is a bestselling book series written by Michael Grant.", "Gone (novel series) __knowledge__ The series is centered on the fictional Southern Californian town of Perdido Beach, in which every human aged 15 and older vanishes.", "Gone (novel series) __knowledge__ The town and surrounding areas become encased within an impenetrable energy barrier, with many of its inhabitants developing supernatural powers.", "Gone (novel series) __knowledge__ The books follow the exploits of the protagonist, Sam Temple, as he battles antagonists Caine Soren and Drake Merwin, as well as a mysterious, malevolent creature, known as the Darkness or the gaiaphage (derived from Gaia, a Greek personification of the Earth, and \"phage\", from the Greek φαγεῖν \"phagein\" \"to devour\").", "Ducros Plantation __knowledge__ The Ducros Plantation (a.k.a.", "Ducros Plantation __knowledge__ Old Jackson Plantation or Polmer Plantation) is a Southern plantation located in Schriever, Louisiana.", "Ducros Plantation __knowledge__ The plantation is located in Schriever, Terrebone Parish, Louisiana.", "Ducros Plantation __knowledge__ It is two miles and a half away from Thibodaux.", "Ducros Plantation __knowledge__ The land was granted by Spain to Thomas Villanueva Barroso who, 10 years later, sold it to Pierre Denis de La Ronde whose son-in-law, Adolphe Ducros, developed it into the Ducros Plantation.", "Ducros Plantation __knowledge__ In 1845, Ducros sold it to Colonel Van Perkins Winder.", "Ducros Plantation __knowledge__ Winder expanded the acreage by purchasing adjacent land formerly owned by Thomas Butler and smaller farms.", "Ion Creangă __knowledge__ Ion Creangă (; also known as Nică al lui Ștefan a Petrei, Ion Torcălău and Ioan Ștefănescu; March 1, 1837 – December 31, 1889) was a Moldavian, later Romanian writer, raconteur and schoolteacher.", "Ion Creangă __knowledge__ A main figure in 19th century Romanian literature, he is best known for his \"Childhood Memories\" volume, his novellas and short stories, and his many anecdotes.", "Ion Creangă __knowledge__ Creangă's main contribution to fantasy and children's literature includes narratives structured around eponymous protagonists (\"Harap Alb\", \"Ivan Turbincă\", \"Dănilă Prepeleac\", \"Stan Pățitul\"), as well as fairy tales indebted to conventional forms (\"The Story of the Pig\", \"The Goat and Her Three Kids\", \"The Mother with Three Daughters-in-Law\", \"The Old Man's Daughter and the Old Woman's Daughter\").", "Arab Liberation Army __knowledge__ The Arab Liberation Army ( \"Jaysh al-Inqadh al-Arabi\"), also translated as Arab Salvation Army, was an army of volunteers from Arab countries led by Fawzi al-Qawuqji.", "Arab Liberation Army __knowledge__ It fought on the Arab side in the 1948 Palestine war and was set up by the Arab League as a counter to the Arab High Committee's Holy War Army, though in fact the League and Arab governments prevented thousands from joining either force.", "Arab Liberation Army __knowledge__ At the meeting in Damascus on 5 February 1948 to organize Palestinian Field Commands, Northern Palestine was allocated to Qawuqji's forces, although the West Bank was \"de facto\" already under the control of Transjordan.", "Identity document __knowledge__ An identity document (also called a piece of identification or ID, or colloquially as papers) is any document which may be used to prove a person's identity.", "Identity document __knowledge__ If issued in a small, standard credit card size form, it is usually called an identity card (IC, ID card, Citizen Card), or Passport Card.", "Identity document __knowledge__ Some countries issue formal identity documents, while others may require identity verification using informal documents.", "Identity document __knowledge__ When the identity document incorporates a person's photograph, it may be called photo ID.", "Identity document __knowledge__ In the absence of a formal identity document, a driver's license may be accepted in many countries for identity verification.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Many countries have enacted electric bicycle laws to regulate the use of electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Countries such as the United States and Canada have federal regulations governing the safety requirements and standards of manufacture.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ Other countries like the signatories of the European Union have agreed to wider-ranging legislation covering use and safety of their term EPAC (electric pedal-assisted cycles).", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ However, confusion remains regarding the various laws involving electric bicycles.", "Electric bicycle laws __knowledge__ This stems from the fact that while some countries have national regulations, the legality of road use is left to states and provinces, and then complicated further by municipal laws and restrictions.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Military service __knowledge__ Military service is service by an individual or group in an army or other militia, whether as a chosen job or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription).", "Military service __knowledge__ Some nations (e.g., Mexico) require a specific amount of military service from every citizen, except for special cases, such as physical or mental disorders or religious beliefs.", "Military service __knowledge__ Most countries that use conscription systems only conscript men; a few countries also conscript women.", "Military service __knowledge__ For example, China, North Korea, Israel, Eritrea, Taiwan, Malaysia, Libya and Peru conscript both men and women.", "Military service __knowledge__ Some nations with conscription systems do not enforce them (see below).", "Compulsory voting __knowledge__ Compulsory voting refers to laws which require eligible citizens to register and vote in national and/or local elections.", "Compulsory voting __knowledge__ Effective compulsory voting imposes penalties on citizens or constituents who fail to cast a vote in an official election and actively pursues eligible citizens who fail to register as voters as required by law.", "Compulsory voting __knowledge__ , 11 democracies — about 5% of all United Nations members — enforce compulsory voting out of 22 countries listed worldwide as having a compulsory voting system.", "Compulsory voting __knowledge__ Athenian democracy held that it was every citizen's duty to participate in decision making, but attendance at the assembly was voluntary.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the ISCED scale.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 or upper secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ In Algeria, secondary school starts after obtaining the BEM (Brevet d'Enseignement Moyen) (Middle School Certificate), and ends by getting the Baccalaureate that exclusively grants access to national universities.", "Education in Romania __knowledge__ Education in Romania is based on a free-tuition, egalitarian system.", "Education in Romania __knowledge__ Access to free education is guaranteed by Article 32 in the Constitution of Romania.", "Education in Romania __knowledge__ Education is regulated and enforced by the Ministry of National Education.", "Education in Romania __knowledge__ Each step has its own form of organization and is subject to different laws and directives.", "Education in Romania __knowledge__ Since the downfall of the communist regime, the Romanian educational system has been through several reforms.", "Education in Romania __knowledge__ Kindergarten is optional under the age of six.", "Education in Romania __knowledge__ Compulsory schooling usually starts at age 6, with the \"preparatory school year\" (\"clasa pregătitoare\"), which is mandatory in order to enter the first grade." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education (less common junior secondary education) is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 (upper) secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Like primary education, in most countries secondary education is compulsory, at least until the age of 16.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Children typically enter the lower secondary phase around age 11.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Compulsory education sometimes extends to age 19.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Since 1989 education has been seen as a basic human right for a child, article 28, of the Convention on the Rights of the Child states that: primary education should be free and compulsory while different forms of secondary education, including general and vocational education, should be available and accessible to every child.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ The terminology has proved difficult, and there was no universal definition before ISCED divided the period between primary education and university into junior secondary education and (upper) secondary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the ISCED scale.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 or upper secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ In Algeria, secondary school starts after obtaining the BEM (Brevet d'Enseignement Moyen) (Middle School Certificate), and ends by getting the Baccalaureate that exclusively grants access to national universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ Education in the Philippines is managed and regulated by the Department of Education (DepEd), Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA).", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ DepEd is responsible for the K–12 basic education; it exercises full and exclusive control over public schools and nominal regulation over private schools, and it also enforces the national curriculum that has been put in place since 2013.", "Education in the Philippines __knowledge__ CHED and TESDA, on the other hand, are responsible for higher education; CHED regulates the academically-oriented universities and colleges while TESDA oversees the development of technical and vocational education institutions and programs in the country.", "Education in Zimbabwe __knowledge__ Education in Zimbabwe is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education for primary and secondary education and the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary Education, Science and Technology Development for higher education.", "Education in Zimbabwe __knowledge__ Both are regulated by the Cabinet of Zimbabwe.", "Education in Zimbabwe __knowledge__ The education system in Zimbabwe encompasses 13 years of primary and secondary school and runs from January to December.", "Education in Zimbabwe __knowledge__ The school year is a total of 40 weeks with three terms and a month break in-between each term.", "Education in Zimbabwe __knowledge__ In 1980, education was declared a basic human right by Robert Mugabe, the leader of the ZANU party, which changed the constitution to recognize primary and secondary public education as free and compulsory.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ Education in Portugal is free and compulsory until the age of 18, when students complete the 12th grade.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The education is regulated by the State through the Ministry of Education.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ There is a system of public education and also many private schools at all levels of education.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The first Portuguese medieval universities, such as the University of Coimbra, were created in the 13th century, and the national higher education system is fully integrated into the European Higher Education Area.", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ The basic literacy rate of the Portuguese population is 95.7% (97.1% male, 94.4% female).", "Education in Portugal __knowledge__ According to INE (Portuguese Institute for National Statistics), only 3.7 million Portuguese workers (67% of the working active population) completed basic education (81% of the working population attained the lower basic level of education and 12% attained the intermediate level of education).", "Human rights __knowledge__ Human rights are moral principles or norms that describe certain standards of human behaviour, and are regularly protected as legal rights in municipal and international law.", "Human rights __knowledge__ They are commonly understood as inalienable fundamental rights \"to which a person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being\", and which are \"inherent in all human beings\" regardless of their nation, location, language, religion, ethnic origin or any other status.", "Human rights __knowledge__ They are applicable everywhere and at every time in the sense of being universal, and they are egalitarian in the sense of being the same for everyone.", "Right to Internet access __knowledge__ The right to Internet access, also known as the right to broadband or freedom to connect, is the view that all people must be able to access the Internet in order to exercise and enjoy their rights to freedom of expression and opinion and other fundamental human rights, that states have a responsibility to ensure that Internet access is broadly available, and that states may not unreasonably restrict an individual's access to the Internet.", "Right to Internet access __knowledge__ In December 2003 the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) was convened under the auspice of the United Nations.", "Right to Internet access __knowledge__ After lengthy negotiations between governments, businesses and civil society representatives the WSIS Declaration of Principles was adopted reaffirming the importance of the Information Society to maintaining and strengthening human rights: The WSIS Declaration of Principles makes specific reference to the importance of the right to freedom of expression in the \"Information Society\" in stating: A poll of 27,973 adults in 26 countries, including 14,306 Internet users, conducted for the BBC World Service between 30 November 2009 and 7 February 2010 found that almost four in five Internet users and non-users around the world felt that access to the Internet was a fundamental right.", "Human right to water and sanitation __knowledge__ The Human Right to Water and Sanitation (HRWS) was recognised as a human right by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly on 28 July 2010.", "Human right to water and sanitation __knowledge__ The HRWS has been recognized in international law through human rights treaties, declarations and other standards.", "Human right to water and sanitation __knowledge__ The Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR) of 1948 and International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) of 1966 implicitly recognized the HRWS.", "Human right to water and sanitation __knowledge__ Other treaties that explicitly recognize the HRWS include the 1979 Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).", "Reproductive rights __knowledge__ Reproductive rights are legal rights and freedoms relating to reproduction and reproductive health that vary amongst countries around the world.", "Reproductive rights __knowledge__ The World Health Organization defines reproductive rights as follows: Reproductive rights rest on the recognition of the basic right of all couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to have the information and means to do so, and the right to attain the highest standard of sexual and reproductive health.", "Reproductive rights __knowledge__ They also include the right of all to make decisions concerning reproduction free of discrimination, coercion and violence.", "Water politics __knowledge__ Water politics, sometimes called hydropolitics, is politics affected by the availability of water and water resources, a necessity for all life forms and human development.", "Water politics __knowledge__ The first use of the term, hydropolitics, came in the book \"Hydropolitics of the Nile Valley\".", "Water politics __knowledge__ Arun P. Elhance's definition of hydropolitics is \"the systematic study of conflict and cooperation between states over water resources that transcend international borders\".", "Water politics __knowledge__ The availability of drinking water per capita is inadequate and shrinking worldwide.", "Water politics __knowledge__ The causes, related to both quantity and quality, are many and varied; they include local scarcity, limited availability and population pressures, but also human activities of mass consumption, misuse, environmental degradation and water pollution, as well as climate change.", "Information literacy __knowledge__ The United States National Forum on Information Literacy defines information literacy as \"... the ability to know when there is a need for information, to be able to identify, locate, evaluate, and effectively use that information for the issue or problem at hand.\"", "Information literacy __knowledge__ The American Library Association defines \"information literacy\" as a set of abilities requiring individuals to \"recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information.", "Information literacy __knowledge__ Other definitions incorporate aspects of \"skepticism, judgement, free thinking, questioning, and understanding...\" or incorporate competencies that an informed citizen of an information society ought to possess to participate intelligently and actively in that society." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education scale.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education (less common junior secondary education) is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 (upper) secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Like primary education, in most countries secondary education is compulsory, at least until the age of 16.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Children typically enter the lower secondary phase around age 11.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Compulsory education sometimes extends to age 19.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ Since 1989 education has been seen as a basic human right for a child, article 28, of the Convention on the Rights of the Child states that: primary education should be free and compulsory while different forms of secondary education, including general and vocational education, should be available and accessible to every child.", "Secondary education __knowledge__ The terminology has proved difficult, and there was no universal definition before ISCED divided the period between primary education and university into junior secondary education and (upper) secondary education.", "Middle school __knowledge__ A middle school (also known as intermediate school or junior high school) is an educational stage which exists in some countries, providing education between primary school and high school (secondary school).", "Middle school __knowledge__ The concept, regulation and classification of middle schools, as well as the ages covered, vary between, and sometimes within, countries.", "Middle school __knowledge__ In Afghanistan, middle school consists of grades 6, 7 and 8.", "Middle school __knowledge__ Besides there is a change in the scenario.", "Middle school __knowledge__ In Albania, middle school is included in the primary education which lasts 9 years and attendance is mandatory.", "Middle school __knowledge__ In Algeria, a middle school includes 4 grades; 6, 7, 8 and 9 consisting of students from ages 11 to 14 or 12 to 15.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education covers two phases on the ISCED scale.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Level 2 or lower secondary education is considered the second and final phase of basic education, and level 3 or upper secondary education is the stage before tertiary education.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Every country aims to provide basic education, but the systems and terminology remain unique to them.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ Secondary education typically takes place after six years of primary education and is followed by higher education, vocational education or employment.", "List of secondary education systems by country __knowledge__ In Algeria, secondary school starts after obtaining the BEM (Brevet d'Enseignement Moyen) (Middle School Certificate), and ends by getting the Baccalaureate that exclusively grants access to national universities.", "Female genital mutilation __knowledge__ Female genital mutilation (FGM), also known as female genital cutting and female circumcision, is the ritual cutting or removal of some or all of the external female genitalia.", "Female genital mutilation __knowledge__ The practice is found in Africa, Asia and the Middle East, and within communities from countries in which FGM is common.", "Female genital mutilation __knowledge__ UNICEF estimated in 2016 that 200 million women living today in 30 countries—27 African countries, Indonesia, Iraqi Kurdistan and Yemen—have undergone the procedures.", "Female genital mutilation __knowledge__ Typically carried out by a traditional circumciser using a blade, FGM is conducted from days after birth to puberty and beyond.", "Female genital mutilation __knowledge__ In half the countries for which national figures are available, most girls are cut before the age of five.", "Mid Valley School District __knowledge__ Mid Valley School District is a small public school district located in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, comprising the boroughs of Olyphant, Dickson City, and Throop.", "Mid Valley School District __knowledge__ Mid Valley School District encompasses approximately .", "Mid Valley School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 15,193.", "Mid Valley School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population increased to 15,304 people.", "Mid Valley School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Mid Valley School District population (25 years old and over) were 89.9% high school graduates and 20.8% college graduates.", "Mid Valley School District __knowledge__ The district is one of 12 public school districts in Lackawanna County and one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Connellsville Area School District __knowledge__ The Connellsville Area School District is a large rural, public school district which covers the City of Connellsville, the Boroughs of Dawson, Dunbar, Ohiopyle, Seven Springs, South Connellsville and Vanderbilt and Bullskin Township, Connellsville Township, Dunbar Township, Saltlick Township, Springfield Township and Stewart Township in Fayette County, Pennsylvania.", "Connellsville Area School District __knowledge__ The district encompasses approximately .", "Connellsville Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Connellsville Area School District serves a resident population of 38,303.", "Connellsville Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the district's population declined to 34,453 people.", "Connellsville Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Connellsville Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 85.2% high school graduates and 11.6% college graduates.", "Armstrong School District (Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The Armstrong School District is a large, public school district which encompasses approximately .", "Armstrong School District (Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The District is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Armstrong School District (Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ In Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, Armstrong School District covers the Boroughs of Applewold, Atwood, Dayton, Elderton, Ford City, Ford Cliff, Kittanning, Manorville, Rural Valley, West Kittanning and Worthington and the Townships of Bethel Township, Boggs Township, Burrell Township, Cadogan Township, Cowanshannock Township, East Franklin Township, Kittanning Township, Manor Township, North Buffalo Township, Pine Township, Plumcreek Township, Rayburn Township, South Bend Township, Valley Township, Washington Township, Wayne Township and West Franklin Township.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Education in the United States is provided by public, private and home schools.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ State governments set overall educational standards, often mandate standardized tests for K–12 public school systems and supervise, usually through a board of regents, state colleges and universities.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Funding comes from the state, local, and federal government.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ Private schools are generally free to determine their own curriculum and staffing policies, with voluntary accreditation available through independent regional accreditation authorities, although some state regulation can apply.", "Education in the United States __knowledge__ In 2013, about 87% of school-age children (those below higher education) attended state funded public schools, about 10% attended tuition- and foundation-funded private schools and roughly 3% were home-schooled.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Education in China is a state-run system of public education run by the Ministry of Education.", "Education in China __knowledge__ All citizens must attend school for at least nine years, known as the nine-year compulsory education, which the government funds.", "Education in China __knowledge__ It includes six years of primary education, starting at age six or seven, and three years of junior secondary education (junior middle school) for ages 12 to 15.", "Education in China __knowledge__ Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four years for junior middle school.", "Education in China __knowledge__ After junior middle school, there are three years of senior middle school, which then completes the secondary education.", "Midd-West School District __knowledge__ Midd-West School District (MWSD) is a midsized, rural, public school district located in the borough of Middleburg in Snyder County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Midd-West School District __knowledge__ The Midd-West School District encompasses approximately .", "Midd-West School District __knowledge__ Midd-West School District serves: Beavertown, McClure, Beaver Springs, Adams Township, Beaver Township, Center Township, Franklin Township, Middlecreek Township, Perry Township, Spring Township, West Beaver Township and West Perry Township.", "Midd-West School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 16,531.", "Midd-West School District __knowledge__ Per the US Census Bureau by 2010, the District's population increased to 17,470 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ Selinsgrove Area School District is a mid-sized, suburban/rural public school district centered in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania in eastern Snyder County, Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Selinsgrove Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The district is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it serves a resident population of 21,015 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ In 2010 the district's population increased to 22,259 people.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ District enrollment has declined to approximately 2700 students clustered on a campus located in the borough of Selinsgrove.", "Selinsgrove Area School District __knowledge__ The Pennsylvania Department of Education projected a continued decline in enrollment to 2,500 in 2010.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ Shamokin Area School District is a small, rural public school district located in Coal Township, Pennsylvania, US.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ The Shamokin Area School District community consists of the city of Shamokin and the townships of Coal, East Cameron and Shamokin.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ It is located at the southern end of the anthracite coal region in Northumberland County in central Pennsylvania with a population of approximately 21,000.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ According to the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 20,876 people.", "Shamokin Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shamokin Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 82.4% high school graduates and 9.3% college graduates.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District is a midsized, suburban/rural, public school district in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ It serves Northumberland Borough, Point Township, Rockefeller Township, Snydertown Borough, the City of Sunbury, and Upper Augusta Township.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The administrative offices are located at Administration Center, 200 Island Blvd, Sunbury, Pennsylvania.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ Shikellamy School District encompasses approximately .", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Per the US Census Bureau, by 2010, the district's population declined to 22,554 people.", "Shikellamy School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Shikellamy School District population 25 and over were 83.6% high school graduates and 15.3% college graduates.", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ Warrior Run School District is a small, rural, public school district that covers .", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ It spans townships in three different counties: Gregg Township in Union County, Delaware Township and Lewis Township in Northumberland County, and Anthony Township and Limestone Township in Montour County in central Pennsylvania, USA.", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ It also serves the residents of the boroughs of Turbotville, McEwensville and Watsontown.", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ In 2010, the US Census Bureau reported the District's population increased to 17,278 people.", "Warrior Run School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, Warrior Run School District served a resident population of 16,542.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District is a large, suburban, public school district located in suburban Harrisburg, Pennsylvania serving students in central and eastern Dauphin County.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It is the largest school district in the county, the largest in the greater Harrisburg metropolitan area and is the 14th largest school district in Pennsylvania.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The district serves the Boroughs of: Dauphin, Paxtang and Penbrook as well as Lower Paxton Township, Middle Paxton Township, Swatara Township and West Hanover Township.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ It was created in 1954, combining four smaller districts.", "Central Dauphin School District __knowledge__ The Central Dauphin School District encompasses approximately ." ] ]

[ 4, 5, 8, 3, 7 ]

[ "Definitely as secondary education takes place after six years or primary education and you have to have secondary education before you can go to college or employmenet.", "This is very true, but in most countries now it is compulsory until at least 16.", "I would agree with you and since 1989 education has actually been considered a basic human right for a child in the US.", "I think most countries do aim to provide the basic education, but the systems and terminology between the countries can be unique and difficult for outsiders to understand. For instance in the US we would say middle school and high school.", "Very true. When my girls were in school it was split up differently than it is now in our community. I have heard of some areas making it law that a child has to attend school until they are 19." ]

[ "Secondary education", "Secondary education", "Secondary education", "Secondary education", "Secondary education" ]

[ "Toronto Raptors\nTell me more about Toronto Raptors buddy", "When was the basketball team formed?", "How many NBA titles have they won so far?", "Oh ok. Which toronto businessman was responsible for bringing the the Toronto Raptors to Canada", "Oh ok. Thanks for enlightening me about the Toronto Raptors" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Raptors struggled in their early years, but after the acquisition of Vince Carter through a draft day trade in 1998, the team set league-attendance records and made the NBA playoffs in 2000, 2001, and 2002.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Carter was instrumental in leading the team to a then-franchise high 47 wins and their first playoff series win in 2001, where they advanced to the Eastern Conference semifinals.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ During the 2002–03 and 2003–04 seasons, they failed to make significant progress, and Carter was traded in 2004 to the New Jersey Nets.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ After Carter left, Chris Bosh emerged as the team leader.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Vincent Lamar Carter (born January 26, 1977) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ He is tall and plays both shooting guard and small forward.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Carter is one of only seven players ever to play at least 20 seasons in the NBA.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ A high school McDonald's All-American, Carter played three years at the University of North Carolina.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ While there, he twice reached the Final Four of the NCAA Tournament before being selected as the fifth overall pick in the 1998 NBA draft by the Golden State Warriors, who traded him to the Toronto Raptors.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ Christopher Wesson Bosh (born March 24, 1984) is an American professional basketball player who is currently a free agent.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ A high school \"Mr. Basketball\" in Texas, Bosh left Georgia Tech after one season to enter the 2003 NBA draft.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ He was selected fourth overall by the Toronto Raptors in a draft class that included multiple future NBA superstars such as LeBron James, Dwyane Wade and Carmelo Anthony.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ While at Toronto, Bosh emerged as one of the young stars in the league; he became a five-time NBA All-Star, was named to the All-NBA Second Team once, appeared for the U.S. national team (with whom he won a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics), and supplanted former fan-favorite Vince Carter as the face and leader of the Raptors franchise.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment Ltd. (MLSE) is a professional sports and commercial real estate company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ With assets that include franchises in four of the six major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada, it is the largest sports and entertainment company in Canada, and one of the largest in North America.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ The primary holdings of the company are its major sports franchises, the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League, Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association, Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, and Toronto FC of Major League Soccer, as well as their minor league farm teams, the Toronto Marlies of the American Hockey League (AHL), Raptors 905 of the NBA G League and Toronto FC II of the United Soccer League, respectively.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ Kyle Lowry (born March 25, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ He attended Cardinal Dougherty High School in Philadelphia and declared for the NBA draft after two seasons with Villanova University under coach Jay Wright.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ He was selected by the Memphis Grizzlies with the 24th pick in the 2006 NBA draft.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ Lowry is credited with helping lead the Raptors to the playoffs and win an Atlantic Division title for the first time in seven years, during the 2013–14 season, his second season with the team.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ In 2015–16, he helped lead the Raptors to 56 wins, the highest win total in franchise history, and helped the team reach the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The Miami Heat is an American professional basketball team based in Miami.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The team was launched in 1988 and played in the 1988–89 season of the National Basketball Association.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The next season they moved from the Western Conference to the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ After a mainly mediocre performance in the first few seasons, there were extensive team changes in 1995 and 1996 under head coach Pat Riley, including the recruitment of Isaac Austin and P.J.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ Brown.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They reached the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time in 1996–97.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They did not reach this level again until 2004–05, under new head coach Stan Van Gundy and with Dwyane Wade as a leading team member.", "2006–07 Toronto Raptors season __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors 2006–07 season is the twelfth National Basketball Association (NBA) season for the Toronto Raptors basketball franchise.", "2006–07 Toronto Raptors season __knowledge__ Following a poor 2005–06 season, General Manager Bryan Colangelo greatly revamped the team roster during the pre-season but continued to build the team around All-Star Chris Bosh.", "2006–07 Toronto Raptors season __knowledge__ Despite a sluggish start, the 2006–07 season transformed into a year for Toronto.", "2006–07 Toronto Raptors season __knowledge__ The Raptors captured their first division title, finished third in the Eastern Conference, made the playoffs for the first time in five years, equalled their best ever regular season record, and secured home court advantage for the first time in franchise history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Raptors struggled in their early years, but after the acquisition of Vince Carter through a draft day trade in 1998, the team set league-attendance records and made the NBA playoffs in 2000, 2001, and 2002.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Carter was instrumental in leading the team to a then-franchise high 47 wins and their first playoff series win in 2001, where they advanced to the Eastern Conference semifinals.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ During the 2002–03 and 2003–04 seasons, they failed to make significant progress, and Carter was traded in 2004 to the New Jersey Nets.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ After Carter left, Chris Bosh emerged as the team leader.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball competition.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in 1906.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I, with an all-time win-loss record of 1759–1057 ().", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ Among Big 12 Conference men's basketball programs, Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage.", "Northern Cement basketball team __knowledge__ The Northern Cement basketball team (popularly known as, the NCC basketball team) refers to the team that represented the national basketball program and training pool for the Philippines men's national basketball team from 1980 to 1986.", "Northern Cement basketball team __knowledge__ The team was owned by businessman Eduardo \"Danding\" Cojuangco, Jr. through his company, Northern Cement Corporation (NCC).", "Northern Cement basketball team __knowledge__ In 1980, businessman and ambassador Eduardo \"Danding\" Cojuangco, founder and owner of Northern Cement Corporation, was appointed by the Philippine President Ferdinand E. Marcos to become the project director for basketball in the country.", "Northern Cement basketball team __knowledge__ Cojuangco (despite not being an officer or member of the national basketball governing body at that time - the Basketball Association of the Philippines) was tasked to set up, finance, and develop the national basketball team to represent the country internationally.", "Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball __knowledge__ The Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball team represents the University of Minnesota Twin Cities campus.", "Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball __knowledge__ The Golden Gophers have played in the Big Ten since the conference began sponsoring basketball in 1905 and play their home games in Williams Arena.", "Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball __knowledge__ The Gophers had great success in the early years of basketball, but have been largely overshadowed by other programs since the end of World War I.", "Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball __knowledge__ In total, the Gophers have won nine Big Ten championships, but only four since 1919.", "Minnesota Golden Gophers men's basketball __knowledge__ College basketball research organizations have retroactively awarded Minnesota national championships in 1902, 1903, and 1919.", "Relocation of sports teams in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Relocation of professional sports teams in the United Kingdom is a practice which involves a sports team moving from one metropolitan area to another, although occasionally moves between municipalities in the same conurbation are also included.", "Relocation of sports teams in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ For relocations in other part of the world see \"Relocation of professional sports teams\".", "Relocation of sports teams in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ In British sport, the relocation of teams away from their traditional districts is unusual because of the nature of the relationship between clubs and their fans: the local football club is regarded by most English football supporters as part of the local identity and social fabric rather than as a business that can be transplanted by its owners at will.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime series \"Slam Dunk\" features a cast of fictional characters created by Takehiko Inoue.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in Japan, with the main characters being high school basketball players from Kanagawa Prefecture.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ It tells the story of Hanamichi Sakuragi, a teenager who falls in love with Haruko Akagi after being rejected by 50 other girls.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ However, as Haruko is in love with Kaede Rukawa, a popular and talented basketball player, Sakuragi decides to join the Shohoku High School basketball team to surpass Rukawa and make Haruko fall in love with him.", "List of Slam Dunk characters __knowledge__ As he starts learning how to play basketball, Sakuragi starts liking the sport and resolves to become the best player.", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ The sport of basketball in Greece erupted with the senior men's Greek national basketball team's win at the FIBA EuroBasket 1987 in Piraeus, which caused a general basketball euphoria in the country.", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ Since then, men's Greek national teams have reached constant international success, leading Greece to join Russia, Serbia, Croatia, Italy, Spain, France, and Lithuania in the circle of European basketball powers.", "Basketball in Greece __knowledge__ In addition to the national team's triumph in 1987, Greece won a gold medal at the FIBA EuroBasket 2005, silver medals at the FIBA EuroBasket 1989 and the 2006 FIBA World Championship, as well as the bronze medal at the FIBA EuroBasket 2009.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The Lithuania men's national basketball team (Lithuanian: \"Lietuvos nacionalinė vyrų krepšinio rinktinė\") participates in FIBA's competitions.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Despite Lithuania's small size, with a population of just almost 2.9 million, the country's devotion to basketball has made them a traditional force of the sport in Europe.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The Lithuanian team won the last EuroBasket tournaments prior to World War II, in 1937 and 1939.", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ The 1939 team was led by Frank Lubin, who helped popularize basketball in the country and was called the \"grandfather of Lithuanian basketball\".", "Lithuania men's national basketball team __knowledge__ Following the country's annexation by the Soviet Union during the war, Lithuanian players frequently formed the core of the Soviet national team.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ The City of Toronto has a long history of sport.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ It is home to a number of clubs, including: the Granite Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1836), the Royal Canadian Yacht Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1852), the Toronto Cricket Skating and Curling Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ pre-1827), the Argonaut Rowing Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1872), Toronto Argonauts football club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1873), the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1881), and the Badminton and Racquet Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1924).", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ A number of heritage venues have developed in Toronto such as: Christie Pits (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1899), Ricoh Coliseum (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1921), Varsity Arena (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1926), Maple Leaf Gardens (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1931).", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ Toronto has teams in nearly every major professional sport, including the Toronto Blue Jays (MLB), Toronto Argonauts (CFL), Toronto Raptors (NBA), Toronto Rock (NLL), Toronto FC (MLS), and the Toronto Maple Leafs (NHL).", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment Ltd. (MLSE) is a professional sports and commercial real estate company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ With assets that include franchises in four of the six major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada, it is the largest sports and entertainment company in Canada, and one of the largest in North America.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ The primary holdings of the company are its major sports franchises, the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League, Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association, Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, and Toronto FC of Major League Soccer, as well as their minor league farm teams, the Toronto Marlies of the American Hockey League (AHL), Raptors 905 of the NBA G League and Toronto FC II of the United Soccer League, respectively.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The New York Knickerbockers, commonly referred to as the Knicks, are an American professional basketball team based in the New York City borough of Manhattan.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The Knicks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Madison Square Garden, located in the borough of Manhattan.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ They are one of two NBA teams located in New York City; the other is the Brooklyn Nets.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The team, established by Ned Irish in 1946, was one of the founding members of the Basketball Association of America (BAA), which became the NBA after merging with the rival National Basketball League (NBL) in 1949.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Vincent Lamar Carter (born January 26, 1977) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ He is tall and plays both shooting guard and small forward.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Carter is one of only seven players ever to play at least 20 seasons in the NBA.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ A high school McDonald's All-American, Carter played three years at the University of North Carolina.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ While there, he twice reached the Final Four of the NCAA Tournament before being selected as the fifth overall pick in the 1998 NBA draft by the Golden State Warriors, who traded him to the Toronto Raptors.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ Christopher Wesson Bosh (born March 24, 1984) is an American professional basketball player who is currently a free agent.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ A high school \"Mr. Basketball\" in Texas, Bosh left Georgia Tech after one season to enter the 2003 NBA draft.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ He was selected fourth overall by the Toronto Raptors in a draft class that included multiple future NBA superstars such as LeBron James, Dwyane Wade and Carmelo Anthony.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ While at Toronto, Bosh emerged as one of the young stars in the league; he became a five-time NBA All-Star, was named to the All-NBA Second Team once, appeared for the U.S. national team (with whom he won a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics), and supplanted former fan-favorite Vince Carter as the face and leader of the Raptors franchise.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The Miami Heat is an American professional basketball team based in Miami.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The team was launched in 1988 and played in the 1988–89 season of the National Basketball Association.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The next season they moved from the Western Conference to the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ After a mainly mediocre performance in the first few seasons, there were extensive team changes in 1995 and 1996 under head coach Pat Riley, including the recruitment of Isaac Austin and P.J.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ Brown.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They reached the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time in 1996–97.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They did not reach this level again until 2004–05, under new head coach Stan Van Gundy and with Dwyane Wade as a leading team member." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Raptors struggled in their early years, but after the acquisition of Vince Carter through a draft day trade in 1998, the team set league-attendance records and made the NBA playoffs in 2000, 2001, and 2002.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Carter was instrumental in leading the team to a then-franchise high 47 wins and their first playoff series win in 2001, where they advanced to the Eastern Conference semifinals.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ During the 2002–03 and 2003–04 seasons, they failed to make significant progress, and Carter was traded in 2004 to the New Jersey Nets.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ After Carter left, Chris Bosh emerged as the team leader.", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ The NBA Finals is the championship series of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ The entrants are determined by the victors of the Eastern and Western conferences, who engage in a best-of-seven game series to determine the league champion.", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ The winners of the Finals are awarded the Larry O'Brien Championship Trophy, which replaced the Walter A.", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ Brown Trophy in 1983.", "NBA Finals __knowledge__ Prior to the 1949–50 season, the series was named the BAA Finals, before seeing alteration following the merger between the Basketball Association of America (BAA) and the National Basketball League (NBL) which created the modern NBA.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ Wilton Norman Chamberlain (August 21, 1936 – October 12, 1999) was an American basketball player.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played for the Philadelphia/San Francisco Warriors, the Philadelphia 76ers, and the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA); he played for the University of Kansas and also for the Harlem Globetrotters before playing in the NBA.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ The 7 foot 1 inch Chamberlain weighed 250 pounds as a rookie before bulking up to 275 and eventually to over 300 pounds with the Lakers.", "Wilt Chamberlain __knowledge__ He played the center position and is widely considered one of the greatest and most dominant players in NBA history.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Boston Celtics are an American professional basketball team based in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Celtics compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ Founded in 1946 as one of the original eight NBA teams to survive the league's first decade, the team is owned by Boston Basketball Partners LLC.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Celtics play their home games at the TD Garden, which they share with the National Hockey League (NHL)'s Boston Bruins.", "Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The franchise is the most successful in NBA history, with 17 championships, which accounts for 23.9 percent of all NBA championships since the league's founding.", "History of the Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Boston Celtics are an American professional basketball team based in Boston.", "History of the Boston Celtics __knowledge__ Founded in 1946 as a charter member of the Basketball Association of America, the Celtics then moved into the National Basketball Association (NBA) in 1949, as said league was formed by the merger of the BAA merged with the National Basketball League.", "History of the Boston Celtics __knowledge__ Currently playing in the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference, the Celtics have the most NBA titles with 17 championships.", "History of the Boston Celtics __knowledge__ Eleven of those occurred between 1957 and 1969, with a dynasty led by center Bill Russell and coach/general manager Red Auerbach.", "History of the Boston Celtics __knowledge__ The Celtics won two more titles in the 1970s under coach Tom Heinsohn, and three more in the 1980s under the leadership of forward Larry Bird.", "Center (basketball) __knowledge__ The center (C), also known as the five or the big man, is one of the five positions in a regular basketball game.", "Center (basketball) __knowledge__ The center is normally the tallest player on the team, and often has a great deal of strength and body mass as well.", "Center (basketball) __knowledge__ The center is considered a necessary component for a successful team, especially in professional leagues such as the NBA.", "Center (basketball) __knowledge__ But recently, the NBA has turned into a point guard league and many centers are shooting threes now.", "Center (basketball) __knowledge__ Great centers have been the foundation for most of the dynasties in both the NBA and NCAA.", "Center (basketball) __knowledge__ The 6'10\" (2.08 m) George Mikan pioneered the Center position, shattering the widely held perception that tall players could not develop the agility and coordination to play basketball well, and ushering in the role of the dominant big man.", "Sports in New York City __knowledge__ Sports in New York City have a long and distinguished history.", "Sports in New York City __knowledge__ New York City is home to the headquarters of the National Football League, the National Hockey League, the National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, Minor league baseball, women's national soccer league, and Major League Soccer.", "Sports in New York City __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area is one of only two cities (along with the Los Angeles metropolitan area) in the United States with more than one team in each of the four major professional sports leagues, with nine such franchises.", "Sports in New York City __knowledge__ Counting these along with its two teams in Major League Soccer, New York has a total of eleven sports teams in the five most important professional sports leagues in the United States.", "Scottie Pippen __knowledge__ Scottie Maurice Pippen (born September 25, 1965) is an American former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association.", "Scottie Pippen __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Pip,\" he is most remembered for his time with the Chicago Bulls, the team with which he won six NBA titles.", "Scottie Pippen __knowledge__ Pippen, along with Michael Jordan, played an important role in transforming the Bulls team into a championship team and for popularizing the NBA around the world during the 1990s.", "Scottie Pippen __knowledge__ Considered one of the best small forwards of all time, Pippen was named to the NBA All-Defensive First Team eight consecutive times and the All-NBA First Team three times.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and are known as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their 6 seasons in Vancouver.", "Vancouver Grizzlies __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Grizzlies struggled in their early years.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis was a successful effort by the ownership group of the Vancouver Grizzlies to move the basketball team from the Canadian city of Vancouver, British Columbia, to the United States city of Memphis, Tennessee.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The team began play as the Memphis Grizzlies in the 2001–02 season.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ It was the first of three National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise moves between 2001 and 2008, and the third of four major league teams to relocate from Canada to the United States between 1995 and 2005.", "Vancouver Grizzlies relocation to Memphis __knowledge__ The Grizzlies had been created as an expansion team along with the Toronto Raptors in 1995.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies are an American professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member team of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies play their home games at FedExForum.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team is owned by Robert Pera.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Grizzlies are currently the only team in the major professional North American sports leagues based in the city of Memphis.", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was originally established as the Vancouver Grizzlies, an expansion team that joined the NBA for the .", "Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ After the 2000–01 NBA season concluded, the Grizzlies moved to Memphis.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Memphis Grizzlies are a professional basketball team based in Memphis, Tennessee.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The Vancouver Grizzlies were a Canadian professional basketball team based in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ They were part of the Midwest Division of the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Toronto Raptors, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ Following the 2000–01 season, the team relocated to Memphis, Tennessee, United States, and were renamed as the Memphis Grizzlies.", "History of the Memphis Grizzlies __knowledge__ The team played their home games at General Motors Place for the entirety of their six seasons in Vancouver.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The Expansion of the National Basketball Association has happened several times in the league's history since it began play in 1946.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ Some of the most recent examples of the expansion of the NBA are the Charlotte Hornets in 1988, Miami Heat in 1989, Vancouver Grizzlies in 1995 (who later relocated to Memphis in 2001), and New Orleans Pelicans in 2002.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ The fewest number of teams the NBA has ever had was 8 teams in both 1947–48 and 1955–56.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ There was a lot of expansion and moving of organizations in the early years of the NBA.", "Expansion of the National Basketball Association __knowledge__ During this twenty year time period is when notable franchises entered the NBA like the Syracuse Nationals (now the Philadelphia 76ers), the Philadelphia Warriors (now the Golden State Warriors), Baltimore Bullets (now the Washington Wizards) and Rochester Royals (now the Sacramento Kings)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Raptors struggled in their early years, but after the acquisition of Vince Carter through a draft day trade in 1998, the team set league-attendance records and made the NBA playoffs in 2000, 2001, and 2002.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Carter was instrumental in leading the team to a then-franchise high 47 wins and their first playoff series win in 2001, where they advanced to the Eastern Conference semifinals.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ During the 2002–03 and 2003–04 seasons, they failed to make significant progress, and Carter was traded in 2004 to the New Jersey Nets.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ After Carter left, Chris Bosh emerged as the team leader.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment Ltd. (MLSE) is a professional sports and commercial real estate company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ With assets that include franchises in four of the six major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada, it is the largest sports and entertainment company in Canada, and one of the largest in North America.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ The primary holdings of the company are its major sports franchises, the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League, Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association, Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, and Toronto FC of Major League Soccer, as well as their minor league farm teams, the Toronto Marlies of the American Hockey League (AHL), Raptors 905 of the NBA G League and Toronto FC II of the United Soccer League, respectively.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Vincent Lamar Carter (born January 26, 1977) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ He is tall and plays both shooting guard and small forward.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Carter is one of only seven players ever to play at least 20 seasons in the NBA.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ A high school McDonald's All-American, Carter played three years at the University of North Carolina.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ While there, he twice reached the Final Four of the NCAA Tournament before being selected as the fifth overall pick in the 1998 NBA draft by the Golden State Warriors, who traded him to the Toronto Raptors.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The Miami Heat is an American professional basketball team based in Miami.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The team was launched in 1988 and played in the 1988–89 season of the National Basketball Association.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The next season they moved from the Western Conference to the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ After a mainly mediocre performance in the first few seasons, there were extensive team changes in 1995 and 1996 under head coach Pat Riley, including the recruitment of Isaac Austin and P.J.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ Brown.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They reached the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time in 1996–97.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They did not reach this level again until 2004–05, under new head coach Stan Van Gundy and with Dwyane Wade as a leading team member.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ The City of Toronto has a long history of sport.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ It is home to a number of clubs, including: the Granite Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1836), the Royal Canadian Yacht Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1852), the Toronto Cricket Skating and Curling Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ pre-1827), the Argonaut Rowing Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1872), Toronto Argonauts football club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1873), the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1881), and the Badminton and Racquet Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1924).", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ A number of heritage venues have developed in Toronto such as: Christie Pits (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1899), Ricoh Coliseum (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1921), Varsity Arena (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1926), Maple Leaf Gardens (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1931).", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ Toronto has teams in nearly every major professional sport, including the Toronto Blue Jays (MLB), Toronto Argonauts (CFL), Toronto Raptors (NBA), Toronto Rock (NLL), Toronto FC (MLS), and the Toronto Maple Leafs (NHL).", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ Christopher Wesson Bosh (born March 24, 1984) is an American professional basketball player who is currently a free agent.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ A high school \"Mr. Basketball\" in Texas, Bosh left Georgia Tech after one season to enter the 2003 NBA draft.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ He was selected fourth overall by the Toronto Raptors in a draft class that included multiple future NBA superstars such as LeBron James, Dwyane Wade and Carmelo Anthony.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ While at Toronto, Bosh emerged as one of the young stars in the league; he became a five-time NBA All-Star, was named to the All-NBA Second Team once, appeared for the U.S. national team (with whom he won a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics), and supplanted former fan-favorite Vince Carter as the face and leader of the Raptors franchise.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ Kyle Lowry (born March 25, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ He attended Cardinal Dougherty High School in Philadelphia and declared for the NBA draft after two seasons with Villanova University under coach Jay Wright.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ He was selected by the Memphis Grizzlies with the 24th pick in the 2006 NBA draft.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ Lowry is credited with helping lead the Raptors to the playoffs and win an Atlantic Division title for the first time in seven years, during the 2013–14 season, his second season with the team.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ In 2015–16, he helped lead the Raptors to 56 wins, the highest win total in franchise history, and helped the team reach the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time.", "Orlando Magic __knowledge__ The Orlando Magic are an American professional basketball team based in Orlando, Florida.", "Orlando Magic __knowledge__ The Magic compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Southeast Division.", "Orlando Magic __knowledge__ The franchise was established in 1989 as an expansion franchise, and such notable NBA stars as Shaquille O'Neal, Penny Hardaway, Patrick Ewing, Grant Hill, Tracy McGrady, Steve Francis, Dwight Howard, Vince Carter, Rashard Lewis, and Hedo Türkoğlu have played for the club throughout its young history.", "Orlando Magic __knowledge__ , the franchise has played in the NBA playoffs for exactly half of its existence (14 playoff appearances in 28 years), and twice went to the NBA Finals, in 1995 and 2009.", "History of the Brooklyn Nets __knowledge__ The Brooklyn Nets, a professional basketball team based in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, was founded in 1967 and initially played in Teaneck, New Jersey, as the New Jersey Americans, later the New Jersey Nets.", "History of the Brooklyn Nets __knowledge__ They are a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as well as an original member of the American Basketball Association (ABA).", "History of the Brooklyn Nets __knowledge__ In 2012 they moved to Brooklyn and were renamed the Brooklyn Nets.", "History of the Brooklyn Nets __knowledge__ The franchise was established in 1967 as a founding member of the American Basketball Association (ABA), with trucking magnate Arthur J.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member club of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the American Airlines Center, which it shares with the National Hockey League's Dallas Stars.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ According to a 2016 \"Forbes\" magazine report, they are the ninth most valuable basketball franchise in the NBA, valued at approximately $1.4 billion.", "Dallas Mavericks __knowledge__ As of the 2017 season, the Mavericks have sold out 704 consecutive games since December 15, 2001, the longest currently running sellout streak in North American major league sports.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Western Conference Southwest Division.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the AT&T Center in San Antonio.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs are one of four former American Basketball Association (ABA) teams to remain intact in the NBA after the 1976 ABA–NBA merger and the only former ABA team to have won an NBA championship.", "San Antonio Spurs __knowledge__ The Spurs' five NBA championships are the fourth most in history (tied with the Golden State Warriors) behind only the Boston Celtics (17), Los Angeles Lakers (16), and Chicago Bulls (6).", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The New York Knickerbockers, commonly referred to as the Knicks, are an American professional basketball team based in the New York City borough of Manhattan.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The Knicks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at Madison Square Garden, located in the borough of Manhattan.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ They are one of two NBA teams located in New York City; the other is the Brooklyn Nets.", "New York Knicks __knowledge__ The team, established by Ned Irish in 1946, was one of the founding members of the Basketball Association of America (BAA), which became the NBA after merging with the rival National Basketball League (NBL) in 1949.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Chicago Bulls are an American professional basketball team based in Chicago, Illinois.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Bulls compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the league's Eastern Conference Central Division.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The team was founded on January 16, 1966.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The team plays its home games at the United Center, an arena shared with the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ The Bulls saw their greatest success during the 1990s, when they were responsible for popularizing the NBA worldwide.", "Chicago Bulls __knowledge__ They are known for having one of the NBA's greatest dynasties, winning six NBA championships between 1991 and 1998 with two three-peats." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The Raptors compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as a member club of the league's Eastern Conference Atlantic Division.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ The team was established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ When the Grizzlies relocated to Memphis, Tennessee to become the Memphis Grizzlies in 2001, the Raptors became the only Canadian-based team in the NBA.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ They originally played their home games at SkyDome, before moving eastward along Bremner Boulevard to the Air Canada Centre in 1999.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Like most expansion teams, the Raptors struggled in their early years, but after the acquisition of Vince Carter through a draft day trade in 1998, the team set league-attendance records and made the NBA playoffs in 2000, 2001, and 2002.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ Carter was instrumental in leading the team to a then-franchise high 47 wins and their first playoff series win in 2001, where they advanced to the Eastern Conference semifinals.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ During the 2002–03 and 2003–04 seasons, they failed to make significant progress, and Carter was traded in 2004 to the New Jersey Nets.", "Toronto Raptors __knowledge__ After Carter left, Chris Bosh emerged as the team leader.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Vincent Lamar Carter (born January 26, 1977) is an American professional basketball player for the Sacramento Kings of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ He is tall and plays both shooting guard and small forward.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ Carter is one of only seven players ever to play at least 20 seasons in the NBA.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ A high school McDonald's All-American, Carter played three years at the University of North Carolina.", "Vince Carter __knowledge__ While there, he twice reached the Final Four of the NCAA Tournament before being selected as the fifth overall pick in the 1998 NBA draft by the Golden State Warriors, who traded him to the Toronto Raptors.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ Christopher Wesson Bosh (born March 24, 1984) is an American professional basketball player who is currently a free agent.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ A high school \"Mr. Basketball\" in Texas, Bosh left Georgia Tech after one season to enter the 2003 NBA draft.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ He was selected fourth overall by the Toronto Raptors in a draft class that included multiple future NBA superstars such as LeBron James, Dwyane Wade and Carmelo Anthony.", "Chris Bosh __knowledge__ While at Toronto, Bosh emerged as one of the young stars in the league; he became a five-time NBA All-Star, was named to the All-NBA Second Team once, appeared for the U.S. national team (with whom he won a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics), and supplanted former fan-favorite Vince Carter as the face and leader of the Raptors franchise.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The Miami Heat is an American professional basketball team based in Miami.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The team was launched in 1988 and played in the 1988–89 season of the National Basketball Association.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ The next season they moved from the Western Conference to the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ After a mainly mediocre performance in the first few seasons, there were extensive team changes in 1995 and 1996 under head coach Pat Riley, including the recruitment of Isaac Austin and P.J.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ Brown.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They reached the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time in 1996–97.", "History of the Miami Heat __knowledge__ They did not reach this level again until 2004–05, under new head coach Stan Van Gundy and with Dwyane Wade as a leading team member.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment Ltd. (MLSE) is a professional sports and commercial real estate company based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ With assets that include franchises in four of the six major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada, it is the largest sports and entertainment company in Canada, and one of the largest in North America.", "Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment __knowledge__ The primary holdings of the company are its major sports franchises, the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League, Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association, Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, and Toronto FC of Major League Soccer, as well as their minor league farm teams, the Toronto Marlies of the American Hockey League (AHL), Raptors 905 of the NBA G League and Toronto FC II of the United Soccer League, respectively.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ Kyle Lowry (born March 25, 1986) is an American professional basketball player for the Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association (NBA).", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ He attended Cardinal Dougherty High School in Philadelphia and declared for the NBA draft after two seasons with Villanova University under coach Jay Wright.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ He was selected by the Memphis Grizzlies with the 24th pick in the 2006 NBA draft.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ Lowry is credited with helping lead the Raptors to the playoffs and win an Atlantic Division title for the first time in seven years, during the 2013–14 season, his second season with the team.", "Kyle Lowry __knowledge__ In 2015–16, he helped lead the Raptors to 56 wins, the highest win total in franchise history, and helped the team reach the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time.", "2006–07 Toronto Raptors season __knowledge__ The Toronto Raptors 2006–07 season is the twelfth National Basketball Association (NBA) season for the Toronto Raptors basketball franchise.", "2006–07 Toronto Raptors season __knowledge__ Following a poor 2005–06 season, General Manager Bryan Colangelo greatly revamped the team roster during the pre-season but continued to build the team around All-Star Chris Bosh.", "2006–07 Toronto Raptors season __knowledge__ Despite a sluggish start, the 2006–07 season transformed into a year for Toronto.", "2006–07 Toronto Raptors season __knowledge__ The Raptors captured their first division title, finished third in the Eastern Conference, made the playoffs for the first time in five years, equalled their best ever regular season record, and secured home court advantage for the first time in franchise history.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ The City of Toronto has a long history of sport.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ It is home to a number of clubs, including: the Granite Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1836), the Royal Canadian Yacht Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1852), the Toronto Cricket Skating and Curling Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ pre-1827), the Argonaut Rowing Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1872), Toronto Argonauts football club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1873), the Toronto Lawn Tennis Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1881), and the Badminton and Racquet Club (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1924).", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ A number of heritage venues have developed in Toronto such as: Christie Pits (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1899), Ricoh Coliseum (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1921), Varsity Arena (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1926), Maple Leaf Gardens (est.", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ 1931).", "Sports in Toronto __knowledge__ Toronto has teams in nearly every major professional sport, including the Toronto Blue Jays (MLB), Toronto Argonauts (CFL), Toronto Raptors (NBA), Toronto Rock (NLL), Toronto FC (MLS), and the Toronto Maple Leafs (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada are the highest professional competitions of team sports in those countries.", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The four leagues universally included in the definition are Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), the National Football League (NFL), and the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Other prominent leagues include Major League Soccer (MLS) and the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ The MLB, NBA, NFL and NHL are commonly referred to as the \"Big 4\".", "Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada __knowledge__ Each of these is the wealthiest professional club competition in its sport worldwide, and along with the English Premier League they make up the top five sports leagues by revenue in the world.", "Toronto FC __knowledge__ Toronto Football Club, commonly referred to as Toronto FC, is a Canadian professional soccer club based in Toronto, Ontario.", "Toronto FC __knowledge__ The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Eastern Conference.", "Toronto FC __knowledge__ The club plays its home matches at BMO Field, located at Exhibition Place on Toronto's shoreline.", "Toronto FC __knowledge__ Toronto FC began play in 2007 as an expansion team, and was the first Canadian based franchise in the league.", "Toronto FC __knowledge__ The team is coached by Greg Vanney.", "Toronto FC __knowledge__ The team is operated by Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment, which also operates the United Soccer League's affiliate team Toronto FC II, as well as the Toronto Maple Leafs, the Toronto Raptors, and other teams.", "BMO Field __knowledge__ BMO Field is an outdoor stadium located at Exhibition Place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada which is home to Toronto FC of Major League Soccer, the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, and Toronto FC II of the United Soccer League.", "BMO Field __knowledge__ Constructed on the site of the former Exhibition Stadium and first opened in 2007, it is owned by the City of Toronto, and managed by Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment.", "BMO Field __knowledge__ The stadium's naming rights are held by the Bank of Montreal, which is commonly branded as \"BMO\" ().", "BMO Field __knowledge__ BMO Field was originally constructed as a soccer-specific stadium to serve as the home field of the expansion Toronto FC, and hosted matches during the 2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup and 2014 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.", "Toronto Argonauts __knowledge__ The Toronto Argonauts (officially the Toronto Argonaut Football Club, commonly referred to as the \"Argos\") are a professional Canadian football team competing in the East Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL).", "Toronto Argonauts __knowledge__ Based in Toronto, Ontario, the team was founded in 1873, and is the oldest existing professional sports team in North America still using its original name (on top of this, they are the oldest-surviving team in both the modern-day CFL and East Division).", "Toronto Argonauts __knowledge__ The team's origins date back to a modified version of rugby football that emerged in North America in the latter half of the nineteenth century.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ The Toronto Blue Jays came into existence in 1976, as one of two teams slated to join the American League for the following season (the other being the Seattle Mariners), via the 1977 Major League Baseball expansion.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ Toronto had been mentioned as a potential major league city as early as the 1880s, and had been home to the Toronto Maple Leafs baseball team of the International League, from 1896 to 1967.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ This article covers from the inception of the Toronto Blue Jays to the end of the 2015 season, Alex Anthopoulos' final season as general manager of the Blue Jays.", "History of the Toronto Blue Jays __knowledge__ In January 1976, San Francisco Giants owner Horace Stoneham agreed to sell the team for $13.25 million to a Toronto group which was led by Don McDougall and consisted of Labatt Breweries of Canada, Ltd., Vulcan Assets Ltd. – owned by \"The Globe and Mail\" chairman and president Howard Webster – and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC)." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 6, 39, 0 ]

[ "Toronto Raptors are a Canadian professional basketball team based in Toronto, Ontario", "they were established in 1995, along with the Vancouver Grizzlies, as part of the NBA's expansion into Canada.", "dont know really , but they Raptors struggled in their early years, but after the acquisition of Vince Carter through a draft day trade in 1998, the team set league-attendance records and made the NBA playoffs in 2000, 2001, and 2002.", "no information about that ,oronto has teams in nearly every major professional sport, including the Toronto Blue Jays (MLB), Toronto Argonauts (CFL), Toronto Raptors (NBA), Toronto Rock (NLL), Toronto FC (MLS)", "you are welcome!" ]

[ "Toronto Raptors", "Toronto Raptors", "Toronto Raptors", "Toronto Raptors", "Toronto Raptors" ]

[ "Game show", "No what type of game are you referring?", "Who is the anchor of the programme?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game show __knowledge__ A game show is a type of radio, television, or stage show in which contestants, individually or as teams, play a game which involves answering questions or solving puzzles, usually for money or prizes.", "Game show __knowledge__ Alternatively, a \"gameshow\" can be a demonstrative program about a game (while usually retaining the spirit of an awards ceremony).", "Game show __knowledge__ In the former, contestants may be invited from a pool of public applicants.", "Game show __knowledge__ Game shows often reward players with prizes such as cash, trips and goods and services provided by the show's sponsor prize suppliers.", "Game show __knowledge__ Television game shows descended from similar programs on radio.", "Game show __knowledge__ The very first television game show, \"Spelling Bee\", was broadcast in 1938.", "Game show __knowledge__ \"Truth or Consequences\" was the first game show to air on commercially licensed television.", "Game show __knowledge__ Its first episode aired in 1941 as an experimental broadcast.", "Game show __knowledge__ Over the course of the 1950s, as television began to pervade the popular culture, game shows quickly became a fixture.", "Game show __knowledge__ Daytime game shows would be played for lower stakes to target stay-at-home housewives.", "Game show __knowledge__ Higher-stakes programs would air in primetime.", "Game show __knowledge__ During the late 1950s, high-stakes games such as \"Twenty One\" and \"The $64,000 Question\" began a rapid rise in popularity." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game show __knowledge__ A game show is a type of radio, television, or stage show in which contestants, individually or as teams, play a game which involves answering questions or solving puzzles, usually for money or prizes.", "Game show __knowledge__ Alternatively, a \"gameshow\" can be a demonstrative program about a game (while usually retaining the spirit of an awards ceremony).", "Game show __knowledge__ In the former, contestants may be invited from a pool of public applicants.", "Game show __knowledge__ Game shows often reward players with prizes such as cash, trips and goods and services provided by the show's sponsor prize suppliers.", "Game show __knowledge__ Television game shows descended from similar programs on radio.", "Game show __knowledge__ The very first television game show, \"Spelling Bee\", was broadcast in 1938.", "Game show __knowledge__ \"Truth or Consequences\" was the first game show to air on commercially licensed television.", "Game show __knowledge__ Its first episode aired in 1941 as an experimental broadcast.", "Game show __knowledge__ Over the course of the 1950s, as television began to pervade the popular culture, game shows quickly became a fixture.", "Game show __knowledge__ Daytime game shows would be played for lower stakes to target stay-at-home housewives.", "Game show __knowledge__ Higher-stakes programs would air in primetime.", "Game show __knowledge__ During the late 1950s, high-stakes games such as \"Twenty One\" and \"The $64,000 Question\" began a rapid rise in popularity.", "Gameplay of Pokémon __knowledge__ The gameplay of the \"Pokémon\" video game series involves the capturing and training of a variety of fictional creatures called \"Pokémon\" and using them to battle other trainers.", "Gameplay of Pokémon __knowledge__ Each successive generation of games builds upon this concept by introducing new Pokémon, items, and gameplay concepts.", "Gameplay of Pokémon __knowledge__ Some of the general concepts were featured elsewhere before being introduced in the games; double battles appeared in the anime long before appearing in the games, and Pokémon abilities are similar to the Pokémon Powers introduced in the \"Pokémon Trading Card Game\", which also introduced Shiny Pokémon, different colors of that type of the original Pokémon.", "Final Fantasy Type-0 __knowledge__ The story focuses on Class Zero, a group of fourteen students from the Vermillion Peristylium, a magical academy in the Dominion of Rubrum.", "Final Fantasy Type-0 __knowledge__ When the Militesi Empire launches an assault on the other Crystal States of Orience, seeking to control their respective crystals, Class Zero is mobilized for the defense of Rubrum.", "Final Fantasy Type-0 __knowledge__ Eventually, the group becomes entangled in the secrets behind both the war and the reason for their existence.", "Final Fantasy Type-0 __knowledge__ The setting and presentation were inspired by historical documentaries, and the story itself was written to be darker than other \"Final Fantasy\" titles.", "Final Fantasy Type-0 __knowledge__ The game was originally announced as a title for mobile phones and the PSP called It was directed by Hajime Tabata, who took up the project after completing \"\".", "Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy __knowledge__ Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy is a series of games within the \"Final Fantasy\" video game franchise.", "Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy __knowledge__ It was primarily developed by series creator and developer Square Enix, which also acted as publisher for all titles.", "Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy __knowledge__ While featuring various worlds and different characters, each \"Fabula Nova Crystallis\" game is ultimately based on and expands upon a common mythos focusing on important crystals tied to deities.", "Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy __knowledge__ The level of connection to the mythos varies between each title.", "Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy __knowledge__ The series title translates from Latin as 'The New Tale of the Crystal'.", "Fabula Nova Crystallis Final Fantasy __knowledge__ Each development team was given the freedom to adapt the mythos to fit the context of a game's story.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ The franchise began as a pair of video games for the original Game Boy that were developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ It now spans video games, trading card games, animated television shows and movies, comic books, and toys.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ Pokémon is the second best-selling video game franchise, behind only Nintendo's \"Mario\" franchise, and the highest-grossing media franchise of all time.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ The franchise is also represented in other Nintendo media, such as the \"Super Smash Bros.\" series.", "Pokémon __knowledge__ Cumulative sales of the video games (including home console games, such as \"Hey You, Pikachu!\"", "Pokémon __knowledge__ for the Nintendo 64) have reached more than 300 million copies.", "Referring expression generation __knowledge__ Referring expression generation(REG) is the subtask of Natural language generation (NLG) that received most scholarly attention.", "Referring expression generation __knowledge__ While NLG is concerned with the conversion of non-linguistic information into natural language, REG focuses only on the creation of referring expressions (noun phrases) that identify specific entities called \"targets\".", "Referring expression generation __knowledge__ This task can be split into two sections.", "Referring expression generation __knowledge__ The \"content selection\" part determines which set of properties distinguish the intended target and the \"linguistic realization\" part defines how these properties are translated into natural language.", "Referring expression generation __knowledge__ A variety of algorithms have been developed in the NLG community to generate different types of referring expressions.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ \"This page transcribes Russian (written in Cyrillic script) using the IPA.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ For a quick overview of Russian pronunciation, see \".", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Many languages, including English, contain words (Russianisms) most likely borrowed from the Russian language.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Not all of the words are truly fluent Russian or Slavic origin.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Some of them co-exist in other Slavic languages and it is difficult to decide whether they made English from Russian or, say, from Bulgarian.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Some other words are borrowed or constructed from the classical ancient languages, such as Latin or Greek.", "List of English words of Russian origin __knowledge__ Still others are themselves borrowed from indigenous peoples that Russians have come into contact with in Russian or Soviet territory.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ This is a list of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets which is a collectible card game first released in Japan in 1996.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ As of September 2017, there are 74 card sets released in America and 68 in Japan.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ The sets are generally broken into two lists; One for the first line of Wizards of the Coast cards, and the second after Nintendo's acquisition of the card game after Wizards.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ When the series first launched in English in late 1998, Wizards of the Coast handled publishing.", "List of Pokémon Trading Card Game sets __knowledge__ The 1998 Pokémon Demo Game Pack was the earliest Pokémon card pack to be produced and released in the English Pokémon TCG and served as the first introduction to Pokemon cards in the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ Television is one of the major mass media of the United States.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ , household ownership of television sets in the country is 96.7%, with approximately 114,200,000 American households owning at least one television set as of August 2013.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The majority of households have more than one set.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ The peak ownership percentage of households with at least one television set occurred during the 1996–97 season, with 98.4% ownership.", "Television in the United States __knowledge__ As a whole, the television networks that broadcast in the United States are the largest and most distributed in the world, and programs produced specifically for U.S.-based networks are the most widely syndicated internationally.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Game Show Network __knowledge__ Game Show Network (GSN) is an American digital cable and satellite television channel that is owned as a joint venture between Sony Pictures Television (owning a controlling 58% interest) and AT&T (holding a 42% ownership stake).", "Game Show Network __knowledge__ The channel's programming is primarily dedicated to game shows, including reruns of classic game shows, along with new, first-run original and revived game shows.", "Game Show Network __knowledge__ For a period in the mid-2000s, Game Show Network began branching out into \"games\" in general, including reality competition series and televised poker shows.", "Game Show Network __knowledge__ GSN is available to 79.0 million households in America as of January 2016.", "Reality television __knowledge__ Reality television is a genre of television programming that documents supposedly unscripted real-life situations, and often features an otherwise unknown cast of individuals who are typically not professional actors, although in some shows celebrities may participate.", "Reality television __knowledge__ It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers.", "Reality television __knowledge__ An early term for the format was \"docu-soap\".", "Reality television __knowledge__ The genre has various standard tropes, including \"confessionals\" (also called \"talking heads\" or \"interview segments\") used by cast members to express their thoughts, which often double as the shows' narration.", "Broadcast syndication __knowledge__ Broadcasting syndication is the license to broadcast television programs and radio programs by multiple television stations and radio stations, without going through a broadcast network.", "Broadcast syndication __knowledge__ It is common in the United States where broadcast programming is scheduled by television networks with local independent affiliates.", "Broadcast syndication __knowledge__ Syndication is less of a practice in the rest of the world, as most countries have centralized networks or television stations without local affiliates; although less common, shows can be syndicated internationally.", "Broadcast syndication __knowledge__ The three main types of syndication are \"first-run syndication\", which is programming that is broadcast for the first time as a syndicated show and is made specifically to sell directly into syndication; \"off-network syndication\", which is the licensing of a program that was originally run on network TV or, in some cases, first-run syndication (colloquially called a \"rerun\"); and \"public broadcasting syndication\".", "Match Game __knowledge__ Match Game is an American television panel game show that premiered on NBC in 1962 and was revived several times over the course of the next few decades.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The game featured contestants trying to come up with answers to fill-in-the-blank questions, with the object being to match answers given by celebrity panelists.", "Match Game __knowledge__ \"The Match Game\" in its original version ran on NBC's daytime lineup from 1962 until 1969.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The show returned with a significantly changed format in 1973 on CBS (also in daytime) and became a major success, with an expanded panel, larger cash payouts, and emphasis on humor.", "Match Game __knowledge__ The CBS series, referred to on air as \"Match Game 73\" to start and updated every new year, ran until 1979 on CBS, at which point it moved to first-run syndication (without the year attached to the title, as \"Match Game\") and ran for three more seasons, ending in 1982." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game show __knowledge__ A game show is a type of radio, television, or stage show in which contestants, individually or as teams, play a game which involves answering questions or solving puzzles, usually for money or prizes.", "Game show __knowledge__ Alternatively, a \"gameshow\" can be a demonstrative program about a game (while usually retaining the spirit of an awards ceremony).", "Game show __knowledge__ In the former, contestants may be invited from a pool of public applicants.", "Game show __knowledge__ Game shows often reward players with prizes such as cash, trips and goods and services provided by the show's sponsor prize suppliers.", "Game show __knowledge__ Television game shows descended from similar programs on radio.", "Game show __knowledge__ The very first television game show, \"Spelling Bee\", was broadcast in 1938.", "Game show __knowledge__ \"Truth or Consequences\" was the first game show to air on commercially licensed television.", "Game show __knowledge__ Its first episode aired in 1941 as an experimental broadcast.", "Game show __knowledge__ Over the course of the 1950s, as television began to pervade the popular culture, game shows quickly became a fixture.", "Game show __knowledge__ Daytime game shows would be played for lower stakes to target stay-at-home housewives.", "Game show __knowledge__ Higher-stakes programs would air in primetime.", "Game show __knowledge__ During the late 1950s, high-stakes games such as \"Twenty One\" and \"The $64,000 Question\" began a rapid rise in popularity.", "Anchor __knowledge__ An anchor is a device, normally made of metal, used to connect a vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the craft from drifting due to wind or current.", "Anchor __knowledge__ The word derives from Latin \"ancora\", which itself comes from the Greek ἄγκυρα (\"ankura\").", "Anchor __knowledge__ Anchors can either be temporary or permanent.", "Anchor __knowledge__ Permanent anchors are used in the creation of a mooring, and are rarely moved; a specialist service is normally needed to move or maintain them.", "Anchor __knowledge__ Vessels carry one or more temporary anchors, which may be of different designs and weights.", "Anchor __knowledge__ A sea anchor is a drogue, not in contact with the seabed, used to control a drifting vessel.", "Capital Connection (TV series) __knowledge__ Capital Connection is a television business news programme aired every weekday on various CNBC channels around the world.", "Capital Connection (TV series) __knowledge__ It is broadcast live from CNBC Asia's Singapore studios and is presented by Nancy Hungerford.", "Capital Connection (TV series) __knowledge__ From 2007-2015, the show had a second anchor in London.", "Capital Connection (TV series) __knowledge__ In 2010 and 2011, the show had a third anchor.", "Capital Connection (TV series) __knowledge__ On 14 June 2010 Yousef Gamal El-Din, joined the show from the network's newly opened Bahrain studio.", "Capital Connection (TV series) __knowledge__ Originally, this leg of the show was only featured from Monday to Thursday, but was later featured every weekday from February 2011 to November 2011, when the Bahrain leg was discontinued altogether.", "Newshub __knowledge__ Newshub (stylized as Newshub.)", "Newshub __knowledge__ is a New Zealand news service that airs on Three and radio stations run by MediaWorks.", "Newshub __knowledge__ The Newshub brand replaced 3 News on the TV3 network and the Radio Live news service heard on MediaWorks Radio stations on 1 February 2016.", "Newshub __knowledge__ The first \"Newshub\" bulletin to air was at midnight on 1 February 2016 on Radio Live and was presented by Leanne Malcolm; the first \"Newshub\" TV bulletin to air was \"Newshub Midday\" that day, presented by Jeff McTainsh.", "Newshub __knowledge__ The flagship 6:00pm bulletin of \"Newshub\" is currently presented by Mike McRoberts and Samantha Hayes.", "Newshub __knowledge__ \"Newshub Live at 6pm\" replaced the TV3 6pm news bulletin previously known as \"3 News at 6pm\".", "Anchor (climbing) __knowledge__ In rock climbing, an anchor can be any device or method for attaching a climber, a rope, or a load to the climbing surface - typically rock, ice, steep dirt, or a building - either permanently or temporarily.", "Anchor (climbing) __knowledge__ The intention of an anchor is case-specific but is usually for fall protection, primarily fall arrest and fall restraint.", "Anchor (climbing) __knowledge__ Climbing anchors are also used for hoisting, holding static loads, or redirecting (sometimes called deviating) a rope.", "Anchor (climbing) __knowledge__ Depending on the surface being climbed, there are many types of protection that can be used to construct an anchor, including natural protection such as boulders and trees, or artificial protection such as cams, nuts, bolts or pitons.", "Mode series __knowledge__ The Mode series is a quartet of novels by Piers Anthony.", "Mode series __knowledge__ Like many of Anthony's other fictional works, it explores themes of violence, the abuse of power, sexism and male dominance, gender roles, the environment, integrity and personal honor, sapient animal life, parallel and alternative evolution, space travel, alternate dimensions, paradox, obscure concepts in physics and mathematics, sexual assault and abuse, child and adolescent sexuality, and suicide.", "Mode series __knowledge__ Though initially marketed as fantasy, the \"Mode\" series is similar to the \"Incarnations of Immortality\" and the \"Apprentice Adept\" series, blending fantasy and science fiction.", "Jacqueline Pang __knowledge__ Jacqueline Pang (Traditional Chinese 彭家敏) (well known as Pang Ching; Traditional Chinese 彭晴) (born 27 August 1974) is a Hong Kong live television compère/host, interviewer, author, and has been a radio announcer and DJ on RTHK (Radio Television Hong Kong) since 1998.", "Jacqueline Pang __knowledge__ Pang is fluent in English and Putonghua, in addition to her native Cantonese.", "Jacqueline Pang __knowledge__ Born on 27 August 1974 in Hong Kong to Fujian-ese parents of Vietnamese origin, Pang was educated in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where her parents now reside.", "Jacqueline Pang __knowledge__ She has one younger sister who participated in the Miss Hong Kong Pageant of 1997.", "Jacqueline Pang __knowledge__ Pang also worked briefly as an airline hostess at Virgin Airways before embarking on her career in Hong Kong broadcasting.", "Television news in the United States __knowledge__ Television news in the United States has evolved over many years.", "Television news in the United States __knowledge__ It has gone from a simple 10- to 15-minute format in the evenings, to a variety of programs and channels.", "Television news in the United States __knowledge__ Today, viewers can watch local, regional and national news programming, in many different ways, any time of the day.", "Television news in the United States __knowledge__ Lowell Thomas hosted the first-ever, regularly scheduled news broadcast on television in 1940 which was simply a simulcast of his nightly NBC network radio newscast, with the television broadcast seen only in New York City over pioneer NBC television station WNBT (now WNBC).", "Television news in the United States __knowledge__ The television simulcast lasted for only a few months.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The Price Is Right is an American television game show created by Bob Stewart, Mark Goodson and Bill Todman.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show revolves around contestants competing to identify accurate pricing of merchandise to win cash and prizes.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Contestants are selected from the studio audience when the announcer proclaims the show's famous catchphrase, \"Come on down!\"", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The program premiered on September 4, 1972 on CBS.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Bob Barker was the series' longest-running host from its 1972 debut until his retirement in June 2007, when Drew Carey took over.", "The Price Is Right (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Barker was accompanied by a series of announcers, beginning with Johnny Olson, followed by Rod Roddy and then Rich Fields.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The show features a quiz competition in which contestants are presented with general knowledge clues in the form of answers, and must phrase their responses in the form of questions.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The original daytime version debuted on NBC on March 30, 1964, and aired until January 3, 1975.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ A weekly nighttime syndicated edition aired from September 1974 to September 1975, and a revival, \"The All-New Jeopardy!", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ \", ran on NBC from October 1978 to March 1979.", "Jeopardy! __knowledge__ The current version, a daily syndicated show produced by Sony Pictures Television, premiered on September 10, 1984.", "The Hollywood Squares __knowledge__ The Hollywood Squares is an American panel game show in which two contestants play tic-tac-toe to win cash and prizes.", "The Hollywood Squares __knowledge__ The show piloted on NBC in 1965, and the regular series debuted in 1966 on the same network.", "The Hollywood Squares __knowledge__ The board for the game is a 3 × 3 vertical stack of open-faced cubes, each occupied by a celebrity seated at a desk and facing the contestants.", "The Hollywood Squares __knowledge__ The stars are asked questions by the host, and the contestants judge the truth of their answers to gain squares in the right pattern to win the game.", "The Hollywood Squares __knowledge__ Although \"The Hollywood Squares\" was a legitimate game show, the game largely acted as the background for the show's comedy in the form of joke answers (called \"zingers\"), often given by the stars prior to their real answer.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ Wheel of Fortune (often known simply as Wheel) is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ The show features a competition in which contestants solve word puzzles, similar to those used in Hangman, to win cash and prizes determined by spinning a giant carnival wheel.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ \"Wheel\" premiered as a daytime series on NBC on January 6, 1975, and continued to air on the network until June 30, 1989.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ After some changes were made to its format, the daytime series returned on July 17, 1989 as part of CBS's daytime lineup.", "Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show) __knowledge__ On January 14, 1991, \"Wheel\" moved back to NBC and aired on that network until it was cancelled on September 20, 1991.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Pricing games are featured on the current version of the American game show The Price Is Right.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ The contestant from Contestants' Row who bids closest to the price of a prize without going over wins the prize and has the chance to win additional prizes or cash in an onstage game.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ After the pricing game ends, a new contestant is selected for Contestants' Row and the process is repeated.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Six pricing games are played on each hour-long episode.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ Prior to expanding to one hour in length, three games per episode were played during the half-hour format.", "List of The Price Is Right pricing games __knowledge__ With the exception of a single game from early in the show's history, only one contestant at a time is involved in a pricing game.", "Winning Streak __knowledge__ Winning Streak is an Irish television game show, Europe's second longest-running after the UK's Countdown.", "Winning Streak __knowledge__ Aired weekly in Ireland, five contestants play a number of games to win cars, holidays, and cash prizes up to €1,000,000.", "Winning Streak __knowledge__ Broadcast on Saturday nights between September and June on RTÉ One, the game show is among the channel's most popular programmes, often ranking among the top five in the ratings.", "Winning Streak __knowledge__ However, there was a significant drop in viewership in the 2008/2009 series.", "Winning Streak __knowledge__ The game show began on 21 September 1990, and has been hosted by popular television personalities Mike Murphy (1990–2001) and Derek Mooney (2001–2008)." ] ]

[ 2, 4, 63 ]

[ "I love to watch game shows! Have your ever seen any?", "It is a television game show, where contestants compete. They are typically rewarded with cash prizes, trips, or high value items from sponsors.", "Bob Barker was the longest running host for The Price is Right for example, they debut in 1972 and he hosted until June 2007. Drew Carey is the new host." ]

[ "Game show", "Game show", "Game show" ]

[ "Austin, Texas\nHi how are you?", "recently I went to Austin", "Yeah I feel the same.", "Yeah I know that...", "ok" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ The 2009–10 season is Sunderland's third consecutive season in the top division of English football, the Premier League.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Ricky Sbragia was replaced by Steve Bruce in the close season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ His aim is to improve on the club's 16th position the previous season.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in the Premier League with 24 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Andy Reid was the top scorer in the League Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Fraizer Campbell was the top scorer in the FA Cup with two goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ Darren Bent was the top scorer in all competitions with 25 goals.", "2009–10 Sunderland A.F.C. season __knowledge__ At the end of the season, Darren Bent won both the club's official Player of the Season and the SAFC Supporters' Association awards.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ In January 2004, Sony announced the Hi-MD media storage format as a further development of the MiniDisc format.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ With its release in later 2004, came the ability to use newly developed, high-capacity 1 gigabyte Hi-MD discs, sporting the same dimensions as regular MiniDiscs.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The Hi-MD format can be considered obsolete as the last recorder/player was discontinued in 2011.", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ The discs themselves were withdrawn from sale in September 2012, though regular MiniDiscs are still available ().", "Hi-MD __knowledge__ Hi-MD offers the choice of several codecs for audio recording: PCM, Hi-SP and Hi-LP, each selectable on the Hi-MD Walkman itself.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ Hi-5 is an Australian children's television series, originally produced by Kids Like Us and later Southern Star for the Nine Network and created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The program is known for its educational content, and for the cast of the program, who became a recognised musical group for children outside of the series, known collectively as Hi-5.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ It has generated discussion about what is considered appropriate television for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series premiered in April 1999 on the Nine Network.", "Hi-5 (Australian TV series) __knowledge__ The series is designed for a pre-school audience, featuring five performers who educate and entertain through music, movement and play.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ A hi-hat, also spelled hihat or high-hat, is a combination of two cymbals, a foot-operated pedal which moves a rod which in turn moves one of the cymbals, all mounted on a metal stand.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ Hihats are an essential part of the standard drum kit used by drummers in many popular music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ every genre of rock music) and traditional music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ blues) styles.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ It consists of a mating pair of small to medium-sized cymbals mounted on a stand, with the two cymbals facing each other.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ The bottom cymbal is fixed and the top is mounted on a rod which moves the top cymbal towards the bottom one when a foot pedal is depressed (a hihat that is in this position is said to be \"closed\" or \"closed hihats\").", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ Delco Hi-Q, formerly Kimberly-Clark Hi-Q, or just Hi-Q is an academic quiz competition in Delaware County, Pennsylvania.", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ It was founded in 1948, and is now an intracounty competition of high school students in six different states: Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Washington, Ohio, Florida, and Alabama.", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ Delco Hi-Q is the oldest continuous academic quiz competition in the United States.", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ It was started as radio quiz program for high school students in Delaware County, Pennsylvania by the Scott Paper Company, which ran it as a community relations program.", "Delco Hi-Q __knowledge__ \"Hi\" represented \"High School\" and \"Q\" represented \"I.Q.\"", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The Fugitive: Plan B () is a 2010 South Korean action television series, starring Rain and Lee Na-young.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ It aired on KBS2 from September 29 to December 8, 2010 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The series was directed by Kwak Jung-hwan and written by Cheon Sung-il, the same team behind \"The Slave Hunters\".", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ The rights to the series were sold to seven countries in Asia including Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, Thailand, Hong Kong, China, Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia.", "The Fugitive: Plan B __knowledge__ Prior to the series' timeline, Ji-woo (Rain), a young, rich and cunning Korean private investigator handled the case of an Asian couple who died at a casino in Las Vegas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "Stone Cold Steve Austin __knowledge__ Steve Austin (born Steven James Anderson on December 18, 1964, later Steven James Williams), better known by the ring name \"Stone Cold\" Steve Austin, or just Stone Cold is an American retired professional wrestler, actor, host and media personality.", "Stone Cold Steve Austin __knowledge__ Veteran professional wrestling journalist Wade Keller remarked that Austin is \"in every conversation for the greatest wrestling act of all time\", as well as for \"the most profitable and the most influential\".", "Stone Cold Steve Austin __knowledge__ Austin is currently signed under a Legends contract in the WWE.", "Stone Cold Steve Austin __knowledge__ Austin enjoyed a successful mid-card career as \"Stunning\" Steve Austin in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) from 1991 to 1994.", "Austin, Minnesota __knowledge__ Austin is a city in Mower County, Minnesota, United States.", "Austin, Minnesota __knowledge__ The population was 24,718 at the 2010 census.", "Austin, Minnesota __knowledge__ It is the county seat of Mower County.", "Austin, Minnesota __knowledge__ The town was originally settled along the Cedar River and it has two artificial lakes called East Side Lake and Mill Pond.", "Austin, Minnesota __knowledge__ The town was named for Austin R. Nichols, the first settler in the area.", "Austin, Minnesota __knowledge__ Hormel Foods Corporation is the largest employer in Austin, and the town is sometimes called \"SPAM Town USA\".", "Austin, Minnesota __knowledge__ Austin is home to Hormel's corporate headquarters, a factory that makes most of North America's SPAM tinned meat, and the Spam Museum.", "Austin, Minnesota __knowledge__ Austin is also home to the Hormel Institute, a leading cancer research institution operated by the University of Minnesota with significant support from the Mayo Clinic.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ The recorded history of Austin, Texas, began in the 1830s when Anglo-American settlers arrived in Central Texas.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1837 settlers founded the village of Waterloo on the banks of the Colorado River, the first permanent settlement in the area.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ By 1839, Waterloo would adopt the name Austin and become the capital of the Republic of Texas.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin's history has also been largely tied to state politics and in the late 19th century, the establishment of the University of Texas made Austin a regional center for higher education, as well as a hub for state government.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 20th century, Austin's music scene had earned the city the nickname \"Live Music Capital of the World.\"", "Austin Motor Company __knowledge__ The Austin Motor Company Limited was a British manufacturer of motor vehicles, founded in 1905 by Herbert Austin.", "Austin Motor Company __knowledge__ In 1952 it was merged with Morris Motors Limited in the new holding company British Motor Corporation (BMC) Limited, keeping its separate identity.", "Austin Motor Company __knowledge__ The marque Austin was used until 1987.", "Austin Motor Company __knowledge__ The trademark is currently owned by SAIC after being transferred from bankrupt subsidiary Nanjing Automotive which had acquired it with MG Rover Group in July 2005.", "Austin Motor Company __knowledge__ While running the original Wolseley business, which had a highly cyclical sales pattern, Herbert Austin searched for products with a steady demand.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ Stephen Fuller Austin (November 3, 1793 – December 27, 1836) was an American empresario.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ Known as the \"Father of Texas\", and the founder of Texas, he led the second, and ultimately, the successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States to the region in 1825.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ Born in Virginia and raised in southeastern Missouri, Austin served in the Missouri territorial legislature before moving to Arkansas Territory and later Louisiana.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ His father, Moses Austin, received an empresario grant from Spain to settle Texas.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ After Moses Austin's death in 1821, Stephen Austin won recognition of the empresario grant from the newly-independent state of Mexico.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ The Austin Area School District is a rural, public school district.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ It serves the Austin Boro as well as Keating, Portage, Sylvania and Wharton townships in Potter County, Pennsylvania.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ Austin Area School District encompasses approximately .", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ According to 2000 federal census data, it served a resident population of 1,214 people.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ By 2010, the District served a resident population of 1,279 people.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ The educational attainment levels for the Austin Area School District population (25 years old and over) were 92% high school graduates and 7.5% college graduates.", "Austin Area School District __knowledge__ The District is one of the 500 public school districts of Pennsylvania.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns men's basketball team represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men's basketball competition.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in 1906.", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I, with an all-time win-loss record of 1759–1057 ().", "Texas Longhorns men's basketball __knowledge__ Among Big 12 Conference men's basketball programs, Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ The 2006 Texas Longhorn football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2006 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ The team's head football coach was Mack Brown.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ The Longhorns (also known as Texas or UT or the Horns) played their home games in Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium (DKR), which during 2006 was undergoing some renovations to improve older sections as well as to add extra seating capacity.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ The 2006 team was the defending national champions since the previous year's team won both the Big 12 Conference championship and the National Championship.", "2006 Texas Longhorns football team __knowledge__ That was the program's second Big 12 Championship (27 conference championships total, including 25 in the Southwest Conference), and fourth consensus national championship in football.", "History of Texas Longhorns football __knowledge__ The Texas Longhorns football team represents the University of Texas at Austin in college football.", "History of Texas Longhorns football __knowledge__ The University of Texas fielded its first permanent football team in 1893, managed by Albert Lefevra, the secretary-treasurer of the UT Athletic Association.", "History of Texas Longhorns football __knowledge__ The team played four games, a pair in the fall and two more in the spring, winning all four games while shutting out all four opponents.", "History of Texas Longhorns football __knowledge__ The first was against the Dallas Foot Ball Club that claimed to be the best in the state.", "History of Texas Longhorns football __knowledge__ Held at the Dallas Fair Grounds, the game attracted a then-record 1,200 onlookers.", "History of Texas Longhorns football __knowledge__ It was a tough and spirited match, but when the dust had settled, the \"University Eleven\" had pulled off an 18–16 upset." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Denard Robinson __knowledge__ Denard Xavier Robinson (born September 22, 1990), is an American football running back who is currently a free agent.", "Denard Robinson __knowledge__ He was drafted by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the fifth round of the 2013 NFL Draft.", "Denard Robinson __knowledge__ Robinson was the starting quarterback in all 26 games for the 2010 and 2011 Michigan Wolverines football teams and played at the same position as a senior for the 2012 team as well as running back and receiver in the second half of the season.", "Denard Robinson __knowledge__ As a sophomore in 2010, Robinson set the single-season Division I FBS record for rushing yards by a quarterback and became the only player in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) history to both pass and rush for 1,500 yards.", "Sacramento, California __knowledge__ Sacramento (; ) is the capital city of the U.S. state of California and the seat of Sacramento County.", "Sacramento, California __knowledge__ It is at the confluence of the Sacramento River and the American River in the northern portion of California's expansive Central Valley, known as the Sacramento Valley.", "Sacramento, California __knowledge__ Its estimated 2016 population of 493,025 makes it the sixth-largest city in California, the fastest-growing big city in the state, and the 35th largest city in the United States.", "Sacramento, California __knowledge__ Sacramento is the cultural and economic core of the Sacramento metropolitan area, which includes seven counties with a 2010 population of 2,414,783.", "Sacramento, California __knowledge__ Its metropolitan area is the fourth largest in California after the Greater Los Angeles area, the San Francisco Bay Area, and the San Diego metropolitan area, and is the 27th largest in the United States.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ Davinci Virtual, LLC is a multinational corporation that provides virtual call communication services, meeting rooms, and virtual office to businesses and independent entrepreneurs.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ Founded in 2006, Davinci Virtual has provided outsourced workplace strategy solutions to over 45,000 companies and entrepreneurs throughout the U.S., Canada, Europe, Central America, Asia and Australia.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ In June 2006, the company announced the launch of its Virtual Communications and Davinci Virtual Office Solutions.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ In December 2006, the company ran as Davinci International Inc.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ The company didn't release financial data this year but the founder put current customers at more than 200 in Utah, and well more than 1,000 nationally.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Growth of religion is the spread of religions and the increase of religious adherents around the world.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ The statistics are commonly measured by the absolute number of adherents, the percentage of the absolute growth per year, and the growth of the number of converts in the world.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Projections of future religious adherence are based on assumptions that trends, total fertility rates, life expectancy, political climate, conversion rates, secularization, etc will continue.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Such forecasts cannot be validated empirically and are contentious, but are useful for comparison.", "Growth of religion __knowledge__ Studies in the 21st century show that, in terms of percentage and worldwide spread, Islam is the fastest-growing religion in the world.", "Lehigh Valley __knowledge__ The Lehigh Valley (), known officially by the United States Census Bureau and the United States Office of Management and Budget as the Allentown–Bethlehem–Easton, PA–NJ Metropolitan Statistical Area and referred to colloquially as The Valley, is a metropolitan region officially consisting of Carbon, Lehigh and Northampton counties in eastern Pennsylvania and Warren county on the western edge of New Jersey, in the Eastern United States.", "Lehigh Valley __knowledge__ The Lehigh Valley's largest city, with a population of 120,443, is Allentown.", "Lehigh Valley __knowledge__ The Lehigh Valley is the fastest growing and third most populous region in the state of Pennsylvania with a population of 821,623 residents as of the 2010 U.S. Census.", "Palmdale, California __knowledge__ Palmdale is a city in the center of northern Los Angeles County in the U.S. state of California.", "Palmdale, California __knowledge__ The San Gabriel Mountains separate Palmdale from the City of Los Angeles.", "Palmdale, California __knowledge__ On August 24, 1962, Palmdale became the first community in the Antelope Valley to incorporate.", "Palmdale, California __knowledge__ 47 years later, in November 2009, voters approved making it a charter city.", "Palmdale, California __knowledge__ Its population was 152,750 at the 2010 census, up from 116,670 at the 2000 census.", "Palmdale, California __knowledge__ Palmdale is the 33rd most populous city in California.", "Palmdale, California __knowledge__ In 2013, the \"Palmdale / Lancaster\" urban area had an estimated population of 513,547.", "Palmdale, California __knowledge__ \"Palmenthal\", the first European settlement within the limits of Palmdale, was established as a village on April 20, 1886, by westward Lutheran travelers from the American Midwest, mostly of German and Swiss descent.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris Bueller's Day Off is a 1986 American teen comedy film written, co-produced, and directed by John Hughes, and co-produced by Tom Jacobson.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ The film stars Matthew Broderick as Ferris Bueller, a high-school slacker who spends a day off from school, with Mia Sara and Alan Ruck.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Ferris regularly \"breaks the fourth wall\" to explain techniques and inner thoughts.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Hughes wrote the screenplay in less than a week.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Filming began in September 1985 and finished in November 1985.", "Ferris Bueller's Day Off __knowledge__ Featuring many landmarks, including the Sears Tower and the Art Institute of Chicago, the film was Hughes' love letter to Chicago: \"I really wanted to capture as much of Chicago as I could." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ The recorded history of Austin, Texas, began in the 1830s when Anglo-American settlers arrived in Central Texas.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1837 settlers founded the village of Waterloo on the banks of the Colorado River, the first permanent settlement in the area.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ By 1839, Waterloo would adopt the name Austin and become the capital of the Republic of Texas.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin's history has also been largely tied to state politics and in the late 19th century, the establishment of the University of Texas made Austin a regional center for higher education, as well as a hub for state government.", "History of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 20th century, Austin's music scene had earned the city the nickname \"Live Music Capital of the World.\"", "Waterloo, Ontario __knowledge__ Waterloo is a city in Southern Ontario, Canada.", "Waterloo, Ontario __knowledge__ It is the smallest of the three municipalities in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo (and previously in Waterloo County, Ontario), and is adjacent to the city of Kitchener.", "Waterloo, Ontario __knowledge__ Kitchener and Waterloo are often jointly referred to as \"Kitchener-Waterloo\", \"KW\", the \"Twin Cities\" or \"the Tri-City\".", "Waterloo, Ontario __knowledge__ (When the reference includes the city of Cambridge, Ontario, the term Tri-Cities is used.)", "Waterloo, Ontario __knowledge__ Years ago, there were several unsuccessful attempts to combine the two cities.", "Waterloo, Ontario __knowledge__ After 1973, when the Regional government was formed, there was less motivation to do so.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ Stephen Fuller Austin (November 3, 1793 – December 27, 1836) was an American empresario.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ Known as the \"Father of Texas\", and the founder of Texas, he led the second, and ultimately, the successful colonization of the region by bringing 300 families from the United States to the region in 1825.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ Born in Virginia and raised in southeastern Missouri, Austin served in the Missouri territorial legislature before moving to Arkansas Territory and later Louisiana.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ His father, Moses Austin, received an empresario grant from Spain to settle Texas.", "Stephen F. Austin __knowledge__ After Moses Austin's death in 1821, Stephen Austin won recognition of the empresario grant from the newly-independent state of Mexico.", "Dirgantara Air Service Flight 3130 __knowledge__ Dirgantara Air Service Flight 3130 (DIR3130/AW3130) was a scheduled domestic passenger flight operated by Dirgantara Air Service from Datah Dawai Airport, Malinau Regency, East Kalimantan to its provincial capital's airport, Samarinda Temindung Airport, Samarinda, East Kalimantan.", "Dirgantara Air Service Flight 3130 __knowledge__ On 18 November 2000, the aircraft conducting the flight, a Britten Norman Islander BN-2 sheared tree tops and crashed onto the forest near the airport shortly after takeoff.", "Dirgantara Air Service Flight 3130 __knowledge__ Search and rescue team immediately found the wreckage of Flight 3130 and the survivors.", "Dirgantara Air Service Flight 3130 __knowledge__ No one was killed in the crash, but all 18 people on board were injured in the crash; 11 of them were seriously hurt.", "Dirgantara Air Service __knowledge__ Dirgantara Air Service was an airline based in Jakarta, Indonesia.", "Dirgantara Air Service __knowledge__ It operated scheduled domestic services, as well as charters and aerial work.", "Dirgantara Air Service __knowledge__ Its main bases were Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport, Jakarta, Samarinda Airport, Syamsudin Noor Airport, Banjarmasin and Supadio Airport, Pontianak.", "Dirgantara Air Service __knowledge__ Dirgantara Air Service is not listed in any category by Indonesian Civil Aviation Authority for airline safety quality.", "Dirgantara Air Service __knowledge__ Since 2008, Dirgantara Air Service operation licence is revoked and on March 5, 2013 Central Jakarta Commercial Court declared the company in Bankcruptcy.", "Dirgantara Air Service __knowledge__ The airline was established and started operations in 1971.", "Waterloo Bay massacre __knowledge__ The Waterloo Bay massacre or Elliston massacre refers to a fatal clash between settlers and Aboriginal Australians in late May 1849 on the cliffs of Waterloo Bay near Elliston, South Australia which led to the deaths of a number of Aboriginal people, and forms part of the Australian frontier wars.", "Waterloo Bay massacre __knowledge__ The events leading up to the fatal clash included killings of three white settlers by Aboriginal people, and the killing of one Aboriginal person and the death by poisoning of five others by white settlers.", "Waterloo Bay massacre __knowledge__ The limited archival records indicate that three Aboriginal people were killed or died of wounds from the clash, and five were captured, although accounts of the killing of up to 260 Aboriginal people at the cliffs have persistently circulated since at least 1880." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin () is the capital of the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the 11th-most populous city in the United States and the 4th-most populous city in Texas.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the fastest growing large city in the United States, the second most populous state capital after Phoenix, Arizona, and the southern-most state capital in the contiguous 48 states.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ As of the Census Bureau's July 1, 2016 estimate, Austin has a population of 947,890.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Located in within greater Texas Hill Country, the city is home to numerous lakes, rivers, and waterways including Lady Bird Lake, Barton Springs, McKinney Falls, the Colorado River, Lake Travis, and Lake Walter E. Long.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ It is the cultural and economic center of the metropolitan statistical area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1, 2016.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ In 1839, the site was chosen to replace Houston as the capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo.", "Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Shortly afterward, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the \"Father of Texas\" and the republic's first secretary of state.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" (; spelling variations include \"okay\", \"O.K.", "OK __knowledge__ \", \"ok\") is an English word denoting approval, acceptance, agreement, assent, or acknowledgment.", "OK __knowledge__ \"OK\" is frequently used as a loanword in other languages.", "OK __knowledge__ It has been described as the most frequently spoken or written word on the planet.", "OK __knowledge__ As an adjective, \"OK\" principally means \"adequate\" or \"acceptable\" as a contrast to \"bad\" (\"The boss approved this, so it is OK to send out\"); it can also mean \"mediocre\" when used in contrast with \"good\" (\"The french fries were great, but the burger was just OK\").", "OK __knowledge__ It fulfills a similar role as an adverb (\"Wow, you did OK for your first time skiing!\").", "OK Computer __knowledge__ OK Computer is the third studio album by English alternative rock band Radiohead, released on 16 June 1997 on EMI subsidiaries Parlophone and Capitol Records.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The members of Radiohead self-produced the album with Nigel Godrich, an arrangement they have used for their subsequent albums.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ Other than the song \"Lucky\", which was recorded in 1995, Radiohead recorded the album in Oxfordshire and Bath between 1996 and early 1997, mostly in the historic mansion St Catherine's Court.", "OK Computer __knowledge__ The band made a deliberate attempt to distance themselves from the guitar-oriented, lyrically introspective style of their previous album, \"The Bends\".", "OK Go __knowledge__ OK Go is an American rock band originally from Chicago, Illinois, now based in Los Angeles, California.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is composed of Damian Kulash (lead vocals, guitar), Tim Nordwind (bass guitar and vocals), Dan Konopka (drums and percussion) and Andy Ross (guitar, keyboards and vocals), who joined them in 2005, replacing Andy Duncan.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band is known for its often quirky and elaborate one-take music videos.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The original members formed as OK Go in 1998 and released two studio albums before Duncan's departure.", "OK Go __knowledge__ The band's video for \"Here It Goes Again\" won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video in 2007.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ I'm OK – You're OK is a 1969 self-help book by Thomas Anthony Harris.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is a practical guide to transactional analysis as a method for solving problems in life.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ The book made the \"New York Times\" Best Seller list in 1972 and remained there for almost two years.", "I'm OK – You're OK __knowledge__ It is estimated by the publisher to have sold over 15 million copies to date and to have been translated into over a dozen languages.http://www.drthomasharris.com/im-ok-youre-ok-book-thomas-harris/ In the preface, Harris praises the then-new procedure of transactional analysis (TA, or as Harris often refers to it, P-A-C) as a major innovation addressing the slow process and limited results that he and other psychiatric practitioners believed was characteristic of conventional psychiatry.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ One Ok Rock, stylized as ONE OK ROCK (pronounced in Japanese as \"one o'clock\"), is a Japanese rock band formed in Tokyo, Japan in 2005.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band currently consists of Takahiro Moriuchi (vocals), Toru Yamashita (guitar/leader), Ryota Kohama (bass), and Tomoya Kanki (drums).", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They have been playing many different styles of rock music, with songs ranging from alternative rock to emo to post-hardcore to pop rock.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ The band's name, ONE OK ROCK, comes from \"one o'clock\", the time that the band used to practice on weekends.", "One Ok Rock __knowledge__ They chose to play at one o'clock in the morning because it was cheaper to use the rehearsal space during such hours.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ OK Motor Services was a bus company operating in County Durham from 1912 until the 1990s when purchased by the Go-Ahead Group.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ Following rationalisation and rebranding, the OK livery disappeared from the roads as services were integrated with Go North East.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ OK Motor Services was founded in Evenwood, County Durham, by Wade Emmerson on 6 April 1912.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ The first route was from Evenwood to Bishop Auckland.", "OK Motor Services __knowledge__ The original name was the Gaunless Valley Motor Services with the name OK coming from a consortium of operators who started to run from the area to the Great North Exhibition in Newcastle in the late-1920s.", "OK Soda __knowledge__ OK Soda was a soft drink created by The Coca-Cola Company in 1993 that aggressively courted the Generation X demographic with unusual advertising tactics, including endorsements and even outright negative publicity.", "OK Soda __knowledge__ It did not sell well in select test markets and was officially declared out of production in 1995 before reaching nationwide distribution.", "OK Soda __knowledge__ The drink's slogan was \"Everything is going to be OK.\" In 1993, Coca-Cola CEO Roberto Goizueta rehired Sergio Zyman to be the chief of marketing for all Coca-Cola beverage brands, a surprising choice given that Zyman had worked closely with the New Coke campaign, possibly the largest advertising failure in Coke's history.", "Double J (radio) __knowledge__ Double J is a digital radio station, available on mobile devices, DAB+ digital radio, digital TV and online.", "Double J (radio) __knowledge__ Double J is aimed at over-30s alternative music listeners.", "Double J (radio) __knowledge__ It is owned and operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Double J (radio) __knowledge__ \"Dig Music\" radio service that began in November 2002, operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Double J (radio) __knowledge__ It emerged from formats developed by Bill Gates and Phil Cullen at ABC Coast FM, which broadcast an Adult Alternative music format and was for many years ABC Radio's only continuous stream.", "Double J (radio) __knowledge__ As of 2009, ABC Radio had launched the three new music services on digital radio stations (Dig Jazz & Dig Country).", "Music of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Music of Austin, Texas: Austin's official motto is the \"Live Music Capital of the World\" because on any given night, one can find over one hundred venues showcasing a wide variety of affordable - or free - live music performances.", "Music of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ Austin is also famed for the SXSW and the Austin City Limits (ACL) Music Festivals which showcase an eclectic array of live musical talent from across the globe.", "Music of Austin, Texas __knowledge__ The greatest concentration of music venues in Austin are located around 6th Street, the Warehouse District, Downtown, Central East Austin, South Congress, the Red River District, the University of Texas, South Lamar, and South Austin.", "John van Geen __knowledge__ John van Geen (August 17, 1929 - June 6, 2000) was a researcher at the Stanford Research Institute (now SRI International) who was known for his advances in the acoustically coupled modem.", "John van Geen __knowledge__ Van Geen was born in 1929 in Etterbeek, Belgium.", "John van Geen __knowledge__ In 1953, he received a degree in electrical and radio engineering from Brussels University.", "John van Geen __knowledge__ In 1959, Van Geen joined the Stanford Research Institute.", "John van Geen __knowledge__ Van Geen's enhancements to the modem in 1966 allowed the designed receiver to detect data (in the form of bits) and distinguish it from background noise more reliably than any previous models.", "John van Geen __knowledge__ His advancements also led to the release of the first public modem.", "Texas __knowledge__ Texas (, ; ) is the second-largest state in the United States by both area and population.", "Texas __knowledge__ Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast.", "Texas __knowledge__ Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively.", "Triple J __knowledge__ Triple J is a government-funded, national Australian radio station intended to appeal to listeners between the ages of 18 and 24 which began broadcasting in January 1975.", "Triple J __knowledge__ The station places a greater emphasis on broadcasting Australian and alternative music compared to commercial stations.", "Triple J __knowledge__ Triple J is government-owned and is a division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.", "Triple J __knowledge__ 2JJ commenced broadcasting at 11:00 am, Sunday 19 January 1975, at 1540 kHz (call sign 1539kHz in 1978) on the AM band.", "Triple J __knowledge__ The new Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) station was given the official call-sign 2JJ, but soon became commonly known as Double J.", "Kevin Mitchell (musician) __knowledge__ Kevin Edward Mitchell, also known by the stage name of Bob Evans (born 1 October 1977), is an Australian singer-songwriter; Mitchell uses the moniker for his primary solo project.", "Kevin Mitchell (musician) __knowledge__ He is also the founding lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the alternative rock band Jebediah, which was formed in 1994 and features his older brother Brett Mitchell, who joined on drums before the group's first performance.", "Kevin Mitchell (musician) __knowledge__ Jebediah released five studio albums between 1997 and 2011, the first three of which entered the top ten on the ARIA Albums Chart.", "Kevin Mitchell (musician) __knowledge__ Mitchell commenced performing as a folk pop artist under the name \"Bob Evans\" in 1999 to showcase \"quieter\" songs that were influenced by music that was different from the primary sound of Jebediah, and he deliberately chose a stage name that would distinguish him from his band." ] ]

[ 0, 3, 8, 47, 49 ]

[ "Great! Considering a trip to Austin, Texas. Ever been?", "It's pretty fast growing - probably the fastest growing big city in USA!", "You know that originally it was named Waterloo? That was back in 1839. Then they changed the name to honor Stephen Austin.", "It appeals to me because it's been called the Live Music Capital of the World and I dig music.", "Did you ever go to check out South by South West or the Austin City Limits Music Fests? Those always seemed so cool." ]

[ "Austin, Texas", "Austin, Texas", "Austin, Texas", "Austin, Texas", "Austin, Texas" ]

[ "Mansion", "Oh, me too. You have to be pretty rich for those, though. Do you know the average cost of one?", "Oh, haha. Mansio, that sounds funny. Where was the first one built, do you know?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mansion __knowledge__ A mansion is a large dwelling house.", "Mansion __knowledge__ The word itself derives through Old French from the Latin word \"mansio\" \"dwelling\", an abstract noun derived from the verb \"manere\" \"to dwell\".", "Mansion __knowledge__ The English word \"manse\" originally defined a property large enough for the parish priest to maintain himself, but a mansion is no longer self-sustaining in this way (compare a Roman or medieval villa).", "Mansion __knowledge__ 'Manor' comes from the same root—territorial holdings granted to a lord who would \"remain\" there—hence it is easy to see how the word 'Mansion' came to have its meaning.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Within an ancient Roman city, aristocratic or just wealthy dwellings might be very extensive, and luxurious.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Such mansions on one hill in Rome became so extensive that the term palatial was actually derived from the name Palatine hill and is the etymological origin of \"palace\".", "Mansion __knowledge__ Mansions of considerable size and state significance are called palaces.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Following the fall of Rome the practice of building unfortified villas ceased.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Today, the oldest inhabited mansions around the world usually began their existence as fortified castles in the Middle Ages.", "Mansion __knowledge__ As social conditions slowly changed and stabilised fortifications were able to be reduced, and over the centuries gave way to comfort." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mansion __knowledge__ A mansion is a large dwelling house.", "Mansion __knowledge__ The word itself derives through Old French from the Latin word \"mansio\" \"dwelling\", an abstract noun derived from the verb \"manere\" \"to dwell\".", "Mansion __knowledge__ The English word \"manse\" originally defined a property large enough for the parish priest to maintain himself, but a mansion is no longer self-sustaining in this way (compare a Roman or medieval villa).", "Mansion __knowledge__ 'Manor' comes from the same root—territorial holdings granted to a lord who would \"remain\" there—hence it is easy to see how the word 'Mansion' came to have its meaning.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Within an ancient Roman city, aristocratic or just wealthy dwellings might be very extensive, and luxurious.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Such mansions on one hill in Rome became so extensive that the term palatial was actually derived from the name Palatine hill and is the etymological origin of \"palace\".", "Mansion __knowledge__ Mansions of considerable size and state significance are called palaces.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Following the fall of Rome the practice of building unfortified villas ceased.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Today, the oldest inhabited mansions around the world usually began their existence as fortified castles in the Middle Ages.", "Mansion __knowledge__ As social conditions slowly changed and stabilised fortifications were able to be reduced, and over the centuries gave way to comfort.", "Average cost __knowledge__ In economics, average cost and/or unit cost is equal to total cost divided by the number of goods produced (the output quantity, Q).", "Average cost __knowledge__ It is also equal to the sum of average variable costs (total variable costs divided by Q) plus average fixed costs (total fixed costs divided by Q).", "Average cost __knowledge__ Average costs may be dependent on the time period considered (increasing production may be expensive or impossible in the short term, for example).", "Average cost __knowledge__ Average costs affect the supply curve and are a fundamental component of supply and demand.", "Average cost __knowledge__ Average cost is distinct from the price, and depends on the interaction with demand through elasticity of demand and an average cost due to marginal cost pricing.", "Cost curve __knowledge__ In economics, a cost curve is a graph of the costs of production as a function of total quantity produced.", "Cost curve __knowledge__ In a free market economy, productively efficient firms use these curves to find the optimal point of production (minimizing cost), and profit maximizing firms can use them to decide output quantities to achieve those aims.", "Cost curve __knowledge__ There are various types of cost curves, all related to each other, including total and average cost curves, and marginal (\"for each additional unit\") cost curves, which are equal to the differential of the total cost curves.", "Cost curve __knowledge__ Some are applicable to the short run, others to the long run.", "Average cost method __knowledge__ Under the 'Average Cost Method', it is assumed that the cost of inventory is based on the average cost of the goods available for sale during the period.", "Average cost method __knowledge__ The average cost is computed by dividing the total cost of goods available for sale by the total units available for sale.", "Average cost method __knowledge__ This gives a weighted-average unit cost that is applied to the units in the ending inventory.", "Average cost method __knowledge__ There are two commonly used average cost methods: Simple Weighted-average cost method and perpetual weighted-average cost method.", "Average cost method __knowledge__ Weighted Average Cost is a method of calculating Ending Inventory cost.", "Average cost method __knowledge__ It is also known as WAVCOs It takes Cost of Goods Available for Sale and divides it by the number of units available for sale (number of goods from Beginning Inventory + Purchases/production).", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Monopoly __knowledge__ A monopoly (from Greek μόνος \"mónos\" [\"alone\" or \"single\"] and πωλεῖν \"pōleîn\" [\"to sell\"]) exists when a specific person or enterprise is the only supplier of a particular commodity.", "Monopoly __knowledge__ This contrasts with a monopsony which relates to a single entity's control of a market to purchase a good or service, and with oligopoly which consists of a few sellers dominating a market.", "Monopoly __knowledge__ Monopolies are thus characterized by a lack of economic competition to produce the good or service, a lack of viable substitute goods, and the possibility of a high monopoly price well above the seller's marginal cost that leads to a high monopoly profit.", "Marginal cost __knowledge__ In economics, marginal cost is the change in the opportunity cost that arises when the quantity produced is incremented by one unit, that is, it is the cost of producing one more unit of a good.", "Marginal cost __knowledge__ Intuitively, marginal cost at each level of production includes the cost of any additional inputs required to produce the next unit.", "Marginal cost __knowledge__ At each level of production and time period being considered, marginal costs include all costs that vary with the level of production, whereas other costs that do not vary with production are considered fixed.", "Marginal cost __knowledge__ For example, the marginal cost of producing an automobile will generally include the costs of labor and parts needed for the additional automobile and not the fixed costs of the factory that have already been incurred.", "Socially optimal firm size __knowledge__ If only diseconomies of scale existed, then the long-run average cost-minimizing firm size would be one worker, producing the minimal possible level of output.", "Socially optimal firm size __knowledge__ However, economies of scale also apply, which state that large firms can have lower per-unit costs due to buying at bulk discounts (components, insurance, real estate, advertising, etc.)", "Socially optimal firm size __knowledge__ and can also limit competition by buying out competitors, setting proprietary industry standards (like Microsoft Windows), etc.", "Socially optimal firm size __knowledge__ If only these \"economies of scale\" applied, then the ideal firm size would be infinitely large.", "Socially optimal firm size __knowledge__ However, since both apply, the firm must not be too small or too large, to minimize unit costs.", "History of rent control in England and Wales __knowledge__ The history of rent control in England and Wales is a part of English land law concerning the development of rent regulation in England and Wales.", "History of rent control in England and Wales __knowledge__ Controlling the prices that landlords could make their tenants pay formed the main element of rent regulation, and was in place from 1915 until its abolition (excluding some council houses) by the Housing Act 1988.", "History of rent control in England and Wales __knowledge__ There have been significant changes in attitudes and legislation toward the right to housing in mainland Britain.", "History of rent control in England and Wales __knowledge__ Concepts, such as rent control, 'security of tenure', statutory tenancy, regulated tenancy, fair rent, rent officer, Rent Officer Service and assured tenancy were introduced in the twentieth century, and have developed in the years since.", "Chapeltoun __knowledge__ Chapeltoun is an estate on the banks of the Annick Water in East Ayrshire, Scotland.", "Chapeltoun __knowledge__ This is a rural area famous for its milk and cheese production and the Ayrshire or Dunlop breed of cattle.", "Chapeltoun __knowledge__ The feudal allocation of tenements to the vassals of the overlord, such as Hugh de Morville, was carried out very carefully, with the boundaries being walked and carefully recorded.", "Chapeltoun __knowledge__ The term 'ton' at this time was added to the site of the dwelling house, not necessarily a grand stone-built structure, which was bounded by a wall or fence.", "Chapeltoun __knowledge__ The tenements were held in a military tenure, the land being in exchange for military assistance to the overlord.", "Fatland (Audubon, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ Fatland (Audubon, Pennsylvania) – also known as \"Fatland Farm,\" \"Fatland Ford\" and, currently, \"Vaux Hill\" – is a Greek Revival mansion and estate in Audubon, Pennsylvania.", "Fatland (Audubon, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ Located on the north side of the Schuylkill River, opposite Valley Forge, the property was part of the 1777-78 Continental Army's encampment.", "Fatland (Audubon, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ On consecutive days in September 1777, its stone farmhouse served as headquarters for General George Washington and British General Sir William Howe.", "Fatland (Audubon, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The farmhouse was demolished about 1843, and the mansion was built on its site about 1845.", "Fatland (Audubon, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The Wetherill Family owned the property for 121 years—1825 to 1946.", "PNC Financial Services __knowledge__ PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (stylized as PNC) is a Pittsburgh-based financial services corporation, with assets as of December 31, 2016, of approximately $366 billion, as well as deposits of approximately $249 billion.", "PNC Financial Services __knowledge__ PNC operations include a regional banking franchise operating primarily in nineteen states and the District of Columbia with 2,520 branches and 9,024 ATMs, specialized financial businesses serving companies and government entities, and asset management and processing businesses.", "PNC Financial Services __knowledge__ In the U.S., PNC is the fifth largest bank by number of branch offices, sixth largest by deposits, eighth largest by total assets, and fourth largest in number of ATMs.", "Burglary __knowledge__ Burglary (also called breaking and entering and sometimes housebreaking) is an unlawful entry into a building or other location for the purposes of committing an offence.", "Burglary __knowledge__ Usually that offence is theft, but most jurisdictions include others within the ambit of burglary.", "Burglary __knowledge__ To engage in the act of burglary is to \"burgle\" (in British English) or to \"burglarize\" (in American English).", "Burglary __knowledge__ At common law, burglary was defined by Sir Matthew Hale as: The common-law elements of burglary often vary between jurisdictions.", "Burglary __knowledge__ The common-law definition has been expanded in most jurisdictions, such that the building need not be a dwelling or even a building in the conventional sense, physical breaking is not necessary, the entry does not need to occur at night, and the intent may be to commit any felony or theft.", "E. W. Marland Mansion __knowledge__ The E.W.", "E. W. Marland Mansion __knowledge__ Marland Mansion is a Mediterranean Revival-style mansion located in Ponca City, Oklahoma, United States.", "E. W. Marland Mansion __knowledge__ Built by oil baron and philanthropist Ernest Whitworth (E.W.)", "E. W. Marland Mansion __knowledge__ Marland, as a display of wealth at the peak of the 1920s oil boom, the house is one of the largest residences in the southwestern United States, and is known as the \"Palace on the Prairie.\"", "E. W. Marland Mansion __knowledge__ It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973, and is now a museum open to the public.", "E. W. Marland Mansion __knowledge__ The Marland Mansion was built on the side of a small hill, higher on the west side than on the east, in an abandoned stone quarry that determined the placement for the mansion, as the excavations for the quarry was used for the construction of the swimming pool." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mansion __knowledge__ A mansion is a large dwelling house.", "Mansion __knowledge__ The word itself derives through Old French from the Latin word \"mansio\" \"dwelling\", an abstract noun derived from the verb \"manere\" \"to dwell\".", "Mansion __knowledge__ The English word \"manse\" originally defined a property large enough for the parish priest to maintain himself, but a mansion is no longer self-sustaining in this way (compare a Roman or medieval villa).", "Mansion __knowledge__ 'Manor' comes from the same root—territorial holdings granted to a lord who would \"remain\" there—hence it is easy to see how the word 'Mansion' came to have its meaning.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Within an ancient Roman city, aristocratic or just wealthy dwellings might be very extensive, and luxurious.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Such mansions on one hill in Rome became so extensive that the term palatial was actually derived from the name Palatine hill and is the etymological origin of \"palace\".", "Mansion __knowledge__ Mansions of considerable size and state significance are called palaces.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Following the fall of Rome the practice of building unfortified villas ceased.", "Mansion __knowledge__ Today, the oldest inhabited mansions around the world usually began their existence as fortified castles in the Middle Ages.", "Mansion __knowledge__ As social conditions slowly changed and stabilised fortifications were able to be reduced, and over the centuries gave way to comfort.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "Letocetum __knowledge__ Letocetum is the ancient remains of a Roman settlement.", "Letocetum __knowledge__ It was an important military staging post and posting station near the junction of Watling Street, the Roman military road to North Wales, and Icknield (or Ryknild) Street (now the A38).", "Letocetum __knowledge__ The site is now within the parish of Wall, Staffordshire, England.", "Letocetum __knowledge__ It is owned and run by the National Trust, under the name Letocetum Roman Baths Site & Museum.", "Letocetum __knowledge__ The site is in the guardianship of English Heritage as Wall Roman Site.", "Letocetum __knowledge__ The Romans came to Letocetum in 50 CE to establish a fortress during the early years of the invasion of Britain.", "Letocetum __knowledge__ The land could not support large numbers of soldiers and Letocetum, at an important cross-roads, became a large scale posting station.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ \"O mein Papa\" is a German song, as related by a young woman remembering her beloved, once-famous clown father.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ It was written by Swiss composer Paul Burkhard in 1939 for the musical \"Der schwarze Hecht\" (\"The Black Pike\"), reproduced in 1950 as \"Das Feuerwerk\" (\"The Firework\") to a libretto by Erik Charell, Jürg Amstein, and Robert Gilbert.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ In 1954, that musical was turned into the film \"Fireworks\" with Lilli Palmer.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ \"Oh, mein Papa\", an instrumental version by trumpeter Eddie Calvert, topped the UK Singles Chart in 1954, and was also a Top 10 hit in the US.", "O mein Papa __knowledge__ It was adapted into English by John Turner and Geoffrey Parsons under the title \"Oh!", "Dubris __knowledge__ Dubris, also known as Portus Dubris and Dubrae, was a port in Roman Britain on the site of present-day Dover, Kent, England.", "Dubris __knowledge__ As the closest point to continental Europe and the site of the estuary of the Dour, the site chosen for Dover was ideal for a cross-channel port.", "Dubris __knowledge__ The Dour is now covered over for much of its course through the town.", "Dubris __knowledge__ In the Roman era, it grew into an important military, mercantile and cross-channel harbour and - with Rutupiae - one of the two starting points of the road later known as Watling Street.", "Dubris __knowledge__ It was fortified and garrisoned initially by the Classis Britannica, and later by troops based in a Saxon Shore Fort.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Mansio __knowledge__ In the Roman Empire, a mansio (from the Latin word \"mansus\" the perfect passive participle of \"manere\" \"to remain\" or \"to stay\") was an official stopping place on a Roman road, or \"via\", maintained by the central government for the use of officials and those on official business whilst travelling.", "Mansio __knowledge__ The roads which traversed the Ancient World, were later surveyed, developed and carefully maintained by the Romans, featuring purpose-built rest stops at regular intervals, known as castra.", "Mansio __knowledge__ Probably originally established as simple places of military encampment, in process of time they included barracks and magazines of provisions (horrea) for the troops.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The Roman Empire (; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr. )", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The city of Rome was the largest city in the world BC , with Constantinople (New Rome) becoming the largest around AD 500, and the Empire's populace grew to an estimated 50 to 90 million inhabitants (roughly 20% of the world's population at the time).", "Roman Empire __knowledge__ The 500-year-old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC.", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Latin profanity is the profane, indecent, or impolite vocabulary of Latin, and its uses.", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Words deemed profane were described as \"obsc(a)ena\" (obscene, lewd, unfit for public use), or \"improba\" (improper, in poor taste, undignified).", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Profanities occurred rarely in classical Latin, limited to satirical works and commentaries on word usage, but they could be found in Vulgar Latin (a phrase which means \"the language spoken by the common people\").", "Latin profanity __knowledge__ Since profanities are informal and more often spoken than committed to paper, it is worthwhile to note several written sources of Latin profanity: \"Mentula\" is the basic Latin word for penis.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Beauty and the Beast (2017 film) __knowledge__ Beauty and the Beast is a 2017 American musical romantic fantasy film directed by Bill Condon from a screenplay written by Stephen Chbosky and Evan Spiliotopoulos, and co-produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Mandeville Films.", "Beauty and the Beast (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film is based on Disney's 1991 animated film of the same name, itself an adaptation of Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont's eighteenth-century fairy tale.", "Beauty and the Beast (2017 film) __knowledge__ The film features an ensemble cast that includes Emma Watson and Dan Stevens as the eponymous characters with Luke Evans, Kevin Kline, Josh Gad, Ewan McGregor, Stanley Tucci, Audra McDonald, Gugu Mbatha-Raw, Ian McKellen, and Emma Thompson in supporting roles.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "I always wanted to live in a mansion. It is a large dwelling house.", "The biggest ones go for over $1 million. The word \"mansion\" is derived from the latin word \"mansio\" which means dwelling.", "Most likely in Rome for a Caesar. The English word \"manse\" originally defined a property large enough for the parish priest." ]

[ "Mansion", "Mansion", "Mansion" ]

[ "Knitting\nHi, have you ever tried knitting? I find it relaxing.", "My grandma taught me. I looks hard but is actually pretty easy. It can get very involved though", "Yes I have but the tools are not very sharp.", "No, just scarfs and little things. I bet it has a pretty long history.", "oh wow. So it started with the dutch?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Knitting __knowledge__ Like weaving, knitting is a technique for producing a two-dimensional fabric made from a one-dimensional yarn or thread.", "Knitting __knowledge__ In weaving, threads are always straight, running parallel either lengthwise (warp threads) or crosswise (weft threads).", "Knitting __knowledge__ By contrast, the yarn in knitted fabrics follows a meandering path (a \"course\"), forming symmetric loops (also called bights) symmetrically above and below the mean path of the yarn.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Hand knitting is a form of knitting, in which the knitted fabric is produced by hand using needles.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting uses two straight needles to make generally two-dimensional (flat) pieces.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting is usually used to knit flat pieces like scarves, blankets, afghans, and the backs, fronts and arms of sweaters (pullovers).", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ In flat knitting, generally stockinette stitch, the hand-knitter knits from right-to-left on one side of the fabric, turns the work (over), and then purls right-to-left back to the starting position.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Usually the smooth side of the fabric is considered the \"right side\", the one facing outwards for viewing; and the side that faces inwards, towards the body, the ridged side, is known as the \"wrong side\".", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is the process of using two or more needles to loop yarn into a series of interconnected loops in order to create a finished garment or some other type of fabric.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ The word is derived from \"knot\", thought to originate from the Dutch verb \"knutten\", which is similar to the Old English \"cnyttan\", to knot.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ Its origins lie in the basic human need for clothing for protection against the elements.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ More recently, hand knitting has become less a necessary skill and more a hobby.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a technique of producing fabric from a strand of yarn or wool.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ Unlike weaving, knitting does not require a loom or other large equipment, making it a valuable technique for nomadic and non-agrarian peoples.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ A knitting needle or knitting pin is a tool in hand-knitting to produce knitted fabrics.", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ They generally have a long shaft and taper at their end, but they are not nearly as sharp as sewing needles.", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ Their purpose is two-fold.", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ The long shaft \"holds\" the active (unsecured) stitches of the fabric, to prevent them from unravelling, whereas the tapered ends are used to \"form new stitches\".", "Knitting needle __knowledge__ Most commonly, a new stitch is formed by inserting the tapered end through an active stitch, catching a loop (also called a bight) of fresh yarn and drawing it through the stitch; this secures the initial stitch and forms a new active stitch in its place.", "Row counter (hand knitting) __knowledge__ A row counter for hand knitting is a tally counter for counting rows or courses worked, for counting stitch pattern repetitions, or for counting increases or decreases of the number of stitches in consecutive rows.", "Row counter (hand knitting) __knowledge__ The first commercially produced one appeared on the market in the 1920s after the general public started regularly knitting from unfamiliar printed and complex patterns.", "Row counter (hand knitting) __knowledge__ Design variations include on-needle barrel-shaped counters for straight-needle work, stitch-marker counters for knitting on double-pointed and circular needles, complex counters which attempted to assist with decreases, increases and lacework, stand-alone hand-held counters in imitation of the hand-tally, pendant counters worn round the neck and online software for iPhones." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Knitting __knowledge__ Like weaving, knitting is a technique for producing a two-dimensional fabric made from a one-dimensional yarn or thread.", "Knitting __knowledge__ In weaving, threads are always straight, running parallel either lengthwise (warp threads) or crosswise (weft threads).", "Knitting __knowledge__ By contrast, the yarn in knitted fabrics follows a meandering path (a \"course\"), forming symmetric loops (also called bights) symmetrically above and below the mean path of the yarn.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ The Duck family is a fictional family of cartoon ducks related to Disney character Donald Duck.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ The family is also related to the Coot, Goose, and Gander families, as well as the Scottish Clan McDuck.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ Besides Donald, the best-known members of the Duck family are Huey, Dewey, and Louie, Donald's three nephews.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ Members of the Duck family appear most extensively in Donald Duck comic stories (although some have made animated appearances).", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ In 1993, American comics author Don Rosa published a Duck family tree which established each characters' relationships for purposes of his stories.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ Rosa even created a fictional timeline for when certain characters were born.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ This a list of fictional characters in the television series, Big Time Rush.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ The article deals with main, recurring, minor character and notable guest stars.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ Kendall Knight (Kendall Schmidt) is the leader and founder of Big Time Rush (despite being the youngest) when he accepts to move to Los Angeles and record demos only if Gustavo brings James, Carlos, and Logan along to make them all a band.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He is portrayed as the glue that keeps the band together.", "List of Big Time Rush characters __knowledge__ He manages to stay cool under pressure (described as \"Cool Rush\") and figure out solutions to problems, thus often resulting in the other guys running to Kendall when they have a problem, being the most mature and responsible member of Big Time Rush.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of supporting characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ is a fictional character in the anime \"Tenchi Muyo!\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ OVA In the OVA, Katsuhito, also known as , fled Jurai over 700 years ago to \"retire\" on Earth.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ He was once the greatest swordsman on Jurai.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Currently Katsuhito is a Shinto priest who is not only training Tenchi to be a Shinto priest but also training him in Jurai swordsmanship.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ Yōshō had a marriage arranged with half-sister Ayeka, but left.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! supporting characters __knowledge__ At the time, not all Juraians liked the idea of mixed blood heritages (he is part human, on his mother's side) and he used Ryōko's attack as an excuse to slip away to Earth.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ This is a list of \"VeggieTales\" original videos.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ Where's God When I'm S-Scared?", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ was initially released on December 21, 1993 on VHS and was distributed by Word Entertainment on March 1, 1994.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ It features two stories about what to do when you are afraid.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ In the first segment, \"Tales from the Crisper\", Junior Asparagus is watching a scary movie before being told by his mother that he needs to go to bed.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ However, the movie has made him afraid and after imagining that his family in a portrait were frankenstein monsters, Bob and Larry drop in to help.", "List of VeggieTales videos __knowledge__ After some discussion, the pair comfort Junior in song about how he does not need to be afraid because God is watching out for him and He is bigger than anything.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Lovebug __knowledge__ The lovebug (\"Plecia nearctica\") is a species of march fly found in parts of Central America and the southeastern United States, especially along the Gulf Coast.", "Lovebug __knowledge__ It is also known as the honeymoon fly or double-headed bug.", "Lovebug __knowledge__ During and after mating, adult pairs remain coupled, even in flight, for up to several days.", "Lovebug __knowledge__ The species was first described in 1940 by D. E. Hardy, but was seen in Louisiana as early as 1911.", "Lovebug __knowledge__ At that time, he reported the incidence of lovebugs to be widespread, but most common in Texas, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.", "Lovebug __knowledge__ However, by the end of the 20th century the species had spread heavily to all areas bordering the Gulf of Mexico, as well as Georgia and South Carolina.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Lovebug (Jonas Brothers song) __knowledge__ \"Lovebug\" is a song by the American rock band Jonas Brothers.", "Lovebug (Jonas Brothers song) __knowledge__ It was released as the second official single off their third studio album, \"A Little Bit Longer\", on September 30, 2008.", "Lovebug (Jonas Brothers song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, \"Lovebug\" is about being smitten by girl for the first time and attracting feelings for said girl from that moment.", "Lovebug (Jonas Brothers song) __knowledge__ A music video was released to accompany the single and is a period piece romance that was inspired by \"The Notebook\".", "Lovebug (Jonas Brothers song) __knowledge__ The song was written while on tour with Miley Cyrus on her Best of Both Worlds Tour.", "Lovebug (Jonas Brothers song) __knowledge__ Nick said that \"we were in the hotel room and sat down that night and wrote it in about 15 or 20 minutes.\"", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The fifth-generation Chevrolet Camaro is a pony car produced by Chevrolet.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ It is the fifth distinct generation of the Camaro to be produced since its original introduction in 1967.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Production of the new Camaro began on March 16, 2009 after several years on hiatus since the previous generation's production ended in 2002 and went on sale to the public in April 2009 for the 2010 model year.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ Chevrolet Camaro Concept was designed by South Korean-born Sangyup Lee.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ The car was based on the Holden developed GM Zeta platform.", "Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation) __knowledge__ It included a 6.0-L LS-2 engine rated at 400-horsepower with active fuel management, a T56 6-speed manual transmission, front and rear suspension featuring progressive-rate springs and gas-pressurized dampers, four-wheel vented disc brakes with 14-inch rotors, 21-inch front and 22-inch rear five-spoke cast alloy wheels, and 275/30R21 front and 305/30R22 rear tires.", "Image stitching __knowledge__ Image stitching or photo stitching is the process of combining multiple photographic images with overlapping fields of view to produce a segmented panorama or high-resolution image.", "Image stitching __knowledge__ Commonly performed through the use of computer software, most approaches to image stitching require nearly exact overlaps between images and identical exposures to produce seamless results, although some stitching algorithms actually benefit from differently exposed images by doing HDR (High Dynamic Range) imaging in regions of overlap.", "Image stitching __knowledge__ Some digital cameras can stitch their photos internally.", "Image stitching __knowledge__ Image stitching is widely used in today’s world in applications such as The image stitching process can be divided into three main components - \"image registration\", \"calibration\" and \"blending\".", "A Little Bit Longer __knowledge__ A Little Bit Longer is the third studio album by the American band the Jonas Brothers and their second album released on Hollywood Records.", "A Little Bit Longer __knowledge__ It was released on August 12, 2008.", "A Little Bit Longer __knowledge__ The album received generally favorable reviews, and four star reviews from \"Rolling Stone\", AllMusic, and \"Blender\".", "A Little Bit Longer __knowledge__ The album was preceded by three singles, \"Burnin' Up\", \"Lovebug\" and \"Tonight\".", "A Little Bit Longer __knowledge__ The album was number 40 on \"Rolling Stone\"'s Best 50 Albums of 2008.", "A Little Bit Longer __knowledge__ One of the songs from the album, \"Video Girl\" was also number 49 on \"Rolling Stone\"s list of the 100 Best Songs of 2008.", "A Little Bit Longer __knowledge__ The title of the album, \"A Little Bit Longer\", comes from their song of the same name, which Nick Jonas wrote about his feelings with having type 1 diabetes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Knitting __knowledge__ Like weaving, knitting is a technique for producing a two-dimensional fabric made from a one-dimensional yarn or thread.", "Knitting __knowledge__ In weaving, threads are always straight, running parallel either lengthwise (warp threads) or crosswise (weft threads).", "Knitting __knowledge__ By contrast, the yarn in knitted fabrics follows a meandering path (a \"course\"), forming symmetric loops (also called bights) symmetrically above and below the mean path of the yarn.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make implements with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The period lasted roughly 3.4 million years and ended between 8700 BCE and 2000 BCE with the advent of metalworking.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ Stone Age artifacts include tools used by modern humans and by their predecessor species in the genus \"Homo\", and possibly by the earlier partly contemporaneous genera \"Australopithecus\" and \"Paranthropus\".", "Stone Age __knowledge__ Bone tools were used during this period as well but are rarely preserved in the archaeological record.", "Stone Age __knowledge__ The Stone Age is further subdivided by the types of stone tools in use.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The 1995 Quebec referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ The culmination of multiple years of debate and planning after the failure of the Meech Lake and Charlottetown constitutional accords, the referendum was launched solely by the provincial Parti Québécois government of Jacques Parizeau.", "Quebec referendum, 1995 __knowledge__ Despite initial predictions of a heavy sovereignist defeat, an eventful and complex campaign followed, with the \"Yes\" side flourishing after being taken over by charismatic Bloc Québécois leader Lucien Bouchard.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men are a culture jamming activist duo and network of supporters created by Jacques Servin and Igor Vamos.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ Through actions of tactical media, the Yes Men primarily aim to raise awareness about problematic social and political issues.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ To date, the duo have produced three films: \"The Yes Men\" (2003), \"The Yes Men Fix the World\" (2009) and \"The Yes Men Are Revolting\" (2014).", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ In these films, they impersonate entities that they dislike, a practice that they call \"identity correction\".", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ The Yes Men operate under the mission statement that lies can expose truth.", "The Yes Men __knowledge__ They create and maintain fake websites similar to ones they intend to spoof, which have led to numerous interview, conference, and TV talk show invitations.", "Greville Poke __knowledge__ Greville John Poke (19 August 1912 – 4 March 2000) was an arts administrator and a founding member of the English Stage Company.", "Greville Poke __knowledge__ He served as the Honorary Secretary of the English Stage Company from 1954–1973 and Chairman from 1973–1978.", "Greville Poke __knowledge__ Greville Poke's parents were Frederick Robert Poke and Ethel Esther Mulcaster.", "Greville Poke __knowledge__ He was born on 19 August 1912 in Chelsea, and his father was a Fleet Street magazine owner.", "Greville Poke __knowledge__ Poke was educated at Harrow School.", "Greville Poke __knowledge__ He studied History, Archaeology and Anthropology at Jesus College, University of Cambridge (1931–1934), where he took a third-class degree.", "Greville Poke __knowledge__ As a young man he was keen on acting in, and directing, amateur productions and going to the theatre.", "Michael Poke __knowledge__ Michael Harold Poke (born 21 November 1985) is an English professional footballer who last played as a goalkeeper for Woking.", "Michael Poke __knowledge__ Born in Staines, Surrey, Poke attended Longford Community School in Tachbrook Road, Feltham before joining Southampton as a trainee.", "Michael Poke __knowledge__ He had a trial with Northampton Town in August 2004, playing in a scoreless reserve game against Gillingham on 17 August.", "Michael Poke __knowledge__ He remained with Southampton, and with Antti Niemi injured, was named as a substitute for the League Cup tie against Watford in November 2004.", "Michael Poke __knowledge__ He joined Oldham Athletic on loan in August 2005, but failed to make his debut and suffered a fractured finger.", "Poke (fish salad) __knowledge__ Poke (Hawaiian for \"to section\" or \"to slice or cut\") is a raw fish salad served as an appetizer in Hawaiian cuisine, and sometimes as a main course.", "Poke (fish salad) __knowledge__ Traditional forms are \"aku\" (an oily tuna) and \"he'e\" (octopus).", "Poke (fish salad) __knowledge__ He'e (octopus) poke is usually called by its Japanese name \"Tako\" Poke, except in places like the island of Ni'ihau where the Hawaiian language is spoken.", "Poke (fish salad) __knowledge__ Increasingly popular ahi poke is generally made with yellowfin tuna.", "Poke (fish salad) __knowledge__ Adaptations may feature raw salmon or various shellfish as a main ingredient served raw with the common \"poke\" seasonings.", "Poke (fish salad) __knowledge__ Poke began with fishermen seasoning the cut-offs from their catch to serve as a snack.", "Poke-O-Moonshine Mountain __knowledge__ Poke-O-Moonshine Mountain, spelled Pokamoonshine on U.S. Geological Survey maps, and sometimes known as just Poke-O, is a minor peak of the Adirondack Mountains.", "Poke-O-Moonshine Mountain __knowledge__ The name is believed to be a corruption of the Algonquin words \"pohqui\", meaning 'broken', and \"moosie\", meaning 'smooth'.", "Poke-O-Moonshine Mountain __knowledge__ It is located in the town of Chesterfield, New York, United States, on New York state Forest Preserve land, part of the Taylor Pond Wild Forest complex within the Adirondack Park.", "Poke-O-Moonshine Mountain __knowledge__ Due to its location next to the pass through which most travelers from the north enter the range, it has been called the \"gateway to the Adirondacks\".", "PEEK and POKE __knowledge__ In computing, PEEK and POKE are commands used in some high-level programming languages for accessing the contents of a specific memory cell referenced by its memory address.", "PEEK and POKE __knowledge__ These commands are particularly associated with the BASIC programming language, though some other languages such as Pascal and COMAL, have these commands as well.", "PEEK and POKE __knowledge__ These commands are comparable in their roles to pointers in the C language and some other programming languages.", "PEEK and POKE __knowledge__ The PEEK and POKE commands were conceived in early personal computing systems to serve a variety of purposes, especially for modifying special memory-mapped hardware registers to control particular functions of the computer such as the input/output peripherals.", "Trackmasters __knowledge__ The Trackmasters (also known as Poke & Tone) is an American hip hop production duo, composed of music producers Poke (Jean-Claude Olivier) and Tone (Samuel Barnes), best known for their commercial hit records in the late 1990s and early 2000s.", "Trackmasters __knowledge__ Frank \"Nitty\" Pimentel joined forces with the duo to complete the success of \"Trackmasters.\"", "Trackmasters __knowledge__ Throughout their career they have worked with various hip-hop and R&B artists including Will Smith, R. Kelly, Nas, Jay-Z, Cam'ron, Jennifer Lopez, Mariah Carey, The Notorious B.I.G.", "Trackmasters __knowledge__ and 50 Cent.", "Trackmasters __knowledge__ Known for their commercially successful singles and many remixes, they have earned collectively over 7 gold & 20 platinum plaques throughout their career.", "Poke salad __knowledge__ Poke, Poke salad, poke salat, or poke sallet refer to: Poke salad or Poke /poʊˈkeɪ/(Hawaiian for \"to section\" or \"to slice or cut\"[1]) is a raw fish salad served as an appetizer in Hawaiian cuisine, and sometimes as a main course.", "Poke salad __knowledge__ Traditional forms are aku (an oily tuna) and he'e (octopus).", "Poke salad __knowledge__ He'e (octopus) poke is usually called by its Japanese name \"Tako\" Poke, except in places like the island of Ni'ihau where the Hawaiian language is spoken.", "Poke salad __knowledge__ Increasingly popular ahi poke is generally made with yellowfin tuna.", "Poke salad __knowledge__ Adaptations may feature raw salmon or various shellfish as a main ingredient served raw with the common \"poke\" seasonings." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Knitting __knowledge__ Like weaving, knitting is a technique for producing a two-dimensional fabric made from a one-dimensional yarn or thread.", "Knitting __knowledge__ In weaving, threads are always straight, running parallel either lengthwise (warp threads) or crosswise (weft threads).", "Knitting __knowledge__ By contrast, the yarn in knitted fabrics follows a meandering path (a \"course\"), forming symmetric loops (also called bights) symmetrically above and below the mean path of the yarn.", "Little Things (One Direction song) __knowledge__ \"Little Things\" is a song by English-Irish boy band One Direction from their second studio album, \"Take Me Home\" (2012).", "Little Things (One Direction song) __knowledge__ It was released by Syco Music on 3 December 2012, as the record's second single.", "Little Things (One Direction song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Fiona Bevan and Ed Sheeran, and produced by Jake Gosling.", "Little Things (One Direction song) __knowledge__ Bevan brought the song to Sheeran's attention while he was in studio with the group in 2012, resulting in the band recording it.", "Little Things (One Direction song) __knowledge__ \"Little Things\" is a mid-tempo pop and folk ballad about the insistence that flaws are what make a person unique.", "Little Things (One Direction song) __knowledge__ The track received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics, many of whom felt that the song is not tailored to them.", "Little Things (video game) __knowledge__ Little Things is a 2010 iOS game by KLICKTOCK.", "Little Things (video game) __knowledge__ A sequel entitled Little Things Forever was released on May 31, 2012.", "Little Things (video game) __knowledge__ In this version, it is a hidden object game, where users attempt to find specific items called \"colorful patchworks\" hidden in a larger design made up of thousands of \"little things\" in a list.", "Little Things (video game) __knowledge__ 148apps gave it 4 stars, writing \"Lose yourself in \"Little Things\".", "Little Things (video game) __knowledge__ It might be one of the simplest, purest pleasures you've experienced on the iPad yet.\"", "Little Things (video game) __knowledge__ PadGagdte gave it 4.5/5 stars, commenting \"Little Things is a fun game for everyone.", "Little Things (video game) __knowledge__ If you like games that challenge you by finding lots of hidden objects, this game will bring a relaxing game-play time for you and others.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "Kev Carmody __knowledge__ Kevin Daniel \"Kev\" Carmody (born 1946 in Cairns, Queensland) is an Indigenous Australian singer-songwriter.", "Kev Carmody __knowledge__ His song \"From Little Things Big Things Grow\" was recorded with co-writer Paul Kelly for their 1993 single; it was covered by the Get Up Mob (including guest vocals by both Carmody and Kelly) in 2008 and peaked at number four on the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) singles charts.", "Kev Carmody __knowledge__ On 27 August 2009, Carmody was inducted into the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) Hall of Fame alongside The Dingoes, Little Pattie, Mental As Anything and John Paul Young.", "Kev Carmody __knowledge__ In 2009, Carmody was a recipient of the Queensland Greats Awards.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of types of fur __knowledge__ This list of types of fur describes the characteristics of types of fur used in fur clothing.", "List of types of fur __knowledge__ Beaver fur has long been used in making muffs, stoles, collars, trimmings, and felt for hats.", "List of types of fur __knowledge__ Faux fur or fake fur is a material made of synthetic fibers designed to resemble fur, normally as part of a piece of clothing.", "List of types of fur __knowledge__ Fisher fur varies from grayish brown to nearly black.", "List of types of fur __knowledge__ The fur measures about two and one-half inches in length.", "List of types of fur __knowledge__ It is used mainly for muffs and neck, shoulder pieces.", "List of types of fur __knowledge__ Because of their abundance, red foxes are among the most important furbearing animals harvested by the fur trade.", "List of types of fur __knowledge__ Their pelts are used for trimmings scarfs, muffs, jackets and coats.", "Rock 'n' Roll Circus __knowledge__ Rock 'n' Roll Circus is the eleventh studio album by Japanese recording artist Ayumi Hamasaki.", "Rock 'n' Roll Circus __knowledge__ It was released on April 14, 2010, by Avex Trax.", "Rock 'n' Roll Circus __knowledge__ It was also released just a little over a year after her 2009 album, \"Next Level\".", "Rock 'n' Roll Circus __knowledge__ \"Rock 'n' Roll Circus\" marks Hamasaki's eleventh consecutive album to be fully produced by Japanese producer and manager Max Matsuura, while she contributes to the album as the lead vocalist, background vocalist, and songwriter to all songs.", "Rock 'n' Roll Circus __knowledge__ Recorded in Japanese with minor phrases in English, \"Rock 'n' Roll Circus\" is a rock album with numerous musical elements such as electropop, J-pop, rock, pop ballad, and dance music.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Knitted fabric is a textile that results from knitting.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Its properties are distinct from woven fabric in that it is more flexible and can be more readily constructed into smaller pieces, making it ideal for socks and hats.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Its properties are distinct from nonwoven fabric in that it is more durable but takes more resources to create, making it suitable for multiple uses.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ There are two major varieties of knit fabric: weft-knit and warp-knit fabrics.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Warp-knitted fabrics such as tricot and milanese are resistant to runs, and are commonly used in lingerie.", "Knitted fabric __knowledge__ Weft-knit fabrics are easier to make and more common.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Hand knitting is a form of knitting, in which the knitted fabric is produced by hand using needles.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting uses two straight needles to make generally two-dimensional (flat) pieces.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Flat knitting is usually used to knit flat pieces like scarves, blankets, afghans, and the backs, fronts and arms of sweaters (pullovers).", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ In flat knitting, generally stockinette stitch, the hand-knitter knits from right-to-left on one side of the fabric, turns the work (over), and then purls right-to-left back to the starting position.", "Hand knitting __knowledge__ Usually the smooth side of the fabric is considered the \"right side\", the one facing outwards for viewing; and the side that faces inwards, towards the body, the ridged side, is known as the \"wrong side\".", "Culture of Libya __knowledge__ Libya is a country in the Northern African region along the Mediterranean Sea.", "Culture of Libya __knowledge__ It is bordered by Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.", "Culture of Libya __knowledge__ The Libyan culture is a blend of many other cultures, due to its exposure to many historical eras.", "Culture of Libya __knowledge__ Its culture involves roots in Berber, African, Turkish and Muslim cultures.", "Culture of Libya __knowledge__ Libya was also part of the Italian colonies for about three decades, which had a great influenced on the Libyan culture.", "Culture of Libya __knowledge__ Libya has managed to keep its traditional folk culture alive to today.", "Culture of Libya __knowledge__ Most Libyans are Berber and Arab, and 96.6% are Muslim Sunnis.", "Steven Lewis Simpson __knowledge__ Steven Lewis Simpson is an independent film and documentary maker from Aberdeen, Scotland known for such films as \"Rez Bomb\".", "Steven Lewis Simpson __knowledge__ Steven Lewis Simpson is also fully qualified stockbroker and trader.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is the process of using two or more needles to loop yarn into a series of interconnected loops in order to create a finished garment or some other type of fabric.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ The word is derived from \"knot\", thought to originate from the Dutch verb \"knutten\", which is similar to the Old English \"cnyttan\", to knot.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ Its origins lie in the basic human need for clothing for protection against the elements.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ More recently, hand knitting has become less a necessary skill and more a hobby.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a technique of producing fabric from a strand of yarn or wool.", "History of knitting __knowledge__ Unlike weaving, knitting does not require a loom or other large equipment, making it a valuable technique for nomadic and non-agrarian peoples.", "Sabon __knowledge__ Sabon is an old-style serif typeface designed by the German-born typographer and designer Jan Tschichold (1902–1974) in the period 1964–1967.", "Sabon __knowledge__ It was released jointly by the Linotype, Monotype, and Stempel type foundries in 1967.", "Sabon __knowledge__ The design of the roman is based on types by Claude Garamond (), particularly a specimen printed by the Frankfurt printer Konrad Berner.", "Sabon __knowledge__ Berner had married the widow of a fellow printer Jacques Sabon, the source of the face's name, who had bought some of Garamond's type after his death.", "Sabon __knowledge__ The italics are based on types designed by a contemporary of Garamond's, Robert Granjon." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting is a method by which yarn is manipulated to create a textile or fabric for use in many types of garments.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting creates multiple loops of yarn, called stitches, in a line or tube.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting has multiple active stitches on the needle at one time.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitted fabric consists of a number of consecutive rows of intermeshing of loops.", "Knitting __knowledge__ As each row progresses, a newly created loop is pulled through one or more loops from the prior row, placed on the gaining needle, and the loops from the prior row are then pulled off the other needle.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Knitting may be done by hand or by using a machine.", "Knitting __knowledge__ Different types of yarns (fibre type, texture, and twist), needle sizes, and stitch types may be used to achieve knitted fabrics with different properties (color, texture, weight, heat retention, look, water resistance, and/or integrity).", "Knitting __knowledge__ Like weaving, knitting is a technique for producing a two-dimensional fabric made from a one-dimensional yarn or thread.", "Knitting __knowledge__ In weaving, threads are always straight, running parallel either lengthwise (warp threads) or crosswise (weft threads).", "Knitting __knowledge__ By contrast, the yarn in knitted fabrics follows a meandering path (a \"course\"), forming symmetric loops (also called bights) symmetrically above and below the mean path of the yarn.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "List of New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ \"Nieuw-Nederland\", or New Netherland, was the seventeenth-century colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands on northeastern coast of North America.", "List of New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ The claimed territory were the lands from the Delmarva Peninsula to southern Cape Cod.", "List of New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ Settled areas are now part of the Mid-Atlantic states of New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and southwestern Connecticut.", "List of New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ There were small outposts in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island.", "List of New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ Its capital, New Amsterdam, was located at the southern tip of the island of Manhattan on the Upper New York Bay.", "List of New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ The most developed part of the province roughly corresponds to today's Greater New York Metro Area.", "Comparison of Afrikaans and Dutch __knowledge__ Afrikaans is a daughter language of Dutch and—unlike Netherlands Dutch, Belgian Dutch and Surinamese Dutch—a separate standard language rather than a national variety.", "Comparison of Afrikaans and Dutch __knowledge__ As an estimated 90 to 95% of Afrikaans vocabulary is ultimately of Dutch origin, there are few lexical differences between the two languages; however, Afrikaans has a considerably more regular morphology, grammar, and spelling.", "Comparison of Afrikaans and Dutch __knowledge__ There is a high degree of mutual intelligibility between the two languages, particularly in written form.", "Comparison of Afrikaans and Dutch __knowledge__ Research suggests that mutual intelligibility between Dutch and Afrikaans is better than between Dutch and Frisian or between Danish and Swedish.", "Bilingual lexical access __knowledge__ Bilingual lexical access is an area in psycholinguistics research that studies the activation or retrieval process of the mental lexicon for people who can speak two languages.", "Bilingual lexical access __knowledge__ Bilingual lexical access can be understood as all aspects of word processing, including all the mental activity from the perception of the word from one language until all its lexical knowledge from the target language is available.", "Bilingual lexical access __knowledge__ Research in this field seeks to fully understand these mental processes.", "Bilingual lexical access __knowledge__ Bilingual individuals have two mental lexical representations for an item or concept and are able to successfully select words from one language without significant interference from the other language.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "List of Bergen, New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ Bergen was a part of the 17th-century Dutch colony of New Netherland, in what is now northeastern New Jersey.", "List of Bergen, New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ Placenames in most cases had their roots in Algonquian Lenape and Dutch.", "List of Bergen, New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ At the time of European settlement, the area was largely the territory of the Acquackanonk Raritan, Tappan, and Hackensack Native American tribes.", "List of Bergen, New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ The Munsee lived in the colony's northwestern reaches, the Highlands, while the Wappinger lived to the northeast in the Hudson Valley.", "List of Bergen, New Netherland placename etymologies __knowledge__ The definition of these groups as they are known today is often from the perception of the colonizing Dutch, who tended to call the existing people by the name of a location within their territory, thus creating an exonym.", "Old Dutch __knowledge__ In linguistics, Old Dutch or Old Low Franconian is the set of Franconian dialects (i.e.", "Old Dutch __knowledge__ dialects that evolved from Frankish) spoken in the Low Countries during the Early Middle Ages, from around the 5th to the 12th century.", "Old Dutch __knowledge__ Old Dutch is mostly recorded on fragmentary relics, and words have been reconstructed from Middle Dutch and Old Dutch loanwords in French.", "Old Dutch __knowledge__ Old Dutch is regarded as the primary stage in the development of a separate Dutch language and was spoken by the descendants of the Salian Franks who occupied what is now the southern Netherlands, northern Belgium, part of northern France, and parts of the Lower Rhine regions of Germany.", "Gronings dialect __knowledge__ Gronings (), in the dialect itself called Grunnegs or Grönnegs, is a collective name for some Friso-Saxon dialects spoken in the province of Groningen and around the Groningen border in Drenthe and Friesland.", "Gronings dialect __knowledge__ Gronings and the strongly related varieties in East Frisia have a strong East Frisian influence and take a remarkable position within West Low German.", "Gronings dialect __knowledge__ The dialect is characterized by a typical accent and vocabulary, which differ strongly from the other Low Saxon dialects.", "Gronings dialect __knowledge__ The name \"Gronings\" can almost be defined geographically, as can be seen on the map below.", "Gronings dialect __knowledge__ This is especially true for the northern part of Drenthe (number 8 on that map)." ] ]

[ 2, 0, 0, 76, 67 ]

[ "I have never tried it. creating lots of loops through stitching seems hard.", "do you ever poke yourself?", "have you ever knitted a full outfit?", "yes, the name comes from the dutch word \"knutten\"", "yes, the dutch have invented a lot" ]

[ "Knitting", "Knitting", "Knitting", "Knitting", "Knitting" ]

[ "Social anxiety disorder", "I'm sorry to hear that. What type of social situations are the most distressing to you?", "So, if all social situations trigger anxiety does the disorder result in agoraphobia?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is common for sufferers of social phobia to self-medicate in this fashion, especially if they are undiagnosed, untreated, or both; this can lead to alcoholism, eating disorders or other kinds of substance abuse.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ SAD is sometimes referred to as an \"illness of lost opportunities\" where \"individuals make major life choices to accommodate their illness\".", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ According to ICD-10 guidelines, the main diagnostic criteria of social phobia are fear of being the focus of attention, or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, avoidance and anxiety symptoms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is common for sufferers of social phobia to self-medicate in this fashion, especially if they are undiagnosed, untreated, or both; this can lead to alcoholism, eating disorders or other kinds of substance abuse.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ SAD is sometimes referred to as an \"illness of lost opportunities\" where \"individuals make major life choices to accommodate their illness\".", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ According to ICD-10 guidelines, the main diagnostic criteria of social phobia are fear of being the focus of attention, or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, avoidance and anxiety symptoms.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is a conscious or subconscious avoidance of a situation or social interaction.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ With a high level of social inhibition, situations are avoided because of the possibility of others disapproving of their feelings or expressions.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is related to behavior, appearance, social interactions, or a subject matter for discussion.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Related processes that deal with social inhibition are social evaluation concerns, anxiety in social interaction, social avoidance, and withdrawal.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Also related are components such as cognitive brain patterns, anxious apprehension during social interactions, and internalizing problems.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness (also called diffidence) is the feeling of apprehension, lack of comfort, or awkwardness especially when a person is around other people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This commonly occurs in new situations or with unfamiliar people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness can be a characteristic of people who have low self-esteem.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Stronger forms of shyness are usually referred to as social anxiety or social phobia.", "Shyness __knowledge__ The primary defining characteristic of shyness is a largely ego-driven fear of what other people will think of a person's behavior.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This results in a person becoming scared of doing or saying what they want to out of fear of negative reactions, being laughed at, humiliated or patronised, criticism or rejection.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person's frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.", "Empathy __knowledge__ There are many definitions for empathy that encompass a broad range of emotional states.", "Empathy __knowledge__ Types of empathy include cognitive empathy, emotional empathy, and empathy.", "Empathy __knowledge__ The English word \"empathy\" is derived from the Ancient Greek word εμπάθεια (\"empatheia\", meaning \"physical affection or passion\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ This, in turn, comes from εν (\"en\", \"in, at\") and πάθος (\"pathos\", \"passion\" or \"suffering\").", "Empathy __knowledge__ The term was adapted by Hermann Lotze and Robert Vischer to create the German word \"Einfühlung\" (\"feeling into\"), which was translated by Edward B. Titchener into the English term empathy.", "Social impact theory __knowledge__ Social impact theory was created by Bibb Latané in 1981 and consists of four basic rules which consider how individuals can be \"sources or targets of social influence\".", "Social impact theory __knowledge__ Social impact is the result of social forces including the strength of the source of impact, the immediacy of the event, and the number of sources exerting the impact.", "Social impact theory __knowledge__ The more targets of impact that exist, the less impact each individual target has.", "Social impact theory __knowledge__ Social impact theory is a theory that uses mathematical equations to predict the level of social impact created by specific social situations.", "Social impact theory __knowledge__ The theory was developed in 1981 by Bibb Latané, a psychologist who was working at Ohio State.", "Selective mutism __knowledge__ Selective mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder in which a person who is normally capable of speech cannot speak in specific situations or to specific people.", "Selective mutism __knowledge__ Selective mutism usually co-exists with shyness or social anxiety.", "Selective mutism __knowledge__ People with selective mutism stay silent even when the consequences of their silence include shame, social ostracism or even punishment.", "Selective mutism __knowledge__ Selective mutism affects about 0.8% of people at some point in their lives.", "Selective mutism __knowledge__ Children and adults with selective mutism are fully capable of speech and understanding language but forgo speaking in certain situations, though speech is expected of them.", "Self-monitoring __knowledge__ Self-monitoring is a concept introduced during the 1970s by Mark Snyder, that shows how much people monitor their self-presentations, expressive behavior, and nonverbal affective displays.", "Self-monitoring __knowledge__ Human beings generally differ in substantial ways in their abilities and desires to engage in expressive controls (see dramaturgy).", "Self-monitoring __knowledge__ It is defined as a personality trait that refers to an ability to regulate behavior to accommodate social situations.", "Self-monitoring __knowledge__ People concerned with their expressive self-presentation (see impression management) tend to closely monitor their audience in order to ensure appropriate or desired public appearances.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant feelings of anxiety and fear.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These feelings may cause physical symptoms, such as a fast heart rate and shakiness.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ There are a number of anxiety disorders: including generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, and selective mutism.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The disorder differs by what results in the symptoms.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ People often have more than one anxiety disorder.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The cause of anxiety disorders is a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Social anxiety can be defined as nervousness in social situations.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Some disorders associated with the social anxiety spectrum include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, autism, eating disorders, and substance use disorders.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Individuals higher in social anxiety avert their gazes, show fewer facial expressions, and show difficulty with initiating and maintaining conversation.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Trait social anxiety, the stable tendency to experience this nervousness, can be distinguished from state anxiety, the momentary response to a particular social stimulus.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Nearly 90% of individuals report feeling a form of social anxiety (i.e., shyness) at some point in their lives.", "Anxiety __knowledge__ Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behavior, such as pacing back and forth, somatic complaints, and rumination.", "Anxiety __knowledge__ It is the subjectively unpleasant feelings of dread over anticipated events, such as the feeling of imminent death.", "Anxiety __knowledge__ Anxiety is not the same as fear, which is a response to a real or perceived immediate threat, whereas anxiety is the expectation of future threat.", "Anxiety __knowledge__ Anxiety is a feeling of uneasiness and worry, usually generalized and unfocused as an overreaction to a situation that is only subjectively seen as menacing.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ The effects of stress on memory include interference with a person's capacity to encode memory and the ability to retrieve information.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ During times of stress, the body reacts by secreting stress hormones into the bloodstream.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ Stress can cause acute and chronic changes in certain brain areas which can cause long-term damage.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ Over-secretion of stress hormones most frequently impairs memory, but in a few cases can enhance it.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ In particular, the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex and the amygdala are affected.", "Effects of stress on memory __knowledge__ One class of stress hormone responsible for negatively affecting memory is the glucocorticoids (GCs), the most notable of which is cortisol." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations, causing considerable distress and impaired ability to function in at least some parts of daily life.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These fears can be triggered by perceived or actual scrutiny from others.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Physical symptoms often include excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Stammering may be present, along with rapid speech.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks can also occur under intense fear and discomfort.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Some sufferers may use alcohol or other drugs to reduce fears and inhibitions at social events.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ It is common for sufferers of social phobia to self-medicate in this fashion, especially if they are undiagnosed, untreated, or both; this can lead to alcoholism, eating disorders or other kinds of substance abuse.", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ SAD is sometimes referred to as an \"illness of lost opportunities\" where \"individuals make major life choices to accommodate their illness\".", "Social anxiety disorder __knowledge__ According to ICD-10 guidelines, the main diagnostic criteria of social phobia are fear of being the focus of attention, or fear of behaving in a way that will be embarrassing or humiliating, avoidance and anxiety symptoms.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Anxiety disorders are a group of mental disorders characterized by significant feelings of anxiety and fear.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ Anxiety is a worry about future events and fear is a reaction to current events.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ These feelings may cause physical symptoms, such as a fast heart rate and shakiness.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ There are a number of anxiety disorders: including generalized anxiety disorder, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, separation anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, panic disorder, and selective mutism.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The disorder differs by what results in the symptoms.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ People often have more than one anxiety disorder.", "Anxiety disorder __knowledge__ The cause of anxiety disorders is a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Agoraphobia __knowledge__ Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by symptoms of anxiety in situations where the person perceives the environment to be unsafe with no easy way to get away.", "Agoraphobia __knowledge__ These situations can include open spaces, public transit, shopping malls, or simply being outside the home.", "Agoraphobia __knowledge__ Being in these situations may result in a panic attack.", "Agoraphobia __knowledge__ The symptoms occur nearly every time the situation is encountered and last for more than six months.", "Agoraphobia __knowledge__ Those affected will go to great lengths to avoid these situations.", "Agoraphobia __knowledge__ In severe cases people may become unable to leave their homes.", "Agoraphobia __knowledge__ Agoraphobia is believed to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is a conscious or subconscious avoidance of a situation or social interaction.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ With a high level of social inhibition, situations are avoided because of the possibility of others disapproving of their feelings or expressions.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Social inhibition is related to behavior, appearance, social interactions, or a subject matter for discussion.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Related processes that deal with social inhibition are social evaluation concerns, anxiety in social interaction, social avoidance, and withdrawal.", "Social inhibition __knowledge__ Also related are components such as cognitive brain patterns, anxious apprehension during social interactions, and internalizing problems.", "Phobia __knowledge__ A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder, defined by a persistent fear of an object or situation.", "Phobia __knowledge__ The phobia typically results in a rapid onset of fear and is present for more than six months.", "Phobia __knowledge__ The affected person will go to great lengths to avoid the situation or object, typically to a degree greater than the actual danger posed.", "Phobia __knowledge__ If the feared object or situation cannot be avoided, the affected person will have significant distress.", "Phobia __knowledge__ With blood or injury phobia, fainting may occur.", "Phobia __knowledge__ Agoraphobia is often associated with panic attacks.", "Phobia __knowledge__ Usually a person has phobias to a number of objects or situations.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic attacks are sudden periods of intense fear that may include palpitations, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, numbness, or a feeling that something really bad is going to happen.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ The maximum degree of symptoms occurs within minutes.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ There may be ongoing worries about having further attacks and avoidance of places where attacks have occurred in the past.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ The cause of panic disorder is unknown.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Panic disorder often runs in families.", "Panic disorder __knowledge__ Risk factors include smoking, psychological stress, and a history of child abuse.", "Panic attack __knowledge__ Panic attacks are sudden periods of intense fear that may include palpitations, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, numbness, or a feeling that something bad is going to happen.", "Panic attack __knowledge__ The maximum degree of symptoms occurs within minutes.", "Panic attack __knowledge__ Typically they last for about 30 minutes but the duration can vary from seconds to hours.", "Panic attack __knowledge__ There may be a fear of losing control or chest pain.", "Panic attack __knowledge__ Panic attacks themselves are not dangerous physically.", "Panic attack __knowledge__ Panic attacks can occur due to number of disorders including panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, drug use disorder, depression, and medical problems.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness (also called diffidence) is the feeling of apprehension, lack of comfort, or awkwardness especially when a person is around other people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This commonly occurs in new situations or with unfamiliar people.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Shyness can be a characteristic of people who have low self-esteem.", "Shyness __knowledge__ Stronger forms of shyness are usually referred to as social anxiety or social phobia.", "Shyness __knowledge__ The primary defining characteristic of shyness is a largely ego-driven fear of what other people will think of a person's behavior.", "Shyness __knowledge__ This results in a person becoming scared of doing or saying what they want to out of fear of negative reactions, being laughed at, humiliated or patronised, criticism or rejection.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Social anxiety can be defined as nervousness in social situations.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Some disorders associated with the social anxiety spectrum include anxiety disorders, mood disorders, autism, eating disorders, and substance use disorders.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Individuals higher in social anxiety avert their gazes, show fewer facial expressions, and show difficulty with initiating and maintaining conversation.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Trait social anxiety, the stable tendency to experience this nervousness, can be distinguished from state anxiety, the momentary response to a particular social stimulus.", "Social anxiety __knowledge__ Nearly 90% of individuals report feeling a form of social anxiety (i.e., shyness) at some point in their lives.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ The terms \"introversion\" and \"extraversion\" were popularized by Carl Jung, although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms.", "Extraversion and introversion __knowledge__ Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.", "Social construction of gender __knowledge__ The social construction of gender is a theory in feminism, philosophy and sociology about the origin of gender difference between men and women.", "Social construction of gender __knowledge__ According to this view, society and culture create gender roles, and these roles are prescribed as ideal or appropriate behavior for a person of that specific sex.", "Social construction of gender __knowledge__ Some supporters of this theory argue that the differences in behavior between men and women are entirely social conventions, whereas others believe that behavior is influenced by universal biological factors to varying degrees, with social conventions having a major effect on gendered behavior.", "Group dynamics __knowledge__ Group dynamics is a system of behaviors and psychological processes occurring within a social group (\"intra\"group dynamics), or between social groups (\"inter\"group dynamics).", "Group dynamics __knowledge__ The study of group dynamics can be useful in understanding decision-making behaviour, tracking the spread of diseases in society, creating effective therapy techniques, and following the emergence and popularity of new ideas and technologies.", "Group dynamics __knowledge__ Group dynamics are at the core of understanding racism, sexism, and other forms of social prejudice and discrimination.", "Group dynamics __knowledge__ These applications of the field are studied in psychology, sociology, anthropology, political science, epidemiology, education, social work, business, and communication studies." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3 ]

[ "I have social anxiety disorder. It's an anxiety disorder characterized by a significant amount of fear in one or more social situations.", "Triggers can be perceived or actual scrutiny from others. Basically all social situations can be.", "I'm not sure, but my social anxiety causes physical symptoms often including excessive blushing, excess sweating, trembling, palpitations, and nausea." ]

[ "Social anxiety disorder", "Social anxiety disorder", "Social anxiety disorder" ]

[ "Parenting", "Oh I agree, I've been a parent since 2001! It's a lifetime of responsibility but totally worth it.", "I'm sure you are or will be a great parent. So what skills do you think a person needs to be a good parent?", "I couldn't agree more. I don't have any neices or nephews yet but my sister in law is pregnant now." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Hillary Clinton, the nominee of the Democratic Party for president of the United States in 2016, has taken positions on political issues while serving as First Lady of Arkansas (1979–81; 1983–92), First Lady of the United States (1993–2001); as U.S.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Senator from New York (2001–2009); and serving as the United States Secretary of State (2009–2013).", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In accordance with longstanding custom, during her time as Secretary of State she largely avoided taking stances on most domestic political issues.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ In 2015, she announced her candidacy for the presidency.", "Political positions of Hillary Clinton __knowledge__ Clinton won the Democratic primaries and formally became the party's nominee at the 2016 Democratic National Convention.", "Paul Schwartz (politician) __knowledge__ Paul Schwartz (born 1 April 1940, București) is the current president of the Jewish Community of Bucharest, Romania.", "Paul Schwartz (politician) __knowledge__ He is also the current vice-president of the Federation of Jewish Communities of Romania, holding two mandates with the first starting in 2005.", "Paul Schwartz (politician) __knowledge__ Paul Schwartz has been a mechanical engineer and developer of numerous trade patents for the former 23 August factory in Bucharest (renamed \"FAUR\" after the Romanian Revolution of 1989).", "Paul Schwartz (politician) __knowledge__ For his achievements in helping develop Romania from a technical and economical point of view, in 2009, Paul Schwartz was decorated by the then President of Romania, Traian Basescu, becoming a Knight of the Order of Industrial and Commercial Merit.", "Twenty Ten (album) __knowledge__ Twenty Ten is a two-disc retrospective album by Australian singer and songwriter Guy Sebastian.", "Twenty Ten (album) __knowledge__ Disc one contains 18 songs from his previous five albums and two new songs, including the lead single \"Who's That Girl\" which features American rapper Eve.", "Twenty Ten (album) __knowledge__ Disc two has acoustic versions of ten of the songs.", "Twenty Ten (album) __knowledge__ The album was released in Australia on 19 November 2010 and reached number four on the ARIA Album Chart, Sebastian's sixth consecutive top ten album.", "Twenty Ten (album) __knowledge__ It was certified platinum in its fourth week of release and was the fifth highest selling Australian artist album of 2010.", "Twenty Ten (album) __knowledge__ It reached 2× platinum certification in 2014.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The Panama Papers are 11.5 million leaked documents that detail financial and attorney–client information for more than 214,488 offshore entities.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents, some dating back to the 1970s, were created by, and taken from, Panamanian law firm and corporate service provider Mossack Fonseca, and were leaked in 2015 by an anonymous source.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ The documents contain personal financial information about wealthy individuals and public officials that had previously been kept private.", "Panama Papers __knowledge__ While offshore business entities are legal (see Offshore Magic Circle), reporters found that some of the Mossack Fonseca shell corporations were used for illegal purposes, including fraud, tax evasion, and evading international sanctions.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is an American mixed martial arts organization based in Las Vegas, Nevada, that is owned and operated by parent company WME–IMG.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ It is the largest MMA promotion in the world and features the top-ranked fighters of the sport.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Based in the United States, the UFC produces events worldwide that showcase eleven weight divisions and abide by the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ As of 2017, the UFC has held over 400 events.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Dana White serves as the president of the UFC.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ He has held that position since 2001; while under the leadership of Dana White the UFC has grown into a globally popular multibillion-dollar enterprise.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "Studio 56 __knowledge__ Studio 56 is a recording studio in California.", "Studio 56 __knowledge__ Studio 56 was built and began as a home studio at 7856 White Oak in Northridge, California.", "Studio 56 __knowledge__ Paul Schwartz, the owner of Studio 56, working with Tom Herzer and Jeff Fargus, set up the studio and started making music.", "Studio 56 __knowledge__ The studio became a production house and began to be used for demos by artists such as Roy Orbison, Evelyn \"Champagne\" King, Smokey Robinson, Stephanie Mills, Fleetwood Mac, Burton Cummings, Howard Hewett, Moon Martin, Five Star, Billy Burnette, The Dwight Twilley Band, The Sylvers and The Jackson 5.", "Studio 56 __knowledge__ In 1986, Studio 56 needed to expand and moved to 7000 Santa Monica Blvd in Hollywood, California, formerly Radio Recorders Studio.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting (AP) is a parenting philosophy that proposes methods which aim to promote the attachment of mother and infant not only by maximal maternal empathy and responsiveness but also by continuous bodily closeness and touch.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The term \"attachment parenting\" has been coined by the American pediatrician William Sears.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ In family sociology, attachment parenting is considered to be the most striking manifestation of \"intensive mothering\" or \"New momism\".", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ The doctrine has hence been targeted by criticism from a host of objectors.", "Attachment parenting __knowledge__ Attachment parenting is only one of many responsiveness and love-oriented parenting philosophies that entered the pedagogical mainstream after World War II, and it owes many of its ideas to older teachings, such as Benjamin Spock's influential handbook \"Baby and Child Care\" (1946).", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Child neglect __knowledge__ Child neglect is a form of child abuse, and is a deficit in meeting a child's basic needs, including the failure to provide adequate health care, supervision, clothing, nutrition, housing as well as their physical, emotional, social, educational and safety needs.", "Child neglect __knowledge__ Society generally believes there are necessary behaviors a caregiver must provide in order for a child to develop physically, socially, and emotionally.", "Child neglect __knowledge__ Causes of neglect may result from several parenting problems including mental disorders, substance abuse, domestic violence, unemployment, unplanned pregnancy, and poverty.", "Child neglect __knowledge__ Child neglect depends on how a child and society perceives the parents’ behavior; it is not how parents believe they are behaving towards their child.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Fort Rowner __knowledge__ Fort Rowner is one of the Palmerston Forts, in Gosport, England.", "Fort Rowner __knowledge__ Built circa 1858 as part of the outer defence line for Gosport along with Fort Brockhurst and Fort Elson to the North East and Fort Grange and Fort Gomer to the South West.", "Fort Rowner __knowledge__ The fort was later used as a barracks and then by the Royal Navy as a Degaussing establishment.", "Fort Rowner __knowledge__ It has been a Grade II Listed Building since 1983.", "Fort Rowner __knowledge__ Fort Rowner was designed by William Crossman to protect Portsmouth.", "Fort Rowner __knowledge__ With its formidable firepower, its main purpose was to guard the approach from potential landing areas on the south Hampshire coast.", "Fort Rowner __knowledge__ According to the record plans of Fort Grange, the estimated costs of Rowner, Brockhurst and Grange were £300,000 whilst the actual costs were :- Rowner £52,994, Brockhurst £51.514, Grange £60,676, a total of £169,228 charged to the vote and £2,956 to the loan.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "Pathé News __knowledge__ Pathé News was a producer of newsreels and documentaries from 1910 until 1970 in the United Kingdom.", "Pathé News __knowledge__ Its founder, Charles Pathé, was a pioneer of moving pictures in the silent era.", "Pathé News __knowledge__ The Pathé News archive is known today as British Pathé.", "Pathé News __knowledge__ Its collection of news film and movies is fully digitised and available online.", "Pathé News __knowledge__ Its roots lie in 1896 Paris, France, when Société Pathé Frères was founded by Charles Pathé and his brothers, who pioneered the development of the moving image.", "Pathé News __knowledge__ Charles Pathé adopted the national emblem of France, the cockerel, as the trademark for his company.", "Pathé News __knowledge__ After the company, now called Compagnie Générale des Éstablissements Pathé Frère Phonographes & Cinématographes, invented the cinema newsreel with \"Pathé-Journal\".", "Teuruarii IV __knowledge__ Teuruarii IV, born Epatiana a Teuruarii (c. 1879 – 1933), was the last King of Rurutu, an island within the larger Austral Islands archipelago, who ruled from around 1886 until the annexation of the island to France in 1900.", "Teuruarii IV __knowledge__ Proclaimed king upon his father's abdication while still a child, his mother ruled as regent.", "Teuruarii IV __knowledge__ During this regency the Church of Moerari was consecrated and the death penalty was abolished.", "Teuruarii IV __knowledge__ Teuruarii's reign was disrupted by ongoing French expansionism in the Pacific.", "Teuruarii IV __knowledge__ Teuruarii entreated the British to place Rurutu under a British protectorate, which the islanders deemed more favorable due to their predominant adherence to Protestantantism.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Re'eh, Reeh, R'eih, or Ree ( — Hebrew for \"see\", the first word in the parashah) is the 47th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the fourth in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ It constitutes In the parashah, Moses set before the Israelites the choice between blessing and curse.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Moses instructed the Israelites in the laws that they were to observe, including the law of a single centralized place of worship.", "Re'eh __knowledge__ Moses warned against following other gods and their prophets and set forth the laws of kashrut, tithes, the Sabbatical year, the Hebrew slave, firstborn animals, and the three pilgrim festivals.", "Parental alienation __knowledge__ Parental alienation is the process, and the result, of psychological manipulation of a child into showing unwarranted fear, disrespect or hostility towards a parent and/or other family members.", "Parental alienation __knowledge__ It is a distinctive form of psychological abuse and family violence, towards both the child and the rejected family members, that occurs almost exclusively in association with family separation or divorce, particularly where legal action is involved.", "Parental alienation __knowledge__ It undermines core principles of both the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.", "Parental alienation __knowledge__ Most commonly, the primary cause is a parent wishing to exclude another parent from the life of their child, but other family members or friends, as well as professionals involved with the family (including psychologists, lawyers and judges), may contribute significantly to the process.", "Care work __knowledge__ Care work is a sub-category of work that includes all tasks that directly involve care processes done in service of others.", "Care work __knowledge__ It is often differentiated from other forms of work because it is considered to be intrinsically motivated, meaning that people are motivated to pursue care work for reasons other than financial compensation.", "Care work __knowledge__ Another factor that is often used to differentiate caring labor from other types of work is the motivating factor.", "Care work __knowledge__ This perspective defines care labor as labor undertaken out of affection or a sense of responsibility for other people, with no expectation of immediate pecuniary reward.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Good Game is an Australian television gaming programme produced by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), which aired on ABC2.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Created by Janet Carr, Jeremy Ray and Michael Makowski.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The show began in 2006 and includes a mix of gaming news, reviews, and features.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The original hosts were Jeremy \"Junglist\" Ray and Michael \"Kapowski\" Makowski; the latter was replaced by Steven \"Bajo\" O'Donnell in 2007, and the former was replaced by Stephanie \"Hex\" Bendixsen in 2009.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ Other on screen presenters included field reporter Gus \"Goose\" Ronald and Dave Callan.", "Good Game (TV program) __knowledge__ The show is named after the friendly phrase gamers traditionally say after completing a competitive match.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting or child rearing is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting refers to the intricacies of raising a child aside from the biological relationship.", "Parenting __knowledge__ The most common caretaker in parenting is the biological parent(s) of the child in question, although others may be an older sibling, a grandparent, a legal guardian, aunt, uncle or other family member, or a family friend.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Governments and society may have a role in child-rearing as well.", "Parenting __knowledge__ In many cases, orphaned or abandoned children receive parental care from non-parent blood relations.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Others may be adopted, raised in foster care, or placed in an orphanage.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Parenting skills vary, and a parent with good parenting skills may be referred to as a \"good parent\".", "Parenting __knowledge__ The English pediatrician and psychoanalyst Donald Winnicott described the concept of \"good-enough\" parenting in which a minimum of prerequisites for healthy child development are met.", "Parenting __knowledge__ Winnicott wrote, \"The good-enough mother...starts off with an almost complete adaptation to her infant's needs, and as time proceeds she adapts less and less completely, gradually, according to the infant's growing ability to deal with her failure.\"", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Cardinal-nephew __knowledge__ A cardinal-nephew (; ; ; ) is a cardinal elevated by a pope who is that cardinal's uncle, or, more generally, his relative.", "Cardinal-nephew __knowledge__ The practice of creating cardinal-nephews originated in the Middle Ages, and reached its apex during the 16th and 17th centuries.", "Cardinal-nephew __knowledge__ The word \"nepotism\" originally referred specifically to this practice, when it appeared in the English language about 1669.", "Cardinal-nephew __knowledge__ From the middle of the Avignon Papacy (1309–1377) until Pope Innocent XII's anti-nepotism bull (a papal charter), \"Romanum decet pontificem\" (1692), a pope without a cardinal-nephew was the exception to the rule.", "Cardinal-nephew __knowledge__ Every Renaissance pope who created cardinals appointed a relative to the College of Cardinals, and the nephew was the most common choice, although one of Alexander VI's creations was his own son.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ The following are characters who first appeared, or returned, in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" during 2014 listed by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ All new characters in 2014 were introduced by Dominic Treadwell-Collins, executive producer.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Nancy Carter arrived in January with her fiancé, Wayne Ladlow, Stan Carter, Babe Smith and new market inspector, Aleks Shirovs.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ February saw Stacey Branning return with her daughter Lily and also her new boyfriend, Luke Riley, followed by Tosh Mackintosh.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ On 10 March, Charlie Cotton and on 4 April, Lee Carter.", "List of EastEnders characters (2014) __knowledge__ Donna Yates, a new market stallholder and Pam Coker, Les Coker's wife, both arrived on 14 April.", "Donald Duck in comics __knowledge__ Donald Duck, a cartoon character created by the Walt Disney Company, is today the star of dozens of comic-book and comic-strip stories published each month (in certain parts of the world, each week) around the world.", "Donald Duck in comics __knowledge__ The earliest print mention of Donald Duck is likely in 1931, in the book, \"The Adventures of Mickey Mouse,\" published by David McKay Company, Philadelphia.", "Donald Duck in comics __knowledge__ On the first text page, none of which are numbered, the third paragraph begins, \"Mickey has many friends in the old barn and the barnyard, besides Minnie Mouse.", "Donald Duck in comics __knowledge__ They are Henry Horse and Carolyn Cow and Patricia Pig and Donald Duck...\" Donald may well have made another early printed appearance in \"Mickey Mouse Annual\" #3 (published 1932; the annual for 1933), a 128-page British hardback.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ As the World Turns is a long-running soap opera television series that aired on CBS from April 2, 1956, to September 17, 2010.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ Its fictional world has a long and involved history.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ List of characters who were part of the original cast: Like many daytime dramas of the period, the show entered into a mixed experiment with heavily youth-oriented action-adventure storylines in the early 1980s under producer Mary-Ellis Bunim and writers Bridget and Jerome Dobson.", "History of As the World Turns __knowledge__ One of their juiciest stories centered around the various and sundry traumas endured by Jennifer's daughter Barbara Ryan (Colleen Zenk Pinter) - during the years of her marriage to the charismatic criminal James Stenbeck (Anthony Herrera) (This was after she had left Tom Hughes at the altar in June 1980).", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the various characters throughout the Japanese tokusatsu series \"Garo\", not including the Horrors, a breed of demonic beings that make for most of the series antagonists.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The various holders of the title are the main characters of the franchise, armed with the blade.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ The Garo title, based on the word for \"hope\" in the old Makai language, is traditionally associated with the Saezima family.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ For reasons yet to be explained, the man who takes the title of Garo is often regarded to be the strongest Knight, widely known throughout the Makai community.", "List of Garo characters __knowledge__ This is however, not a formal ranking in itself and no preferential treatment is given to the said Knight, as evident with Kouga in \"\" who was in service for years before being promoted to be a Knight serving under the Senate.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ The Dominici affair was the criminal investigation into the triple murder of three Britons in France.", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ During the night of 4/5 August 1952, Sir Jack Drummond, a 61-year-old scientist; his 44-year-old wife Anne Wilbraham; and their 10-year-old daughter Elizabeth were murdered next to their car which was parked in a lay-by near \"La Grand'Terre\", the farm belonging to the Dominici family, located near the village of Lurs in the département of Basses-Alpes (now Alpes-de-Haute-Provence).", "Dominici affair __knowledge__ Family patriarch Gaston Dominici was convicted of the three murders in 1957 and sentenced to death, though it was widely believed that his guilt had not been clearly established.", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" is an American comedy-drama series that aired on ABC (American Broadcasting Company).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ It focuses on the residents living on the fictional Wisteria Lane as narrated by their deceased neighbor, Mary Alice Young (Brenda Strong).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ Specifically, the series follows four protagonists and Mary Alice's friends, Susan Mayer (Teri Hatcher), Lynette Scavo (Felicity Huffman), Bree Van de Kamp (Marcia Cross), and Gabrielle Solis (Eva Longoria).", "List of Desperate Housewives characters __knowledge__ \"Desperate Housewives\" features an ensemble cast, which also includes the women's husbands, children, love interests, neighbors, and other acquaintances." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 3, 8 ]

[ "Parenting is such a huge responsibility! It's so hard to make sure kids have all the physical, emotional and intellectual guidance they need!", "It is very much worth it! I'm always trying to make sure that I'm doing everything I can to have the skills to be a good parent.", "I think as long as you teach your child to be a responsible, caring human being, everything else will fall into place. And I believe that's the case even if you are the child's aunt, uncle, grandparent or family friend.", "Aww! Congrats to you and your family! My biggest fear is being a \"good enough\" parent. I think every child deserves more than the basic minimum from their parents!" ]

[ "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting", "Parenting" ]

[ "Veganism\nIt seems like everyone is a vegan now. Are you a vegan?", "I'm not strictly a vegan, but I am a vegetarian. Sometimes I eat vegan.", "Yeah I bet that's true. Tell me more about veganism.", "Yeah I think fatty meats and processed meats are not so good for your heart." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ This is a list of vegetarian and vegan festivals, held in numerous locations around the globe to promote veganism and/or vegetarianism among the public and support and link individuals and organizations that practice, promote or endorse veganism or vegetarianism.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Many of them are also food festivals and/or music festivals and can also contain edutainment.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Vegfest 2015 was organized by the Vegetarian Association of Ghana.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Hong Kong Vegfest started in 2013 organized by the Hong Kong Vegan Association.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ The festival organisers stipulate only vegan products be offered at the event by vendors.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Admission is free to attendees.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ The American Vegan Society (AVS) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization that promotes veganism in the United States.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ AVS was founded by 1960 by H. Jay Dinshah.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ The date of the earlier The Vegan Society (UK)'s founding, November 1, is now celebrated annually as World Vegan Day.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ Prior to broad and widely-accessible search capabilities of the Internet, the American Vegan Society published networking and business resources which supported vegan lifestyle.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ H. Jay Dinshah founded the American Vegan Society early in 1960 and later that year (August) married the English-born Freya Smith.", "American Vegan Society __knowledge__ Freya, whose parents were active in The Vegan Society (of England), contributed to the early growth of the American Vegan Society and is president of the American Vegan Society today.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health.", "Victoria Moran __knowledge__ Victoria Moran is an American author and speaker.", "Victoria Moran __knowledge__ She has written a number of books specializing in both spirituality and veganism.", "Victoria Moran __knowledge__ Moran hosts the \"Main Street Vegan\" radio show and podcast on \"Unity Online Radio\".", "Victoria Moran __knowledge__ She started her career as a freelance magazine writer and has gone on to publish a number of best-selling vegan books, starting in 1985 with \"Compassion the Ultimate Ethic\", which was based on her undergraduate college thesis.", "Victoria Moran __knowledge__ Her 2012 book, \"Main Street Vegan\", is the basis of her company and outreach, including the Main Street Vegan podcast, Main Street Vegan Academy, and Main Street Vegan Productions.", "Vegan Awareness Foundation __knowledge__ The Vegan Awareness Foundation, also known as Vegan Action, is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization (FIN# 94-3224024) in Virginia, United States and founded in 1995.", "Vegan Awareness Foundation __knowledge__ Dedicated to helping animals, the environment, and human health by educating the public about the benefits of a vegan lifestyle and encouraging the spread of vegan food options through public outreach campaigns.", "Vegan Awareness Foundation __knowledge__ One of the goals of Vegan Action is to create growth in the vegan marketplace and increase the availability of vegan products.", "Vegan Awareness Foundation __knowledge__ They have introduced a logo to certify vegan products, vegan food options into schools nationwide, and ideas behind veganism." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ This is a list of vegetarian and vegan festivals, held in numerous locations around the globe to promote veganism and/or vegetarianism among the public and support and link individuals and organizations that practice, promote or endorse veganism or vegetarianism.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Many of them are also food festivals and/or music festivals and can also contain edutainment.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Vegfest 2015 was organized by the Vegetarian Association of Ghana.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Hong Kong Vegfest started in 2013 organized by the Hong Kong Vegan Association.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ The festival organisers stipulate only vegan products be offered at the event by vendors.", "List of vegetarian festivals __knowledge__ Admission is free to attendees.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism has its roots in the civilizations of ancient India and ancient Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the theory and practice of voluntary non-consumption of the flesh of any animal (including sea animals), with or without also eschewing other animal derivatives (such as dairy products or eggs).", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ The earliest records of vegetarianism as a concept and practice amongst a significant number of people concern ancient India and the ancient Greek civilizations in southern Italy and Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ In both instances the diet was closely connected with the idea of nonviolence toward animals (called \"ahimsa\" in India), and was promoted by religious groups and philosophers.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Ellen Jaffe Jones __knowledge__ Ellen Jaffe Jones is a U.S. consumer, health, and fitness journalist and author.", "Ellen Jaffe Jones __knowledge__ She is an accomplished athlete and the author of \"Eat Vegan on $4 a Day--A Game Plan for the Budget Conscious Cook,\" published in 2011.", "Ellen Jaffe Jones __knowledge__ Her book, \"The Kitchen Divided-Vegan Recipes for the Semi-Vegan Household\" was published in summer 2013.", "Ellen Jaffe Jones __knowledge__ Her most recent book is Paleo Vegan: Plant-Based Primal Recipes, published in paperback by Book Publishing Company on March 10, 2014.", "Ellen Jaffe Jones __knowledge__ As a former 2-time Emmy-winning TV investigative/consumer reporter/anchor for 18 years in Des Moines, Miami, and St. Louis, she wrote her book after her mother, aunt, and both sisters had been diagnosed with breast cancer.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is an activist and academic movement which states that all types of oppression are linked and must be eradicated, with a focus on including the domination of humans over nonhuman animals.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Through the feminist concept known as intersectionality, it is recognized that sexism, racism, classism, and other forms of inter human oppression are all connected.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism aims to include the domination of not only the environment but also of nonhuman animals to the list.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is part of the academic and philosophical field of ecofeminism, which states that the ways in which the privileged dominates the oppressed should include the way humans dominate nature.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Vegaphobia (or vegephobia) is the aversion to and discrimination against vegetarian and vegan people.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Some of the oldest episodes of aversion can be found in the 3rd and 4th centuries when Greek comedies are written where Pythagoras is despised of his choice of not eating meat.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ They then have episodes of persecution of vegetarians in China in the twelfth century as well as in the European medieval, where they were branded as heretics and persecuted by the Holy Inquisition.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ These persecutions are also detailed in the essay Pythagora's Supper by Erica Joy Mannucci.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ In recent times, Nazi Germany became the protagonist of the vegetarian persecution.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps is a dice game in which the players make wagers on the outcome of the roll, or a series of rolls, of a pair of dice.", "Craps __knowledge__ Players may wager money against each other (playing \"street craps\", also known as \"shooting dice,\" \"rolling bones,\" or any combination thereof) or a bank (playing \"casino craps\", also known as \"table craps\", or often just \"craps\").", "Craps __knowledge__ Because it requires little equipment, \"street craps\" can be played in informal settings.", "Craps __knowledge__ Craps developed from a simplification of the early English game of \"hazard\".", "Craps __knowledge__ Its origins are complex and may date to the Crusades, later being influenced by French gamblers.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ Animal (De)liberation: Should the Consumption of Animal Products Be Banned?", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ is a 2016 book, written by Jan Deckers and published by Ubiquity Press.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The book engages with the work of many scholars who have written on the subject, including Carol Adams, Alasdair Cochrane, Gary Francione, Melanie Joy, Martha Nussbaum, and Peter Singer, as well as with the views of non-specialists, including slaughterhouse workers involved with the film \"Slaughterhouse: The Task of Blood\", released by Century Films in 2005.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The key question dealt with in the book is whether the consumption of products derived from the bodies of animals should be banned.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Vegaphobia (or vegephobia) is the aversion to and discrimination against vegetarian and vegan people.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ Some of the oldest episodes of aversion can be found in the 3rd and 4th centuries when Greek comedies are written where Pythagoras is despised of his choice of not eating meat.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ They then have episodes of persecution of vegetarians in China in the twelfth century as well as in the European medieval, where they were branded as heretics and persecuted by the Holy Inquisition.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ These persecutions are also detailed in the essay Pythagora's Supper by Erica Joy Mannucci.", "Vegaphobia __knowledge__ In recent times, Nazi Germany became the protagonist of the vegetarian persecution.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is an activist and academic movement which states that all types of oppression are linked and must be eradicated, with a focus on including the domination of humans over nonhuman animals.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Through the feminist concept known as intersectionality, it is recognized that sexism, racism, classism, and other forms of inter human oppression are all connected.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism aims to include the domination of not only the environment but also of nonhuman animals to the list.", "Vegetarian ecofeminism __knowledge__ Vegetarian ecofeminism is part of the academic and philosophical field of ecofeminism, which states that the ways in which the privileged dominates the oppressed should include the way humans dominate nature.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is animal flesh that is eaten as food.", "Meat __knowledge__ Humans have hunted and killed animals for meat since prehistoric times.", "Meat __knowledge__ The advent of civilization allowed the domestication of animals such as chickens, sheep, rabbits, pigs and cattle.", "Meat __knowledge__ This eventually led to their use in meat production on an industrial scale with the aid of slaughterhouses.", "Meat __knowledge__ Meat is mainly composed of water, protein, and fat.", "Meat __knowledge__ It is edible raw, but is normally eaten after it has been cooked and seasoned or processed in a variety of ways.", "Meat __knowledge__ Unprocessed meat will spoil or rot within hours or days as a result of infection with and decomposition by bacteria and fungi.", "Lunch meat __knowledge__ Lunch meats—also known as cold cuts, luncheon meats, cooked meats, sliced meats, cold meats and deli meats—are precooked or cured meat, often sausages or meat loaves, that are sliced and served cold or hot on sandwiches or on party trays.", "Lunch meat __knowledge__ They can be bought pre-sliced in vacuum packs at a supermarket or grocery store, or they can be purchased at a delicatessen or deli counter, where they might be sliced to order.", "Lunch meat __knowledge__ Unsliced, canned lunch meats are sold under brands such as Spam and Treet.", "Lunch meat __knowledge__ Most pre-sliced lunch meats are higher in fat, nitrates, and sodium than those that are sliced to order, as a larger exposed surface requires stronger preservatives.", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork.", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is prepared from several different cuts of meat, typically from the pork belly or from back cuts, which has less fat than the belly.", "Bacon __knowledge__ It is eaten on its own, as a side dish (particularly in breakfasts), or used as a minor ingredient to flavour dishes (e.g., the club sandwich).", "Bacon __knowledge__ Bacon is also used for barding and larding roasts, especially game, including venison and pheasant.", "Bacon __knowledge__ The word is derived from the Old High German \"bacho\", meaning \"buttock\", \"ham\" or \"side of bacon\", and is cognate with the Old French \"bacon\".", "Bacon __knowledge__ Meat from other animals, such as beef, lamb, chicken, goat, or turkey, may also be cut, cured, or otherwise prepared to resemble bacon, and may even be referred to as \"bacon\".", "Nutrition __knowledge__ Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ It includes food intake, absorption, assimilation, biosynthesis, catabolism, and excretion.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ The diet of an organism is what it eats, which is largely determined by the availability and palatability of foods.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ For humans, a healthy diet includes preparation of food and storage methods that preserve nutrients from oxidation, heat or leaching, and that reduce risk of foodborne illness.", "Nutrition __knowledge__ In humans, an unhealthy diet can cause deficiency-related diseases such as blindness, anemia, scurvy, preterm birth, stillbirth and cretinism, or nutrient excess health-threatening conditions such as obesity and metabolic syndrome; and such common chronic systemic diseases as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis.", "Red meat __knowledge__ Commonly, especially in gastronomy, red meat is red when raw and dark in color when cooked, in contrast to white meat which is pale in color before and after cooking and dark meat which is dark when cooked.", "Red meat __knowledge__ In cooking, only flesh from mammals or fowl is classified as red or white.", "Red meat __knowledge__ In nutritional science, on the other hand, red meat is defined as any meat that has more myoglobin than white meat, white meat being defined as non-dark meat from chicken (excluding leg or thigh), or fish.", "Red meat __knowledge__ Some meat, such as pork, is red meat under the nutritional definition, and white meat using the common or gastronomic definition.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ \"Pink slime\" (a derogatory term for lean finely textured beef or LFTB, finely textured beef, and boneless lean beef trimmings or BLBT) is a meat by-product used as a food additive to ground beef and beef-based processed meats, as a filler, or to reduce the overall fat content of ground beef.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ In the production process, heat and centrifuges remove fat from the meat in beef trimmings.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ The resulting paste is exposed to ammonia gas or citric acid to kill bacteria.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ In 2001, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) approved the product for limited human consumption.", "Pink slime __knowledge__ LFTB prepared using ammonia gas is banned for human consumption in Canada and the European Union.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ Animal (De)liberation: Should the Consumption of Animal Products Be Banned?", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ is a 2016 book, written by Jan Deckers and published by Ubiquity Press.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The book engages with the work of many scholars who have written on the subject, including Carol Adams, Alasdair Cochrane, Gary Francione, Melanie Joy, Martha Nussbaum, and Peter Singer, as well as with the views of non-specialists, including slaughterhouse workers involved with the film \"Slaughterhouse: The Task of Blood\", released by Century Films in 2005.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The key question dealt with in the book is whether the consumption of products derived from the bodies of animals should be banned.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Dog food is food specifically formulated and intended for consumption by dogs and other related canines.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Like all carnivores, dogs have sharp, pointed teeth, and have short gastrointestinal tracts better suited for the consumption of meat.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In spite of this natural carnivorous design, dogs have still managed to adapt over thousands of years to survive on the meat and non-meat scraps and leftovers of human existence and thrive on a variety of foods.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In the United States alone, dog owners spent over $8.6 billion on commercially manufactured dog food in 2007.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Some people make their own dog food, feed their dogs meals made from ingredients purchased in grocery or health food stores or give their dogs a raw food diet." ] ]

[ 2, 9, 7, 7 ]

[ "I do not follow the vegan diet, but I am interested in it. My sister is one.", "Apparently vegan diets are not recommended for pregnant women.", "Vegan diets can sometimes reduce the risk of cancer.", "I agree. Veganism can reduce the risk of heart disease." ]

[ "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism" ]

[ "Justin Timberlake\nOne of my favorite performers is Justin Timberlake -- he's truly a triple threat of singing, dancing, and acting!", "Funny thing, I was never a fan of NSYNC. But as he proved himself outside and beyond the band, I became a fan. And in *retrospect* I can appreciate NSYNC more than I did at the time!", "Plus, I always love a man who appears to truly love his wife and family!", "That's an interesting observation I never thought of! Are you from Tennessee?", "There were so many of his fellow MMCers that went on to big careers -- Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera...." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Justin Randall Timberlake (born January 31, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter, actor and record producer.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Born and raised in Tennessee, he appeared on the television shows \"Star Search\" and \"The All-New Mickey Mouse Club\" as a child.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Timberlake rose to prominence as one of the two lead vocalists and youngest member of NSYNC, which eventually became one of the best-selling boy bands of all time.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Timberlake began to adopt a more mature image as an artist with the release of his debut solo album, the R&B-focused \"Justified\" (2002), which yielded the successful singles \"Cry Me a River\" and \"Rock Your Body\", and earned his first two Grammy Awards.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ His critically acclaimed second album \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" (2006), characterized by its diversity in music genres, debuted atop the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200 and produced the Hot 100 number-one singles \"SexyBack\", \"My Love\", and \"What Goes Around... Comes Around\".", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Established as a solo artist worldwide, his first two albums both exceeded sales of 10 million copies, and continued producing records and collaborating with other artists.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ From 2008 through 2012, Timberlake focused on his acting career, effectively putting his music career on hiatus; he held starring roles in the films \"The Social Network\", \"Bad Teacher\", \"Friends with Benefits\", and \"In Time\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Justin Timberlake is an American singer-songwriter, actor, and record producer.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ He is the recipient of 10 Grammy Awards, 4 Emmy Awards, 7 American Music Awards, 3 Brit Awards, 9 \"Billboard\" Music Awards, 11 MTV Video Music Awards and 28 ASCAP Awards.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Overall, Timberlake has received 169 awards from 468 nominations .", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ His debut solo album, \"Justified\", generated the singles \"Like I Love You\", \"Rock Your Body\", \"Señorita\", and the Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance-winning song \"Cry Me a River\".", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Also nominated for Album of the Year, it took home the Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ Timothy Mosley is a producer better known as Timbaland.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ This discography lists the recorded performances, writing and production credits as Timothy Mosley, as Timothy Zachery Mosley, as Timbaland or DJ Timmy Tim.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ Song names that are bold are singles, album names/releases are in italics.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ DJ Timmy Tim - \"DJ Timmy Tim's Studio Session (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced By DJ Timmy Tim aka Timbaland) S.B.I.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) - \"S.B.I.", "Timbaland production discography __knowledge__ (Surrounded By Idiots) (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Reboc - \"9 In The Morning (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sugah - \"Baby I Know (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland - \"Do You Wanna (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Makes You Say (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Da Boogie Man - \"Da Boogie Man (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Jodeci - \"Diary Of A Mad Band (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, December 21)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Missy Elliott - \"Red Lights (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Mr. Dalvin - \"Set It Off (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sista - \"4 All The Sistas Around Da World (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Static - \"S-T-A-T-I-C (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sugah - \"Goin' Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Smokin' In The Dark (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugah Sensation (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugah Thang (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Sugar & Spice (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland & Magoo - \"Ain't Nothin' But A B-Party (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Another Level (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"In The 90s (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Plenty Of Styles (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Timbaland - \"Da Funk (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Get Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Peepin' My Style (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"We Can Do This (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Virginia Williams - \"Get Down (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Let Me In Your Life (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" \"Slow Drag (Studio Session)\" B-Rezell - \"Above The Rim OST (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, March 22)\" Jodeci - \"What About Us (VLS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #14, August 2)\" Sista - \"4 All The Sistas Around Da World (US R&B/Hip Hop #84, September 24)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) \"Brand New (CDS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, August 4)\" (All Tracks Produced With DeVante Swing) Usher - \"Usher (US R&B/Hip Hop #25, August 30)\" (Produced With DeVante Swing) Jodeci - The Show, The After Party, The Hotel (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, July 18) Mr. Dalvin - \"Dangerous Minds OST (US Top 200 #1, August 10)\" Playa - \"Ride Around (Studio Session) (Unreleased)\" Sista - \"Dangerous Minds OST (US Top 200 #1, August 10)\" (Produced With DeVante Swing) 702 - \"Steelo Remixes\" Aaliyah – \"One In A Million (US R&B/Hip Hop #2, August 27)\" \"If Your Girl Only Knew (CDS) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, August 13)\" \"One In A Million (CDM) (US R&B/Hip Hop #1, December 10)\" Babyface - \"This Is For The Lover In You (The Remix CD) (US R&B/Hip Hop #2, October 5)\" DeVante - \"Gin & Juice (VLS) (January 23)\" Ginuwine - \"Ginuwine...", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ Super Bowl XXXVIII – which was broadcast live on February 1, 2004 from Houston, Texas on the CBS television network in the United States – was noted for a controversial halftime show in which Janet Jackson's breast, adorned with a nipple shield, was exposed by Justin Timberlake for about half a second, in what was later referred to as a \"wardrobe malfunction\".", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ The incident, sometimes referred to as Nipplegate, was widely discussed.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ Along with the rest of the halftime show, it led to an immediate crackdown and widespread debate on perceived indecency in broadcasting.", "Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy __knowledge__ The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) fined CBS a record US$550,000 which was fought in the Supreme Court, but that fine was appealed and ultimately voided by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals in a 2011 ruling, and a case to reinstate the fine was refused in 2012.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ FutureSex/LoveSounds is the second studio album by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ It was released on September 8, 2006 by Jive Records and its affiliated label of the Zomba Group of Companies.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ During a two-year hiatus, Timberlake resolved his feelings on being unable to record any new material, and as he returned to record some new music, he began collaborating with his longtime record producer Timbaland, alongside the latter's colleague Danja.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ The album's contents were produced at Timbaland's Thomas Crown Studios.", "FutureSex/LoveSounds __knowledge__ The album shares some lyrical themes with Timberlake's debut album \"Justified\" (2002), although \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" has more diversity in music genres.", "Can't Stop the Feeling! __knowledge__ \"Can't Stop the Feeling!\"", "Can't Stop the Feeling! __knowledge__ is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Justin Timberlake for the soundtrack to the film \"Trolls\" (2016), for which he serves as the executive music producer.", "Can't Stop the Feeling! __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Timberlake, Max Martin and Shellback.", "Can't Stop the Feeling! __knowledge__ Musically, it is an uptempo disco-pop, soul-pop number with funk influences.", "Can't Stop the Feeling! __knowledge__ The song was released as a single on May 6, 2016, 6 months before the film was released, and serviced to contemporary hit radio on May 10, 2016.", "Can't Stop the Feeling! __knowledge__ Timberlake gave his first televised performance of \"Can't Stop the Feeling!\"", "Can't Stop the Feeling! __knowledge__ during the interval act of the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 grand final." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Justin Randall Timberlake (born January 31, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter, actor and record producer.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Born and raised in Tennessee, he appeared on the television shows \"Star Search\" and \"The All-New Mickey Mouse Club\" as a child.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Timberlake rose to prominence as one of the two lead vocalists and youngest member of NSYNC, which eventually became one of the best-selling boy bands of all time.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Timberlake began to adopt a more mature image as an artist with the release of his debut solo album, the R&B-focused \"Justified\" (2002), which yielded the successful singles \"Cry Me a River\" and \"Rock Your Body\", and earned his first two Grammy Awards.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ His critically acclaimed second album \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" (2006), characterized by its diversity in music genres, debuted atop the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200 and produced the Hot 100 number-one singles \"SexyBack\", \"My Love\", and \"What Goes Around... Comes Around\".", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Established as a solo artist worldwide, his first two albums both exceeded sales of 10 million copies, and continued producing records and collaborating with other artists.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ From 2008 through 2012, Timberlake focused on his acting career, effectively putting his music career on hiatus; he held starring roles in the films \"The Social Network\", \"Bad Teacher\", \"Friends with Benefits\", and \"In Time\".", "NSYNC __knowledge__ NSYNC (; sometimes stylized as *NSYNC or 'N Sync) was an American boy band formed in Orlando, Florida in 1995 and launched in Germany by BMG Ariola Munich.", "NSYNC __knowledge__ NSYNC consisted of Justin Timberlake, JC Chasez, Chris Kirkpatrick, Joey Fatone, and Lance Bass.", "NSYNC __knowledge__ After heavily publicized legal battles with their former manager Lou Pearlman and former record label Bertelsmann Music Group, the group's second album, \"No Strings Attached\", sold over one million copies in one day and 2.42 million copies in one week, which was a record for over fifteen years.", "NSYNC __knowledge__ Among the group's singles, \"Bye Bye Bye\", \"This I Promise You\", \"Girlfriend\" and \"It's Gonna Be Me\" reached the top 10 in several national charts, with the latter being a US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number one.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ James Lance Bass (; born May 4, 1979) is an American pop singer, dancer, actor, film and television producer, and author.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ He grew up in Mississippi and rose to fame as the bass singer for the American pop boy band NSYNC.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ NSYNC's success led Bass to work in film and television.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ He starred in the 2001 film \"On the Line\", which his company, Bacon & Eggs, also produced.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ Bass later formed a second production company, Lance Bass Productions, as well as a now-defunct music management company, Free Lance Entertainment, a joint venture with Mercury Records.", "Lance Bass __knowledge__ After completion of NSYNC's PopOdyssey Tour, Bass moved to Star City, Russia, in much publicized pursuit of a seat on a Soyuz space capsule.", "No Strings Attached (NSYNC album) __knowledge__ No Strings Attached is the third studio album by American boy band NSYNC, released on March 21, 2000 by Jive Records.", "No Strings Attached (NSYNC album) __knowledge__ Looking to distinguish their music from that of their labelmates, its music incorporates pop and R&B styles.", "No Strings Attached (NSYNC album) __knowledge__ Prior to the release of the album, NSYNC separated from their management Trans Continental and their label RCA Records; its title is a play on the idea of independence from corporate control.", "No Strings Attached (NSYNC album) __knowledge__ Contributions to the album's production came from a wide range of producers, including group members Justin Timberlake and JC Chasez and new collaborators Kristian Lundin, Jake Schulze, Rami, Teddy Riley, Kevin \"She'kspere\" Briggs, Richard Marx, Veit Renn, Babyface, and Guy Roche.", "PopOdyssey __knowledge__ PopOdyssey was the fourth concert tour by American boy band NSYNC.", "PopOdyssey __knowledge__ Sponsored by Verizon Long Distance and Chili's, the tour promoted the band's third studio album, \"Celebrity\".", "PopOdyssey __knowledge__ The tour's name is defined as \"an adventurous journey towards popularity, beginning as just a dream and ending in reality\".", "PopOdyssey __knowledge__ The tour became the biggest production in pop music, beating U2's PopMart Tour.", "PopOdyssey __knowledge__ The 2001 tour earned over $90 million, becoming one of the biggest tours of the year.", "PopOdyssey __knowledge__ It was also nominated for \"Most Creative Stage Production\" for Pollstar's \"Concert Industry Awards\".", "PopOdyssey __knowledge__ The tour primarily visited North America with dates in Japan proposed, but never realized.", "No Strings Attached Tour __knowledge__ The No Strings Attached Tour was the third concert tour by American boy band, NSYNC.", "No Strings Attached Tour __knowledge__ Primarily visiting North America, the tour supported the band's second studio album, \"No Strings Attached\".", "No Strings Attached Tour __knowledge__ Beginning in May 2000, the tour sold out all dates within the first day of the ticket sale.", "No Strings Attached Tour __knowledge__ Additional dates in North America were added for the Fall of 2000.", "No Strings Attached Tour __knowledge__ When the tour ended in December 2000, it became the second highest grossing tour in North America, earning more than $70 million.", "No Strings Attached Tour __knowledge__ The tour was initially announced during in AOL chat with bandmember JC Chasez in 1999.", "No Strings Attached Tour __knowledge__ The band were on tour and promoting their latest single, \"Bye Bye Bye\" when Chasez announced they were rehearing their upcoming tour.", "NSYNC in Concert __knowledge__ NSYNC in Concert (also known as the Second II None Tour, Ain't No Stoppin' Us Now Tour, Boys of Summer Tour and The Winter Shows) is the second concert tour by American boy band, NSYNC.", "NSYNC in Concert __knowledge__ Primarily visiting North America, the tour supported the band's debut studio album, \"NSYNC\".", "NSYNC in Concert __knowledge__ The trek lasted eighteen months, playing over two hundred concerts in over one hundred cities.", "NSYNC in Concert __knowledge__ In 1998, the tour was nominated for \"Best New Artist Tour\" by Pollstar Concert Industry Awards.", "NSYNC in Concert __knowledge__ It also became one of the biggest tours in 1999, earning over $50 million.", "NSYNC in Concert __knowledge__ Supporting the band on the tour were newcomers Britney Spears, B*Witched and Mandy Moore along with music veterans Jordan Knight, Shanice and The Sugarhill Gang.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ Justified is the debut solo studio album by American singer and songwriter Justin Timberlake.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ It was released on November 5, 2002, by Jive Records.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ The album was written and recorded in a six-week period, during the hiatus of the singer's band NSYNC.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ For the album, Timberlake began to adopt a more mature image as an R&B artist opposed to the previous pop music recorded by the group.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ Most of the album was produced by The Neptunes (credited as \"Williams and Hugo\" on the album.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances by Janet Jackson.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Justified\" also contains influences of dance-pop, funk and soul music.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ Anna Mae He ( or He Sijia, born January 28, 1999 in the United States), was the subject of a custody battle between her Chinese biological parents, Shaoqiang (Jack) He (S: 贺绍强, T: 賀紹強, P: \"Hè Shàoqiáng\") and Qin Luo \"Casey\" He (S: 罗秦, T: 羅秦, \"Luó Qín\"), and her foster parents, Jerry and Louise Baker.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ The case received United States national media attention for years and revolved around the claim of Jerry and Louise Baker that Jack and Casey He abandoned their rights to the child when they signed a temporary custody order.", "Custody battle for Anna Mae He __knowledge__ Anna Mae He's father, Jack, came to the United States in 1995 on a student visa and attended Arizona State." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Justin Randall Timberlake (born January 31, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter, actor and record producer.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Born and raised in Tennessee, he appeared on the television shows \"Star Search\" and \"The All-New Mickey Mouse Club\" as a child.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Timberlake rose to prominence as one of the two lead vocalists and youngest member of NSYNC, which eventually became one of the best-selling boy bands of all time.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Timberlake began to adopt a more mature image as an artist with the release of his debut solo album, the R&B-focused \"Justified\" (2002), which yielded the successful singles \"Cry Me a River\" and \"Rock Your Body\", and earned his first two Grammy Awards.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ His critically acclaimed second album \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" (2006), characterized by its diversity in music genres, debuted atop the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200 and produced the Hot 100 number-one singles \"SexyBack\", \"My Love\", and \"What Goes Around... Comes Around\".", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Established as a solo artist worldwide, his first two albums both exceeded sales of 10 million copies, and continued producing records and collaborating with other artists.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ From 2008 through 2012, Timberlake focused on his acting career, effectively putting his music career on hiatus; he held starring roles in the films \"The Social Network\", \"Bad Teacher\", \"Friends with Benefits\", and \"In Time\".", "I Will Always Love You __knowledge__ The song, \"I Will Always Love You\" was originally written and recorded in 1973 by American singer-songwriter Dolly Parton.", "I Will Always Love You __knowledge__ Her country version of the track was released in 1974 as a single and was written as a farewell to her one-time partner and mentor of seven years, Porter Wagoner, following Parton's decision to pursue a solo career.", "I Will Always Love You __knowledge__ Parton's version of \"I Will Always Love You\" was a commercial success.", "I Will Always Love You __knowledge__ It reached number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart twice.", "I Will Always Love You __knowledge__ It first reached number one in June 1974, and then in October 1982, with her re-recording on the soundtrack of the movie version of \"The Best Little Whorehouse in Texas\", making Parton the first singer ever to achieve the number one position twice with the same song.", "Dolly Parton __knowledge__ Dolly Rebecca Parton Dean (born January 19, 1946) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, actress, author, businesswoman, and philanthropist, known primarily for her work in country music.", "Dolly Parton __knowledge__ After achieving success as a songwriter for others, Dolly Parton made her album debut in 1967, with her album \"Hello, I'm Dolly\".", "Dolly Parton __knowledge__ With steady success during the remainder of the 1960s (both as a solo artist and with a series of duet albums with Porter Wagoner), her sales and chart peak came during the 1970s and continuing into the 1980s; Parton's subsequent albums in the later part of the 1990s were lower in sales.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American singer, actress, producer, and model.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ In 2009, \"Guinness World Records\" cited her as the most awarded female act of all time.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston is one of the best-selling music artists of all-time, with 200 million records sold worldwide.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ She released seven studio albums and two soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum, or gold certification.", "Whitney Houston __knowledge__ Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for \"How Will I Know\", influenced several African American women artists who follow in her footsteps.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Lana Lang (Smallville) __knowledge__ Lana Lang is a fictional character on the television series \"Smallville\".", "Lana Lang (Smallville) __knowledge__ She has been a series regular since the pilot episode, and has been played continuously by Kristin Kreuk, with two other actresses having portrayed Lana Lang as a child and as an elderly woman.", "Lana Lang (Smallville) __knowledge__ The character of Lana Lang, first created for comic books by Bill Finger and John Sikela in the 1950s as a romantic interest for Superboy, was adapted to television in 2001 by Alfred Gough and Miles Millar.", "Lana Lang (Smallville) __knowledge__ The character has also appeared in various literature based on the \"Smallville\" television series, none of which directly continues from or into the television episodes.", "Forever Country __knowledge__ \"Forever Country\" is a medley performed by the Artists of Then, Now & Forever, a one-time gathering of 30 country music artists.", "Forever Country __knowledge__ The song, which was recorded to honor the 50th Annual Country Music Association Awards, is a medley of John Denver's \"Take Me Home, Country Roads,\" Willie Nelson's \"On the Road Again,\" and Dolly Parton's \"I Will Always Love You.\"", "Forever Country __knowledge__ The medley was originally conceived to be just one song until director Joseph Kahn proposed the idea of mashing together three songs into one.", "Forever Country __knowledge__ It was recorded in a span of three days in Nashville, Tennessee in June 2016 with Shane McAnally as producer.", "List of Aurora (telenovela) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters featured in the Telemundo-produced telenovela \"Aurora\".", "List of Aurora (telenovela) characters __knowledge__ Angela Amenabar is portrayed by Sonya Smith.", "List of Aurora (telenovela) characters __knowledge__ She is the title character and main protagonist of the series replacing Sara Maldonado after her departure from the series.", "List of Aurora (telenovela) characters __knowledge__ Receives Aurora's heart as transplant, Lorenzo's lawyer, sister of Clara, in love with Lorenzo.", "List of Aurora (telenovela) characters __knowledge__ she is also a doctor Aurora Ponce De León is portrayed by Sara Maldonado.", "List of Aurora (telenovela) characters __knowledge__ She is the title character and main protagonist of the series.", "List of Aurora (telenovela) characters __knowledge__ Aurora is the only child of Gustavo and Inés Ponce De León.", "List of Aurora (telenovela) characters __knowledge__ She is beautiful, passionate, generous, and loves with all her heart and soul.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan is an American hip hop group from Staten Island, New York City, originally composed of East Coast rappers RZA, GZA, Ol' Dirty Bastard, Method Man, Raekwon, Ghostface Killah, Inspectah Deck, U-God and Masta Killa.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ Cappadonna later became an official member of the group.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan has released four gold and platinum studio albums.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ Its 1993 debut album, \"Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)\", is considered to be one of the greatest albums in hip-hop history.", "Wu-Tang Clan __knowledge__ The Wu-Tang Clan has introduced and launched the careers of a number of affiliated artists and groups, often collectively known as the Wu-Tang Killa Bees, and has been described as one of the most influential hip-hop groups of all-time.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ Philip David Charles Collins (born 30 January 1951) is an English drummer, singer-songwriter, record producer and actor.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ He was the drummer and lead singer of the rock band Genesis and is also a solo artist.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ Between 1982 and 1989, Collins scored three UK and seven US number-one singles in his solo career.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ When his work with Genesis, his work with other artists, as well as his solo career is totalled, Collins had more US Top 40 singles than any other artist during the 1980s.", "Phil Collins __knowledge__ His most successful singles from the period include \"In the Air Tonight\", \"Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now)\", \"One More Night\", \"Sussudio\", \"Two Hearts\" and \"Another Day in Paradise\".", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ Justified is the debut solo studio album by American singer and songwriter Justin Timberlake.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ It was released on November 5, 2002, by Jive Records.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ The album was written and recorded in a six-week period, during the hiatus of the singer's band NSYNC.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ For the album, Timberlake began to adopt a more mature image as an R&B artist opposed to the previous pop music recorded by the group.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ Most of the album was produced by The Neptunes (credited as \"Williams and Hugo\" on the album.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances by Janet Jackson.", "Justified (album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Justified\" also contains influences of dance-pop, funk and soul music.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ Pink Floyd were an English rock band formed in London in 1965.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ They achieved international acclaim with their progressive and psychedelic music.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ Distinguished by their use of philosophical lyrics, sonic experimentation, extended compositions and elaborate live shows, they are one of the most commercially successful and influential groups in popular music history.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ Pink Floyd were founded by students Syd Barrett on guitar and lead vocals, Nick Mason on drums, Roger Waters on bass and vocals, and Richard Wright on keyboards and vocals.", "Pink Floyd __knowledge__ They gained popularity performing in London's underground music scene during the late 1960s and under Barrett's leadership released two charting singles and a successful debut album, \"The Piper at the Gates of Dawn\" (1967).", "Bruce Springsteen __knowledge__ Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949) is an American singer-songwriter, known for his work with the E Street Band.", "Bruce Springsteen __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"The Boss\", he is widely known for his brand of poetic lyrics, Americana, working class, sometimes political sentiments centered on his native New Jersey, his distinctive voice, and his lengthy and energetic stage performances—with concerts from the 1970s to the present decade running at up to four hours in length.", "Bruce Springsteen __knowledge__ Springsteen's recordings have included both commercially accessible rock albums and more somber folk-oriented works.", "Bruce Springsteen __knowledge__ His most successful studio albums, \"Born to Run\" (1975) and \"Born in the U.S.A.\" (1984) find pleasures in the struggles of daily American life." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Justin Randall Timberlake (born January 31, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter, actor and record producer.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Born and raised in Tennessee, he appeared on the television shows \"Star Search\" and \"The All-New Mickey Mouse Club\" as a child.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Timberlake rose to prominence as one of the two lead vocalists and youngest member of NSYNC, which eventually became one of the best-selling boy bands of all time.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Timberlake began to adopt a more mature image as an artist with the release of his debut solo album, the R&B-focused \"Justified\" (2002), which yielded the successful singles \"Cry Me a River\" and \"Rock Your Body\", and earned his first two Grammy Awards.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ His critically acclaimed second album \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" (2006), characterized by its diversity in music genres, debuted atop the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200 and produced the Hot 100 number-one singles \"SexyBack\", \"My Love\", and \"What Goes Around... Comes Around\".", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Established as a solo artist worldwide, his first two albums both exceeded sales of 10 million copies, and continued producing records and collaborating with other artists.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ From 2008 through 2012, Timberlake focused on his acting career, effectively putting his music career on hiatus; he held starring roles in the films \"The Social Network\", \"Bad Teacher\", \"Friends with Benefits\", and \"In Time\".", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ German Radio Intelligence Operation during World War II were signals intelligence operations that were undertaken by German Axis forces in Europe during World War II.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ In keeping with German signals practice since 1942, the term \"communication intelligence\" () had been used when intercept units were assigned to observe both enemy \"radio and wire\" communication.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ When the observation of only enemy \"radio\" communication was undertaken, the term \"radio intelligence\" ().", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ The term \"intercept service\" () was also used up until 1942.", "German Radio Intelligence Operations during World War II __knowledge__ Towards the end of World War II, about 12,000 troopers of the German Army were engaged in intercepting the radio traffic of an increasingly powerful adversary.", "Wilfred Bion __knowledge__ Wilfred Ruprecht Bion DSO (; 8 September 1897 – 8 November 1979) was an influential British psychoanalyst, who became president of the British Psychoanalytical Society from 1962 to 1965.", "Wilfred Bion __knowledge__ Wilfred Bion was a potent and original contributor to psychoanalysis.", "Wilfred Bion __knowledge__ He was one of the first to analyze patients in psychotic states using an unmodified analytic technique; he extended existing theories of projective processes and developed new conceptual tools.", "Wilfred Bion __knowledge__ The degree of collaboration between Hanna Segal, Wilfred Bion and Herbert Rosenfeld in their work with psychotic patients during the late 1950s, and their discussions with Melanie Klein at the time, means that it is not always possible to distinguish their exact individual contributions to the developing theory of splitting, projective identification, unconscious phantasy and the use of countertransference.", "Neocentromere __knowledge__ Neocentromeres are new centromeres that form at a place on the chromosome that is usually not centromeric.", "Neocentromere __knowledge__ They typically arise due to disruption of the normal centromere.", "Neocentromere __knowledge__ These neocentromeres should not be confused with “knobs”, which were also described as “neocentromeres” in maize in the 1950s.", "Neocentromere __knowledge__ Unlike most normal centromeres, neocentromeres do not contain satellite sequences that are highly repetitive but instead consist of unique sequences.", "Neocentromere __knowledge__ Despite this, most neocentromeres are still able to carry out the functions of normal centromeres in regulating chromosome segregation and inheritance.", "Neocentromere __knowledge__ This raises many questions on what is necessary versus what is sufficient for constituting a centromere.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ \"I'd Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred\" is a 1969 song by The Moody Blues, from their album \"To Our Children's Children's Children\", and written by Justin Hayward.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ The song is a short ballad with the theme of accomplishment and longevity.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ The realization of all that the narrator has accomplished makes it seem as if he has lived to be a hundred.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ The sequel to the song, \"I Never Thought I'd Live to be a Million\", which lasts only half a minute, has the same theme, except that the narrator has now reached a million years of age.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ This indicates that the narrator is God.", "I Never Thought I'd Live to Be a Hundred __knowledge__ Another Interpretation: \"I never thought I'd live to be a Hundred\" is about growing and maturing and being thankful for the opportunity to reach well beyond expectations, given very humble beginnings.", "Optical transfer function __knowledge__ The optical transfer function (OTF) of an optical system such as a camera, microscope, human eye, or projector specifies how different spatial frequencies are handled by the system.", "Optical transfer function __knowledge__ It is used by optical engineers to describe how the optics project light from the object or scene onto a photographic film, detector array, retina, screen, or simply the next item in the optical transmission chain.", "Optical transfer function __knowledge__ A variant, the modulation transfer function (MTF), neglects phase effects, but is equivalent to the OTF in many situations.", "Optical transfer function __knowledge__ Either transfer function specifies the response to a periodic sine-wave pattern passing through the lens system, as a function of its spatial frequency or period, and its orientation.", "Nathan Bedford Forrest __knowledge__ Nathan Bedford Forrest (July 13, 1821 – October 29, 1877), called Bedford Forrest in his lifetime, was a Confederate Army general during the American Civil War and an early leader of the Ku Klux Klan.", "Nathan Bedford Forrest __knowledge__ Before the war Forrest amassed a fortune as a planter, real estate investor, and slave trader.", "Nathan Bedford Forrest __knowledge__ He was one of the few officers on either side to enlist as a private and be promoted to general officer and corps commander during the war.", "Nathan Bedford Forrest __knowledge__ An expert cavalry leader, Forrest was given command of his own unit and established new doctrines for mobile forces, earning the nickname \"The Wizard of the Saddle\".", "The Cold War and the Income Tax __knowledge__ The Cold War and the Income Tax: A Protest is a book written by Edmund Wilson and published by Farrar, Straus in 1963.", "The Cold War and the Income Tax __knowledge__ Wilson was an American literary critic and author who followed the familiar political arc of being an idealistic communist sympathizer who came to be disillusioned and horrified the more closely he looked at the Soviet experiment.", "The Cold War and the Income Tax __knowledge__ “By 1940 when he finally published his epic history of socialism, \"To the Finland Station\", seven years in the making, he had completely repudiated Russian socialism.” His tax resistance was strangely half-hearted and muddled, but he devoted a book to it.", "Tony Harn __knowledge__ Tony Harn is an English musician.", "Tony Harn __knowledge__ A multi-instrumentalist (predominantly guitar but also bass guitar, synthesizers, organ, percussion, programming and is active within the north-west English progressive rock and avant-garde music scenes.", "Tony Harn __knowledge__ Harn's music features elements of rock, jazz, post-punk and experimental noise, but is generally highly melodic and noted for a precisely orchestrated, multi-layered style of playing.", "Tony Harn __knowledge__ He has released five solo instrumental albums, more recently moving towards loop music stylings.", "Tony Harn __knowledge__ As well as maintaining a solo career he is a member of Nerve Toy Trio and has previously been a member of Resindust, Lifebox and Spacematic.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A full sibling is a first-degree relative.", "Sibling __knowledge__ A male sibling is a brother, and a female sibling is a sister.", "Sibling __knowledge__ In most societies throughout the world, siblings often grow up together, thereby facilitating the development of strong emotional bonds.", "Sibling __knowledge__ The emotional bond between siblings is often complicated and is influenced by factors such as parental treatment, birth order, personality, and personal experiences outside the family.", "Sibling __knowledge__ However, there are cases where siblings grow up in separate homes, in different environments.", "Charlie Buckton __knowledge__ Charlotte \"Charlie\" Buckton is a fictional character from the Australian Channel Seven soap opera \"Home and Away\", played by Esther Anderson.", "Charlie Buckton __knowledge__ Anderson was added to the cast in a bid to add more \"sex appeal\" to the show.", "Charlie Buckton __knowledge__ She said it was her dream job and relocated to Sydney immediately to accommodate filming.", "Charlie Buckton __knowledge__ The character made her on-screen debut during the episode airing on 6 June 2008.", "Charlie Buckton __knowledge__ Charlie was billed as having a \"warm heart\" and being \"family oriented\"; however, her actions are often misunderstood and her persona has been perceived as \"brash\".", "Charlie Buckton __knowledge__ She is described as being \"passionate about her work\" and often neglects her daughter, Ruby's (Rebecca Breeds) needs.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Radio Rats __knowledge__ The Radio Rats are a South African rock group first formed in 1977 in Springs, Gauteng, by Jonathan Handley (lead guitar and background vocals), Dave Davies on lead vocals and Herbie Parkin on bass, with various drummers.", "Radio Rats __knowledge__ Leonard Dixon is remembered as the group's drummer during its most famous period.", "Radio Rats __knowledge__ \"The Rats\", as they are known colloquially, are notable for their 1979 hit, \"ZX Dan\".", "Radio Rats __knowledge__ In 1978, the group recorded a ten-song LP called \"Into the Night We Slide\".", "Radio Rats __knowledge__ The album immediately created a stir, in particular with its kick-off single, \"ZX Dan\", which peaked at no.", "Radio Rats __knowledge__ 2 on Johannesburg-based Radio 5 (now called \"5FM\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Justin Randall Timberlake (born January 31, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter, actor and record producer.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Born and raised in Tennessee, he appeared on the television shows \"Star Search\" and \"The All-New Mickey Mouse Club\" as a child.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ In the late 1990s, Timberlake rose to prominence as one of the two lead vocalists and youngest member of NSYNC, which eventually became one of the best-selling boy bands of all time.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Timberlake began to adopt a more mature image as an artist with the release of his debut solo album, the R&B-focused \"Justified\" (2002), which yielded the successful singles \"Cry Me a River\" and \"Rock Your Body\", and earned his first two Grammy Awards.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ His critically acclaimed second album \"FutureSex/LoveSounds\" (2006), characterized by its diversity in music genres, debuted atop the U.S. \"Billboard\" 200 and produced the Hot 100 number-one singles \"SexyBack\", \"My Love\", and \"What Goes Around... Comes Around\".", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ Established as a solo artist worldwide, his first two albums both exceeded sales of 10 million copies, and continued producing records and collaborating with other artists.", "Justin Timberlake __knowledge__ From 2008 through 2012, Timberlake focused on his acting career, effectively putting his music career on hiatus; he held starring roles in the films \"The Social Network\", \"Bad Teacher\", \"Friends with Benefits\", and \"In Time\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, and actress.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Born in McComb, Mississippi, and raised in Kentwood, Louisiana, she performed acting roles in stage productions and television shows as a child before signing with Jive Records in 1997.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Spears's first and second studio albums, \"...Baby One More Time\" (1999) and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" (2000), became international successes, with the former becoming the best-selling album by a teenage solo artist.", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ Title tracks \"...Baby One More Time\" and \"Oops!...", "Britney Spears __knowledge__ I Did It Again\" broke international sales records.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ Christina María Aguilera (born December 18, 1980) is an American singer, songwriter, actress and television personality.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ Born in Staten Island, New York and raised in Rochester and Wexford, Pennsylvania, she appeared on the television series \"Star Search\" and \"The Mickey Mouse Club\" in her early years.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ After recording \"Reflection\", the theme for Disney's 1998 film \"Mulan\", Aguilera signed with RCA Records.", "Christina Aguilera __knowledge__ She rose to prominence with her 1999 self-titled debut album that spawned the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one singles \"Genie in a Bottle\", \"What a Girl Wants\", and \"Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)\".", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ Christina Aguilera is the self-titled debut studio album by American singer Christina Aguilera.", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ It was released on August 24, 1999 by RCA Records.", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ After recording \"Reflection\", the theme song for \"Mulan\", RCA laid the foundation for the album immediately and started presenting Aguilera with tracks for her debut album, which they later decided would have a January 1999 release.", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ Its music incorporates dance-pop and teen pop genres, with a few songs featuring strong elements from soul and R&B.", "Christina Aguilera (album) __knowledge__ Contributions to the album's production came from a wide range of producers, including David Frank, Ron Fair, Guy Roche, Robin Thicke, Diane Warren, Matthew Wilder, and Aaron Zigman.", "MTV Video Music Award __knowledge__ An MTV Video Music Award (commonly abbreviated as a VMA) is an award presented by the cable channel MTV to honor the best in the music video medium.", "MTV Video Music Award __knowledge__ Originally conceived as an alternative to the Grammy Awards (in the video category), the annual MTV Video Music Awards ceremony has often been called the \"Super Bowl for youth\", an acknowledgment of the VMA ceremony's ability to draw millions of youth from teens to 20-somethings each year.", "MTV Video Music Award __knowledge__ By 2001, the VMA had become a coveted award.", "MTV Video Music Award __knowledge__ The statue given to winners is an astronaut on the moon, one of the earliest representations of MTV, and was colloquially called a \"moonman\".", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "All for You (Janet Jackson album) __knowledge__ All for You is the seventh studio album by American recording artist Janet Jackson.", "All for You (Janet Jackson album) __knowledge__ Released on April 24, 2001 by Virgin Records America, its development and theme was rooted in Jackson's separation from husband René Elizondo, Jr, experiencing dating for the first time.", "All for You (Janet Jackson album) __knowledge__ Unlike \"The Velvet Rope\", which saw Jackson tackling darker issues such as domestic violence and depression, \"All for You\" showcased an upbeat dance-pop sound, incorporating rock, disco, and funk, as well as soft rock and Oriental music.", "All for You (Janet Jackson album) __knowledge__ Its lyrics focus on passion, romance, and intercourse, also discussing themes of betrayal and deceit.", "The Mickey Mouse Club __knowledge__ The Mickey Mouse Club is an American variety television show that aired intermittently from 1955 to 1996 and returned in 2017 to social media.", "The Mickey Mouse Club __knowledge__ Created by Walt Disney and produced by Walt Disney Productions, the program was first televised in 1955 by ABC, featuring a regular but ever-changing cast of mostly teen performers.", "The Mickey Mouse Club __knowledge__ ABC broadcast reruns weekday afternoons during the 1958–1959 season, airing right after \"American Bandstand\".", "The Mickey Mouse Club __knowledge__ The show was revived after its initial 1955–1959 run on ABC, first from 1977–1979 for first-run syndication, again from 1989–1996 as The All-New Mickey Mouse Club (also known to fans as MMC from 1993–1996) airing exclusively on cable television's The Disney Channel, then rebooted in 2017 with the moniker Club Mickey Mouse airing exclusively on internet social media.", "Mickey Mouse __knowledge__ Mickey Mouse is a funny animal cartoon character and the mascot of The Walt Disney Company.", "Mickey Mouse __knowledge__ He was created by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks at the Walt Disney Studios in 1928.", "Mickey Mouse __knowledge__ An anthropomorphic mouse who typically wears red shorts, large yellow shoes, and white gloves, Mickey is one of the world's most recognizable characters.", "Mickey Mouse __knowledge__ Mickey first appeared in the short \"Plane Crazy\", debuting publicly in the short film \"Steamboat Willie\" (1928), one of the first sound cartoons.", "Mickey Mouse __knowledge__ He went on to appear in over 130 films, including \"The Band Concert\" (1935), \"Brave Little Tailor\" (1938), and \"Fantasia\" (1940).", "Mickey Mouse universe __knowledge__ The Mickey Mouse universe is a fictional shared universe which is the setting for stories involving Disney cartoon characters Mickey and Minnie Mouse, Pluto, Goofy, Donald Duck and many other characters.", "Mickey Mouse universe __knowledge__ The universe originated from the \"Mickey Mouse\" animated short films produced by Disney starting in 1928, but its first consistent version was created by Floyd Gottfredson in the \"Mickey Mouse\" newspaper comic strip.", "Mickey Mouse universe __knowledge__ Real-world versions also exist in Disneyland and Tokyo Disneyland, called Mickey's Toontown.", "Mickey Mouse universe __knowledge__ Since 1990, the actual city in which Mickey lives is typically called Mouseton, and is often depicted as the city next to Duckburg, the city in which Donald Duck lives (see Donald Duck universe).", "Tony Lucca __knowledge__ Anthony James Lucca (born January 23, 1976), is an American singer, songwriter, producer, and actor.", "Tony Lucca __knowledge__ He is perhaps best known for starting his career on \"The Mickey Mouse Club\".", "Tony Lucca __knowledge__ After the Mickey Mouse Club, Lucca went to Los Angeles, California, for a brief career as an actor, then became a full-time musician.", "Tony Lucca __knowledge__ He is a consistent touring artist and has toured with a multitude of acts, including Maroon 5, Kelly Clarkson, *NSYNC, Marc Anthony, Josh Hoge, Sara Bareilles, Matt Duke, Tyrone Wells, and the late Chris Whitley.", "Tony Lucca __knowledge__ He was the second runner-up on the second season (2012) of the American reality television singing competition talent show, \"The Voice\", broadcast on NBC.", "Matt Morris (musician) __knowledge__ Matthew David \"Matt\" Morris (born Matthew Burton Morris on May 9, 1979) is an American producer and songwriter.", "Matt Morris (musician) __knowledge__ He has released solo projects on Tennman/Interscope Records, but is best known for his work as a songwriter and producer for a variety of artists, including Joy Williams, Justin Timberlake, Christina Aguilera, Kelly Clarkson, Reba McEntire, Mary J. Blige, Sarah McLachlan, Kimbra, and Cher.", "Matt Morris (musician) __knowledge__ He achieved early fame when he appeared on The Disney Channel television series \"The All-New Mickey Mouse Club, A.K.A.", "Matt Morris (musician) __knowledge__ MMC\" in the early 1990s, where he was a cast member from 1991 to 1996 (Seasons 4–7)." ] ]

[ 3, 4, 2, 2, 7 ]

[ "Ugh, I know, hes such a dream doll especially when he was young and in the band NSYNC.", "I agree, I think he matured more, especially with the release of his solo album \"Justified\"", "Yes, people who are born and raised in Tennessee tend to be family oriented.", "Yes, and I grew up watching Justin Timberlake on the Mickey Mouse Club.", "I agree, Justin Timberlake even expanded into acting. I loved his role in \"Bad Teacher\"." ]

[ "Justin Timberlake", "Justin Timberlake", "Justin Timberlake", "Justin Timberlake", "Justin Timberlake" ]

[ "Painting\nOne of my favorite hobbies is painting", "Absolutely! I know lots of painting techniques.", "It's just a hobby of mine for now but I hope to be a famous painter one day like DaVinci", "I like abstract the most but I like symbolistic as well.", "I like them both really." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Painting __knowledge__ A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas.", "Painting __knowledge__ Examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery, to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other images of Eastern religious origin.", "Painting __knowledge__ In art, the term \"painting \"describes both the act and the result of the action.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A hobby is a regular activity that is done for enjoyment, typically during one's leisure time.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Hobbies can include collecting themed items and objects, engaging in creative and artistic pursuits, playing sports, or pursuing other amusements.", "Hobby __knowledge__ A list of hobbies is lengthy and always changing as interests and fashions change.", "Hobby __knowledge__ By continually participating in a particular hobby, one can acquire substantial skills and knowledge in that area.", "Hobby __knowledge__ Engagement in hobbies has increased since the late nineteenth century as workers have more leisure time and advancing production and technology have provided more support for leisure activities.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ João Frederico Limpo Franco Gil (born 24 March 1985), known as Fred Gil (), is a Portuguese professional tennis player, who currently competes in the ITF Men's Circuit.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ He is ranked no.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ 432 in the world by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), as of 10 April 2017.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ Gil made some Portuguese tennis major breakthroughs during his career.", "Fred Gil __knowledge__ At the 2010 Estoril Open, he was the first Portuguese to reach an ATP Tour final, and in April 2011, he achieved a career-high singles world ranking of 62 – the highest ever for a Portuguese player until he was surpassed by Rui Machado in September that same year.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ Mehnaz Begum (1950 – 19 January 2013) was a Pakistani singer, well known for her film appearances.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ She sang a variety of genres but specialized in ghazal, thumri, dadra, khayal, drupad and reciting salam, noha and marsiya.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ She was the daughter of celebrated sub-continental singer Kajjan Begum.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ and the famous government officer Abdullah Abdullah Tasnim, but when she realized fame, she changed her maiden name to Mehnaz.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ One of her most memorable works is Master Piece.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ Master Piece is a painting that Tasnim created when she was taking a drawing class in college.", "Mehnaz Begum __knowledge__ She was not married but some of her favorite hobbies included bird watching and admiring nature.", "Big Brother 5 (Albania) __knowledge__ Big Brother 5 (Albania) is the fifth season of the Albanian series of the worldwide franchise of Big Brother.", "Big Brother 5 (Albania) __knowledge__ It launched on Saturday, 18 February 2012, with fifteen housemates entering the house.", "Big Brother 5 (Albania) __knowledge__ The winner received the 15,000,000 Leks (€100,000) prize.", "Big Brother 5 (Albania) __knowledge__ The fifth season of Big Brother Albania aired on two cable and satellite channels 24 hours a day on the Digit-Alb TV network, as well as on two additional channels on DigitAlb Mobile.", "Big Brother 5 (Albania) __knowledge__ Daily reviews were shown Monday through Saturday on Top Channel.", "Big Brother 5 (Albania) __knowledge__ The eviction show aired on Saturdays at 21:00 CET, while a Sunday edition closed off the week.", "Big Brother 5 (Albania) __knowledge__ The main host is Arbana Osmani, while Albana Osmani hosted the Sunday morning spin-off called \"Big Brother Albania Fans' Club\", featuring dialogues with eliminated contestants and fans of the show.", "Robert Duvall __knowledge__ Robert Selden Duvall (; born January 5, 1931) is an American actor and filmmaker.", "Robert Duvall __knowledge__ He has been nominated for seven Academy Awards (winning for his performance in \"Tender Mercies\"), seven Golden Globes (winning four), and has multiple nominations and one win each of the BAFTA, Screen Actors Guild Award, and Emmy Award.", "Robert Duvall __knowledge__ He received the National Medal of Arts in 2005.", "Robert Duvall __knowledge__ Duvall has starred in numerous films and television series, including \"To Kill a Mockingbird\" (1962), \"The Twilight Zone\" (1963), \"The Outer Limits\" (1964), \"Bullitt\" (1968), \"True Grit\" (1969), \"MASH\" (1970), \"THX 1138\" (1971), \"Joe Kidd\" (1972), \"The Godfather\" (1972), \"The Godfather Part II\" (1974), \"The Conversation\" (1974), \"Network\" (1976), \"Apocalypse Now\" (1979), \"The Great Santini\" (1979), \"Lonesome Dove\" (1989), \"The Handmaid's Tale\" (1990), \"Rambling Rose\" (1991), and \"Falling Down\" (1993).", "TSR (company) __knowledge__ TSR, Inc. was an American game publishing company and the publisher of \"Dungeons & Dragons\" (\"D&D\").", "TSR (company) __knowledge__ When Gary Gygax could not find a publisher for \"D&D\", a new type of game he and Dave Arneson were co-developing, Gygax and Don Kaye founded Tactical Studies Rules in October, 1973, to self-publish their products.", "TSR (company) __knowledge__ However, needing immediate financing to bring their new game to market before several similar competing products were released, Gygax and Kaye brought in Brian Blume in December as an equal partner.", "TSR (company) __knowledge__ When Kaye unexpectedly died in 1975, the Tactical Studies Rules partnership restructured into TSR Hobbies, Inc. and accepted investment from Blume's father Melvin.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ List of characters appearing in the animated television series \"Drawn Together\".", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ All eight of the four main housemates have physically appeared in every episode and the movie.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ However, there have been certain episodes where some of them have had no lines of dialogue.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ Toot didn't speak in the episodes \"Foxxy VS the Board of Education\" and \"Nipple Ring-Ring Goes to Foster Care.\"", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ Clara and Xandir didn't speak in \"Breakfast Food Killer\" and Ling-Ling had no dialogue in the episodes \"Dirty Pranking No.", "List of Drawn Together characters __knowledge__ 2,\" \"A Tale of Two Cows,\" \"The Drawn Together Clip Show,\" \"Spelling Applebee's\" and \"Unrestrainable Trainable.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Painting __knowledge__ A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas.", "Painting __knowledge__ Examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery, to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other images of Eastern religious origin.", "Painting __knowledge__ In art, the term \"painting \"describes both the act and the result of the action.", "Jacques Maroger __knowledge__ Jacques Maroger (; 1884–1962) was a painter and the technical director of the Louvre Museum's laboratory in Paris.", "Jacques Maroger __knowledge__ He devoted his life to understanding the oil-based media of the Old Masters.", "Jacques Maroger __knowledge__ He emigrated to the United States in 1939 and became an influential teacher.", "Jacques Maroger __knowledge__ His book, \"The Secret Formulas and Techniques of the Masters\", has been criticized by some modern writers on painting who say that the painting medium Maroger promoted is unsound.", "Jacques Maroger __knowledge__ In 1907, Maroger began to study with Louis Anquetin and worked under his direction until Anquetin's death in 1932.", "Jacques Maroger __knowledge__ Anquetin worked closely and exhibited with the artists Vincent van Gogh, Charles Angrand, Émile Bernard, Paul Gauguin, Camille Pissarro, Georges Seurat, Paul Signac and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec.", "China painting __knowledge__ China painting, or porcelain painting, is the decoration of glazed porcelain objects such as plates, bowls, vases or statues.", "China painting __knowledge__ The body of the object may be hard-paste porcelain, developed in China in the 7th or 8th century, or soft-paste porcelain (often bone china), developed in 18th-century Europe.", "China painting __knowledge__ The broader term ceramic painting includes painted decoration on lead-glazed earthenware such as creamware or tin-glazed pottery such as maiolica or faience.", "China painting __knowledge__ Typically the body is first fired in a kiln to convert it into a hard porous bisque.", "China painting __knowledge__ Underglaze decoration may then be applied, followed by glaze, which is fired so it bonds to the body.", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "Chinese painting __knowledge__ Chinese painting is one of the oldest continuous artistic traditions in the world.", "Chinese painting __knowledge__ Painting in the traditional style is known today in Chinese as \"guóhuà\" (), meaning \"national\" or \"native painting\", as opposed to Western styles of art which became popular in China in the 20th century.", "Chinese painting __knowledge__ Traditional painting involves essentially the same techniques as calligraphy and is done with a brush dipped in black ink or coloured pigments; oils are not used.", "Chinese painting __knowledge__ As with calligraphy, the most popular materials on which paintings are made are paper and silk.", "Chinese painting __knowledge__ The finished work can be mounted on scrolls, such as hanging scrolls or handscrolls.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ Oil painting is the process of painting with pigments with a medium of drying oil as the binder.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ Commonly used drying oils include linseed oil, poppy seed oil, walnut oil, and safflower oil.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ The choice of oil imparts a range of properties to the oil paint, such as the amount of yellowing or drying time.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ Certain differences, depending on the oil, are also visible in the sheen of the paints.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ An artist might use several different oils in the same painting depending on specific pigments and effects desired.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ The paints themselves also develop a particular consistency depending on the medium.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ The oil may be boiled with a resin, such as pine resin or frankincense, to create a varnish prized for its body and gloss.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ Leonardo da Vinci's \"Mona Lisa\" is one of the most recognizable and famous works of art in the world, and also one of the most replicated and reinterpreted.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ \"Mona Lisa\" replicas were already being painted during Leonardo's lifetime by his own students and contemporaries.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ Some are claimed to be the work of Leonardo himself, and remain disputed by scholars.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ Prominent 20th-century artists such as Marcel Duchamp and Salvador Dalí have also produced derivative works, manipulating \"Mona Lisa\"'s image to suit their own aesthetic.", "Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations __knowledge__ Replicating Renaissance masterpieces continues to be a way for aspiring artists to perfect their painting techniques and prove their skills.", "Solid surface __knowledge__ Solid surface is a man-made material usually composed of a combination of Alumina Trihydrate (ATH), acrylic, epoxy or polyester resins and pigments.", "Solid surface __knowledge__ It is most frequently used for seamless countertop installations.", "Solid surface __knowledge__ Solid surface was first introduced by DuPont in 1967 under the name of Corian.", "Solid surface __knowledge__ Since the expiration of their patent, other manufacturers have also introduced their brands as well.", "Solid surface __knowledge__ Solid surface is a non-porous low-maintenance material used for surfaces such as countertops.", "Solid surface __knowledge__ It can mimic the appearance of granite, marble, stone, and other naturally occurring materials, and can be joined nearly invisibly by a trained craftsman.", "Sessile drop technique __knowledge__ The Sessile Drop Technique is a method used for the characterization of solid surface energies, and in some cases, aspects of liquid surface energies.", "Sessile drop technique __knowledge__ The main premise of the method is that by placing a droplet of liquid with a known surface energy, the shape of the drop, specifically the contact angle, and the known surface energy of the liquid are the parameters which can be used to calculate the surface energy of the solid sample.", "Sessile drop technique __knowledge__ The liquid used for such experiments is referred to as the probe liquid, and the use of several different probe liquids is required.", "Sessile drop technique __knowledge__ The surface energy is measured in units of Joules per area, which is equivalent in the case of liquids to surface tension, measured in newtons per meter.", "Wetting __knowledge__ Wetting is the ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface, resulting from intermolecular interactions when the two are brought together.", "Wetting __knowledge__ The degree of wetting (wettability) is determined by a force balance between adhesive and cohesive forces.", "Wetting __knowledge__ Wetting deals with the three phases of materials: gas, liquid, and solid.", "Wetting __knowledge__ It is now a center of attention in nanotechnology and nanoscience studies due to the advent of many nanomaterials in the past two decades (e.g.", "Wetting __knowledge__ graphene, carbon nanotube, boron nitride nanomesh).", "Wetting __knowledge__ Wetting is important in the bonding or adherence of two materials.", "Wetting __knowledge__ Wetting and the surface forces that control wetting are also responsible for other related effects, including capillary effects.", "Contact angle __knowledge__ The contact angle is the angle, conventionally measured through the liquid, where a liquid–vapor interface meets a solid surface.", "Contact angle __knowledge__ It quantifies the wettability of a solid surface by a liquid via the Young equation.", "Contact angle __knowledge__ A given system of solid, liquid, and vapor at a given temperature and pressure has a unique equilibrium contact angle.", "Contact angle __knowledge__ However, in practice contact angle hysteresis is observed, ranging from the so-called advancing (maximal) contact angle to the receding (minimal) contact angle.", "Contact angle __knowledge__ The equilibrium contact is within those values, and can be calculated from them.", "Contact angle __knowledge__ The equilibrium contact angle reflects the relative strength of the liquid, solid, and vapor molecular interaction.", "Polymer adsorption __knowledge__ Adsorption is the adhesion of ions or molecules onto the surface of another phase.", "Polymer adsorption __knowledge__ Adsorption may occur via physisorption and chemisorption.", "Polymer adsorption __knowledge__ Ions and molecules can adsorb to many types of surfaces including polymer surfaces.", "Polymer adsorption __knowledge__ A polymer is a large molecule composed of repeating subunits bound together by covalent bonds.", "Polymer adsorption __knowledge__ The adsorption of ions and molecules to polymer surfaces plays a role in many applications including: biomedical, structural, and coatings.", "Polymer adsorption __knowledge__ Polymer surfaces differ from non-polymer surfaces in that the subunits that make up the surface are covalently bonded to one another.", "Polymer adsorption __knowledge__ Non-polymer surfaces can be bound by ionic bonds, metallic bonds or intermolecular forces (IMFs).", "Polyelectrolyte adsorption __knowledge__ Adsorption of polyelectrolytes on solid substrates is a surface phenomenon where long-chained polymer molecules with charged groups (dubbed polyelectrolytes) bind to a surface that is charged in the opposite polarity.", "Polyelectrolyte adsorption __knowledge__ On the molecular level, the polymers do not actually bond to the surface, but tend to \"stick\" to the surface via intermolecular forces and the charges created by the dissociation of various side groups of the polymer.", "Polyelectrolyte adsorption __knowledge__ Because the polymer molecules are so long, they have a large amount of surface area with which to contact the surface and thus do not desorb as small molecules are likely to do." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Painting __knowledge__ A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas.", "Painting __knowledge__ Examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery, to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other images of Eastern religious origin.", "Painting __knowledge__ In art, the term \"painting \"describes both the act and the result of the action.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ Davinci Virtual, LLC is a multinational corporation that provides virtual call communication services, meeting rooms, and virtual office to businesses and independent entrepreneurs.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ Founded in 2006, Davinci Virtual has provided outsourced workplace strategy solutions to over 45,000 companies and entrepreneurs throughout the U.S., Canada, Europe, Central America, Asia and Australia.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ In June 2006, the company announced the launch of its Virtual Communications and Davinci Virtual Office Solutions.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ In December 2006, the company ran as Davinci International Inc.", "Davinci Virtual __knowledge__ The company didn't release financial data this year but the founder put current customers at more than 200 in Utah, and well more than 1,000 nationally.", "DAVINCI __knowledge__ DAVINCI (Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble gases, Chemistry, and Imaging) was a proposed mission concept for an atmospheric probe to Venus, losing out to Psyche and Lucy in the 2015 round of proposals for NASA's Discovery Program.", "DAVINCI __knowledge__ DAVINCI would study the chemical composition of Venus' atmosphere during descent.", "DAVINCI __knowledge__ The DAVINCI probe would travel through the Venus atmosphere, sampling the air, and returning measurements down to the surface.", "DAVINCI __knowledge__ These measurements are important to understanding the origin of the Venus atmosphere, how it has evolved, and how and why it is different from Earth and Mars.", "One Day Like This (song) __knowledge__ \"One Day Like This\" is the second single from Elbow's fourth studio album \"The Seldom Seen Kid\", released on 2 June 2008 on two 7\" vinyl records and one CD single.", "One Day Like This (song) __knowledge__ On 21 May 2009, the song won the Ivor Novello award for \"Best Song\".", "One Day Like This (song) __knowledge__ In October 2011, \"NME\" placed it at number 41 on its list of \"150 Best Tracks of the Past 15 Years\".", "One Day Like This (song) __knowledge__ After the 2012 Summer Olympics Closing Ceremony, the single peaked at #4 in the UK - a new high for the song and for the band.", "One Day Like This (song) __knowledge__ The chorus line lyric \"one day like this a year would see me right\" had been in singer Guy Garvey's diary for several years before the song was written.", "The Davinci Foundation for Animals __knowledge__ The Davinci Foundation for Animals (DFA) is a 501c3 non profit, that was inspired by a little dog named DaVinci.", "The Davinci Foundation for Animals __knowledge__ The foundation assists animals in need, both locally and globally.", "The Davinci Foundation for Animals __knowledge__ Their mission is to \"\"Create\" a better World for Animals, one city at a time\" \"So that one day we may live in a world with no more homeless pets.\"", "The Davinci Foundation for Animals __knowledge__ The Foundation is funded through donations and through the support of \"the arts\", which includes but is not limited to artists, authors, musicians and entertainers.", "The Davinci Foundation for Animals __knowledge__ The foundation is also the creator of \"DaVinci Artist/s\", a rescue movement which supports and inspires artists of all fields to \"support\" Rescue and Animal welfare though their work.", "DaVinci's War __knowledge__ Da Vinci's War is a 1992 direct to video action thriller film directed by Raymond Martino.", "DaVinci's War __knowledge__ The film was produced by and stars Joey Travolta.", "DaVinci's War __knowledge__ It also star Michael Nouri, best known for his role in Flashdance.", "DaVinci's War __knowledge__ The film's narrative revolves around former Vietnam War veteran Frank DaVinci (Travolta) attempting to find his sister and brother in law's killer with assistance from his fellow veterans and assassin China Smith (Nouri) only to become entangled in a trap concocted by corrupt CIA operatives.", "DaVinci's War __knowledge__ James Russo, Branscombe Richmond and Vanity appear in supporting roles.", "DaVinci's War __knowledge__ Brian Robbins also stars.", "DaVinci's War __knowledge__ The film opens with a couple later revealed as the protagonist's sister and brother in law undergoing a home invasion by a hitman named Mintz (James Russo).", "Texas Instruments DaVinci __knowledge__ The Texas Instruments DaVinci is a family of system on a chip processors that are primarily used in embedded video and vision applications.", "Texas Instruments DaVinci __knowledge__ Many of the processors in the family combine a DSP core based on the TMS320 C6000 VLIW DSP family and an ARM CPU core into a single system on chip.", "Texas Instruments DaVinci __knowledge__ By using both a general-purpose processor and a DSP, the control and media portions can both be executed by processors that excel at their respective tasks.", "Texas Instruments DaVinci __knowledge__ Later chips in the family included DSP only and ARM only processors.", "Texas Instruments DaVinci __knowledge__ All the later chips integrate several accelerators to offload commodity application specific processing from the processor cores to dedicated accelerators.", "Berryville, Virginia __knowledge__ Berryville is an incorporated town in and the county seat of Clarke County, Virginia, United States.", "Berryville, Virginia __knowledge__ The population was 4,185 at the 2010 census, up from 2,963 at the 2000 census.", "Berryville, Virginia __knowledge__ Berryville was founded at the intersection of the Winchester Turnpike and Charlestown Road.", "Berryville, Virginia __knowledge__ The land was first granted by the Crown to Captain Isaac Pennington in 1734, and George Washington surveyed it on October 23, 1750.", "Berryville, Virginia __knowledge__ In 1754 Pennington sold it to Colonel John Hite.", "Berryville, Virginia __knowledge__ According to legend, Daniel Morgan would engage in combat with young toughs at the intersection, having first piled large stones nearby to use as ammunition in case of need.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care is a non-profit organization dedicated to knowledge dissemination and education that focuses on improving the quality of lives of seniors living with dementia by using the visual and performing arts.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ Founded in 2004, the head office is in Vancouver, BC, Canada.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ In 2007, an affiliate chapter was created in Perth, Australia.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ The Society organizes annual conferences on Creative Expression, Communication and Dementia, commonly referred to as CECD Conferences.", "The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care __knowledge__ The Society for the Arts in Dementia Care is built on the premise that people living with dementia have the right to dignity, to be heard and to be valued.", "Yab Moung Records __knowledge__ Yab Moung Records Official website Yab Moung Records was established in 2012 and was Cambodia’s first alternative music label.", "Yab Moung Records __knowledge__ Yab Moung was founded by Myles Hallin (Myley Rattle) and Tom Reichelt in collaboration with several Khmer punk and metal bands, namely: Sliten6ix; The ANTIfate and No Forever.", "Yab Moung Records __knowledge__ When Tom Reichelt left in 2014, Timon Siebel & Samphors Un, two long time supporters, became major shareholders.", "Yab Moung Records __knowledge__ The label is currently run collectively by a group of dedicated shareholders with various roles within the organisation.", "Yab Moung Records __knowledge__ Yab Moung Records has a studio which is located in the Kandal Province, just outside of Phnom Penh, which is run by a collective of, predominantly Khmer, musicians and artists.", "Creativity __knowledge__ Creativity is a phenomenon whereby something new and somehow valuable is formed.", "Creativity __knowledge__ The created item may be intangible (such as an idea, a scientific theory, a musical composition, or a joke) or a physical object (such as an invention, a literary work, or a painting).", "Creativity __knowledge__ Scholarly interest in creativity involves many definitions and concepts pertaining to a number of disciplines: engineering, psychology, cognitive science, education, philosophy (particularly philosophy of science), technology, theology, sociology, linguistics, business studies, songwriting, and economics, covering the relations between creativity and general intelligence, mental and neurological processes, personality type and creative ability, creativity and mental health; the potential for fostering creativity through education and training, especially as augmented by technology; the maximization of creativity for national economic benefit, and the application of creative resources to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning.", "Expressive therapy __knowledge__ Expressive therapy, also known as the expressive therapies, expressive arts therapy or creative arts therapy, is the use of the creative arts as a form of therapy.", "Expressive therapy __knowledge__ Unlike traditional art expression, the process of creation is emphasized rather than the final product.", "Expressive therapy __knowledge__ Expressive therapy is predicated on the assumption that people can heal through use of imagination and the various forms of creative expression.", "Expressive therapy __knowledge__ Expressive therapy is an umbrella term.", "Expressive therapy __knowledge__ Some common types of expressive therapy include: Horticultural therapy is often not listed with other expressive therapies; it is not universally considered a form of expressive therapy or creative arts therapy.", "Clay Shirky __knowledge__ Clay Shirky (born 1964) is an American writer, consultant and teacher on the social and economic effects of Internet technologies and journalism.", "Clay Shirky __knowledge__ He has a joint appointment at New York University (NYU) as a Distinguished Writer in Residence at the Arthur L. Carter Journalism Institute and Assistant Arts Professor in the New Media focused graduate Interactive Telecommunications Program (ITP).", "Clay Shirky __knowledge__ His courses address, among other things, the interrelated effects of the topology of social networks and technological networks, how our networks shape culture and vice versa.", "Clay Shirky __knowledge__ He has written and been interviewed about the Internet since 1996.", "Freedom of Expression (book) __knowledge__ Freedom of Expression® is a book written by Kembrew McLeod about freedom of speech issues involving concepts of intellectual property.", "Freedom of Expression (book) __knowledge__ The book was first published in 2005 by Doubleday as \"Freedom of Expression®: Overzealous Copyright Bozos and Other Enemies of Creativity\", and in 2007 by University of Minnesota Press as \"Freedom of Expression®: Resistance and Repression in the Age of Intellectual Property\".", "Freedom of Expression (book) __knowledge__ The paperback edition includes a foreword by Lawrence Lessig.", "Freedom of Expression (book) __knowledge__ The author recounts a history of the use of counter-cultural artistry, illegal art, and the use of copyrighted works in art as a form of fair use and creative expression.", "The Life of Pablo __knowledge__ The Life of Pablo is the seventh studio album by American rapper Kanye West.", "The Life of Pablo __knowledge__ It was released on February 14, 2016, by GOOD Music and Def Jam Recordings.", "The Life of Pablo __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2013 to 2016, in Italy, Mexico, Canada and the United States.", "The Life of Pablo __knowledge__ Record production on the album was handled by West and a variety of producers, including Mike Dean, Noah Goldstein, Metro Boomin, Rick Rubin, Hudson Mohawke.", "The Life of Pablo __knowledge__ He also enlisted a wide array of guest vocalists, including The Weeknd, Ty Dolla Sign, Desiigner, Kid Cudi, The-Dream, Chance the Rapper, Rihanna, Sampha, Post Malone, Kendrick Lamar and Frank Ocean." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Painting __knowledge__ A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas.", "Painting __knowledge__ Examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery, to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other images of Eastern religious origin.", "Painting __knowledge__ In art, the term \"painting \"describes both the act and the result of the action.", "Sk Makbul Islam __knowledge__ Sk Makbul Islam (born 1 June 1967, Godi, Bagnan, Howrah district) is an Indian scholar and folklorist.", "Sk Makbul Islam __knowledge__ He schooled from St. Paul's School in Calcutta (1984), Sanskrit Collegiate School (1986) and Scottish Church College (1989) in Calcutta.", "Sk Makbul Islam __knowledge__ In 1991, he graduated from the Calcutta University, where he majored in Bengali Literature and later in 1997 defended his PhD Thesis (\"Comparative study of Bengali-Odiya Proverb\" »).", "Sk Makbul Islam __knowledge__ In 2008–2011, he took a course in Indian Classical Music, Folk Songs and Tagore Song (Rabindra Sangeet) at the Bangiya Sangeet Parishad (an Academy of Music, Dance and Painting) in Howrah.", "Relationship between avant-garde art and American pop culture __knowledge__ Avant-garde art and American pop culture have had an intriguing relationship from the time of the art form's inception in America to the current day.", "Relationship between avant-garde art and American pop culture __knowledge__ The art form, which began in the early half of the nineteenth century in Europe, started to rise slowly in America under the guise of Dadaism in 1915.", "Relationship between avant-garde art and American pop culture __knowledge__ While originally formed under a group of artists in New York City who wanted to counter pop culture with their art, music, and literature the art form began to grow into prominence with American pop culture due to a variety of factors between the 1940s to the 1970s.", "Relationship between avant-garde art and American pop culture __knowledge__ However, from many factors that arose in the late 1970s, avant-garde began to both lessen in prominence and began to blend with the pop culture to the point in which most art critics considered the art form extinct.", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "Turing machine __knowledge__ A Turing machine is a mathematical model of computation that defines an abstract machine, which manipulates symbols on a strip of tape according to a table of rules.", "Turing machine __knowledge__ Despite the model's simplicity, given any computer algorithm, a Turing machine capable of simulating that algorithm's logic can be constructed.", "Turing machine __knowledge__ The machine operates on an infinite memory tape divided into discrete \"cells\".", "Turing machine __knowledge__ The machine positions its \"head\" over a cell and \"reads\" (scans) the symbol there.", "Turing machine __knowledge__ Then, as per the symbol and its present place in a \"finite table\" of user-specified instructions, the machine (i) writes a symbol (e.g., a digit or a letter from a finite alphabet) in the cell (some models allowing symbol erasure or no writing), then (ii) either moves the tape one cell left or right (some models allow no motion, some models move the head), then (iii) (as determined by the observed symbol and the machine's place in the table) either proceeds to a subsequent instruction or halts the computation.", "20th-century Western painting __knowledge__ 20th-century Western painting begins with the heritage of late-19th-century painters Vincent van Gogh, Paul Cézanne, Paul Gauguin, Georges Seurat and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and others who were essential for the development of modern art.", "20th-century Western painting __knowledge__ At the beginning of the 20th century, Henri Matisse and several other young artists including the pre-cubist Georges Braque, André Derain, Raoul Dufy and Maurice de Vlaminck revolutionized the Paris art world with \"wild\", multi-colored, expressive landscapes and figure paintings that the critics called Fauvism.", "20th-century Western painting __knowledge__ Matisse's second version of \"The Dance\" signified a key point in his career and in the development of modern painting.", "Reflections on the Revolution in France __knowledge__ Reflections on the Revolution in France is a political pamphlet written by the British statesman Edmund Burke and published in November 1790.", "Reflections on the Revolution in France __knowledge__ One of the best-known intellectual attacks against the French Revolution, \"Reflections\" is a defining tract of modern conservatism as well as an important contribution to international theory.", "Reflections on the Revolution in France __knowledge__ Above all else, it has been one of the defining efforts of Edmund Burke's transformation of \"traditionalism into a self-conscious and fully conceived political philosophy of conservatism\".", "Reflections on the Revolution in France __knowledge__ The pamphlet has not been easy to classify.", "Reflections on the Revolution in France __knowledge__ Before seeing this work as a pamphlet, we should note that Burke wrote in the mode of a letter, invoking expectations of openness and selectivity that added a layer of meaning.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Western painting __knowledge__ The history of Western painting represents a continuous, though disrupted, tradition from antiquity until the present time.", "Western painting __knowledge__ Until the mid-19th century it was primarily concerned with representational and Classical modes of production, after which time more modern, abstract and conceptual forms gained favor.", "Western painting __knowledge__ Developments in Western painting historically parallel those in Eastern painting, in general a few centuries later.", "Western painting __knowledge__ African art, Islamic art, Indian art, Chinese art, and Japanese art each had a significant influence on Western art, and, eventually, vice versa.", "Western painting __knowledge__ Initially serving imperial, private, civic, and religious patronage, Western painting later found audiences in the aristocracy and the middle class.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Visual arts in Israel refers to plastic art created in the Land of Israel/Palestine region, from the later part of the 19th century until today, or art created by Israeli artists.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Visual art in Israel encompasses a wide spectrum of techniques, styles and themes reflecting a dialogue with Jewish art throughout the ages and attempts to formulate a national identity.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Early art in the Land of Israel was mainly decorative art of a religious nature (primarily Jewish or Christian), produced for religious pilgrims, but also for export and local consumption.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ These objects included decorated tablets, embossed soaps, rubber stamps, etc., most of which were decorated with motifs from graphic arts.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The psychology of art is an interdisciplinary field that studies the perception, cognition and characteristics of art and its production.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ For the use of art materials as a form of psychotherapy, see art therapy.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The psychology of art is related to architectural psychology and environmental psychology.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ The work of Theodor Lipps, a Munich-based research psychologist, played an important role in the early development of the concept of \"art psychology\" in the early decade of the twentieth century.", "Psychology of art __knowledge__ His most important contribution in this respect was his attempt to theorize the question of Einfuehlung or \"empathy\", a term that was to become a key element in many subsequent theories of \"art psychology\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base).", "Painting __knowledge__ The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush, but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and airbrushes, can be used.", "Painting __knowledge__ Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous.", "Painting __knowledge__ Drawing, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (as in narrative art), or abstraction (as in abstract art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.", "Painting __knowledge__ Paintings can be naturalistic and representational (as in a still life or landscape painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (as in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).", "Painting __knowledge__ A portion of the history of painting in both Eastern and Western art is dominated by spiritual motifs and ideas.", "Painting __knowledge__ Examples of this kind of painting range from artwork depicting mythological figures on pottery, to Biblical scenes rendered on the interior walls and ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, to scenes from the life of Buddha or other images of Eastern religious origin.", "Painting __knowledge__ In art, the term \"painting \"describes both the act and the result of the action.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a song recorded by American singer Janet Jackson for to the 2000 film \"\".", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was released as a single in May 21, 2000, after an unfinished version leaked to radio.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ \"Doesn't Really Matter\" is a contemporary R&B and electropop song which speaks about loving a person for who they are and disregarding their physical appearance.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ It was based on an incomplete poem Jackson had written, which was later applied to her character in the film.", "Doesn't Really Matter __knowledge__ The song was a contrast from the bleak tone of prior album \"The Velvet Rope\" (1997), returning to a brighter and more contemporary sound.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ \"Nothing Really Matters\" is a song recorded by American singer Madonna for her seventh studio album, \"Ray of Light\" (1998).", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ It was written by Madonna and Patrick Leonard, and was produced by the singer with William Orbit and Marius De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ The song was released as the fifth and final single from the album on March 2, 1999 by Maverick Records and Warner Bros. Records.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ An EDM track on which Madonna experiments with different musical genres, \"Nothing Really Matters\" includes ambient music and electronic noise frequencies that were added by De Vries.", "Nothing Really Matters __knowledge__ Lyrically, the recording delves on the singer's first daughter Lourdes Leon, having also themes of selfishness, affection, and motherhood.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" is a song written by Ray Davies for English rock band the Kinks.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ The song, originally performed in a more blues-oriented style, was inspired by artists such as Lead Belly and Big Bill Broonzy.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Two versions of the song were recorded, with the second performance being used for the final single.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ Although it was rumoured that future Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page had performed the song's guitar solo, the myth has since been proven false.", "You Really Got Me __knowledge__ \"You Really Got Me\" was built around power chords (perfect fifths and octaves) and heavily influenced later rock musicians, particularly in the genres of heavy metal and punk rock.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ The Organ was a Canadian post-punk band formed in 2001 in Vancouver, British Columbia.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ They officially broke up on December 7, 2006, due to illness and personal conflicts in the band.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ The Organ were conceived in 2001 by frontwoman Katie Sketch, born Katie Ritchie, in Vancouver, BC.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ Sketch's musical training started at the age of three, when she began classical training on the violin.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ Her childhood was spent largely in ignorance of the underground sounds of The Smiths, The Cure, and Joy Division, whom The Organ would later often be favorably compared to.", "The Organ (band) __knowledge__ \"Tiffany and Bon Jovi – that was my take on ’80s music.\"", "Underground Luxury __knowledge__ Underground Luxury is the third studio album by American hip hop recording artist B.o.B.", "Underground Luxury __knowledge__ The album was released on December 17, 2013, by Grand Hustle Records, Rebel Rock Entertainment and Atlantic Records.", "Underground Luxury __knowledge__ The album was supported by five singles \"We Still in This Bitch\", \"HeadBand\", \"Ready\", \"John Doe\" and \"Throwback\".", "Underground Luxury __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Future, 2 Chainz, T.I., Juicy J, Priscilla Renea, Ester Dean and Chris Brown among others.", "Underground Luxury __knowledge__ \"Underground Luxury\" received generally mixed reviews from music critics.", "Underground Luxury __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 22 on the \"Billboard\" 200 chart, selling 35,000 copies in its first week of release.", "Christian culture __knowledge__ Christian culture is the cultural practices common to Christianity.", "Christian culture __knowledge__ With the rapid expansion of Christianity to Europe, Syria, Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Egypt, Ethiopia, and India and by the end of the 4th century it had also become the official state church of the Roman Empire.", "Christian culture __knowledge__ Christian culture has influenced and assimilated much from the Greco-Roman Byzantine, Western culture, Middle Eastern, Slavic, Caucasian, and possibly from Indian.", "Christian culture __knowledge__ Western culture, throughout most of its history, has been nearly equivalent to Christian culture, and many of the population of the Western hemisphere could broadly be described as cultural Christians.", "History of painting __knowledge__ The history of painting reaches back in time to artifacts from pre-historic humans, and spans all cultures.", "History of painting __knowledge__ It represents a continuous, though periodically disrupted, tradition from Antiquity.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Across cultures, and spanning continents and millennia, the history of painting is an ongoing river of creativity, that continues into the 21st century.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Until the early 20th century it relied primarily on representational, religious and classical motifs, after which time more purely abstract and conceptual approaches gained favor.", "History of painting __knowledge__ Developments in Eastern painting historically parallel those in Western painting, in general, a few centuries earlier.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ The role of Christianity in civilization has been intricately intertwined with the history and formation of Western society.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ Throughout its long history, the Christian Church has been a major source of social services like schooling and medical care; inspiration for art, culture and philosophy; and influential player in politics and religion.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ In various ways it has sought to affect Western attitudes to vice and virtue in diverse fields.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ It has, over many centuries, promulgated the teachings of Jesus within the Western world as well as throughout other nations.", "Role of Christianity in civilization __knowledge__ Festivals like Easter and Christmas are marked as public holidays; the Gregorian Calendar has been adopted internationally as the civil calendar; and the calendar itself is measured from the date of Jesus's birth.", "Amon Carter Museum of American Art __knowledge__ The Amon Carter Museum of American Art (ACMAA) is located in Fort Worth, Texas, in the city's cultural district.", "Amon Carter Museum of American Art __knowledge__ The museum's permanent collection features paintings, photography, sculpture, and works on paper by leading artists working in the United States and its North American territories in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.", "Amon Carter Museum of American Art __knowledge__ The greatest concentration of works falls into the period from the 1820s through the 1940s.", "Amon Carter Museum of American Art __knowledge__ Photographs, prints, and other works on paper produced up to the present day are also an area of strength in the museum's holdings.", "Amon Carter Museum of American Art __knowledge__ The collection is particularly focused on portrayals of the Old West by Frederic Remington and Charles M. Russell, artworks depicting nineteenth-century exploration and settlement of the North American continent, and masterworks that are emblematic of major turning points in American art history.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.", "Music __knowledge__ The common elements of music are pitch (which governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics (loudness and softness), and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture (which are sometimes termed the \"color\" of a musical sound).", "Music __knowledge__ Different styles or types of music may emphasize, de-emphasize or omit some of these elements.", "Music __knowledge__ Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping; there are solely instrumental pieces, solely vocal pieces (such as songs without instrumental accompaniment) and pieces that combine singing and instruments.", "Western Art Week __knowledge__ Western Art Week is an annual visual arts festival held in the city of Great Falls, Montana, every March.", "Western Art Week __knowledge__ The focus of the festival is Western art, and the festival is always held the same week as the March 19th birthday of noted Western artist Charles Marion Russell.", "Western Art Week __knowledge__ Various events are held during Western Art Week, including the C.M.", "Western Art Week __knowledge__ Russell Museum's \"The Russell\" art sale, the Western Heritage Artists Association Art Show, the Jay Contway and Friends Art Show, March in Montana (an art show and auction presented by the Coeur d'Alene Art Auction and Manitou Galleries), a Montana version of the Wild Bunch Art Show, and the Western Masters Art Show.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ C.M.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ Russell Museum Complex is an art museum located in the city of Great Falls, Montana, in the United States.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ The museum's primary function is to display the artwork of Great Falls \"cowboy artist\" Charles Marion Russell, for whom the museum is named.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ The museum also displays illustrated letters by Russell, work materials used by him, and other items which help visitors understand the life and working habits of Russell.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ In addition, the museum displays original 19th, 20th, and 21st century art depicting the American Old West and the flora, fauna, and landscapes of the American West.", "C. M. Russell Museum Complex __knowledge__ In 2009, the \"Wall Street Journal\" called the institution \"one of America's premier Western art museums.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 ]

[ "So you must be familiar with the practice of applying paint to a solid surface?", "Is it your job or just a mode of creative expression in your free time?", "Well you might be! So what kind of art do you draw? Abstract, narrative or symbolistic?", "I personally like both Eastern and Western art. Do you have a preference?", "I see, I go to museums to see artwork depicting mythological figures!" ]

[ "Painting", "Painting", "Painting", "Painting", "Painting" ]

[ "Cooking\nDo you like to cook?", "What is your favorite dish?", "I never had pizza done Italian style, only American. Have you tasted American pizza?", "Yes we do, what other dish do you love to make?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Alastair Nathan Cook, (born 25 December 1984) is an English cricketer.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ A former captain of the England Test and One Day International (ODI) teams, he holds a number of English and international records.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is regarded as one of the greatest batsmen ever to play for England, and is one of the most prolific batsmen of the modern era.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook is England’s most-capped player and has captained the team in an English record 59 Tests and 69 ODIs.", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ He is the leading run-scorer in Test matches for England, and the youngest player to complete 12,000 Test runs (the 6th overall and the only Englishman).", "Alastair Cook __knowledge__ Cook has scored a record 32 Test centuries for England and is the first England player to take part in 50 Test victories.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Captain James Cook (7 November 172814 February 1779) was a British explorer, navigator, cartographer, and captain in the Royal Navy.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Cook made detailed maps of Newfoundland prior to making three voyages to the Pacific Ocean, during which he achieved the first recorded European contact with the eastern coastline of Australia and the Hawaiian Islands, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.", "James Cook __knowledge__ Cook joined the British merchant navy as a teenager and joined the Royal Navy in 1755.", "James Cook __knowledge__ He saw action in the Seven Years' War, and subsequently surveyed and mapped much of the entrance to the Saint Lawrence River during the siege of Quebec.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ James Cook, known as Cook, to his friends, is a fictional character in the British teen drama \"Skins\".", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ He is portrayed by Jack O'Connell.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ In the third series his true emotions are explored and it is revealed that his womanising violent lifestyle is in fact a smoke screen to cover up his real emotions.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ His actions often cause trouble and create havoc, affecting those around him.", "James Cook (Skins) __knowledge__ However, in the fourth series he begins to change his ways after a conversation with his solicitor and when he begins to realise the consequences of his actions, most notably witnessing his younger brother beginning to follow in his footsteps.", "Peter Cook __knowledge__ Peter Edward Cook (17 November 1937 – 9 January 1995) was an English actor, satirist, writer and comedian.", "Peter Cook __knowledge__ Cook is widely regarded as the leading light of the British satire boom of the 1960s.", "Peter Cook __knowledge__ He was closely associated with the anti-establishment comedy that emerged in the United Kingdom and United States in the late 1950s.", "Peter Cook __knowledge__ Called \"the father of modern satire\" by \"The Guardian\", in 2005, Cook was ranked number one in the \"Comedians' Comedian\", a poll of over 300 comics, comedy writers, producers, and directors throughout the English-speaking world.", "Peter Cook __knowledge__ Cook was born at his parents' house, \"Shearbridge\", in Middle Warberry Road, Torquay, Devon.", "Representative history of the Ohio House of Representatives __knowledge__ The electoral history of each district in the Ohio House of Representatives can be traced from 1966 to the present.", "Representative history of the Ohio House of Representatives __knowledge__ Originally, In 1903, at the urging of U.S.", "Representative history of the Ohio House of Representatives __knowledge__ Senator Mark Hanna, who led the state's politically dominant Republican political machine, Ohio voters amended the state constitution to award each county one representative.", "Representative history of the Ohio House of Representatives __knowledge__ The remaining representatives were apportioned to the counties on the basis of population.", "Representative history of the Ohio House of Representatives __knowledge__ This provision later became known as the \"Hanna amendment\".", "Representative history of the Ohio House of Representatives __knowledge__ In June 1964, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in \"Reynolds v. Sims\", 377 U.S. 533 (1964) that state legislature districts had to be roughly equal in population.", "John Call Cook __knowledge__ John Call Cook, PhD (April 7, 1918 – October 12, 2012) was an American geophysicist who played a crucial role in establishing the field of ground-penetrating radar and is generally regarded as contributing the fundamental research to develop the field.", "John Call Cook __knowledge__ Cook is also known for demonstrating that aerial surveys can map surface radioactivity to enable much more efficient prospecting for uranium ore, for inventing electrostatic detection of hazardous ice crevasses, and for developing other novel techniques in remote sensing.", "John Call Cook __knowledge__ During most of his professional career, Cook specialized in the techniques of remote sensing and the detection of underground objects.", "David Cook (singer) __knowledge__ David Roland Cook (born December 20, 1982) is an American rock singer-songwriter, who rose to fame after winning the seventh season of \"American Idol\" in 2008.", "David Cook (singer) __knowledge__ Prior to \"Idol\" he released an independent album entitled \"Analog Heart\".", "David Cook (singer) __knowledge__ This was followed by his post-\"Idol\" major-label debut \"David Cook\" which was released on November 18, 2008 and has since been certified platinum by the RIAA.", "David Cook (singer) __knowledge__ His second major album \"This Loud Morning\" was released on June 28, 2011.", "David Cook (singer) __knowledge__ His third post American Idol and fourth overall studio album \"Digital Vein\" was released on September 18, 2015.", "David Cook (singer) __knowledge__ Cook was born in Houston, Texas and raised in Blue Springs, Missouri." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ A Punjabi dhaba is a roadside restaurant or cafe in either India or Pakistan featuring Punjabi cuisine.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ These are found on highways and on the outskirts of cities, towns, and villages.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ Dhaba is the name given to roadside restaurants in India.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ They are situated on highways and generally serve local cuisine, and also serve as truck stops.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ They are most commonly found next to petrol stations, and most are open 24 hours a day.", "Punjabi dhaba __knowledge__ Since many Indian truck drivers are of Punjabi descent, and Punjabi food and music is quite popular throughout India, the word \"dhaba\" has come to represent any restaurant that serves Punjabi food, especially the heavily spiced and fried Punjabi fare preferred by many truck drivers.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato (\"Ipomoea batatas\") is a dicotyledonous plant that belongs to the bindweed or morning glory family, Convolvulaceae.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ Its large, starchy, sweet-tasting, tuberous roots are a root vegetable.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The young leaves and shoots are sometimes eaten as greens.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The sweet potato is only distantly related to the potato (\"Solanum tuberosum\") and does not belong to the nightshade family, Solanaceae, but both families belong to the same taxonomic order, the Solanales.", "Sweet potato __knowledge__ The plant is a herbaceous perennial vine, bearing alternate heart-shaped or palmately lobed leaves and medium-sized sympetalous flowers.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ Country Captain is a curried chicken and rice dish, which is popular in the Southern United States.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ It was introduced to the U.S. through Charleston, Savannah, New York and Philadelphia, but has origins in India.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ The dish was once included in the United States military Meal, Ready-to-Eat packs, in honor of it being a favorite dish of George S. Patton.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ It has also appeared on television shows in both the United States and in the United Kingdom, with chefs Bobby Flay, Atul Kochhar and Cyrus Todiwala all cooking the dish.", "Country Captain __knowledge__ Todiwala served his version to Queen Elizabeth II as part of her Diamond Jubilee celebrations.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ \"Chuck Versus the Nemesis\" is the tenth episode of \"Chuck\"'s first season.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ It aired on November 26, 2007.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Chuck is forced to confront his former college roommate and the man who ruined his life when Bryce Larkin is discovered alive.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Bryce Larkin (Matthew Bomer) is undergoing examination in a CIA detention facility while Casey and Sarah look on.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ However, he refuses to speak with anyone but Chuck.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Chuck is at work, still trying to get in touch with Sarah since their kiss in the previous episode.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Sarah arrives to bring him in before they can discuss what happened between them.", "Chuck Versus the Nemesis __knowledge__ Chuck is shocked to learn Bryce is alive and wants to see him.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ Dish Network (often stylized as DISH Network, or just simply DISH) is an American-based direct-broadcast satellite service provider.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company provides satellite television, audio programming, and interactive television services to commercial and residential customers in the United States.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ , the company provided services to 13.7 million television and 580,000 broadband subscribers.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company has approximately 16,000 employees.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Meridian, Colorado, though the postal designation of nearby Englewood, Colorado is used in the corporate mailing.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ In January 2008, Dish Network was spun off from its former parent company EchoStar, which was founded by Charlie Ergen as a satellite television equipment distributor in 1980.", "MasterChef Korea Celebrity __knowledge__ MasterChef Korea Celebrity () is a South Korean competitive cooking game show.", "MasterChef Korea Celebrity __knowledge__ It is spin-off of \"MasterChef Korea\", itself an adaptation of the British show \"MasterChef\", and features celebrity contestants.", "MasterChef Korea Celebrity __knowledge__ The program was broadcast on O'live from February 22 to April 12, 2013 for 8 episodes.", "MasterChef Korea Celebrity __knowledge__ The last winner received ₩100,000,000 and a refrigerator of the sponsor as prize.", "MasterChef Korea Celebrity __knowledge__ For 60 minutes, make a most confident dish using all skills to show the passion in cooking.", "MasterChef Korea Celebrity __knowledge__ The winner could choose the main mission's theme ingredient first and could distribute its to other contestants.", "MasterChef Korea Celebrity __knowledge__ For 60 minutes, make dish using the kind of noodles distributed by the mystery box's winner, who was safe from elimination and did not compete in this mission: Dang-myeon (Son Ho-young), Pasta (Lee Gye-in, Shin Eun-jung), Memil-myeon (Hwayobi, Henry), Ssal-guksu-myeon (Shin Bong-sun, Jiyul), So-myeon (Seo Hye-jeong, Kim Sung-soo), Kal-guksu-myeon (Tony An) For 60 minutes, make exactly anything that chef Kang Leo has made after observing his cooking process and tasting his dish.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ In the early 2000s, Dish Network received criticism regarding controversial technology and carriage disputes with programming providers.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ Most notably, when the Hopper digital video recorder provided an easy way for viewers to watch certain programming without commercials, major networks sued Dish Network.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ Dish Network's Hopper digital video recorder, announced in January 2012, led to controversy over a feature, called \"AutoHop\", which allows viewers to watch some programming without commercials, subject to time restrictions.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ AutoHop is an extension of the DVR's prime time recording capability.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ When enabled, the feature records but hides commercials, giving viewers the option of viewing primetime programming on the four major networks commercial-free.", "Taekwondo __knowledge__ Taekwondo ( , ; from Korean ) is a Korean martial art, characterized by its emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping and spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques.", "Taekwondo __knowledge__ Taekwondo was developed during the 1940s and 1950s by various martial artists who combined elements of karate and Chinese martial arts with traditional Korean martial arts traditions such as Taekkyeon, Subak, and Gwonbeop.", "Taekwondo __knowledge__ The oldest governing body for taekwondo is the Korea Taekwondo Association (KTA), formed in 1959 through a collaborative effort by representatives from the nine original kwans, or martial arts schools, in Korea.", "Taekwondo __knowledge__ The main international organizational bodies for taekwondo today are the International Taekwon-Do Federation (ITF), founded by Choi Hong Hi in 1966, and the partnership of the Kukkiwon and World Taekwondo (WT, formerly WTF), founded in 1972 and 1973 respectively by the Korea Taekwondo Association.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "List of capoeira techniques __knowledge__ Capoeira has always been an eclectic martial art with a variety of different techniques that make use of the hands, feet, legs, arms, elbows, knees, and head.", "List of capoeira techniques __knowledge__ Some techniques are used for moving along the ground while others are used for evading attacks and it is not uncommon to see a combination of the two.", "List of capoeira techniques __knowledge__ There are hard attacks that include headbutts, slaps, punches, elbows, kicks and knees as well as softer attacks such as takedowns or sweeps; however, the main emphasis is normally placed on the interaction between kicks and evasions.", "List of capoeira techniques __knowledge__ The most confusing group of techniques for many outside the capoeira circle are florieos which often results in capoeira being mistaken for breakdancing or acrobatics.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Food __knowledge__ Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.", "Food __knowledge__ It is usually of plant or animal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals.", "Food __knowledge__ The substance is ingested by an organism and assimilated by the organism's cells to provide energy, maintain life, or stimulate growth.", "Food __knowledge__ Historically, humans secured food through two methods: hunting and gathering and agriculture.", "Food __knowledge__ Today, the majority of the food energy required by the ever increasing population of the world is supplied by the food industry.", "Food __knowledge__ Food safety and food security are monitored by agencies like the International Association for Food Protection, World Resources Institute, World Food Programme, Food and Agriculture Organization, and International Food Information Council.", "Technological dualism __knowledge__ Technological dualism is proposed by Benjamin Higgins.", "Technological dualism __knowledge__ He was the Ritchie Professor of Economics at the University of Melbourne in the late 1940s.", "Technological dualism __knowledge__ His theory explains the causes of unemployment in the underdeveloped economies.", "Technological dualism __knowledge__ The underdeveloped Countries of today are characterized by dualistic Economy.", "Technological dualism __knowledge__ One is the modern Sector the other is the Traditional Sector.", "Technological dualism __knowledge__ Their relation has been explained by Higgins in his theory which is explained below.", "Technological dualism __knowledge__ The theory of technological dualism comes under the subject of development economics.", "Technological dualism __knowledge__ This theory was propounded by Benjamin Higgins in place of Social dualism theory by Professor Boeke.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking bananas are banana cultivars in the genus \"Musa\" whose fruits are generally used in cooking.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ They may be eaten while ripe or unripe and are generally starchy.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Some cooking bananas are also referred to as green bananas or plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ ( , ) The term \"plantain\" is loosely applied to any banana cultivar that is eaten when cooked.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ However, there is no formal botanical distinction between bananas and plantains.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Cooking is also a matter of custom, rather than necessity.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ Ripe plantains can be eaten raw, since the starches are converted to sugars as they ripen.", "Cooking banana __knowledge__ In some countries, there may be a clear distinction between plantains and bananas, but in other countries, where many more cultivars are consumed, the distinction is not made in the common names used." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Domino’s Pizza, Inc. is an American pizza restaurant chain founded in 1960.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The corporation is headquartered at the Domino's Farms Office Park in Ann Arbor, Michigan.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ In 1960, Tom Monaghan and his brother, James, purchased DomiNick's, a small pizza store at 301 West Cross Street in Ypsilanti, Michigan, near Eastern Michigan University.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The deal was secured by a $500 down payment, and the brothers borrowed $900 to pay for the store.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ The brothers planned to split the work hours evenly, but James did not want to quit his job as a full-time postman to keep up with the demands of the new business.", "Domino's Pizza __knowledge__ Within eight months, James traded his half of the business to Tom for the Volkswagen Beetle they used for pizza deliveries.", "Pizza in the United States __knowledge__ Many regional variations of pizza the United States have been developed, many bearing only a casual resemblance to the Italian original.", "Pizza in the United States __knowledge__ Pizza became most popular in America after soldiers stationed in Italy returned from World War II.", "Pizza in the United States __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became an iconic dish of considerable popularity in the United States.", "Pizza in the United States __knowledge__ The American slang terms \"za\" and \"slice\" can also refer to pizza.", "Pizza in the United States __knowledge__ The thickness of the crust depends on what the consumer prefers; both thick and thin crust are popular.", "Pizza in the United States __knowledge__ Often, foods such as barbecued chicken and bacon cheeseburgers are used to create new types of pizza.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Pizza Brain __knowledge__ Pizza Brain is an American pizza culture museum and pizzeria, and home to the world's largest collection of pizza memorabilia and collectibles, headquartered in the Kensington neighborhood of Philadelphia, United States, with the flagship restaurant on Frankford Avenue.", "Pizza Brain __knowledge__ In May 2010, Kensington-based artist Brian Dwyer, along with Christopher Powell, organized \"Give Pizza Chance\"—Philadelphia's first pizza-based art show—in which pizza served as muse for more than 25 artists who displayed their work at a local gallery.", "Pizza Brain __knowledge__ Inspired by the show's success, Dwyer became fascinated with the communal and seemingly boundless reach of pizza, seeking out more pizza-related memorabilia, with the intention of turning the pizza art exhibit into a yearly occurrence.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of main characters in the \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" franchise.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are a team of mutant red-eared sliders named after four Renaissance artists and living in the sewers of New York City, where they train by day and fight crime by night as ninjas.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leonardo is the calm and courageous leader of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ He is the most devoted student to Master Splinter and the study of Ninjutsu.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Leo wears a blue mask and wields two ninjakens, also known as ninjatō.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raphael is the tough, sarcastic bad boy of the Ninja Turtles.", "List of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles characters __knowledge__ Raph wears a red mask and wields a pair of sais.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ Detroit-style pizza is a style of pizza developed in Detroit, Michigan.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ It is a rectangular pizza that has a thick deep-dish crisp crust and toppings such as pepperoni and mushrooms.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ What makes Detroit-style pizza different from Chicago and New York styles is the crust, which is extra thick and very crispy on the bottom.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The square shaped pizza is the result of being baked in a square pan, which is often not a pizza pan: industrial parts trays are often used, which were originally made to hold small parts in factories.", "Detroit-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a Detroit-style pizza is occasionally twice-baked, and it is usually baked in a well-oiled pan to a chewy medium-well-done state that gives the bottom and edges of the crust a fried or crunchy texture." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking or cookery is the art, technology, science and craft of preparing food for consumption with or without the use of heat.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking techniques and ingredients vary widely across the world, from grilling food over an open fire to using electric stoves, to baking in various types of ovens, reflecting unique environmental, economic, and cultural traditions and trends.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The ways or types of cooking also depend on the skill and type of training an individual cook has.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking is done both by people in their own dwellings and by professional cooks and chefs in restaurants and other food establishments.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Cooking can also occur through chemical reactions without the presence of heat, such as in ceviche, a traditional South American dish where fish is cooked with the acids in lemon or lime juice.", "Cooking __knowledge__ Preparing food with heat or fire is an activity unique to humans.", "Cooking __knowledge__ It may have started around 2 million years ago, though archaeological evidence for it reaches no more than 1 million years ago.", "Cooking __knowledge__ The expansion of agriculture, commerce, trade and transportation between civilizations in different regions offered cooks many new ingredients.", "Cooking __knowledge__ New inventions and technologies, such as the invention of pottery for holding and boiling water, expanded cooking techniques.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ Dish Network (often stylized as DISH Network, or just simply DISH) is an American-based direct-broadcast satellite service provider.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company provides satellite television, audio programming, and interactive television services to commercial and residential customers in the United States.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ , the company provided services to 13.7 million television and 580,000 broadband subscribers.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company has approximately 16,000 employees.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ The company is headquartered in Meridian, Colorado, though the postal designation of nearby Englewood, Colorado is used in the corporate mailing.", "Dish Network __knowledge__ In January 2008, Dish Network was spun off from its former parent company EchoStar, which was founded by Charlie Ergen as a satellite television equipment distributor in 1980.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ In the early 2000s, Dish Network received criticism regarding controversial technology and carriage disputes with programming providers.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ Most notably, when the Hopper digital video recorder provided an easy way for viewers to watch certain programming without commercials, major networks sued Dish Network.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ Dish Network's Hopper digital video recorder, announced in January 2012, led to controversy over a feature, called \"AutoHop\", which allows viewers to watch some programming without commercials, subject to time restrictions.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ AutoHop is an extension of the DVR's prime time recording capability.", "Criticism of Dish Network __knowledge__ When enabled, the feature records but hides commercials, giving viewers the option of viewing primetime programming on the four major networks commercial-free.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Fox Broadcasting Co. v. Dish Network, LLC __knowledge__ Fox Broadcasting Co. v. Dish Network, LLC (C.D.", "Fox Broadcasting Co. v. Dish Network, LLC __knowledge__ Cal.", "Fox Broadcasting Co. v. Dish Network, LLC __knowledge__ January 12, 2015) is a copyright case in which the United States District Court for the Central District of California, by granting partial summary judgment, denied most parts of the copyright claims presented by Fox Broadcasting (Fox) against Dish Network (Dish) for its service, a DVR-like device that allowed users to record programming that could be accessed later through any Internet-connected device (Dish Anywhere).", "Fox Broadcasting Co. v. Dish Network, LLC __knowledge__ The service offered by Dish also allowed users to record any or all Fox’s (and the four major broadcast networks) prime-time programs (Prime Time Any Time or PTAT) and to automatically skips commercials (AutoHop).", "Offal __knowledge__ Offal , also called variety meats, pluck or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal.", "Offal __knowledge__ The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs excluding muscle and bone.", "Offal __knowledge__ As an English mass noun, the term \"offal\" has no plural form.", "Offal __knowledge__ Some cultures strongly consider offal as food to be taboo, while others use it as everyday food, or in delicacies.", "Offal __knowledge__ Certain offal dishes—including \"foie gras\", \"pâté\" and sweetbread—are considered gourmet food in international cuisine.", "Offal __knowledge__ Others remain part of traditional regional cuisine and may be consumed especially in connection with holidays.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes for the reality television series \"The Great Food Truck Race\" on Food Network.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ There are seven truck teams competing in the race for a grand prize of $50,000.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Each truck team consists of a driver and two crew members who must staff the truck and are responsible for cooking, shopping, orders and publicity.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Every week they start off with no food to make things fair for all the teams who must make do with whatever cash Tyler Florence provides (seed money) at the start of each episode, in each new city.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ The trucks all convene in Los Angeles.", "List of The Great Food Truck Race episodes __knowledge__ Austin Daily Press – This team from Austin, Texas serves hot, grilled sandwiches.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Pancake __knowledge__ A pancake (or hotcake, griddlecake, or flapjack) is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In Britain, pancakes are often unleavened and resemble a crêpe.", "Pancake __knowledge__ In North America, a leavening agent is used (typically baking powder).", "Pancake __knowledge__ American pancakes are similar to Scotch pancakes or drop scones.", "Pancake __knowledge__ Archaeological evidence suggests that pancakes were probably the earliest and most widespread cereal food eaten in prehistoric societies.", "Pancake __knowledge__ The pancake's shape and structure varies worldwide.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ] ]

[ 2, 0, 21, 49 ]

[ "I like cooking. It is fun to use different techniques from around the globe", "I love pizza done true Italian style", "Yes Italian style is more of a flatbread with minimal toppings. Americans put tons of toppings on theirs", "I love pancakes - a nice flat cake with maple syrup for breakfast" ]

[ "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking", "Cooking" ]

[ "Teapot\nI like to make tea in my teapot. Do you have one?", "Mine is pretty basic but my grandma has a nice ornamental one from China.", "Yeah I know it is big over in Europe and Asia. Americans drink more coffee it seems.", "I swear every time I am at Starbucks it is packed. So many people need their cup of Joe in the morning!", "Wow that is crazy. They are building a drive-thru one here. I am sure it will be very popular." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teapot __knowledge__ A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in boiling or near-boiling water, and for serving the resulting infusion which is called tea.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Dry tea is available either in tea bags or as loose tea, in which case a tea infuser or tea strainer may be of some assistance, either to hold the leaves as they steep or to catch the leaves inside the teapot when the tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Teapots usually have an opening with a lid at their top, where the dry tea and hot water are added, a handle for holding by hand and a spout through which the tea is served.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Some teapots have a strainer built-in on the inner edge of the spout.", "Teapot __knowledge__ A small air hole in the lid is often created to stop the spout from dripping and splashing when tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In modern times, a thermal cover called a tea cosy may be used to enhance the steeping process or to prevent the contents of the teapot from cooling too rapidly.", "Teapot __knowledge__ The teapot was invented in China during the Yuan Dynasty.", "Teapot __knowledge__ It was probably derived from ceramic kettles and wine pots, which were made of bronze and other metals and were a feature of Chinese life for thousands of years.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Tea preparation during previous dynasties did not use a teapot.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In the Tang Dynasty, a cauldron was used to boil ground tea, which was served in bowls.", "Utah teapot __knowledge__ The Utah teapot, or the Newell teapot, is a 3D test model that has become a standard reference object and an in-joke The teapot model was created in 1975 by early computer graphics researcher Martin Newell, a member of the pioneering graphics program at the University of Utah.", "Utah teapot __knowledge__ For his work, Newell needed a simple mathematical model of a familiar object.", "Utah teapot __knowledge__ His wife, Sandra Newell, suggested modelling their tea service since they were sitting down for tea at the time.", "Utah teapot __knowledge__ He sketched the teapot free-hand using graph paper and a pencil.", "Utah teapot __knowledge__ Following that, he went back to the computer laboratory and edited bézier control points on a Tektronix storage tube, again by hand.", "Tea pet __knowledge__ A tea pet, also known as a tea lover's pet, is a small clay figure which is kept by some tea drinkers for good luck.", "Tea pet __knowledge__ The history of tea pets can be traced back to the Yuan dynasty (1206–1368).They are usually made of \"zisha\" or Yixing clay, from the region near Yixing in Jiangsu province, China.", "Tea pet __knowledge__ Just like Yixing teapots made of the same clay, tea pets are unglazed, so that they are mostly monochromatic with a rough surface.", "Tea pet __knowledge__ Tea lovers in China raise a tea pet by placing it on the tea tray during tea time and pouring out the tea over it.", "Tea pet __knowledge__ The most popular figure of the tea pet is the \"pee-pee boy\", which is used to judge whether the water is hot enough to make tea.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea plays an important role in some countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Afternoon tea is a British custom with widespread appeal.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies, with their roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among Asian countries, such as the Japanese or Korean versions.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "Japanese tea utensils __knowledge__ Tea utensils (茶道具, \"chadōgu\") are tools or implements used in \"chadō\", the art of Japanese tea.", "Japanese tea utensils __knowledge__ \"Chadōgu\" can be divided into five major categories: \"sōshoku dōgu\" (装飾道具; \"decorative items\"); \"temae dōgu\" (点前道具; \"items for the tea-making and service\"); \"kaiseki dōgu\" (懐石道具; \"items for the \"chakaiseki\" meal\"); \"mizuya dōgu\" (水屋道具; \"items used in the preparation room\"); and \"machiai dōgu / roji\" \"dōgu\" (待合道具・露地道具; \"items for the waiting room\" / \"items for the \"roji\" garden\").", "Japanese tea utensils __knowledge__ A wide range of \"dōgu\" is necessary for even the most basic tea ceremony.", "Japanese tea utensils __knowledge__ Generally, items which guests prepare themselves with for attending a chanoyu gathering are not considered as \"chadōgu\"; rather, the term fundamentally applies to items involved to \"host\" a chanoyu gathering.", "Tea cosy __knowledge__ A tea cosy (American English: tea cozy) or tea warmer is a cover for a teapot, traditionally made of cloth.", "Tea cosy __knowledge__ It insulates a teapot, keeping the contents warm.", "Tea cosy __knowledge__ Their use predates the invention of vacuum bottles as a means of keeping hot liquids hot.", "Tea cosy __knowledge__ Tea cosies may have padded inserts that can be removed and washed.", "Tea cosy __knowledge__ Some tea cosies are hand-knitted, resembling woollen hats, some even feature a \"bobble\" (pom-pom) on top, which may also serve as a handle to remove or lift the tea cosy.", "Tea cosy __knowledge__ Sometimes, if the tea is served in a restaurant or in a hotel, the teapot is covered with a tea cosy that has a metal exterior to protect the inner fabric of the cosy from wear and tear and also to further improve the insulation of the teapot." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teapot __knowledge__ A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in boiling or near-boiling water, and for serving the resulting infusion which is called tea.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Dry tea is available either in tea bags or as loose tea, in which case a tea infuser or tea strainer may be of some assistance, either to hold the leaves as they steep or to catch the leaves inside the teapot when the tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Teapots usually have an opening with a lid at their top, where the dry tea and hot water are added, a handle for holding by hand and a spout through which the tea is served.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Some teapots have a strainer built-in on the inner edge of the spout.", "Teapot __knowledge__ A small air hole in the lid is often created to stop the spout from dripping and splashing when tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In modern times, a thermal cover called a tea cosy may be used to enhance the steeping process or to prevent the contents of the teapot from cooling too rapidly.", "Teapot __knowledge__ The teapot was invented in China during the Yuan Dynasty.", "Teapot __knowledge__ It was probably derived from ceramic kettles and wine pots, which were made of bronze and other metals and were a feature of Chinese life for thousands of years.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Tea preparation during previous dynasties did not use a teapot.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In the Tang Dynasty, a cauldron was used to boil ground tea, which was served in bowls.", "Newtown Act __knowledge__ The Newtown Act (21 George II c.10) was an act of the Parliament of Ireland regulating municipal corporations, in particular the manner in which parliamentary boroughs elected members to the Irish House of Commons.", "Newtown Act __knowledge__ Clauses 1 to 7 aimed to curtail faggot voters by requiring a rentcharge property qualification for the franchise to be either over ten pounds or else held for over one year prior to the election.", "Newtown Act __knowledge__ This restricted temporary conveyancing of parts of a freehold from its true owner to multiple fictitious owners.", "Newtown Act __knowledge__ These provisions were an uncontentious technical amendment of an act passed in 1745 (19 George II c.11).", "Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act __knowledge__ The Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act (\"MRHA\") is a Singapore statute which, according to its long title, provides for the maintenance of religious harmony, for the establishment of a Presidential Council for Religious Harmony (\"PCRH\"), and for matters connected therewith.", "Maintenance of Religious Harmony Act __knowledge__ The Act, which was passed on 9 November 1990 and came into force on 31 March 1992, empowers the Minister for Home Affairs to make a restraining order against a person who is in a position of authority in any religious group or institution if the Minister is satisfied that the person has committed or is attempting to commit any of the following acts: causing feelings of enmity, hatred, ill-will or hostility between different religious groups; or promoting a political cause, carrying out subversive activities, or exciting disaffection against the President or the Government under the guise of propagating or practising a religious belief.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ The Duck family is a fictional family of cartoon ducks related to Disney character Donald Duck.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ The family is also related to the Coot, Goose, and Gander families, as well as the Scottish Clan McDuck.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ Besides Donald, the best-known members of the Duck family are Huey, Dewey, and Louie, Donald's three nephews.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ Members of the Duck family appear most extensively in Donald Duck comic stories (although some have made animated appearances).", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ In 1993, American comics author Don Rosa published a Duck family tree which established each characters' relationships for purposes of his stories.", "Duck family (Disney) __knowledge__ Rosa even created a fictional timeline for when certain characters were born.", "Benlou Properties v Vector Graphics __knowledge__ In Benlou Properties (Pty) Ltd v Vector Graphics (Pty) Ltd, an important case in the South African law of lease, Benlou Properties (the lessor) and Vector Graphics (the lessee) entered into a lease agreement.", "Benlou Properties v Vector Graphics __knowledge__ Clause 8.5 entitled Benlou Properties to recover 74.4 per cent of any increase in its expenditure on certain items from Vector Graphics.", "Benlou Properties v Vector Graphics __knowledge__ Approximately two years after the conclusion of the agreement, Vector Graphics sought an order to declare the clause invalid, contending The court \"a quo\" held that a number of the provisions of clause 8.5, read with certain other clauses, were invalid because they conferred a discretion on Benlou Properties to determine various costs and charges, of which a substantial portion would have to be borne by Vector Graphics.", "List of Teen Titans Go! characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the major and minor characters featured in and/or created specifically for the Cartoon Network animated series, \"Teen Titans Go!\".", "List of Teen Titans Go! characters __knowledge__ The leader of the group, Robin is the sole Titan without superpowers, bar the ability to transform people into leprechauns like himself—at times to his frustration and envy—and relies mainly on his arsenal of weapons and tools in combat.", "List of Teen Titans Go! characters __knowledge__ His weapons of preference are his Birdarangs, grapple guns, and particularly a trademark multi-purpose metallic bo staff which he is deluded into believing is his best friend.", "List of Teen Titans Go! characters __knowledge__ He is also incredibly agile and is a studious scientist, detective, and Martial Artist.", "Factory Acts __knowledge__ The Factory Acts were a series of UK labour law Acts passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom to regulate the conditions of industrial employment.", "Factory Acts __knowledge__ The early Acts concentrated on regulating the hours of work and moral welfare of young children employed in cotton mills but were effectively unenforced until the Act of 1833 established a professional Factory Inspectorate.", "Factory Acts __knowledge__ The regulation of working hours was then extended to women by an Act of 1844.", "Factory Acts __knowledge__ An Act in 1847 (the Ten Hour Act) (together with Acts in 1850 and 1853 remedying defects in the 1847 Act) met a long- standing (and by 1847 well-organised) demand by the millworkers for a ten-hour day.", "Gangnido __knowledge__ The Honil Gangni Yeokdae Gukdo Ji Do (\"Map of Integrated Lands and Regions of Historical Countries and Capitals.", "Gangnido __knowledge__ \"), often abbreviated as Kangnido, is a world map created in Korea, produced by Yi Hoe and Kwon Kun in 1402.", "Gangnido __knowledge__ The Kangnido is one of the oldest \"surviving\" world maps from East Asia, along with the (\"ca\".", "Gangnido __knowledge__ 1398) Chinese \"Da Ming Hun Yi Tu\".", "Gangnido __knowledge__ Surviving copies of both the Kangnido and the Da Ming Hun Yi Tu all bear later revisions, and the original, unrevised forms of both maps are uncertain.", "Gangnido __knowledge__ Nevertheless, the surviving copies of the Kangnido constitute one of the most important materials for reconstructing the original form of the 14th-century Chinese map.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The history of tea is long and complex, spreading across multiple cultures over the span of thousands of years.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea likely originated in southwest China during the Shang dynasty as a medicinal drink.", "History of tea __knowledge__ An early credible record of tea drinking dates to the 3rd century AD, in a medical text written by Hua Tuo.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea was first introduced to Portuguese priests and merchants in China during the 16th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Drinking tea became popular in Britain during the 17th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The British introduced tea production, as well as tea consumption, to India, in order to compete with the Chinese monopoly on tea.", "History of tea __knowledge__ \"\"Camellia sinensis\" originated in southeast Asia, specifically around the intersection of latitude 29°N and longitude 98°E, the point of confluence of the lands of northeast India, north Burma, southwest China and Tibet.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ Pu'er or pu-erh is a variety of fermented tea produced in Yunnan province, China.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ The town of Pu'er is named after the tea that is produced close by.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ Fermentation in the context of tea production involves microbial fermentation and oxidation of the tea leaves, after they have been dried and rolled.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ This process is a Chinese specialty and produces tea known as \"hēichá\" (黑茶), commonly translated as dark, or black tea.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ This type of tea is different from what in the West is known as \"black tea\", which in China is called \"hóngchá\" (红茶) i.e.", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ \"red tea\".", "Pu'er tea __knowledge__ The best known variety of this category of tea is pu'er from Yunnan Province, named after the trading post for dark tea during imperial China.", "Darjeeling tea __knowledge__ Darjeeling tea is a tea from the Darjeeling district in West Bengal, India.", "Darjeeling tea __knowledge__ It is available in black, green, white and oolong.", "Darjeeling tea __knowledge__ When properly brewed, it yields a thin-bodied, light-coloured infusion with a floral aroma.", "Darjeeling tea __knowledge__ The flavour can include a tinge of astringent tannic characteristics and a musky spiciness sometimes described as \"muscatel\".", "Darjeeling tea __knowledge__ Unlike most Indian teas, Darjeeling tea is normally made from the small-leaved Chinese variety of \"Camellia sinensis\" var.", "Darjeeling tea __knowledge__ \"sinensis\", rather than the large-leaved Assam plant (\"C. sinensis\" var.", "Darjeeling tea __knowledge__ \"assamica\").", "Darjeeling tea __knowledge__ Traditionally, Darjeeling tea is made as black tea; however, Darjeeling oolong and green teas are becoming more commonly produced and easier to find, and a growing number of estates are also producing white teas.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea plays an important role in some countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Afternoon tea is a British custom with widespread appeal.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies, with their roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among Asian countries, such as the Japanese or Korean versions.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Chinese tea is a beverage made from the leaves of tea plants (\"Camellia sinensis\") and boiled water.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Tea leaves are processed using traditional Chinese methods.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Chinese tea is consumed throughout the day, including during meals, as a substitute for plain water, for health, or for simple pleasure.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ The practice of drinking tea has a long history in China, having originated there.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Although tea originated in China, during the Tang Dynasty, Chinese tea generally represents tea leaves which have been processed using methods inherited from ancient China.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ According to popular legend, tea was discovered by Chinese Emperor Shen Nong in 2737 BCE when a leaf from a nearby shrub fell into water the emperor was boiling.", "Green tea __knowledge__ Green tea is a type of tea that is made from \"Camellia sinensis\" leaves that have not undergone the same withering and oxidation process used to make oolong teas and black teas.", "Green tea __knowledge__ Green tea originated in China, but its production and manufacture has spread to many other countries in Asia.", "Green tea __knowledge__ Several varieties of green tea exist, which differ substantially based on the variety of \"C. sinensis\" used, growing conditions, horticultural methods, production processing, and time of harvest.", "Green tea __knowledge__ Tea consumption has its legendary origins in China during the reign of Emperor Shennong.", "Green tea __knowledge__ A book written by Lu Yu in 600-900 AD (Tang Dynasty), \"Tea Classic\" (), is considered important in green tea history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teapot __knowledge__ A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in boiling or near-boiling water, and for serving the resulting infusion which is called tea.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Dry tea is available either in tea bags or as loose tea, in which case a tea infuser or tea strainer may be of some assistance, either to hold the leaves as they steep or to catch the leaves inside the teapot when the tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Teapots usually have an opening with a lid at their top, where the dry tea and hot water are added, a handle for holding by hand and a spout through which the tea is served.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Some teapots have a strainer built-in on the inner edge of the spout.", "Teapot __knowledge__ A small air hole in the lid is often created to stop the spout from dripping and splashing when tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In modern times, a thermal cover called a tea cosy may be used to enhance the steeping process or to prevent the contents of the teapot from cooling too rapidly.", "Teapot __knowledge__ The teapot was invented in China during the Yuan Dynasty.", "Teapot __knowledge__ It was probably derived from ceramic kettles and wine pots, which were made of bronze and other metals and were a feature of Chinese life for thousands of years.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Tea preparation during previous dynasties did not use a teapot.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In the Tang Dynasty, a cauldron was used to boil ground tea, which was served in bowls.", "United States __knowledge__ The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.", "United States __knowledge__ At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with over 325 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous.", "United States __knowledge__ The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City.", "United States __knowledge__ Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ Coffee drinks are made by brewing hot water (or much less commonly, cold water) with ground coffee beans.", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ The brewing is either done slowly by drip or filter, French press or \"cafetière\", percolator, etc., or done very quickly under pressure by an espresso machine, where the coffee is termed \"espresso\"—slow-brewed coffees are generally regarded simply as \"coffee\".", "List of coffee drinks __knowledge__ All coffee drinks are based on either coffee or espresso, in different strengths; some drinks have milk or cream added, some use steamed milk, cream, plant based milk, or foamed milk, some have flavorings or sweeteners, some have alcoholic liqueurs added, some are combinations of coffee with espresso or tea.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ A cappuccino (; ) italian plural cappuccini, is an Italian coffee drink that is traditionally prepared with double espresso, and steamed milk foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ Variations of the drink involve the use of cream instead of milk, and flavoring with cinnamon or chocolate powder.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ It is typically smaller in volume than a caffè latte, with a thicker layer of micro foam.", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The name comes from the Capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits, and in this context referring to the colour of the beverage when milk is added in small portion to dark, brewed coffee (today mostly espresso).", "Cappuccino __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a modern cappuccino with espresso créma and steamed milk is a result of a long evolution of the drink.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea plays an important role in some countries.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ It is commonly consumed at social events, and many cultures have created intricate formal ceremonies for these events.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Afternoon tea is a British custom with widespread appeal.", "Tea culture __knowledge__ Tea ceremonies, with their roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among Asian countries, such as the Japanese or Korean versions.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Chinese tea is a beverage made from the leaves of tea plants (\"Camellia sinensis\") and boiled water.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Tea leaves are processed using traditional Chinese methods.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Chinese tea is consumed throughout the day, including during meals, as a substitute for plain water, for health, or for simple pleasure.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ The practice of drinking tea has a long history in China, having originated there.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ Although tea originated in China, during the Tang Dynasty, Chinese tea generally represents tea leaves which have been processed using methods inherited from ancient China.", "Chinese tea __knowledge__ According to popular legend, tea was discovered by Chinese Emperor Shen Nong in 2737 BCE when a leaf from a nearby shrub fell into water the emperor was boiling.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The history of tea is long and complex, spreading across multiple cultures over the span of thousands of years.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea likely originated in southwest China during the Shang dynasty as a medicinal drink.", "History of tea __knowledge__ An early credible record of tea drinking dates to the 3rd century AD, in a medical text written by Hua Tuo.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Tea was first introduced to Portuguese priests and merchants in China during the 16th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ Drinking tea became popular in Britain during the 17th century.", "History of tea __knowledge__ The British introduced tea production, as well as tea consumption, to India, in order to compete with the Chinese monopoly on tea.", "History of tea __knowledge__ \"\"Camellia sinensis\" originated in southeast Asia, specifically around the intersection of latitude 29°N and longitude 98°E, the point of confluence of the lands of northeast India, north Burma, southwest China and Tibet.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ Chinese tea culture refers to how tea is prepared as well as the occasions when people consume tea in China.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ Tea culture in China differs from that in European countries like Britain and other Asian countries like Japan, Korea, Vietnam in preparation, taste, and occasion when it is consumed.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ Tea is still consumed regularly, both on casual and formal occasions.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ In addition to being a popular beverage, it is used in traditional Chinese medicine as well as in Chinese cuisine.", "Chinese tea culture __knowledge__ The concept of tea culture is referred to in Chinese as \"chayi\" (\"the art of drinking tea\"), or \"cha wenhua\" (\"tea culture\").", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ Bubble tea (also known as pearl milk tea, bubble milk tea, boba juice, boba tea, or simply boba) (, with tapioca balls it is ) is a Taiwanese tea-based drink invented in Tainan and Taichung in the 1980s.", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ Most bubble tea recipes contain a tea base mixed with fruit or milk, to which chewy tapioca balls (known as bubbles, pearls, or boba) and fruit jelly (especially tropical fruits like lychee) are often added.", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ Ice-blended versions are usually mixed with fruit or syrup, resulting in a slushy consistency.", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ There are many varieties of the drink with a wide range of ingredients.", "Bubble tea __knowledge__ The two most popular varieties are bubble milk tea with tapioca and bubble milk green tea with tapioca.", "Chinese culture __knowledge__ Chinese culture () is one of the world's oldest cultures, tracing back to thousands of years ago.", "Chinese culture __knowledge__ The area in which the culture is dominant covers a large geographical region in eastern Asia with customs and traditions varying greatly between provinces, cities, and even towns as well.", "Chinese culture __knowledge__ With China being one of the earliest ancient civilizations, Chinese culture is extremely diverse and varying, and it has a profound effect in the philosophy, virtue, etiquette and traditions of Asia to date.", "Chinese culture __knowledge__ Chinese culture is considered the dominant culture in East Asia historically.", "Chinese culture __knowledge__ Chinese language, ceramics, architecture, music, dance, literature, martial arts, cuisine, visual arts, philosophy, business etiquette , religion, politics and history have a profound impact on the world, while its traditions and festivals are also celebrated, instilled and practiced by people around Asia." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teapot __knowledge__ A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in boiling or near-boiling water, and for serving the resulting infusion which is called tea.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Dry tea is available either in tea bags or as loose tea, in which case a tea infuser or tea strainer may be of some assistance, either to hold the leaves as they steep or to catch the leaves inside the teapot when the tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Teapots usually have an opening with a lid at their top, where the dry tea and hot water are added, a handle for holding by hand and a spout through which the tea is served.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Some teapots have a strainer built-in on the inner edge of the spout.", "Teapot __knowledge__ A small air hole in the lid is often created to stop the spout from dripping and splashing when tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In modern times, a thermal cover called a tea cosy may be used to enhance the steeping process or to prevent the contents of the teapot from cooling too rapidly.", "Teapot __knowledge__ The teapot was invented in China during the Yuan Dynasty.", "Teapot __knowledge__ It was probably derived from ceramic kettles and wine pots, which were made of bronze and other metals and were a feature of Chinese life for thousands of years.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Tea preparation during previous dynasties did not use a teapot.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In the Tang Dynasty, a cauldron was used to boil ground tea, which was served in bowls.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ Starbucks Collectibles are products manufactured by Starbucks Corporation and include Starbucks' cards, Starbucks' mugs, Starbucks' posters, and almost anything and everything manufactured or printed by Starbucks Corporation.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ The Starbucks Collectibles secondary market has existed since the inception of Starbucks and the Starbucks card collectible trading market has existed since the first Starbucks card was manufactured in 2001.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ In the month of May 2013, there were between 26,000 and 37,000 Starbucks' item auctions on eBay every day.", "Starbucks collectibles __knowledge__ In the summer of 2013, auctions for Starbucks rose to over 40,000 auctions daily.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ \"Dumb Starbucks\" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American television docu-reality comedy series \"Nathan for You\", and the thirteenth overall episode of the series.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ Written by series co-creators Nathan Fielder and Michael Koman, as well as Dan Mintz, it aired on Comedy Central in the United States on July 29, 2014.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ In the series, Fielder plays an off-kilter version of himself, who tries to use his business background and life experiences to help struggling companies and people, offering them strategies that no traditional business consultant would dare to attempt.", "Dumb Starbucks __knowledge__ In the episode, Fielder attempts to help a struggling coffee shop by renaming it \"Dumb Starbucks\", a parody of the American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The Starbucks Workers Union is a union formed by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) to organize retail employees of Starbucks.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union has members at Starbucks locations in New York City; Chicago; Grand Rapids, Michigan; Cincinnati; Quebec City; Bloomington, Minnesota, and Omaha, Nebraska.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ On May 17, 2004, Starbucks's workers at the 36th and Madison store in midtown Manhattan organized the first Starbucks barista union in the United States.", "Starbucks Workers Union __knowledge__ The union drive had its origins in barista's complaints that a starting wage of $7.75 an hour was not a living wage in New York City and that Starbucks refused to guarantee regularity of hours per week.", "Morning Joe __knowledge__ Morning Joe is a weekday NBC News morning news and talk show, airing from 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time on the network's cable news channel MSNBC.", "Morning Joe __knowledge__ It features former representative Joe Scarborough providing both enterprise reporting and discussion on the news of the day in a panel format with co-hosts Mika Brzezinski and Willie Geist.", "Morning Joe __knowledge__ It was created as the replacement for \"Imus in the Morning,\" which was cancelled in April 2007 after simulcasting on MSNBC since 1996.", "Morning Joe __knowledge__ \"Morning Joe\" began as a fill-in program after Don Imus' \"Imus in the Morning\" was canceled.", "Morning Joe __knowledge__ Former Florida Congressman Joe Scarborough, then host of the primetime MSNBC program \"Scarborough Country\", suggested the idea of doing a morning show instead.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, which are the seeds of berries from the \"Coffea\" plant.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The genus \"Coffea\" is native to tropical Africa (specifically having its origin in Ethiopia and Sudan) and Madagascar, the Comoros, Mauritius, and Réunion in the Indian Ocean.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The plant was exported from Africa to countries around the world.", "Coffee __knowledge__ Coffee plants are now cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in the equatorial regions of the Americas, Southeast Asia, India, and Africa.", "Coffee __knowledge__ The two most commonly grown are the highly regarded arabica, and the less sophisticated but stronger and hardier robusta.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Ek Tha Chandar Ek Thi Sudha (Hindi: एक था चन्दर एक थी सुधा English: One was Chander one was Sudha) is an Indian biopic television series, which premiered on 21 September 2015 and is broadcast on Life OK.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is produced by Garima Productions of Ashwni Dhir.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series airs on every Monday to Friday nights.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The series is a tragic love story and is a 20-episode series.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story of the series is based on Dharamvir Bharati’s iconic novel, \"Gunahon Ka Devta\".", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ Rahil Azam and Umang Jain will play the male and female lead roles respectively.", "Ek Tha Chander Ek Thi Sudha __knowledge__ The story starts with an illustration that it is a story about love near Allahabad.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The origin and history of coffee dates back to the 10th century, and possibly earlier with a number of reports and legends surrounding its first use.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The native (undomesticated) origin of coffee is thought to have been Ethiopia.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ The earliest substantiated evidence of either coffee drinking or knowledge of the coffee tree is from the 15th century, in the Sufi monasteries of Yemen.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ By the 16th century, it had reached the rest of the Middle East, South India (Coorg), Persia, Turkey, Horn of Africa, and northern Africa.", "History of coffee __knowledge__ Coffee then spread to the Balkans, Italy and to the rest of Europe, to South East Asia and then to America.", "Coffee production in Indonesia __knowledge__ Indonesia was the fourth largest producer of coffee in the world in 2014.", "Coffee production in Indonesia __knowledge__ Coffee in Indonesia began with its colonial history, and has played an important part in the growth of the country.", "Coffee production in Indonesia __knowledge__ Indonesia is located within an ideal geography for coffee plantations, near the equator and with numerous mountainous regions across the islands, creating well suited micro-climates for the growth and production of coffee.", "Coffee production in Indonesia __knowledge__ Indonesia produced an estimated 540,000 metric tons of coffee in 2014.", "Coffee production in Indonesia __knowledge__ Of this total, it is estimated that 154,800 tons was required for domestic consumption in the 2013/2014 financial year.", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ Coffea arabica (), also known as the Arabian coffee, \"coffee shrub of Arabia\", \"mountain coffee\", or \"arabica coffee\", is a species of \"Coffea\".", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ It is believed to be the first species of coffee to be cultivated, and is the dominant cultivar, representing some 60% of global production.", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ Coffee produced from the less acidic, more bitter, and more highly caffeinated robusta bean (\"C. canephora\") makes up the preponderance of the balance.", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ Wild plants grow between tall, and have an open branching system; the leaves are opposite, simple elliptic-ovate to oblong, long and broad, glossy dark green.", "Coffea arabica __knowledge__ The flowers are white, 10–15 mm in diameter and grow in axillary clusters.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Fair trade is a social movement whose stated goal is to help producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainable farming.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Members of the movement advocate the payment of higher prices to exporters, as well as improved social and environmental standards.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ The movement focuses in particular on commodities, or products which are typically exported from developing countries to developed countries, but also consumed in domestic markets (e.g.", "Fair trade __knowledge__ Brazil, India and Bangladesh) most notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, wine, sugar, fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.", "Coffea __knowledge__ Coffea is a genus of flowering plants whose seeds, called coffee beans, are used to make various coffee beverages and products.", "Coffea __knowledge__ It is a member of the family Rubiaceae.", "Coffea __knowledge__ They are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia.", "Coffea __knowledge__ Coffee ranks as one of the world's most valuable and widely traded commodity crops and is an important export product of several countries, including those in Central and South America, the Caribbean and Africa.", "Coffea __knowledge__ Several species of \"Coffea\" may be grown for the seeds.", "Coffea __knowledge__ \"Coffea arabica\" accounts for 75–80 percent of the world's coffee production, while \"Coffea canephora\" accounts for about 20 percent.", "Agriculture in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Agriculture in Ethiopia is the foundation of the country's economy, accounting for half of gross domestic product (GDP), 83.9% of exports, and 80% of total employment.", "Agriculture in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Ethiopia's agriculture is plagued by periodic drought, soil degradation caused by overgrazing, deforestation, high levels of taxation and poor infrastructure (making it difficult and expensive to get goods to market).", "Agriculture in Ethiopia __knowledge__ Yet agriculture is the country's most promising resource.", "Agriculture in Ethiopia __knowledge__ A potential exists for self-sufficiency in grains and for export development in livestock, grains, vegetables, and fruits.", "Agriculture in Ethiopia __knowledge__ As many as 4.6 million people need food assistance annually." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Teapot __knowledge__ A teapot is a vessel used for steeping tea leaves or a herbal mix in boiling or near-boiling water, and for serving the resulting infusion which is called tea.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Dry tea is available either in tea bags or as loose tea, in which case a tea infuser or tea strainer may be of some assistance, either to hold the leaves as they steep or to catch the leaves inside the teapot when the tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Teapots usually have an opening with a lid at their top, where the dry tea and hot water are added, a handle for holding by hand and a spout through which the tea is served.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Some teapots have a strainer built-in on the inner edge of the spout.", "Teapot __knowledge__ A small air hole in the lid is often created to stop the spout from dripping and splashing when tea is poured.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In modern times, a thermal cover called a tea cosy may be used to enhance the steeping process or to prevent the contents of the teapot from cooling too rapidly.", "Teapot __knowledge__ The teapot was invented in China during the Yuan Dynasty.", "Teapot __knowledge__ It was probably derived from ceramic kettles and wine pots, which were made of bronze and other metals and were a feature of Chinese life for thousands of years.", "Teapot __knowledge__ Tea preparation during previous dynasties did not use a teapot.", "Teapot __knowledge__ In the Tang Dynasty, a cauldron was used to boil ground tea, which was served in bowls.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Kutiman __knowledge__ Ophir Kutiel (; born April 21st 1982), professionally known as Kutiman, is an Israeli musician, composer, producer and animator.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ He is best known for creating the online music video project, \"ThruYOU\", a self-titled album, and the viral on-going series \"Thru the City\" .", "Kutiman __knowledge__ Kutiel was born in Jerusalem, Israel, and grew up in Zichron Yaacov.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ He commenced piano lessons at the age of six and then learned to play drums and guitar at 14 years of age.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ When Kutiel was 18, he moved to Tel Aviv to study jazz at Rimon Music College.", "Kutiman __knowledge__ While working at a local convenience store in Tel Aviv, Israel, Kutiel discovered a college radio station that was playing genres of music that were vastly different from the classical jazz he had been accustomed to up until that point in time.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian National Scenic Trail, generally known as the Appalachian Trail or simply the A.T., is a marked hiking trail in the Eastern United States extending between Springer Mountain in Georgia and Mount Katahdin in Maine.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The trail is estimated around 2,200 miles (3,500 km) long, though the exact length changes over time as parts are modified or rerouted.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The Appalachian Trail Conservancy claims that the Appalachian Trail is the longest hiking-only trail in the world.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ More than 2 million people are said to take a hike on part of the trail at least once each year.", "Appalachian Trail __knowledge__ The idea of the Appalachian Trail came about in 1921.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ The Beverly Gray Mystery Stories, comprising 26 novels published between 1934 and 1955, were written by Clair Blank, pen name of Clarissa Mabel Blank Moyer.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ The series began as a series of school stories, and followed Beverly's progress through college, her various romances, and a career as a reporter before becoming strictly a mystery series.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ Beverly is portrayed as an extraordinarily determined individual, with \"a driving ambition in her heart that would not let her idle her life away.\"", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ Across 26 books, she leads \"such a life of adventure as would tax the resources of any soap opera heroine\".", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel." ] ]

[ 1, 76, 15, 13, 52 ]

[ "No, I don't but I have seen some really pretty ones and ones that are made for tea leaves.", "Tea originally comes from china and a lot of people who drink Chinese tea drink it all day.", "Coffee does seem to be really popular here and it comes from the Coffea plant which is grown mostly around the equator. ", "I don't even try to go there in the morning just because of how busy they are. I have heard that they have opened new Starbucks across the street from another one which makes sense since there are almost 25k of them worldwide.", "Well the one thing about Starbucks is that they offer amazing service and I have read before that the baristas learn a lot before taking customer orders." ]

[ "Teapot", "Teapot", "Teapot", "Teapot", "Teapot" ]

[ "Red hair\nDo you know anyone with red hair? I think it is an awesome trait to have.", "Yeah that is what makes it so desirable. Where is it most common in the world?", "Oh that explains why I don't see it much here in the south USA. I wonder how those areas got more redheads.", "Perhaps a evolutionary advantage, such as scaring off the polar bears, lol.", "Well guess I will just have to stick with my boring brown hair. Thanks for the interesting facts!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics is the study of genes—what they are, what they do, and how they work.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genes inside the nucleus of a cell are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit various features (phenotypic traits).", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell—gene expression; and how a cell divides—mitosis or meiosis.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ \"Ginger Kids\" is the eleventh episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ The 136th episode of the series overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 9, 2005.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ It caused controversy after its ironic premise was misunderstood by people who acted violently against redheads.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ In the episode, Cartman suffers from a mysterious and sudden onset of Gingervitus.", "Ginger Kids __knowledge__ Sick and tired of being ridiculed for his red hair, light skin and freckles, he rallies all the ginger kids everywhere to fight against discrimination and rise up and become the master race they are intended to be." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ Yeah Yeah Yeahs is an American indie rock band formed in New York City in 2000.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The group is composed of vocalist and pianist Karen O, guitarist and keyboardist Nick Zinner, and drummer Brian Chase.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ They are complemented in live performances by second guitarist David Pajo, who joined as a touring member in 2009 and replaced Imaad Wasif who had previously held this role.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ According to an interview that aired during the ABC network's \"Live from Central Park SummerStage\" series, the band's name was taken from modern New York City vernacular.", "Yeah Yeah Yeahs __knowledge__ The band has recorded four studio albums; the first, \"Fever to Tell\", was released in 2003.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ (Death Metal Symphony in Deep C) is the sixth studio album by Waltari that combines death metal with classical music.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Originally, \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written as a stage show.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After the show's premiere performance in 1995 at the Helsinki Music Festival, it was recorded and finally released in May 1996.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ \"Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Yeah!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ Die!\"", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ was written by Kärtsy Hatakka between 1992 and 1995.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ By the end of 1994, Hatakka got in contact with Riku Niemi, a Finnish conductor, composer and leader of Avanti!", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ symphony orchestra.", "Yeah! Yeah! Die! Die! Death Metal Symphony in Deep C __knowledge__ After Niemi became involved in the project, Hatakka finalized the work and Niemi arranged it for symphony orchestra.", "Race (human categorization) __knowledge__ Race is a concept used in the categorization of humans into groups, called races or racial groups, based on combinations of shared physical traits, ancestry, genetics, and social or cultural traits.", "Race (human categorization) __knowledge__ Although such groupings lack a firm basis in modern biology, they continue to have a strong influence over contemporary social relations.", "Race (human categorization) __knowledge__ First used to refer to speakers of a common language and then to denote national affiliations, by the 17th century race began to refer to physical (phenotypical) traits.", "Race (human categorization) __knowledge__ The term was often used in a general biological taxonomic sense, starting from the 19th century, to denote genetically differentiated human populations defined by phenotype.", "Human genetic variation __knowledge__ Human genetic variation is the genetic differences in and among populations.", "Human genetic variation __knowledge__ There may be multiple variants of any given gene in the human population (alleles), a situation called polymorphism.", "Human genetic variation __knowledge__ No two humans are genetically identical.", "Human genetic variation __knowledge__ On average, in DNA sequence, each human is 99.5% similar to any other human.", "Human genetic variation __knowledge__ Even monozygotic twins (who develop from one zygote) have infrequent genetic differences due to mutations occurring during development and gene copy-number variation.", "Human genetic variation __knowledge__ Differences between individuals, even closely related individuals, are the key to techniques such as genetic fingerprinting.", "Human genetic clustering __knowledge__ Human genetic clustering is the degree to which human genetic variation can be partitioned into a small number of groups or clusters.", "Human genetic clustering __knowledge__ A leading method of analysis uses mathematical cluster analysis of the degree of similarity of genetic data between individuals and groups in order to infer population structures and assign individuals to hypothesized ancestral groups.", "Human genetic clustering __knowledge__ A similar analysis can be done using principal components analysis, and several recent studies deploy both methods.", "Human genetic clustering __knowledge__ Analysis of genetic clustering examines the degree to which regional groups differ genetically, the categorization of individuals into clusters, and what can be learned about human ancestry from this data.", "Neanderthal __knowledge__ Neanderthals (, also ), more rarely known as Neandertals, were archaic humans that became extinct about 40,000 years ago.", "Neanderthal __knowledge__ They seem to have appeared in Europe and later expanded into Southwest, Central and Northern Asia.", "Neanderthal __knowledge__ There, they left hundreds of stone tool assemblages.", "Neanderthal __knowledge__ Almost all of those younger than 160,000 years are of the so-called Mousterian techno-complex, which is characterised by tools made out of stone flakes.", "Neanderthal __knowledge__ Neanderthals are considered either a distinct species, \"Homo neanderthalensis\", or more rarely a subspecies of \"Homo sapiens\" (\"H. s. neanderthalensis\").", "Neanderthal __knowledge__ Modern humans and Neanderthals share 99.7% of their DNA and are hence much more closely related than to their closest non-human relative, the chimpanzee (98.8%).", "Human __knowledge__ Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\", ssp.", "Human __knowledge__ \"Homo sapiens sapiens\") are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes.", "Human __knowledge__ They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.", "Human __knowledge__ Early hominins—particularly the australopithecines, whose brains and anatomy are in many ways more similar to ancestral non-human apes—are less often referred to as \"human\" than hominins of the genus \"Homo\".", "Human __knowledge__ Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia, and gave rise to anatomically modern \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa about 315,000 years ago.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Redhead (bird) __knowledge__ The redhead (\"Aythya americana\") is a medium-sized diving duck.", "Redhead (bird) __knowledge__ The scientific name is derived from Greek \"aithuia\" an unidentified seabird mentioned by authors including Hesychius and Aristotle, and Latin \"americana\", of America.", "Redhead (bird) __knowledge__ The redhead is long with an wingspan.", "Redhead (bird) __knowledge__ It belongs to the genus Aythya, together with 11 other described species.", "Redhead (bird) __knowledge__ The redhead and the common pochard form a sister group which together is sister to the canvasback.", "Redhead (bird) __knowledge__ The redhead goes by many names, including the red-headed duck and the red-headed pochard.", "Redhead (bird) __knowledge__ This waterfowl is easily distinguished from other ducks by the male’s copper coloured head and bright blue bill during the breeding season.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ Redhead Day (\"Roodharigendag\" in Dutch) is the name of a Dutch summer festival that takes place each first weekend of September in the city of Breda, in the Netherlands.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ The two-day festival is a gathering of people with natural red hair, but is also focused on art related to the colour red.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ Activities during the festival are lectures, workshops and demonstrations which are aimed specifically at red-haired people.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ The festival attracts attendance from fifty countries and is free of charge due to sponsorship of the local government.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ To be classified a 'Redhead', each participant must not have altered their original, natural hair colour in any way.", "Being Ginger __knowledge__ Being Ginger is a 2013 documentary/romantic comedy film directed, produced, and starring Scott P. Harris.", "Being Ginger __knowledge__ It starts off as the filmmaker, an American redhead living in Scotland, goes on a quest to try to find a mythical woman who specifically likes ginger men.", "Being Ginger __knowledge__ Over the course of the film it becomes more about the longterm impact of schoolyard bullying and self-acceptance.", "Being Ginger __knowledge__ The film opens as filmmaker Scott P. Harris explains his unique experience as a redhead.", "Being Ginger __knowledge__ He says he's had many female friends tell him they have a friend who just loves gingers, but he's never met one of them.", "Being Ginger __knowledge__ He takes his camera to the local park to stop women and ask what they think of redheads.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Global storm activity of 2009 __knowledge__ Global storm activity of 2009 profiles the major worldwide storms, including blizzards, ice storms, and other winter events, from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009.", "Global storm activity of 2009 __knowledge__ Wintery storms are events in which the dominant varieties of precipitation are forms that only occur at cold temperatures, such as snow or sleet, or a rainstorm where ground temperatures are cold enough to allow ice to form (i.e.", "Global storm activity of 2009 __knowledge__ freezing rain).", "Global storm activity of 2009 __knowledge__ It may be marked by strong wind, thunder and lightning (a thunderstorm), heavy precipitation, such as ice (ice storm), or wind transporting some substance through the atmosphere (as in a dust storm, snowstorm, hailstorm, etc.).", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ Central Europe is the region comprising the central part of Europe.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ It is said to occupy continuous territory that are otherwise conventionally Eastern Europe and Western Europe.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ The concept of Central Europe is based on a common historical, social and cultural identity.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ Central Europe is going through a phase of \"strategic awakening\", with initiatives such as the CEI, Centrope and the Visegrád Four.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ While the region's economy shows high disparities with regard to income, all Central European countries are listed by the Human Development Index as very highly developed.", "Central Europe __knowledge__ Elements of unity for Western and Central Europe were Roman Catholicism and Latin.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Great Divergence __knowledge__ \"Great Divergence\" is a term made popular by Kenneth Pomeranz's book by that title, (also known as the European miracle, a term coined by Eric Jones in 1981) referring to the process by which the Western world (i.e.", "Great Divergence __knowledge__ Western Europe and the parts of the New World where its people became the dominant populations) overcame pre-modern growth constraints and emerged during the 19th century as the most powerful and wealthy world civilization, eclipsing Medieval India, Qing China, the Ottoman Empire, and Tokugawa Japan.", "Great Divergence __knowledge__ Scholars have proposed a wide variety of theories to explain why the Great Divergence happened, including geography, colonialism, resources, customary traditions, and socio-economics.", "Cold War __knowledge__ The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).", "Cold War __knowledge__ Historians do not fully agree on the dates, but a common timeframe is the period between 1947, the year the Truman Doctrine, a U.S. foreign policy pledging to aid nations threatened by Soviet expansionism, was announced, and either 1989, when communism fell in Eastern Europe, or 1991, when the Soviet Union collapsed.", "Cold War __knowledge__ The term \"cold\" is used because there was no large-scale fighting directly between the two sides, but they each supported major regional wars known as proxy wars.", "Immigration to Europe __knowledge__ Immigration to Europe has a long history, but increased substantially in the later 20th century.", "Immigration to Europe __knowledge__ Western European countries, especially, saw a high growth in immigration after World War II and many European nations today (particularly those of the EU-15) have sizeable immigrant populations, both of European and non-European origin.", "Immigration to Europe __knowledge__ In contemporary globalization, migrations to Europe have accelerated in speed and scale.", "Immigration to Europe __knowledge__ Over the last decades, there has been an increase in negative attitudes towards immigration, and many studies have emphasized marked differences in the strength of anti-immigrant attitudes among European countries.", "Marshall Plan __knowledge__ The Marshall Plan (officially the European Recovery Program, ERP) was an American initiative to aid Western Europe, in which the United States gave over $13,000,000,000 (nearly $140 billion in current dollar value as of September 2017) in economic assistance to help rebuild Western European economies after the end of World War II.", "Marshall Plan __knowledge__ The plan was in operation for four years beginning on April 8, 1948.", "Marshall Plan __knowledge__ The goals of the United States were to rebuild war-torn regions, remove trade barriers, modernise industry, make Europe prosperous once more, and prevent the spread of Communism.", "Marshall Plan __knowledge__ The Marshall Plan required a lessening of interstate barriers, a dropping of many regulations, and encouraged an increase in productivity, trade union membership, as well as the adoption of modern business procedures.", "Europe __knowledge__ Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.", "Europe __knowledge__ It is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south.", "Europe __knowledge__ It comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia.", "Europe __knowledge__ since around 1850, Europe is most commonly considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways of the Turkish Straits.", "Europe __knowledge__ Though the term \"continent\" implies physical geography defines it, the land border is somewhat arbitrary and has moved since its first conception in classical antiquity." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ The polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\") is a carnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ It is a large bear, approximately the same size as the omnivorous Kodiak bear (\"Ursus arctos middendorffi\").", "Polar bear __knowledge__ A boar (adult male) weighs around , while a sow (adult female) is about half that size.", "Polar bear __knowledge__ Although it is the sister species of the brown bear, it has evolved to occupy a narrower ecological niche, with many body characteristics adapted for cold temperatures, for moving across snow, ice and open water, and for hunting seals, which make up most of its diet.", "ABC Islands bear __knowledge__ The ABC Islands bear (\"Ursus arctos sitkensis\") or Sitka brown bear is a subspecies of brown bear that resides in Southeast Alaska and is found on Admiralty Island, Baranof Island, and Chichagof Island of Alaska.", "ABC Islands bear __knowledge__ These islands have the colloquial name of the ABC Islands (Alaska) and are a part of the Alexander Archipelago.", "ABC Islands bear __knowledge__ This brown bear population has a unique genetic structure, which not only relates them to brown bears but to polar bears as well.", "ABC Islands bear __knowledge__ \"Ursus arctos sitkensis\" habitat exists within the Tongass National Forest, which is part of the perhumid rainforest zone.", "ABC Islands bear __knowledge__ The ABC Islands bears have the appearance of the typical Alaskan grizzly bear, which includes milk chocolate colored fur, a humped back, with a large size and reputation to match.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ Marine mammals are aquatic mammals that rely on the ocean and other marine ecosystems for their existence.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ They include animals such as seals, whales, manatees, sea otters and polar bears.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ They do not represent a distinct taxon or systematic grouping, but rather have a polyphyletic relation due to convergent evolution, as in they do not have an immediate common ancestor.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ They are also unified by their reliance on the marine environment for feeding.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ Marine mammal adaptation to an aquatic lifestyle varies considerably between species.", "Marine mammal __knowledge__ Both cetaceans and sirenians are fully aquatic and therefore are obligate water dwellers.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear (\"Ursus arctos\") is the most widely distributed bear and is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ It is one of the largest living terrestrial members of the order Carnivora, rivaled in body size only by its close cousin, the polar bear (\"Ursus maritimus\"), which is much less variable in size and slightly larger on average.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear's principal range includes parts of Russia, Central Asia, China, Canada, the United States (mostly Alaska), Scandinavia, and the Carpathian region (especially Romania), Anatolia, and Caucasus.", "Brown bear __knowledge__ The brown bear is recognized as a national and state animal in several European countries.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae.", "Bear __knowledge__ They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans.", "Bear __knowledge__ Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are found on the continents of North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.", "Bear __knowledge__ Common characteristics of modern bears include large bodies with stocky legs, long snouts, small rounded ears, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and short tails.", "Bear __knowledge__ While the polar bear is mostly carnivorous, and the giant panda feeds almost entirely on bamboo, the remaining six species are omnivorous with varied diets.", "Grizzly–polar bear hybrid __knowledge__ A grizzly–polar bear hybrid (also named grolar bear or pizzly bear or nanulak) is a rare ursid hybrid that has occurred both in captivity and in the wild.", "Grizzly–polar bear hybrid __knowledge__ In 2006, the occurrence of this hybrid in nature was confirmed by testing the DNA of a unique-looking bear that had been shot near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories on Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic.", "Grizzly–polar bear hybrid __knowledge__ Possible wild-bred polar bear-grizzly bear hybrids have been reported and shot in the past, but DNA tests were not available to verify the bears' ancestry.", "Grizzly–polar bear hybrid __knowledge__ Analyses of DNA sequences of bears have recovered multiple instances of introgressive hybridization between various bear species, including introgression of polar bear DNA into brown bears during the Pleistocene.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ Afro-Brazilians (; ) is a term used in the 21st century by some in Brazil to refer to Brazilian people with African ancestry.", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ The term does not have widespread use in Brazil, where social constructs and classifications have been based on appearance.", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ People with noticeable African features and skin color are generally referred to (and they identify) as \"negro\" or \"preto\" (\"black\").", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ Many members of another group of people, multiracial Brazilians, or \"pardos\", also have a range of degree of African ancestry.", "Afro-Brazilians __knowledge__ Preto and pardo are among five color categories used by the Brazilian Census, along with \"branco\" (\"white\"), \"amarelo\" (\"yellow\", East Asian) and \"indígena\" (Amerindian).", "White Brazilians __knowledge__ White Brazilians ( ) refers to Brazilian citizens of European or Levantine descent.", "White Brazilians __knowledge__ According to the 2010 Census, they totaled 91,051,646 people, and made up 47.73% of the Brazilian population.", "White Brazilians __knowledge__ The main ancestry of white Brazilians is Portuguese, followed by Italian, Spanish, German, and other German-speaking nationalities (Austrian, Swiss, Luxembourger and Volga German) Slavic (Polish, Ukrainian, Russian etc), Levantine, Dutch, French and Baltic.", "White Brazilians __knowledge__ The white Brazilian population is spread throughout the national territory, but its highest percentage is found in the three southernmost states, where 79.8% of the population has European or Caucasian phenotype, whereas the Southeast region has the largest absolute numbers.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ White Latin Americans or European Latin Americans are Latin Americans who are considered white, typically due to European, or in some cases Levantine, descent.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ Latin American countries have often encouraged miscegenation, and even a small amount of European ancestry could entail significant upwards social mobility.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ People descended from European settlers who arrived in the Americas during the colonial and post-independence periods can be found throughout Latin America.", "White Latin Americans __knowledge__ Most of the earliest settlers were Spanish and Portuguese; after independence, the most numerous immigrants have been Spanish and Italians, followed by Germans, Levantine Semites, Poles, Irish, British, French, Russians, Belgians, Dutch, Scandinavians, Ukrainians, Hungarians, Croats, Swiss, Greeks, and other Europeans.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ European Mexicans are Mexican citizens of complete or predominant European descent.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ While the Mexican government periodically conducts racial censuses for \"Indigenous Mexicans\" and \"Afro-Mexicans\" it has not conducted a census for European Mexicans for nearly a century.", "Mexicans of European descent __knowledge__ Estimates of this ethnic group as a segment of the country's population range from 9% and 20% according to \"The World Factbook\" and Encyclopædia Britannica to as high as 47% according to the ENADIS 2010 (National Survey About Discrimination), conducted by the CONAPRED (National Council to Prevent Discrimination) as a mean to address the problems of racism that Mexicans of mainly Indigenous or African ancestry suffer at hands of a society that favors light skinned, European looking Mexicans.", "White people __knowledge__ White people is a racial classification specifier, used for people of Caucasian ancestry, with the exact implications dependent on context.", "White people __knowledge__ The usage of \"white people\" or a \"white race\" for a large group of (mainly European) populations, defined besides other characteristics by their light skin and contrasting with \"black people\", Native Americans, \"colored\" or \"persons of color\" originated in the 17th century.", "White people __knowledge__ It was only during the 18th century, that this floating category was transformed in a quasi-scientific system of race and skin color relations.", "White people __knowledge__ The concept of a homogeneous white race did not achieve universal acceptance in Europe.", "Genetic studies on Jews __knowledge__ Genetic studies on Jews are part of the population genetics discipline and are used to better understand the chronology of migration provided by research in other fields, such as history, archaeology, linguistics, and paleontology.", "Genetic studies on Jews __knowledge__ These studies investigate the origins of various Jewish populations today.", "Genetic studies on Jews __knowledge__ In particular, they investigate whether there is a common genetic heritage among various Jewish populations.", "Genetic studies on Jews __knowledge__ Studies of autosomal DNA, which look at the entire DNA mixture, show that Jewish populations have tended to form relatively closely related groups in independent communities, with most in a community sharing significant ancestry and up to 75% Levantine genes.", "Multiracial Americans __knowledge__ Multiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of \"two or more races\".", "Multiracial Americans __knowledge__ The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially (cf.", "Multiracial Americans __knowledge__ the one-drop rule).", "Multiracial Americans __knowledge__ In the 2010 US census, approximately 9 million individuals, or 2.9% of the population, self-identified as multiracial.", "Multiracial Americans __knowledge__ There is evidence that an accounting by genetic ancestry would produce a higher number.", "Multiracial Americans __knowledge__ Historical reasons, including slavery creating a racial caste and the European-American suppression of Native Americans, often led people to identify or be classified by only one ethnicity, generally that of the culture in which they were raised." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Brown hair is the second most common human hair color, after black hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ It varies from light brown to almost black hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by higher levels of the dark pigment eumelanin and lower levels of the pale pigment pheomelanin.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Its strands are thicker than those of fair hair but not as much as those of red hair.", "Brown hair __knowledge__ People with brown hair are often referred to as brunette, which in French is the feminine form of \"brunet,\" the diminutive of \"brun\" (brown, brown-haired or dark-haired).", "Brown hair __knowledge__ Brown hair is common among populations in the Western world, especially among those from Central Europe, Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, Southern Europe, Southern Cone, the United States, and also some populations in the Greater Middle East where it transitions smoothly into black hair.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The \"Angel's Friends\" comic and cartoon series features a cast of characters designed by Giada Perissinotto (comic) and Igor Chimisso (cartoon).", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional town, where four teenage Angels and four teenage Devils, are attending the Golden School to learn the art of being Guardian Angels and Guardian Devils, guarding and tempting the human beings, called Earthly ones.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ Angels come from Angie Town and are ruled by the High Spheres, while Devils are from Sulfur City and are ruled by Low Spheres.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The Angels, called \"Angel's Friends\", are led by the main character, Raf, and are composed of her three friends Uri, Miki and Sweet, while the Devils, called \"Devil's Enemies\", are led by Sulfus and are composed by his friends Kabale, Cabiria and Gas.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ An unidentified decedent, or UID, is a deceased person whose legal identity is unable to be determined by law enforcement.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Although the majority of individuals are identified soon after their bodies are recovered, it is not uncommon for bodies to remain unidentified for years or even decades.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ There are approximately 40,000 unidentified decedents in the United States at any given time.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ A deceased body can be identified in several different ways.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Most commonly, a relative of the deceased identifies the body by sight.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ However, if a body is decomposed, skeletal, or unrecognizable due to severe facial trauma at the time of recovery, other methods must be used.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "QI __knowledge__ QI (Quite Interesting) is a British comedy panel game television quiz show created and co-produced by John Lloyd, and features permanent panelist Alan Davies.", "QI __knowledge__ Stephen Fry was host of the show from its initial pilot, before departing after the final episode of the M series in 2015, with frequent \"QI\" panelist Sandi Toksvig replacing him prior to the beginning of the N series in 2016.", "QI __knowledge__ The format of the show focuses on Davies and three other guest panelists answering questions that are extremely obscure, making it unlikely that the correct answer will be given.", "QI __knowledge__ To compensate, the panelists are awarded points not only for the right answer, but also for interesting ones, regardless of whether they are right or even relate to the original question, while points are deducted for \"answers which are not only wrong, but pathetically obvious\" – typically answers that are generally believed to be true but in fact are misconceptions.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ For genes on an autosome (any chromosome other than a sex chromosome), the alleles and their associated traits are autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance is a key concept in Mendelian inheritance and classical genetics.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Often the dominant allele codes for a functional protein whereas the recessive allele does not.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ A classic example of dominance is the inheritance of seed shape in peas.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Zygosity is the degree of similarity of the alleles for a trait in an organism.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Most eukaryotes have two matching sets of chromosomes; that is, they are diploid.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Diploid organisms have the same loci on each of their two sets of homologous chromosomes except that the sequences at these loci may differ between the two chromosomes in a matching pair and that a few chromosomes may be mismatched as part of a chromosomal sex-determination system.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ If both alleles of a diploid organism are the same, the organism is homozygous at that locus.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ If they are different, the organism is heterozygous at that locus.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Mendelian inheritance is a type of biological inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866 and re-discovered in 1900.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ These laws were initially controversial.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ When Mendel's theories were integrated with the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1915, they became the core of classical genetics.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Ronald Fisher combined these ideas with the theory of natural selection in his 1930 book \"The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection\", putting evolution onto a mathematical footing and forming the basis for population genetics within the modern evolutionary synthesis.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics is the study of genes—what they are, what they do, and how they work.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genes inside the nucleus of a cell are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit various features (phenotypic traits).", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell—gene expression; and how a cell divides—mitosis or meiosis.", "Preimplantation genetic diagnosis __knowledge__ Pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD or PIGD) is the genetic profiling of embryos prior to implantation (as a form of embryo profiling), and sometimes even of oocytes prior to fertilization.", "Preimplantation genetic diagnosis __knowledge__ PGD is considered in a similar fashion to prenatal diagnosis.", "Preimplantation genetic diagnosis __knowledge__ When used to screen for a specific genetic disease, its main advantage is that it avoids selective pregnancy termination as the method makes it highly likely that the baby will be free of the disease under consideration.", "Preimplantation genetic diagnosis __knowledge__ PGD thus is an adjunct to assisted reproductive technology, and requires in vitro fertilization (IVF) to obtain oocytes or embryos for evaluation.", "Chondrodystrophy __knowledge__ Chondrodystrophy (literally, \"cartilage maldevelopment\") refers to a skeletal disorder caused by one of myriad genetic mutations that can affect the development of cartilage.", "Chondrodystrophy __knowledge__ As a very general term it is only used in the medical literature when a more precise description of the condition is unavailable.", "Chondrodystrophy __knowledge__ People with chondrodystrophy have a normal-sized trunk and abnormally short limbs and extremities (dwarfism).", "Chondrodystrophy __knowledge__ Those affected with the disorder often call themselves dwarves, little people or short-statured persons.", "Chondrodystrophy __knowledge__ Over 100 specific skeletal dysplasias have been identified.", "Chondrodystrophy __knowledge__ Chondrodystrophy is found in all races and in both females and male and occurs in around one of every 25,000 children." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 3, 3 ]

[ "No, but red hair is really rare among human populations.", "Probably in northern or western European countries.", "It would appear that it is in the northern or western European ancestry, for whatever reason.", "Must be it haha. More likely that they have two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16.", "No problem man, I feel you I wish I had a cool head of red hair." ]

[ "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair" ]

[ "Chocolate\nchocolate is so delicous", "oh yea its some old stuff", "oh i didnt know that thats quite cool", "thats insanely long ago", "white chocolate can be quite tasty" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Barry Manilow __knowledge__ Barry Manilow (born Barry Alan Pincus; June 17, 1943) is an American singer-songwriter, arranger, musician and producer with a career that has spanned more than 50 years.", "Barry Manilow __knowledge__ His hit recordings include \"Mandy\", \"Can't Smile Without You\", and \"Copacabana (At the Copa)\".", "Barry Manilow __knowledge__ He has recorded and released 47 Top 40 singles, including 12 that hit number one and 27 of which appeared within the top ten, and has released many multi-platinum albums.", "Barry Manilow __knowledge__ Although not a favorite artist of music critics, Manilow has been praised by entertainers including Frank Sinatra, who was quoted in the 1970s as saying, \"He's next.\"", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury, formerly Cadbury's, is a British multinational confectionery company wholly owned by Mondelez International (originally Kraft Foods) since 2010.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ It is the second-largest confectionery brand in the world after Wrigley's.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury is internationally headquartered in Uxbridge, West London, and operates in more than 50 countries worldwide.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ It is famous for its Dairy Milk chocolate, the Creme Egg and Roses selection box, and many other confectionery products.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ One of the best-known British brands, in 2013 \"The Daily Telegraph\" named Cadbury among Britain's most successful exports.", "Cadbury __knowledge__ Cadbury was established in Birmingham, England in 1824, by John Cadbury who sold tea, coffee and drinking chocolate.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats are produced in different variations around the world, with several countries claiming to have invented it or hailing it as their \"national confection\".", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Originally the treat was made using cream (hence the Danish name \"flødeboller\" (cream buns)), but the filling was later made from egg whites to help industrialize production and improve shelf life.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Many languages used to call these treats by phrases or compounds using a counterpart to negro (e.g.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ \"negro's kiss\", \"negro bun\"); most but not all of these are increasingly being avoided, especially in formal writing, in favour of replacements such as \"choco-kiss\".", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "Chocolate fountain __knowledge__ A chocolate fountain is a device for serving chocolate fondue.", "Chocolate fountain __knowledge__ Typical examples resemble a stepped cone, standing 2–4 feet tall with a crown at the top and stacked tiers over a basin at the bottom.", "Chocolate fountain __knowledge__ The basin is heated to keep the chocolate in a liquid state so it can be pulled into a center cylinder then vertically transported to the top of the fountain by an Archimedes Screw.", "Chocolate fountain __knowledge__ From there it flows over the tiers creating a chocolate \"waterfall\" in which food items like strawberries or marshmallows can be dipped.", "Chocolate fountain __knowledge__ \"Chocolate fountain machines\" were invented by Ben Brisman and popularized in 1991 by a Canadian company called Design & Realisation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Butch Patterson: Private Dick is a Canadian serial comedy television series centering on the seedy exploits of a self-described premature ejaculating, alcoholic, kleptomaniac, sexually deviant private detective played by Canadian actor/comedian Greg Lawrence.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ The series had a three season run, airing on The Comedy Network.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Although the show was not a critical or commercial success, it maintains a small cult following.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ After the series' initial run, reruns were featured on the now defunct CBC Country Canada.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Since then, all three original seasons have been released on DVD.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Most of the episodes are focused around the cases that Butch Patterson is investigating at the time.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" (occasionally spelt as \"Oh Yea\") is a song by Ash, released as the fifth single from their album \"1977\" on 24 June 1996.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It was released as a single CD, a 7\" vinyl (the limited edition 7\" was yellow and came with a picture sleeve), and as a cassette.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ The UK Promo version of the track is thought of as quite rare, and a collector's item between fans.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It comes on orange 7\" vinyl and has the same track on both sides.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was the first single released after the release of \"1977\" and was their second Top 10 single, reaching number 6 in the UK singles chart.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It is probably Ash's best-known song and one of the best known from the Brit-Pop period.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ \"25/8\" is a song by American R&B recording artist Mary J. Blige.", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Blige, Crystal Johnson, Al Sherrod Lambert, and Eric Hudson for her tenth studio album, \"My Life II...", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ The Journey Continues (Act 1)\" (2011), while production was handled by Blige and the latter.", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ An R&B and soul song with heavy influences of 1970s-style quiet storm, \"25/8\" is built on drum splashes and a fluttering flute, and samples from B. T. Express's rendition of \"Now That We Found Love\", written by Kenneth Gamble and Leon Huff.", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, it features the female protagonist expressing her need to have more than 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to spend time with her love interest.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Zameer Rizvi (born 5 February 1981) is a Canadian singer/songwriter, musician and composer.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ As a songwriter, Zameer's subject matter is usually inspired by personal experiences.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His songs vary anywhere from upbeat party-like music, to soulful reflective music, to political music reflecting his views on social justice.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His honest writing style earned him worldwide recognition when his song about social injustice against athletes with disabilities, \"Win or Defeat\", was licensed as a theme song by the 2010 Paralympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi went on to perform the song at the 2010 Olympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi garnered further success with strong sales of his debut album \"From Under the Bleachers\" from which the single \"Glory of Love\" rose to the 73rd spot on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charts.", "Olmec __knowledge__ The Olmecs were the earliest known major civilization in Mexico following a progressive development in Soconusco.", "Olmec __knowledge__ They lived in the tropical lowlands of south-central Mexico, in the present-day states of Veracruz and Tabasco.", "Olmec __knowledge__ It has been speculated that Olmec derive in part from neighboring Mokaya or Mixe–Zoque.", "Olmec __knowledge__ The population of the Olmecs flourished during Mesoamerica's formative period, dating roughly from as early as 1500 BCE to about 400 BCE.", "Olmec __knowledge__ Pre-Olmec cultures had flourished in the area since about 2500 BCE, but by 1600–1500 BCE, early Olmec culture had emerged, centered on the San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán site near the coast in southeast Veracruz.", "5566 __knowledge__ 5566 was a Taiwanese boy band, formed under Taiwanese music company, J-Star.", "5566 __knowledge__ The name is derived from their original five members (Zax Wang, Jason Hsu, Sam Wang, Rio Peng and band leader Tony Sun), working in six entertainment fields (singing, movies and dramas, hosting, modelling, commercials, and dancing).", "5566 __knowledge__ Over the course of their career, they have starred in three idol dramas: \"My MVP Valentine\", \"Westside Story\", and \"Mr. Fighting\".", "5566 __knowledge__ They have also released four albums: \"1st Album\", \"Boyfriend\", \"Long Time No See\", and \"Bravo\"; two compilation albums: \"C'est Si Bon Greatest Hits\", \"I Love 56 - Re-emerging Legends: 5 Years Greatest Hits\"; and taken part in four OSTs: \"My MVP Valentine OST\", \"Westside Story soundtrack\", \"Mr. Fighting OST\", and \"Ying Ye 3 Jia 1\".", "Indus Valley Civilisation __knowledge__ The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), or Harappan Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation (3300–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) mainly in the northwestern regions of South Asia, extending from what today is northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India.", "Indus Valley Civilisation __knowledge__ Along with Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, it was one of three early cradles of civilisations of the Old World, and of the three, the most widespread.", "Indus Valley Civilisation __knowledge__ Aridification of this region during the 3rd millennium BCE may have been the initial spur for the urbanisation associated with the civilisation, but eventually also reduced the water supply enough to cause the civilisation's demise, and to scatter its population eastward.", "History of science and technology in the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ The history of science and technology in the Indian Subcontinent begins with prehistoric human activity in the Indus Valley Civilization to early states and empires.", "History of science and technology in the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ Following independence, science and technology in the Republic of India has included automobile engineering, information technology, communications as well as space, polar, and nuclear sciences.", "History of science and technology in the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ By 5500 BCE a number of sites similar to Mehrgarh had appeared, forming the basis of later chalcolithic cultures.", "History of science and technology in the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ The inhabitants of these sites maintained trading relations with Near East and Central Asia.", "History of science and technology in the Indian subcontinent __knowledge__ This was developed in the Indus Valley Civilization by around 4500 BCE.", "Indo-Aryan migration __knowledge__ Indo-Aryan migration models discuss scenarios around the theory of an origin from outside South Asia of Indo-Aryan peoples, an ascribed ethnolinguistic group that spoke Indo-Aryan languages, the predominant languages of North India.", "Indo-Aryan migration __knowledge__ Proponents of Indo-Aryan origin outside of South Asia generally consider migrations into the region and Anatolia (ancient Mitanni) from Central Asia to have started around 1500 BCE, as a slow diffusion during the Late Harappan period, which led to a language shift in northern South Asia.", "Indo-Aryan migration __knowledge__ The Iranian languages were brought into Iran by the Iranians, who were closely related to the Indo-Aryans.", "History of India __knowledge__ The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism; the onset of a succession of powerful dynasties and empires for more than three millennia throughout various geographic areas of the subcontinent, including the growth of Muslim dominions during the Medieval period intertwined with Hindu powers; the advent of European traders and privateers, resulting in the establishment of British India; and the subsequent independence movement that led to the Partition of India and the creation of the Republic of India." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The New York Gold Exchange was an exchange formed shortly after the beginning of the American Civil War for the purpose of creating an open market for transactions involving gold and the government-created paper currency, the greenback.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Established in 1862, it closed in 1897.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was established in 1862 in a basement on New Street.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was created during the American Civil War, when the Union issued paper money to fund the war effort.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Gold trading was initially banned at the New York Stock Exchange, which viewed the practice as unpatriotic speculation in wartime.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ This was because Confederate victories resulted in an increase in the price of gold relative to the greenback dollar, causing gold traders to sing \"Dixie\" in the Exchange when they received news of a Confederate victory.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Gold exchange-traded products are exchange-traded funds (ETFs), closed-end funds (CEFs) and exchange-traded notes (ETNs) that aim to track the price of gold.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Gold exchange-traded products are traded on the major stock exchanges including Zurich, Mumbai, London, Paris and New York.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ , physically backed funds held 2,062.6 tonnes of vaulted gold in total for private and institutional investors.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Each gold ETF, ETN, and CEF has a different structure outlined in its prospectus.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ Some such instruments do not necessarily hold physical gold.", "Gold exchange-traded product __knowledge__ For example, gold ETNs generally track the price of gold using derivatives.", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ \"Great Balls of Fire\" is a 1957 popular song recorded by Jerry Lee Lewis on Sun Records and featured in the 1957 movie \"Jamboree\".", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ It was written by Otis Blackwell and Jack Hammer.", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ The Jerry Lee Lewis 1957 recording was ranked as the 96th greatest song ever by \"Rolling Stone\".", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ The song is in AABA form.", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ The song sold one million copies in its first 10 days of release in the United States and sold over five million copies, making it both one of the best-selling singles in the United States, as well as one of the world's best-selling singles of all time.", "Great Balls of Fire __knowledge__ The song is best known for Jerry Lee Lewis's original recording, which was recorded in the Sun Studio in Memphis, Tennessee, on October 8, 1957, using three personnel: Lewis (piano/vocals), Sidney Stokes (bass), and a session drummer, name unknown, instead of the usual Sun backups Jimmy Van Eaton (drums) and Roland Janes (guitar).", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ Steve Robson (born November 1969, Jarrow, Tyne and Wear) is an English songwriter, record producer and multi-instrumentalist.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ Born in Jarrow in November 1969.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ He began his adult career playing in covers bands and working men's clubs around the North East of England.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ He quickly moved into TV work engineering and programming for shows such as Crocodile Shoes.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ He also produced the second Crocodile Shoes Album.", "Steve Robson __knowledge__ He had his first hit in 1998 with a song called \"123\" for Dina Carroll which was quickly followed by singles for Honeyz 'Never Let You Down', Westlife 'Queen of My Heart', Blue 'U Make Me Wanna, Rascal Flatts 'These Days' which was his first US number 1 and Def Leppard 'Long Long Way To Go'.", "B-Boy Records __knowledge__ B-Boy Records was an important independent hip hop record label formed by Jack Allen and William Kamarra in 1986, and situated at 132nd Street and Cypress Avenue in the Bronx, New York City.", "B-Boy Records __knowledge__ Its most notable signing was Boogie Down Productions, and it released Boogie Down Productions' first singles, \"South Bronx\" (1986) and \"The Bridge is Over\" (1987), and the group's landmark debut album, \"Criminal Minded\" (1987).", "B-Boy Records __knowledge__ Other acts that recorded for the label included JVC Force, Cold Crush Brothers, Levi 167 and Jewel T. The label's output is a mix of new names and old pioneers, and documents a period in which self-assertive lyrics begin to detail street life even as the music moved from hardcore drum-machine-based tracks to the horns and drum sounds of sampler-based hip hop.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Currency of Ecuador __knowledge__ The article provides a historical summary of the currency used in Ecuador.", "Currency of Ecuador __knowledge__ The present currency of Ecuador is the United States dollar.", "Currency of Ecuador __knowledge__ Quito was part of Gran Colombia until 1830 as \"Departamento del Sur\".", "Currency of Ecuador __knowledge__ Gran Colombia's monetary regulations retained the old Spanish colonial system, with both milled and hammered coin circulating.", "Currency of Ecuador __knowledge__ Gold and silver were minted at Popayán and Bogotá, copper at Caracas.", "Currency of Ecuador __knowledge__ On July 28, 1823, Bolívar authorized a mint at Quito, but almost a decade would pass before one opened there.", "Currency of Ecuador __knowledge__ Cobs (macuquina) were ordered withdrawn in 1826, but because of the lack of other coin, they continued to circulate.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ This is an alphabetic list of achievements in science and technology made by Indigenous peoples of the Americas during the 13,500 years or more that they have inhabited the American continent.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ abstract art- Abstract art was used by nearly all tribes and civilizations of North and South America.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ Native American art was believed to be primitive until the 1990s, when it served as inspiration for the modern American abstract art movement.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ adobe- Adobe was used by the peoples from South America, Mesoamerica, and up to Southwestern tribes of the U.S.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ It is estimated that it was developed around the year 3000 BC.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ Aztec cuisine was the cuisine of the Aztec Empire and the Nahua peoples of the Valley of Mexico prior to European contact in 1519.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ The most important staple was corn (maize), a crop that was so important to Aztec society that it played a central part in their mythology.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ Just like wheat in much of Europe or rice in most of East Asia, it was the food without which a meal was not a meal.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ It came in varieties that differed in color, texture, size and prestige, and was eaten as corn tortillas, tamales or \"ātōlli\", maize gruel.", "Aztec cuisine __knowledge__ The other constants of Aztec food were salt and chili peppers and the basic definition of Aztec fasting was to abstain from these two flavors.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its hieroglyphic script—the only known fully developed writing system of the pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ The Maya civilization developed in an area that encompasses southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador.", "Maya civilization __knowledge__ This region consists of the northern lowlands encompassing the Yucatán Peninsula, and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, running from the Mexican state of Chiapas, across southern Guatemala and onwards into El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ Chiapas (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas (), is one of the 31 states that with Mexico City make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ It is divided into 124 municipalities as of September 2017 and its capital city is Tuxtla Gutiérrez.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ Other important population centers in Chiapas include Ocosingo, Tapachula, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Comitán and Arriaga.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ It is the southernmost state, bordered by the states of Oaxaca to the west, Veracruz to the northwest and Tabasco to the north, and by the Petén, Quiché, Huehuetenango and San Marcos departments of Guatemala to the east and southeast.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The history of chocolate begins in Mesoamerica.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Fermented beverages made from chocolate date back to 1900 BC.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ The Aztecs believed that cacao seeds were the gift of Quetzalcoatl, the god of wisdom, and the seeds once had so much value that they were used as a form of currency.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Originally prepared only as a drink, chocolate was served as a bitter, from a liquid, mixed with spices or corn puree.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ It was believed to have aphrodisiac powers and to give the drinker strength.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ Today, such drinks are also known as \"Chilate\" and are made by locals in the South of Mexico.", "History of chocolate __knowledge__ After its arrival to Europe in the sixteenth century, sugar was added to it, rendering it an aphrodisiac, and it became popular throughout society, first among the ruling classes and then among the common people." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "Toyota Crown __knowledge__ The Toyota Crown (Japanese: トヨタクラウン \"Toyota Kuraun\") is a line of mid/full-size luxury sedans by Toyota primarily aimed at the Japanese market and sold in other select Asian markets.", "Toyota Crown __knowledge__ Introduced in 1955, it has served as the mainstream sedan from Toyota in the Japanese market throughout its existence and holds the distinction of being the longest running passenger-car nameplate affixed to any Toyota model, along with being the first Toyota vehicle to be exported to the United States in 1958.", "Toyota Crown __knowledge__ Its traditional competitors in Japan and Asia have been the Nissan Cedric/Gloria/Fuga and the Honda Legend, along with the defunct Mazda Luce, Isuzu Bellel, and Mitsubishi Debonair.", "Landless Workers' Movement __knowledge__ Landless Workers' Movement (, MST) is a social movement in Brazil, inspired by Marxism , generally regarded as one of the largest in Latin America with an estimated informal membership of 1.5 million membership across 23 of Brazil's 26 states.", "Landless Workers' Movement __knowledge__ MST defines its goals as access to the land for poor workers through land reform in Brazil and activism around social issues that make land ownership more difficult to achieve, such as unequal income distribution, racism, sexism, and media monopolies.", "Landless Workers' Movement __knowledge__ MST strives to achieve a self-sustainable way of life for the rural poor.", "Landless Workers' Movement __knowledge__ The MST differs from previous land reform movements in its single-issue focus; land reform for them is a self-justifying cause.", "Education in Tunisia __knowledge__ Since gaining independence from the French in 1956, Tunisian education sector has shown great progress.", "Education in Tunisia __knowledge__ The government of Tunisia has focused on developing an education system which produces a solid human capital base that could respond to the changing needs of a developing nation.", "Education in Tunisia __knowledge__ Sustained structural reform efforts since the early 1990s, prudent macroeconomic policies, and deeper trade integration in the global economy have created an enabling environment for growth.", "Education in Tunisia __knowledge__ This environment has been conducive to attain positive achievements in the education sector which placed Tunisia ahead of countries with similar income levels, and in a good position to achieve MDGs.", "Toyota Century __knowledge__ The Toyota Century (Japanese: トヨタ・センチュリー) is a large four-door limousine produced mainly for the Japanese market, serving as Toyota's flagship car within Japan; globally the unrelated Lexus LS series is Toyota's flagship luxury model outside Japan.", "Toyota Century __knowledge__ Production of the Century began in 1967, and the model received only minor changes until a redesign in 1997.", "Toyota Century __knowledge__ The Century derived its name from the 100th birthday of Sakichi Toyoda (born 14 February 1867), the founder of Toyota Industries.", "Toyota Century __knowledge__ It is often used by the Imperial House of Japan, the Prime Minister of Japan, senior Japanese government leaders, and high-level executive businessmen.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ So Long Ago the Garden is an album recorded by Larry Norman, released in 1973.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ It is the second album in what came to be known as his \"trilogy,\" which began with the album \"Only Visiting This Planet\" and concluded with \"In Another Land\".", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ \"So Long Ago the Garden\" was controversial because Norman's previously blatant Christian beliefs were more veiled on this album.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ In the song \"Shot Down\", on the album \"In Another Land\", Norman responded to accusations by fellow Christians that he had abandoned his faith in search of fame and fortune.", "So Long Ago the Garden __knowledge__ On 7 August 1973 Norman entered AIR studios in London to record his favorite album, the second album in his Trilogy, \"So Long Ago the Garden\", which was produced by The Triumvirate of British producers Rod Edwards, Roger Hand, Jon Miller.", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ \"Long Ago and Far Away\" is a song written by James Taylor and first released on his 1971 album \"Mud Slide Slim and the Blue Horizon\".", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ It was the follow up single to \"You've Got a Friend\" and became a Top 40 hit in the U.S. and a Top 20 hit in Canada, and made the Top 10 on the Adult Contemporary chart in the U.S.", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ It has also been covered by New York Voices and Johnny Mathis.", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ Taylor wrote \"Long Ago and Far Away\" in 1970, about a year before it was recorded for \"Mud Slide Slim\".", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ Joni Mitchell sings background vocals and Carole King plays piano.", "Long Ago and Far Away (James Taylor song) __knowledge__ It is a sad song that Taylor biographer Timothy White calls \"among the most wistful of Taylor's vast catalogue of secular hymns.\"", "Hemispherical combustion chamber __knowledge__ A hemispherical combustion chamber is a type of combustion chamber in a reciprocating internal combustion engine with a domed cylinder head.", "Hemispherical combustion chamber __knowledge__ The hemispherical shape provides a number of advantages over a reverse-flow cylinder head but comes up short in others, particularly in carbureted engines.", "Hemispherical combustion chamber __knowledge__ An engine featuring this type of hemispherical chamber is known as a hemi engine.", "Hemispherical combustion chamber __knowledge__ Hemispherical combustion chambers were introduced on some of the earliest automotive engines, shortly after proving the concept of internal combustion engines themselves.", "Hemispherical combustion chamber __knowledge__ Their name reflects the concept of a domed cylinder head and the top of the piston enclosing a space that approximates a half of a sphere (\"hemi-\" + \"-sphere\" + \"-ical\"), although in practice it is generally less than half.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ This is an alphabetic list of achievements in science and technology made by Indigenous peoples of the Americas during the 13,500 years or more that they have inhabited the American continent.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ abstract art- Abstract art was used by nearly all tribes and civilizations of North and South America.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ Native American art was believed to be primitive until the 1990s, when it served as inspiration for the modern American abstract art movement.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ adobe- Adobe was used by the peoples from South America, Mesoamerica, and up to Southwestern tribes of the U.S.", "Native American contributions __knowledge__ It is estimated that it was developed around the year 3000 BC.", "Patrick Edward McGovern __knowledge__ Patrick Edward McGovern (born December 9, 1944) is the Scientific Director of the Biomolecular Archaeology Laboratory for Cuisine, Fermented Beverages, and Health at the University of Pennsylvania Museum in Philadelphia, where he is also an Adjunct Professor of Anthropology.", "Patrick Edward McGovern __knowledge__ In the popular imagination, he is known as the \"Indiana Jones of Ancient Ales, Wines, and Extreme Beverages\" His academic background combined the physical sciences, archaeology, and history–an A.B.", "Patrick Edward McGovern __knowledge__ in Chemistry from Cornell University, graduate work in neurochemistry at the University of Rochester, and a Ph.D. in Near Eastern Archaeology and Literature from the Asian and Middle Eastern Studies Department of the University of Pennsylvania.", "Cuestión moral: si el chocolate quebranta el ayuno eclesiástico __knowledge__ Cuestión moral: si el chocolate quebranta el ayuno eclesiástico (in English: \"Whether chocolate breaks ecclesiastical fast: a moral question\") is a 1636 book written by the Spanish historian Antonio de León Pinelo about the role of chocolate beverages in European society in the 17th century.", "Cuestión moral: si el chocolate quebranta el ayuno eclesiástico __knowledge__ This book was written during the 17th century, a time when chocolate became a very popular drink in Spain.", "Cuestión moral: si el chocolate quebranta el ayuno eclesiástico __knowledge__ The chocolate drink was introduced among the Mexican religious, and later, in the highest social ranks of the European society.", "Cuestión moral: si el chocolate quebranta el ayuno eclesiástico __knowledge__ There were controversies at the time among the ecclesiastical authorities about the supposed stimulating effect of the beverage, thus its consumption in the churches was prohibited in 1681.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Chiapas __knowledge__ Chiapas (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Chiapas (), is one of the 31 states that with Mexico City make up the 32 federal entities of Mexico.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ It is divided into 124 municipalities as of September 2017 and its capital city is Tuxtla Gutiérrez.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ Other important population centers in Chiapas include Ocosingo, Tapachula, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Comitán and Arriaga.", "Chiapas __knowledge__ It is the southernmost state, bordered by the states of Oaxaca to the west, Veracruz to the northwest and Tabasco to the north, and by the Petén, Quiché, Huehuetenango and San Marcos departments of Guatemala to the east and southeast.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ The Tasmanian devil (\"Sarcophilus harrisii\") is a carnivorous marsupial of the family Dasyuridae.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ It was once native to mainland Australia and is now found in the wild only on the island state of Tasmania, including tiny east-coast Maria Island where there is a conservation project with disease-free animals.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ The size of a small dog, the Tasmanian devil became the largest carnivorous marsupial in the world following the extinction of the thylacine in 1936.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ It is related to quolls and distantly related to the thylacine.", "Tasmanian devil __knowledge__ It is characterised by its stocky and muscular build, black fur, pungent odour, extremely loud and disturbing screech, keen sense of smell, and ferocity when feeding." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Chocolate is a typically sweet, usually brown food preparation of \"Theobroma cacao\" seeds, roasted and ground.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ It is made in the form of a liquid, paste, or in a block, or used as a flavoring ingredient in other foods.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Cacao has been cultivated by many cultures for at least three millennia in Mesoamerica.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The earliest evidence of use traces to the Olmecs (Mexico), with evidence of chocolate beverages dating back to 1900 BCE.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ In fact, the majority of Mesoamerican people made chocolate beverages, including the Maya and Aztecs, who made it into a beverage known as \"xocolātl\" , a Nahuatl word meaning \"bitter water\".", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The seeds of the cacao tree have an intense bitter taste and must be fermented to develop the flavor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ After fermentation, the beans are dried, cleaned, and roasted.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The shell is removed to produce cacao nibs, which are then ground to cocoa mass, unadulterated chocolate in rough form.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Once the cocoa mass is liquefied by heating, it is called chocolate liquor.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ The liquor also may be cooled and processed into its two components: cocoa solids and cocoa butter.", "Chocolate __knowledge__ Baking chocolate, also called bitter chocolate, contains cocoa solids and cocoa butter in varying proportions, without any added sugars.", "White chocolate __knowledge__ White chocolate does not contain non-fat cocoa solids, the primary nutritional constituent of chocolate liquor—chocolate in its raw, unsweetened form.", "White chocolate __knowledge__ During manufacture the dark-colored solids of the cocoa bean are separated from its fatty content, as with milk, semi-sweet, and dark chocolate.", "White chocolate __knowledge__ But, unlike those other chocolate types, the cocoa solids are not recombined.", "White chocolate __knowledge__ As a result this fat, cocoa butter, is the only cacao ingredient in white chocolate.", "White chocolate __knowledge__ Because it contains no cocoa solids white chocolate contains only trace amounts of the stimulants theobromine and caffeine, while lacking the antioxidant properties or many characterizing ingredients of chocolate, such as thiamine, riboflavin, and phenylethylamine.", "Foodpairing __knowledge__ Foodpairing is a method for identifying which foods go well together.", "Foodpairing __knowledge__ The method is based on the principle that foods combine well with one another when they share key flavor components.", "Foodpairing __knowledge__ Foodpairing is a relatively new method and is often confused with wine and food matching.", "Foodpairing __knowledge__ By contrast, foodpairing uses HPLC, gas chromatography and other laboratory methods to analyse food and to find chemical components that they have in common.", "Foodpairing __knowledge__ Not to be confused with protein combination theory for vegetarians and vegans.", "Foodpairing __knowledge__ The foodpairing method is designed to inspire chef, foodies, home cooks and food engineers.", "M&M's __knowledge__ M&M's are \"colorful button-shaped chocolates\", each of which has the letter \"m\" printed in lower case on one side, surrounds a filling which varies depending upon the variety of M&M's.", "M&M's __knowledge__ The original candy had a milk chocolate filling which, upon introducing other variations, was branded as the \"plain\" variety.", "M&M's __knowledge__ \"Peanut\" M&M's, which feature a peanut coated in milk chocolate, and finally a candy shell, were the first variation to be introduced, and they remain a regular variety.", "M&M's __knowledge__ Numerous other variations have been introduced, some of which are regular widespread varieties (such as \"peanut butter\", \"almond\", \"pretzel\", \"crispy\", \"dark chocolate\", and \"caramel\") while others are limited in duration or geographic availability.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ A milkshake is a sweet, cold beverage which is usually made from milk, ice cream, or iced milk, and flavorings or sweeteners such as butterscotch, caramel sauce, chocolate syrup, or fruit syrup.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Outside the United States, milkshakes using ice cream or iced milk are sometimes called a thick milkshake or thick shake; in New England, the term frappe may be used to differentiate it from thinner forms of flavored milk.", "Milkshake __knowledge__ Full-service restaurants, soda fountains, and diners usually prepare and mix the shake \"by hand\" from scoops of ice cream and milk in a blender or drink mixer using a stainless steel cup.", "Filipinos (snack food) __knowledge__ Filipinos is the brand name for a series of biscuit snacks made by Mondelēz International.", "Filipinos (snack food) __knowledge__ In France, Spain, Portugal and the Nordic countries they are produced and sold under the Artiach brand name.", "Filipinos (snack food) __knowledge__ Under license to United Biscuits, in the Netherlands they are sold and produced locally under the Verkade brand.", "Filipinos (snack food) __knowledge__ They have drawn controversy for having the same name as the people of the Philippines.", "Filipinos (snack food) __knowledge__ The standard Filipinos snack is ring shaped and come in several varieties coated in either milk chocolate, dark chocolate, or white chocolate.", "Filipinos (snack food) __knowledge__ Milk or dark chocolate versions feature a light colored biscuit.", "Milk Tray __knowledge__ Milk Tray is a brand of boxed chocolates currently manufactured by Cadbury.", "Milk Tray __knowledge__ Introduced by Cadbury UK in 1915, it is one of the longest running brands in the confectioner's portfolio.", "Milk Tray __knowledge__ Milk Tray is sold in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, New York City, South Africa and the United Kingdom.", "Milk Tray __knowledge__ The Milk Tray Man is Peter McGuire.", "Milk Tray __knowledge__ The name 'Tray' derived from the way in which the original assortment was delivered to the shops.", "Milk Tray __knowledge__ Originally Milk Tray was packed in five and a half pound boxes, arranged on trays from which it was sold loose to customers.", "Milk Tray __knowledge__ In 1916 a half pound deep-lidded box was introduced with a purple background and gold script, which has undergone minor changes in the ninety years since it was introduced.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry in the Philippines evidences the agricultural roots of the Philippine society.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The growing of cacao or cocoa boasts a long history stretching from the colonial times.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Originating from Mesoamerican forests, cacao was first introduced by the Spanish colonizers four centuries ago.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ Since then the Philippine cocoa industry has been the primary producer of cocoa beans in the Southeast Asia.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ There are many areas of production of cacao in the Philippines, owing to its agriculture.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The chocolate industry is currently on a small to medium scale.", "Chocolate industry in the Philippines __knowledge__ The word “chocolate” as we know it today was spelled in different ways throughout time, in different ways such as “chocalatall,” “jocolatte,” “jacolatte,” and “chockelet.” It is a derivative of the word \"cacahuatl\" or \"xocoatl\", a bitter drink the Aztecs brewed from cacao beans mixed with spices, wine, and other local ingredients that can be traced back to Pre-Columbian Mexico.", "The Glenn Miller Story (soundtrack) __knowledge__ The Glenn Miller Story is a 1954 soundtrack album released on Decca Records featuring songs from the film biography of Glenn Miller starring James Stewart and June Allyson.", "The Glenn Miller Story (soundtrack) __knowledge__ The collection featured eight songs from the film recorded under the direction of Joseph Gershenson.", "The Glenn Miller Story (soundtrack) __knowledge__ The 1954 10\" album The Glenn Miller Story movie soundtrack LP, Decca Records DL 5519, spent 10 weeks at number one on the Billboard albums chart in 1954.", "The Glenn Miller Story (soundtrack) __knowledge__ The Glenn Miller Story - Music from the Sound Track of the Universal-International Motion Picture starring James Stewart and June Allyson.", "The Glenn Miller Story (soundtrack) __knowledge__ Recorded by the Universal-International studio orchestra, conducted by Joseph Gershenson.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Farley's & Sathers Candy Company was created as an umbrella company to roll-up many small companies, brands and products under a common management team.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ The confectionery business segment is made up of many small companies, often with intertwined relationships and histories.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Catterton Partners formed the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company in 2002 as a vehicle for the purchase of some of the former Farley Foods Company and Sathers Candy Company assets and brands from Kraft.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ Since that time, additional brands and businesses have been added to the roster.", "Farley's & Sathers Candy Company __knowledge__ In 2012, the owners of Farley's & Sathers, L Catterton Partners, purchased Ferrara Pan Candy Company.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats are produced in different variations around the world, with several countries claiming to have invented it or hailing it as their \"national confection\".", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Originally the treat was made using cream (hence the Danish name \"flødeboller\" (cream buns)), but the filling was later made from egg whites to help industrialize production and improve shelf life.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Many languages used to call these treats by phrases or compounds using a counterpart to negro (e.g.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ \"negro's kiss\", \"negro bun\"); most but not all of these are increasingly being avoided, especially in formal writing, in favour of replacements such as \"choco-kiss\".", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate, also known as hot cocoa, drinking chocolate or just cocoa is a heated beverage consisting of shaved chocolate, melted chocolate or cocoa powder, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.", "Hot chocolate __knowledge__ The first chocolate beverage is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa beverage was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ] ]

[ 4, 5, 54, 0, 16 ]

[ "I agree. Even back in 1900 BCE people knew what was up. The olmecs were brewing some chocolate drinks even way back then", "Lol, yes. Even the Maya and aztecs had a form of chocolate beverage called \"xocolātl\". Perhaps this is why the mayans calendar ended in 2012. Maybe thats when they thought their chocolate supply would run out. :P", "it was about 3000 years ago when the mayans made a chocolate beverage. Its crazy to think its stood such a test of time and so many innovations to the sweet treat has taken place", "Do you have a favorite chocolate treat?", "Well, Its actually the less healthy of the chocolates. Because it contains no coca solids. It lacks antioxidant properties of other chocolates. I agree it is tasty though! I guess health isn't a first thought when eating chocolate anyways!" ]

[ "Chocolate", "Chocolate", "Chocolate", "Chocolate", "Chocolate" ]

[ "Blue", "i love it too, in fact it's my favorite color! I feel like it's so peaceful and relaxing", "yes, that one is very pretty! I used to have my room painted in baby blue" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "Pink __knowledge__ Pink is a pale red color that is named after a flower of the same name.", "Pink __knowledge__ It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century.", "Pink __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, sensitivity, tenderness, sweetness, childhood, femininity and the romantic.", "Pink __knowledge__ It is associated with chastity and innocence when combined with white, but associated with eroticism and seduction when combined with purple or black.", "Pink __knowledge__ The color pink is named after the flowers, pinks, flowering plants in the genus \"Dianthus,\" and derives from the frilled edge of the flowers.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Carole is a bright African American girl with a natural riding ability.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ She became devastated when her mother died of cancer, and when Cobalt died, she almost gave up riding.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ But her father, U.S. Marine Colonel Mitch Hanson, reminded Carole that her mother would have wanted her to follow her passion.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ With money left by her mother, she bought a buckskin gelding, Starlight.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Carole knows her future lies with horses, but there are many paths to follow and she does not know which road to take.", "List of The Saddle Club characters __knowledge__ Her grades are high enough for her to become a veterinarian but she would also love to breed and train Thoroughbreds.", "List of Soul Reapers in Bleach __knowledge__ This is a list of featured in the manga and anime series \"Bleach\", created by Tite Kubo.", "List of Soul Reapers in Bleach __knowledge__ Soul Reapers are a fictional race of spirits who govern the flow of souls between the human world and the afterlife realm called the \"Soul Society\".", "List of Soul Reapers in Bleach __knowledge__ The \"Bleach\" story tells of how Ichigo Kurosaki becomes substitute Soul Reaper in Karakura Town in place of Rukia Kuchiki.", "List of Soul Reapers in Bleach __knowledge__ He assumes her duties to protect souls and put them to peaceful rest, as well as to fight against dangerous, lost souls that could not rest, called hollows.", "List of Soul Reapers in Bleach __knowledge__ As the series progresses, however, Rukia is captured by the Soul Society's Soul Reaper military for giving her powers to Ichigo, and she is sentenced to death.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ This list of \"Berenstain Bears\" books includes many in the picture book series (such as \"Beginner Books\" and \"First Time Books\") and the illustrated children's novels, such as those in the \"Big Chapter Books\" series.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ Since the first \"Berenstain Bears\" installment was published in 1962, the series has sold close to 260 million copies.", "List of Berenstain Bears books __knowledge__ In addition to writing children's literature, the authors Stan and Jan Berenstain also wrote two parenting books, \"What Your Parents Never Told You About Being a Mom or Dad\" (1995) and \"The Berenstain Bears and the Bear Essentials\" (2005), as well as their autobiography, \"Down a Sunny Dirt Road\" (2002).", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Diva Starz was a series of fashion dolls created and released by Mattel during the Christmas shopping season of 2000.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ They are similar in design to the MGA Entertainment Bratz dolls released in 2001, and the Flavas dolls released by Mattel in 2003.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Original four dolls, Alexa, Nikki, Summer, and Tia (Summer was later replaced by Miranda) were offered in the original debut.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ The line was discontinued in 2004.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ Each doll is approximately tall, with plastic clothing and combable hair.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ The owner can change the doll's outfits by snapping on different pieces of clothing.", "Diva Starz __knowledge__ By using small metal contacts in the clothing and on the body, the doll \"knows\" which garment it is wearing, and will respond accordingly.", "Color theory __knowledge__ In the visual arts, color theory or colour theory is a body of practical guidance to color mixing and the visual effects of a specific color combination.", "Color theory __knowledge__ There are also definitions (or categories) of colors based on the color wheel: primary color, secondary color and tertiary color.", "Color theory __knowledge__ Although color theory principles first appeared in the writings of Leone Battista Alberti (c.1435) and the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci (c.1490), a tradition of \"colory theory\" began in the 18th century, initially within a partisan controversy over Isaac Newton's theory of color (\"Opticks\", 1704) and the nature of primary colors.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness), or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a blue or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ In this section, the term tint is used in its technical sense as used in color theory, meaning a blueish color mixed with white or light gray.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Baby blue is known as one of the pastel colors.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ With a hue code of 199, this color is a tone of azure.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Complementary colors are pairs of colors which, when combined, cancel each other out.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ This means that when combined, they produce a gray-scale color like white or black.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast for those particular two colors.", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Due to this striking color clash, the term opposite colors is often considered more appropriate than \"complementary colors\".", "Complementary colors __knowledge__ Which pairs of colors are considered complementary depends on the color theory one uses: On the traditional color wheel developed in the 18th century, used by Claude Monet and Vincent van Gogh and other painters, and still used by many artists today, the primary colors were considered to be red, yellow, and blue, and the primary–secondary complementary pairs are red–green (Christmas), blue-orange (Westwood), and yellow–purple (Mesa High).", "Primary color __knowledge__ A set of primary colors is, most tangibly, a set of \"real\" physical pigmented media or colored lights that can be combined in varying amounts to produce a \"gamut\" of colors.", "Primary color __knowledge__ This is the essential method used in applications that are intended to elicit the perception of diverse sets of color, e.g.", "Primary color __knowledge__ electronic displays, color printing, and paintings.", "Primary color __knowledge__ Perceptions associated with a given combination of primary colors are predicted by applying the appropriate mixing model (additive, subtractive, additive averaging etc.)", "Primary color __knowledge__ that embodies the underlying physics of how light interacts with the media and ultimately the retina.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ The main purpose of the RGB color model is for the sensing, representation and display of images in electronic systems, such as televisions and computers, though it has also been used in conventional photography.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ Before the electronic age, the RGB color model already had a solid theory behind it, based in human perception of colors.", "RGB color model __knowledge__ RGB is a \"device-dependent\" color model: different devices detect or reproduce a given RGB value differently, since the color elements (such as phosphors or dyes) and their response to the individual R, G, and B levels vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, or even in the same device over time.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ There are two types of color mixing: \"Additive\" and \"Subtractive\".", "Color mixing __knowledge__ In both cases, there are three primary colors, three secondary colors (colors made from 2 of the three primary colors in equal amounts), and one tertiary color made from all three primary colors.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ This point is a common source of confusion, as there are different sets of primary colors depending on whether you are working with additive or subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ The additive mixing of colors is unintuitive as it does not correspond to the mixing of physical substances (such as paint) which would correspond to subtractive mixing.", "Color mixing __knowledge__ For instance, one can additively mix yellow and blue by shining yellow light together with blue light, which will result in not green but a white light.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ This article provides introductory information about the RGB, HSV, and HSL color models from a computer graphics (Web page, image) perspective.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ An introduction to colors is also provided to support the main discussion.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ First, \"color\" refers to the human brain's subjective interpretation of combinations of a narrow band of wavelengths of light.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ For this reason, the definition of \"color\" is not based on a strict set of physical phenomena.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ Therefore, even basic concepts like \"primary colors\" are not clearly defined.", "Comparison of color models in computer graphics __knowledge__ For example, traditional \"Painter's Colors\" use red, blue, and yellow as the primary colors, \"Printer's Colors\" use cyan, yellow, and magenta, and \"Light Colors\" use red, green, and blue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments in painting and traditional colour theory, as well as in the RGB colour model.", "Blue __knowledge__ It lies between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.", "Blue __knowledge__ The eye perceives blue when observing light with a dominant wavelength between approximately 450 and 495 nanometres.", "Blue __knowledge__ Most blues contain a slight mixture of other colors; azure contains some green, while ultramarine contains some violet.", "Blue __knowledge__ The clear daytime sky and the deep sea appear blue because of an optical effect known as Rayleigh scattering.", "Blue __knowledge__ An optical effect called Tyndall scattering explains blue eyes.", "Blue __knowledge__ Distant objects appear more blue because of another optical effect called atmospheric perspective.", "Blue __knowledge__ Blue has been an important colour in art and decoration since ancient times.", "Blue __knowledge__ The semi-precious stone lapis lazuli was used in ancient Egypt for jewellery and ornament and later, in The Renaissance, to make the pigment ultramarine, the most expensive of all pigments.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the eighth century Chinese artists used cobalt blue to colour fine blue and white porcelain.", "Blue __knowledge__ In the Middle Ages, European artists used it in the windows of Cathedrals.", "Blue __knowledge__ Europeans wore clothing coloured with the vegetable dye woad until it was replaced by the finer indigo from America.", "It's All Over Now, Baby Blue __knowledge__ \"It's All Over Now, Baby Blue\" is a song written and performed by Bob Dylan and featured on his \"Bringing It All Back Home\" album, released on March 22, 1965 by Columbia Records (\"see\" 1965 in music).", "It's All Over Now, Baby Blue __knowledge__ The song was recorded on January 15, 1965 with Dylan's acoustic guitar and harmonica and William E. Lee's bass guitar the only instrumentation.", "It's All Over Now, Baby Blue __knowledge__ The lyrics were heavily influenced by Symbolist poetry and bid farewell to the titular \"Baby Blue.\"", "It's All Over Now, Baby Blue __knowledge__ There has been much speculation about the real life identity of \"Baby Blue\", with possibilites including Joan Baez, David Blue, Paul Clayton, Dylan's folk music audience, and even Dylan himself.", "Baby Blue (rapper) __knowledge__ Baby Blue is an English rapper and singer from London, England.", "Baby Blue (rapper) __knowledge__ She is known for her work with singer Estelle and collaborations with John Legend, Madness, Sway, Shystie, Ms. Dynamite and Lady Sovereign.", "Baby Blue (rapper) __knowledge__ Baby Blue has a sound that fuses hip hop with grime, R&B and soul.", "Baby Blue (rapper) __knowledge__ Baby Blue started rapping while at school and eventually recorded a track called 'I Woulda', which was inspired by her cousin's gang-related death in the US.", "Baby Blue (rapper) __knowledge__ The track received heavy rotation and was the start of Baby Blue's career as a recording artist.", "Baby Blue (rapper) __knowledge__ When she was 19 she sent her music to UK artist Estelle, who immediately invited Baby Blue to New York City to record the song 'Hey Girl' featuring John Legend, as well as 'Don't Talk', another track for Estelle's début album The 18th Day, which was certified gold in the UK and she was also featured rapping in the video for the hit top 20 track 1980.", "Executive Residence __knowledge__ The Executive Residence is the central building of the White House complex located between the East Wing and West Wing.", "Executive Residence __knowledge__ It is the most recognizable part of the complex, being the actual \"house\" part of the White House.", "Executive Residence __knowledge__ This central building, first constructed from 1792 to 1800, is home to the President of the United States and the First Family.", "Executive Residence __knowledge__ The Executive Residence primarily occupies four floors: the Ground Floor, the State Floor, the Second Floor, and the Third Floor.", "Executive Residence __knowledge__ A two-story sub-basement with mezzanine, created during the 1948–to-1952 Truman reconstruction, is used for HVAC and mechanical systems, storage, and service areas.", "Baby blue __knowledge__ Baby blue is a pale tint of azure, one of the pastel colors.", "Baby blue __knowledge__ The first recorded use of \"baby blue\" as a color name in English was in 1892.", "Baby blue __knowledge__ Bubbles is a pale tint of baby blue.", "Baby blue __knowledge__ The color name \"bubbles\" has been in use since 2001 when the Xona.com Color List was first promulgated.", "Baby blue __knowledge__ Beau blue is a light tone of baby blue.", "Baby blue __knowledge__ The source of this color is the color that is called \"beau blue\" in the \"Plochere Color System\", a color system formulated in 1948 that is widely used by interior designers.", "Baby blue __knowledge__ Baby blue eyes is a rich tone of baby blue.", "Baby blue __knowledge__ The source of this color is the color that is called \"baby blue eyes\" in the \"Plochere Color System\", a color system formulated in 1948 that is widely used by interior designers.", "Baby Blue (Person of Interest) __knowledge__ \"Baby Blue\" is the seventeenth episode of the first season of the American television drama series \"Person of Interest\".", "Baby Blue (Person of Interest) __knowledge__ It is the 17th overall episode of the series and is written by co-executive producer Patrick Harbinson and directed by Larry Teng.", "Baby Blue (Person of Interest) __knowledge__ It aired on CBS in the United States and on CTV in Canada on March 8, 2012.", "Baby Blue (Person of Interest) __knowledge__ Reese (Jim Caviezel) and Carter (Taraji P. Henson) watch as Don Gianni Moretti (Mark Margolis) is released from prison.", "Baby Blue (Person of Interest) __knowledge__ Moretti agreed to enter the Witness Protection Program so he could testify against Carl Elias.", "Baby Blue (Person of Interest) __knowledge__ Reese is also notified by Finch (Michael Emerson) about their newest number: Leila Smith.", "Straight Up (Badfinger album) __knowledge__ Straight Up is the third album by British rock band Badfinger, released in December 1971 in the United States and February 1972 in Britain.", "Straight Up (Badfinger album) __knowledge__ Issued on the Beatles' Apple record label, it includes the hit singles \"Day After Day\" and \"Baby Blue\", and the similarly popular \"Name of the Game\", all of which were written by singer and guitarist Pete Ham.", "Straight Up (Badfinger album) __knowledge__ The album marked a departure from the more rock-oriented sound of Badfinger's previous releases, partly as a result of intervention by Apple Records regarding the band's musical direction.", "Straight Up (Badfinger album) __knowledge__ Although \"Straight Up\" received a mixed response from critics on release, many reviewers now regard it as the band's best album.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ Bringing It All Back Home is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released on March 22, 1965 by Columbia Records.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ The album is divided into an electric and an acoustic side, although the acoustic side included some tracks in which other instruments were backing up Dylan and his guitar, but no drums were used.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ On side one of the original LP, Dylan is backed by an electric rock and roll band—a move that further alienated him from some of his former peers in the folk music community.", "Bringing It All Back Home __knowledge__ Likewise, on the acoustic second side of the album, he distanced himself from the protest songs with which he had become closely identified (such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall\"), as his lyrics continued their trend towards the abstract and personal.", "Pink __knowledge__ Pink is a pale red color that is named after a flower of the same name.", "Pink __knowledge__ It was first used as a color name in the late 17th century.", "Pink __knowledge__ According to surveys in Europe and the United States, pink is the color most often associated with charm, politeness, sensitivity, tenderness, sweetness, childhood, femininity and the romantic.", "Pink __knowledge__ It is associated with chastity and innocence when combined with white, but associated with eroticism and seduction when combined with purple or black.", "Pink __knowledge__ The color pink is named after the flowers, pinks, flowering plants in the genus \"Dianthus,\" and derives from the frilled edge of the flowers.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color psychology is the study of hues as a determinant of human behavior.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Color influences perceptions that are not obvious, such as the taste of food.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colours can also enhance the effectiveness of placebos.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For example, red or orange pills are generally used as stimulants.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Colour can indeed influence a person; however, it is important to remember that these effects differ between people.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ Factors such as gender, age, and culture can influence how an individual perceives color.", "Color psychology __knowledge__ For instance, heterosexual men tend to report that red outfits enhance female attractiveness, while heterosexual females deny any outfit color impacting that of men.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The Care Bears are a group of characters created by the U.S. greeting card company American Greetings in 1981.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The title characters originally appeared in card artwork by Elena Kucharik, before branching out into various media and merchandise.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ The franchise launched in 1982 with ten title characters, and in 1984 added several more characters known as the Care Bear Cousins.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ Each of the Care Bears and Care Bear Cousins has a \"tummy symbol\" — a picture or pattern that indicates the role or specialty of the character bearing it.", "List of Care Bear characters __knowledge__ Beginning with \"\", \"tummy symbols\" are sometimes referred to as \"belly badges.\"", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness), or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a blue or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ A large selection of these various colors is shown below.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ In this section, the term tint is used in its technical sense as used in color theory, meaning a blueish color mixed with white or light gray.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ Baby blue is known as one of the pastel colors.", "Shades of blue __knowledge__ With a hue code of 199, this color is a tone of azure." ] ]

[ 1, 58, 29 ]

[ "I just love the color blue! It's one of the primary colors.", "It's my favorite color too! Although, I do like baby blue the most. It's more of a pastel color.", "It's so peaceful. Baby blue became an English term in 1892." ]

[ "Blue", "Blue", "Blue" ]

[ "Linkin Park\nI love music,all kinds really. But right now i'm really into Linkin Park", "I have several,but I think their older albums are my fav.", "I agree! It was sad finding out the lead singer passed.", "Yeah we have lost to many artists.", "I heard they are putting together a album of songs he sang but wasn't published." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Formed in 1996, the band rose to international fame with their debut album \"Hybrid Theory\" (2000), which was certified Diamond by the RIAA in 2005 and multi-Platinum in several other countries.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their following studio album \"Meteora\" continued the band's success, topping the \"Billboard\" 200 album chart in 2003, and was followed by extensive touring and charity work.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Having adapted nu metal and rap metal to a radio-friendly yet densely layered style in \"Hybrid Theory\" and \"Meteora\", the band explored other genres on their next studio album, \"Minutes to Midnight\" (2007).", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The album topped the \"Billboard\" charts and had the third-best debut week of any album that year.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The band continued to explore a wider variation of musical types in their fourth album, \"A Thousand Suns\" (2010), layering their music with more electronic sounds.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their fifth album, \"Living Things\" (2012), combines musical elements from all of their previous records.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their sixth album, \"The Hunting Party\" (2014), returned to a heavier rock sound.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their seventh album \"One More Light\", a more electronic and pop-oriented record, was released on May 19, 2017.", "List of awards and nominations received by Linkin Park __knowledge__ Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California.", "List of awards and nominations received by Linkin Park __knowledge__ Originally consisting of three high school friends, Linkin Park’s foundation was anchored by Mike Shinoda and Brad Delson along with Rob Bourdon.", "List of awards and nominations received by Linkin Park __knowledge__ After graduating from high school, the California natives began to take their musical interests more seriously, recruiting Joe Hahn, Dave \"Phoenix\" Farrell, and Mark Wakefield to perform in their band then titled Xero.", "List of awards and nominations received by Linkin Park __knowledge__ Though limited in resources, the band began recording and producing songs within Shinoda’s makeshift bedroom studio in 1996.", "List of awards and nominations received by Linkin Park __knowledge__ After they failed to land a record deal, however, tensions and frustration within the band grew, and the lack of success and stalemate in progress prompted Wakefield, at that time the band's vocalist, to leave the band in search for other projects.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ A Thousand Suns is the fourth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ It was released on September 8, 2010, by Warner Bros. Records.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ The album was written by the band and was produced by Linkin Park vocalist Mike Shinoda and Rick Rubin, who worked together to produce the band's previous studio album \"Minutes to Midnight\" (2007).", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ Recording sessions for \"A Thousand Suns\" took place at NRG Recording Studios in North Hollywood, California from 2008 until early 2010.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ \"A Thousand Suns\" is a concept album dealing with human fears such as nuclear warfare.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ The band has said the album is a drastic departure from their previous work; they experimented on different and new sounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and ) is a form of that combines elements of with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including multiple genres of heavy metal.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ rarely features guitar solos; the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Many nu metal guitarists use that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Vocal styles in include singing, rapping, screaming and growling.", "Mike Shinoda __knowledge__ Michael Kenji Shinoda (, born February 11, 1977) is an American musician, songwriter, rapper, singer, record producer and graphic designer.", "Mike Shinoda __knowledge__ He co-founded Linkin Park in 1996 and is the band's rhythm guitarist, primary songwriter, keyboardist, producer, and lead vocalist.", "Mike Shinoda __knowledge__ Shinoda later created a hip-hop-driven side project, Fort Minor, in 2004.", "Mike Shinoda __knowledge__ He served as a producer for tracks and albums by Lupe Fiasco, Styles of Beyond and The X-Ecutioners.", "Mike Shinoda __knowledge__ Shinoda is also the co-founder of Machine Shop Records, a California-based record label.", "Mike Shinoda __knowledge__ Outside of music, Shinoda is an artist and graphic designer.", "Mike Shinoda __knowledge__ He has painted several pieces of artwork, some of which have been featured in the Japanese American National Museum.", "One More Light __knowledge__ One More Light is the seventh studio album by American rock band Linkin Park.", "One More Light __knowledge__ It was released on May 19, 2017 through Warner Bros. and Machine Shop.", "One More Light __knowledge__ It is the last Linkin Park record produced before lead vocalist Chester Bennington's death on July 20, 2017.", "One More Light __knowledge__ The band recorded the album between September 2015 and February 2017 in multiple studios.", "One More Light __knowledge__ Band members Brad Delson and Mike Shinoda served as the album's primary producers.", "One More Light __knowledge__ The sound of \"One More Light\" has been described as being more pop-focused, departing from the alternative metal sound of their previous album, \"The Hunting Party\" (2014).", "The Hunting Party (album) __knowledge__ The Hunting Party is the sixth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park.", "The Hunting Party (album) __knowledge__ The album, produced by band members Mike Shinoda and Brad Delson, was released by Warner Bros. Records and Machine Shop on June 13, 2014.", "The Hunting Party (album) __knowledge__ It is the first album since \"Meteora\" (2003) not to be produced with Rick Rubin, after producing the band's previous three studio albums.", "The Hunting Party (album) __knowledge__ The title \"The Hunting Party\" is a contextual metaphor: Linkin Park is the party that is hunting to bring back the energy and soul of rock.", "The Hunting Party (album) __knowledge__ \"The Hunting Party\" is a departure from the electronic rock sound of the band's previous two studio albums, \"A Thousand Suns\" (2010) and \"Living Things\" (2012)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Formed in 1996, the band rose to international fame with their debut album \"Hybrid Theory\" (2000), which was certified Diamond by the RIAA in 2005 and multi-Platinum in several other countries.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their following studio album \"Meteora\" continued the band's success, topping the \"Billboard\" 200 album chart in 2003, and was followed by extensive touring and charity work.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Having adapted nu metal and rap metal to a radio-friendly yet densely layered style in \"Hybrid Theory\" and \"Meteora\", the band explored other genres on their next studio album, \"Minutes to Midnight\" (2007).", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The album topped the \"Billboard\" charts and had the third-best debut week of any album that year.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The band continued to explore a wider variation of musical types in their fourth album, \"A Thousand Suns\" (2010), layering their music with more electronic sounds.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their fifth album, \"Living Things\" (2012), combines musical elements from all of their previous records.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their sixth album, \"The Hunting Party\" (2014), returned to a heavier rock sound.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their seventh album \"One More Light\", a more electronic and pop-oriented record, was released on May 19, 2017.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ This page lists past lineups for all past UK and US All Tomorrow's Parties music festivals, as well as other festivals the ATP organisation has been involved with such as the Pitchfork Music Festival and Primavera Sound.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Unlike most music festivals, ATP lineups are chosen by a curator, usually an artist or musician.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ 7-8-9/4/2000.", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Lineup: ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead, Alfie, Aphex Twin, Arab Strap, Bardo Pond, Bobby Gillespie's Hair, Clinic, Ganger, Godspeed You!", "All Tomorrow's Parties Festival lineups __knowledge__ Black Emperor, Gorky's Zygotic Mynci, Hood, Labradford + Pan American, Laika, Ligament, Mice Parade, Mogwai, Motor Life Co., Pan American, Plaid, Plone, Pram, Radar Bros., Scott 4, Shellac, Sigur Rós, Snow Patrol, Sonic Youth, Sophia, Stereolab, Super Furry Animals, Tarwater, Ten Benson, The Delgados, The For Carnation, The High Llamas, Two Dollar Guitar, Wire 6-7-8/4/2001.", "Golden Cygnet __knowledge__ Golden Cygnet (1972 - 1978) was a racehorse who was described in the 1979 Irish Racing Annual by legendary Irish trainer Vincent O'Brien as \"the best hurdler I've ever seen\".", "Golden Cygnet __knowledge__ His hurdling career lasted less than 5 months, as a result of the fatal injury he sustained in the 1978 Scottish Champion Hurdle.", "Golden Cygnet __knowledge__ Golden Cygnet, a bay gelding, was born on 21 June 1972, which made him a very late foal in bloodstock terms (although barely 6 months old on the 1st January 1973, he was officially a yearling).", "Golden Cygnet __knowledge__ He was from the first crop of Deep Run - who proved to be the best National Hunt sire of his era by becoming Champion Jumps Sire for 15 consecutive seasons - and his dam (mother) was the unraced Golden Vision mare Golden Cygneture.", "Chunklet (magazine) __knowledge__ Chunklet is a Georgia-based American humor and music magazine founded by Henry H. Owings in 1993.", "Chunklet (magazine) __knowledge__ Henry Owings began publishing \"Chunklet\" in Athens, GA, while freelancing for alternative newsweekly \"Flagpole Magazine\".", "Chunklet (magazine) __knowledge__ “The main reason the mag started was due to my dissatisfaction with how my writing was handled in the \"Flaghole\",” Owings says, although he has intimated that \"Chunklet\" is a sanctuary for self-hating critics.", "Chunklet (magazine) __knowledge__ Since 1993, \"Chunklet\" has published 20 issues on no particular schedule.", "Chunklet (magazine) __knowledge__ The first 19 of these are out-of-print.", "Chunklet (magazine) __knowledge__ The magazine includes this disclaimer on Chunklet.com: “\"Chunklet\" comes out with little regard to a set schedule only because the contributors are busy with their other activities such as being in bands, work, family, putting out records, habitual laziness, television, our lord and savior Jesus Christ and internet porn.” Issues typically revolve around a central theme, such as \"Chunklet\" 15: “Is This Guy The Biggest Asshole in Rock?,” \"Chunklet\" 17: “Pay to (NOT) Play” (January 2003), \"Chunklet\" 18: “The Overrated Issue” Part One (February 2004), and \"Chunklet\" 19: “The Overrated Issue, Part Two” (January 2005).", "Les Savy Fav __knowledge__ Les Savy Fav ( ) is a New York City indie rock band.", "Les Savy Fav __knowledge__ Their style is influenced by art punk and post-hardcore.", "Les Savy Fav __knowledge__ The group is known for the stage presence of lead singer Tim Harrington.", "Les Savy Fav __knowledge__ The band is signed to Frenchkiss Records, which is owned by the band's bassist, Syd Butler.", "Les Savy Fav __knowledge__ The group's original 1995 line-up all met while attending the Rhode Island School of Design in Providence, Rhode Island.", "Les Savy Fav __knowledge__ Live shows are punctuated by the antics of frontman Harrington, including interacting with audience members and on-stage wardrobe changes.", "Les Savy Fav __knowledge__ The rest of the band continues to play as if nothing out of the ordinary is happening.", "Syd Butler __knowledge__ Syd Butler (born August 15, 1972) is the bass player for Les Savy Fav and the owner and founder of Frenchkiss Records.", "Syd Butler __knowledge__ Although born in Memphis, Tennessee, Butler grew up in Washington, D.C. in the 1980s during the height of Dischord Records, an influence that led to his creation of Frenchkiss.", "Syd Butler __knowledge__ He has two children with his long-term partner, actress Amy Carlson.", "Syd Butler __knowledge__ Butler formed Les Savy Fav while studying film and video at Rhode Island School of Design in Providence, Rhode Island, with his bandmates.", "Syd Butler __knowledge__ The energy and idiosyncrasies of their live show soon attracted a following and the band started playing shows and touring both across the United States and Europe.", "European Top 100 Albums __knowledge__ The European Top 100 Albums chart was the European adaptation of the \"Billboard\" 200 albums chart.", "European Top 100 Albums __knowledge__ It ran from March 1984 until December 2010.", "European Top 100 Albums __knowledge__ Also commonly referred to as Eurochart Top 100 Albums, the chart showcased the sales of an act in 19 European countries based on IFPI data.", "European Top 100 Albums __knowledge__ The European Top 100 combined album sales (both retail and digital) of new and older albums.", "European Top 100 Albums __knowledge__ The methodology was different from the US \"Billboard\" 200, where albums would only be allowed to chart if they weren't 18 months old.", "European Top 100 Albums __knowledge__ If an album older than 18 months had enough sales to enter the 200 chart after having already dropped out of the 100th position, it would chart on The \"U.S.", "Hardware: Rivals __knowledge__ Hardware: Rivals is an online multiplayer vehicular combat game developed by SCE Connected Content Group and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 4.", "Hardware: Rivals __knowledge__ It is the successor to the 2002 PlayStation 2 game, \"\".", "Hardware: Rivals __knowledge__ The game gives players the option to play in either Tanks or Fast Attack Vehicles (FAVs), collecting various special weapon pickups such as Lasers, Railguns and Rockets.", "Hardware: Rivals __knowledge__ During the Public Beta, there were three maps available to play on: \"Blister Lake\", \"Quarry\" (later known as \"Jackson's Pit\") and \"Lost Temple\".", "Hardware: Rivals __knowledge__ There were also two vehicles: the \"Wraith\" FAV and the \"Predator\" Tank.", "Glitter (soundtrack) __knowledge__ Glitter is the soundtrack album from the film of the same name, and the eighth studio album by American singer Mariah Carey.", "Glitter (soundtrack) __knowledge__ It was released on September 11, 2001, by Virgin Records America.", "Glitter (soundtrack) __knowledge__ The album was a complete musical departure from any of Carey's previous releases, focusing heavily on recreating a 1980s disco era to accompany the film, set in 1983.", "Glitter (soundtrack) __knowledge__ By covering or heavily sampling several older tunes and songs, Carey created \"Glitter\" as an album that would help viewers connect with the film, as well as incorporating newly written ballads.", "Glitter (soundtrack) __knowledge__ The singer collaborated with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and DJ Clue, who co-produced the album.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ Stars Dance is the debut solo studio album by American singer Selena Gomez.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ It was released on July 19, 2013, by Hollywood Records.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ Gomez began planning the project in 2012, at which time she announced that her band Selena Gomez & the Scene would be taking an indefinite hiatus, and continued work into 2013.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ She has cited artists such as Britney Spears and Skrillex as influences on the record, which stylistically features EDM and electropop music.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ Elements of dubstep, techno, disco and worldbeat have been noted on the album.", "Stars Dance __knowledge__ Gomez worked with producers such as Rock Mafia and The Cataracs on the album.", "Die So Fluid __knowledge__ Die So Fluid are an English hard rock band that formed in London, England in 2000.", "Die So Fluid __knowledge__ The group consists of three members, songwriter Grog (vocals, bass), Drew Richards (guitar), and Al Fletcher (drums, backing vocals).", "Die So Fluid __knowledge__ They have released 4 full-length albums, the first two being Spawn of Dysfunction and Not Everybody Gets a Happy Ending.", "Die So Fluid __knowledge__ The third album, The World Is Too Big For One Lifetime, was released in the UK in June 2010.", "Die So Fluid __knowledge__ The fourth album, The Opposites of Light, was released on 5 May 2014.", "Die So Fluid __knowledge__ The band announced fifth album One Bullet from Paradise with a limited edition pre-order launched at PledgeMusic in August 2017.", "Rap Album One __knowledge__ Rap Album One is a studio album by American hip hop artist Jonwayne.", "Rap Album One __knowledge__ It was released on October 29, 2013 on Stones Throw Records.", "Rap Album One __knowledge__ The album was mixed by Jonwayne and Daddy Kev at Cosmic Zoo.", "Rap Album One __knowledge__ At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, \"Rap Album One\" received an average score of 74 based on 8 reviews, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\".", "Rap Album One __knowledge__ Del F. Cowie of \"Exclaim!\"", "Rap Album One __knowledge__ gave the album a 7 out of 10, commenting that \"Jonwayne's flow is verbose, cerebral and free-associative by nature; toss in the gruff delivery, and the MF Doom comparisons are inevitable.\"", "4 Your Eyez Only __knowledge__ 4 Your Eyez Only is the fourth studio album by American rapper J. Cole.", "4 Your Eyez Only __knowledge__ It was released on December 9, 2016, by Dreamville Records, Roc Nation and Interscope Records.", "4 Your Eyez Only __knowledge__ The album was Cole's first release with Interscope—his previous albums were released by Columbia.", "4 Your Eyez Only __knowledge__ The album also serves as Dreamville's president Ibrahim Hamad first executive producer credit for a Cole album.", "4 Your Eyez Only __knowledge__ Most of these recordings took place from 2015 to 2016, while the production on the album was primarily handled by Cole himself, alongside several other record producers such as Vinylz, Boi-1da, Cardiak, Ron Gilmore, Frank Dukes, Chargaux and Elite, among others.", "Landon Newsom __knowledge__ Landon Elizabeth Newsom (Born March 23, 1985) is an American singer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist.", "Landon Newsom __knowledge__ She was the lead vocalist for the musical group known as LANDON.", "Landon Newsom __knowledge__ Her band LANDON was originally signed to Epic Records but later moved to an imprint label of Entertainment One Music where she released her first full length album One Woman Army.Her album One Woman army was recorded, mixed and mastered by Bob Clearmountain.", "Landon Newsom __knowledge__ The song \"Only 20\" from her album One Woman Army charted on Billboard Hot 100 and the band toured with Plain White T's.She released a music video for \"Only 20\" in 2007.", "Landon Newsom __knowledge__ Soon after the breakup of her band she moved on to the industrial electro trio known as KillMatriarch was formed in 2010 by Landon and Ontronik Khachaturian \"(co/founder and drummer of\" System of a Down \"and\" Mt.", "Born Again (Black Sabbath album) __knowledge__ Born Again is the 11th studio album by English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, released in August 1983.", "Born Again (Black Sabbath album) __knowledge__ It is the only album the group recorded with lead vocalist Ian Gillan, best known for his work with Deep Purple.", "Born Again (Black Sabbath album) __knowledge__ It was also the last Black Sabbath album for nine years to feature original bassist Geezer Butler, and drummer Bill Ward, until he played the studio tracks on their 1998 live album \"Reunion\".", "Born Again (Black Sabbath album) __knowledge__ The album has received mixed to negative reviews from critics, but it was a commercial success upon its 1983 release, reaching No.", "Born Again (Black Sabbath album) __knowledge__ 4 in the UK charts.", "Born Again (Black Sabbath album) __knowledge__ The album also hit the top 40 in the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Formed in 1996, the band rose to international fame with their debut album \"Hybrid Theory\" (2000), which was certified Diamond by the RIAA in 2005 and multi-Platinum in several other countries.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their following studio album \"Meteora\" continued the band's success, topping the \"Billboard\" 200 album chart in 2003, and was followed by extensive touring and charity work.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Having adapted nu metal and rap metal to a radio-friendly yet densely layered style in \"Hybrid Theory\" and \"Meteora\", the band explored other genres on their next studio album, \"Minutes to Midnight\" (2007).", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The album topped the \"Billboard\" charts and had the third-best debut week of any album that year.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The band continued to explore a wider variation of musical types in their fourth album, \"A Thousand Suns\" (2010), layering their music with more electronic sounds.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their fifth album, \"Living Things\" (2012), combines musical elements from all of their previous records.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their sixth album, \"The Hunting Party\" (2014), returned to a heavier rock sound.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their seventh album \"One More Light\", a more electronic and pop-oriented record, was released on May 19, 2017.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Activities Division (SAD) is a division of the United States Central Intelligence Agency responsible for covert operations.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ Within SAD there are two separate groups: SAD/SOG for tactical paramilitary operations and SAD/PAG for covert political action.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ SAD's name changed to Special Activities Center as a result of the modernization and reorganization of the CIA in 2016.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ The Special Operations Group (SOG) is the department within SAD responsible for operations that include high-threat military or covert operations which the US government does not wish to be overtly associated.", "Special Activities Division __knowledge__ As such, unit members, called Paramilitary Operations Officers and Specialized Skills Officers, do not typically carry any objects or clothing, e.g., military uniforms, that would associate them with the United States government.", "Walter Preston (British politician) __knowledge__ Sir Walter Reuben Preston (20 September 1875 – 6 July 1946) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom.", "Walter Preston (British politician) __knowledge__ At the 1918 general election, he was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Mile End constituency in the East End of London.", "Walter Preston (British politician) __knowledge__ He lost the seat at the 1923 general election to the Labour Party candidate John Scurr.", "Walter Preston (British politician) __knowledge__ He returned to Parliament at a by-election in September 1928 for the Cheltenham constituency, and held the seat until he resigned from the House of Commons in 1937.", "Walter Preston (British politician) __knowledge__ Walter Reuben Preston was an engineer.", "Walter Preston (British politician) __knowledge__ He has 35 patents and some of these were obtained jointly with well-known locomotive engineers, such as Richard Deeley.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ \"Glee\" is a musical comedy-drama television series that aired on Fox in the United States for six seasons from 2009 to 2015.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ It focuses on the high school glee club New Directions competing on the show choir competition circuit, while its members deal with relationships, sexuality and social issues.", "Characters of Glee __knowledge__ The initial main cast encompassed club director and Spanish (later History) teacher Will Schuester (Matthew Morrison), cheerleading coach Sue Sylvester (Jane Lynch), guidance counselor Emma Pillsbury (Jayma Mays), Will's wife Terri (Jessalyn Gilsig), and eight club members played by Dianna Agron, Chris Colfer, Kevin McHale, Lea Michele, Cory Monteith, Amber Riley, Mark Salling and Jenna Ushkowitz.", "2003 invasion of Iraq __knowledge__ The 2003 invasion of Iraq lasted from 20 March to 1 May 2003 and signalled the start of the Iraq War, which the United States dubbed Operation Iraqi Freedom (prior to 19 March, the mission in Iraq was called \"Operation Enduring Freedom\", a carry-over from the War in Afghanistan).", "2003 invasion of Iraq __knowledge__ The invasion consisted of 21 days of major combat operations, in which a combined force of troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia and Poland invaded Iraq and deposed the Ba'athist government of Saddam Hussein.", "2003 invasion of Iraq __knowledge__ The invasion phase consisted primarily of a conventionally-fought war which included the capture of the Iraqi capital of Baghdad by American forces with the implicit assistance of the United Kingdom, alongside Australia and Poland.", "Josh Ashworth __knowledge__ Joshua \"Josh\" Ashworth is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera, \"Hollyoaks\", played by Sonny Flood.", "Josh Ashworth __knowledge__ He debuted on-screen during the episode airing on 3 October 2005 and left on 14 July 2010, after Josh was axed by executive producer Paul Marquess.", "Josh Ashworth __knowledge__ Josh's storylines have included attempted murder, underage sex, drugs, drinking and joyriding.", "Josh Ashworth __knowledge__ Flood returned to filming as Josh for 3 episodes airing in May and August 2012.", "Josh Ashworth __knowledge__ Josh was created in 2005 by David Hanson and Sonny Flood secured the role.", "Josh Ashworth __knowledge__ In early 2010, it was announced that Allan had stepped down from the position of executive producer and that Paul Marquess had taken over the role.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Lead vocalist __knowledge__ The lead vocalist, main vocalist, lead vocals or lead singer in popular music is typically the member of a group or band whose voice is the most prominent in a performance where multiple voices may be heard.", "Lead vocalist __knowledge__ The lead singer either leads the vocal ensemble, or sets against the ensemble as the dominant sound.", "Lead vocalist __knowledge__ In vocal group performances, notably in soul and gospel music, and early rock and roll, the lead singer takes the main vocal part, with a chorus provided by other band members as backing vocalists.", "Lead vocalist __knowledge__ Especially in rock music, the lead singer or solo singer is often the front man or front woman, who may also play one or more instruments and is often seen as the leader or spokesman of the band by the public.", "Hybrid Theory __knowledge__ Hybrid Theory is the debut studio album by American rock band Linkin Park, released on October 24, 2000, through Warner Bros. Records.", "Hybrid Theory __knowledge__ As of 2017, the album has been certified diamond by the RIAA for sales in the band's home country of United States, with over eleven million units, peaking at number two on the US \"Billboard\" 200, and it also has reached high positions on other charts worldwide, with 30 million copies sold, making it the best-selling debut album since Guns N' Roses' \"Appetite for Destruction\" and the best-selling rock album of the 21st century.", "Hybrid Theory __knowledge__ Recorded at NRG Recordings in North Hollywood, California, and produced by Don Gilmore, the album's lyrical themes deal with problems lead vocalist Chester Bennington experienced during his adolescence, including drug abuse and the constant fighting and divorce of his parents.", "Meteora (album) __knowledge__ Meteora is the second studio album by American rock band Linkin Park.", "Meteora (album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 25, 2003 through Warner Bros. Records, following \"Reanimation\", a collaboration album which featured remixes of songs included on their debut studio album \"Hybrid Theory\".", "Meteora (album) __knowledge__ The album was produced by the band alongside Don Gilmore.", "Meteora (album) __knowledge__ The title \"Meteora\" is taken from the Greek Orthodox monasteries sharing the same name.", "Meteora (album) __knowledge__ \"Meteora\" has a similar sound to \"Hybrid Theory\", as described by critics, and the album took almost a year to be recorded.", "Meteora (album) __knowledge__ The main artwork was assembled by the band with help of various other graphic artists.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Nu metal (also known as nü-metal and ) is a form of that combines elements of with elements of other music genres such as hip hop, alternative rock, funk and grunge.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ bands have drawn elements and influences from a variety of musical styles, including multiple genres of heavy metal.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ rarely features guitar solos; the genre is heavily syncopated and based on guitar riffs.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Many nu metal guitarists use that are down-tuned to play a heavier sound.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ DJs are occasionally featured in nu metal to provide instrumentation such as sampling, turntable scratching and electronic backgrounds.", "Nu metal __knowledge__ Vocal styles in include singing, rapping, screaming and growling.", "Hybrid Theory (EP) __knowledge__ Hybrid Theory is the first EP by Hybrid Theory, a previous name of the band Linkin Park.", "Hybrid Theory (EP) __knowledge__ The album was recorded and self-released on May 1, 1999 (although the band has not confirmed or denied this, the date has stuck) through Mix Media.", "Hybrid Theory (EP) __knowledge__ Later that year, the band changed its name to Linkin Park and \"Hybrid Theory\" was re-mixed and remastered for another limited release in 2001 (with minor changes) in the credits and artwork for members of Linkin Park's fan club.", "Hybrid Theory (EP) __knowledge__ Only about 1,000 copies were pressed and released.", "Hybrid Theory (EP) __knowledge__ Original versions of the EP are hard to find.", "Hybrid Theory (EP) __knowledge__ The financing for the original pressing was obtained through a publishing deal with Zomba Music Publishing after one of its representatives, Jeff Blue, heard the band playing at the Whisky a Go Go.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ A Thousand Suns is the fourth studio album by American rock band Linkin Park.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ It was released on September 8, 2010, by Warner Bros. Records.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ The album was written by the band and was produced by Linkin Park vocalist Mike Shinoda and Rick Rubin, who worked together to produce the band's previous studio album \"Minutes to Midnight\" (2007).", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ Recording sessions for \"A Thousand Suns\" took place at NRG Recording Studios in North Hollywood, California from 2008 until early 2010.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ \"A Thousand Suns\" is a concept album dealing with human fears such as nuclear warfare.", "A Thousand Suns __knowledge__ The band has said the album is a drastic departure from their previous work; they experimented on different and new sounds.", "Brad Delson __knowledge__ Bradford Phillip Delson (born December 1, 1977) is an American musician and record producer, best known as the lead guitarist and one of the founding members of the Grammy Award winning rock band Linkin Park.", "Brad Delson __knowledge__ Brad Delson attended Agoura High School in Agoura Hills, an affluent suburb of Los Angeles, with childhood friend and Linkin Park band mate Mike Shinoda.", "Brad Delson __knowledge__ He played in various bands throughout his high school career, the most notable being Relative Degree, in which he met and teamed up with drummer Rob Bourdon.", "Brad Delson __knowledge__ Relative Degree's goal was simply to play a show, and, after achieving that goal, they disbanded." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Formed in 1996, the band rose to international fame with their debut album \"Hybrid Theory\" (2000), which was certified Diamond by the RIAA in 2005 and multi-Platinum in several other countries.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their following studio album \"Meteora\" continued the band's success, topping the \"Billboard\" 200 album chart in 2003, and was followed by extensive touring and charity work.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Having adapted nu metal and rap metal to a radio-friendly yet densely layered style in \"Hybrid Theory\" and \"Meteora\", the band explored other genres on their next studio album, \"Minutes to Midnight\" (2007).", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The album topped the \"Billboard\" charts and had the third-best debut week of any album that year.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The band continued to explore a wider variation of musical types in their fourth album, \"A Thousand Suns\" (2010), layering their music with more electronic sounds.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their fifth album, \"Living Things\" (2012), combines musical elements from all of their previous records.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their sixth album, \"The Hunting Party\" (2014), returned to a heavier rock sound.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their seventh album \"One More Light\", a more electronic and pop-oriented record, was released on May 19, 2017.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Since U Been Gone __knowledge__ \"Since U Been Gone\" is a song recorded by American singer Kelly Clarkson from her second studio album, \"Breakaway\" (2004).", "Since U Been Gone __knowledge__ The song, which was written and produced by Max Martin and Lukasz \"Dr. Luke\" Gottwald, was released as the lead single from \"Breakaway\" two weeks before the album was released.", "Since U Been Gone __knowledge__ It is an uptempo pop rock and power pop power ballad that infuses electronic sound with a mixture of soft and loud alternative rock sound.", "Since U Been Gone __knowledge__ Martin originally wrote \"Since U Been Gone\" with Pink in mind but she turned it down.", "Since U Been Gone __knowledge__ It was then given to Hilary Duff but she rejected the song because she could not reach its higher notes.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Confessions is the fourth studio album by American singer Usher.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ It was released on March 23, 2004, by Arista Records.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Recording sessions for the album took place during 2003 to 2004, with its production handled by his longtime collaborator Jermaine Dupri, along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis and Lil Jon, among others.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ Primarily an R&B album, \"Confessions\" showcases Usher as a crooner through a mixture of ballads and up-tempos, incorporating musical genres of dance-pop, hip hop and crunk.", "Confessions (Usher album) __knowledge__ The album's themes generated controversy about Usher's personal relationships; however, the album's primary producer Jermaine Dupri claimed the album reflects Dupri's own personal story.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Hunger Strike (song) __knowledge__ \"Hunger Strike\" is a song by the American rock band Temple of the Dog.", "Hunger Strike (song) __knowledge__ Written by vocalist Chris Cornell, \"Hunger Strike\" was released in 1991 as the first single from the band's sole studio album, \"Temple of the Dog\" (1991).", "Hunger Strike (song) __knowledge__ It was Temple of the Dog's most popular song.", "Hunger Strike (song) __knowledge__ The song peaked at number four on the \"Billboard\" Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.", "Hunger Strike (song) __knowledge__ \"Hunger Strike\" was written by vocalist Chris Cornell.", "Hunger Strike (song) __knowledge__ It features a duet between Cornell and vocalist Eddie Vedder.", "Hunger Strike (song) __knowledge__ Cornell was having trouble with the vocals at practice, when Vedder stepped in.", "Hunger Strike (song) __knowledge__ Cornell later said \"he sang half of that song not even knowing that I'd wanted the part to be there and he sang it exactly the way I was thinking about doing it, just instinctively.\"", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Soundgarden is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1984 by singer and rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell, lead guitarist Kim Thayil, and bassist Hiro Yamamoto.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Matt Cameron became the band's full-time drummer in 1986, while bassist Ben Shepherd became a permanent replacement for Yamamoto in 1990.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ The band dissolved in 1997 and re-formed in 2010.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Cornell remained in Soundgarden until his death in May 2017, putting the band's future in doubt and leaving Thayil as the only remaining original member of the band.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Soundgarden was one of the seminal creators of grunge, a style of alternative rock that developed in Seattle, and was one of a number of grunge bands signed to the record label Sub Pop.", "You Know My Name (Chris Cornell song) __knowledge__ \"You Know My Name\", performed by Soundgarden singer Chris Cornell, is the theme song to the 2006 James Bond film, \"Casino Royale.\"", "You Know My Name (Chris Cornell song) __knowledge__ Cornell wrote it jointly with David Arnold, the soundtrack's composer.", "You Know My Name (Chris Cornell song) __knowledge__ The film producers chose Cornell because they wanted a strong male singer.", "You Know My Name (Chris Cornell song) __knowledge__ Cornell and Arnold tried to make the song a replacement theme for the character instead of the \"James Bond theme\" reflecting the agent's inexperience in \"Casino Royale\", as well as an introduction to Daniel Craig's grittier and more emotional portrayal of Bond.", "You Know My Name (Chris Cornell song) __knowledge__ The single sold 148,000 copies in 2006 in the UK, peaked at number 7 in the UK singles chart, and has sold 323,000 digital copies and 3.5 million streams in the U.S. as of 2017.", "Audioslave __knowledge__ Audioslave was an American rock supergroup formed in Los Angeles in 2001.", "Audioslave __knowledge__ The four-piece band consisted of Soundgarden lead singer/rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell and Rage Against the Machine members Tom Morello (lead guitar), Tim Commerford (bass/backing vocals), and Brad Wilk (drums).", "Audioslave __knowledge__ Critics first described Audioslave as a combination of Soundgarden and Rage Against the Machine, but by the band's second album, \"Out of Exile\", it was noted that they had established a separate identity.", "Audioslave __knowledge__ Audioslave's sound was created by blending 1970s hard rock with 1990s alternative rock.", "Audioslave __knowledge__ Moreover, Morello incorporated his well-known, unconventional guitar solos into the mix.", "King Animal __knowledge__ King Animal is the sixth studio album by American rock band Soundgarden.", "King Animal __knowledge__ It was released on November 13, 2012, by Seven Four Entertainment and Republic Records in the United States, and by Vertigo Records in the rest of the world.", "King Animal __knowledge__ Produced by both the band and Adam Kasper, the album is the band's first in sixteen years, and the first not to be released on A&M Records since 1988's \"Ultramega OK\".", "King Animal __knowledge__ However, Republic, Vertigo and A&M are all owned by Universal Music Group.", "King Animal __knowledge__ It is also the band's final studio album to be released before the death of frontman Chris Cornell in 2017.", "King Animal __knowledge__ In January 2010, Chris Cornell announced Soundgarden had reunited, 13 years following their break-up.", "Temple of the Dog __knowledge__ Temple of the Dog was an American rock band that formed in Seattle, Washington in 1990.", "Temple of the Dog __knowledge__ It was conceived by vocalist Chris Cornell of Soundgarden as a tribute to his friend, the late Andrew Wood, lead singer of the bands Malfunkshun and Mother Love Bone.", "Temple of the Dog __knowledge__ The lineup included Stone Gossard on rhythm guitar, Jeff Ament on bass guitar (both ex-members of Mother Love Bone), Mike McCready on lead guitar, and Matt Cameron on drums.", "Temple of the Dog __knowledge__ Eddie Vedder appeared as a guest to provide some lead and backing vocals.", "Temple of the Dog __knowledge__ The band released its only album, the self-titled \"Temple of the Dog\", in April 1991 through A&M Records." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Linkin Park is an American rock band from Agoura Hills, California.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Formed in 1996, the band rose to international fame with their debut album \"Hybrid Theory\" (2000), which was certified Diamond by the RIAA in 2005 and multi-Platinum in several other countries.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their following studio album \"Meteora\" continued the band's success, topping the \"Billboard\" 200 album chart in 2003, and was followed by extensive touring and charity work.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Having adapted nu metal and rap metal to a radio-friendly yet densely layered style in \"Hybrid Theory\" and \"Meteora\", the band explored other genres on their next studio album, \"Minutes to Midnight\" (2007).", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The album topped the \"Billboard\" charts and had the third-best debut week of any album that year.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ The band continued to explore a wider variation of musical types in their fourth album, \"A Thousand Suns\" (2010), layering their music with more electronic sounds.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their fifth album, \"Living Things\" (2012), combines musical elements from all of their previous records.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their sixth album, \"The Hunting Party\" (2014), returned to a heavier rock sound.", "Linkin Park __knowledge__ Their seventh album \"One More Light\", a more electronic and pop-oriented record, was released on May 19, 2017.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ James Richard Steinman (born November 1, 1947) is an American composer, lyricist, and Grammy Award-winning record producer responsible for many hit songs.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ He has also worked as an arranger, pianist and singer.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His work has included songs in the adult contemporary, rock and roll, dance, pop, musical theater and film score genres.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ Beginning his career in musical theater, Steinman's most notable work in the area includes lyrics for \"Whistle Down the Wind\" and music for \"Tanz der Vampire\".", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His work includes such albums as Meat Loaf's \"Bat Out of Hell\" and \"\", and producing albums for Bonnie Tyler.", "Jim Steinman __knowledge__ His most successful chart singles include Bonnie Tyler's \"Total Eclipse of the Heart\", Air Supply's \"Making Love Out of Nothing at All\", Meat Loaf's \"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)\", the Sisters of Mercy's \"This Corrosion\" and \"More\", Barry Manilow's \"Read 'Em and Weep\" (originally released by Meat Loaf), Celine Dion's cover of \"It's All Coming Back to Me Now\" (originally released by Steinman's project Pandora's Box, and later by Meat Loaf and Marion Raven) and Boyzone's \"No Matter What\".", "Zoë Johnston __knowledge__ Zoë Johnston is a Grammy-nominated British singer, songwriter and artist, born in Nottingham, England c.1976.", "Zoë Johnston __knowledge__ She has written and recorded songs with a number of bands including Faithless, Above & Beyond, Bent, and Delerium, and also with former Beautiful South frontman Paul Heaton as part of his solo projects.", "Zoë Johnston __knowledge__ Her longest and arguably most successful musical collaborative partnership is with UK EDM band Above & Beyond.", "Zoë Johnston __knowledge__ Zoë wrote with Nottingham-based house duo Simon White and Cal Gibson (aka Neon Heights) firstly on the single ‘Cherry Trees’ (1999) and then on a number of tracks which were released on their debut album, ‘A View From The Heights’, released on both vinyl and CD by Glasgow Underground in 1999.", "Super Bowl LI halftime show __knowledge__ The Super Bowl LI Halftime show (officially known as the Pepsi Zero Sugar Super Bowl LI Halftime Show) took place on February 5, 2017, at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas as part of Super Bowl LI.", "Super Bowl LI halftime show __knowledge__ The show was headlined by Lady Gaga, who performed a medley of her songs, including newer material from her most recent studio album \"Joanne\".", "Super Bowl LI halftime show __knowledge__ Gaga's performance was critically acclaimed, with media outlets praising the show for demonstrating her artistic and musical qualities, and some arguing that it ranked among the top Super Bowl halftime performances in history.", "Super Bowl LI halftime show __knowledge__ The show was also noted for its acknowledgement of the LGBT community, the use of a swarm of lighting-equipped drones for a pre-recorded intro scene, and its perceived political undertones.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Francis Albert Sinatra (; December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 150million records worldwide.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Born in Hoboken, New Jersey, to Italian immigrants, Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey.", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943, becoming the idol of the \"bobby soxers\".", "Frank Sinatra __knowledge__ He released his debut album, \"The Voice of Frank Sinatra\", in 1946.", "Janis Joplin __knowledge__ Janis Lyn Joplin (; January 19, 1943 – October 4, 1970) was an American rock singer and songwriter.", "Janis Joplin __knowledge__ She was one of the biggest female rock stars of her era.", "Janis Joplin __knowledge__ After releasing three albums, she died of a heroin overdose at the age of 27.", "Janis Joplin __knowledge__ A fourth album, \"Pearl\", was released in January 1971, just over three months after her death.", "Janis Joplin __knowledge__ It reached number one on the \"Billboard\" charts.", "Janis Joplin __knowledge__ In 1967, Joplin rose to fame during an appearance at Monterey Pop Festival, where she was the lead singer of the then little-known San Francisco psychedelic rock band Big Brother and the Holding Company.", "Janis Joplin __knowledge__ After releasing two albums with the band, she left Big Brother to continue as a solo artist with her own backing groups, first the Kozmic Blues Band and then the Full Tilt Boogie Band.", "Brandon Paris __knowledge__ Brandon Paris (born Richard Lee, legally changed his name in 1998) was born on November 11, 1971 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and is the lead singer and front man for Brandon Paris Band.", "Brandon Paris __knowledge__ After graduating high school in 1989, he went to Red River College to study Criminology in hopes of joining the Winnipeg Police Service, but that same year dropped out.", "Brandon Paris __knowledge__ At the age of 18, Brandon started making T-shirts under a brand name he called \"Express Clothing\".", "Brandon Paris __knowledge__ He started selling T-shirts out of the trunk of his car; eventually, his clothing line was carried at two of the largest clothing chains in Canada (at the time), Bootlegger, and Below the Belt.", "Travis Tritt __knowledge__ James Travis Tritt (born February 9, 1963) is an American country music singer, songwriter, and actor.", "Travis Tritt __knowledge__ He signed to Warner Bros. Records in 1989, releasing seven studio albums and a greatest hits package for the label between then and 1999.", "Travis Tritt __knowledge__ In the 2000s, he released two albums on Columbia Records and one for the now defunct Category 5 Records.", "Travis Tritt __knowledge__ Seven of his albums (counting the Greatest Hits) are certified platinum or higher by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA); the highest-certified is 1991's \"It's All About to Change\", which is certified triple-platinum.", "Travis Tritt __knowledge__ Tritt has also charted more than 40 times on the Hot Country Songs charts, including five number ones — \"Help Me Hold On,\" \"Anymore,\" \"Can I Trust You with My Heart,\" \"Foolish Pride\", and \"Best of Intentions\" — and 15 additional top ten singles.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Soundgarden is an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1984 by singer and rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell, lead guitarist Kim Thayil, and bassist Hiro Yamamoto.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Matt Cameron became the band's full-time drummer in 1986, while bassist Ben Shepherd became a permanent replacement for Yamamoto in 1990.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ The band dissolved in 1997 and re-formed in 2010.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Cornell remained in Soundgarden until his death in May 2017, putting the band's future in doubt and leaving Thayil as the only remaining original member of the band.", "Soundgarden __knowledge__ Soundgarden was one of the seminal creators of grunge, a style of alternative rock that developed in Seattle, and was one of a number of grunge bands signed to the record label Sub Pop.", "Matt Cameron __knowledge__ Matthew David Cameron (born November 28, 1962) is an American musician who serves as the drummer for the American rock bands Pearl Jam and Soundgarden.", "Matt Cameron __knowledge__ After getting his start with the Seattle, Washington-based bands Bam Bam and Skin Yard, he first gained fame as the drummer for Soundgarden, which he joined in 1986 and remained in until the band's break-up in 1997.", "Matt Cameron __knowledge__ In 1998, Cameron was invited to play on Pearl Jam's U.S. Yield Tour.", "Matt Cameron __knowledge__ He soon became a permanent member and has remained in the band ever since.", "Matt Cameron __knowledge__ In 2010, Soundgarden reunited for a tour and released a new album, \"King Animal,\" on November 13, 2012.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Down on the Upside __knowledge__ Down on the Upside is the fifth studio album by the American rock band Soundgarden, released on May 21, 1996, through A&M Records.", "Down on the Upside __knowledge__ It is the band's third album with bassist Ben Shepherd.", "Down on the Upside __knowledge__ Following a worldwide tour in support of its previous album, \"Superunknown\" (1994), Soundgarden commenced work on a new album.", "Down on the Upside __knowledge__ Self-produced by the band, the music on the album was notably less heavy than the group's preceding albums and featured the band experimenting with other sounds.", "Down on the Upside __knowledge__ The album topped the New Zealand and Australian charts and debuted at number two on the United States' \"Billboard\" 200, selling 200,000 copies in its opening week and spawning the singles \"Pretty Noose\", \"Burden in My Hand\", \"Blow Up the Outside World\", and \"Ty Cobb\".", "Superunknown __knowledge__ Superunknown is the fourth album by American rock band Soundgarden, released on February 19, 1994, through A&M Records.", "Superunknown __knowledge__ It is the band's second album with bassist Ben Shepherd, and features new producer Michael Beinhorn.", "Superunknown __knowledge__ Soundgarden began work on the album after touring in support of its previous album, \"Badmotorfinger\" (1991).", "Superunknown __knowledge__ \"Superunknown\" continued a departure from the band's earlier releases while displaying a more diverse range of influences.", "Superunknown __knowledge__ \"Superunknown\" was a critical and commercial success and became the band's breakthrough album.", "Superunknown __knowledge__ It debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200, selling 310,000 copies in its opening week and reached high positions on charts worldwide.", "Ben Shepherd __knowledge__ Hunter Benedict Shepherd (born September 20, 1968) is an American musician best known as the bassist in the rock band Soundgarden since 1990.", "Ben Shepherd __knowledge__ Shepherd was born on an American military base in Okinawa, Japan.", "Ben Shepherd __knowledge__ His father worked in the Nike missile program and played the guitar.", "Ben Shepherd __knowledge__ His family moved to Texas, then settled in Kingston, Washington, where Shepherd grew up.", "Ben Shepherd __knowledge__ Shepherd became interested in music after listening to Johnny Cash on television, sitting as close to the speakers as possible.", "Ben Shepherd __knowledge__ When Shepherd asked his father for a guitar, his father complied only after insisting he must learn every chord in a large book with nothing but a guitar neck." ] ]

[ 34, 2, 33, 56, 46 ]

[ "i like their album One More Light", "I agree, their debut album hybrid theory is still the best", "yes it reminded me of when chris cornell passed away", "it is very sad, but soundgarden was pretty influential", "im sure there are plenty of soundgarden and audioslave songs that were never released" ]

[ "Linkin Park", "Linkin Park", "Linkin Park", "Linkin Park", "Linkin Park" ]

[ "Renaissance fair", "Not yet, have you? I'd like to at some point.", "Is that Gainesville Florida? I think I've heard of that. How close is that to Disney World?", "Awesome. I remember hearing about Edward Leadskalnin who lived in Florida and created some amazing things that seem to defy science. All by himself." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ A Renaissance fair, Renaissance faire, or Renaissance festival is an outdoor weekend gathering, usually held in the United States, open to the public and typically commercial in nature, which purportedly recreates a historical setting for the amusement of its guests.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some are permanent theme parks, while others are short-term events in a fairground, winery, or other large public or private spaces.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Renaissance fairs generally include an abundance of costumed entertainers or fair-goers, musical and theatrical acts, art and handicrafts for sale, and festival food.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some offer campgrounds for those who wish to stay more than one day.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Many Renaissance fairs are set during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some are set earlier, during the reign of Henry VIII, or in other countries, such as France, and some are set outside the era of the Renaissance; these may include earlier Medieval periods (including Vikings), or later periods, such as 17th-18th Century pirates.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some engage in deliberate \"time travel\" by encouraging participants to wear costumes representing several eras in a broad time period.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Renaissance fairs encourage visitors to enter into the spirit of things with costumes and audience participation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ A Renaissance fair, Renaissance faire, or Renaissance festival is an outdoor weekend gathering, usually held in the United States, open to the public and typically commercial in nature, which purportedly recreates a historical setting for the amusement of its guests.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some are permanent theme parks, while others are short-term events in a fairground, winery, or other large public or private spaces.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Renaissance fairs generally include an abundance of costumed entertainers or fair-goers, musical and theatrical acts, art and handicrafts for sale, and festival food.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some offer campgrounds for those who wish to stay more than one day.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Many Renaissance fairs are set during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some are set earlier, during the reign of Henry VIII, or in other countries, such as France, and some are set outside the era of the Renaissance; these may include earlier Medieval periods (including Vikings), or later periods, such as 17th-18th Century pirates.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some engage in deliberate \"time travel\" by encouraging participants to wear costumes representing several eras in a broad time period.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Renaissance fairs encourage visitors to enter into the spirit of things with costumes and audience participation.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Characters of Shakespear's Plays is an 1817 book of criticism of Shakespeare's plays, written by early nineteenth century English essayist and literary critic William Hazlitt.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ Composed in reaction to the neoclassical approach to Shakespeare's plays typified by Samuel Johnson, it was among the first English-language studies of Shakespeare's plays to follow the manner of German critic August Wilhelm Schlegel, and, with the work of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, paved the way for the increased appreciation of Shakespeare's genius that was characteristic of later nineteenth-century criticism.", "Characters of Shakespear's Plays __knowledge__ It was also the first book to cover all of Shakespeare's plays, intended as a guide for the general reader.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ One of the central questions of modern Astrobiology is whether there is, or ever has been life on Mars.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Mars probably had oceans in the past, and it definitely had lakes and a thicker atmosphere.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ Modern Mars has become cold, dry, and almost uninhabitable, yet, if life did ever arise on Mars, some hardy microbes and perhaps even multicellular life might survive there right through to the present.", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ The only missions to search for life on Mars, the two Viking missions, returned results that were inconclusive .", "Modern Mars habitability __knowledge__ However the instruments were not designed to cope with the unusual conditions which Viking discovered on Mars, which may have confused the results of the experiments.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Zero-point energy (ZPE) or ground state energy is the lowest possible energy that a quantum mechanical system may have.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ Unlike in classical mechanics, quantum systems constantly fluctuate in their lowest energy state due to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ As well as atoms and molecules, the empty space of the vacuum has these properties.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ According to Quantum Field Theory the universe can be thought of not as isolated particles but continuous fluctuating fields: matter fields, whose quanta are fermions (i.e.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ leptons and quarks), and force fields, whose quanta are bosons (e.g.", "Zero-point energy __knowledge__ photons and gluons).", "Richard Helms __knowledge__ Richard McGarrah Helms (March 30, 1913 – October 23, 2002) served as the United States Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) from June 1966 to February 1973.", "Richard Helms __knowledge__ Helms began intelligence work with the Office of Strategic Services during World War II.", "Richard Helms __knowledge__ Following the 1947 creation of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) he rose in its ranks during the Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy administrations.", "Richard Helms __knowledge__ Helms then served as DCI under Presidents Johnson and Nixon.", "Richard Helms __knowledge__ As a professional Helms highly valued information gathering (favoring the interpersonal, but including the technical, obtained by espionage or from published media) and its analysis.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The Tipperary County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) () is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Tipperary and the Tipperary inter-county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ County Tipperary holds an honoured place in the history of the GAA as the organisation was founded in Hayes' Hotel, Thurles, on 1 November 1884.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ There follows details of the events of its history and the achievements of its inter county teams.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ Tipperary is known as 'The Premier County'.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ The county team has had many first and unique achievements in the world of GAA.", "History of Tipperary GAA __knowledge__ 1887- The inaugural All-Ireland senior hurling final was played on Easter Sunday 1888 in Birr, County Offaly.", "Mr. Saturday Knight __knowledge__ \"Mr. Saturday Knight\" is the ninth episode from the third season of \"Family Guy\".", "Mr. Saturday Knight __knowledge__ It guest-stars Will Ferrell as the Black Knight, R. Lee Ermey as the Renaissance Fair jousting instructor, Adam Carolla as Death and Jimmy Kimmel as Death's dog.", "Mr. Saturday Knight __knowledge__ This episode marks the final appearance of Mr. Weed due to his death.", "Mr. Saturday Knight __knowledge__ Also \"A Fish out of Water\" is continued partially from this episode.", "Mr. Saturday Knight __knowledge__ When Peter appears at Career Day for Chris's class, the kids are not impressed with his menial job at the Happy-Go-Lucky Toy Factory; even nerdy pharmacist Mort Goldman receives a better response.", "Mr. Saturday Knight __knowledge__ Peter worries that he is stuck at a dead-end job within the company, so Lois encourages him to invite his boss, Mr. Weed, to dinner.", "King Richard's Faire __knowledge__ King Richard’s Faire is a renaissance fair held in Carver, Massachusetts, which recreates a 16th-century marketplace, including handmade crafts, foods, musicians, singers, dancers, minstrels, mimes, jugglers, whippers, magicians, comedians, puppeteers, gymnasts, exotic animals (including Siberian tigers and ligers), acrobats, mud beggars, stilt walkers, knights jousting on horseback, a royal court, and the fictional King Richard.", "King Richard's Faire __knowledge__ King Richard’s Faire is the longest-running renaissance fair in New England.", "King Richard's Faire __knowledge__ The faire was founded in 1982 by the late Richard Shapiro and his wife Bonnie, who ran the original \"King Richard's Faire\" in Bristol, Wisconsin (which was renamed Bristol Faire when the Shapiros sold it to Renaissance Entertainment Corporation in 1988).", "Maryland Renaissance Festival __knowledge__ The Maryland Renaissance Festival is a Renaissance fair located in Crownsville, Maryland.", "Maryland Renaissance Festival __knowledge__ Set in a fictional 16th-century English village named Revel Grove, the festival is spread over .", "Maryland Renaissance Festival __knowledge__ The second largest renaissance fair in the United States, it is open from the last weekend of August and runs for nine weekends.", "Maryland Renaissance Festival __knowledge__ The fair was first held in 1977 in Columbia, Maryland.", "Maryland Renaissance Festival __knowledge__ Penn and Teller and The Flying Karamazov Brothers performed at the first event.", "Maryland Renaissance Festival __knowledge__ In 1985, the fair was moved to its current location in Crownsville.", "Maryland Renaissance Festival __knowledge__ The festival was originally an Elizabethan fair, but in 1989 switched to being focused on Henry VIII of England.", "Mount Hope Estate __knowledge__ Mount Hope Estate is a National Register of Historic Places-listed property in Rapho and Penn Townships, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.", "Mount Hope Estate __knowledge__ The original estate was the center of operations of the Grubb Family Iron Dynasty during the 19th century and included over , a charcoal iron furnace, a grist mill, housing for employees and tenants, plus supporting structures such as a post office, a general store, a railroad station, a school and a church.", "Mount Hope Estate __knowledge__ The existing mansion and grounds remain from what was once a thriving industrial headquarters complex and small village.", "Mount Hope Estate __knowledge__ The mansion itself was originally constructed as a Federal-style home by the prominent family of iron masters; an 1895 remodeling transformed the structure with the addition of Victorian features.", "Younger Than Yesterday __knowledge__ Younger Than Yesterday is the fourth album by the American rock band the Byrds and was released on February 6, 1967 on Columbia Records (\"see\" 1967 in music).", "Younger Than Yesterday __knowledge__ It saw the band continuing to integrate elements of psychedelic rock into their music, a process they had begun on their previous album, \"Fifth Dimension\".", "Younger Than Yesterday __knowledge__ In addition, the album captured the band and record producer Gary Usher experimenting with new musical textures, including brass instruments, reverse tape effects and an electronic oscillator.", "Younger Than Yesterday __knowledge__ The album also marked the emergence of the band's bass player Chris Hillman as a talented songwriter and vocalist.", "Carver, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Carver is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States.", "Carver, Massachusetts __knowledge__ The population was 11,509 at the 2010 census.", "Carver, Massachusetts __knowledge__ It is named for John Carver, the first governor of the Plymouth Colony.", "Carver, Massachusetts __knowledge__ The town features two popular tourist attractions: the Edaville USA theme park and King Richard's Faire, the largest and longest-running renaissance fair in New England.", "Carver, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Carver separated from Plympton, Massachusetts, and was incorporated in 1790 because many residents lived too far away to attend church in Plympton.", "Carver, Massachusetts __knowledge__ The town was named for John Carver, the first Governor of the Plymouth Colony.", "Carver, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Initially agricultural, Carver was known for the iron ore from its swamp lands used to make cooking tools by the 1730s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ A Renaissance fair, Renaissance faire, or Renaissance festival is an outdoor weekend gathering, usually held in the United States, open to the public and typically commercial in nature, which purportedly recreates a historical setting for the amusement of its guests.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some are permanent theme parks, while others are short-term events in a fairground, winery, or other large public or private spaces.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Renaissance fairs generally include an abundance of costumed entertainers or fair-goers, musical and theatrical acts, art and handicrafts for sale, and festival food.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some offer campgrounds for those who wish to stay more than one day.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Many Renaissance fairs are set during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some are set earlier, during the reign of Henry VIII, or in other countries, such as France, and some are set outside the era of the Renaissance; these may include earlier Medieval periods (including Vikings), or later periods, such as 17th-18th Century pirates.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some engage in deliberate \"time travel\" by encouraging participants to wear costumes representing several eras in a broad time period.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Renaissance fairs encourage visitors to enter into the spirit of things with costumes and audience participation.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, officially Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Worldwide, Inc. and informally known as Disney Parks, is one of The Walt Disney Company's four major business segments and a subsidiary.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ The company is responsible for the conception, building, and managing of its theme parks and vacation resorts, as well as a variety of family-oriented leisure enterprises.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ It was founded in 1971, following the opening of Magic Kingdom at Walt Disney World in Florida.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ Originally, the company was known as Walt Disney Outdoor Recreation Division and later as Walt Disney Attractions.", "Walt Disney Parks and Resorts __knowledge__ The chairman of Walt Disney Parks and Resorts is Bob Chapek, formerly president of Disney Consumer Products.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Walt Disney World, officially known as the Walt Disney World Resort, is an entertainment complex in Bay Lake and Lake Buena Vista, Florida, near Orlando and Kissimmee, Florida.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ Opened on October 1, 1971, the resort is owned and operated by Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, a division of The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ It was initially operated by Walt Disney World Company.", "Walt Disney World __knowledge__ The property covers , featuring four theme parks, two water parks, twenty-seven themed resort hotels, nine non–Disney hotels, several golf courses, a camping resort, and other entertainment venues, including the outdoor shopping centre Disney Springs.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ The Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow (EPCOT) was an unfinished concept developed by Walt Disney.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ Its purpose was to be a \"real city that would 'never cease to be a blueprint of the future,'\" designed to stimulate American industry to develop new ideas for urban living.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ The city was planned to be a company town.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ The \"EPCOT idea\" was part of Walt Disney's original plan for the property purchased near Orlando, Florida.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ After his death in 1966, the property became the Walt Disney World Resort in 1971 and a theme park based on the idea opened in 1982.", "EPCOT (concept) __knowledge__ A portion of the original architectural model of the concept is on display on the Tomorrowland Transit Authority PeopleMover, located in Tomorrowland at the Magic Kingdom.", "Walt Disney World Inside Out __knowledge__ Walt Disney World Inside Out was an American monthly (later weekly) television show that aired on the Disney Channel from 1994 to 1997.", "Walt Disney World Inside Out __knowledge__ The show featured footage of attractions at Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida.", "Walt Disney World Inside Out __knowledge__ The original host was comedian Scott Herriot, but in 1996 J.D.", "Walt Disney World Inside Out __knowledge__ Roth and Brianne Leary took over the hosting duties with George Foreman as the guest co-host.", "Walt Disney World Inside Out __knowledge__ This extra special premiere episode of Walt Disney World Inside Out is dedicated to getting wet since there are 108 different ways to do so.", "Walt Disney World Inside Out __knowledge__ First, Scott Herriot heads to Big Thunder Mountain Railroad in the Magic Kingdom.", "Walt Disney World Inside Out __knowledge__ You might be asking \"How does Big Thunder Mountain Railroad tie in with the theme of getting soaked?\"", "History of Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ The city of Gainesville, Florida, USA, was incorporated in 1869.", "History of Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ About 12,000 years ago Paleo-Indians lived in Florida, but fewer than 100 sites have been found.", "History of Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ Although it is not known for certain whether any permanent settlements from that period were in the present city limits of Gainesville, archaeological evidence of human presence exists.", "History of Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ With the end of the ice age to the north, sea levels rose so that coastal Florida became inundated and Florida's land mass shrank while the southeastern United States became wetter than it had been, so the Paleo-Indians required fewer moves between water spots and more populous camps inhabited for longer periods of time emerged; among the spots where camps from this later period have been found is around Paynes Prairie very close to Gainesville.", "Escape from Tomorrow __knowledge__ Escape from Tomorrow is a 2013 American independent psychological horror film written and directed by Randy Moore in his directorial debut.", "Escape from Tomorrow __knowledge__ It tells the story of an unemployed father having increasingly bizarre experiences and disturbing visions on the last day of a family vacation at the Walt Disney World Resort.", "Escape from Tomorrow __knowledge__ It premiered in January at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival and was later a personal selection of Roger Ebert, shown at his 15th annual film festival in Champaign, Illinois.", "Escape from Tomorrow __knowledge__ The film was a 2012 official selection of the PollyGrind Film Festival, but at the time filmmakers were still working on some legal issues and asked that it not be screened.", "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress __knowledge__ Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress is an attraction located at the Magic Kingdom park at the Walt Disney World Resort.", "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress __knowledge__ Created by both Walt Disney and WED Enterprises as the prime feature of the General Electric (GE) Pavilion for the 1964 New York World's Fair, the attraction was moved to Tomorrowland at Disneyland in Anaheim, California as Carousel of Progress, remaining there from 1967 until 1973.", "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress __knowledge__ It was replaced in Disneyland by America Sings in 1974, and reopened in its present home in Walt Disney World Resort's Magic Kingdom in 1975.", "Walt Disney's Carousel of Progress __knowledge__ Steeped in both nostalgia and (in the past) futurism, the attraction's premise is an exploration of the joys of living through the advent of electricity and other technological advances during the 20th century via a \"typical\" American family.", "Gainesville Regional Airport __knowledge__ Gainesville Regional Airport is a public airport three miles northeast of Gainesville, in Alachua County, Florida.", "Gainesville Regional Airport __knowledge__ It is owned by Gainesville-Alachua Co. Auth.", "Gainesville Regional Airport __knowledge__ The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized it as a \"primary commercial service\" airport (more than 10,000 enplanements per year).", "Gainesville Regional Airport __knowledge__ Gainesville Regional Airport had 177,282 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2011 and 159,499 enplanements in 2010.", "Gainesville Regional Airport __knowledge__ They also had 217,355 passenger boardings (enplanements) in 2015, more than 2% higher than 2014.", "Gainesville Regional Airport __knowledge__ Construction of the airport began in April 1940 as a Works Project Administration project.", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ Gainesville is the county seat and largest city in Alachua County, Florida, United States, and the principal city of the Gainesville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ The population of Gainesville in the 2013 US Census estimates was 127,488, a 2.4% growth from 2010.", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ Gainesville is the largest city in the region of North Central Florida.", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ It is also a component of the Gainesville-Lake City Combined Statistical Area, which had a 2013 population of 337,925.", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ Gainesville is home to the University of Florida, the nation's ninth-largest university campus by enrollment, as well as to Santa Fe College.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida were the costliest in the state's history.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ Hurricane Irma developed from a tropical wave near the Cape Verde Islands on August 30.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The storm quickly became a hurricane on August 31 and then a major hurricane shortly thereafter, but would oscillate in intensity over the next few days.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ By September 4, Irma resumed strengthening, and became a powerful Category 5 hurricane on the following day.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The cyclone then struck Sint Maarten and the British Virgin Islands on September 6 and later crossed Little Inagua in the Bahamas on September 8.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ Irma briefly weakened to a Category 4, but re-intensified into a Category 5 hurricane before making landfall in the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago of Cuba.", "University of Florida __knowledge__ The University of Florida (commonly referred to as Florida or UF) is an American public land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant research university on a campus in Gainesville, Florida.", "University of Florida __knowledge__ It is a senior member of the State University System of Florida that traces its origins to 1853, and has operated continuously on its Gainesville campus since September 1906.", "University of Florida __knowledge__ The University of Florida is one of sixty-two elected member institutions of the Association of American Universities (AAU), the association of preeminent North American research universities, and the only AAU member university in Florida.", "University of Florida __knowledge__ The University is classified as a Research University with Very High Research by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.", "Silver Airways __knowledge__ Silver Airways Corp., operating as Silver Airways, is a United States airline with its headquarters in Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport in unincorporated Broward County, Florida, near Fort Lauderdale.", "Silver Airways __knowledge__ It was founded in 2010 with assets from the former Gulfstream International Airlines, and currently operates around 170 daily scheduled flights to 10 cities in Florida and 8 destinations in the Bahamas, with hubs at Fort Lauderdale, Orlando and Tampa.", "Silver Airways __knowledge__ As of November 2013 Silver Airways received $20,515,042 in annual Federal subsidies for Essential Air Services that it provided to rural airports in the United States.", "Alachua Army Air Field __knowledge__ Alachua Army Airfield, was a World War II United States Army Air Force airfield, located northeast of Gainesville, Florida.", "Alachua Army Air Field __knowledge__ Construction of the Gainesville Municipal Airport began in April 1940 as a Works Project Administration (WPA) and, by 1941 construction was taken over by the Army Corps of Engineers as part of the expansion of defense forces in the United States prior to World War II.", "Alachua Army Air Field __knowledge__ The site was taken over by the United States Army Air Forces, with the airport being designated as Alachua Army Airfield.", "Alachua Army Air Field __knowledge__ It began operations within months of the December 7, 1941, Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.", "Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport __knowledge__ Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport is a public airport located 10 nautical miles (12 mi, 19 km) northeast of the central business district of Staunton, a city in Augusta County, Virginia, United States.", "Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport __knowledge__ It is mostly used for general aviation, but is also served by one commercial airline.", "Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport __knowledge__ Service is subsidized by the Essential Air Service program.", "Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport __knowledge__ The airport, situated in Weyers Cave, Virginia, is operated by the Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport Commission, which consists of members from the cities of Staunton, Waynesboro and Harrisonburg, and the counties of Augusta and Rockingham.", "Shenandoah Valley Regional Airport __knowledge__ As per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 7,746 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 8,364 enplanements in 2009, and 10,408 in 2010." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ A Renaissance fair, Renaissance faire, or Renaissance festival is an outdoor weekend gathering, usually held in the United States, open to the public and typically commercial in nature, which purportedly recreates a historical setting for the amusement of its guests.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some are permanent theme parks, while others are short-term events in a fairground, winery, or other large public or private spaces.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Renaissance fairs generally include an abundance of costumed entertainers or fair-goers, musical and theatrical acts, art and handicrafts for sale, and festival food.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some offer campgrounds for those who wish to stay more than one day.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Many Renaissance fairs are set during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I of England.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some are set earlier, during the reign of Henry VIII, or in other countries, such as France, and some are set outside the era of the Renaissance; these may include earlier Medieval periods (including Vikings), or later periods, such as 17th-18th Century pirates.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Some engage in deliberate \"time travel\" by encouraging participants to wear costumes representing several eras in a broad time period.", "Renaissance fair __knowledge__ Renaissance fairs encourage visitors to enter into the spirit of things with costumes and audience participation.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ The fictional Marvel Comics superhero Spider-Man, who debuted in 1962, is well known for his unique superhuman abilities as depicted in the comics and other media.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He receives most of his powers when he is bitten by a radioactive common house spider.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ He uses his technical skill to develop equipment and weapons to complement his powers, and wears a number of costumes, many of which have special properties.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ When Peter Parker was bitten by an irradiated spider, radioactive mutagenic enzymes in the spider's venom quickly caused numerous body-wide changes.", "Spider-Man's powers and equipment __knowledge__ Immediately after the bite, he was granted his original powers: primarily superhuman strength, reflexes, and balance; the ability to cling tenaciously to most surfaces; and a subconscious ability to sense everything in his surroundings, which he called a \"spider-sense\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The 2010 \"Tonight Show\" conflict was a media and public relations conflict involving American television network NBC and two of its then-late-night talk show hosts, Conan O'Brien and Jay Leno.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ Leno, the host of long-running franchise \"The Tonight Show\" since 1992, and O'Brien, host of \"Late Night\" since 1993, were strong ratings leaders for the network for much of the decade.", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ When O'Brien's contract neared its end and he was courted by other networks in 2001, NBC extended his contract and essentially guaranteed him he would be the fifth host of \"The Tonight Show\".", "2010 Tonight Show conflict __knowledge__ The network neglected to let Leno know this until his contract extension in 2004, when they informed him he would remain host for five more years and then transition the show to O'Brien in 2009.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Amazing Stories is an American science fiction magazine launched in April 1926 by Hugo Gernsback's Experimenter Publishing.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ It was the first magazine devoted solely to science fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Science fiction stories had made regular appearances in other magazines, including some published by Gernsback, but \"Amazing\" helped define and launch a new genre of pulp fiction.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ \"Amazing\" was published, with some interruptions, for almost eighty years, going through a half-dozen owners and many editors as it struggled to be profitable.", "Amazing Stories __knowledge__ Gernsback was forced into bankruptcy and lost control of the magazine in 1929, and by 1938 it was purchased by Ziff-Davis, who hired Raymond A. Palmer as editor.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dorothy “Dot” Branning (also Cotton) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera, \"EastEnders\", played by June Brown since 1985.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dot first appeared in \"EastEnders\" in July 1985 as the mother of criminal Nick Cotton (John Altman).", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ The character has worked as a launderette assistant for most of that time along with original character Pauline Fowler (Wendy Richard).", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Dot moved away with her son and his family in 1993.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ In reality, Brown left the show in 1993, unhappy with the axing of her co star Peter Dean, who played Pete Beale from the shows first episode to early 1993.", "Dot Cotton __knowledge__ Brown returned to the role as a recurring character from April 1997 to April 1998 and was again made a regular from November 1998 onwards.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Harriet A. Hall __knowledge__ Harriet A.", "Harriet A. Hall __knowledge__ Hall (born July 2, 1945) is a U.S. retired family physician, former U.S. Air Force flight surgeon and skeptic who writes about alternative medicine and quackery for \"Skeptic\" and \"Skeptical Inquirer\".", "Harriet A. Hall __knowledge__ Hall received her B.A.", "Harriet A. Hall __knowledge__ and M.D.", "Harriet A. Hall __knowledge__ from the University of Washington.", "Harriet A. Hall __knowledge__ She was only the second woman to do her internship in the Air Force and was the first female graduate of the Air Force family to practice residency at Eglin Air Force Base.", "Harriet A. Hall __knowledge__ Hall says she was a \"passive skeptic\" for quite some time, only reading the literature and attending the various meetings.", "Harriet A. Hall __knowledge__ She met Wallace Sampson at the Skeptic's Toolbox workshop in Oregon.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif.", "Alachua County, Florida __knowledge__ Alachua County ( ) is a county in the U.S. state of Florida.", "Alachua County, Florida __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 247,336.", "Alachua County, Florida __knowledge__ The county seat is Gainesville, the home of the University of Florida.", "Alachua County, Florida __knowledge__ Alachua County is included in the Gainesville, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Alachua County, Florida __knowledge__ The county is known for its diverse culture, local music, and artisans.", "Alachua County, Florida __knowledge__ Much of its economy revolves around the university.", "Alachua County, Florida __knowledge__ The first people known to have entered the area of Alachua County were Paleo-Indians, who left artifacts in the Santa Fe River basin prior to 8000 BCE.", "Alachua County, Florida __knowledge__ Artifacts from the Archaic period (8000 - 2000 BCE) have been found at several sites in Alachua County.", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ Gainesville is the county seat and largest city in Alachua County, Florida, United States, and the principal city of the Gainesville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ The population of Gainesville in the 2013 US Census estimates was 127,488, a 2.4% growth from 2010.", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ Gainesville is the largest city in the region of North Central Florida.", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ It is also a component of the Gainesville-Lake City Combined Statistical Area, which had a 2013 population of 337,925.", "Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ Gainesville is home to the University of Florida, the nation's ninth-largest university campus by enrollment, as well as to Santa Fe College.", "History of Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ The city of Gainesville, Florida, USA, was incorporated in 1869.", "History of Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ About 12,000 years ago Paleo-Indians lived in Florida, but fewer than 100 sites have been found.", "History of Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ Although it is not known for certain whether any permanent settlements from that period were in the present city limits of Gainesville, archaeological evidence of human presence exists.", "History of Gainesville, Florida __knowledge__ With the end of the ice age to the north, sea levels rose so that coastal Florida became inundated and Florida's land mass shrank while the southeastern United States became wetter than it had been, so the Paleo-Indians required fewer moves between water spots and more populous camps inhabited for longer periods of time emerged; among the spots where camps from this later period have been found is around Paynes Prairie very close to Gainesville.", "Alachua County Library District __knowledge__ The Alachua County Library District is an independent special taxing district and the sole provider of public library service to approximately 250,000 citizens of Alachua County, Florida.", "Alachua County Library District __knowledge__ This includes all of the incorporated municipalities in the county.", "Alachua County Library District __knowledge__ It maintains a Headquarters Library and four other branches in Gainesville.", "Alachua County Library District __knowledge__ There are branch locations in seven of the eight other incorporated municipalities in the county.", "Alachua County Library District __knowledge__ ACLD also operates a branch at the county jail, and two bookmobiles.", "Alachua County Library District __knowledge__ The Alachua County Library District has twelve locations.", "Alachua County Library District __knowledge__ In Gainesville alone there are five locations, including the Headquarters Branch in downtown Gainesville, Millhopper Branch in northwest Gainesville, Tower Road Branch in unincorporated Alachua county southwest of Gainesville, Library Partnership Branch in northeast Gainesville, and Cone Park Branch in east Gainesville.", "Buchholz High School __knowledge__ F. W. Buchholz High School (commonly referred to as Buchholz or BHS) is a high school in Gainesville, Florida.", "Buchholz High School __knowledge__ Buchholz (pronounced \"BYOO-holts\") is one of seven high schools in Alachua County.", "Buchholz High School __knowledge__ Opened in January 1971, it is the largest public high school in Gainesville.", "Buchholz High School __knowledge__ In 2012, it had an enrollment of 3,230 students, with 103 classroom teachers.", "Buchholz High School __knowledge__ There were 512 seniors in the graduating class of May 2013.", "Buchholz High School __knowledge__ In 2008, \"Newsweek\" rated the school No.", "Buchholz High School __knowledge__ 105 out of 1300 public high schools in the nation.", "Buchholz High School __knowledge__ The School Board of Alachua County began construction in 1968 for two new high schools in the rapidly expanding suburbs of Gainesville, Florida, to supplement the city's two existing public high schools.", "Alachua, Florida __knowledge__ Alachua ( ) is a city in Alachua County, Florida, United States.", "Alachua, Florida __knowledge__ According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the city's population was 9,059.", "Alachua, Florida __knowledge__ The city is part of the Gainesville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, which was home to 264,275 people at the 2010 census.", "Alachua, Florida __knowledge__ Alachua was established in 1884 on a railroad line, after the railroad had bypassed nearby Newnansville.", "Alachua, Florida __knowledge__ Alachua got a post office in 1887 and was incorporated as a city on 12 April 1905, at which time it had a population of 526 people.", "Alachua, Florida __knowledge__ Alachua is located at (29.779286, -82.479849).", "Alachua, Florida __knowledge__ According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which is land and (1.08%) is water.", "Florida Certified Organic Growers __knowledge__ Florida Certified Organic Growers and Consumers, also known as Florida Organic Growers or FOG, is a non-profit organization founded in 1987.", "Florida Certified Organic Growers __knowledge__ It is classified as a 501(c) corporation.", "Florida Certified Organic Growers __knowledge__ One of the main facets of FOG is Quality Certification Services, a program that extends through 30 states and 14 countries.", "Florida Certified Organic Growers __knowledge__ FOG is also concerned with community outreach and education in order to promote healthy organic lifestyles and social equity.", "Florida Certified Organic Growers __knowledge__ Headquartered in Gainesville, Florida, FOG began as community farmers joining together to promote and ensure quality organic food and farming practices.", "Florida Certified Organic Growers __knowledge__ In response to the Florida Organic Farming and Food Law of 1990 and the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990, FOG began a quality certification program in order to protect consumers and enforce consistent organic standards." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 49, 88 ]

[ "Have you ever been to a Renaissance fair?", "There is one that is held each year at the Gainesville Regional Airport.", "Gainesville, Fla. is in Alachua County. It is under two hours from Orlando.", "I have never heard of Edward Leadskalnin. Did he have anything to do with organic growing?" ]

[ "Renaissance fair", "Renaissance fair", "Renaissance fair", "Renaissance fair" ]

[ "Beer\nHello. How are you? Do you like to drink beer ? ", "Nice. What is it? My favorite is a local beer called Lazy Magnolia. But if I can not have that I am ok with Bud Light", "Sounds good!! I love anything really with a citrus taste. ", "Wow! I did not realize how hold it truly was. That is interesting. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Beer __knowledge__ In commercial brewing, the natural carbonation effect is often removed during processing and replaced with forced carbonation.", "Beer __knowledge__ Some of humanity's earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating beer and beer parlours, and \"The Hymn to Ninkasi\", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars.", "I Like Girls That Drink Beer __knowledge__ \"I Like Girls That Drink Beer\" is a song recorded by American country music singer Toby Keith and co-written with Bobby Pinson.", "I Like Girls That Drink Beer __knowledge__ It was released in July 2012 and is the first single from his album \"Hope on the Rocks\", released on October 30, 2012.", "I Like Girls That Drink Beer __knowledge__ Matt Bjorke of Roughstock.com states that the chorus of this uptempo break-up song, \"feels distinctly country and what's good about it is that it's a song that's not really about beer.", "I Like Girls That Drink Beer __knowledge__ The hook \"I like girls that drink beer\" is more about finding a down to earth, regular woman instead of a high society, high-maintenance woman.” He goes on to say that, \"Clearly contemporary, the song still has loads of fiddle, audible steel guitars and a downright country melody that makes it one of the most 'traditional' sounding songs to hit country radio.\"", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Hibernia Brewing Ltd. was an American brewery company, the successor firm to the Walter Brewing Company, located in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Under the leadership of Michael Healy, president and chief stockholder of Hibernia, the brewery introduced several specialty brews considered innovative for their time and became one of the first producers in the American Midwest of what now are considered to be craft beers and ales.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ At its peak, Hibernia produced over 30,000 barrels of beer per year, employed about 50 workers, and had a market range that included Minneapolis–Saint Paul, St. Louis, Missouri, and Omaha, Nebraska, with success also in Denver and Boulder, Colorado to the west and south; and Chicago, Milwaukee, and suburban Cleveland, Ohio to the east.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The Altamont Speedway Free Festival was a counterculture-era rock concert in 1969 in the United States, held at the Altamont Speedway in northern California on Saturday, December 6.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The event is best known for considerable violence, including the stabbing death of Meredith Hunter and three accidental deaths: two caused by a hit-and-run car accident, and one by LSD-induced drowning in an irrigation canal.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ Scores were injured, numerous cars were stolen and then abandoned, and there was extensive property damage.", "Altamont Free Concert __knowledge__ The concert featured (in order of appearance): Santana, The Flying Burrito Brothers, Jefferson Airplane and Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, with the Rolling Stones taking the stage as the final act.", "Belgian beer culture __knowledge__ Belgian beer culture includes the traditions and craftsmanship of brewing beer, as well as the associated lifestyle of savoring food and drink, and enjoying companionship.", "Belgian beer culture __knowledge__ Recognized for the diversity and versatility of its brewing, Belgian beer culture was inscribed on the list of \"Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity\" by UNESCO in 2016.", "Belgian beer culture __knowledge__ The diversity of traditional Belgian beer is the result of many factors such as brewing process, color, texture, method of fermentation, yeasts used, basic ingredients, and knowledge of traditions that have been handed down for centuries.", "Belgian beer culture __knowledge__ Many local Belgian beers are brewed by micro-breweries.", "Beer in Australia __knowledge__ Beer arrived in Australia at the beginning of British colonisation.", "Beer in Australia __knowledge__ In 2004 Australia was ranked fourth internationally in per capita beer consumption, at around 110 litres per year; although, the nation ranked considerably lower in a World Health Organization report of alcohol consumption per capita of 12.2 litres.", "Beer in Australia __knowledge__ The most popular beer style in modern Australia is lager.", "Beer in Australia __knowledge__ The oldest brewery still in operation is the Cascade Brewery, established in Tasmania in 1824.", "Beer in Australia __knowledge__ The largest Australian-owned brewery is the family-owned Coopers Brewery, as the other two major breweries Foster's Group and Lion Nathan are owned by the South African SABMiller and the Japanese Kirin Brewing Company, respectively." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Beer __knowledge__ In commercial brewing, the natural carbonation effect is often removed during processing and replaced with forced carbonation.", "Beer __knowledge__ Some of humanity's earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating beer and beer parlours, and \"The Hymn to Ninkasi\", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars.", "Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company __knowledge__ Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company is a brewing company founded in 2003 in Kiln, Mississippi, USA.", "Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company __knowledge__ It operates in a warehouse near Stennis International Airport.", "Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company __knowledge__ It is Mississippi's first package brewery since Prohibition.", "Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company __knowledge__ Its Southern Pecan Nut Brown Ale beer won the 2006 Bronze Medal in the World Beer Cup, in the Specialty Beer category.", "Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company __knowledge__ Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company was founded by Mark and Leslie Henderson.", "Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company __knowledge__ Leslie entered the American Brewers Guild Brewing School in July 2003 and followed this up with an apprenticeship at Crescent City Brewhouse in the spring of 2004.", "Lazy Magnolia Brewing Company __knowledge__ A building was secured in September 2004; the brewing equipment was delivered in October and fully set-up by December.", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ Anheuser-Busch, a wholly owned subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, is the largest brewing company in the United States, with a market share of 45 percent in 2016.", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ The company operates 12 breweries in the United States and nearly 20 in other countries, which increased recently since Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV acquired SABMiller.", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ Brands include \"Budweiser\", \"Busch\", \"Michelob\", \"Bud Light\", and \"Natural Light\".", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ \"Budweiser\" is a 5.0% ABV Adjunct pale lager introduced in 1876 by Adolphus Busch and has become one of the best selling beers in the United States.", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ It is made with up to 30% rice in addition to hops and barley malt.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ Beer in Africa, especially lager, is produced commercially in most African countries, and varieties of beer are also made by indigenous tribes.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ Beer is served in a range of locales, from neighbourhood shebeens to upscale bars.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ Many countries have standardized beer bottle sizes, which are cleaned and re-used, and so when buying beer at a store often people must pay a deposit on the bottle as well as the price of the beer.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ An alternative to glass-bottle beers is local beer sold in tetra-pak style paper cartons.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ South Africa consumes the most beer of any African country, with an average of 60 litres of beer consumed per person annually.", "Bud Light Daredevils __knowledge__ The Bud Light Daredevils were an American acrobatic basketball show that performed during the halftime of college and NBA basketball games from 1983 to 1998.", "Bud Light Daredevils __knowledge__ The show combined gymnastics, trampoline, acrobatics, and basketball.", "Bud Light Daredevils __knowledge__ The team was started by University of Mississippi cheerleaders Ty Cobb, Sam Martin, Robert Kirby, Tyler Hubbard, John White, and Ty Cobb's younger brother Guy Cobb.", "Bud Light Daredevils __knowledge__ In 1980, Ty Cobb, along with fellow cheerleaders Sam Martin, John White, and Jeff Hubbard (as Ole Miss Rebels mascot Colonel Reb) began performing ball handling skits and acrobatics which incorporated a mini-trampoline during the time-outs and half-time of Ole Miss basketball games.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ Beer in Mexico has a long history.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ While Mesoamerican cultures knew of fermented alcoholic beverages, including a corn beer, long before the Spanish conquest, European style beer brewed with barley was introduced with the Spanish soon after Hernán Cortés’s arrival.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ Production of this beer here was limited during the colonial period due to the lack of materials and severe restrictions and taxes placed on the product by Spanish authorities.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ After the Mexican War of Independence, these restrictions disappeared, and the industry was permitted to develop.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ Furthermore, the arrival of German immigrants and the short-lived empire of Austrian Maximilian I in the 19th century provided the impetus for the opening of many breweries in various parts of the country.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ Budweiser () is an American-style pale lager produced by Anheuser-Busch, currently part of the transnational corporation Anheuser-Busch InBev.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ Introduced in 1876 by Carl Conrad & Co. of St. Louis, Missouri, it has grown to become one of the largest selling beers in the United States, and is available in over 80 markets worldwidethough, due to a trademark dispute, not necessarily under the Budweiser name.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ It is made with up to 30% rice in addition to hops and barley malt.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ Produced in various breweries around the world, Budweiser is a filtered beer available in draft and packaged forms.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ Anheuser–Busch has been involved in a trademark dispute with European beer companies, in particular the Budweiser Budvar Brewery of České Budějovice, Czech Republic, over the trademark rights to the name \"Budweiser\".", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.", "Beer bottle __knowledge__ A beer bottle is a bottle designed as a container for beer.", "Beer bottle __knowledge__ Such designs vary greatly in size and shape, but the glass commonly is brown or green to reduce spoilage from light, especially ultraviolet.", "Beer bottle __knowledge__ The most widely established alternatives to glass containers for beer in retail marketing are beverage cans and aluminum bottles; for larger volumes kegs are in common use.", "Beer bottle __knowledge__ Bottling lines are production lines that fill beer into bottles on a large scale.", "Beer bottle __knowledge__ The process is typically as follows: 1) Filling a bottle in a filling machine (\"filler\") typically involves drawing beer from a holding tank 2) Capping the bottle, labeling it and 3) Packing the bottles into cases or cartons.", "James Storm __knowledge__ James Allen Cox (born June 1, 1977) better known by the ring name James Storm, is an American professional wrestler who is best known for his time with Impact Wrestling.", "James Storm __knowledge__ During his time with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (now Impact Wrestling), Storm became a one-time TNA World Heavyweight Champion, one-time TNA King of the Mountain Champion, a record seven-time NWA World Tag Team Champion as a member of America's Most Wanted with Chris Harris and a record seven-time TNA World Tag Team Champion, five as a member of Beer Money, Inc. with Bobby Roode and once each with Abyss and Gunner.", "James Storm __knowledge__ Storm has held a total of 16 championships in TNA.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ The state laws governing alcoholic beverages in New Jersey are among the most complex in the United States, with many peculiarities not found in other states' laws.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ They provide for 29 distinct liquor licenses granted to manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and for the public warehousing and transport of alcoholic beverages.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ General authority for the statutory and regulatory control of alcoholic beverages rests with the state government, particularly the Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control overseen by the state's Attorney General.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ Under home rule, New Jersey law grants individual municipalities substantial discretion in passing ordinances regulating the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages within their limits.", "Beer in Belgium __knowledge__ Beer in Belgium varies from pale lager via the amber of special and lambic beer, red of Flemish red, to black of Scotch and Stout beers.", "Beer in Belgium __knowledge__ There are approximately 180 breweries in the country, ranging from international giants to microbreweries.", "Beer in Belgium __knowledge__ In 2016, UNESCO inscribed Belgian beer culture on their list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity, noting that: beer culture in Belgium combines know-how concerning nature, social practices and craft skills that constitute an integral part of daily and festive life.", "Beer in Belgium __knowledge__ Regularly shared between practitioners, knowledge and skills are transmitted from masters to apprentices in breweries but also within families, in public spaces and through formal education." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Beer __knowledge__ In commercial brewing, the natural carbonation effect is often removed during processing and replaced with forced carbonation.", "Beer __knowledge__ Some of humanity's earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating beer and beer parlours, and \"The Hymn to Ninkasi\", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Sounds Good Feels Good is the second studio album by Australian rock band 5 Seconds of Summer.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released on 23 October 2015 through the labels Hi or Hey and Capitol Records.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2014 to 2015, in the United States.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Record production of the album was handled by John Feldmann, The Monsters and the Strangerz, David Hodges and Mike Green.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording and writing started after the band became popular worldwide with the release of their debut album, \"5 Seconds of Summer\", and two of its singles in particular, \"She Looks So Perfect\" and \"Amnesia\".", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Following the release of their live album \"LiveSOS\" in 2014, 5 Seconds of Summer took a break for the holidays.", "Game Council New South Wales __knowledge__ Game Council New South Wales was a statutory authority of the Government of New South Wales established in 2002 pursuant to the \"Game and Feral Animal Control Act 2002\" ('the Act'), subject to the control and direction of the Minister for Primary Industries.", "Game Council New South Wales __knowledge__ The Game Council was established as a result of legislative pressure exerted by the Shooters Party, when it held the balance of power in the Legislative Council of New South Wales.", "Game Council New South Wales __knowledge__ Shooter's MP Robert Brown was instrumental in the formation of the legislation.", "Game Council New South Wales __knowledge__ On 4 July 2013 the Minister for Primary Industries announced the dissolution of the statutory authority following a review of governance of the Council by the NSW Government.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ \"That Sounds Good to Me\" is a song written and composed by Pete Waterman, Mike Stock and Steve Crosby that finished last when it represented the United Kingdom at the Eurovision Song Contest 2010 held in Oslo, Norway.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ The song and performer was revealed as Josh Dubovie on 12 March 2010 who won \"Eurovision: Your Country Needs You\".", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ The song was initially written by Pete Waterman and Mike Stock before even the gender of the singer had been chosen.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ It was only revealed to the public on 29 January 2010 that Pete Waterman would write the song.", "That Sounds Good to Me __knowledge__ On 19 February the BBC confirmed that Mike Stock would join his Stock Aitken Waterman partner in co-writing the song.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "The Beau Brummels __knowledge__ The Beau Brummels were an American rock band.", "The Beau Brummels __knowledge__ Formed in San Francisco in 1964, the band's original lineup included Sal Valentino (lead vocals), Ron Elliott (lead guitar), Ron Meagher (bass guitar), Declan Mulligan (rhythm guitar, bass, harmonica), and John Petersen (drums).", "The Beau Brummels __knowledge__ They were discovered by local disc jockeys who were looking to sign acts to their new label, Autumn Records, where Sylvester Stewart—later known as Sly Stone—produced the group's early recording sessions.", "The Beau Brummels __knowledge__ Initially, the band's musical style blended beat music and folk music and typically drew comparisons to the Beatles, while their later work incorporated other music genres such as psychedelic rock and country rock.", "War Baby (song) __knowledge__ \"War Baby\" is a song by Tom Robinson, released as a single in 1983.", "War Baby (song) __knowledge__ It reached No.", "War Baby (song) __knowledge__ 6 on the UK singles chart, and was included on Robinson's 1984 album \"Hope and Glory\".", "War Baby (song) __knowledge__ After the break-up of his band Sector 27, Robinson was \"massively into debt, particularly with the British tax authorities\", was \"technically bankrupt\", and depressed, so in 1982 he went to stay with a friend in Hamburg, Germany.", "War Baby (song) __knowledge__ He learnt German and started playing in Germany, including in East Berlin (seven years before the fall of the Berlin Wall), with East German band NO 55.", "War Baby (song) __knowledge__ Robinson describes writing the song, whilst stoned, after a bad experience at a gay sauna, he \"...wrote straight down \"only the very young and the very beautiful can be so aloof.\"", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ Beer in Mexico has a long history.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ While Mesoamerican cultures knew of fermented alcoholic beverages, including a corn beer, long before the Spanish conquest, European style beer brewed with barley was introduced with the Spanish soon after Hernán Cortés’s arrival.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ Production of this beer here was limited during the colonial period due to the lack of materials and severe restrictions and taxes placed on the product by Spanish authorities.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ After the Mexican War of Independence, these restrictions disappeared, and the industry was permitted to develop.", "Beer in Mexico __knowledge__ Furthermore, the arrival of German immigrants and the short-lived empire of Austrian Maximilian I in the 19th century provided the impetus for the opening of many breweries in various parts of the country.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.", "Brewing __knowledge__ It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the indigenous peoples in Brazil when making cauim.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia brewed beer.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies.", "Shmaltz Brewing Company __knowledge__ Shmaltz Brewing Company is an American Craft brewing company located in Clifton Park, New York, US, and produces the award winning line of HE'BREW Beers and formerly Coney Island Beer before its acquisition by Boston Beer Co in 2013.", "Shmaltz Brewing Company __knowledge__ Ranked in 2013 as one of the \"Top 100 Brewers in the World\" by RateBeer.com, Shmaltz won 9 Gold and 5 Silver Medals in the World Beer Championships in 2012.", "Shmaltz Brewing Company __knowledge__ A recipient of the \"Distinguished Business Award\" by the Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce, Shmaltz was also included in the \"Top 50 Fastest Growing Bay Area Companies\" by San Francisco Business Times.", "Shmaltz Brewing Company __knowledge__ Founder and owner Jeremy Cowan established the company in San Francisco in 1996 with the first 100 cases of He'brew Beer hand bottled and delivered throughout the Bay Area in his Grandmother’s Volvo.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ Beer in Africa, especially lager, is produced commercially in most African countries, and varieties of beer are also made by indigenous tribes.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ Beer is served in a range of locales, from neighbourhood shebeens to upscale bars.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ Many countries have standardized beer bottle sizes, which are cleaned and re-used, and so when buying beer at a store often people must pay a deposit on the bottle as well as the price of the beer.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ An alternative to glass-bottle beers is local beer sold in tetra-pak style paper cartons.", "Beer in Africa __knowledge__ South Africa consumes the most beer of any African country, with an average of 60 litres of beer consumed per person annually.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest beverages humans have produced, dating back to at least the 5th millennium BC in Iran, and was recorded in the written history of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and spread throughout the world.", "History of beer __knowledge__ As almost any cereal containing certain sugars can undergo spontaneous fermentation due to wild yeasts in the air, it is possible that beer-like beverages were independently developed throughout the world soon after a tribe or culture had domesticated cereal.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Chemical tests of ancient pottery jars reveal that beer was produced as far back as about 7,000 years ago in what is today Iran." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Beer __knowledge__ In commercial brewing, the natural carbonation effect is often removed during processing and replaced with forced carbonation.", "Beer __knowledge__ Some of humanity's earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating beer and beer parlours, and \"The Hymn to Ninkasi\", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is distributed in bottles and cans and is also commonly available on draught, particularly in pubs and bars.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The conservative Women for the Wall, sometimes abbreviated as W4W, is a grassroots organization founded in April 2013, concerned with preserving Jewish tradition at the Western Wall, also known as the Kotel.", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ The catalyst for the founding of Women for the Wall was lack of representation for the stand of traditional Jewish women in the controversy surrounding an alternative prayer group known as Women of the Wall (WoW).", "Women for the Wall __knowledge__ In the months leading to the establishment of W4W, Women of the Wall demanded to hold their services in the traditional women's section, rather than the Robinson's Arch area of the Kotel, where alternative prayer services are held.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ \"Let's Get Down\" is a song by American rapper Bow Wow, released on June 24, 2003 as the first single off his third album \"Unleashed\" (2003).", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Shad Moss, Phalon Alexander, Rahman Griffin and a then-unknown T.I..", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It was produced by Jazze Pha and features rapper Birdman under his former alias \"Baby\".", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ It's the first song to be released by Bow Wow without the \"Lil'\" moniker in his name after making his film debut in 2002's \"Like Mike\" and releasing his cover of \"Basketball\" for the film's soundtrack.", "Let's Get Down (Bow Wow song) __knowledge__ Bow Wow said that following the name change, he wanted to do the same with his music by contributing more into the songwriting process of the album and release a single that matched his new image.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "Oaxaca __knowledge__ Oaxaca ( , , from , ), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Oaxaca (), is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, make up the 32 federative entities of Mexico.", "Oaxaca __knowledge__ It is divided into 570 municipalities, of which 418 (almost three quarters) are governed by the system of Usos y costumbres (customs and traditions) with recognized local forms of self-governance.", "Oaxaca __knowledge__ Its capital city is Oaxaca de Juárez.", "Oaxaca __knowledge__ Oaxaca is located in Southwestern Mexico.", "Oaxaca __knowledge__ It is bordered by the states of Guerrero to the west, Puebla to the northwest, Veracruz to the north, Chiapas to the east.", "Oaxaca __knowledge__ To the south, Oaxaca has a significant coastline on the Pacific Ocean.", "Haplogroup E-V68 __knowledge__ Haplogroup E-V68, also known as E1b1b1a, is a major human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup found in North Africa, the Horn of Africa, Western Asia and Europe.", "Haplogroup E-V68 __knowledge__ It is a subclade of the larger haplogroup E1b1b-M215/M35.", "Haplogroup E-V68 __knowledge__ The E1b1b1a lineage is identified by the presence of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation on the Y chromosome, which is known as V68.", "Haplogroup E-V68 __knowledge__ It is a subject of discussion and study in genetics as well as genetic genealogy, archaeology, and historical linguistics.", "Haplogroup E-V68 __knowledge__ E-V68 is dominated by its longer-known subclade E-M78.", "Haplogroup E-V68 __knowledge__ In various publications, both E-V68 and E-M78 have been referred to by other names, especially phylogenetic nomenclature such as \"E3b1a\" which are designed to show their place on the family tree of all humans.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest beverages humans have produced, dating back to at least the 5th millennium BC in Iran, and was recorded in the written history of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and spread throughout the world.", "History of beer __knowledge__ As almost any cereal containing certain sugars can undergo spontaneous fermentation due to wild yeasts in the air, it is possible that beer-like beverages were independently developed throughout the world soon after a tribe or culture had domesticated cereal.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Chemical tests of ancient pottery jars reveal that beer was produced as far back as about 7,000 years ago in what is today Iran.", "History of Acton, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Acton, Massachusetts is a small town west of Boston in an area that has records of human habitation which stretch back 7000 years.", "History of Acton, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Acton citizens had a significant role in the battle of Battle of Lexington and Concord, the prelude to the American Revolution.", "History of Acton, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Acton's history reflects the major events that were occurring in Massachusetts, New England, the United States, and the world.", "History of Acton, Massachusetts __knowledge__ The rivers that run through Acton were used by Native Americans as part of their annual migration patterns thousands of years ago.", "History of Acton, Massachusetts __knowledge__ A Native American archaeological site was discovered in Acton in 1999 which produced evidence of habitation dating back 7000 years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers." ] ]

[ 8, 2, 69, 63 ]

[ "I absolutely do! I have a bottle of beer that I'm drinking as we speak.", "This is a local beer called \"Florida Cracker.\" It is an ale brewed with a few grains (mostly wheat) and a bit of citrus zest.", "Beer is over 7000 years old... it's no wonder why we like it.", "That does bring up the question though of what qualifies as beer. Really any cereal grain containing sugars can be fermented into \"beer.\" Ancient beer may not have tasted like what we have today." ]

[ "Beer", "Beer", "Beer", "Beer" ]

[ "Open relationship", "That is a great question. To me, an \"open\" relationship sounds more like \"no\" relationship. What say you?", "I don't accept that premise. Do you happen to have the % of stats? To me, polls or studies such as that are slanted to create \"facts\". " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Open relationship __knowledge__ An open relationship is an intimate relationship which is consensually non-monogamous.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ This term may sometimes refer to polyamory, but it is often used to signify a primary emotional and intimate relationship between two partners who agree to have sexual relationships but not romantic relationships with other people.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The nature of the openness in the relationship, including what outside sexual contact is permissible, varies widely.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Open relationships include any type of romantic relationship (dating, marriage, etc.)", "Open relationship __knowledge__ that is open.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The concept of an open relationship has been recognized since the 1970s.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ To a large degree, open relationships are a generalization of the concept of a relationship beyond monogamous relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ A form of open relationship is the open marriage, in which the participants in a marriage have an open relationship.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ There are several different styles of open relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Some examples include: The term open relationship is sometimes used interchangeably with the closely related term polyamory, but the two concepts are not identical.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The main unifying element to open relationship styles is non-exclusivity of romantic or sexual relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Some believe that open relationships occur more frequently in certain demographics, such as the young rather than the old in America, including, more specifically, the college-educated middle-class, rather than the uneducated working-class, or people of certain ethnic and/or other racial minorities." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Open relationship __knowledge__ An open relationship is an intimate relationship which is consensually non-monogamous.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ This term may sometimes refer to polyamory, but it is often used to signify a primary emotional and intimate relationship between two partners who agree to have sexual relationships but not romantic relationships with other people.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The nature of the openness in the relationship, including what outside sexual contact is permissible, varies widely.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Open relationships include any type of romantic relationship (dating, marriage, etc.)", "Open relationship __knowledge__ that is open.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The concept of an open relationship has been recognized since the 1970s.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ To a large degree, open relationships are a generalization of the concept of a relationship beyond monogamous relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ A form of open relationship is the open marriage, in which the participants in a marriage have an open relationship.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ There are several different styles of open relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Some examples include: The term open relationship is sometimes used interchangeably with the closely related term polyamory, but the two concepts are not identical.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The main unifying element to open relationship styles is non-exclusivity of romantic or sexual relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Some believe that open relationships occur more frequently in certain demographics, such as the young rather than the old in America, including, more specifically, the college-educated middle-class, rather than the uneducated working-class, or people of certain ethnic and/or other racial minorities.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The following is an alphabetical list of the minor characters in the various versions of \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", by Douglas Adams.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ The descriptions of the characters are accompanied by information on details about appearances and references to the characters.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Major characters— Arthur Dent, Ford Prefect, Zaphod Beeblebrox, Marvin the Paranoid Android, Trillian, and Slartibartfast—are separately described.", "List of minor The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy characters __knowledge__ Lists are also available for places in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", races and species in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", technology in \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", phrases from \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\", and cast lists for \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "Protectors __knowledge__ The Protectors was a 20-issue comic book series published by Malibu Comics from 1992 until 1994.", "Protectors __knowledge__ Originally meant to be a six-issue series, response was positive enough that Malibu decided to make the series ongoing.", "Protectors __knowledge__ The series was cancelled (along with the rest of the \"Genesis\" titles) so that, according to Malibu, they could focus more on the \"Ultraverse\" line.", "Protectors __knowledge__ Many of the characters included in the series were taken from heroes created by Centaur Publications, and had fallen into the Public Domain.", "Protectors __knowledge__ Some heroes were given new names, such as: Gravestone (formerly Fantom of the Fair, Fantom or Fantoman), Nightmask (Masked Marvel), Thresher (a.k.a.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "1907 Belfast Dock strike __knowledge__ The Belfast Dock strike or Belfast lockout took place in Belfast, Ireland from 26 April to 28 August 1907.", "1907 Belfast Dock strike __knowledge__ The strike was called by Liverpool-born trade union leader James Larkin who had successfully organised the dock workers to join the National Union of Dock Labourers (NUDL).", "1907 Belfast Dock strike __knowledge__ The dockers, both Protestant and Catholic, had gone on strike after their demand for union recognition was refused.", "1907 Belfast Dock strike __knowledge__ They were soon joined by carters, shipyard workers, sailors, firemen, boilermakers, coal heavers, transport workers, and women from the city's largest tobacco factory.", "1907 Belfast Dock strike __knowledge__ Most of the dock labourers were employed by powerful tobacco magnate Thomas Gallaher, chairman of the Belfast Steamship Company and owner of Gallaher's Tobacco Factory.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation Ford Mustang is the current iteration of the Mustang pony car manufactured by Ford.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The sixth generation was presented at private Ford events on December 5, 2013 and commenced series production at the Ford Flat Rock Assembly Plant on July 14, 2014.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ In departure from prior Mustang models, the sixth generation Mustang includes fully independent rear suspension on all models, as well as an optional 2.3L EcoBoost turbocharged and direct injected four cylinder engine.", "Ford Mustang (sixth generation) __knowledge__ The new Mustang was introduced as a 2015 model year vehicle, marking the fiftieth anniversary of the Ford Mustang, which was revealed as a 1965 model year vehicle on April 17, 1964.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Relationship maintenance comprises behaviors partners perform in order to maintain satisfaction and extend the duration of a relationship.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ The impact of open marriage on relationships varies across couples, yielding positive, neutral, and negative outcomes.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Some couples report high levels of marital satisfaction and have long-lasting open marriages.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Other couples drop out of the open marriage lifestyle and return to sexual monogamy.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Still other couples experience serious problems and report that open marriage contributed to their divorces.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Scientists do not yet understand why some couples respond positively to open marriage while other couples respond negatively.", "Monogamy __knowledge__ Monogamy ( ) is a form of relationship in which an individual has only one partner during their lifetime or at any one time (serial monogamy), as compared to polygamy, polyandry, or polyamory.", "Monogamy __knowledge__ The term is also applied to the social behavior of some animals, referring to the state of having only one mate at any one time.", "Monogamy __knowledge__ The term monogamy is used to describe for different relationships.", "Monogamy __knowledge__ Biologists, biological anthropologists, and behavioral ecologists often use the term monogamy in the sense of sexual, if not genetic, monogamy.", "Monogamy __knowledge__ Modern biological researchers, using the theory of evolution, approach human monogamy as the same in human and non-human animal species.", "Polyamory __knowledge__ Polyamory (from Greek ', \"many, several\", and Latin ', \"love\") is the practice of, or desire for, intimate relationships with more than one partner, with the knowledge of all partners.", "Polyamory __knowledge__ It has been described as \"consensual, ethical, and responsible non-monogamy\".", "Polyamory __knowledge__ People who identify as polyamorous reject the view that sexual and relational exclusivity are necessary for deep, committed, long-term loving relationships.", "Polyamory __knowledge__ Polyamorous arrangements are varied, reflecting the choices and philosophies of the individuals involved, but with recurring themes or values, such as love, intimacy, honesty, integrity, equality, communication, and commitment.", "Open marriage jealousy __knowledge__ Open marriage jealousy refers to thoughts, feelings, and behaviors associated with romantic rivalry and jealousy within an open marriage.", "Open marriage jealousy __knowledge__ Couples in open marriage expose themselves to situations that can potentially provoke jealousy.", "Open marriage jealousy __knowledge__ Most couples in open marriages report experiencing jealousy at some point during their marriage.", "Open marriage jealousy __knowledge__ Couples in open marriages also experience jealousy more frequently than couples in sexually monogamous marriages.", "Open marriage jealousy __knowledge__ Ground rules are one way to help manage jealousy in open relationships.", "Open marriage jealousy __knowledge__ However, ground rules may not be sufficient.", "Open marriage jealousy __knowledge__ Couples in open marriages may benefit from a general understanding of jealousy and how to cope with it.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Infidelity (synonyms include: cheating, adultery (when married), netorare (NTR), being unfaithful, or having an affair) is a violation of a couple's assumed or stated contract regarding emotional and/or sexual exclusivity.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ Other scholars define infidelity as a violation according to the subjective feeling that one's partner has violated a set of rules or relationship norms; this violation results in feelings of sexual jealousy and rivalry.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ What constitutes an act of infidelity depends upon the exclusivity expectations within the relationship.", "Infidelity __knowledge__ In marital relationships, exclusivity expectations are commonly assumed although they are not always met.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ The incidence of open marriage is the frequency with which open marriage occurs.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ Several definitional issues complicate attempts to determine the incidence of open marriage.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ People sometimes claim to have open marriages when their spouses would not agree.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ Couples may agree to allow extramarital sex but never actually engage in extramarital sex.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ Some researchers define open marriages in narrower terms than others.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ Despite these difficulties, researchers have estimated that between 1.7 percent and 6 percent of married people are involved in open marriages.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ The incidence of open marriage has remained relatively stable over the last two generations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Open relationship __knowledge__ An open relationship is an intimate relationship which is consensually non-monogamous.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ This term may sometimes refer to polyamory, but it is often used to signify a primary emotional and intimate relationship between two partners who agree to have sexual relationships but not romantic relationships with other people.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The nature of the openness in the relationship, including what outside sexual contact is permissible, varies widely.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Open relationships include any type of romantic relationship (dating, marriage, etc.)", "Open relationship __knowledge__ that is open.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The concept of an open relationship has been recognized since the 1970s.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ To a large degree, open relationships are a generalization of the concept of a relationship beyond monogamous relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ A form of open relationship is the open marriage, in which the participants in a marriage have an open relationship.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ There are several different styles of open relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Some examples include: The term open relationship is sometimes used interchangeably with the closely related term polyamory, but the two concepts are not identical.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ The main unifying element to open relationship styles is non-exclusivity of romantic or sexual relationships.", "Open relationship __knowledge__ Some believe that open relationships occur more frequently in certain demographics, such as the young rather than the old in America, including, more specifically, the college-educated middle-class, rather than the uneducated working-class, or people of certain ethnic and/or other racial minorities.", "Conscience __knowledge__ Conscience is an aptitude, faculty, intuition or judgment that assists in distinguishing right from wrong.", "Conscience __knowledge__ Moral judgment may derive from values or norms (principles and rules).", "Conscience __knowledge__ In psychological terms conscience is often described as leading to feelings of remorse when a human commits actions that go against his/her moral values and to feelings of rectitude or integrity when actions conform to such norms.", "Conscience __knowledge__ The extent to which conscience informs moral judgment before an action and whether such moral judgments are or should be based in reason has occasioned debate through much of the history of Western philosophy.", "Instrumentalism __knowledge__ Instrumentalism is one of a multitude of modern schools of thought created by scientists and philosophers throughout the 20th century.", "Instrumentalism __knowledge__ It is named for its premise that theories are tools or instruments able to identify reliable means-end relations found in experience, but not to identify realities beyond experience.", "Instrumentalism __knowledge__ Its premises and practices were most clearly stated by two philosophers, John Dewey (1859-1952) and Karl Popper (1902-1994).", "Instrumentalism __knowledge__ Independently, they defined the school quite similarly, but their judgments of its premises were irreconcilable.", "Instrumentalism __knowledge__ Dewey was a practitioner of instrumentalism.", "Instrumentalism __knowledge__ He held that means-end relations can be discovered by reasoning inductively and deductively about experience.", "Opinion poll __knowledge__ An opinion poll, often simply referred to as a poll or a survey, is a human research survey of public opinion from a particular sample.", "Opinion poll __knowledge__ Opinion polls are usually designed to represent the opinions of a population by conducting a series of questions and then extrapolating generalities in ratio or within confidence intervals.", "Opinion poll __knowledge__ The first known example of an opinion poll was a local straw poll conducted by \"The Aru Pennsylvanian\" in 1824, showing Andrew Jackson leading John Quincy Adams by 335 votes to 169 in the contest for the United States Presidency.", "Opinion poll __knowledge__ Since Jackson won the popular vote in that state and the whole country, such straw votes gradually became more popular, but they remained local, usually citywide phenomena.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Media bias __knowledge__ Media bias is the bias or perceived bias of journalists and news producers within the mass media in the selection of events and stories that are reported and how they are covered.", "Media bias __knowledge__ The term \"media bias\" implies a pervasive or widespread bias contravening the standards of journalism, rather than the perspective of an individual journalist or article.", "Media bias __knowledge__ The direction and degree of media bias in various countries is widely disputed.", "Media bias __knowledge__ Practical limitations to media neutrality include the inability of journalists to report all available stories and facts, and the requirement that selected facts be linked into a coherent narrative.", "Bowl Championship Series controversies __knowledge__ The Bowl Championship Series (BCS) was a selection system designed, through polls and computer statistics, to determine a No.", "Bowl Championship Series controversies __knowledge__ 1 and No.", "Bowl Championship Series controversies __knowledge__ 2 ranked team in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS).", "Bowl Championship Series controversies __knowledge__ After the final polls, the two top teams were chosen to play in the BCS National Championship Game which determined the BCS national champion team, but not the champion team for independent voting systems (most notably the AP Poll).", "Bowl Championship Series controversies __knowledge__ This format was intended to be \"bowl-centered\" rather than a traditional playoff system, since numerous FBS Conferences have expressed their unwillingness to participate in a play-off system.", "Nuclear program of Iran __knowledge__ The nuclear program of Iran has included several research sites, two uranium mines, a research reactor, and uranium processing facilities that include three known uranium enrichment plants.", "Nuclear program of Iran __knowledge__ In 1970, Iran ratified the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), making its nuclear program subject to the IAEA's verification.", "Nuclear program of Iran __knowledge__ Iran's nuclear program was launched in the 1950s with the help of the United States as part of the Atoms for Peace program.", "Nuclear program of Iran __knowledge__ The participation of the United States and Western European governments in Iran's nuclear program continued until the 1979 Iranian Revolution that toppled the last Shah of Iran.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Relationship maintenance comprises behaviors partners perform in order to maintain satisfaction and extend the duration of a relationship.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ The impact of open marriage on relationships varies across couples, yielding positive, neutral, and negative outcomes.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Some couples report high levels of marital satisfaction and have long-lasting open marriages.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Other couples drop out of the open marriage lifestyle and return to sexual monogamy.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Still other couples experience serious problems and report that open marriage contributed to their divorces.", "Open marriage relationship __knowledge__ Scientists do not yet understand why some couples respond positively to open marriage while other couples respond negatively.", "Open marriage __knowledge__ Open marriage typically refers to a marriage in which the partners agree that each may engage in extramarital sexual relationships, without this being regarded as infidelity.", "Open marriage __knowledge__ There are many different styles of open marriage (such as swinging and polyamory), each with the partners having varying levels of input on their spouse's activities.", "Open marriage __knowledge__ The origins of the term remain obscure.", "Open marriage __knowledge__ Researchers in the 1960s used the term \"open marriage\" to describe individual freedom in choosing marriage partners.", "Open marriage __knowledge__ A \"closed marriage\" said individuals had to marry someone based on social conventions and proscriptions; \"open marriage\" meant individuals could choose to marry someone based on personal preferences.", "Open marriage acceptance __knowledge__ The lack of social acceptance for open marriage deals with the generally negative attitudes toward open marriage in Western societies, the reasons for those negative attitudes, and the consequences of those negative attitudes for couples in open marriages.", "Open marriage acceptance __knowledge__ Surveys have shown large majorities of people disapprove of extramarital sexual activity.", "Open marriage acceptance __knowledge__ A few studies show people specifically disapprove of open marriages.", "Open marriage acceptance __knowledge__ Critics have put forward moral, medical, and psychological objections to open marriages.", "Open marriage acceptance __knowledge__ The lack of social acceptance places pressure on couples to hide their open marriages from family, friends, and colleagues.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "Leisure satisfaction __knowledge__ \"Leisure refers to activities that a person voluntarily engages in when they are free from any work, social or familial responsibilities.\"", "Leisure satisfaction __knowledge__ Leisure satisfaction is the positive perceptions or feelings that an individual forms, elicits and gains as a result of engaging in leisure activities and choices.", "Leisure satisfaction __knowledge__ What can contribute to leisure satisfaction is to what degree an individual is currently satisfied with their leisure experiences and activities.", "Leisure satisfaction __knowledge__ An individual might attain positive feelings of contentment and happiness that result from the satisfaction of needs.", "Leisure satisfaction __knowledge__ Participation in leisure activities and leisure satisfaction are inextricably linked to an individual's health.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ The incidence of open marriage is the frequency with which open marriage occurs.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ Several definitional issues complicate attempts to determine the incidence of open marriage.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ People sometimes claim to have open marriages when their spouses would not agree.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ Couples may agree to allow extramarital sex but never actually engage in extramarital sex.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ Some researchers define open marriages in narrower terms than others.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ Despite these difficulties, researchers have estimated that between 1.7 percent and 6 percent of married people are involved in open marriages.", "Open marriage incidence __knowledge__ The incidence of open marriage has remained relatively stable over the last two generations.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Marriage and health are closely related.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Married people experience lower morbidity and mortality across such diverse health threats as cancer, heart attacks, and surgery.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ There are gender differences in these effects which may be partially due to men's and women's relative status.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Most research on marriage and health has focused on heterosexual couples, and more work is needed to clarify the health effects on same-sex marriage.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Simply being married, as well as the quality of one's marriage, has been linked to diverse measures of health.", "Marriage and health __knowledge__ Research has examined the social-cognitive, emotional, behavioral and biological processes involved in these links." ] ]

[ 1, 46, 53 ]

[ "I don't understand people being in open relationships where they are not monogamous. Why even BE in a relationship?", "I agree. Open marriage relationship couples report high levels of marital satisfaction. That is just twisted.", "No, what I have read just said \"many couples.\" They don't even know the origin of the term open relationship. Had to be late 60's." ]

[ "Open relationship", "Open relationship", "Open relationship" ]

[ "Dog\nHello. Do you happen to have a dog?", "Interesting. I would have thought that some sort of livestock would have been the first to be domesticated.", "Yeah I wonder if they were as highly regarded as say cats in ancient Egyptian culture. I can see them being important though since dogs are so useful.", "As an independent what?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Shortly after her creation in 1974, the Hello Kitty vinyl coin purse was introduced by Sanrio in March 1975.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character was then brought to the United States in 1976.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ The character is a staple of the \"kawaii\" segment of Japanese popular culture.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2010, Sanrio had groomed Hello Kitty into a global marketing phenomenon worth $5 billion a year.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ By 2014, when Hello Kitty was 40 years old, she was worth about $7 billion a year, all without advertising except on Sanrio's, related show producers', and ticket sales' webpages and at show venues and nearby locations.", "Hello Kitty __knowledge__ Originally aimed at preadolescent females, Hello Kitty's market has broadened to include adult consumers, being found on a variety of products ranging from school supplies to fashion accessories.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Sanrio, a Japanese company specialized in creating cute characters.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Beginning in 1963, Sanrio sells and licenses products branded with these characters and has created over 400 characters, with the most successful and best known being Hello Kitty.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ The characters listed here are shown with the year in which they first appeared.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ is the best-known of Sanrio's fictional characters, created in 1974.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty is drawn simply with a trademark red bow.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Registered in 1975, Hello Kitty is now a globally known trademark.", "List of Sanrio characters __knowledge__ Hello Kitty has been marketed in the United States from the beginning and has held the position of U.S. children's ambassador for UNICEF since 1983.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ No Man's Sky is an action-adventure survival video game developed and published by the indie studio Hello Games for PlayStation 4 and Microsoft Windows.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ It was released worldwide in August 2016.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ The game is built around four pillars: exploration, survival, combat, and trading.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Players are free to perform within the entirety of a procedurally generated deterministic open universe, which includes over 18 quintillion planets.", "No Man's Sky __knowledge__ Through the game's procedural generation system, planets have their own ecosystems with unique forms of flora and fauna, and various sentient alien species may engage the player in combat or trade within planetary systems.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ In 1997, Japanese rock group Sharam Q, fronted by Tsunku, began auditions for a female vocalist.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ These auditions aired via the reality show Asayan, and resulted in Michiyo Heike being crowned winner.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Tsunku, however, decided to give five of the runners-up, Yuko Nakazawa, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda and Aya Ishiguro, a chance to become a group in their own right.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls were set the task of selling 50,000 copies of their demo single \"Ai no Tane,\" in just five days.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ The girls sold the required number of copies in four days, and subsequently became an official group.", "Hello! Project __knowledge__ Morning Musume's debut single, \"Morning Coffee,\" was released on January 28, 1998 on the One Up Music label and charted at #6 on the Oricon weekly chart.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The syntax of JavaScript is the set of rules that define a correctly structured JavaScript program.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The examples below make use of the log function of the console object present in most browsers for standard text output.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The JavaScript standard library lacks an official standard text output function.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Given that JavaScript is mainly used for client-side scripting within modern Web browsers, and that almost all Web browsers provide the alert function, alert can also be used, but is not commonly used.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Brendan Eich summarized the ancestry of the syntax in the first paragraph of the JavaScript 1.1 specification as follows: JavaScript is case sensitive.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ \"Hello, Goodbye\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon–McCartney.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ Backed by John Lennon's \"I Am the Walrus\", it was issued as a non-album single in November 1967, the group's first release since the death of their manager, Brian Epstein.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The single was commercially successful around the world, topping charts in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and several other countries.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ McCartney later said that the lyrics take duality as their theme.", "Hello, Goodbye __knowledge__ The song originated when, in response to a question from Beatles aide Alistair Taylor about songwriting, McCartney sat down at a harmonium and asked Taylor to say the opposite of whatever he said.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ , formerly simply and colloquially referred to as , is a Japanese female idol group, holding the second highest overall single sales (of a female group) on the Oricon charts as of February 2012, with the Oricon record of most top ten singles with an amount of 50, and they have sold over 21 million copies in Japan alone.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Morning Musume was formed in 1997 by rock singer-songwriter turned record producer Tsunku, who later composed the vast majority of the group's songs over the decade.", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ They are the lead group of Hello!", "Morning Musume __knowledge__ Project that specialises in upbeat, pop-oriented music coupled with dance performance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ The history of agriculture records the domestication of plants and animals and the development and dissemination of techniques for raising them productively.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture began independently in different parts of the globe, and included a diverse range of taxa.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ At least eleven separate regions of the Old and New World were involved as independent centers of origin.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ Wild grains were collected and eaten from at least 20,000 BC.", "History of agriculture __knowledge__ From around 9,500 BC, the eight Neolithic founder crops—emmer wheat, einkorn wheat, hulled barley, peas, lentils, bitter vetch, chick peas, and flax—were cultivated in the Levant.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture is the cultivation and breeding of animals, plants and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants and other products used to sustain and enhance life.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that nurtured the development of civilization.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science.", "Agriculture __knowledge__ The history of agriculture by humans dates back thousands of years, and its development has been driven and defined by greatly different climates, cultures, and technologies; industrial agriculture based on large-scale monoculture farming has become the dominant agricultural method.", "Livestock __knowledge__ Livestock are domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to produce labor and commodities such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, jewellery and wool.", "Livestock __knowledge__ The term is sometimes used to refer solely to those that are bred for consumption, while other times it refers only to farmed ruminants, such as cattle and goats.", "Livestock __knowledge__ In recent years, some organizations have also raised livestock to promote the survival of rare breeds.", "Livestock __knowledge__ The breeding, maintenance, and slaughter of these animals, known as animal husbandry, is a component of modern agriculture that has been practiced in many cultures since humanity's transition to farming from hunter-gatherer lifestyles.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ A number of hypotheses exist on many of the key issues regarding the domestication of the horse.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ Although horses appeared in Paleolithic cave art as early as 30,000 BCE, these were wild horses and were probably hunted for meat.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ How and when horses became domesticated is disputed.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ The clearest evidence of early use of the horse as a means of transport is from chariot burials dated c. 2000 BCE.", "Domestication of the horse __knowledge__ However, an increasing amount of evidence supports the hypothesis that horses were domesticated in the Eurasian Steppes approximately 3500 BCE; recent discoveries in the context of the Botai culture suggest that Botai settlements in the Akmola Province of Kazakhstan are the location of the earliest domestication of the horse.", "Animal husbandry __knowledge__ Animal husbandry is the branch of agriculture concerned with animals that are raised for meat, fibre, milk, eggs, or other products.", "Animal husbandry __knowledge__ It includes day-to-day care, selective breeding and the raising of livestock.", "Animal husbandry __knowledge__ Husbandry has a long history, starting with the Neolithic revolution when animals were first domesticated, from around 13,000 BC onwards, antedating farming of the first crops.", "Animal husbandry __knowledge__ By the time of early civilisations such as ancient Egypt, cattle, sheep, goats and pigs were being raised on farms.", "Animal husbandry __knowledge__ Major changes took place in the Columbian Exchange when Old World livestock were brought to the New World, and then in the British Agricultural Revolution of the 18th century, when livestock breeds like the Dishley Longhorn cattle and Lincoln Longwool sheep were rapidly improved by agriculturalists such as Robert Bakewell to yield more meat, milk, and wool.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Domestication is a sustained multi-generational relationship in which one group of organisms assumes a significant degree of influence over the reproduction and care of another group to secure a more predictable supply of resources from that second group.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Charles Darwin recognized the small number of traits that made domestic species different from their wild ancestors.", "Domestication __knowledge__ He was also the first to recognize the difference between conscious selective breeding in which humans directly select for desirable traits, and unconscious selection where traits evolve as a by-product of natural selection or from selection on other traits.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ The domestication of animals is the mutual relationship between animals with the humans who have influence on their care and reproduction.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ Charles Darwin recognized the small number of traits that made domesticated species different from their wild ancestors.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ He was also the first to recognize the difference between conscious selective breeding in which humans directly select for desirable traits, and unconscious selection where traits evolve as a by-product of natural selection or from selection on other traits.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ There is a genetic difference between domestic and wild populations.", "Domestication of animals __knowledge__ There is also such a difference between the domestication traits that researchers believe to have been essential at the early stages of domestication, and the improvement traits that have appeared since the split between wild and domestic populations.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Dmitry Belyayev (zoologist) __knowledge__ Dmitry Konstantinovich Belyayev (Russian: Дмитрий Константинович Беляев, 17 July 1917 – 14 November 1985) was a Russian geneticist and academician who served as director of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics (IC&G) of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, from 1959 to 1985.", "Dmitry Belyayev (zoologist) __knowledge__ His decades-long effort to breed domesticated foxes was described by \"The New York Times\" as “arguably the most extraordinary breeding experiment ever conducted.” A 2010 article in Scientific American stated that Belyayev “may be the man most responsible for our understanding of the process by which wolves were domesticated into our canine companions.” Beginning in the 1950s, in order to uncover the genetic basis of the distinctive behavioral and physiological attributes of domesticated animals, Belyayev and his team spent decades breeding the wild silver fox (\"Vulpes vulpes\") and selecting for reproduction only those individuals in each generation that showed the least fear of humans." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Egyptians __knowledge__ Egyptians (  ; \"\"; ; \"Ni/rem/en/kīmi\") are an ethnic group native to Egypt and the citizens of that country sharing a common culture and a common dialect known as Egyptian Arabic.", "Egyptians __knowledge__ Egyptian identity is closely tied to geography.", "Egyptians __knowledge__ The population of Egypt is concentrated in the lower Nile Valley, the small strip of cultivable land stretching from the First Cataract to the Mediterranean and enclosed by desert both to the east and to the west.", "Egyptians __knowledge__ This unique geography has been the basis of the development of Egyptian society since antiquity.", "Egyptians __knowledge__ The daily language of the Egyptians is the local variety of Arabic, known as Egyptian Arabic or \"Masri.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in the place that is now the country Egypt.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ It is one of six historic civilizations to arise independently.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3100 BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology) with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under Menes (often identified with Narmer).", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ The history of ancient Egypt occurred as a series of stable kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age.", "Ancient Egyptian deities __knowledge__ Ancient Egyptian deities are the goddesses and gods worshipped in ancient Egypt.", "Ancient Egyptian deities __knowledge__ The beliefs and rituals surrounding these deities formed the core of ancient Egyptian religion, which emerged sometime in prehistory.", "Ancient Egyptian deities __knowledge__ Deities represented natural forces and phenomena, and the Egyptians supported and appeased them through offerings and rituals so that these forces would continue to function according to \"maat\", or divine order.", "Ancient Egyptian deities __knowledge__ After the founding of the Egyptian state around 3100 BC, the authority to perform these tasks was controlled by the pharaoh, who claimed to be the representative of the deities and managed the temples where the rituals were carried out.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Ancient Egyptian race controversy __knowledge__ The question of the race of ancient Egyptians was raised historically as a product of the early racial concepts of the 18th and 19th centuries, and was linked to models of racial hierarchy primarily based on craniometry, anthropometry and genetics.", "Ancient Egyptian race controversy __knowledge__ A variety of views circulated about the racial identity of the Egyptians and the source of their culture.", "Ancient Egyptian race controversy __knowledge__ These were typically identified in terms of a distinction between the Caucasoid and Negroid racial categories.", "Ancient Egyptian race controversy __knowledge__ Some scholars argued that ancient Egyptian culture was influenced by other Afroasiatic-speaking populations in Northeast Africa, the Maghreb, or the Middle East, while others pointed to influences from various Nubian groups or populations in Europe.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ Cheikh Anta Diop (29 December 1923 – 7 February 1986) was a historian, anthropologist, physicist, and politician who studied the human race's origins and pre-colonial African culture.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ Though Diop is sometimes referred to as an Afrocentrist, he predates the concept and thus was not himself an Afrocentric scholar.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ However, Diopian thought, as it is called, is paradigmatic to Afrocentricity.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ His work was greatly controversial and throughout his career, Diop argued that there was a shared cultural continuity across African peoples that was more important than the varied development of different ethnic groups shown by differences among languages and cultures over time.", "Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt ( ; ', , \"Kēmi\"), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.", "Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt is a Mediterranean country bordered by the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Gulf of Aqaba to the east, the Red Sea to the east and south, Sudan to the south, and Libya to the west.", "Egypt __knowledge__ Across the Gulf of Aqaba lies Jordan, and across from the Sinai Peninsula lies Saudi Arabia, although Jordan and Saudi Arabia do not share a land border with Egypt.", "Egypt __knowledge__ Egypt emerged as one of the world's first nation states in the tenth millennium BC.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Canidae __knowledge__ The biological family Canidae The cat-like feliforms and dog-like caniforms emerged within the Carnivoramorpha 43 million years before present.", "Canidae __knowledge__ The caniforms included the fox-like genus \"Leptocyon\" whose various species existed from 34 million years before present before branching 11.9 million YBP into Vulpini (foxes) and Canini (canines).", "Canidae __knowledge__ Canids are found on all continents except Antarctica, having arrived independently or accompanied human beings over extended periods of time.", "Canidae __knowledge__ Canids vary in size from the 2-m-long (6 ft 7 in) gray wolf to the 24-cm-long (9.4 in) fennec fox.", "Canidae __knowledge__ The body forms of canids are similar, typically having long muzzles, upright ears, teeth adapted for cracking bones and slicing flesh, long legs, and bushy tails.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Dog breeds are dogs that have relatively uniform physical characteristics developed under controlled conditions by humans, with breeding animals selected for phenotypic traits such as size, coat color, structure, and behavior.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale recognizes 337 pure dog breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ Other uses of the term breed when referring to dogs may include pure breeds, cross-breeds, mixed breeds and natural breeds.", "Dog breed __knowledge__ In 2017, a study showed that 9,000 years ago the domestic dog was present at what is now Zhokhov Island, arctic north-eastern Siberia, which was connected to the mainland at that time.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The earliest migrations and expansions of archaic and modern humans across continents began 2 million years ago with the migration out of Africa of \"Homo erectus\", followed by other archaic humans including \"H. heidelbergensis\", the likely ancestor of both anatomically modern humans and Neanderthals, around 500,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ Within Africa, \"Homo sapiens\" diverged around the time of its speciation, roughly 300,000 years ago.", "Early human migrations __knowledge__ The \"recent African origin\" paradigm suggests that the anatomically modern humans outside of Africa descend from a population of \"Homo sapiens\" migrating from East Africa after roughly 70,000 years ago and spread along the southern coast of Asia and to Oceania before 50,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Independent politician __knowledge__ An independent or nonpartisan politician is an individual politician not affiliated with any political party.", "Independent politician __knowledge__ There are numerous reasons why someone may stand for office as an independent.", "Independent politician __knowledge__ Some independent politicians may be associated with a political party, perhaps as former members of it, or else have views that align with it, but choose not to stand in its name, or are unable to do so because the party in question has selected another candidate.", "Independent politician __knowledge__ Others may belong to or support a political party at the national level but believe they should not formally represent it (and thus be subject to its policies) at another level.", "Independent Catholicism __knowledge__ Independent Catholicism is a movement comprising clergy and laity who self-identify as Catholic and who form \"micro-churches claiming apostolic succession and valid sacraments,\" despite a lack of affiliation with the main Catholic Church itself.", "Independent Catholicism __knowledge__ It is virtually impossible to determine the number of jurisdictions, communities, clergy and members who comprise Independent Catholicism, particularly since the movement \"is growing and changing in every moment.\"", "Independent Catholicism __knowledge__ Many choose Independent Catholicism as an alternative means to live and express their catholic faith outside the Catholic Church.", "Independent Catholicism __knowledge__ The structures, beliefs and practices of Independent Catholicism often closely align with those of other Catholic and Christian churches.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on 18 September 2014.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The referendum question, which voters answered with \"Yes\" or \"No\", was \"Should Scotland be an independent country?\"", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The \"No\" side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the United Kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage.", "Scottish independence referendum, 2014 __knowledge__ The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, setting out the arrangements for the referendum, was passed by the Scottish Parliament in November 2013, following an agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom government.", "Independent music __knowledge__ Independent music (often shortened to indie music or indie) is music produced independently from major commercial record labels or their subsidiaries, a process that may include an autonomous, do-it-yourself approach to recording and publishing.", "Independent music __knowledge__ The term \"indie\" is sometimes also used to describe a genre (such as indie rock and indie pop); as a genre term, \"indie\" may include music that is not independently produced, and most independent music artists do not fall into a single, defined musical style or genre, and usually create music that can be categorized into other genres.", "Independent music __knowledge__ Independent labels have a long history of promoting developments in popular music, stretching back to the post-war period in the United States, with labels such as Sun Records, King Records, and Stax.", "Independent film __knowledge__ An independent film, independent movie, indie film or indie movie is a feature film that is produced outside the major film studio system, in addition to being produced and distributed by independent entertainment companies.", "Independent film __knowledge__ Independent films are sometimes distinguishable by their content and style and the way in which the filmmakers' personal artistic vision is realized.", "Independent film __knowledge__ Usually, but not always, independent films are made with considerably lower budgets than major studio movies.", "Independent film __knowledge__ Generally, the marketing of independent films is characterized by limited release, but can also have major marketing campaigns and a wide release.", "The Independent __knowledge__ The Independent is a British online newspaper.", "The Independent __knowledge__ Established in 1986 as an independent national morning newspaper published in London, it was controlled by Tony O'Reilly's Independent News & Media from 1997 until it was sold to Russian oligarch Alexander Lebedev in 2010.", "The Independent __knowledge__ The last printed edition of \"The Independent\" was published Saturday 26 March 2016, leaving only its digital editions.", "The Independent __knowledge__ Nicknamed the \"Indy\", it began as a broadsheet, but changed to tabloid (compact) format in 2003.", "The Independent __knowledge__ Until September 2011, the paper described itself on the banner at the top of every newspaper as \"free from party political bias, free from proprietorial influence\".", "Independent school (United Kingdom) __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, independent schools (also private schools) are fee-paying private schools, governed by an elected board of governors and independent of many of the regulations and conditions that apply to state-funded schools.", "Independent school (United Kingdom) __knowledge__ For example, pupils do not have to follow the National Curriculum.", "Independent school (United Kingdom) __knowledge__ Many of the older, expensive and more exclusive schools catering for the 13–18 age-range in England and Wales are known as public schools as defined by the Public Schools Act 1868, the term \"public\" being derived from the fact that they were then open to pupils regardless of where they lived or their religion (while in many other countries a public school is run by the state or municipality).", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River in the place that is now the country Egypt.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ It is one of six historic civilizations to arise independently.", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Egyptian civilization followed prehistoric Egypt and coalesced around 3100 BC (according to conventional Egyptian chronology) with the political unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under Menes (often identified with Narmer).", "Ancient Egypt __knowledge__ The history of ancient Egypt occurred as a series of stable kingdoms, separated by periods of relative instability known as Intermediate Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze Age.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ Ancient history is the aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script, the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC.", "Ancient history __knowledge__ The term classical antiquity is often used to refer to history in the Old World from the beginning of recorded Greek history in 776 BC (First Olympiad).", "Ancient history __knowledge__ This roughly coincides with the traditional date of the founding of Rome in 753 BC, the beginning of the history of ancient Rome, and the beginning of the Archaic period in Ancient Greece.", "Women in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Women in ancient Egypt had some special rights other women did not had in other comparable societies.", "Women in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ They could own property and were legally at court, equal to men.", "Women in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ However, Ancient Egypt was a society dominated by men.", "Women in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Women could not have important positions in administration and were also excluded from ruling the country although there are some significant exceptions.", "Women in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Women at the royal court gained their position by the relationship to a male king.", "Women in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Most women belonged to the peasantry, and worked alongside their husbands doing agricultural work.", "Women in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Women were known to manage farms or businesses in the absence of their husbands or sons.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire.", "List of ancient great powers __knowledge__ In an ancient context, recognized great powers came about first in Europe during the post-Napoleonic era.", "List of ancient great powers __knowledge__ The formalization of the division between small powers and great powers came about with the signing of the Treaty of Chaumont in 1814.", "List of ancient great powers __knowledge__ A great power is a nation or state that, through its great economic, political and military strength, is able to exert power and influence over not only its own region of the world, but beyond to others.", "List of ancient great powers __knowledge__ The historical terms \"Great Nation\", a distinguished aggregate of people inhabiting a particular country or territory, and \"Great Empire\", a considerable group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, are colloquial; their use is seen in ordinary historical conversations (historical jargon).", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ Cheikh Anta Diop (29 December 1923 – 7 February 1986) was a historian, anthropologist, physicist, and politician who studied the human race's origins and pre-colonial African culture.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ Though Diop is sometimes referred to as an Afrocentrist, he predates the concept and thus was not himself an Afrocentric scholar.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ However, Diopian thought, as it is called, is paradigmatic to Afrocentricity.", "Cheikh Anta Diop __knowledge__ His work was greatly controversial and throughout his career, Diop argued that there was a shared cultural continuity across African peoples that was more important than the varied development of different ethnic groups shown by differences among languages and cultures over time.", "History of the world __knowledge__ The history of the world is the history of humanity (or human history), as determined from archaeology, anthropology, genetics, linguistics, and other disciplines; and, for periods since the invention of writing, from recorded history and from secondary sources and studies.", "History of the world __knowledge__ Humanity's written history was preceded by its prehistory, beginning with the Palaeolithic Era (\"Early Stone Age\"), followed by the Neolithic Era (\"New Stone Age\").", "History of the world __knowledge__ The Neolithic saw the Agricultural Revolution begin, between 8000 and 5000 BCE, in the Near East's Fertile Crescent.", "History of the world __knowledge__ The Agricultural Revolution marked a fundamental change in history, with humans beginning the systematic husbandry of plants and animals." ] ]

[ 3, 44, 15, 38 ]

[ "I don't have a dog, but I heard they were the first species to be domesticated", "Some have said that dog remains were buried next to humans 14,700 years ago", "I hear that Ancient Egypt is one of six historic civilizations that arose as an independent", "As an independent civilization" ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Mountaineering\nDo you like mountaineering?", "When is the last time you went mountaineering?", "Yes. I went the other day. It is a great workout.", "I prefer to be outside in the fresh air.", "Yes, I have gotten hurt mountaineering a few times." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges.", "Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade __knowledge__ The Fédération Française de la Montagne et de l’Escalade (FFME), located in Paris, is the French federation of mountain and climbing sports, especially of non-motorized alpine sports like mountaineering, canyoning, climbing, mountain touring and hiking, snowshoe hiking and ski mountaineering.", "Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade __knowledge__ The FFME is member of the national Olympic Committee CNOSF.", "Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade __knowledge__ The foundation of the FFME in 1987 was the result of the fusion of the \"Fédération Française de la Montagne\" (FFM), founded in 1942 by the high commissariat of sports () in addition to the existing Club Alpin Français (CAF), and the climbing association \"Fédération Française d’Escalade\" (FFE), which was founded in 1985.", "Joseph Conrad __knowledge__ Joseph Conrad (; born Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski; 3 December 1857 – 3 August 1924) was a Polish-British writer regarded as one of the greatest novelists to write in the English language.", "Joseph Conrad __knowledge__ He joined the British merchant marine in 1878, and was granted British citizenship in 1886.", "Joseph Conrad __knowledge__ Though he did not speak English fluently until his twenties, he was a master prose stylist who brought a non-English sensibility into English literature.", "Joseph Conrad __knowledge__ He wrote stories and novels, many with a nautical setting, that depict trials of the human spirit in the midst of an impassive, inscrutable universe.", "Joseph Conrad __knowledge__ Conrad is considered an early modernist, though his works still contain elements of 19th-century realism.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ Mount Everest, known in Nepali as Sagarmāthā and in Tibetan as Chomolungma, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The international border between China (Tibet Autonomous Region) and Nepal runs across its summit point.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The current official height of , recognised by China and Nepal, was established by a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed by a Chinese survey in 1975.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ In 2005, China remeasured the rock height of the mountain, with a result of 8844.43 m. There followed an argument between China and Nepal as to whether the official height should be the rock height (8,844 m., China) or the snow height (8,848 m., Nepal).", "Lorelei Travis __knowledge__ Lorelei Travis is a fictional character, a mutant in the Marvel Comics Universe.", "Lorelei Travis __knowledge__ Her first appearance was in \"District X\" #1 (May, 2004).", "Lorelei Travis __knowledge__ Lorelei Travis is the name of a young girl who has \"living\" hair.", "Lorelei Travis __knowledge__ Lorelei is an exotic dancer at the mob leader Daniel Kaufman's Wildkat Klub in Mutant Town located in New York City.", "Lorelei Travis __knowledge__ Lorelei had managed to become one of the Wildkat Klub's household names through the artistic use of her genetic mutation.", "Lorelei Travis __knowledge__ During a recent investigation into Kaufman's businesses by Lucas Bishop and Ismael Ortega, Lorelei survived a bombing of the Wildkat Klub perpetrated by Kaufman's enemies, sustaining minor injuries.", "British Rail Class 42 __knowledge__ British Railways' (BR) Type 4 \"Warship\" class diesel-hydraulic locomotives were introduced in 1958.", "British Rail Class 42 __knowledge__ It was apparent at that time that the largest centre of expertise on diesel-hydraulic locomotives was in West Germany.", "British Rail Class 42 __knowledge__ The Western Region of British Railways negotiated a licence with German manufacturers to scale down the German Federal Railway's \"V200\" design to suit the smaller loading gauge of the British network, and to allow British manufacturers to construct the new locomotives.", "British Rail Class 42 __knowledge__ The resultant design bears a close resemblance, both cosmetically, and in the engineering employed, to the original V200 design.", "Wandervogel __knowledge__ Wandervogel is the name adopted by a popular movement of German youth groups from 1896 onward.", "Wandervogel __knowledge__ The name can be translated as rambling, hiking, or wandering bird (differing in meaning from \"Zugvogel\" or migratory bird) and the ethos is to shake off the restrictions of society and get back to nature and freedom.", "Wandervogel __knowledge__ Soon the groups split and there originated ever more organisations, which still all called themselves \"Wandervogel\", but were organisationally independent.", "Wandervogel __knowledge__ Nonetheless the feeling was still of being a common movement, but split into several branches.", "Wandervogel __knowledge__ The Wandervogel movement was officially established on 4 November 1901 by Karl Fischer, a former pupil of Herman Hoffmann Fölkersamb, who had formed a study circle at the boys' Berlin-Steglitz grammar school where he was teaching in 1895." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges.", "Aleister Crowley __knowledge__ Aleister Crowley (; born Edward Alexander Crowley; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947) was an English occultist, ceremonial magician, poet, painter, novelist, and mountaineer.", "Aleister Crowley __knowledge__ He founded the religion of Thelema, identifying himself as the prophet entrusted with guiding humanity into the Æon of Horus in the early 20th century.", "Aleister Crowley __knowledge__ A prolific writer, he published widely over the course of his life.", "Aleister Crowley __knowledge__ Born to a wealthy Plymouth Brethren family in Royal Leamington Spa, Warwickshire, Crowley rejected the fundamentalist Christian faith to pursue an interest in Western esotericism.", "Aleister Crowley __knowledge__ He was educated at the University of Cambridge, where he focused his attentions on mountaineering and poetry, resulting in several publications.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ Mount Everest, known in Nepali as Sagarmāthā and in Tibetan as Chomolungma, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The international border between China (Tibet Autonomous Region) and Nepal runs across its summit point.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The current official height of , recognised by China and Nepal, was established by a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed by a Chinese survey in 1975.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ In 2005, China remeasured the rock height of the mountain, with a result of 8844.43 m. There followed an argument between China and Nepal as to whether the official height should be the rock height (8,844 m., China) or the snow height (8,848 m., Nepal).", "Alpine Club of Canada __knowledge__ The Alpine Club of Canada (ACC) is an amateur athletic association with its national office in Canmore, Alberta that has been a focal point for Canadian mountaineering since its founding in 1906.", "Alpine Club of Canada __knowledge__ The club was co-founded by Arthur Oliver Wheeler, who served as its first president, and Elizabeth Parker, a journalist for the \"Manitoba Free Press\".", "Alpine Club of Canada __knowledge__ Byron Harmon, whose 6500+ photographs of the Canadian Rockies in the early 20th century provide the best glimpse of the area at that time, was official photographer to the club at its founding.", "Alpine Club of Canada __knowledge__ The club is the leading organization in Canada devoted to climbing, mountain culture, and issues related to alpine pursuits and ecology.", "Cairngorm Plateau Disaster __knowledge__ The Cairngorm Plateau Disaster occurred in November 1971 when six fifteen-year-old Edinburgh school students and their two leaders were on a navigational expedition in a remote area of the Scottish mountains.", "Cairngorm Plateau Disaster __knowledge__ When the weather deteriorated they adopted their emergency plan and headed for the Curran shelter, but they failed to reach it and became stranded for two nights on the high plateau in a blizzard.", "Cairngorm Plateau Disaster __knowledge__ Five children and the leader's assistant died of exposure.", "Cairngorm Plateau Disaster __knowledge__ A sixth student and the group's leader survived the ordeal with severe hypothermia and frostbite.", "Cairngorm Plateau Disaster __knowledge__ The tragedy, also often called the Feith Buidhe Disaster, is regarded as Britain's worst mountaineering accident.", "Richard K. Guy __knowledge__ Richard Kenneth Guy (born 30 September 1916) is a British mathematician, professor emeritus in the Department of Mathematics at the University of Calgary.", "Richard K. Guy __knowledge__ He is known for his work in number theory, geometry, recreational mathematics, combinatorics, and graph theory.", "Richard K. Guy __knowledge__ He is best known for co-authorship (with John Conway and Elwyn Berlekamp) of \"Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays\" and authorship of \"Unsolved Problems in Number Theory\".", "Richard K. Guy __knowledge__ He has also published over 300 papers.", "Richard K. Guy __knowledge__ Guy proposed the partially tongue-in-cheek \"Strong Law of Small Numbers,\" which says there are not enough small integers available for the many tasks assigned to them – thus explaining many coincidences and patterns found among numerous cultures.", "Fanny Bullock Workman __knowledge__ Fanny Bullock Workman (; January 8, 1859 – January 22, 1925) was an American geographer, cartographer, explorer, travel writer, and mountaineer, notably in the Himalayas.", "Fanny Bullock Workman __knowledge__ She was one of the first female professional mountaineers; she not only explored but also wrote about her adventures.", "Fanny Bullock Workman __knowledge__ She set several women's altitude records, published eight travel books with her husband, and championed women's rights and women's suffrage.", "Fanny Bullock Workman __knowledge__ Born to a wealthy family, Workman was educated in the finest schools available to women and traveled in Europe.", "Fanny Bullock Workman __knowledge__ Her marriage to William Hunter Workman cemented these advantages, and, after being introduced to climbing in New Hampshire, Fanny Workman traveled the world with him.", "Grade (climbing) __knowledge__ In rock climbing, mountaineering, and other climbing disciplines, climbers give a grade to a climbing route or boulder problem, intended to describe concisely the difficulty and danger of climbing it.", "Grade (climbing) __knowledge__ Different types of climbing (such as sport climbing, bouldering or ice climbing) each have their own grading systems, and many nationalities developed their own, distinctive grading systems.", "Grade (climbing) __knowledge__ There are a number of factors that contribute to the difficulty of a climb, including the technical difficulty of the moves, the strength, stamina and level of commitment required, and the difficulty of protecting the climber.", "Scrambling __knowledge__ Scrambling (also known as alpine scrambling) is \"a walk up steep terrain involving the use of one's hands\".", "Scrambling __knowledge__ It is an ambiguous term that lies somewhere between hiking, hillwalking, mountaineering, and rock climbing.", "Scrambling __knowledge__ Canyoning often involves scrambling.", "Scrambling __knowledge__ Alpine scrambling is scrambling in high mountains like the Alps and the Rockies of North America, and may not follow a defined or waymarked path.", "Scrambling __knowledge__ \"The Mountaineers\" climbing organization defines alpine scrambling as follows: Alpine Scrambles are off-trail trips, often on snow or rock, with a 'non-technical' summit as a destination.", "Scrambling __knowledge__ A non-technical summit is one that is reached without the need for certain types of climbing equipment (body harness, rope, protection hardware, etc), and not involving travel on extremely steep slopes or on glaciers.", "Mont Blanc massif __knowledge__ The Mont Blanc massif (; ) is a mountain range in the Alps, located mostly in France and Italy, but also straddling Switzerland at its northeastern end.", "Mont Blanc massif __knowledge__ It contains eleven major independent summits, each over in height.", "Mont Blanc massif __knowledge__ It is named after Mont Blanc (), the highest point in western Europe and the European Union.", "Mont Blanc massif __knowledge__ Because of its considerable overall altitude, a large proportion of the massif is covered by glaciers, which include the Mer de Glace and the Miage Glacierthe longest glaciers in France and Italy, respectively.", "Mont Blanc massif __knowledge__ Not only does the massif form a watershed between the vast catchments of the Rhône and Po rivers, as well as a tripoint between France, Italy and Switzerland, it also marks the border between two climate regions by separating the northern and western Alps from the southern Alps.", "Frank Showell Styles __knowledge__ Frank Showell Styles (14 March 1908 – 19 February 2005) was an English writer and mountaineer.", "Frank Showell Styles __knowledge__ Showell Styles was born in Four Oaks, Birmingham and educated at Bishop Vesey's Grammar School in nearby Sutton Coldfield.", "Frank Showell Styles __knowledge__ His father Alfred Thomas Styles was also born in Four Oaks, in 1882.", "Frank Showell Styles __knowledge__ Known to his friends as 'Pip', Showell Styles' childhood was spent in the hills of North Wales where he became an avid mountaineer and explorer.", "Frank Showell Styles __knowledge__ During the Second World War, Styles joined the Royal Navy and was posted in the Mediterranean, but even there he walked and climbed as much as he could.", "Frank Showell Styles __knowledge__ An aspiring writer, Styles already had articles published in \"Punch\", before setting out to make his living as an author.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Rock climbing is an activity in which participants climb up, down or across natural rock formations or artificial rock walls.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ The goal is to reach the summit of a formation or the endpoint of a usually pre-defined route without falling.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Due to the length and extended endurance required and because accidents are more likely to happen on the descent than the ascent, rock climbers do not usually climb back down the route.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ It is very rare for a climber to downclimb, especially on the larger multiple pitches (class III- IV and /or multi-day grades IV-VI climbs).", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Professional rock climbing competitions have the objectives of either completing the route in the quickest possible time or attaining the farthest point on an increasingly difficult route." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ FIT Radio is an American Internet radio provider based in Atlanta and a mobile app that plays continuous music mixes of various genres engineered by DJs.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ The streaming media content is delivered to users' computers and smartphones.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ The app is geared towards people who want to listen to high-energy music while they work out.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ Musical genres include Top 40, hip hop, indie rock, dubstep, and house.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ Through the interface, users can see what artists and songs make up each mix, and they can also bypass songs and mixes entirely.", "FIT Radio __knowledge__ The app was officially launched on June 4, 2011, and is comparable to other Internet providers Pandora and Spotify, though FIT Radio is geared towards a target demographic of people who work out and fitness enthusiasts.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Street workout __knowledge__ Street workout is a physical activity performed mostly in outdoor parks or public facilities.", "Street workout __knowledge__ It originated in Ancient Greece, but became a popular movement in Russia, Eastern Europe, and the United States, especially in New York City, Baltimore's urban neighborhoods and Myanmar.", "Street workout __knowledge__ It has now spread all over the world.", "Street workout __knowledge__ It is a combination of athletics, calisthenics, and sports.", "Street workout __knowledge__ Street workout is a modern name for bodyweight workouts in outdoor parks.", "Street workout __knowledge__ Street workout teams and organized competitions exist.", "Street workout __knowledge__ A typical street workout routine often consists of physical exercises such as pull-ups, chin-ups, push-ups, dips, muscle-ups, sit-ups and squats.", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Battle of the Ages is the twelfth season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to John Rhode, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ It premiered on September 20, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainer Bob Harper, two new trainers (Anna Kournikova and Dolvett Quince.)", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ joined this season.", "The Biggest Loser (season 12) __knowledge__ The 15 contestants this season were divided into three groups of five by their ages: those who are 30 and under were initially trained by Quince, those who are between 31–49 were initially trained by Harper, and those who are 50 and over were initially trained by Kournikova.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Second Chances is the eighth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Danny Cahill, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight lost.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ This season premiered on NBC on Tuesday, September 15, 2009.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ The season's theme meant that each of the candidates had met with heartbreak and tragedy during their lifetime.", "The Biggest Loser (season 8) __knowledge__ Among notable stories, Shay Sorrells grew up in foster care while her mother unsuccessfully struggled with heroin addiction, while Abby Rike lost her husband and children in a head-on collision caused by a speeding driver.", "Nike+ __knowledge__ The Nike+iPod Sports Kit is an activity tracker device, developed by Nike, Inc., which measures and records the distance and pace of a walk or run.", "Nike+ __knowledge__ The Nike+iPod consists of a small transmitter device attached to or embedded in a shoe, which communicates with either the Nike+ Sportband, a receiver plugged into an iPod Nano, or directly with a 2nd Generation iPod Touch (or higher), iPhone 3GS, iPhone 4, iPhone 4S, iPhone 5, iPhone 5C, iPhone 5S, or a Nike+ Sportwatch.", "Nike+ __knowledge__ If using the iPod or the iPhone, iTunes software can be used to view the walk or run history.", "Nike+ __knowledge__ The Nike+iPod was announced on May 23, 2006 and is a pioneer in connected sport.", "Grade (climbing) __knowledge__ In rock climbing, mountaineering, and other climbing disciplines, climbers give a grade to a climbing route or boulder problem, intended to describe concisely the difficulty and danger of climbing it.", "Grade (climbing) __knowledge__ Different types of climbing (such as sport climbing, bouldering or ice climbing) each have their own grading systems, and many nationalities developed their own, distinctive grading systems.", "Grade (climbing) __knowledge__ There are a number of factors that contribute to the difficulty of a climb, including the technical difficulty of the moves, the strength, stamina and level of commitment required, and the difficulty of protecting the climber.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ Mount Everest, known in Nepali as Sagarmāthā and in Tibetan as Chomolungma, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The international border between China (Tibet Autonomous Region) and Nepal runs across its summit point.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The current official height of , recognised by China and Nepal, was established by a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed by a Chinese survey in 1975.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ In 2005, China remeasured the rock height of the mountain, with a result of 8844.43 m. There followed an argument between China and Nepal as to whether the official height should be the rock height (8,844 m., China) or the snow height (8,848 m., Nepal).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence () is a transitional stage of physical and psychological development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to legal adulthood (age of majority).", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier and end later.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ For example, puberty now typically begins during preadolescence, particularly in females.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Physical growth (particularly in males), and cognitive development can extend into the early twenties.", "Adolescence __knowledge__ Thus age provides only a rough marker of adolescence, and scholars have found it difficult to agree upon a precise definition of adolescence.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ South African labour law regulates the relationship between employers, employees and trade unions in the Republic of South Africa.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ The Native Labour Regulations Act 1911 prohibited strikes by trade unions, introduced wage ceilings and a pass system for moving around jobs.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Over 70,000 Chinese labourers were brought in, and used by landowners to undercut the wages of other workers.", "South African labour law __knowledge__ Among white workers, there was significant unrest, and major strikes took place in 1907, 1913, 1914 and 1922 For a period of sixteen years, from 1979 to 1995, several critical developments occurred in the field of labour law in South Africa, beginning with a radical change in the first of these years, when a significant Commission of Enquiry was held, resulting in the establishment of an Industrial Court, which was given extensive powers to mould, change, shape and develop the law.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges.", "FreshAir.org.uk __knowledge__ Fresh Air is an alternative music student radio station serving Edinburgh, Scotland.", "FreshAir.org.uk __knowledge__ Launched on 3 October 1992, Fresh Air is one of the oldest surviving student radio stations in the UK.", "FreshAir.org.uk __knowledge__ The station won the \"Student Radio Station of the Year\" award at the Student Radio Association awards in 2004 & was Scottish Station of the year 2011 (Scottish New Music Awards).", "FreshAir.org.uk __knowledge__ Fresh Air is a registered student society with Edinburgh University Students' Association, but remains an independent body entirely funded by sponsorship and membership subs.", "FreshAir.org.uk __knowledge__ It broadcasts at FreshAir.org.uk.", "FreshAir.org.uk __knowledge__ , the station manager is Danielle Hall.", "The Fresh Air Fund __knowledge__ The Fresh Air Fund is a not-for-profit agency that provides free summer vacations in the country to New York City children from low-income communities.", "The Fresh Air Fund __knowledge__ Each year, thousands of children visit volunteer host families in 13 states from Virginia to Maine and Canada through the Friendly Town Program or attend one of five Fresh Air Fund summer camps.", "The Fresh Air Fund __knowledge__ The Fresh Air Fund has helped more than 1.8 million children since 1877.", "The Fresh Air Fund __knowledge__ In 1877, The Fresh Air Fund was created to allow children living in disadvantaged communities to get away from hot, noisy city streets and enjoy free summer experiences in the country.", "HVAC __knowledge__ Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort.", "HVAC __knowledge__ Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality.", "HVAC __knowledge__ HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer.", "HVAC __knowledge__ Refrigeration is sometimes added to the field's abbreviation as HVAC&R or HVACR, or ventilating is dropped, as in HACR (as in the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers).", "HVAC __knowledge__ HVAC is an important part of residential structures such as single family homes, apartment buildings, hotels and senior living facilities, medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and hospitals, on ships and submarines, and in marine environments, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors.", "Air-mixing plenum __knowledge__ In building services engineering and HVAC, an air-mixing plenum (or mixing box) is used for mixing air from different ductwork systems.", "Air-mixing plenum __knowledge__ The most common application for an air-mixing plenum is the mixing of \"return air\" (or \"extract air\") with fresh air to provide a supply air mixture for onward distribution to the building or area which the ventilation system is serving.", "Air-mixing plenum __knowledge__ The air transferred from the return air stream to the supply air stream is termed \"recirculated air\".", "Air-mixing plenum __knowledge__ All air not mixed is rejected to the atmosphere as \"exhaust air\".", "Air-mixing plenum __knowledge__ Air streams are mixed to save energy and improve energy efficiency.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ Fresh Air is an American radio talk show broadcast on National Public Radio stations across the United States since 1985.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ It is produced by WHYY-FM in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ The show's host is Terry Gross.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ , the show was syndicated to 624 stations and claimed nearly 5 million listeners.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ The show is fed live weekdays at 12:00 noon ET.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ In addition, some stations carry \"Fresh Air Weekend\", a re-programming of highlights of the week's interviews.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ In 2016, \"Fresh Air\" was the most-downloaded podcast on iTunes.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ The show began in 1975 at WHYY, with Judy Blank as host.", "Fresh Air __knowledge__ In September of that year, Terry Gross took over as presenter and producer; over 40 years later she remains its chief presenter.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ The anatomy and physiology that make this happen varies greatly, depending on the size of the organism, the environment in which it lives and its evolutionary history.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ In land animals the respiratory surface is internalized as linings of the lungs.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ Gas exchange in the lungs occurs in millions of small air sacs called alveoli in mammals and reptiles, but atria in birds.", "Respiratory system __knowledge__ These microscopic air sacs have a very rich blood supply, thus bringing the air into close contact with the blood.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 2017, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ All characters are introduced by the show's executive producer Sean O'Connor or, from 27 November, his successor as executive consultant, John Yorke.", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ The first character to be introduced was Keegan Baker (Zack Morris), a friend of Shakil Kazemi (Shaheen Jafargholi), followed by Emerald Fox (Doña Croll), the mother of Denise Fox (Diane Parish) and Kim Fox-Hubbard (Tameka Empson).", "List of EastEnders characters (2017) __knowledge__ Madison Drake (Seraphina Beh), Alexandra D'Costa (Sydney Craven) and Travis Law-Hughes (Alex James-Phelps), three new teenage characters, were also introduced in January as well as their school teacher Mr Gethin Pryce (Cerith Flinn) and Hugo Browning (Simon Williams), the chairman of Weyland & Co.", "Climbing wall __knowledge__ A climbing wall is an artificially constructed wall with grips for hands and feet, usually used for indoor climbing, but sometimes located outdoors.", "Climbing wall __knowledge__ Some are brick or wooden constructions, but on most modern walls, the material most often used is a thick multiplex board with holes drilled into it.", "Climbing wall __knowledge__ Recently, manufactured steel and aluminum have also been used.", "Climbing wall __knowledge__ The wall may have places to attach belay ropes, but may also be used to practise lead climbing or bouldering.", "Climbing wall __knowledge__ Each hole contains a specially formed t-nut to allow modular climbing holds to be screwed onto the wall.", "Climbing wall __knowledge__ With manufactured steel or aluminum walls, an engineered industrial fastener is used to secure climbing holds.", "Sport climbing __knowledge__ Sport climbing is a form of rock climbing that relies on permanent anchors fixed to the rock for protection.", "Sport climbing __knowledge__ This is in contrast to traditional climbing where climbers must place removable protection as they climb.", "Sport climbing __knowledge__ Sport climbing emphasises strength, endurance, gymnastic ability and technique, over adventure, risk and self-sufficiency.", "Sport climbing __knowledge__ For the majority of sport climbers, sport climbing offers an easier, more convenient experience which requires less equipment, less in the way of technical skills required to be safe during the climb, and lower levels of mental stress than traditional climbing.", "Sport climbing __knowledge__ With increased accessibility to climbing walls, and gyms, more climbers now enter the sport through indoor climbing than outdoor climbing.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Rock climbing is an activity in which participants climb up, down or across natural rock formations or artificial rock walls.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ The goal is to reach the summit of a formation or the endpoint of a usually pre-defined route without falling.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Due to the length and extended endurance required and because accidents are more likely to happen on the descent than the ascent, rock climbers do not usually climb back down the route.", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ It is very rare for a climber to downclimb, especially on the larger multiple pitches (class III- IV and /or multi-day grades IV-VI climbs).", "Rock climbing __knowledge__ Professional rock climbing competitions have the objectives of either completing the route in the quickest possible time or attaining the farthest point on an increasingly difficult route.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ Mount Everest, known in Nepali as Sagarmāthā and in Tibetan as Chomolungma, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The international border between China (Tibet Autonomous Region) and Nepal runs across its summit point.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The current official height of , recognised by China and Nepal, was established by a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed by a Chinese survey in 1975.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ In 2005, China remeasured the rock height of the mountain, with a result of 8844.43 m. There followed an argument between China and Nepal as to whether the official height should be the rock height (8,844 m., China) or the snow height (8,848 m., Nepal).", "Lynn Hill __knowledge__ Carolynn Marie \"Lynn\" Hill (born January 3, 1961) is a U.S. rock climber.", "Lynn Hill __knowledge__ Widely regarded as one of the leading competitive sport climbers in the world during the late 1980s and early 1990s, she is famous for making the first free ascent of the difficult sheer rock face of \"The Nose\" on El Capitan in Yosemite Valley, and for repeating it the next year in less than 24 hours.", "Lynn Hill __knowledge__ She has been described as both one of the best female climbers in the world and one of the best climbers of all time.", "Lynn Hill __knowledge__ One of the first successful women in the sport, Hill shaped rock climbing for women and became a public spokesperson, helping it gain wider popularity and arguing for sex equality.", "Index of climbing topics __knowledge__ Abseil - Acetazolamide - \"Action Directe\" - Altitude sickness (also known as: \"Acute mountain sickness\" (AMS)) - Aid climbing - Aider - Alcove (climbing) - knot - Apron - Alpine hut - Alpine style - Anchor (climbing) - Angle (climbing) - Arête - Ascension (climbing) - Australian rappel - Avalanche Ball-nuts - Base camp - Bat hook - Belay - Belay device - Belay slave - Belay station - Big wall climb - Birdbeak - Bivouac or Bivi - Black ice - Blue ice - Boreal - Boulder - Bouldering - Bowline - Bowyangs - Buildering - Butterfly knot California Mountaineering Group - Cam - Campus (see campus board) - Campus board - Carabiner or Biner - Chimney - Chimneying - Chipped hold - Chipping - Choss - Chute - Cirque - Clean climbing - Cliff - Cliffhanger (climbing) - Climbing area - Climbing command - Climbing equipment - Climbing gym - Climbing harness - Climbing injuries - Climbing route - Climbing shoe - Climbing technique - Climbing wall - Clothing (climbing) - Clove hitch - Col - Couloir - Copperhead (climbing) - Cord - Corner (climbing) - Cornice - Crack climbing - Crag - Crampons - Crevasse - Crimp (climbing) Daisy chain - Deaf climbers - Deepelling - Deep-water soloing - Diamox - Dihedral - Dry-tooling - Dynamic rope - Dyno (climbing) Edging - Enchainment - Epic - Etriers - European Death Knot - Exposure - Eight-thousander Face climbing - Fifi hook - Figure-eight knot - Figure-of-eight loop - Fisherman's knot - Fist jam - Fixed rope - Flared - Flash (rock climbing) - Flute (climbing) - \"The Fly\" - Free climbing - Free soloing - Friend (climbing) - Front pointing Gaiters - Gamow bag - Gaston - Gendarme - Glissade - Glossary of climbing terms - Grade (climbing) - Grade (bouldering) - Grip - Guide - Gumby Harness - Heinous - Helmet - Himalayan Mountaineering Institute - Himalayan Trust - Hypothermia - Hypoxia Ice axe - Icefall - Incut - Indoor climbing Jam Crack - Jamming - Jug hold or Jug - Jumar Knifeblade - Knot Layback or Lieback - Lead climbing - Lead climbing injuries - Ledge - Limestone - Lost Arrow \"The Mandala\" - Mantle - Massif - Match - Metolius - Mixed climbing - Moraine - Mountain hut - Mountain rescue - Mountaineering - Mountaineering equipment - Multi-pitch climbing - Munter hitch Nailing a route - Nut Off-width - Open book - On-sight climbing - On-sight flash climbing - Overhand bend - Overhand knot - Overhang Pendulum - Pitch (vertical space) - Piton - Pocket - Portaledge - Protection (climbing) - Prusik - Pumped Quickdraw RP (climbing) - Rappel or Rap, Rapping, Roping down - \"Realization\" - Redpoint - Recreational Tree climbing - Retro-bolting - Rivet - Rock climbing - Rock Hopping - Roof (climbing) - Rope - Rotten rock - Route climbing Sandbag - Sardar - Scrambling - Screamer (climbing) - Scumming or Scuzzing - Second - Securing a climb - Self-arrest - Self-belay - Self-locking device - Self-rescue - Sherpa (people), see Sherpa (disambiguation) - Siege - Sierra Club - Ski mountaineering - Slab climbing - Sling - Smearing - Snow cave - Solo climbing - Spindrift - Sport climbing - Spring-loaded camming device (SLCD) - Spur - Static rope or line - Stopper Talus - Top rope climbing - Top rope - Topo - Toucan (climbing) - Traditional climbing - Traverse (climbing) UIAA Webbing - White ice - Windslab - Wired Yosemite Decimal System" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While mountaineering began as attempts to reach the highest point of unclimbed big mountains it has branched into specializations that address different aspects of the mountain and consists of three (3) areas: rock-craft, snow-craft, and skiing, depending on whether the route chosen is over rock, snow or ice.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ All require experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge to maintain safety.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Mountaineering is often called Alpinism, especially in European languages, which implies climbing routes with minimal equipment in high and often snow and ice-covered mountains such as the Alps, where technical difficulties frequently exceed environmental and physical challenges.", "Unforgiven (2008) __knowledge__ Unforgiven (2008) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which took place on September 7, 2008, at the Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio.", "Unforgiven (2008) __knowledge__ It was the eleventh and final annual Unforgiven event, starring wrestlers from the Raw, SmackDown, and ECW brands.", "Unforgiven (2008) __knowledge__ Seven professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event's card, which featured a supercard, a scheduling of more than one main event.", "Unforgiven (2008) __knowledge__ The three brands, Raw, SmackDown, and ECW, were all represented by their respective Championship Scramble match – a 20 minute time limit bout, during which participants can become the temporary champion via pinfall or submission.", "Childhood gender nonconformity __knowledge__ Childhood gender nonconformity (CGN) is a phenomenon in which prepubescent children do not conform to expected gender-related sociological or psychological patterns, or identify with the opposite sex/gender.", "Childhood gender nonconformity __knowledge__ Typical behavior among those who exhibit the phenomenon includes but is not limited to a propensity to cross-dress, refusal to take part in activities conventionally thought suitable for the gender and the exclusive choice of play-mates of the opposite sex.", "Childhood gender nonconformity __knowledge__ Multiple studies have correlated childhood gender nonconformity with eventual homosexuality; in these studies, a majority of those who identify as gay or lesbian self-report being gender nonconforming as children.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ Mount Everest, known in Nepali as Sagarmāthā and in Tibetan as Chomolungma, is Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The international border between China (Tibet Autonomous Region) and Nepal runs across its summit point.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ The current official height of , recognised by China and Nepal, was established by a 1955 Indian survey and subsequently confirmed by a Chinese survey in 1975.", "Mount Everest __knowledge__ In 2005, China remeasured the rock height of the mountain, with a result of 8844.43 m. There followed an argument between China and Nepal as to whether the official height should be the rock height (8,844 m., China) or the snow height (8,848 m., Nepal).", "Alpine Club of Canada __knowledge__ The Alpine Club of Canada (ACC) is an amateur athletic association with its national office in Canmore, Alberta that has been a focal point for Canadian mountaineering since its founding in 1906.", "Alpine Club of Canada __knowledge__ The club was co-founded by Arthur Oliver Wheeler, who served as its first president, and Elizabeth Parker, a journalist for the \"Manitoba Free Press\".", "Alpine Club of Canada __knowledge__ Byron Harmon, whose 6500+ photographs of the Canadian Rockies in the early 20th century provide the best glimpse of the area at that time, was official photographer to the club at its founding.", "Alpine Club of Canada __knowledge__ The club is the leading organization in Canada devoted to climbing, mountain culture, and issues related to alpine pursuits and ecology.", "Emelie Forsberg __knowledge__ Emelie Tina Forsberg (born December 11, 1986) is a Swedish athlete specialized in Trail running (Skyrunning, Mountain running) and Ski mountaineering.", "Emelie Forsberg __knowledge__ She has won repeated victories in different disciplines, including European and World Championships.", "Emelie Forsberg __knowledge__ Said of Forsberg: \"Known for her incredible strength, endurance and break neck downhill running, she has also become an inspiration to men and ladies all over the world by her infectious passion and love of life which she daily shares via social media.", "Emelie Forsberg __knowledge__ No matter how hard the race, no matter how tough the conditions are, no matter how bad she is feeling, Emelie is guaranteed to provide a smile.\"", "Robert F. Kennedy's remarks at the University of Kansas __knowledge__ Robert F. Kennedy's remarks at the University of Kansas were given on March 18, 1968.", "Robert F. Kennedy's remarks at the University of Kansas __knowledge__ He spoke about student protests, the Vietnam War, and the gross national product.", "Robert F. Kennedy's remarks at the University of Kansas __knowledge__ At the time, Kennedy's words on the latter subject went relatively unnoticed, but they have since become famous.", "Robert F. Kennedy's remarks at the University of Kansas __knowledge__ Kennedy had given his first campaign speech earlier that morning at Kansas State University before flying into Lawrence Municipal Airport to give his speech at the University of Kansas.", "Robert F. Kennedy's remarks at the University of Kansas __knowledge__ Classes were cancelled in advance of Kennedy's appearance.", "Robert F. Kennedy's remarks at the University of Kansas __knowledge__ The speech was delivered at 1:30 PM in Phog Allen Fieldhouse before 20,000 people.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Phronesis __knowledge__ Phronesis (, \"phronēsis\") is a Greek word for a type of wisdom or intelligence.", "Phronesis __knowledge__ It is more specifically a type of wisdom relevant to practical things, requiring an ability to discern how or why to act virtuously and encourage practical virtue, excellence of character, in others.", "Phronesis __knowledge__ Phronesis was a common topic of discussion in ancient Greek philosophy.", "Phronesis __knowledge__ The word was used in Greek philosophy, and such discussions are still influential today.", "Phronesis __knowledge__ In Aristotelian ethics, for example in the \"Nicomachean Ethics\", it is distinguished from other words for wisdom and intellectual virtues – such as episteme and techne.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "United States Agency for International Development __knowledge__ The United States Agency for International Development (USAID) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that is primarily responsible for administering civilian foreign aid and development assistance.", "United States Agency for International Development __knowledge__ With a budget of over $27 billion, USAID is one of the largest official aid agencies in the world, and accounts for more than half of all U.S. foreign assistance (which in absolute dollar terms is the highest in the world).", "United States Agency for International Development __knowledge__ Congress passed the Foreign Assistance Act on September 4, 1961, which reorganized U.S. foreign assistance programs and mandated the creation of an agency to administer economic aid." ] ]

[ 4, 38, 2, 6, 7 ]

[ "I wouldn't say I am an avid mountaineer. However, hiking in the mountains and scrambling up short rock walls can be thought of as a simple form of mountaineering, so I enjoy that.", "It's been a while. I'm quite out of shape, which makes things difficult as there are a number of factors that you have to consider when mountaineering including difficulty, strength and stamina.", "It really is. And you don't necessarily have to be outside to do it. A lot of people consider indoor climbing to be a part of mountaineering.", "Yes, but regardless any kind of mountaineering requires experience, athletic ability, and technical knowledge since it can be dangerous.", "That doesn't sound very fun. For that reason, mountaineering is often called Alpinism, since the environment can be very difficult, similar to the Alps." ]

[ "Mountaineering", "Mountaineering", "Mountaineering", "Mountaineering", "Mountaineering" ]

[ "South Park", "I have only watched South Park a few times. Can you tell me more about it?", "It seems like show has been around forever. When when it first air?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring characters in the animated television series South Park.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ This does not include the school children, family members or the school staff.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ \"Al Gore\" (voiced by Trey Parker in the \"ManBearPig\" episode and Matt Stone in \"The Red Badge of Gayness\" episode) is the former Vice President of the United States and also tries to alert the children of South Park of a mystical creature named \"ManBearPig\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ He constantly says \"I'm super cereal!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ and \"excelsior!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ during certain situations; he also appears to be ignorant and insecure.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ Gore also appears in during the Imaginationland saga where he's shown wearing a red cape and yelling \"excelsior!", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The thirteenth season of \"South Park\", an American animated television comedy series, originally aired in the United States on Comedy Central between March 11 and November 18, 2009.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was headed by the series creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone, who served as executive producers along with Anne Garefino.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season continued to focus on the exploits of protagonists Stan, Kyle, Cartman, Kenny and Butters in the fictional Colorado mountain town of South Park.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ The season was the first of three new seasons Parker and Stone agreed to produce for the network under a renewal deal.", "South Park (season 13) __knowledge__ It consisted of fourteen 22-minute episodes, which aired in two groups of seven episodes separated by a six-month gap.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ \"200\" is the fifth episode of the fourteenth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\", and the 200th overall episode of the series.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on April 14, 2010.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ In the episode, Tom Cruise and all other celebrities who have been mocked by residents of South Park in the past plan to file a class action lawsuit against the town, but Cruise promises to end the lawsuit if the town can get the Muslim prophet Muhammad to meet him.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "200 (South Park) __knowledge__ To celebrate their landmark episode, Parker and fellow series co-creator Matt Stone combined many of \"South Park\"s past storylines and controversies.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ \"Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo\" is the ninth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on December 17, 1997.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ In the episode, the Jewish character Kyle feels excluded from the town's celebrations during Christmas, and is comforted by Mr. Hankey, a talking and singing lump of feces wearing a red hat.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ Mr. Hankey does not come alive in the presence of other characters, so they think that Kyle is delusional.", "Mr. Hankey, the Christmas Poo __knowledge__ In another plot strand, the townspeople remove all religious aspects of Christmas from South Park to remain politically correct and inoffensive.", "Fishsticks (South Park) __knowledge__ \"Fishsticks\" is the fifth episode of the thirteenth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Fishsticks (South Park) __knowledge__ The 186th overall episode of the series, it was originally broadcast on Comedy Central in the United States on April 8, 2009.", "Fishsticks (South Park) __knowledge__ In the episode, Jimmy writes a joke that becomes a national sensation, and Cartman tries to steal the credit while rapper Kanye West is the only person in the country who fails to get the joke, but cannot admit that he does not get it because he believes himself to be a genius.", "Fishsticks (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker, and was rated TV-MA L in the United States.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ \"See also South Park (disambiguation)\" South Park is a broad post-World War II development in the south-central area of Houston, Texas, a few miles south of MacGregor Park (from which it gets its name) and directly south of the 610 Loop.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ According to the 2000 Census, the community has a population of 22,282.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ 81% of the South Park population is predominately African American, compared to 25% for the city as a whole.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ Houston's Martin Luther King Boulevard runs through the area.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ Reflecting its postwar origins, many streets in South Park are named after World War II battle sites and persons.", "South Park, Houston __knowledge__ In the 1980s and 1990s crime became a key issue for South Park.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ \"South Park\" is an American animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Its frequent depiction of taboo subject matter, unusual (especially Sophomoric) humor and portrayal of religion for comic effect has generated controversy and debate throughout the world over the course of its 20 seasons.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Stone and Parker, who both continue to be heavily involved in the writing and production of each episode, use the show frequently to lampoon a wide range of topics and both sides of contentious issues.", "South Park controversies __knowledge__ Parker and Stone usually reply to such controversies by regarding themselves as \"equal opportunity offenders\".", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ \"Trapped in the Closet\" is the twelfth episode in the ninth season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The 137th episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 16, 2005.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ In the episode, Stan joins Scientology in an attempt to find something \"fun and free\".", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ After the discovery of his surprisingly high \"thetan levels\", he is recognized as the reincarnation of L. Ron Hubbard, the founder of the church.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.", "Trapped in the Closet (South Park) __knowledge__ The title is a reference to the R. Kelly serialized song of the same name and a satirized version of R. Kelly appears in the episode.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ \"Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride\" is the fourth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ It originally aired on September 3, 1997 on Comedy Central in the United States.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ The episode was written by series co-founders Trey Parker and Matt Stone, and directed by Parker.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ In this episode, Stan's dog, Sparky, is revealed to be gay after humping a rival male dog.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ Under peer pressure, Stan tries to make him more masculine, and as a result, Sparky runs away and ends up at Big Gay Al's Big Gay Animal Sanctuary.", "Big Gay Al's Big Gay Boat Ride __knowledge__ Stan comes to understand homosexuality and tries to make everyone in South Park accept it.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ Various student characters attend the fictional school South Park Elementary in the animated television show \"South Park\".", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The school is one of the most prominent settings on the show, the narrative of which revolves mostly around the students.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ While there have been a few characters from varying grades have been depicted in recurring minor roles, the students in the fourth grade—including central characters Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman—receive the primary focus of the series.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The fourth grade class is taught throughout most of the series by Mr. Garrison, with a hiatus between seasons 4 and 6 when he is replaced by Ms. Choksondik.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut __knowledge__ South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\".", "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut __knowledge__ The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures via Paramount Animation handled U.S. and Canada distribution, while Warner Bros. Pictures via handled international distribution.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut __knowledge__ The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "South Park __knowledge__ South Park is an American adult animated sitcom created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone and developed by Brian Graden for the Comedy Central television network.", "South Park __knowledge__ The show revolves around four boys—Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick—and their bizarre adventures in and around the titular Colorado town.", "South Park __knowledge__ Much like \"The Simpsons\", \"South Park\" uses a very large ensemble cast of recurring characters and became infamous for its profanity and dark, surreal humor that satirizes a wide range of topics towards a mature audience.", "South Park __knowledge__ Parker and Stone developed the show from \"The Spirit of Christmas\", two consecutive animated shorts created in 1992 and 1995.", "South Park __knowledge__ The latter became one of the first Internet viral videos, ultimately leading to \"South Park\"'s production.", "South Park __knowledge__ It debuted in August 1997 with great success, consistently earning the highest ratings of any basic cable program.", "South Park __knowledge__ Subsequent ratings have varied but it remains one of Comedy Central's highest rated shows, and is slated to air in new episodes through 2019.", "South Park __knowledge__ The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ Irving Berlin (born Israel Beilin; May 11, 1888 – September 22, 1989) was an American composer and lyricist, widely considered one of the greatest songwriters in American history.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ His music forms a great part of the Great American Songbook.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ Born in Imperial Russia, Berlin arrived in the United States at the age of five.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ He published his first song, \"Marie from Sunny Italy\", in 1907, receiving 33 cents for the publishing rights, and had his first major international hit, \"Alexander's Ragtime Band\" in 1911.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ He also was an owner of the Music Box Theatre on Broadway.", "Irving Berlin __knowledge__ \"Alexander's Ragtime Band\" sparked an international dance craze in places as far away as Berlin's native Russia, which also \"flung itself into the ragtime beat with an abandon bordering on mania.\"", "First Air Force __knowledge__ The First Air Force (Air Forces Northern; 1 AF-AFNORTH) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force Air Combat Command (ACC).", "First Air Force __knowledge__ It is headquartered at Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida.", "First Air Force __knowledge__ Its primary mission is the air defense of the Contiguous United States (CONUS), United States Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico.", "First Air Force __knowledge__ Its mission lineage can be traced to the Air Defense Command, one of the original USAAF major commands formed in 1946.", "First Air Force __knowledge__ One of the four original pre-World War II numbered air forces during the existence of the United States Army Air Corps, 1 AF was activated on 18 December 1940, at Mitchel Field, Long Island, New York with a mission of air defense of the Northeastern United States and Great Lakes regions.", "Annie Get Your Gun (musical) __knowledge__ Annie Get Your Gun is a musical with lyrics and music by Irving Berlin and a book by Dorothy Fields and her brother Herbert Fields.", "Annie Get Your Gun (musical) __knowledge__ The story is a fictionalized version of the life of Annie Oakley (1860–1926), a sharpshooter who starred in Buffalo Bill's Wild West, and her romance with sharpshooter Frank E. Butler (1847–1926).", "Annie Get Your Gun (musical) __knowledge__ The 1946 Broadway production was a hit, and the musical had long runs in both New York (1,147 performances) and London, spawning revivals, a 1950 film version and television versions.", "Annie Get Your Gun (musical) __knowledge__ Songs that became hits include \"There's No Business Like Show Business\", \"Doin' What Comes Natur'lly\", \"You Can't Get a Man with a Gun\", \"They Say It's Wonderful\", and \"Anything You Can Do.\"", "First Air __knowledge__ Bradley Air Services Limited, operating as First Air, is an airline headquartered in Kanata, a suburb of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.", "First Air __knowledge__ It operates services to 34 communities in Nunavut, Nunavik, and the Northwest Territories.", "First Air __knowledge__ The majority of its fleet is available for charters worldwide.", "First Air __knowledge__ First Air has assisted in various humanitarian missions such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake, airlifting relief supplies and equipment.", "First Air __knowledge__ Its main base, which includes a large hangar, cargo and maintenance facility, is located at Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport, with hubs at Iqaluit Airport, and Yellowknife Airport.", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ Irving Berlin's There's No Business Like Show Business is a 1954 20th Century-Fox DeLuxe Color musical-comedy-drama in CinemaScope, directed by Walter Lang.", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ It stars an ensemble cast, consisting of Ethel Merman, Dan Dailey, Donald O'Connor, Mitzi Gaynor, Marilyn Monroe, Johnnie Ray, and Richard Eastham.", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ The title is borrowed from the famous song in the stage musical (and MGM film) \"Annie Get Your Gun\".", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Phoebe Ephron and Henry Ephron, based on a story by Lamar Trotti; and the movie was Fox's first musical in CinemaScope and DeLuxe Color.", "There's No Business Like Show Business (film) __knowledge__ Donald O'Connor later called the film the best picture he ever made.", "First Air Group __knowledge__ First Air Group (, E 1), previously named Air Group () and later named Attack Group () was an air group unit in the Swedish Air Force.", "First Air Group __knowledge__ The First Air Group was the collective name given to the attack wings who would jointly carry out heavier attacks in the event of war.", "First Air Group __knowledge__ It was active in various formations from 1939 to 1995.", "First Air Group __knowledge__ It was directly subordinate to the Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces and therefore nicknamed \"ÖB:s klubba\" (\"Supreme Commander's club\").", "First Air Group __knowledge__ Since its foundation in 1926 the Swedish Air Force grouped its aircraft into \"Flygkår\" (Air Corps, like the \"Första flygkåren\", \"Andra flygkåren\", \"Tredje flygkåren\" - the First, the Second, the Third Air Corps etc.", "Japanese aircraft carrier Akagi __knowledge__ Akagi (Japanese: 赤城 \"Red Castle\") was an aircraft carrier built for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), named after Mount Akagi in present-day Gunma Prefecture.", "Japanese aircraft carrier Akagi __knowledge__ Though she was laid down as an , \"Akagi\" was converted to an aircraft carrier while still under construction to comply with the terms of the Washington Naval Treaty.", "Japanese aircraft carrier Akagi __knowledge__ The ship was rebuilt from 1935 to 1938 with her original three flight decks consolidated into a single enlarged flight deck and an island superstructure.", "Japanese aircraft carrier Akagi __knowledge__ The second Japanese aircraft carrier to enter service, and the first large or \"fleet\" carrier, \"Akagi\" figured prominently in the development of the IJN's new carrier striking force doctrine that grouped carriers together, concentrating their air power.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ \"South Park\" is an American animated television series created by Trey Parker and Matt Stone for the Comedy Central television network.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ The ongoing narrative revolves around four children, Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman and Kenny McCormick, and their bizarre adventures in and around the fictional and eponymous Colorado town.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ The town is also home to an assortment of characters who make frequent appearances in the show such as students and their family members, elementary school staff, and recurring characters.", "List of South Park characters __knowledge__ Stan is portrayed as the everyman of the group, as the show's official website describes him as \"a normal, average, American, mixed-up kid\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring characters in the animated television series South Park.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ This does not include the school children, family members or the school staff.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ \"Al Gore\" (voiced by Trey Parker in the \"ManBearPig\" episode and Matt Stone in \"The Red Badge of Gayness\" episode) is the former Vice President of the United States and also tries to alert the children of South Park of a mystical creature named \"ManBearPig\".", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ He constantly says \"I'm super cereal!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ and \"excelsior!\"", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ during certain situations; he also appears to be ignorant and insecure.", "List of recurring South Park characters __knowledge__ Gore also appears in during the Imaginationland saga where he's shown wearing a red cape and yelling \"excelsior!", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ Various student characters attend the fictional school South Park Elementary in the animated television show \"South Park\".", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The school is one of the most prominent settings on the show, the narrative of which revolves mostly around the students.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ While there have been a few characters from varying grades have been depicted in recurring minor roles, the students in the fourth grade—including central characters Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Kenny McCormick, and Eric Cartman—receive the primary focus of the series.", "List of students at South Park Elementary __knowledge__ The fourth grade class is taught throughout most of the series by Mr. Garrison, with a hiatus between seasons 4 and 6 when he is replaced by Ms. Choksondik.", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\" is the first episode of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on August 13, 1997.", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ The episode introduces child protagonists Eric Cartman, Kyle Broflovski, Stan Marsh and Kenny McCormick, who attempt to rescue Kyle's younger brother Ike from being abducted by aliens.", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ At the time of the writing of the episode, \"South Park\" creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone did not yet have a series contract with Comedy Central.", "Cartman Gets an Anal Probe __knowledge__ Short on money, the creators animated the episode using paper cutout stop motion technique, similar to the short films that were the precursors to the series.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut __knowledge__ South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\".", "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut __knowledge__ The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut __knowledge__ Paramount Pictures via Paramount Animation handled U.S. and Canada distribution, while Warner Bros. Pictures via handled international distribution.", "South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut __knowledge__ The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly.", "Pinkeye (South Park) __knowledge__ \"Pinkeye\" is the seventh episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\".", "Pinkeye (South Park) __knowledge__ It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 29, 1997.", "Pinkeye (South Park) __knowledge__ In \"Pinkeye\", Kenny is killed and, through a freak accident, he is brought back to life as a zombie and starts terrorizing South Park residents, who believe the rise of the living dead is an epidemic of \"pinkeye\".", "Pinkeye (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was written by series co-founders Trey Parker and Matt Stone, along with writer Philip Stark.", "Pinkeye (South Park) __knowledge__ The episode was the first of a new slate of \"South Park\" episodes Parker and Stone made after Comedy Central agreed to permanently pick up the show." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6 ]

[ "Have you ever seen South Park? It is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Stone and Trey Parker.", "Sure, the show is about four boys: Stan, Kyle, Eric, and Kenny. They have bizarre adventures around their town.", "It started in August 1997 with great success. It earned the highest ratings for any cable show." ]

[ "South Park", "South Park", "South Park" ]

[ "Poodle", "Yes, minature poodles are just too small. They are only about a foot long", "Really? I would have guessed a Labrador or a German Shepard ", "I am a Labrador fan myself. I have had several over the years. Collies are good animals too" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Toy Poodles won \"Best in Show\" at Crufts in 1966 and 1982.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Standard Poodles achieved the award in 1955, 1985, 2002 and 2014.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The 2002 winner came from Norway and was the first overseas exhibit to win the Crufts best in show award.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origin of the poodle is disputed.", "Poodle __knowledge__ \"Encyclopædia Britannica\" traces the origin of the poodle in Germany where it was known as the \"Pudelhund\".", "Poodle __knowledge__ The word \"Pudel\" is derived from the Low German verb meaning \"to splash about\", and the word \"Hund\" (dog).", "Poodle __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale holds that the poodles descends from the French dog Barbet and might have been crossed with the Hungarian water dog." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Toy Poodles won \"Best in Show\" at Crufts in 1966 and 1982.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Standard Poodles achieved the award in 1955, 1985, 2002 and 2014.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The 2002 winner came from Norway and was the first overseas exhibit to win the Crufts best in show award.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origin of the poodle is disputed.", "Poodle __knowledge__ \"Encyclopædia Britannica\" traces the origin of the poodle in Germany where it was known as the \"Pudelhund\".", "Poodle __knowledge__ The word \"Pudel\" is derived from the Low German verb meaning \"to splash about\", and the word \"Hund\" (dog).", "Poodle __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale holds that the poodles descends from the French dog Barbet and might have been crossed with the Hungarian water dog.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The Fabulous Poodles were a British pre-new wave band formed in 1975.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ Known for quirky stage antics, such as exploding ukuleles, as well as songs with funny lyrics.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The Fabulous Poodles toured with Meat Loaf, Sha Na Na, Tom Petty, Bill Bruford and Chuck Berry (as backing band).", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ They appeared on the Old Grey Whistle Test and for a long time were music critic John Peel's favourite group.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The band released three albums between 1977 and 1979 on Pye Records.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The Fabulous Poodles started out just as The Poodles.", "Fabulous Poodles __knowledge__ The original Fabulous Poodles consisted of Tony de Meur on lead vocals and guitar, Richie Robertson on bass and vocals, Bobby Valentino on violin, mandolin and vocals, Bryn Burrows on drums and Bob Suffolk on piano.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ The Poodles are a glam metal/heavy metal band from Sweden.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ They are best known for their hits \"Metal Will Stand Tall\" and \"Night of Passion\", the latter of which was played in the Swedish Melodifestivalen in 2006.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ The band was formed by singer Jakob Samuel (a.k.a.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ Jake Samuels) who in the early 1990s was Talisman's drummer, bassist Pontus Egberg (ex Lion's Share), guitarist Pontus Norgren (also Talisman, Humanimal) and drummer Christian Lundqvist.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ The Poodles played in the Swedish Melodifestivalen contest in 2008, this time with E-Type.", "The Poodles __knowledge__ In addition, they played at the Sweden Rock Festival in 2006 and 2008.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Documentaries and minor subjects of the Thanhouser Company __knowledge__ The Thanhouser Company (formerly the Thanhouser Film Corporation) was one of the first motion picture studios, founded in 1909 by Edwin Thanhouser.", "Documentaries and minor subjects of the Thanhouser Company __knowledge__ It operated until 1920.", "Documentaries and minor subjects of the Thanhouser Company __knowledge__ It produced over 1,000 films during its lifetime, but several dozen of the films were of small filler subjects, educational or documentaries.", "Documentaries and minor subjects of the Thanhouser Company __knowledge__ Many of these smaller subjects were listed as a quarter or half a reel in length and received very little critical review or analysis by film critics and the media.", "Documentaries and minor subjects of the Thanhouser Company __knowledge__ The first quarter reel comedy, of about 250 feet, was \"The Old Shoe Came Back\".", "Documentaries and minor subjects of the Thanhouser Company __knowledge__ It was released on April 15, 1910.", "Documentaries and minor subjects of the Thanhouser Company __knowledge__ The film was appended to \"A 29-Cent Robbery\" and was first split reel released by the company.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle is a cross-breed dog, which is obtained by breeding a Golden Retriever with a Poodle.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The name, which alters \"poodle\" to \"doodle\" by analogy to \"Labradoodle\", was coined in 1992.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle was first bred by Monica Dickens in 1969.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Popularity for the goldendoodle grew in the 1990s when breeders in North America and Australia began crossing Golden Retrievers with Standard Poodles.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The original purpose of the cross was to develop guide dogs suitable for visually impaired individuals with allergies.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Poodles are considered to be hypoallergenic.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Their coats do not shed, which reduces dander.", "Steamboats of the Colorado River __knowledge__ Steamboats on the Colorado River operated from the river mouth at the Colorado River Delta on the Gulf of California in Mexico, up to the Virgin River on the Lower Colorado River Valley in the Southwestern United States from 1852 until 1909, when the construction of the Laguna Dam was completed.", "Steamboats of the Colorado River __knowledge__ The shallow draft paddle steamers were found to be the most economical way to ship goods between the Pacific Ocean ports and settlements and mines along the lower river, putting in at landings in Sonora state, Baja California Territory, California state, Arizona Territory, New Mexico Territory, and Nevada state.", "Dog crossbreed __knowledge__ Crossbreed dogs or designer dogs are dogs which have been intentionally bred from two or more recognized dog breeds and not from dogs with no purebred ancestors, but have not been artificially bred to each other enough to breed true and be recognized as a breed in their own right.", "Dog crossbreed __knowledge__ Several unofficially recognized crossbreed types date from the 14th century or earlier, such as the lurcher or the longdog.", "Dog crossbreed __knowledge__ The \"Encyclopædia Britannica\" traces the term \"designer dog\" to the late 20th century, when breeders began to cross purebred poodles with other purebred breeds in order to obtain a dog with the poodles' hypoallergenic coat, along with various desirable characteristics from other breeds.", "Dog health __knowledge__ The health of dogs is a well studied area in veterinary medicine.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Infectious diseases that affect dogs are important not only from a veterinary standpoint, but also because of the risk to public health; an example of this is rabies.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Genetic disorders also affect dogs, often due to selective breeding to produce individual dog breeds.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Due to the popularity of both commercial and homemade dog foods, nutrition is also a heavily studied subject.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Some diseases and other health problems are common to both humans and dogs; others are unique to dogs and other animals.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Dogs are susceptible to various diseases; similarly to humans, they can have diabetes, epilepsy, cancer, or arthritis.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ A labradoodle (), also known as a labrapoodle () is a crossbreed dog created by crossing the Labrador Retriever and the Standard, Miniature or Toy Poodle.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ The term first appeared in 1955, but was not popularized until 1988, when the mix began to be used as a hypoallergenic guide dog.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ Currently, they are not considered a breed by any major fancier and breeder organization.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ Not all labradoodles are hypoallergenic, but it is a quality that many look for and appreciate in this type of crossbreed.", "Labradoodle __knowledge__ The labradoodle became known in 1988, when Australian breeder Wally Conron crossed the Labrador Retriever and Standard Poodle at the Royal Guide Dogs Associations of Australia in Victoria." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Toy Poodles won \"Best in Show\" at Crufts in 1966 and 1982.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Standard Poodles achieved the award in 1955, 1985, 2002 and 2014.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The 2002 winner came from Norway and was the first overseas exhibit to win the Crufts best in show award.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origin of the poodle is disputed.", "Poodle __knowledge__ \"Encyclopædia Britannica\" traces the origin of the poodle in Germany where it was known as the \"Pudelhund\".", "Poodle __knowledge__ The word \"Pudel\" is derived from the Low German verb meaning \"to splash about\", and the word \"Hund\" (dog).", "Poodle __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale holds that the poodles descends from the French dog Barbet and might have been crossed with the Hungarian water dog.", "Alan Shepard __knowledge__ Rear Admiral Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr. (November 18, 1923 – July 21, 1998) was an American astronaut, naval aviator, test pilot, and businessman.", "Alan Shepard __knowledge__ A graduate of the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Shepard saw action with the surface navy during World War II.", "Alan Shepard __knowledge__ He became a naval aviator in 1946, and a test pilot in 1950.", "Alan Shepard __knowledge__ He was selected as one of the original NASA Mercury Seven astronauts in 1959, and in May 1961 he made the first manned Project Mercury flight, MR-3, in a spacecraft he named \"Freedom 7\".", "Alan Shepard __knowledge__ His craft entered space, but was not capable of achieving orbit.", "Alan Shepard __knowledge__ He became the second person, and the first American, to travel into space, and the first person to manually control the orientation of his spacecraft.", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ \"NCIS\" is an American police procedural television series, revolving around a fictional team of special agents from the Naval Criminal Investigative Service, which investigates crimes involving the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps.", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ The series was created by Donald P. Bellisario and Don McGill as a backdoor pilot with the season eight episodes \"Ice Queen\" and \"Meltdown\" of \"JAG\".", "List of NCIS characters __knowledge__ The series premiered on September 23, 2003 featuring an ensemble cast which has included Mark Harmon, Sasha Alexander, Michael Weatherly, Pauley Perrette, David McCallum, Sean Murray, Cote de Pablo, Lauren Holly, Rocky Carroll, Brian Dietzen, Emily Wickersham, Wilmer Valderrama, Jennifer Esposito, Duane Henry, and Maria Bello.", "Matthew Shepard __knowledge__ Matthew Wayne \"Matt\" Shepard (December 1, 1976 – October 12, 1998) was an American student at the University of Wyoming who was beaten, tortured, and left to die near Laramie on the night of October 6, 1998.", "Matthew Shepard __knowledge__ He was taken to Poudre Valley Hospital in Fort Collins, Colorado, where he died six days later from severe head injuries.", "Matthew Shepard __knowledge__ Perpetrators Aaron McKinney and Russell Henderson were arrested shortly after the attack and charged with first degree murder following Shepard's death.", "Matthew Shepard __knowledge__ Significant media coverage was given to the killing and to what role Shepard's sexual orientation played as a motive in the commission of the crime.", "Mass Effect 3 __knowledge__ Mass Effect 3 is an action role-playing third person shooter video game developed by BioWare and published by Electronic Arts for Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, and Wii U.", "Mass Effect 3 __knowledge__ Officially announced on December 11, 2010, the game was released March 6, 2012 and marks the final chapter in the original \"Mass Effect\" trilogy of video games, completing the story of Commander Shepard.", "Mass Effect 3 __knowledge__ A Wii U version was announced during Nintendo's conference at E3 2012.", "Mass Effect 3 __knowledge__ The Wii U port was developed by Australian developer Straight Right, and was released as a Wii U launch game under the title Mass Effect 3: Special Edition.", "Sam Shepard __knowledge__ Samuel Shepard Rogers III (November 5, 1943 – July 27, 2017), known professionally as Sam Shepard, was an American playwright, actor, author, screenwriter, and director whose body of work spanned half a century.", "Sam Shepard __knowledge__ He won 10 Obie Awards for writing and directing, the most given to any writer or director.", "Sam Shepard __knowledge__ He wrote 44 plays as well as several books of short stories, essays, and memoirs.", "Sam Shepard __knowledge__ Shepard received the Pulitzer Prize for Drama in 1979 for his play \"Buried Child\".", "Sam Shepard __knowledge__ He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his portrayal of pilot Chuck Yeager in \"The Right Stuff\" (1983).", "Sam Shepard __knowledge__ Shepard received the PEN/Laura Pels International Foundation for Theater Award as a master American dramatist in 2009.", "Elliott Fitch Shepard __knowledge__ Elliott Fitch Shepard (July 25, 1833 – March 24, 1893) was a New York lawyer, banker, and owner of the \"Mail and Express\" newspaper, as well as a founder and president of the New York State Bar Association.", "Elliott Fitch Shepard __knowledge__ Shepard was married to Margaret Louisa Vanderbilt, who was the granddaughter of philanthropist, business magnate, and family patriarch Cornelius Vanderbilt.", "Elliott Fitch Shepard __knowledge__ Shepard's Briarcliff Manor residence Woodlea and the Scarborough Presbyterian Church, which he founded nearby, are contributing properties to the Scarborough Historic District.", "Elliott Fitch Shepard __knowledge__ Shepard was born in Jamestown, New York, one of three sons of the president of a banknote-engraving company.", "John Shepard III __knowledge__ John Shepard III (18861950) was an American radio executive and merchant.", "John Shepard III __knowledge__ Among his many achievements, he was one of the original board members of the National Association of Broadcasters, having been elected the group's first Vice President in 1923.", "John Shepard III __knowledge__ Shepard co-founded a New England radio network, known as the Yankee Network, along with his brother Robert, in 1929-1930.", "John Shepard III __knowledge__ Shepard was also an early proponent of Frequency Modulation or FM broadcasting: he established the first FM network, when he linked his station in Massachusetts with one in New Hampshire in early 1941.", "John Shepard III __knowledge__ He also was an early experimenter with home shopping, creating perhaps the first all-female radio station, WASN, in early 1927; the station broadcast some music, but mostly focused on shopping news and information about merchandise that listeners could purchase.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ The Frisbee Dog World Championship (also known as the Ashley Whippet Invitational World Championship and the Canine Frisbee Disc World Championship) is an annual competition for disc dogs.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ In 1975, Irv Lander, Alex Stein and Eldon McIntire first organized a World Championship for flying-disc (Frisbee) catching dogs and their handlers.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ The event continued annually.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ Stein and his disc dog, Ashley Whippet, won the first three championships in 1975, 1976 and 1977.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ McIntire was the owner of another disc dog named Hyper Hank.", "Frisbee Dog World Championship __knowledge__ Lander worked for Wham-O, the maker of the Frisbee, which is a registered trademark of Wham-O.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The Australian Shepherd, often known simply as the \"Aussie\", is a medium-sized breed of dog that was, despite its name, developed on ranches in the Western United States during the 19th century.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The dog was developed from a breed or breeds from the Basque country in Western Europe.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ It was brought by Basque people to the United States.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ These people had previously lived only briefly in Australia before moving to America.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed otherwise has no connection to Australia.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ There are a number of different theories regarding how the breed came to be associated with Australia, but there is no consensus.", "Betsy (dog) __knowledge__ Betsy is a black and white longhaired Border Collie, credited with being one of the world's most intelligent dogs.", "Betsy (dog) __knowledge__ Betsy (born 2002) lives in Vienna, Austria with her owner, who goes by the pseudonym \"\"Schäfer\"\" ().", "Betsy (dog) __knowledge__ Betsy is also a pseudonym given to her by animal cognition researchers.", "Betsy (dog) __knowledge__ At ten weeks of age, Betsy was able to sit on command and knew numerous objects, such as a ball and set of keys, by their name and would fetch them on verbal command.", "Betsy (dog) __knowledge__ Betsy was discovered after her owner answered a request by \"National Geographic Magazine\" to submit intelligent animals for study.", "Betsy (dog) __knowledge__ Betsy was one of two dogs (both of which were Border Collies) whose intelligence was beyond that of Rico, also a Border Collie, who knows over 200 words.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Dog intelligence or dog cognition is the process in dogs of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing, and using in new situations information and conceptual skills.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Studies have shown that dogs display many behaviors associated with intelligence.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ They have advanced memory skills.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ For example, a border collie, \"Chaser\", learned the names of over 1,000 objects and retrieved them by verbal command.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ Dogs can use such memory skill to make inferences, and a border collie named Rico learned the labels of over 200 items and then inferred the names of novel items by exclusion.", "Dog intelligence __knowledge__ That is, he identified and retrieved those novel items immediately and also 4 weeks after the initial exposure." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Toy Poodles won \"Best in Show\" at Crufts in 1966 and 1982.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Standard Poodles achieved the award in 1955, 1985, 2002 and 2014.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The 2002 winner came from Norway and was the first overseas exhibit to win the Crufts best in show award.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origin of the poodle is disputed.", "Poodle __knowledge__ \"Encyclopædia Britannica\" traces the origin of the poodle in Germany where it was known as the \"Pudelhund\".", "Poodle __knowledge__ The word \"Pudel\" is derived from the Low German verb meaning \"to splash about\", and the word \"Hund\" (dog).", "Poodle __knowledge__ The Fédération Cynologique Internationale holds that the poodles descends from the French dog Barbet and might have been crossed with the Hungarian water dog.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ The Rough Collie (also known as the Long-Haired Collie) is a long-coated breed of medium to large size dog that in its original form was a type of collie used and bred for herding in Scotland.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Originating in the 1800s, it is now well known through the works of author Albert Payson Terhune, and through the \"Lassie\" novel, movies, and television shows.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ There is also a smooth-coated variety; some breed organisations, including both the American and the Canadian Kennel Clubs, consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Rough Collie __knowledge__ Rough Collies generally come in shades of sable, merles, and tri-coloured.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The breed consisted of both the long-haired (now known as Rough) Collie and the short-haired (now known as Smooth) Collie.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs, some dating back to the Roman occupation, which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs, Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ In Scotland, this dog was referred to as \"cooley\", \"coaly\" and \"colley\" dogs.", "Scotch Collie __knowledge__ The name \"Collie\" is thought to come from the Old English word for \"black\" or \"coal\" (coll) and may have referred to a type of sheep (Coaley) which they were once used to herd.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie, or Beardie, is a herding breed of dog once used primarily by Scottish shepherds, but now mostly a popular family companion.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Bearded Collies have an average weight of .", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Males are around tall at the withers while females are around tall.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ The Bearded Collie's history is a combination of fact and legend.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ Kazimierz Grabski, a Polish merchant, reportedly traded a shipment of grain for sheep in Scotland in 1514 and brought six Polish Lowland Sheepdogs to move them.", "Bearded Collie __knowledge__ A Scottish shepherd was so impressed with the herding ability of the dogs that he traded several sheep for several dogs.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.", "Collie __knowledge__ The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.", "Collie __knowledge__ The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.", "Collie __knowledge__ Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.", "Collie __knowledge__ Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.", "Collie __knowledge__ Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ The Smooth Collie is a breed of dog developed originally for herding.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ It is a short-coated version of the Rough Collie of Lassie fame.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ Some breed organisations consider the smooth-coat and rough-coat dogs to be variations of the same breed.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ The early history of the Smooth Collie, like that of many dog breeds, is largely a matter of speculation.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ The most common view of the breed is that they are descended from a population of shepherds' dogs brought to Scotland by the Romans around the 5th century.", "Smooth Collie __knowledge__ Even the origin of the breed's name is unclear, variously claimed to describe the early shepherd dog's dark colour (\"coaly\"), or derived from the name of a breed of sheep with black faces once commonly kept in Scotland (\"Colley\"), or derived from an Anglo-Saxon word meaning \"useful.\"", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collie or farmcollie is an informal term for a class of herding dog, of the broader collie type.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collies are bred for more than looks; working dog traits, including cleverness, loyalty, and hardiness, are sought.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ Farm collies are also common household pets, and sometimes trained as guide dogs for the visually impaired.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ The term \"farm collie\" can have various meanings, including: There are different standardised breeds of collie, each often called simply \"collie\" in their native regions, including: A farm collie may be descended from any of these.", "Farm collie __knowledge__ The diversity of foundation stock breeds means that a farm collie's looks can vary greatly, ranging from those of a Border Collie to those of a Rough Collie.", "English Shepherd __knowledge__ The English Shepherd is an extremely versatile breed of working dog of the collie lineage, developed in the United States from farm dogs brought by English and Scottish settlers in the 17th through 19th centuries before pedigrees became fashionable around the end of the 19th century.", "English Shepherd __knowledge__ Subsistence farmers appreciated the breed for their versatility and not for their flash or strict conformation to a standard of appearance.", "English Shepherd __knowledge__ The English Shepherd is a highly intelligent, all-around farm dog, being used as a herding dog, livestock guardian, farm watch dog, hunting dog, vermin eradicator and a child's companion.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The Shetland Sheepdog, also known as the Sheltie, is a breed of herding dog that originated in the Shetland Islands.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The original name of this breed was Shetland Collie, but when this caused controversy among the Rough Collie breeders of the time, the breed's name was formally changed to \"Shetland Sheepdog\".", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ This hard-working small dog is intelligent, vocal, excitable, and willing to please.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ The breed was formally recognized by The Kennel Club in 1909.", "Shetland Sheepdog __knowledge__ Like the Shetland pony and the Shetland sheep, the Shetland Sheepdog is a hardy but diminutive breed, developed to thrive amidst the harsh and meager conditions of its native island.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The Australian Shepherd, often known simply as the \"Aussie\", is a medium-sized breed of dog that was, despite its name, developed on ranches in the Western United States during the 19th century.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The dog was developed from a breed or breeds from the Basque country in Western Europe.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ It was brought by Basque people to the United States.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ These people had previously lived only briefly in Australia before moving to America.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed otherwise has no connection to Australia.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ There are a number of different theories regarding how the breed came to be associated with Australia, but there is no consensus.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ Herding Group is the name of a breed group of dogs, used by kennel clubs to classify a defined collection of dog breeds.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ It does not refer to one particular type of dog.", "Herding Group __knowledge__ How the \"Herding Group\" is defined varies among kennel clubs, and different kennel clubs may not include the same breeds in their \"Herding Group\".", "Herding Group __knowledge__ Some kennel clubs do not use the term \"Herding Group\".", "Herding Group __knowledge__ The international kennel club association, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, does not have a \"Herding Group\", and includes most pastoral dogs in Group 1 \"Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs (except Swiss Cattle Dogs)\" and Group 2 \"Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossoid Breeds - Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs\"." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 44, 12 ]

[ "Poodles are pretty cool little dogs. I prefer standard poodles over miniature", "They are the second most intelligent breed behind the border collie tho", "Border collies are working and herding dogs i prefer them over poodles", "Border collies are awesome herding dog breeds but i love labs and golden retrievers more tbh" ]

[ "Poodle", "Poodle", "Poodle", "Poodle" ]

[ "Sushi", "Yes but I believe it have to be very fresh and they use rice and other ingredients too.", "I love wasabi, any idea how is it made?", "I've only tried the paste form of course I can only eat a very small amount at a time since it is so strong." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Nasi goreng __knowledge__ Nasi goreng, literally meaning \"fried rice\" in Indonesian, can refer simply to fried pre-cooked rice, a meal including stir fried rice in a small amount of cooking oil or margarine, typically spiced with \"kecap manis\" (sweet soy sauce), shallot, garlic, ground shrimp paste, tamarind and chilli and accompanied by other ingredients, particularly egg, chicken and prawns.", "Nasi goreng __knowledge__ There is also another kind of \"nasi goreng\" which is made with \"ikan asin\" (salted dried fish) which is also popular across Indonesia.", "Nasi goreng __knowledge__ \"Nasi goreng\" is sometimes described as Indonesian stir-fried rice, although it is also popular in Southeast Asia.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Chinese cuisine is an important part of Chinese culture, which includes cuisine originating from the diverse regions of China, as well as from Chinese people in other parts of the world.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Because of the Chinese diaspora and historical power of the country, Chinese cuisine has influenced many other cuisines in Asia, with modifications made to cater to local palates.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ The preference for seasoning and cooking techniques of Chinese provinces depend on differences in historical background and ethnic groups.", "Chinese cuisine __knowledge__ Geographic features including mountains, rivers, forests and deserts also have a strong effect on the local available ingredients, considering climate of China varies from tropical in the south to subarctic in the northeast.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry (, plural curries) is an umbrella term referring to a number of dishes originating in the cuisine of the Indian subcontinent.", "Curry __knowledge__ The common feature is the use of complex combinations of spices or herbs, usually including fresh or dried hot chillies.", "Curry __knowledge__ The use of the term is generally limited to dishes prepared in a sauce.", "Curry __knowledge__ Curry dishes prepared in the southern states of India may be spiced with leaves from the curry tree.", "Curry __knowledge__ There are many varieties of dishes called 'curries'.", "Curry __knowledge__ For example, in original traditional cuisines, the precise selection of spices for each dish is a matter of national or regional cultural tradition, religious practice, and, to some extent, family preference.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The history of sushi began with paddy fields in Southeast Asia, where fish was fermented with salt and rice, after which the rice was discarded.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The dish is today known as \"narezushi\", and was introduced to Japan around the Yayoi period.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In the Muromachi period, people began to eat the rice as well as the fish.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ During the Edo period, vinegar rather than fermented rice began to be used.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In pre-modern times and modern times, it has become a form of fast food strongly associated with Japanese culture.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The earliest form of sushi, a dish today known as narezushi, has its probable origin with paddy fields along the Mekong river in Southeast Asia.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Sashimi (; , ) is a Japanese delicacy consisting of very fresh raw meat or fish sliced into thin pieces.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ The word \"sashimi\" means \"pierced body\", i.e.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ \"刺身\" = \"sashimi\", where 刺し = \"sashi\" (pierced, stuck) and 身 = \"mi\" (body, meat).", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word dates from the Muromachi period, and was possibly coined when the word \"切る\" = \"kiru\" (cut), the culinary step, was considered too inauspicious to be used by anyone other than samurai.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word may derive from the culinary practice of sticking the fish's tail and fin to the slices for the purpose of identifying the fish being eaten.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Another possibility for the name could come from the traditional method of harvesting.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ The Atlantic bluefin tuna (\"Thunnus thynnus\") is a species of tuna in the family Scombridae.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ It is variously known as the northern bluefin tuna (mainly when including Pacific bluefin as a subspecies), giant bluefin tuna (for individuals exceeding ) and formerly as the tunny.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ Atlantic bluefin are native to both the western and eastern Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Mediterranean Sea.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ Atlantic bluefin have become extinct in the Black Sea.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ The Atlantic bluefin tuna is a close relative of the other two bluefin tuna species—the Pacific bluefin tuna and the southern bluefin tuna.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ Atlantic bluefin tuna may exceed in weight, and rival the black marlin, blue marlin and swordfish as the largest Perciformes.", "Fish as food __knowledge__ Many species of fish are consumed as food in virtually all regions around the world.", "Fish as food __knowledge__ Fish has been an important source of protein and other nutrients for humans from time immemorial.", "Fish as food __knowledge__ In culinary and fishery contexts, \"fish\" may include shellfish, such as molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms.", "Fish as food __knowledge__ English does not distinguish between \"fish\" as an animal and the food prepared from it, as it does with \"pig\" vs. \"pork\" or \"cow\" vs. \"beef\".", "Fish as food __knowledge__ Some other languages do, as in the Spanish \" versus \".", "Fish as food __knowledge__ The modern English word for fish comes from the Old English word \"fisc\" (plural: \"fiscas\") which was pronounced as it is today.", "History of seafood __knowledge__ The harvesting and consuming of seafoods are ancient practices that may date back to at least the Upper Paleolithic period which dates to between 50,000 and 10,000 years ago.", "History of seafood __knowledge__ Isotopic analysis of the skeletal remains of Tianyuan man, a 40,000-year-old modern human from eastern Asia, has shown that he regularly consumed freshwater fish.", "History of seafood __knowledge__ Archaeology features such as shell middens, discarded fish bones and cave paintings show that sea foods were important for survival and consumed in significant quantities.", "History of seafood __knowledge__ During this period, most people lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle and were, of necessity, constantly on the move." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters from the TV series \"Kickin' It\".", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ Jack Brewer (Leo Howard) is the new kid in town, whose foremost hobbies are martial arts and skateboarding.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ He learned karate from his grandfather, who also trained Bobby Wasabi for the latter's movies.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ Jack is loyal to his friends and inspires them to give 110%, just as he himself always does.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ He cannot stand the scent, or taste, of blue cheese.", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ Jack also has a phobia of clowns, which he confronted in \"Boo Gi Nights\".", "List of Kickin' It characters __knowledge__ Jack also tends to say \"You probably shouldn't have done that\", whenever someone tries to punch him and he blocks it.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ The origin of wasabi cuisine has been clarified from the oldest historical records; it takes its rise in Nara prefecture, and more recently has seen a surge in popularity from the early 1990s to mid 2000s.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ Wasabi is generally sold either as a stem, which must be very finely grated before use, as dried powder in large quantities, or as a ready-to-use paste in tubes similar to travel toothpaste tubes.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ Because it grows mostly submerged, it is a common misconception to refer to the part used for wasabi as a \"root\" or sometimes even a \"rhizome\": it is in fact the stem of the plant, with the characteristic leaf scar where old leaves fell off or were collected.", "Wasabi Anime __knowledge__ Wasabi Anime (also known as Green Mustard Entertainment) is a company that produces events and programming for anime conventions (and other fan conventions) in North America along with their own stand alone conventions.", "Wasabi Anime __knowledge__ Started in 2001 (with the registration of the WasabiAnime.com website) the group started as an anime club before evolving into an LLC in 2007 and then a corporation in 2010.", "Wasabi Anime __knowledge__ As of July 2012, Wasabi Anime has hosted events in California, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, and Las Vegas.", "Wasabi Anime __knowledge__ Wasabi Anime was started by Tom Croom with a group of motivated anime fans shortly after the completion of Anime Festival Orlando II in Kissimmee, Florida.", "Wasabi-No-Ginger __knowledge__ Wasabi-No-Ginger is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Wasabi-No-Ginger __knowledge__ Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist David Nakayama, he first appeared in \"Big Hero 6\" #1 (September 2008), a book about a titular superhero team in which Wasabi is a member.", "Wasabi-No-Ginger __knowledge__ Wasabi-No-Ginger is a trained chef and a member of Big Hero 6.", "Wasabi-No-Ginger __knowledge__ His first mission with the six was taking on a villain named Badgal and her three minions; Whiplash, Brute and Gunsmith.", "Wasabi-No-Ginger __knowledge__ He is once again with his teammates, this time helping Spider-Man take out Doctor Octopus' satellites.", "Wasabi-No-Ginger __knowledge__ Wasabi and Baymax jump head on into battle, taking on Everwraith.", "List of Thumb Wrestling Federation characters __knowledge__ The following are characters from the television show \"Thumb Wrestling Federation\".", "List of Thumb Wrestling Federation characters __knowledge__ Originally a rebellious wrestler from a bad environment, Vini was once part of a rowdy gang that oppresses anyone inferior in their vicinity.", "List of Thumb Wrestling Federation characters __knowledge__ Upon entering a gym, Vini rejuvenated himself and became devoted in protecting defenceless individuals.", "List of Thumb Wrestling Federation characters __knowledge__ He then founded the Mighty Dexteras and became its leader.", "List of Thumb Wrestling Federation characters __knowledge__ He's signature move is the Vini Vidi Vada Voom.", "List of Thumb Wrestling Federation characters __knowledge__ With it, he strikes the opponent left and right three times before pinning them.", "List of Thumb Wrestling Federation characters __knowledge__ He was active in the first and second season but didn't participate in the third.", "List of Thumb Wrestling Federation characters __knowledge__ His name is somewhat based on \"Veni Vidi Vici\", the Latin version of Julius Caesar's quote \".", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ This is a list of Japanese condiments by type.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ Mirin is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ It is a kind of rice wine similar to sake, but with a lower alcohol content—14% instead of 20%.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ There are three general types.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The first is \"hon mirin\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ true mirin), which contains alcohol.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The second is \"shio mirin\", which contains alcohol as well as 1.5% salt to avoid alcohol tax.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The third is \"shin mirin\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ new mirin), or \"mirin-fu chomiryo\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ mirin-like seasoning), which contains less than 1% alcohol yet retains the same flavour.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ Rice vinegar is a very mild and mellow vinegar and ranges in colour from colourless to pale yellow.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce (also called soya sauce in British English) is a liquid condiment of Chinese origin, made from a fermented paste of soybeans, roasted grain, brine, and \"Aspergillus oryzae\" or \"Aspergillus sojae\" molds.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce in its current form was created about 2,200 years ago during the Western Han dynasty of ancient China, and spread throughout East and Southeast Asia where it is used in cooking and as a condiment.", "Soy sauce __knowledge__ Soy sauce (酱油) is considered almost as old as soy paste — a type of fermented paste (Jiang, ) obtained from soybeans — which had appeared during the Western Han dynasty and was listed in the bamboo slips found in the archaeological site Mawangdui.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu, also known as bean curd, is a food cultivated by coagulating soy milk and then pressing the resulting curds into soft white blocks.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is a component in East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisines.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu can be soft, firm, or extra firm.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu has a subtle flavor and can be used in savory and sweet dishes.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is often seasoned or marinated to suit the dish.", "Tofu __knowledge__ Tofu has a low calorie count and relatively large amounts of protein.", "Tofu __knowledge__ It is high in iron, and it can have a high calcium or magnesium content, depending on the coagulants used in manufacturing (e.g.", "Tofu __knowledge__ calcium chloride, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesian cuisine is one of the most vibrant and colourful cuisines in the world, full of intense flavour.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ It is eclectic and diverse, in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 300 ethnic groups calling Indonesia home.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Many regional cuisines exist, often based upon indigenous culture and foreign influences.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia has around 5,350 traditional recipes, with 30 of them considered the most important.", "Indonesian cuisine __knowledge__ Indonesia's cuisine may include rice, noodle and soup dishes in modest local eateries to street-side snacks and top-dollar plates.", "Shrimp paste __knowledge__ Shrimp paste or shrimp sauce is a fermented condiment commonly used in Southeast Asian, Northeastern South Asian and Southern Chinese cuisines.", "Shrimp paste __knowledge__ It is known as terasi (also spelled \"trassi\", \"terasie\") in Indonesian, ngapi ( ) in Burmese, Dangpuithu in Mizo (Northeast India), kapi (กะปิ ) in Thai, Khmer (កាពិ ) and Lao (ກະປິ ), belacan (also spelled \"belachan\", \"blachang\") in Malay, mắm ruốc, mắm tép and mắm tôm in Vietnamese (the name depends on the shrimp used), bagoong alamang (also known as \"bagoong aramang\") in Tagalog, haa1 zoeng3/haa1 gou1(蝦醬／蝦膏) in Cantonese Chinese and hom ha/hae ko () in Min Nan Chinese.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ Dutch cuisine () is formed from the cooking traditions and practices of the Netherlands.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ The country's cuisine is shaped by its location in the fertile North Sea river delta of the European Plain, giving rise to fishing, farming (for crops and domesticated animals), and trading over sea (colonialism and the spice trade).", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ Traditionally, Dutch cuisine is simple and straightforward, with many vegetables and little meat: breakfast and lunch are typically bread with toppings like cheese, while dinner is , supplemented with seasonal vegetables.", "Dutch cuisine __knowledge__ The diet contains many dairy products and was relatively high in carbohydrates and fat, reflecting the dietary needs of the laborers whose culture molded the country.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pasta () is a staple food of traditional Italian cuisine, with the first reference dating to 1154 in Sicily.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Also commonly used to refer to the variety of pasta dishes, pasta is typically a noodle made from an unleavened dough of a durum wheat flour mixed with water or eggs and formed into sheets or various shapes, then cooked by boiling or baking.", "Pasta __knowledge__ As an alternative for those wanting a different taste, or who need to avoid products containing gluten, some pastas can be made using rice flour in place of wheat.", "Pasta __knowledge__ Pastas may be divided into two broad categories, dried (\"pasta secca\") and fresh (\"pasta fresca\").", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Colocasia esculenta is a tropical plant grown primarily for its edible corms, the root vegetables most commonly known as taro.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ It is believed to be one of the earliest cultivated plants.", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Linnaeus originally described two species which are now known as \"Colocasia esculenta\" and \"Colocasia antiquorum\" of the cultivated plants that are known by many names including eddoes, dasheen, taro and madumbi, but many later botanists consider them all to be members of a single, very variable species, the correct name for which is \"Colocasia esculenta\".", "Colocasia esculenta __knowledge__ Taro () commonly refers to the plant \"Colocasia esculenta\", the most widely cultivated species of several plants in the Araceae family which are used as vegetables for their corms, leaves, and petioles.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Opium __knowledge__ Opium (poppy tears, with the scientific name: \"Lachryma papaveris\") is the dried latex obtained from the opium poppy (scientific name: \"Papaver somniferum\").", "Opium __knowledge__ Opium latex contains approximately 12 percent of the analgesic alkaloid morphine, which is processed chemically to produce heroin and other synthetic opioids for medicinal use and for illegal drug trade.", "Opium __knowledge__ The latex also contains the closely related opiates codeine and thebaine, and non-analgesic alkaloids such as papaverine and noscapine.", "Opium __knowledge__ The traditional, labor-intensive method of obtaining the latex is to scratch (\"score\") the immature seed pods (fruits) by hand; the latex leaks out and dries to a sticky yellowish residue that is later scraped off and dehydrated.", "Gunpowder __knowledge__ Gunpowder, also known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive.", "Gunpowder __knowledge__ It consists of a mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate (saltpeter).", "Gunpowder __knowledge__ The sulfur and charcoal act as fuels while the saltpeter is an oxidizer.", "Gunpowder __knowledge__ Because of its incendiary properties and the amount of heat and gas volume that it generates, gunpowder has been widely used as a propellant in firearms, artillery, rockets, and fireworks and as a blasting powder in quarrying, mining, and road building.", "Gunpowder __knowledge__ Gunpowder was invented in 9th-century China and spread throughout most parts of Eurasia by the end of the 13th century." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 21, 4 ]

[ "I love eating sushi, but what exactly is sushi anyway/ Is it just raw fish?", "Yeah and it is typically prepared with ginger, wasabi, or soy sauce as well.", "Well it is a plant, and what we eat is the stem. But typically they'll slice it, or make it into a powder first. Sometimes they'll make it into a paste though.", "Well if you can only eat a little at a time, you ought to try eating a different garnish, like Daikon radish or something." ]

[ "Sushi", "Sushi", "Sushi", "Sushi" ]

[ "Krav Maga\nI like Krav Maga. It is an art of self defense ", "Yes it is. I learnt a few lessons ", "That is true", "I like the defensive for self protection ", "The Israelis developed it into a weapon " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ Tony Kaye (born Anthony John Selvidge; 11 January 1946) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, producer and manager, best known as a founding member of the rock band Yes.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ Born into a musical family, Kaye was classically trained and intended to become a concert pianist before he developed an interest in jazz and contemporary rock and pop music.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ He joined several groups through the 1960s, including the Federals, Johnny Taylor's Star Combo, Jimmy Winston & His Reflections, and Bittersweet.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ From 1968 to 1971, Kaye was a member of Yes and played on their first three albums.", "Tony Kaye (musician) __knowledge__ He then formed Badger and relocated to Los Angeles in 1974, after which he toured with David Bowie and joined Detective.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ Yes, I Can () is a teaching method for adult literacy which was developed by Cuban educator Dr. and first trialled in Haiti and Nicaragua in 2000.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ To date, this method has been used in 29 nations allowing over 6 million people to develop basic literacy.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ The program was originally developed in Spanish and known as \"Yo, sí puedo\".", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ It has now been translated into many languages including Portuguese, English, Quechua, Aymara, Creole and Swahili.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ The Yes I Can literacy method uses pre-recorded lessons on video or DVD that are delivered by a local facilitator.", "Yes, I Can __knowledge__ Yes I Can also uses an alphanumeric association between numbers and letters.", "YES Network __knowledge__ The Yankees Entertainment and Sports Network (YES) is an American cable and satellite television regional sports network that is owned by 21st Century Fox (which owns a controlling 80% interest and serves as managing partner) and Yankee Global Enterprises (which owns the remaining 20%).", "YES Network __knowledge__ Primarily serving New York City, New York and the surrounding metropolitan area, it broadcasts a variety of sports events, as well as magazine, documentary and discussion programs; however, its main emphasis is focused on games and team-related programs involving the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball (owned by minority partner Yankee Global), the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and New York City FC of Major League Soccer.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Richard Christopher \"Rick\" Wakeman (born 18 May 1949) is an English keyboardist, songwriter, television and radio presenter, and author.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the progressive rock band Yes across five tenures between 1971 and 2004 and for his solo albums released in the 1970s.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ He is a current member of Yes Featuring Jon Anderson, Trevor Rabin and Rick Wakeman.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ Born and raised in West London, Wakeman intended to be a concert pianist but quit his studies at the Royal College of Music in 1969 to become a full-time session musician.", "Rick Wakeman __knowledge__ His early sessions included playing on \"Space Oddity\", among others, for David Bowie and songs by Junior's Eyes, T. Rex, Elton John, and Cat Stevens.", "Friends of the Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ Friends of the Israel Defense Forces (FIDF) (in ) is an organization established in 1981 dedicated to the men and women serving in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), wounded veterans, and the families of fallen soldiers.", "Friends of the Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ Headquartered in New York City, Friends of the Israel Defense Forces is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization that operates fifteen regional offices in the United States and Panama.", "Friends of the Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ Friends of the Israel Defense Forces initiates and supports educational, social, cultural and recreational programs and facilities in an effort to ease the burden that the Israel Defense Forces' soldiers and their families carry on behalf of the Jewish community worldwide.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; , \"lit.\"", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ \"The Army of Defense for Israel\"; ), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym \"Tzahal\" (), are the military forces of the State of Israel.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ They consist of the ground forces, air force, and navy.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ The IDF is headed by its Chief of General Staff, the \"Ramatkal\", subordinate to the Defense Minister of Israel; Lieutenant general (\"Rav Aluf\") Gadi Eizenkot has served as Chief of Staff since 2015.", "Israel Defense Forces __knowledge__ An order from Defense Minister David Ben-Gurion on 26 May 1948 officially set up the Israel Defense Forces as a conscript army formed out of the paramilitary group Haganah, incorporating the militant groups Irgun and Lehi.", "2006 Lebanon War __knowledge__ The 2006 Lebanon War, also called the 2006 Israel–Hezbollah War and known in Lebanon as the July War (, \"Ḥarb Tammūz\") and in Israel as the Second Lebanon War (, \"Milhemet Levanon HaShniya\"), was a 34-day military conflict in Lebanon, Northern Israel and the Golan Heights.", "2006 Lebanon War __knowledge__ The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).", "2006 Lebanon War __knowledge__ The conflict started on 12 July 2006, and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006, though it formally ended on 8 September 2006 when Israel lifted its naval blockade of Lebanon.", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict refers to the impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict on minors in Israel and the Palestinian territories.", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Laurel Holliday, in her 1999 book \"Children of Israel/Palestine\", writes that two \"ethnically distinct peoples – both Palestinians and Israeli Jews – lay claim to the very same sand, stone, rivers, vegetation, seacoast, and mountains\" and that the stories she presents show that \"Israeli and Palestinian children grow up feeling that they are destined for conflict with their neighbors\".", "Children in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict __knowledge__ Both the Israeli Defense Forces and militant Palestinian groups have been accused of violating the rights of children and causing injury and death.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ The Gaza War, also known as Operation Cast Lead (), also known as the Gaza Massacre () and the Battle of al-Furqan () by Hamas, was a three-week armed conflict between Palestinians in the Gaza Strip and Israel that began on 27 December 2008 and ended on 18 January 2009 in a unilateral ceasefire.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israel's stated goal was to stop indiscriminate Palestinian rocket fire into Israel and weapons smuggling into the Gaza strip.", "Gaza War (2008–09) __knowledge__ Israeli forces attacked police stations, military targets including weapons caches and suspected rocket firing teams, as well as political and administrative institutions in the opening assault, striking in the densely populated cities of Gaza, Khan Yunis and Rafah.", "Tanks in the Israeli Army __knowledge__ This article deals with the history and development of tanks of the Israeli Army, from their first use after World War II in the establishment of the State of Israel after the end of the British Mandate, and into the Cold War and what today is considered the modern era.", "Tanks in the Israeli Army __knowledge__ Before Israel gained independence in 1948, neither Israel nor the Arab nations surrounding it had many tanks.", "Tanks in the Israeli Army __knowledge__ The Arabs and the Israelis had to find their weapons through arms dealers, or from any country that would supply them.", "Tanks in the Israeli Army __knowledge__ The first armored tanks and vehicles in Israel were, like many other countries, imported or based on other's designs; but eventually evolved into their own tank designs.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Arab citizens of Israel or Arab population of Israel are Israeli citizens, whose cultural and linguistic heritage or ethnic identity is Arab.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Many identify as Palestinian and commonly self-designate themselves as Palestinian citizens of Israel.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ The traditional vernacular of most Arab citizens, irrespective of religion, is the Palestinian dialect of Arabic.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ Most Arab citizens of Israel are functionally bilingual, their second language being Modern Hebrew.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ By religious affiliation, most are Muslim, particularly of the Sunni branch of Islam.", "Arab citizens of Israel __knowledge__ There is a significant Arab Christian minority from various denominations as well as the Druze, among other religious communities." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters on the Nickelodeon sitcom True Jackson, VP.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ This article has character summaries.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ For an episode list, see \"List of True Jackson, VP episodes\".", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ True Jackson (Keke Palmer) is a 15-year-old girl who was hired by Max Madigan as a Vice President (VP) for Mad Style's Youth Apparel.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ True is constantly getting into sticky situations that nearly end in her getting fired.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ Amanda, another VP, is constantly trying to get True fired.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ True loves to help people, especially Max, even if it may cost her job.", "List of True Jackson, VP characters __knowledge__ She has a huge crush on the company mailman, Jimmy; he also has feelings for her, but she does not know it until the second season.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The syntax of JavaScript is the set of rules that define a correctly structured JavaScript program.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The examples below make use of the log function of the console object present in most browsers for standard text output.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ The JavaScript standard library lacks an official standard text output function.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Given that JavaScript is mainly used for client-side scripting within modern Web browsers, and that almost all Web browsers provide the alert function, alert can also be used, but is not commonly used.", "JavaScript syntax __knowledge__ Brendan Eich summarized the ancestry of the syntax in the first paragraph of the JavaScript 1.1 specification as follows: JavaScript is case sensitive.", "Truth __knowledge__ Truth is most often used to mean being in accord with fact or reality, or fidelity to an original or standard.", "Truth __knowledge__ Truth may also often be used in modern contexts to refer to an idea of \"truth to self,\" or authenticity.", "Truth __knowledge__ Truth is usually held to be opposite to falsehood, which, correspondingly, can also take on a logical, factual, or ethical meaning.", "Truth __knowledge__ The concept of truth is discussed and debated in several contexts, including philosophy, art, and religion.", "Truth __knowledge__ Many human activities depend upon the concept, where its nature as a concept is assumed rather than being a subject of discussion; these include most of the sciences, law, journalism, and everyday life.", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ In philosophy and logic, the classical liar paradox or liar's paradox is the statement of a liar who states that they are lying: for instance, declaring that \"I am lying\" or \"everything I say is false\".", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ If they are indeed lying, they are telling the truth, which means they are lying.", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ In \"this sentence is a lie\" the paradox is strengthened in order to make it amenable to more rigorous logical analysis.", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ It is still generally called the \"liar paradox\" although abstraction is made precisely from the liar himself.", "Liar paradox __knowledge__ Trying to assign to this statement, the strengthened liar, a classical binary truth value leads to a contradiction.", "Epistemology __knowledge__ Epistemology (; ) is the branch of philosophy concerned with the theory of knowledge.", "Epistemology __knowledge__ Epistemology studies the nature of knowledge, justification, and the rationality of belief.", "Epistemology __knowledge__ Much of the debate in epistemology centers on four areas: (1) the philosophical analysis of the nature of knowledge and how it relates to such concepts as truth, belief, and justification, (2) various problems of skepticism, (3) the sources and scope of knowledge and justified belief, and (4) the criteria for knowledge and justification.", "Epistemology __knowledge__ Epistemology addresses such questions as \"What makes justified beliefs justified?", "Epistemology __knowledge__ \", \"What does it mean to say that we know something?\"", "Natural deduction __knowledge__ In logic and proof theory, natural deduction is a kind of proof calculus in which logical reasoning is expressed by inference rules closely related to the \"natural\" way of reasoning.", "Natural deduction __knowledge__ This contrasts with Hilbert-style systems, which instead use axioms as much as possible to express the logical laws of deductive reasoning.", "Natural deduction __knowledge__ Natural deduction grew out of a context of dissatisfaction with the axiomatizations of deductive reasoning common to the systems of Hilbert, Frege, and Russell (see, e.g., Hilbert system).", "Natural deduction __knowledge__ Such axiomatizations were most famously used by Russell and Whitehead in their mathematical treatise \"Principia Mathematica\".", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Urban Krav Maga is a self-defence system which has its roots in Israeli Krav Maga as its name suggests.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ It additionally draws on a variety of other fighting systems such as Brazilian jiu-jitsu, Boxing, Muay Thai and Mixed Martial Arts (MMA) among others .", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ The main focus of Urban Krav Maga is on defending the most common street attacks, pre-emptive moves to end a confrontation before it begins and a range of stand-up and ground fighting techniques.", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ As well as hand-to-hand fighting, techniques cover defences against weaponry (chokes, pushes, broken bottle or knife attacks, etc.).", "Urban Krav Maga __knowledge__ Contrary to many other fighting systems and martial arts, the focus is on techniques that can be implemented regardless of strength or size based on leverage and the \"surprise effect\".", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov (born 30 May 1959) is an Israeli Krav Maga instructor and currently Chief Instructor of Krav Maga Global.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He was a co-founder and Chief Instructor of the International Krav Maga Federation from 1996 to 2010.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ Eyal Yanilov is a graduate of the School for Trainers and Instructors at the Wingate Institute for Sport and Physical Education and holds a degree in electrical engineering.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He studied with the founder of Krav Maga, Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or) beginning in 1974.", "Eyal Yanilov __knowledge__ He is one of two Krav Maga practitioners who holds the highest level granted by Imi Lichtenfeld, Master level 3 and the Founder's Diploma of Excellence, along with Darren Levine.Yanilov and Levine were the driving force in popularizing Krav Maga in the 1990s.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Haim Gidon is a teacher of Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: \"contact combat\"), an Israeli-originated self-defense and military hand-to-hand combat system taught to military, police forces and civilians worldwide.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was a co-founder of the IKMA (Israeli Krav Maga Association) in 1977.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ In 1994, upon Imi Lichtenfeld's retirement, he became the Grandmaster and president of the Israeli Krav Maga Association.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ He was granted an 8th dan white and red belt by Imi Lichtenfeld (also known as Imi Sde-Or), the founder of Krav Maga.", "Haim Gidon __knowledge__ Today Gidon now holds a 10th dan red belt which is the highest degree in his style of Krav Maga.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Emrich \"Imi\" Lichtenfeld () (May 26, 1910 – January 9, 1998) was a Slovak-born Israeli martial artist who founded the Krav Maga self-defense system.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He was also known as Imi Sde-Or (), the Hebrew calque of his surname.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was born on May 26, 1910, to a Slovak Jewish family in Pozsony in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ He grew up in Bratislava.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ His father, Samuel Lichtenfeld, was a chief inspector on the Bratislava police force and a former circus acrobat.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld trained at the Hercules Gymnasium, which was owned by his father, who taught self-defense.", "Imi Lichtenfeld __knowledge__ Lichtenfeld was a successful boxer, wrestler, and gymnast since his youth.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Darren R. Levine (born April 3, 1960 in Los Angeles, California, United States) is a martial artist, an entrepreneur, and a prosecutor for the Los Angeles County District Attorney's office.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ He is best known for helping to popularize Krav Maga, the official hand-to-hand combat system of the Israel Defense Forces.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ Levine, who graduated from Loyola Law School, has worked as a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County since 1991.", "Darren Levine __knowledge__ The same year, Levine and his detectives built a case against Gerald Mason, who had evaded arrest since 1957 for the rape of a teenage girl, the assault of three other teenagers, and the murder of two police officers.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Yaakov \"Kobi\" Lichtenstein (born 1964) is an Israeli-Brazilian master of krav maga who introduced this martial art to South America.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He is the Chief Instructor of the South American Federation of Krav Maga.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein was born in 1964 in Rehovot, Israel.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He began training in the martial art of krav maga in 1967 under its founder, Imi Lichtenfeld (1910–1998).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein began teaching the art at the age of 15.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He served for three years in the Israeli Defense Forces, by the end he held a black belt diploma from the Krav Maga Association.", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ He fought in the First Lebanon War (1982).", "Kobi Lichtenstein __knowledge__ Lichtenstein arrived in Brazil on 18 January 1990, appointed by Lichtenfeld to introduce his martial art to South America." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Longavesnes __knowledge__ Longavesnes is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.", "Longavesnes __knowledge__ Longavesnes is situated northwest of Saint Quentin, in the northeast corner of the department, on the D101 road", "Electronic warfare __knowledge__ Electronic warfare (EW) is any action involving the use of the electromagnetic spectrum or directed energy to control the spectrum, attack of an enemy, or impede enemy assaults via the spectrum.", "Electronic warfare __knowledge__ The purpose of electronic warfare is to deny the opponent the advantage of, and ensure friendly unimpeded access to, the EM spectrum.", "Electronic warfare __knowledge__ EW can be applied from air, sea, land, and space by manned and unmanned systems, and can target humans, communications, radar, or other assets.", "Electronic warfare __knowledge__ Military operations are executed in an information environment increasingly complicated by the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum.", "Electronic warfare __knowledge__ The electromagnetic spectrum portion of the information environment is referred to as the electromagnetic environment (EME).", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ Since the arrival of early social networking sites in the early 2000s, online social networking platforms have expanded exponentially, with the biggest names in social media in the mid-2010s being Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and SnapChat.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The massive influx of personal information that has become available online and stored in the cloud has put user privacy at the forefront of discussion of the databases ability to safely store such personal information.", "Privacy concerns with social networking services __knowledge__ The extent to which users and social media platform administrators can access user profiles has become a new topic of ethical consideration and the legality, awareness and boundaries of subsequent privacy violations are critical concerns in the advance of the technological age.", "Puma (IFV) __knowledge__ The Puma is a German infantry fighting vehicle (\"Schützenpanzer\" or short \"SPz\") designed to replace the aging Marder IFVs currently in service with the German Army.", "Puma (IFV) __knowledge__ Replacement began in 2010 and is scheduled for completion by 2020.", "Puma (IFV) __knowledge__ Mass production began on 6 July 2009.", "Puma (IFV) __knowledge__ The companies responsible for this project are Krauss-Maffei Wegmann and Rheinmetall Landsysteme, who created a joint venture in the form of Projekt System Management GmbH (PSM).", "Puma (IFV) __knowledge__ The Puma is one of the world's best-protected IFVs, while still having a high power-to-weight ratio.", "Puma (IFV) __knowledge__ SAIC offered a derivative of the Puma as its contender in the now cancelled American GCV Infantry Fighting Vehicle program.", "Citizens United v. FEC __knowledge__ Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, , is a landmark U.S. constitutional law, campaign finance, and corporate law case dealing with regulation of political campaign spending by organizations.", "Citizens United v. FEC __knowledge__ The United States Supreme Court held (5–4) on January 21, 2010 that the free speech clause of the First Amendment to the Constitution prohibits the government from restricting independent expenditures for communications by nonprofit corporations, for-profit corporations, labor unions, and other associations.", "Citizens United v. FEC __knowledge__ In the case, the conservative non-profit organization Citizens United sought to air a film critical of Hillary Clinton and to advertise the film during television broadcasts shortly before the 2008 Democratic primary election in which Clinton was running for U.S. President.", "Kachalsky v. Cacace __knowledge__ Kachalsky v. Cacace (District - 10 Civ 05413, 2nd Circuit - 11-3642) is a case regarding the constitutionality of \"may-issue\" concealed carry laws.", "Kachalsky v. Cacace __knowledge__ The plaintiffs, Alan Kachalsky, Christina Nikolov, and the Second Amendment Foundation, represented by Alan Gura, originally sought an injunction barring Susan Cacace, handgun licensing authority for co-Defendant Westchester County, New York, from enforcing a requirement of New York State law that applicants for handgun carry permits demonstrate \"proper cause\" for the issuance of a handgun license and subsequent carry of a handgun in public.", "Kachalsky v. Cacace __knowledge__ The case is a direct challenge to the State of New York's \"may-issue\" system of concealed carry firearm licensing as being an unconstitutional infringement of the right to keep and bear arms as recognized by the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution.", "Saab JAS 39 Gripen __knowledge__ The Saab JAS 39 Gripen (English: \"griffin\") is a light single-engine multirole fighter aircraft manufactured by the Swedish aerospace company Saab.", "Saab JAS 39 Gripen __knowledge__ It was designed to replace the Saab 35 Draken and 37 Viggen in the Swedish Air Force (\"Flygvapnet\").", "Saab JAS 39 Gripen __knowledge__ The Gripen has a delta wing and canard configuration with relaxed stability design and fly-by-wire flight controls.", "Saab JAS 39 Gripen __knowledge__ It is powered by the Volvo RM12, and has a top speed of Mach 2.", "Saab JAS 39 Gripen __knowledge__ Later aircraft are modified for NATO interoperability standards and to undertake air to air refuelling.", "Saab JAS 39 Gripen __knowledge__ In 1979, the Swedish government began development studies for an aircraft capable of fighter, attack and reconnaissance missions to replace the Saab 35 Draken and 37 Viggen.", "Tom Crean (basketball) __knowledge__ Thomas Aaron Crean (born March 25, 1966) is an American college basketball coach and the former head coach of the Indiana Hoosiers men's basketball team.", "Tom Crean (basketball) __knowledge__ Prior to that, he served as head coach at Marquette University (1999–2008), where the program averaged 20 wins a year and made six postseason appearances, including the 2003 NCAA Final Four.", "Tom Crean (basketball) __knowledge__ Crean's basketball philosophy emphasizes fast breaks and transition offense.", "Tom Crean (basketball) __knowledge__ His guidance of the Indiana program to success from \"unthinkable depths\" was regarded as one of the most remarkable rebuilding projects in NCAA basketball history.", "Tom Crean (basketball) __knowledge__ In 2012, he was named the mid-season Jim Phelan National Coach of the Year, the \"Sporting News\" Big Ten Coach of the Year, and the ESPN.com National Coach of the Year.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Analytic philosophy __knowledge__ Analytic philosophy (sometimes analytical philosophy) is a style of philosophy that became dominant in English-speaking countries at the beginning of the 20th century.", "Analytic philosophy __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Scandinavia, the majority of university philosophy departments today identify themselves as \"analytic\" departments.", "Analytic philosophy __knowledge__ The term \"analytic philosophy\" can refer to one of several things: According to a characteristic paragraph by Russell: Modern analytical empiricism [...] differs from that of Locke, Berkeley, and Hume by its incorporation of mathematics and its development of a powerful logical technique.", "Estradiol benzoate __knowledge__ Estradiol benzoate, sold under the brand name Progynon-B among others, is a medication which is used in hormone therapy such as for menopausal symptoms and in veterinary medicine.", "Estradiol benzoate __knowledge__ It is given by injection into muscle.", "Estradiol benzoate __knowledge__ Side effects of estradiol benzoate include breast tenderness, breast enlargement, nausea, headache, and fluid retention.", "Estradiol benzoate __knowledge__ The drug is a synthetic estrogen and hence is an agonist of the estrogen receptor (ER), the biological target of estrogens like estradiol.", "Estradiol benzoate __knowledge__ Estradiol benzoate is an estrogen ester and a prodrug of estradiol in the body.", "Estradiol benzoate __knowledge__ Because of this, it is considered to be a natural and bioidentical form of estrogen.", "Japanese martial arts __knowledge__ Japanese martial arts refer to the variety of martial arts native to the country of Japan.", "Japanese martial arts __knowledge__ At least three Japanese terms are used interchangeably with the English phrase \"Japanese martial arts\".", "Japanese martial arts __knowledge__ The usage of term \"\"budō\"\" to mean martial arts is a modern one, and historically the term meant a way of life encompassing physical, spiritual, and moral dimensions with a focus of self-improvement, fulfillment, or personal growth.", "Japanese martial arts __knowledge__ The terms \"bujutsu\" and \"bugei\" have more discrete definitions, at least historically speaking.", "Japanese martial arts __knowledge__ \"Bujutsu\" refers specifically to the practical application of martial tactics and techniques in actual combat.", "Estradiol (medication) __knowledge__ Estradiol, also spelled oestradiol, is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone.", "Estradiol (medication) __knowledge__ It is an estrogen and is used mainly in hormone therapy for menopause, hypogonadism, and transgender women.", "Estradiol (medication) __knowledge__ It is also used in hormonal contraception and sometimes in the treatment of hormone-sensitive cancers like prostate cancer.", "Estradiol (medication) __knowledge__ Estradiol can be taken by mouth, as a gel or patch that is applied to the skin, in through the vagina, by injection into muscle, or through the use of an implant that is placed into fat, among other routes.", "Estradiol (medication) __knowledge__ Side effects of estradiol in women include breast tenderness and enlargement, headache, fluid retention, and nausea.", "Estradiol cypionate __knowledge__ Estradiol cypionate, sold under the brand name Depo-Estradiol among others, is a medication which is used in hormone therapy such as for menopausal symptoms and in hormonal birth control.", "Estradiol cypionate __knowledge__ It is given by injection into muscle.", "Estradiol cypionate __knowledge__ Side effects of estradiol cypionate include breast tenderness, breast enlargement, nausea, headache, and fluid retention.", "Estradiol cypionate __knowledge__ The drug is a synthetic estrogen and hence is an agonist of the estrogen receptor (ER), the biological target of estrogens like estradiol.", "Estradiol cypionate __knowledge__ Estradiol cypionate is an estrogen ester and a long-lasting prodrug of estradiol in the body.", "Estradiol cypionate __knowledge__ Because of this, it is considered to be a natural and bioidentical form of estrogen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga (; , \"lit.\"", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ \"contact-combat\") is a military self-defence and fighting system developed for the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Israeli security forces (Shin Bet and Mossad) that derived from a combination of techniques sourced from Boxing, Wrestling, Aikido, Judo, Karate along with realistic fight training.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga is known for its focus on real-world situations and its extreme efficiency.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ It was derived from the street-fighting experience of Hungarian-Israeli martial artist Imi Lichtenfeld, who made use of his training as a boxer and wrestler as a means of defending the Jewish quarter against fascist groups in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, in the mid-to-late 1930s.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ In the late 1940s, following his migration to Israel, he began to provide lessons on combat training to what was to become the IDF.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ From the outset, the original concept of Krav Maga was to take the most simple and practical techniques of other fighting styles (originally European boxing, wrestling and street fighting) and to make them rapidly teachable to military conscripts.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has a philosophy emphasizing aggression, and simultaneous defensive and offensive maneuvers.", "Krav Maga __knowledge__ Krav Maga has been used by the Israel Defense Forces' special forces units, the security apparatus, and by regular infantry units.", "Iron Dome __knowledge__ Iron Dome (, \"\") is a mobile all-weather air defense system developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems and Israel Aircraft Industries.", "Iron Dome __knowledge__ The system is designed to intercept and destroy short-range rockets and artillery shells fired from distances of to away and whose trajectory would take them to a populated area.", "Iron Dome __knowledge__ Israel hopes to increase the range of Iron Dome's interceptions, from the current maximum of to and make it more versatile so that it could intercept rockets coming from two directions simultaneously.", "Iron Dome __knowledge__ Iron Dome was declared operational and initially deployed on 27 March 2011 near Beersheba.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The Yom Kippur War, Ramadan War, or October War (, ', or מלחמת יום כיפור\", \"; , ', or , '), also known as the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, was a war fought by a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel from October 6 to 25, 1973.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The fighting mostly took place in the Sinai and the Golan Heights, territories that had been occupied by Israel since the Six-Day War of 1967.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ Egyptian President Anwar Sadat also wanted to reopen the Suez Canal.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ Neither specifically planned to destroy Israel, although the Israeli leaders could not be sure of that.", "Yom Kippur War __knowledge__ The war began when the Arab coalition launched a joint surprise attack on Israeli positions in the Israeli-occupied territories on Yom Kippur, the holiest day in Judaism, which also occurred that year during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan.", "Second Intifada __knowledge__ The Second Intifada, also known as the Al-Aqsa Intifada ( \"\"; \"Intifādat El-Aqtzah\"), was the second Palestinian uprising against Israel – a period of intensified Israeli–Palestinian violence.", "Second Intifada __knowledge__ It started in September 2000, when Ariel Sharon made a visit to the Temple Mount, seen by Palestinians as highly provocative; and Palestinian demonstrators, throwing stones at police, were dispersed by the Israeli army, using tear gas and rubber bullets.", "Second Intifada __knowledge__ Both parties caused high numbers of casualties among civilians as well as combatants: the Palestinians by numerous suicide bombings and gunfire; the Israelis by tank and gunfire and air attacks, by numerous targeted killings, and by reactions to demonstrations.", "Six-Day War __knowledge__ The Six-Day War (Hebrew: , \"Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim\"; Arabic: , \"an-Naksah\", \"The Setback\" or , \"Ḥarb 1967\", \"War of 1967\"), also known as the June War, 1967 Arab–Israeli War, or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967 by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria.", "Six-Day War __knowledge__ Relations between Israel and its neighbours had never fully normalised following the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.", "Six-Day War __knowledge__ In 1956 Israel invaded the Egyptian Sinai, with one of its objectives being the reopening of the Straits of Tiran which Egypt had blocked to Israeli shipping since 1950.", "1982 Lebanon War __knowledge__ The 1982 Lebanon War (, \"Milhemet Levanon Harishona\", \"the first Lebanon war\")—called Operation Peace for Galilee ( \"Mivtsa Shlom HaGalil\" or \"Mivtsa Sheleg\";by Israel, and later known in Israel as the Lebanon War and First Lebanon War, and , \"Al-ijtiyāḥ\", \"the invasion\") in Lebanon—began on 6 June 1982, when the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) invaded southern Lebanon, after repeated attacks and counter-attacks between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) operating in southern Lebanon and the IDF that had caused civilian casualties on both sides of the border.", "1982 Lebanon War __knowledge__ The military operation was launched after gunmen from Abu Nidal's organization attempted to assassinate Shlomo Argov, Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdom.", "1948 Arab–Israeli War __knowledge__ The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, or the First Arab–Israeli War, was fought between the State of Israel and a military coalition of Arab states over the control of Palestine, forming the second stage of the 1948 Palestine war.", "1948 Arab–Israeli War __knowledge__ There had been tension and conflict between the Arabs and the Jews, and between each of them and the British forces, ever since the 1917 Balfour Declaration and the 1920 creation of the British Mandate of Palestine.", "1948 Arab–Israeli War __knowledge__ British policies dissatisfied both Arabs and Jews.", "1948 Arab–Israeli War __knowledge__ The Arabs' opposition developed into the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, while the Jewish resistance developed into the Jewish insurgency in Palestine (1944–1947).", "Operation Badr (1973) __knowledge__ Operation \"Badr (; \"ʻAmaliyat Badr\") or Plan \"Badr (خطة بدر; \"Khitat Badr\") was the code name for the Egyptian military operation to cross the Suez Canal and seize the Bar-Lev Line of Israeli fortifications on October 6, 1973.", "Operation Badr (1973) __knowledge__ Launched in conjunction with a Syrian assault on the Golan Heights, this attack marked the start of the Yom Kippur War.", "Operation Badr (1973) __knowledge__ Operation \"Badr\" was preceded by training exercises starting in 1968, operational planning from 1971 onwards and a deception operation.", "Operation Badr (1973) __knowledge__ In the opening stages of the attack, known as The Crossing (العبور; \"al-'obour\"), combat engineers used water cannons to rapidly clear numerous passages through the sand wall lining the east bank of the canal, laid bridges and operated ferries, allowing armor to cross.", "Judge–advisor system __knowledge__ A judge–advisor system (JAS) is a type of advice structure often studied in advice taking research, a subset of decision-making in the social sciences.", "Judge–advisor system __knowledge__ The two roles in a JAS are the judge and advisor roles.", "Judge–advisor system __knowledge__ The judge is the decision maker who evaluates information concerning a particular decision and makes the final judgment on the decision outcome.", "Judge–advisor system __knowledge__ The advisor is an individual who provides advice, information, or suggestions to the judge.", "Judge–advisor system __knowledge__ A key component of the dynamics in a JAS is the differentiation between the two roles in that while the advisor provides input to the decision, actual decision-making power resides solely with the judge.", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ \"Digimon Adventure\" and \"Digimon Adventure 02\" are the first two seasons of the Digimon anime series.", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ \"Digimon Adventure\" originally aired from March 7, 1999 – March 26, 2000 whilst \"Digimon Adventure 02\" originally aired from April 2, 2000 – March 25, 2001 as a direct sequel to the preceding series.", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ Both series feature a variety of different characters but mostly centre upon \"The DigiDestined\", a group of children and their partner Digimon who have been chosen to protect the Digital World from various forces of evil.", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ A sequel 6-part movie series titled \"Digimon Adventure tri.\"", "List of Digimon Adventure characters __knowledge__ started airing in November 2015. are a group of children and their partner Digimon who have been chosen to protect the Digital World from various forces of evil.", "Delayed gratification __knowledge__ Delayed gratification, or deferred gratification, is the ability to resist the temptation for an immediate reward and wait for a later reward.", "Delayed gratification __knowledge__ Generally, delayed gratification is associated with resisting a smaller but more immediate reward in order to receive a larger or more enduring reward later.", "Delayed gratification __knowledge__ A growing body of literature has linked the ability to delay gratification to a host of other positive outcomes, including academic success, physical health, psychological health, and social competence.", "Delayed gratification __knowledge__ A person's ability to delay gratification relates to other similar skills such as patience, impulse control, self-control and willpower, all of which are involved in self-regulation.", "Reality television __knowledge__ Reality television is a genre of television programming that documents supposedly unscripted real-life situations, and often features an otherwise unknown cast of individuals who are typically not professional actors, although in some shows celebrities may participate.", "Reality television __knowledge__ It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers.", "Reality television __knowledge__ An early term for the format was \"docu-soap\".", "Reality television __knowledge__ The genre has various standard tropes, including \"confessionals\" (also called \"talking heads\" or \"interview segments\") used by cast members to express their thoughts, which often double as the shows' narration.", "Real World (TV series) __knowledge__ Real World (formerly known as The Real World from 1992 to 2013) is a reality television series on MTV originally produced by Mary-Ellis Bunim and Jonathan Murray.", "Real World (TV series) __knowledge__ First broadcast in 1992, the show, which was inspired by the 1973 PBS documentary series \"An American Family\", is the longest-running program in MTV history and one of the longest-running reality series in history, credited with launching the modern reality TV genre.", "Real World (TV series) __knowledge__ Seven to eight young adults are picked to temporarily live in a new city together in one residence while being filmed non-stop.", "Real World (TV series) __knowledge__ The series was hailed in its early years for depicting issues of contemporary young-adulthood relevant to its core audience, such as sex, prejudice, religion, abortion, illness, sexuality, AIDS, death, politics, and substance abuse, but later garnered a reputation as a showcase for immaturity and irresponsible behavior indicative of the declining morals of contemporary youth.", "Eldar Shafir __knowledge__ Eldar Shafir (Hebrew: אלדר שפיר) is an American behavioral scientist, and the co-author of \"Scarcity: Why Having Too Little Means So Much\" (with Sendhil Mullainathan).", "Eldar Shafir __knowledge__ He is the Class of 1987 Professor in Behavioral Science and Public Policy; Professor of Psychology and Public Affairs at Princeton University Department of Psychology and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs.", "Eldar Shafir __knowledge__ He is a Faculty Associate at the Institute for Quantitative Social Science at Harvard University.", "Eldar Shafir __knowledge__ He is co-founder and Board Member of Ideas42, a non-profit organization that uses behavioral science to help solve tough social problems.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias, also called confirmatory bias or myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ Confirmation bias is a variation of the more general tendency of apophenia.", "Confirmation bias __knowledge__ People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position." ] ]

[ 8, 6, 7, 3, 4 ]

[ "It is used by Israel Defense Forces so it certainly has merit", "Krav Maga combines boxing, wrestling and street fighting.", "But the philosophy emphasizes defensive and offensice moves all at the same time. That sounds difficult", "Yes, KravMaga is known for focusing on real world situations", "This was started in the 1930's by a Hungarian Israeli martial artist" ]

[ "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga", "Krav Maga" ]

[ "Tour de France\nWhat exactly is the Tour de France? Is it a marathon?", "What other countries does the Tour de France pass through? ", "Tour de France", "Wow, that's interesting. Do you happen to know what is the fastest completion of the Tour de France. My guess is Lance Armstrong?", "Yeah, I remember when I was a child everyone was talking about him beating cancer and taking on the Tour de France. Do you happen to know how long is the actual tour by distance?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour de France () is an annual multiple stage bicycle race primarily held in France, while also occasionally making passes through nearby countries.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Like the other Grand Tours (the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a España), it consists of 21 stages over a little more than 3 weeks.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race was first organized in 1903 to increase sales for the newspaper \"L'Auto\"; which is currently run by the Amaury Sport Organisation.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1903 except when it was stopped for the two World Wars.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ As the Tour gained prominence and popularity, the race was lengthened and its reach began to extend around the globe.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Participation expanded from a primarily French field, as riders from all over the world began to participate in the race each year.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour is a UCI World Tour event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly UCI WorldTeams, with the exception of the teams that the organizers invite.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Traditionally, the race is held primarily in the month of July.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ While the route changes each year, the format of the race stays the same with the appearance of time trials, the passage through the mountain chains of the Pyrenees and the Alps, and the finish on the Champs-Élysées in Paris.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Lance Edward Armstrong (born Lance Edward Gunderson on September 18, 1971) is an American former professional road racing cyclist.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Armstrong is the 1993 professional world champion, and won the Tour de France a record seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ However, in 2012, he was banned from sanctioned Olympic sports for life as a result of long-term doping offenses.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ As part of those sanctions, all results going back to August 1998, including his seven Tour wins, were voided.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ At age 16, Armstrong began competing as a triathlete and was a national sprint-course triathlon champion in 1989 and 1990.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ Alberto Contador Velasco (; born 6 December 1982) is a Spanish former professional cyclist.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of the most successful riders of his era, winning the Tour de France twice (2007, 2009), the Giro d'Italia twice (2008, 2015), and the Vuelta a España three times (2008, 2012, 2014).", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of only six riders to have won all three Grand Tours of cycling.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He has also won the Velo d'Or a record 4 times.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He was regarded as the natural successor of Lance Armstrong and won the 2007 Tour de France with the team.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ During his time at the Astana team, he won the 2008 Giro d'Italia, the 2008 Vuelta a España and the 2009 Tour de France.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ Team Sky () is a British professional cycling team that competes in the UCI World Tour.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ The team is based at the National Cycling Centre in Manchester, England, with a logistics base in Deinze, Belgium and an operational base in Quarrata, Italy.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ The team is managed by British Cycling's former performance director Sir Dave Brailsford.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ Team Sky launched in 2010 with the ambition of winning the Tour de France with a British rider within five years, a goal achieved within just three years when Bradley Wiggins won the 2012 Tour de France, becoming the first British winner in its history, while teammate and fellow Briton Chris Froome finished as the runner up and then went on to win the 2013 Tour de France, thereby achieving Team Sky's primary aim twice over within the original five-year time period.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ Mark Simon Cavendish (born 21 May 1985) is a British professional road racing cyclist who currently rides for UCI ProTeam .", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ As a track cyclist he specialises in the madison, points race, and scratch race disciplines and as a road racer he is a sprinter.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ In his first years as an elite track rider, Cavendish won gold in the madison at the 2005 and 2008 world championships riding for Great Britain, with Rob Hayles and Bradley Wiggins respectively, and in the scratch race at the 2006 Commonwealth Games riding for Isle of Man.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ After not winning a medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics he did not compete on track until 2015, subsequently winning with Wiggins in 2016 a third world championship title in the madison, and individually a silver medal in the Omnium at the 2016 Summer Olympics.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ Sir Bradley Marc Wiggins, CBE (born 28 April 1980) is a British former professional road and track racing cyclist, who competed professionally between 2001 and 2016.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Wiggo\", he began his cycling career on the track, but has made the transition to road cycling and is one of the few cyclists to gain significant elite level success in both those forms of professional cycling.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ He is the only rider to have combined winning both World and Olympic championships on both the track and the road, as well as winning the Tour de France, and holding the iconic track hour record.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ In addition, he has worn the leader's jersey in each of the three Grand Tours of cycling and as of 2016 holds the world record in team pursuit.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ There have been allegations of doping in the Tour de France since the race began in 1903.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Early Tour riders consumed alcohol and used ether, among other substances, as a means of dulling the pain of competing in endurance cycling.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Riders began using substances as a means of increasing performance rather than dulling the senses, and organizing bodies such as the \"Tour\" and the International Cycling Union (UCI), as well as government bodies, enacted policies to combat the practice.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Use of performance-enhancing drugs in cycling predates the Tour de France.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Cycling, having been from the start a sport of extremes, whether of speed by being paced by tandems, motorcycles and even cars, or of distance, the suffering involved encouraged the means to alleviate it." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour de France () is an annual multiple stage bicycle race primarily held in France, while also occasionally making passes through nearby countries.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Like the other Grand Tours (the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a España), it consists of 21 stages over a little more than 3 weeks.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race was first organized in 1903 to increase sales for the newspaper \"L'Auto\"; which is currently run by the Amaury Sport Organisation.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1903 except when it was stopped for the two World Wars.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ As the Tour gained prominence and popularity, the race was lengthened and its reach began to extend around the globe.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Participation expanded from a primarily French field, as riders from all over the world began to participate in the race each year.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour is a UCI World Tour event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly UCI WorldTeams, with the exception of the teams that the organizers invite.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Traditionally, the race is held primarily in the month of July.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ While the route changes each year, the format of the race stays the same with the appearance of time trials, the passage through the mountain chains of the Pyrenees and the Alps, and the finish on the Champs-Élysées in Paris.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Lance Edward Armstrong (born Lance Edward Gunderson on September 18, 1971) is an American former professional road racing cyclist.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Armstrong is the 1993 professional world champion, and won the Tour de France a record seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ However, in 2012, he was banned from sanctioned Olympic sports for life as a result of long-term doping offenses.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ As part of those sanctions, all results going back to August 1998, including his seven Tour wins, were voided.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ At age 16, Armstrong began competing as a triathlete and was a national sprint-course triathlon champion in 1989 and 1990.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ Team Sky () is a British professional cycling team that competes in the UCI World Tour.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ The team is based at the National Cycling Centre in Manchester, England, with a logistics base in Deinze, Belgium and an operational base in Quarrata, Italy.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ The team is managed by British Cycling's former performance director Sir Dave Brailsford.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ Team Sky launched in 2010 with the ambition of winning the Tour de France with a British rider within five years, a goal achieved within just three years when Bradley Wiggins won the 2012 Tour de France, becoming the first British winner in its history, while teammate and fellow Briton Chris Froome finished as the runner up and then went on to win the 2013 Tour de France, thereby achieving Team Sky's primary aim twice over within the original five-year time period.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ Alberto Contador Velasco (; born 6 December 1982) is a Spanish former professional cyclist.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of the most successful riders of his era, winning the Tour de France twice (2007, 2009), the Giro d'Italia twice (2008, 2015), and the Vuelta a España three times (2008, 2012, 2014).", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of only six riders to have won all three Grand Tours of cycling.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He has also won the Velo d'Or a record 4 times.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He was regarded as the natural successor of Lance Armstrong and won the 2007 Tour de France with the team.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ During his time at the Astana team, he won the 2008 Giro d'Italia, the 2008 Vuelta a España and the 2009 Tour de France.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ Mark Simon Cavendish (born 21 May 1985) is a British professional road racing cyclist who currently rides for UCI ProTeam .", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ As a track cyclist he specialises in the madison, points race, and scratch race disciplines and as a road racer he is a sprinter.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ In his first years as an elite track rider, Cavendish won gold in the madison at the 2005 and 2008 world championships riding for Great Britain, with Rob Hayles and Bradley Wiggins respectively, and in the scratch race at the 2006 Commonwealth Games riding for Isle of Man.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ After not winning a medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics he did not compete on track until 2015, subsequently winning with Wiggins in 2016 a third world championship title in the madison, and individually a silver medal in the Omnium at the 2016 Summer Olympics.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ There have been allegations of doping in the Tour de France since the race began in 1903.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Early Tour riders consumed alcohol and used ether, among other substances, as a means of dulling the pain of competing in endurance cycling.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Riders began using substances as a means of increasing performance rather than dulling the senses, and organizing bodies such as the \"Tour\" and the International Cycling Union (UCI), as well as government bodies, enacted policies to combat the practice.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Use of performance-enhancing drugs in cycling predates the Tour de France.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Cycling, having been from the start a sport of extremes, whether of speed by being paced by tandems, motorcycles and even cars, or of distance, the suffering involved encouraged the means to alleviate it.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ Sir Bradley Marc Wiggins, CBE (born 28 April 1980) is a British former professional road and track racing cyclist, who competed professionally between 2001 and 2016.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Wiggo\", he began his cycling career on the track, but has made the transition to road cycling and is one of the few cyclists to gain significant elite level success in both those forms of professional cycling.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ He is the only rider to have combined winning both World and Olympic championships on both the track and the road, as well as winning the Tour de France, and holding the iconic track hour record.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ In addition, he has worn the leader's jersey in each of the three Grand Tours of cycling and as of 2016 holds the world record in team pursuit.", "History of the Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ The Giro d'Italia (; ) is an annual stage race bicycle race primarily held in Italy, while also occasionally passing through nearby countries.", "History of the Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ The race was first organized in 1909 to increase sales of the newspaper \"La Gazzetta dello Sport\"; however it is currently run by RCS Sport.", "History of the Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1909, except when it was stopped for the two world wars.", "History of the Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ As the Giro gained prominence and popularity the race was lengthened, and the peloton expanded from primarily Italian participation to riders from all over the world.", "History of the Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ The first edition of the race was won by Italian Luigi Ganna who had the fewest total points at the end of the race; the same format was used for the next two years and also resulted in an Italian cyclist winning.", "Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ The Giro d'Italia (; ; aka the Giro) is an annual multiple-stage bicycle race primarily held in Italy, while also occasionally passing through nearby countries.", "Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ The first race was organized in 1909 to increase sales of the newspaper \"La Gazzetta dello Sport\"; however it is currently run by RCS Sport.", "Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1909, except when it was stopped for the two world wars.", "Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ As the Giro gained prominence and popularity the race was lengthened, and the peloton expanded from primarily Italian participation to riders from all over the world.", "Giro d'Italia __knowledge__ The Giro is a UCI World Tour event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly UCI ProTeams, with the exception of the teams that the organizers can invite.", "Eddy Merckx __knowledge__ Édouard Louis Joseph, baron Merckx (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɛrks]) (born 17 June 1945), better known as Eddy Merckx, is a Belgian former professional road and track bicycle racer who is widely seen as the most successful rider in the history of competitive cycling.", "Eddy Merckx __knowledge__ His victories include an unequalled eleven Grand Tours (five Tours of France, five Tours of Italy, and a Tour of Spain), all of the five Monuments, three World Championships, the Hour Record, every major one-day race other than Paris-Tours, and extensive victories on the track.", "Eddy Merckx __knowledge__ Born in Meensel-Kiezegem, Brabant, Belgium, he grew up in Woluwe-Saint-Pierre where his parents ran a grocery store.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic in horses is defined as abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The term colic can encompass all forms of gastrointestinal conditions which cause pain as well as other causes of abdominal pain not involving the gastrointestinal tract.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The most common forms of colic are gastrointestinal in nature and are most often related to colonic disturbance.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ There are a variety of different causes of colic, some of which can prove fatal without surgical intervention.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic surgery is usually an expensive procedure as it is major abdominal surgery, often with intensive aftercare.", "Road bicycle racing __knowledge__ Road bicycle racing is the cycle sport discipline of road cycling, held on paved roads.", "Road bicycle racing __knowledge__ Road racing is the most popular professional form of bicycle racing, in terms of numbers of competitors, events and spectators.", "Road bicycle racing __knowledge__ The two most common competition formats are mass start events, where riders start simultaneously (though sometimes with a handicap) and race to set finish point; and time trials, where individual riders or teams race a course alone against the clock.", "Road bicycle racing __knowledge__ Stage races or \"tours\" take multiple days, and consist of several mass-start or time-trial stages ridden consecutively.", "Road bicycle racing __knowledge__ Professional racing has been most popular in Western Europe, centered historically on France, Spain, Italy and the Low Countries.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ BMX racing is a type of off-road bicycle racing.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The format of BMX was derived from motocross racing.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ BMX bicycle races are sprint races on purpose-built off-road single-lap race tracks.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The track usually consists of a starting gate for up to eight racers, a groomed, serpentine, dirt race course made of various jumps and rollers and a finish line.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The course is usually flat, about wide and has large banked corners that help the riders maintain speed.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ The sport of BMX racing is facilitated by a number of regional and international sanctioning bodies.", "BMX racing __knowledge__ They provide rules for sanctioning the conduct of the flying, specify age group and skill-level classifications among the racers, and maintain some kind of points-accumulation system over the racing season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour de France () is an annual multiple stage bicycle race primarily held in France, while also occasionally making passes through nearby countries.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Like the other Grand Tours (the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a España), it consists of 21 stages over a little more than 3 weeks.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race was first organized in 1903 to increase sales for the newspaper \"L'Auto\"; which is currently run by the Amaury Sport Organisation.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1903 except when it was stopped for the two World Wars.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ As the Tour gained prominence and popularity, the race was lengthened and its reach began to extend around the globe.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Participation expanded from a primarily French field, as riders from all over the world began to participate in the race each year.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour is a UCI World Tour event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly UCI WorldTeams, with the exception of the teams that the organizers invite.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Traditionally, the race is held primarily in the month of July.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ While the route changes each year, the format of the race stays the same with the appearance of time trials, the passage through the mountain chains of the Pyrenees and the Alps, and the finish on the Champs-Élysées in Paris.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ Alberto Contador Velasco (; born 6 December 1982) is a Spanish former professional cyclist.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of the most successful riders of his era, winning the Tour de France twice (2007, 2009), the Giro d'Italia twice (2008, 2015), and the Vuelta a España three times (2008, 2012, 2014).", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of only six riders to have won all three Grand Tours of cycling.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He has also won the Velo d'Or a record 4 times.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He was regarded as the natural successor of Lance Armstrong and won the 2007 Tour de France with the team.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ During his time at the Astana team, he won the 2008 Giro d'Italia, the 2008 Vuelta a España and the 2009 Tour de France.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ Team Sky () is a British professional cycling team that competes in the UCI World Tour.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ The team is based at the National Cycling Centre in Manchester, England, with a logistics base in Deinze, Belgium and an operational base in Quarrata, Italy.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ The team is managed by British Cycling's former performance director Sir Dave Brailsford.", "Team Sky __knowledge__ Team Sky launched in 2010 with the ambition of winning the Tour de France with a British rider within five years, a goal achieved within just three years when Bradley Wiggins won the 2012 Tour de France, becoming the first British winner in its history, while teammate and fellow Briton Chris Froome finished as the runner up and then went on to win the 2013 Tour de France, thereby achieving Team Sky's primary aim twice over within the original five-year time period.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ Mark Simon Cavendish (born 21 May 1985) is a British professional road racing cyclist who currently rides for UCI ProTeam .", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ As a track cyclist he specialises in the madison, points race, and scratch race disciplines and as a road racer he is a sprinter.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ In his first years as an elite track rider, Cavendish won gold in the madison at the 2005 and 2008 world championships riding for Great Britain, with Rob Hayles and Bradley Wiggins respectively, and in the scratch race at the 2006 Commonwealth Games riding for Isle of Man.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ After not winning a medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics he did not compete on track until 2015, subsequently winning with Wiggins in 2016 a third world championship title in the madison, and individually a silver medal in the Omnium at the 2016 Summer Olympics.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Lance Edward Armstrong (born Lance Edward Gunderson on September 18, 1971) is an American former professional road racing cyclist.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Armstrong is the 1993 professional world champion, and won the Tour de France a record seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ However, in 2012, he was banned from sanctioned Olympic sports for life as a result of long-term doping offenses.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ As part of those sanctions, all results going back to August 1998, including his seven Tour wins, were voided.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ At age 16, Armstrong began competing as a triathlete and was a national sprint-course triathlon champion in 1989 and 1990.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ Sir Bradley Marc Wiggins, CBE (born 28 April 1980) is a British former professional road and track racing cyclist, who competed professionally between 2001 and 2016.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Wiggo\", he began his cycling career on the track, but has made the transition to road cycling and is one of the few cyclists to gain significant elite level success in both those forms of professional cycling.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ He is the only rider to have combined winning both World and Olympic championships on both the track and the road, as well as winning the Tour de France, and holding the iconic track hour record.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ In addition, he has worn the leader's jersey in each of the three Grand Tours of cycling and as of 2016 holds the world record in team pursuit.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ There have been allegations of doping in the Tour de France since the race began in 1903.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Early Tour riders consumed alcohol and used ether, among other substances, as a means of dulling the pain of competing in endurance cycling.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Riders began using substances as a means of increasing performance rather than dulling the senses, and organizing bodies such as the \"Tour\" and the International Cycling Union (UCI), as well as government bodies, enacted policies to combat the practice.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Use of performance-enhancing drugs in cycling predates the Tour de France.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Cycling, having been from the start a sport of extremes, whether of speed by being paced by tandems, motorcycles and even cars, or of distance, the suffering involved encouraged the means to alleviate it.", "World Series __knowledge__ The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) in North America, contested since 1903 between the American League (AL) champion team and the National League (NL) champion team.", "World Series __knowledge__ The winner of the World Series championship is determined through a best-of-seven playoff, and the winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.", "World Series __knowledge__ As the series is played during the fall season in North America, it is sometimes referred to as the Fall Classic.", "World Series __knowledge__ Prior to 1969, the team with the best regular season win-loss record in each league automatically advanced to the World Series; since then each league has conducted a championship series (ALCS and NLCS) preceding the World Series to determine which teams will advance.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ He is also known by his real name, Haruhisa Handa, in the Western World, while he uses principally as his artistic name in Asia, including Japan, China and Cambodia.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ \"Toshu\" in Japanese means Asia or Japan which is located in the eastern area when the world was deemed as one nation.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ As recorded in the ancient record, of \"Sange-gakushoshiki\" (The Regulations for Students of the Mountain School), written by Saichō who was a Japanese Buddhist monk credited with founding the Tendai, where the word \"Toshu\" was used to signify Japan.", "Haruhisa Handa __knowledge__ In addition he also uses the pen name as the president of his theater company and for his literary activities as a novelist and poet etc.", "Democratic peace theory __knowledge__ Democratic peace theory is a theory which posits that democracies are hesitant to engage in armed conflict with other identified democracies.", "Democratic peace theory __knowledge__ In contrast to theories explaining war engagement, it is a \"theory of peace\" outlining motives that dissuade state-sponsored violence.", "Democratic peace theory __knowledge__ Some theorists prefer terms such as \"mutual democratic pacifism\" or \"inter-democracy nonaggression hypothesis\" so as to clarify that a state of peace is not singular to democracies, but rather that it is easily sustained between democratic nations.", "Democratic peace theory __knowledge__ Among proponents of the democratic peace theory, several factors are held as motivating peace between democratic states: Those who dispute this theory often do so on grounds that it conflates correlation with causation, and that the academic definitions of 'democracy' and 'war' can be manipulated so as to manufacture an artificial trend.", "Pride parade __knowledge__ Pride parades (also known as pride marches, pride events, and pride festivals) are events celebrating lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) culture and pride.", "Pride parade __knowledge__ The events also at times serve as demonstrations for legal rights such as same-sex marriage.", "Pride parade __knowledge__ Most pride events occur annually, and many take place around June to commemorate the 1969 Stonewall riots in New York City, a pivotal moment in modern LGBT social movements.", "Pride parade __knowledge__ Early on the morning of Saturday June 28, 1969, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons rioted following a police raid on the Stonewall Inn in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of New York City.", "France __knowledge__ France (), officially the French Republic (, ), is a country whose territory consists of metropolitan France in western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.", "France __knowledge__ The metropolitan area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean.", "France __knowledge__ The overseas territories include French Guiana in South America and several islands in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans.", "France __knowledge__ The country's 18 integral regions (five of which are situated overseas) span a combined area of which, as of October 2017, has a population of 67.15 million people.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden ( ; ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It borders Norway to the west and north and Finland to the east, and is connected to Denmark in the southwest by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.", "Sweden __knowledge__ At , Sweden is the third-largest country in the European Union by area.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Sweden has a total population of 10 million of which 2.3 million has a foreign background.", "Sweden __knowledge__ It has a low population density of ; the highest concentration is in the southern half of the country.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the population lives in urban areas.", "Sweden __knowledge__ Germanic peoples have inhabited Sweden since prehistoric times, emerging into history as the Geats (Swedish Götar) and Swedes (Svear) and constituting the sea peoples known as the Norsemen." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour de France () is an annual multiple stage bicycle race primarily held in France, while also occasionally making passes through nearby countries.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Like the other Grand Tours (the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a España), it consists of 21 stages over a little more than 3 weeks.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race was first organized in 1903 to increase sales for the newspaper \"L'Auto\"; which is currently run by the Amaury Sport Organisation.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1903 except when it was stopped for the two World Wars.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ As the Tour gained prominence and popularity, the race was lengthened and its reach began to extend around the globe.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Participation expanded from a primarily French field, as riders from all over the world began to participate in the race each year.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour is a UCI World Tour event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly UCI WorldTeams, with the exception of the teams that the organizers invite.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Traditionally, the race is held primarily in the month of July.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ While the route changes each year, the format of the race stays the same with the appearance of time trials, the passage through the mountain chains of the Pyrenees and the Alps, and the finish on the Champs-Élysées in Paris.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Lance Edward Armstrong (born Lance Edward Gunderson on September 18, 1971) is an American former professional road racing cyclist.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Armstrong is the 1993 professional world champion, and won the Tour de France a record seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ However, in 2012, he was banned from sanctioned Olympic sports for life as a result of long-term doping offenses.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ As part of those sanctions, all results going back to August 1998, including his seven Tour wins, were voided.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ At age 16, Armstrong began competing as a triathlete and was a national sprint-course triathlon champion in 1989 and 1990.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ Alberto Contador Velasco (; born 6 December 1982) is a Spanish former professional cyclist.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of the most successful riders of his era, winning the Tour de France twice (2007, 2009), the Giro d'Italia twice (2008, 2015), and the Vuelta a España three times (2008, 2012, 2014).", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of only six riders to have won all three Grand Tours of cycling.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He has also won the Velo d'Or a record 4 times.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He was regarded as the natural successor of Lance Armstrong and won the 2007 Tour de France with the team.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ During his time at the Astana team, he won the 2008 Giro d'Italia, the 2008 Vuelta a España and the 2009 Tour de France.", "History of Lance Armstrong doping allegations __knowledge__ For much of the second phase of his career, Cyclist Lance Armstrong faced constant allegations of doping.", "History of Lance Armstrong doping allegations __knowledge__ Armstrong consistently denied allegations of doping until a partial confession during a broadcast interview with Oprah Winfrey in January 2013.", "History of Lance Armstrong doping allegations __knowledge__ Armstrong has been criticized for his disagreements with outspoken opponents of doping such as Paul Kimmage and Christophe Bassons.", "History of Lance Armstrong doping allegations __knowledge__ Bassons wrote a number of articles for a French newspaper during the 1999 Tour de France which made references to doping in the peloton.", "History of Lance Armstrong doping allegations __knowledge__ Subsequently, Armstrong had an altercation with Bassons during the 1999 Tour de France where Bassons said Armstrong rode up alongside on the Alpe d'Huez stage to tell him \"it was a mistake to speak out the way I (Bassons) do and he (Armstrong) asked why I was doing it.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ There have been allegations of doping in the Tour de France since the race began in 1903.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Early Tour riders consumed alcohol and used ether, among other substances, as a means of dulling the pain of competing in endurance cycling.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Riders began using substances as a means of increasing performance rather than dulling the senses, and organizing bodies such as the \"Tour\" and the International Cycling Union (UCI), as well as government bodies, enacted policies to combat the practice.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Use of performance-enhancing drugs in cycling predates the Tour de France.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Cycling, having been from the start a sport of extremes, whether of speed by being paced by tandems, motorcycles and even cars, or of distance, the suffering involved encouraged the means to alleviate it.", "Greg LeMond __knowledge__ Gregory James \"Greg\" LeMond (born June 26, 1961) is an American former professional road racing cyclist who won the Road Race World Championship twice (1983 and 1989) and the Tour de France three times (1986, 1989 and 1990).", "Greg LeMond __knowledge__ He is also an entrepreneur and anti-doping advocate.", "Greg LeMond __knowledge__ LeMond was born in Lakewood, California, and raised in ranch country on the eastern slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, near Reno.", "Greg LeMond __knowledge__ He is married and has three children with his wife Kathy, with whom he supports a variety of charitable causes and organizations.", "Greg LeMond __knowledge__ In 1986, LeMond became the first non-European professional cyclist to win the Tour de France, and he remains the only American cyclist to have won the Tour.", "Lance Armstrong doping case __knowledge__ The Lance Armstrong doping case was a doping investigation that led to American former professional road racing cyclist Lance Armstrong being stripped of his seven Tour de France titles and his eventual admission to the doping.", "Lance Armstrong doping case __knowledge__ For much of his career, Lance Armstrong faced persistent allegations of doping, but until 2006 no official investigation was undertaken.", "Lance Armstrong doping case __knowledge__ The first break in the case came in 2004, when SCA Promotions, a Dallas-based insurer, balked at paying a $5 million bonus to Armstrong for winning his sixth consecutive Tour.", "Lance Armstrong doping case __knowledge__ SCA president Bob Hamman had read \"L.A. Confidentiel\", a book by cycling journalists Pierre Ballester and David Walsh which detailed circumstantial evidence of massive doping by Armstrong and members of his U.S.", "Henri Desgrange __knowledge__ Henri Desgrange (31 January 1865, Paris – 16 August 1940, Beauvallon) was a French bicycle racer and sports journalist.", "Henri Desgrange __knowledge__ He set 12 world track cycling records, including the hour record of 35.325 kilometres on 11 May 1893.", "Henri Desgrange __knowledge__ He was the first organiser of the Tour de France.", "Henri Desgrange __knowledge__ Henri Desgrange was born into a comfortably prosperous middle-class family living in Paris.", "Henri Desgrange __knowledge__ His twin brother, Georges Desgrange, was later described as having \"the air of a defrocked monk\" and as \"totally devoid of all ambition\".", "Henri Desgrange __knowledge__ Desgrange worked as a clerk at the Depeux-Dumesnil law office near the Place de Clichy in Paris and may have qualified as a lawyer.", "Market penetration __knowledge__ Market penetration refers to the successful selling of a product or service in a specific market.", "Market penetration __knowledge__ It is measured by the amount of sales volume of an existing good or service compared to the total target market for that product or service.", "Market penetration __knowledge__ Market penetration is the key performance metric for a business growth strategy stemming from the Ansoff Matrix (Richardson, M., & Evans, C. (2007).", "Market penetration __knowledge__ H. Igor Ansoff first devised and published The Ansoff Matrix in the \"Harvard Business Review\" in 1957, within an article titled \"Strategies for Diversification\".", "Market penetration __knowledge__ The grid/matrix is utilized across businesses to help evaluate and determine the next stages the company must take in order to grow, and the risks associated with the chosen strategy.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi AG () is a German automobile manufacturer that designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes luxury vehicles.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi is a member of the Volkswagen Group and has its roots at Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany.", "Audi __knowledge__ Audi-branded vehicles are produced in nine production facilities worldwide.", "Audi __knowledge__ The origins of the company are complex, going back to the early 20th century and the initial enterprises (Horch and the \"Audiwerke\") founded by engineer August Horch; and two other manufacturers (DKW and Wanderer), leading to the foundation of Auto Union in 1932.", "Audi __knowledge__ The modern era of Audi essentially began in the 1960s when Auto Union was acquired by Volkswagen from Daimler-Benz.", "2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series __knowledge__ The 2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series began on February 16 at Daytona International Speedway with the Camping World 300, and ended on November 15 at Homestead-Miami Speedway with the Ford 300.", "2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series __knowledge__ This was the first season in which NASCAR's second-tier series was known as the Nationwide Series, ending the 26-year sponsorship by Anheuser-Busch's Busch Beer.", "2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series __knowledge__ The seven-year agreement gives Nationwide Insurance the exclusive rights to tie its brand to NASCAR's second most popular racing series.", "2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series __knowledge__ The following table shows the 2008 schedule published by NASCAR.", "2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series __knowledge__ ♣ — Race ran at night, or started in the late afternoon and finished at night.", "Nissan Leaf __knowledge__ The Nissan Leaf is a compact five-door hatchback electric car manufactured by Nissan and introduced in Japan and the United States in December 2010, followed by various European countries and Canada in 2011.", "Nissan Leaf __knowledge__ The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) official range for the 2016 model year Leaf with the 30 kWh battery is on a full battery charge, while the trim with the smaller 24 kWh battery is , the same as the 2014/15 model year.", "Nissan Leaf __knowledge__ Leaf battery packs can be charged from fully discharged to 80% capacity in about 30 minutes using DC fast charging.", "Nissan Leaf __knowledge__ More than 300,000 Leafs have been sold worldwide through January 2018, making the Leaf the world's all-time best-selling highway-capable electric car in history.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Celebrity branding or celebrity endorsement is a form of advertising campaign or marketing strategy used by brands, companies, or a non-profit organization which involves celebrities or a well-known person using their social status or their fame to help promote a product, service or even raise awareness on environmental or social matters.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Marketers use celebrity endorsers in hopes that the positive images of the celebrity endorser of the brand will also be passed on to the products or the brand image associated with the celebrities.", "Celebrity branding __knowledge__ Celebrity endorsement is usually commonly used by fashion or beauty brands, but a non-profit organization relies on celebrities as well, as celebrities have mass communication skills which can attract people's attention and is helpful in reaching a wider audience to raise their awareness towards a certain organization or an issue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour de France () is an annual multiple stage bicycle race primarily held in France, while also occasionally making passes through nearby countries.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Like the other Grand Tours (the Giro d'Italia and the Vuelta a España), it consists of 21 stages over a little more than 3 weeks.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race was first organized in 1903 to increase sales for the newspaper \"L'Auto\"; which is currently run by the Amaury Sport Organisation.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The race has been held annually since its first edition in 1903 except when it was stopped for the two World Wars.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ As the Tour gained prominence and popularity, the race was lengthened and its reach began to extend around the globe.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Participation expanded from a primarily French field, as riders from all over the world began to participate in the race each year.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ The Tour is a UCI World Tour event, which means that the teams that compete in the race are mostly UCI WorldTeams, with the exception of the teams that the organizers invite.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ Traditionally, the race is held primarily in the month of July.", "Tour de France __knowledge__ While the route changes each year, the format of the race stays the same with the appearance of time trials, the passage through the mountain chains of the Pyrenees and the Alps, and the finish on the Champs-Élysées in Paris.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Lance Edward Armstrong (born Lance Edward Gunderson on September 18, 1971) is an American former professional road racing cyclist.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ Armstrong is the 1993 professional world champion, and won the Tour de France a record seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ However, in 2012, he was banned from sanctioned Olympic sports for life as a result of long-term doping offenses.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ As part of those sanctions, all results going back to August 1998, including his seven Tour wins, were voided.", "Lance Armstrong __knowledge__ At age 16, Armstrong began competing as a triathlete and was a national sprint-course triathlon champion in 1989 and 1990.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ Sir Bradley Marc Wiggins, CBE (born 28 April 1980) is a British former professional road and track racing cyclist, who competed professionally between 2001 and 2016.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ Nicknamed \"Wiggo\", he began his cycling career on the track, but has made the transition to road cycling and is one of the few cyclists to gain significant elite level success in both those forms of professional cycling.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ He is the only rider to have combined winning both World and Olympic championships on both the track and the road, as well as winning the Tour de France, and holding the iconic track hour record.", "Bradley Wiggins __knowledge__ In addition, he has worn the leader's jersey in each of the three Grand Tours of cycling and as of 2016 holds the world record in team pursuit.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ Mark Simon Cavendish (born 21 May 1985) is a British professional road racing cyclist who currently rides for UCI ProTeam .", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ As a track cyclist he specialises in the madison, points race, and scratch race disciplines and as a road racer he is a sprinter.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ In his first years as an elite track rider, Cavendish won gold in the madison at the 2005 and 2008 world championships riding for Great Britain, with Rob Hayles and Bradley Wiggins respectively, and in the scratch race at the 2006 Commonwealth Games riding for Isle of Man.", "Mark Cavendish __knowledge__ After not winning a medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics he did not compete on track until 2015, subsequently winning with Wiggins in 2016 a third world championship title in the madison, and individually a silver medal in the Omnium at the 2016 Summer Olympics.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ Alberto Contador Velasco (; born 6 December 1982) is a Spanish former professional cyclist.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of the most successful riders of his era, winning the Tour de France twice (2007, 2009), the Giro d'Italia twice (2008, 2015), and the Vuelta a España three times (2008, 2012, 2014).", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He is one of only six riders to have won all three Grand Tours of cycling.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He has also won the Velo d'Or a record 4 times.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ He was regarded as the natural successor of Lance Armstrong and won the 2007 Tour de France with the team.", "Alberto Contador __knowledge__ During his time at the Astana team, he won the 2008 Giro d'Italia, the 2008 Vuelta a España and the 2009 Tour de France.", "Jacques Anquetil __knowledge__ Jacques Anquetil (; 8 January 1934 – 18 November 1987) was a French road racing cyclist and the first cyclist to win the Tour de France five times, in 1957 and from 1961 to 1964.", "Jacques Anquetil __knowledge__ He stated before the 1961 Tour that he would gain the yellow jersey on day one and wear it all through the tour, a tall order with two previous winners in the field—Charly Gaul and Federico Bahamontes—but he did it.", "Jacques Anquetil __knowledge__ His victories in stage races such as the Tour were built on an exceptional ability to ride alone against the clock in individual time trial stages, which lent him the name \"Monsieur Chrono\".", "Jacques Anquetil __knowledge__ Anquetil was the son of a builder in Mont-Saint-Aignan, in the hills above Rouen in Normandy, north-west France.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ There have been allegations of doping in the Tour de France since the race began in 1903.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Early Tour riders consumed alcohol and used ether, among other substances, as a means of dulling the pain of competing in endurance cycling.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Riders began using substances as a means of increasing performance rather than dulling the senses, and organizing bodies such as the \"Tour\" and the International Cycling Union (UCI), as well as government bodies, enacted policies to combat the practice.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Use of performance-enhancing drugs in cycling predates the Tour de France.", "Doping at the Tour de France __knowledge__ Cycling, having been from the start a sport of extremes, whether of speed by being paced by tandems, motorcycles and even cars, or of distance, the suffering involved encouraged the means to alleviate it.", "Ronnie O'Sullivan __knowledge__ Ronald Antonio O'Sullivan (born 5 December 1975) is an English professional snooker player.", "Ronnie O'Sullivan __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the greatest snooker players of all time, he is considered by many to be the most naturally talented player in the history of the sport and has been described by many in the sport as a genius.", "Ronnie O'Sullivan __knowledge__ He is noted for his rapid playing style, mercurial temperament, and his ambivalent relationship with the sport, from which he has taken prolonged sabbaticals and repeatedly threatened to retire.", "Ronnie O'Sullivan __knowledge__ Despite being naturally right-handed, he regularly cues with his left hand when required, allowing him to take shots that would otherwise require awkward cueing with a or .", "Tyson Gay __knowledge__ Tyson Gay (born August 9, 1982) is an American track and field sprinter who competes in the 100 and 200 meters dash.", "Tyson Gay __knowledge__ His 100 m personal best of 9.69 seconds is the American record and makes him tied for the second fastest athlete ever.", "Tyson Gay __knowledge__ His 200 m time of 19.58 makes him the sixth fastest athlete in that event.", "Tyson Gay __knowledge__ He has since received a one-year ban for doping.", "Tyson Gay __knowledge__ Gay has won numerous medals in major international competitions, including a gold medal sweep of the 100 m, 200 m and 4 × 100 m relay at the 2007 Osaka World Championships.", "Tyson Gay __knowledge__ This made him the second man to win all three events at the same World Championships, after Maurice Greene (Usain Bolt duplicated the feat two years later).", "Drew Brees __knowledge__ Drew Christopher Brees (;) (born January 15, 1979) is an American football quarterback for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL).", "Drew Brees __knowledge__ After a prolific college football career at Purdue University, he was chosen by the San Diego Chargers with the first pick in the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft.", "Drew Brees __knowledge__ He left college as one of the most decorated players in Purdue and Big Ten Conference history, establishing two NCAA records, 13 Big Ten Conference records, and 19 Purdue University records.", "Drew Brees __knowledge__ As of 2017, he remains the Big Ten record-holder in several passing categories, including completions (1,026), attempts (1,678), and yards (11,792).", "Ichiro Suzuki __knowledge__ , often referred to mononymously as , is a Japanese professional baseball outfielder who is a free agent.", "Ichiro Suzuki __knowledge__ With 26 seasons combined in top-level professional leagues, he has spent the bulk of his career with two teams: nine seasons with the Orix Blue Wave of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) in Japan, where he began his career, and 12 with the Seattle Mariners of Major League Baseball (MLB) in the United States.", "Ichiro Suzuki __knowledge__ After playing for the Mariners, he played two and a half seasons in MLB with the New York Yankees before signing with the Miami Marlins.", "Ichiro Suzuki __knowledge__ Ichiro has established a number of batting records, including MLB's single-season record for hits with 262.", "Usain Bolt __knowledge__ Usain St Leo Bolt (; born 21 August 1986) is a retired Jamaican sprinter.", "Usain Bolt __knowledge__ He is the first person to hold both the 100 metres and 200 metres world records since fully automatic time became mandatory.", "Usain Bolt __knowledge__ He also holds the world record as a part of the 4 × 100 metres relay.", "Usain Bolt __knowledge__ He is the reigning Olympic champion in these three events.", "Usain Bolt __knowledge__ Due to his dominance and achievements in sprint competition, he is widely considered to be the greatest sprinter of all time.", "Usain Bolt __knowledge__ An eight-time Olympic gold medalist, Bolt won the 100 m, 200 m and 4 × 100 m relay at three consecutive Olympic Games, although he subsequently forfeited one of the gold medals (as well as the world record set therein) nine years after the fact due to a teammate's disqualification for doping offences.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ The 2017 St. Louis Cardinals season was the 136th for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB), a franchise in St. Louis, Missouri.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ It was the 126th season for the Cardinals in the National League (NL), and their 12th at Busch Stadium III.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ For the first time since the 2007-2008 seasons, the Cardinals missed the playoffs in consecutive years, with a September 28 loss, in 2016-2017.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ Major League Baseball and the Players' Association reached a new, tentative CBA contract to reduce the 15-day disabled list timetable to 10-days.", "2017 St. Louis Cardinals season __knowledge__ This change will allow teams to make quicker decisions on whether to bring up a roster replacement rather than wait to see if the injured player would be ready to return to action in less than two weeks." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 3, 11, 5 ]

[ "It is a bicycle race completed in multiple stages - it is held in France, though the bikers sometimes pass through countries that are nearby", "I'm not too sure, but I do find it interesting that it has been held every year since 1903, except for when the two World Wars were going on.", "The race came to be as a method to increase sales for the newspaper \"L'Auto\"", "I don't know if Lance was the fastest ever, but he did win a record seven consecutive times from 1999 to 2005.", "I believe it is over 3,500 kilometres - over the years the distance has lengthened and its reach began to extend around the globe" ]

[ "Tour de France", "Tour de France", "Tour de France", "Tour de France", "Tour de France" ]

[ "Drawing\nI love art. Drawing particularly. It helps me relax but also imagine a different life.", "How awesome. Do you draw? ", "Grab a pencil. Remember art is in the eye of the beholder. ", "I prefer charcoal and thick paper. It add's an element of shading that can not be matched. ", "I do some leather drawing and then I etch into the leather. Most horse saddles or stuff for the Renn fair " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch.", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ \"Relax\" is the debut single by Frankie Goes to Hollywood, released in the United Kingdom by ZTT Records in 1983.", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ The song was later included on the album \"Welcome to the Pleasuredome\" (1984).", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ Although fairly inauspicious upon initial release, \"Relax\" finally reached number one on the UK singles chart on 22 January 1984, ultimately becoming one of the most controversial and most commercially successful records of the decade.", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ The single eventually sold a reported 2 million copies in the UK alone, making it the seventh best-selling single in the UK Singles Chart's history.", "Relax (song) __knowledge__ Following the release of the group's second single, \"Two Tribes\", \"Relax\" rallied from a declining UK chart position during June 1984 to climb back up the UK charts and re-attain number-two spot behind \"Two Tribes\" at number one, representing simultaneous chart success by a single act, unprecedented since the early 1960s.", "History of Asian art __knowledge__ The history of Asian art or Eastern art, includes a vast range of influences from various cultures and religions.", "History of Asian art __knowledge__ Developments in Asian art historically parallel those in Western art, in general a few centuries earlier.", "History of Asian art __knowledge__ Chinese art, Indian art, Korean art, Japanese art, each had significant influence on Western art, and, vice versa.", "History of Asian art __knowledge__ Near Eastern art also had a significant influence on Western art.", "History of Asian art __knowledge__ Excluding prehistoric art, the art of Mesopotamia represents the oldest forms of Asian art.", "History of Asian art __knowledge__ Buddhist art originated in the Indian subcontinent in the centuries following the life of the historical Gautama Buddha in the 6th to 5th century BCE, before evolving through its contact with other cultures and its diffusion through the rest of Asia and the world.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ Imagine Dragons is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, consisting of lead vocalist Dan Reynolds, lead guitarist Wayne Sermon, bassist and keyboardist Ben McKee, and drummer Daniel Platzman.", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ The band first gained exposure with the release of single \"It's Time\", followed by their award-winning debut studio album \"Night Visions\" (2012), which resulted in the chart topping singles \"Radioactive\" and \"Demons\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Billboard\" placed them at the top of their \"Year In Rock\" rankings for 2013 and 2017 and named them their \"Breakthrough Band of 2013\".", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ and \"Biggest Band of 2017.\"", "Imagine Dragons __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" named their single \"Radioactive\", which holds the record for most weeks on the Hot 100, from \"Night Visions\" the \"biggest rock hit of the year\", and MTV called them \"the year's biggest breakout band\".", "African art __knowledge__ African art describes the modern and historical paintings, sculptures, installations, and other visual culture from native or indigenous Africans and the African continent.", "African art __knowledge__ The definition may also include the art of the native African, African diasporas, such as African American, Caribbean and other American art.", "African art __knowledge__ Despite this diversity, there are some unifying artistic themes when considering the totality of the visual culture from the continent of Africa.", "African art __knowledge__ Masquerade, metalwork, sculpture, architecture, fiber art, and dance are important art forms across Africa and may be included in the study of African art.", "Be an Interplanetary Spy __knowledge__ Be An Interplanetary Spy is a series of twelve interactive children's science fiction books designed by Byron Preiss Visual Publications and first published by Bantam Books from 1983 to 1985.", "Be an Interplanetary Spy __knowledge__ Aimed at younger readers, these books were published in paperback form only, with brightly coloured covers and were heavily illustrated in black and white throughout.", "Be an Interplanetary Spy __knowledge__ Unlike other series of interactive novels such as Choose Your Own Adventure stories or Fighting Fantasy gamebooks, each Interplanetary Spy book is made up largely of illustrations in a style that mixes comic book-like line drawings with blocky, straight edge illustrations matching the graphical quality of video games from the time of publication.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters from the \"Forgotten Realms\" campaign setting for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Most of these characters have appeared in the multiple series of novels set in the \"Forgotten Realms\".", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Many have some magical abilities.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Aballister Bonaduce is the nemesis of his son Cadderly Bonaduce, the main character of R.A. Salvatore's The Cleric Quintet.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Calculating, cold, and merciless, Aballister is determined to complete his conquest of the region.", "List of Forgotten Realms characters __knowledge__ Guided by the goddess Talona, Mistress of Poison, Aballister creates The Chaos Curse and unleashes it upon The Edificant Library, home of Cadderly and his friends.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters in the universe of Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10\" franchise, which includes \"Ben 10\", \"\", \"\", \"\", and \"Ben 10 (Reboot)\".", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ Voiced by: Portrayed by: Benjamin Kirby \"Ben\" Tennyson (alias \"Ben 10\") is the main character of the franchise.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He is a 10-year-old boy child from Bellwood who found the Omnitrix during his summer vacation with his Grandfather Max Tennyson and his cousin Gwen Tennyson.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ The Omnitrix attached to his wrist and gives him the powers and abilities to become different aliens.", "List of Ben 10 characters __knowledge__ He uses these powers to defeat evil while trying to escape the alien warlord Vilgax, who chases after him unstoppably in order to retrieve the Omnitrix." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ Awesome Comics or Awesome Entertainment (also known as Awesome-Hyperwerks when they were briefly joined with Hyperwerks Entertainment) was an American comic book studio formed in 1997 by Image Comics co-founder Rob Liefeld.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The company closed in 2000.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ In 1992, seven high-profile comics artists left Marvel Comics to form their own publisher, where comics creators could publish creator-owned material without having to give up copyright-control to their characters.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The seven artists (bar Whilce Portacio, who opted not to become a full partner) formed a partnership between their individual studios, and published their comics under the over-arcing Image Comics banner.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ awesome is a dynamic window manager for the X Window System developed in the C and Lua programming languages.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Lua is also used for configuring and extending the window manager.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Its development began as a fork of dwm.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It aims to be extremely small and fast, yet extensively customizable.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It makes it possible for the user to manage windows with the use of keyboard.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The fork was initially nicknamed \"jdwm\", with \"jd\" denoting the principal programmer's initials, and with dwm reminding of the software project it forked from.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The first git repository for what was to become awesome was set up in September 2007. jdwm was renamed to awesome, named after the same phrase used by the \"How I Met Your Mother\" character Barney Stinson.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ 1000 Awesome Things is a regularly updated, Webby Award winning blog written by Neil Pasricha, who posts one awesome thing in life each weekday.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The site was launched on June 20, 2008 with #1000 Broccoflower and is counting down until it hits #1.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The topics covered on the blog are varied, and range from #981, Wearing underwear just out of the dryer, to #858, The other side of the pillow, and #773, watching your odometer click over a major milestone.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ An awesome thing is posted every weekday and #1 was posted on April 19, 2012.", "1000 Awesome Things __knowledge__ The website has a live stats counter on it and has approximately 48 million hits.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Originally a trainee for George and Shunji Takano's Pro Wrestling Crusaders, Tanaka transferred to Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling where he trained under Atsushi Onita.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Tanaka debuted on July 23, 1993 in Saga City, facing Ricky Fuji.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ He quickly began moving up the card in FMW, widely regarded as the top hardcore professional wrestling promotion in Japan.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ Wrestling in matches featuring explosions and barbed wire, Tanaka earned a variety of scars, and the nickname \"Dangan\", which he would often shout during his matches.", "Masato Tanaka __knowledge__ By 1996 he was one of the promotion's major stars, and had feuded with such luminaries as Mr. Pogo, Mr. Gannosuke, Terry Funk and Mike Awesome.", "Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! __knowledge__ Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!", "Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! __knowledge__ is an American sketch comedy series created by and starring Tim Heidecker and Eric Wareheim, which premiered February 11, 2007 on Adult Swim and ran until May 2010.", "Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! __knowledge__ The show features surreal and often satirical humor (at points anti-humor and cringe comedy), public-access television-style musical acts, bizarre faux-commercials with a unique editing and special effects style by Doug Lussenhop to make the show appear camp.", "Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! __knowledge__ The program featured a wide range of actors like Will Ferrell, John C. Reilly, Jeff Goldblum, Zach Galifianakis, Will Forte, Patton Oswalt, Bob Odenkirk, David Cross, Fred Willard, Rainn Wilson, Fred Armisen, Paul Rudd, and Ben Stiller, alternative comedians like Neil Hamburger, former television stars like Alan Thicke, porn stars, celebrity look-alikes, impressionists, and amateur actors found through Craigslist.", "Carchemish __knowledge__ Carchemish ( ), also spelled Karkemish (Hittite: \"Karkamiš\"; Turkish: \"Karkamış\"; Greek: Εὔρωπος; Latin: \"Europus\"), was an important ancient capital in the northern part of the region of Syria.", "Carchemish __knowledge__ At times during its history the city was independent, but it was also part of the Mitanni, Hittite and Neo-Assyrian Empires.", "Carchemish __knowledge__ Today it is on the frontier between Turkey and Syria.", "Carchemish __knowledge__ It was the location of an important battle, about 605 BC, between the Babylonians and Egyptians, mentioned in the Bible (Jer.", "Carchemish __knowledge__ 46:2).", "Carchemish __knowledge__ Modern neighbouring cities are Karkamış in Turkey and Jarabulus in Syria (also Djerablus, Jerablus, Jarablos, Jarâblos); the original form of the modern toponym seems to have been Djerabis or Jerabis, likely derived from Europos, the ancient name of the Hellenistic-Roman settlement.", "House of Astiruwa __knowledge__ The House of Astiruwa was the last known dynasty of rulers of Carchemish.", "House of Astiruwa __knowledge__ The members of this dynasty are best known to us through Hieroglyphic Luwian sources.", "House of Astiruwa __knowledge__ One member of the House of Astiruwa may also be referred to in Assyrian sources.", "House of Astiruwa __knowledge__ Astiruwa, also Astiru, was the first known ruler of the dynasty named after him.", "House of Astiruwa __knowledge__ Bearing the titles of country-lord, hero, and king, he ruled at the end of the 9th and the beginning of the 8th century BC, possibly between 848 and 790 BC.", "House of Astiruwa __knowledge__ It is not known if he had any predecessors from the same dynastic line, but it is known that two or more unknown kings of some dynastic line occupied the throne of Carchemish between him and the last known preceding ruler of Carchemish, Sangara (last mentioned in Assyrian sources in 848 BC).", "House of Suhi __knowledge__ The House of Suhi was a dynasty of rulers of Carchemish.", "House of Suhi __knowledge__ The members of this dynasty are best known to us through Hieroglyphic Luwian sources.", "House of Suhi __knowledge__ Only one member of the house of Suhi is specifically mentioned in Assyrian sources.", "House of Suhi __knowledge__ The House of Suhi was followed by a dynasty known as the House of Astiruwa.", "House of Suhi __knowledge__ Suhi I was the first known ruler of the dynasty named after him.", "House of Suhi __knowledge__ Bearing the title of ruler, he probably ruled in the early 10th century BC.", "House of Suhi __knowledge__ None of his own inscriptions have survived, but he is mentioned in the inscriptions of his successors and in an inscription of a son named Arnu-..., who was a priest of the goddess Kubaba.", "Thapsacus __knowledge__ Thapsacus (; \"Tipsah\") was an ancient town along the western bank of the Euphrates river that would now lie in modern Syria or Turkey.", "Thapsacus __knowledge__ Thapsacus was the Greek and Roman name for the town.", "Thapsacus __knowledge__ The town was important and prosperous due to its river crossing, which allowed east-west land traffic to pass through it.", "Thapsacus __knowledge__ Its precise location is unknown and there are several different locations identified as the site of Thapsacus.", "Thapsacus __knowledge__ One possibility is a location close to Carchemish, which now lies in Turkey, on its border with Syria.", "Thapsacus __knowledge__ Karkamış and Jarabulus are the closest modern towns in Turkey and Syria respectively.", "Sangara (king) __knowledge__ Sangara was a king of Carchemish, who until now was only known from Assyrian sources (but in 2015 he has been finally identified in Hieroglyphic Luwian too by the Turco-Italian Archaeological Expedition at Karkemish).", "Sangara (king) __knowledge__ He is documented for 870 to 848 BC.", "Sangara (king) __knowledge__ Sangara likely accessed the throne of Carchemish only a short time after king Katuwa known from Hieroglyphic Luwian sources.", "Sangara (king) __knowledge__ He is only mentioned in texts of the Assyrian kings Ashurnasirpal II and Shalmaneser III.", "Sangara (king) __knowledge__ First, Sangara was tributary of Ashurnasirpal II.", "Sangara (king) __knowledge__ In 870 BC (alternative dating: 882 BC) the Assyrian king crossed the Euphrates and first turned against Carchemish.", "Hittites __knowledge__ The Hittites () were an Ancient Anatolian people who established an empire centered on Hattusa in north-central Anatolia around 1600 BC.", "Hittites __knowledge__ This empire reached its height during the mid-14th century BC under Suppiluliuma I, when it encompassed an area that included most of Anatolia as well as parts of the northern Levant and Upper Mesopotamia.", "Hittites __knowledge__ Between the 15th and 13th centuries BC the Hittite Empire came into conflict with the Egyptian Empire, Middle Assyrian Empire and the empire of the Mitanni for control of the Near East.", "Hittites __knowledge__ The Assyrians eventually emerged as the dominant power and annexed much of the Hittite empire, while the remainder was sacked by Phrygian newcomers to the region.", "Neo-Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ The Neo-Assyrian Empire was an Iron Age Mesopotamian empire, in existence between 911 and 612 BC.", "Neo-Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ The Assyrians perfected early techniques of imperial rule, many of which became standard in later empires.", "Neo-Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Following the conquests of Adad-nirari II in the late 10th century BC, Assyria emerged as the most powerful state in the known world at the time, coming to dominate the Ancient Near East, East Mediterranean, Asia Minor, Caucasus, and parts of the Arabian Peninsula and North Africa, eclipsing and conquering rivals such as Babylonia, Elam, Persia, Urartu, Lydia, the Medes, Phrygians, Cimmerians, Israel, Judah, Phoenicia, Chaldea, Canaan, the Kushite Empire, the Arabs, and Egypt." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch.", "Beholder (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The beholder is a fictional monster in the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game.", "Beholder (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Its appearance is that of a floating orb of flesh with a large mouth, single central eye, and many smaller eyestalks on top with powerful magical abilities.", "Beholder (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The Beholder is among the most classic of all \"Dungeons & Dragons\" monsters, appearing in every edition of the game since 1975.", "Beholder (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Different breeds of beholders have different magic abilities.", "Beholder (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Beholders are one of the few classic Dungeons & Dragons monsters that Wizards of the Coast claims as Product Identity.", "Beholder (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Unlike many other \"Dungeons & Dragons\" monsters, the beholder is an original creation for \"D&D\", as it is not based on a creature from mythology or other fiction.", "Beholder (horse) __knowledge__ Beholder (foaled May 9, 2010) is an American Thoroughbred race horse and multiple Eclipse Award winner.", "Beholder (horse) __knowledge__ She was purchased as a yearling by B. Wayne Hughes of Spendthrift Farm.", "Beholder (horse) __knowledge__ She had an early reputation for being difficult to handle, but trainer Richard Mandella worked extensively with the fractious young horse, gradually developing her from a temperamental front-runner into a seasoned veteran who could be placed in strategic positions.", "Beholder (horse) __knowledge__ As a two-year-old in 2012, she won three of her five races including the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Fillies and was voted American Champion Two-Year-Old Filly.", "Beholder (horse) __knowledge__ In the following season, she won five of her seven races, including the Breeders' Cup Distaff.", "Eye of the Beholder (video game) __knowledge__ Eye of the Beholder is a role-playing video game for computers and video game consoles developed by Westwood Associates.", "Eye of the Beholder (video game) __knowledge__ It was published by Strategic Simulations, Inc. in 1991 for the DOS operating system and later ported to the Amiga, the Sega CD, Game Boy Advance and the SNES.", "Eye of the Beholder (video game) __knowledge__ The Sega CD version features an exclusive soundtrack composed by Yuzo Koshiro.", "Eye of the Beholder (video game) __knowledge__ A port to the Atari Lynx handheld was developed by NuFX in 1993, but never officially released.", "Eye of the Beholder (video game) __knowledge__ The game had two sequels, \"\", released in , and \"\", released in .", "Eye of the Beholder (video game) __knowledge__ The third game, however, was not written by Westwood, who had been acquired by Virgin Interactive in 1992 and created the \"Lands of Lore\" series instead.", "Great Mother (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ In many campaign settings for the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game, The Great Mother is the creator and primary racial deity of beholders, gibbering orbs, and the various races of beholder-kin.", "Great Mother (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ The Great Mother is the beholder deity of magic, fertility, and tyranny.", "Great Mother (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Its symbol is an egg with an eye peering out of its center.", "Great Mother (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Great Mother was first detailed in the book \"Monster Mythology\" (1992), including details about her priesthood.", "Great Mother (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Her role in the cosmology of the Planescape campaign setting was described in \"On Hallowed Ground\" (1996).", "Great Mother (Dungeons & Dragons) __knowledge__ Great Mother was described in \"Defenders of the Faith\" (2000), and in \"Lords of Madness\" (2005).", "Eye of the Beholder III: Assault on Myth Drannor __knowledge__ Eye of the Beholder III: Assault on Myth Drannor is a 1993 computer role-playing game and the sequel to \"Eye of the Beholder\" and \"\".", "Eye of the Beholder III: Assault on Myth Drannor __knowledge__ After defeating Dran the heroes tell the patrons of a local tavern about their success over Dran Draggore and how it saved the town.", "Eye of the Beholder III: Assault on Myth Drannor __knowledge__ After that, a mysterious man enters the tavern and asks the heroes to save the ruined city, Myth Drannor, which is ruled by a Lich named Acwellan.", "Eye of the Beholder III: Assault on Myth Drannor __knowledge__ The man then tells the heroes that they need to save Myth Drannor by getting an ancient artifact from the Lich known as the Codex.", "Eye of the Beholder III: Assault on Myth Drannor __knowledge__ After the heroes accept the quest, the mysterious man teleports the heroes just outside Myth Drannor.", "Lands of Lore: The Throne of Chaos __knowledge__ Lands of Lore: The Throne of Chaos is a 1993 role-playing video game developed by Westwood Studios and published by Virgin Games for MS-DOS, the NEC PC-9801, and FM Towns.", "Lands of Lore: The Throne of Chaos __knowledge__ It was the first installment of the \"Lands of Lore\" series.", "Lands of Lore: The Throne of Chaos __knowledge__ The player travels around various environments, collecting items and battling monsters in an attempt to save the kingdom from a witch named Scotia, who has acquired shapeshifting abilities.", "Lands of Lore: The Throne of Chaos __knowledge__ Westwood wanted to create something new after being acquired by Virgin, and it was intended that the game outperform \"Eye of The Beholder 2\".", "Lands of Lore: The Throne of Chaos __knowledge__ \"Lands of Lore: The Throne of Chaos\" received generally positive reviews, with reviewers complimenting the graphics and the skill system, but some criticized its combat and repetitiveness.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ Muraqaba (, an Arabic word meaning \"to watch over\", \"to take care of\", or \"to keep an eye\"), is the Sufi word for meditation.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ It implies that with meditation, a person watches over or takes care of his spiritual heart (or soul), and acquires knowledge about it, its surroundings, and its creator.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ This form of meditation is common amongst most Sufi orders and is a core concept for many tariqas.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ Here are the \"maqamat\" (Arabic: مقامات stages) in which Sufis have broadly categorised their journey of ascension.", "Muraqaba __knowledge__ The categorization is an arbitrary one, and each level is generally further divided into several sublevels.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Religious debates over the \"Harry Potter\" series of books by J. K. Rowling are based on claims that the novels contain occult or Satanic subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ A number of Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox Christians have argued against the series, as have some Shia and Sunni Muslims.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Supporters of the series have said that the magic in \"Harry Potter\" bears little resemblance to occultism, being more in the vein of fairy tales such as \"Cinderella\" and \"Snow White\", or to the works of C. S. Lewis and J. R. R. Tolkien, both of whom are known for writing fantasy novels with Christian subtexts.", "Religious debates over the Harry Potter series __knowledge__ Far from promoting a particular religion, some argue, the \"Harry Potter\" novels go out of their way to avoid discussing religion at all.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The music video for recording artist Janet Jackson's single \"Rhythm Nation\" was directed by Dominic Sena.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ It was filmed as part of the long-form video \"Rhythm Nation 1814 Film\" at a power plant located in Pasadena, California.", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The video is notable for its \"post-apocalyptic\" warehouse setting, the unisex black military-style uniforms in which Jackson and her dancers were outfitted, and its choreography, considered to \"set the template for hundreds of videos to come in the Nineties and aughts.\"", "Rhythm Nation (music video) __knowledge__ The video's outfit has received various tributes, being displayed at Walt Disney World theme park, Rock & Roll Hall of Fame's \"Women Who Rock: Vision, Passion, Power\" exhibit, and the National Museum of Women in the Arts.", "Jews as the chosen people __knowledge__ In Judaism, \"chosenness\" is the belief that the Jews, via descent from the ancient Israelites, are the chosen people, i.e.", "Jews as the chosen people __knowledge__ chosen to be in a covenant with God.", "Jews as the chosen people __knowledge__ The idea of the Israelites being chosen by God is found most directly in the Book of Deuteronomy as the verb \"bahar\" (), and is alluded to elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible using other terms such as \"holy people\".", "Jews as the chosen people __knowledge__ Much is written about these topics in rabbinic literature.", "Jews as the chosen people __knowledge__ The three largest Jewish denominations— Orthodox Judaism, Conservative Judaism and Reform Judaism—maintain the belief that the Jews have been chosen by God for a purpose.", "Jews as the chosen people __knowledge__ Sometimes this choice is seen as charging the Jewish people with a specific mission — to be a light unto the nations, and to exemplify the covenant with God as described in the Torah.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "Wheeler's delayed choice experiment __knowledge__ Wheeler's delayed choice experiment is actually several thought experiments in quantum physics, proposed by John Archibald Wheeler, with the most prominent among them appearing in 1978 and 1984.", "Wheeler's delayed choice experiment __knowledge__ These experiments are attempts to decide whether light somehow \"senses\" the experimental apparatus in the double-slit experiment it will travel through and adjusts its behavior to fit by assuming the appropriate determinate state for it, or whether light remains in an indeterminate state, neither wave nor particle.", "Wheeler's delayed choice experiment __knowledge__ The common intention of these several types of experiments is to first do something that, some interpretations of theory say, would make each photon \"decide\" whether it was going to behave as a particle or behave as a wave, and then, before the photon had time to reach the detection device, create another change in the system that would make it seem that the photon had \"chosen\" to behave in the opposite way.", "The Show People __knowledge__ The Show People is an Indian film production company established by Indian actor Arya.", "The Show People __knowledge__ The studio has primarily been involved in the production of Arya's Tamil language films, having worked on films including \"Boss Engira Bhaskaran\" (2010) and \"Vasuvum Saravananum Onna Padichavanga\" (2015).", "The Show People __knowledge__ Arya has also worked as a producer and distributor through the production studio August Cinema, where he has worked with Prithviraj, Shaji Nadesan and Santosh Sivan on Malayalam language films.", "The Show People __knowledge__ Arya set up the production studio, The Show People, in early 2009 and revealed his intentions of working on three films a year.", "Japanese fashion as social resistance __knowledge__ Following the old Japanese adage of “the nail that sticks up gets hammered down” (でるくぎはうたれる derukugihautareru), the Lolita (ロリータ roriita) and Ganguro (ガングロ) fashions have been met with much disdain as marginal subgroups of Japanese culture.", "Japanese fashion as social resistance __knowledge__ Clothing is one of the easiest ways to differentiate oneself in Japanese society, and even though Ganguro is much more overt and shocking in this expression and Lolita has somewhat more subtle methods, both harken to Western ideals of attractiveness, with Ganguro girls evoking the California girl or the black hip-hop aesthetic and Lolita calling upon Rococo, the Victorian era, and Edwardian era in Western Europe." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch.", "Japanese tea utensils __knowledge__ Tea utensils (茶道具, \"chadōgu\") are tools or implements used in \"chadō\", the art of Japanese tea.", "Japanese tea utensils __knowledge__ \"Chadōgu\" can be divided into five major categories: \"sōshoku dōgu\" (装飾道具; \"decorative items\"); \"temae dōgu\" (点前道具; \"items for the tea-making and service\"); \"kaiseki dōgu\" (懐石道具; \"items for the \"chakaiseki\" meal\"); \"mizuya dōgu\" (水屋道具; \"items used in the preparation room\"); and \"machiai dōgu / roji\" \"dōgu\" (待合道具・露地道具; \"items for the waiting room\" / \"items for the \"roji\" garden\").", "Japanese tea utensils __knowledge__ A wide range of \"dōgu\" is necessary for even the most basic tea ceremony.", "Japanese tea utensils __knowledge__ Generally, items which guests prepare themselves with for attending a chanoyu gathering are not considered as \"chadōgu\"; rather, the term fundamentally applies to items involved to \"host\" a chanoyu gathering.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ A barbecue grill is a device that cooks food by applying heat from below.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There are several varieties of grills, with most falling into one of two categories: gas-fueled or charcoal.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ There is debate over which method yields superior results.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ Grilling has existed in the Americas since pre-Colonial times.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ The Arawak people of South America roasted meat on a wooden structure called a barbacoa in Spanish.", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ For centuries, the term \"barbacoa\" referred to the wooden structure and not the act of grilling, but it was eventually modified to \"barbecue.\"", "Barbecue grill __knowledge__ It was also applied to the pit-style cooking techniques now frequently used in the Southeastern United States.", "Charcoal (art) __knowledge__ Artists' charcoal is a form of dry art medium made of finely ground organic materials that are held together by a gum or wax binder or produced without the use of binders by eliminating the oxygen inside the material during the production process.", "Charcoal (art) __knowledge__ These charcoals are often used by artists for their versatile properties, such as the rough texture that leaves marks less permanent than other art media.", "Charcoal (art) __knowledge__ Charcoal can produce lines that are very light or intensely black, while being easily removable, yet vulnerable to leaving stains on paper.", "Charcoal (art) __knowledge__ The dry medium can be applied to almost any surface from smooth to very coarse.", "Shading __knowledge__ Shading refers to depicting depth perception in 3D models or illustrations by varying levels of darkness.", "Shading __knowledge__ Shading is used in drawing for depicting levels of darkness on paper by applying media more densely or with a darker shade for darker areas, and less densely or with a lighter shade for lighter areas.", "Shading __knowledge__ There are various techniques of shading including cross hatching where perpendicular lines of varying closeness are drawn in a grid pattern to shade an area.", "Shading __knowledge__ The closer the lines are together, the darker the area appears.", "Shading __knowledge__ Likewise, the farther apart the lines are, the lighter the area appears.", "Fireworks __knowledge__ Fireworks are a class of low explosive pyrotechnic devices used for aesthetic and entertainment purposes.", "Fireworks __knowledge__ The most common use of a firework is as part of a fireworks display (also called a fireworks show or pyrotechnics), a display of the effects produced by firework devices.", "Fireworks __knowledge__ Fireworks competitions are also regularly held at a number of places.", "Fireworks __knowledge__ Fireworks take many forms to produce the four primary effects: noise, light, smoke, and floating materials (confetti for example).", "Fireworks __knowledge__ They may be designed to burn with colored flames and sparks including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, and silver.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ Traditional animation (or classical animation, cel animation or hand-drawn animation) is an animation technique where each frame is drawn by hand.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ The technique was the dominant form of animation in cinema until the advent of computer animation.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ Animation productions begin by deciding on a story.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ The oral or literary source material must then be converted into an animation film script, from which the storyboard is derived.", "Traditional animation __knowledge__ The storyboard has an appearance somewhat similar to a comic book, and it shows the sequence of shots as consecutive sketches that also indicate transitions, camera angles, and framing.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Visual arts in Israel refers to plastic art created in the Land of Israel/Palestine region, from the later part of the 19th century until today, or art created by Israeli artists.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Visual art in Israel encompasses a wide spectrum of techniques, styles and themes reflecting a dialogue with Jewish art throughout the ages and attempts to formulate a national identity.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ Early art in the Land of Israel was mainly decorative art of a religious nature (primarily Jewish or Christian), produced for religious pilgrims, but also for export and local consumption.", "Visual arts in Israel __knowledge__ These objects included decorated tablets, embossed soaps, rubber stamps, etc., most of which were decorated with motifs from graphic arts.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Want of Matter __knowledge__ “Want of Matter” (in Hebrew: דלות החומר; Dalut HaHahomer) is an Israeli style of art that existed in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.", "Want of Matter __knowledge__ Characteristics of this style include the use of “meager” creative materials, artistic sloppiness, and criticism of the social reality and the myth of Israel society.", "Want of Matter __knowledge__ Among the artists identified with “Want of Matter” are Raffi Lavie, Yair Garbuz, Michal Na'aman, Tamar Getter and Nahum Tevet.", "Want of Matter __knowledge__ The “Want of Matter” style grew out of a historical-retrospective view of Israeli art.", "Want of Matter __knowledge__ The name originated in an exhibition called “The Want of Matter: A Quality in Israeli Art” curated by Sara Breitberg-Semel, which took place in March 1986 at the Tel Aviv Museum.", "Character mask __knowledge__ In Marxist philosophy, a character mask () is a prescribed social role that serves to conceal the contradictions of a social relation or order.", "Character mask __knowledge__ The term was used by Karl Marx in various published writings from the 1840s to the 1860s, and also by Friedrich Engels.", "Character mask __knowledge__ It is related to the classical Greek concepts of mimesis (imitative representation using analogies) and prosopopoeia (impersonation or personification) as well as the Roman concept of persona, but also differs from them (see below).", "Character mask __knowledge__ The notion of character masks has been used by neo-Marxist and non-Marxist sociologists, philosophers and anthropologists to interpret how people relate in societies with a complex division of labour, where people depend on trade to meet many of their needs.", "Arts-based environmental education __knowledge__ Arts-based environmental education (AEE) brings art education and environmental education together in one undertaking.", "Arts-based environmental education __knowledge__ The approach has two essential characteristics.", "Arts-based environmental education __knowledge__ The first is that it refers to a specific kind of environmental education that starts off from an artistic approach.", "Arts-based environmental education __knowledge__ Different from other types of outdoor or environmental education which offer room for aesthetic experiences, AEE turns the tables in a fundamental way.", "Arts-based environmental education __knowledge__ Art is not an added quality, the icing on the cake; it is rather the point of departure in the effort to find ways in which people can connect to their environment.", "Arts-based environmental education __knowledge__ A second fundamental characteristic is that AEE is one of the first contemporary approaches of bringing together artistic practice and environmental education in which practitioners also made an attempt to formulate an epistemology.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ As one of the oldest religious institutions in the world, it has played a prominent role in the history and culture of Eastern Europe, Greece (including Anatolia), the Caucasus, and the Near East.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ A communion of autocephalous churches (″jurisdictions″, or national churches), each typically governed by its own Holy Synod, its bishops are equal by virtue of ordination, with doctrines summarised in the Nicene Creed.", "Eastern Orthodox Church __knowledge__ The Church has no central doctrinal or governance authority analogous to the Roman Catholic Church's pope; however, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople is recognised by all as primus inter pares of the bishops, and the Church of Constantinople, since the Great Schism of 1054, enjoys precedence and certain prerogatives." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Drawing __knowledge__ Drawing is a form of visual art in which a person uses various drawing instruments to mark paper or another two-dimensional medium.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Instruments include graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colored pencils, crayons, charcoal, chalk, pastels, various kinds of erasers, markers, styluses, various metals (such as silverpoint) and electronic drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A drawing instrument releases a small amount of material onto a surface, leaving a visible mark.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The most common support for drawing is paper, although other materials, such as cardboard, plastic, leather, canvas, and board, may be used.", "Drawing __knowledge__ Temporary drawings may be made on a blackboard or whiteboard or indeed almost anything.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The medium has been a popular and fundamental means of public expression throughout human history.", "Drawing __knowledge__ It is one of the simplest and most efficient means of communicating visual ideas.", "Drawing __knowledge__ The wide availability of drawing instruments makes drawing one of the most common artistic activities.", "Drawing __knowledge__ In addition to its more artistic forms, drawing is frequently used in commercial illustration, animation, architecture, engineering and technical drawing.", "Drawing __knowledge__ A quick, freehand drawing, usually not intended as a finished work, is sometimes called a sketch.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The saddle is a supportive structure for a rider or other load, fastened to an animal's back by a girth.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The most common type is the equestrian saddle designed for a horse, but specialized saddles have been created for camels and other creatures.", "Saddle __knowledge__ It is not known precisely when riders first began to use some sort of padding or protection, but a blanket attached by some form of surcingle or girth was probably the first \"saddle,\" followed later by more elaborate padded designs.", "Saddle __knowledge__ The solid saddle tree was a later invention, and though early stirrup designs predated the invention of the solid tree, the paired stirrup, which attached to the tree, was the last element of the saddle to reach the basic form that is still used today.", "English saddle __knowledge__ English saddles are used to ride horses in English riding disciplines throughout the world.", "English saddle __knowledge__ The discipline is not limited to England, the United Kingdom in general or other English-speaking countries.", "English saddle __knowledge__ This style of saddle is used in all of the Olympic and International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI) equestrian disciplines, except for the newly approved FEI events of equestrian vaulting and reining.", "English saddle __knowledge__ Most designs were specifically developed to allow the horse freedom of movement, whether jumping, running, or moving quickly across rugged, broken country with fences.", "English saddle __knowledge__ Unlike the western saddle or Australian Stock Saddle, there is no horn or other design elements that stick out above the main tree of the saddle.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ Western saddles are used for western riding and are the saddles used on working horses on cattle ranches throughout the United States, particularly in the west.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ They are the \"cowboy\" saddles familiar to movie viewers, rodeo fans, and those who have gone on trail rides at guest ranches.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ This saddle was designed to provide security and comfort to the rider when spending long hours on a horse, traveling over rugged terrain.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ The design of the Western saddle derives from the saddles of the Mexican \"vaqueros\" - the early horse trainers and cattle handlers of Mexico and the American Southwest.", "Western saddle __knowledge__ It was developed for the purpose of working cattle across vast areas, and came from a combination of the saddles used in the two main styles of horseback riding then practiced in Spain — \"la jineta\", the Moorish style which allowed great freedom of movement to the horse; and \"la estradiota\", later \"la brida\", the jousting style, which provided great security to the rider and strong control of the horse.", "Lego Castle __knowledge__ LEGO Castle was a Lego medieval and fantasy theme featuring knights and castles.", "Lego Castle __knowledge__ It was introduced in 1978 until 1997.", "Lego Castle __knowledge__ The medieval theme was then carried on in the LEGO Knights Kingdoms and later LEGO Kingdoms themes.", "Lego Castle __knowledge__ Lego Castle sets were marketed under the \"LEGOLAND\" banner until 1991.", "Lego Castle __knowledge__ LEGO decided to change and add \"LEGO System\" in 1992, but was dropped after 1999.", "Lego Castle __knowledge__ Castle is the first Lego Castle theme, and, like Space, is still very popular.", "Lego Castle __knowledge__ 375 Castle (often called the Yellow Castle) is the most well known set from this theme.", "Lego Castle __knowledge__ Often known by fans as \"Original Castle\", the knights featured unique movable visor pieces, with eye slits, and a crest that runs backwards from the frontward-facing part of the visor along the helmet.", "Chronicles of Ancient Darkness __knowledge__ Chronicles of Ancient Darkness is a series of six historical fantasy novels by the British author Michelle Paver, her first books for children.", "Chronicles of Ancient Darkness __knowledge__ The books chronicle the adventures of Torak, an adolescent boy, and his friends Renn and Wolf.", "Chronicles of Ancient Darkness __knowledge__ The main story arc revolves around Torak and his quest to defeat the Soul Eaters, a group of power hungry mages who seek out to destroy all life in the forest.", "Chronicles of Ancient Darkness __knowledge__ Paver has called it simply \"a single story: the tale of Torak's discovery of himself and his world.\"", "Chronicles of Ancient Darkness __knowledge__ Since the 30 May 2004 release of the first book in the series, \"Wolf Brother\", the series has gained critical acclaim and commercial success worldwide.", "Stirrup __knowledge__ A stirrup is a light frame or ring that holds the foot of a rider, attached to the saddle by a strap, often called a stirrup leather.", "Stirrup __knowledge__ Stirrups are usually paired and are used to aid in mounting and as a support while using a riding animal (usually a horse or other equine, such as a mule).", "Stirrup __knowledge__ They greatly increase the rider's ability to stay in the saddle and control the mount, increasing the animal's usefulness to humans in areas such as communication, transportation and warfare.", "Stirrup __knowledge__ In antiquity, the earliest foot supports consisted of riders placing their feet under a girth or using a simple toe loop.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Tack is a piece of equipment or accessory equipped on horses in the course of their use as domesticated animals.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Saddles, stirrups, bridles, halters, reins, bits, harnesses, martingales, and breastplates are all forms of horse tack.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Equipping a horse is often referred to as tacking up.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ A room to store such equipment, usually near or in a stable, is a tack room.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Saddles are seats for the rider, fastened to the horse's back by means of a \"girth\" (English-style riding), known as a \"cinch\" in the Western US, a wide strap that goes around the horse at a point about four inches behind the forelegs.", "Horse tack __knowledge__ Some western saddles will also have a second strap known as a \"flank\" or \"back cinch\" that fastens at the rear of the saddle and goes around the widest part of the horse's belly.", "Michael Leavitt (artist) __knowledge__ Mike Leavitt (born November 4, 1977) is a visual artist based near Seattle, Washington responsible for a variety of pop art, fine art, design and satirical works in various media.", "Michael Leavitt (artist) __knowledge__ With his HiPop Project under the name Intuition Kitchen Productions Leavitt \"blends art, design and social commentary\".", "Michael Leavitt (artist) __knowledge__ Most well known are his \"Art Army\" series of handmade action figures depicting visual artists, musicians, and entertainers.", "Michael Leavitt (artist) __knowledge__ Leavitt's sculptures are one of a kind one-off's though some of his design projects are prototypes reproduced in limited quantity.", "Michael Leavitt (artist) __knowledge__ Leavitt exhibits with Jonathan LeVine in New York, NY.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ The conservation and restoration of paintings is carried out by professional painting conservators.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Paintings cover a wide range of various mediums, materials, and their supports (i.e.- The painted surface made from fabric, paper, wood panel, fabricated board, or other).", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Painting types include fine art to decorative and functional objects spanning from acrylics, frescoes, and oil paint on various surfaces, egg tempera on panels and canvas, lacquer painting, water color and more.", "Conservation and restoration of paintings __knowledge__ Knowing the materials of any given painting and its support allows for the proper restoration and conservation practices.", "Cardboard furniture __knowledge__ Cardboard furniture is a furniture designed to be made from corrugated fiberboard, heavy paperboard, or fiber tubes.", "Cardboard furniture __knowledge__ There are several different types of cardboard furniture.", "Cardboard furniture __knowledge__ Although people have lived on and around cardboard for as long as it has existed, it was probably first introduced to the design world by Frank Gehry (b.", "Cardboard furniture __knowledge__ 1929).", "Cardboard furniture __knowledge__ The line, which is still made and sold by Vitra, consists of modern chairs and tables.", "Cardboard furniture __knowledge__ Made with hidden screws and fiberboard edging, the tables are said to hold thousands of pounds.", "Cardboard furniture __knowledge__ The \"Wiggle Chair,\" which has won many design awards and has been included in museum shows at London's Design Museum and elsewhere, contains 60 layers of corrugated cardboard held together by hidden screws and fibreboard edging.", "Jiří Kornatovský __knowledge__ Jiří Kornatovský (* 2 March 1952, Plasy, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech painter, draughtsman and printmaker.", "Jiří Kornatovský __knowledge__ Jiri Kornatovsky’s artistic standpoint and life opinions were formed mostly by his childhood and youth spent in Plasy, where he roamed almost daily, until the age of 21, in an abandoned Cistercian monastery.", "Jiří Kornatovský __knowledge__ After graduating from a technical teaching school in Pilsen, he studied at the College and High Art School of Vaclav Hollar in 1977-82, followed by the study of monumental painting at the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague with professors Arnošt Paderlík and Jiří Ptáček (1982–87).", "Jiří Kornatovský __knowledge__ At the end of the 1980s he published a number of spiritual manifestos and in 1991 he co-founded \"Hermit Foundation\" in the Cistercian monastery of Plasy.", "Canvas __knowledge__ Canvas is an extremely durable plain-woven fabric used for making sails, tents, marquees, backpacks, and other items for which sturdiness is required.", "Canvas __knowledge__ It is also popularly used by artists as a painting surface, typically stretched across a wooden frame.", "Canvas __knowledge__ It is also used in such fashion objects as handbags, electronic device cases, and shoes.", "Canvas __knowledge__ Modern canvas is usually made of cotton or linen, although historically it was made from hemp.", "Canvas __knowledge__ It differs from other heavy cotton fabrics, such as denim, in being plain weave rather than twill weave.", "Canvas __knowledge__ Canvas comes in two basic types: plain and duck.", "Canvas __knowledge__ The threads in duck canvas are more tightly woven.", "Album cover __knowledge__ An album cover is the front of the packaging of a commercially released audio recording product, or album.", "Album cover __knowledge__ The term can refer to either the printed cardboard covers typically used to package sets of and 78-rpm records, single and sets of LPs, sets of 45 rpm records (either in several connected sleeves or a box), or the front-facing panel of a CD package, and, increasingly, the primary image accompanying a digital download of the album, or of its individual tracks.", "Album cover __knowledge__ In the case of all types of tangible records, it also serves as part of the protective sleeve.", "Album cover __knowledge__ Around 1910, 78-rpm records replaced the phonograph cylinder as the medium for recorded sound." ] ]

[ 6, 7, 8, 4, 10 ]

[ "History has shown drawing has been a founding means of expressing oneself .", "I wish! Drawing is one of the easiest ways to show people something visually.", "That is true! Since you can use so many different things to draw with, it is the most used artistic activity!", "Have you used any other forms to draw on like cardboard, plastic, canvas or leather?", "That is fun, do you sketch your design first by quickly drawing it?" ]

[ "Drawing", "Drawing", "Drawing", "Drawing", "Drawing" ]

[ "German Shepherd", "They are great dogs. Very intelligent and friendly", "Yes, you would think they would have been around longer. They are great for working dogs. They are used as companion dogs and search and rescue, among others", "They do have some health issues however that need watching out for. Hip Dysplasia is common with German Shepards" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ The V and W class was an amalgam of six similar classes of destroyer built for the Royal Navy under the War Emergency Programme during the First World War and generally treated as one class.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ For their time they were among the most powerful and advanced ships of their type in the world, and set the trend for future British designs.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ They arrived in time to see service in the First World War.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ During the interwar period these ships formed the backbone of the Royal Navy's destroyer flotillas until gradually replaced by new construction; by the mid-1930s most had been displaced to the reserve fleet.", "V and W-class destroyer __knowledge__ Most ships survived to make an extensive contribution to the Second World War effort, in the vital role of convoy escort, freeing up more modern ships for fleet action.", "BL 4 inch Mk IX naval gun __knowledge__ The BL 4-inch gun Mk IX was a British medium-velocity naval gun introduced in 1916 as secondary armament on the \"Renown\"-class battlecruisers and \"Glorious\"-class \"large light cruisers\", but which served most notably as the main armament on Flower-class corvettes throughout World War II.", "BL 4 inch Mk IX naval gun __knowledge__ The gun was based on the barrel of the QF 4 inch Mk V and the breech mechanism of the BL 4 inch Mk VIII and was first introduced in World War I on capital ships as secondary armament in triple-gun mountings, intended to provide rapid concentrated fire.", "BL 4 inch Mk IX naval gun __knowledge__ This turned out to be unworkable in practice.", "BL 4 inch Mk IX naval gun __knowledge__ Jane's Fighting Ships of 1919 commented, \"4-inch triples are clumsy and not liked.", "Curly Coated Retriever __knowledge__ The Curly Coated Retriever (often referred to as a Curly) is a breed of dog originally bred in England for upland bird and waterfowl hunting.", "Curly Coated Retriever __knowledge__ It is the tallest of the retrievers and is easily distinguishable by the mass of tight curls covering its body.", "Curly Coated Retriever __knowledge__ Curly Coated and Wavy Coated (now known as the Flat-Coated Retriever) were the first two recognised retriever breeds, established as early as 1860.", "Curly Coated Retriever __knowledge__ The Curly is an active, well-muscled dog bred for upland bird and waterfowl hunting.", "Curly Coated Retriever __knowledge__ The Curly is somewhat different in structure than the more common retrievers.", "Curly Coated Retriever __knowledge__ A well-bred Curly will appear slightly leggy but is actually slightly longer than tall.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ The Taiwan Dog () is a breed or landrace of small or medium dog indigenous to Taiwan.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ These dogs are also known as Taiwanese Canis, Taiwanese Native Dog () or Takasago Dog ().", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ They are well-adapted to the uneven and thickly forested terrain of Taiwan, having become a semi-wild breed prior to the arrival of several colonial reigns and foreign powers.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Notwithstanding these adaptations, Formosans retained the potential to be trained, and are now used as hunting dogs, guard dogs, stunt dogs, rescue dogs, or simply as companions.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Formosans are classified into one medium type and two small types.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ However, now the pureblood Formosan Mountain Dog is edging closer to extinction, due to limited conservation efforts of the Taiwanese and their government.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Schutzhund (German for \"protection dog\") is a dog sport that was developed in Germany in the early 1900s as a breed suitability test for the German Shepherd breed.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ The test would determine if the dog displayed the appropriate traits and characteristics of a proper working German Shepherd.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Today, it is used as a sport where many breeds other than German Shepherd Dogs can compete, but it is such a demanding test that few dogs can pass.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Schutzhund tests dogs of all breeds for the traits necessary for police-type work.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Dogs that pass Schutzhund tests should be suitable for a wide variety of tasks: police work, specific odor detection, search and rescue, and many others.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd emerged from white-coat lines of the German Shepherd dog in Canada and the United States and from European imports.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd and the white German Shepherd are the same dog, though their coat colors vary.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd breed was officially recognized by the United Kennel Club on April 14, 1999.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ In German Shepherds, the recessive gene for white coat hair was cast in the breed gene pool by the late 19th and early 20th century breeding program that developed and expanded the German Shepherd Dog breed in Germany.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ A white herding dog named Greif was the grandfather of Horand von Grafrath, the dog acknowledged as the foundation of all contemporary German Shepherd bloodlines.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The Australian Shepherd, often known simply as the \"Aussie\", is a medium-sized breed of dog that was, despite its name, developed on ranches in the Western United States during the 19th century.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The dog was developed from a breed or breeds from the Basque country in Western Europe.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ It was brought by Basque people to the United States.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ These people had previously lived only briefly in Australia before moving to America.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed otherwise has no connection to Australia.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ There are a number of different theories regarding how the breed came to be associated with Australia, but there is no consensus.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ The East European Shepherd (VEO) (in Russian: Восточно-европейская овчарка (ВЕО)) —is a breed of dog that was developed in the 1930-1950s based on German Shepherd Dogs to create a larger cold-resistant breed for military use, police work and border guard duties in the Soviet Union.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ VEOs are also used as guide dogs for the blind and there are VEO therapy dogs.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ This breed is popular in Russia where it entered a public culture and acquired a legendary status as an extremely smart and loyal dog devoted to their owners.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed is well known in other ex-Soviet Union republics.", "East-European Shepherd __knowledge__ In the West, the East-European Shepherd is a rare breed that is not well known: information about the breed on online sources, in English, is limited and often incorrect or distorted." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ Dogs in warfare have a long history starting in ancient times.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ From war dogs trained in combat to their use as scouts, sentries and trackers, their uses have been varied and some continue to exist in modern military usage.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ War dogs were used by the Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, Sarmatians, Baganda, Alans, Slavs, Britons, and the Romans.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ The Molossus dog of the Molossia region of Epirus was the strongest known to the Romans, and was specifically trained for battle.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ Among the Greeks and Romans, dogs served most often as sentries or patrols, though they were sometimes taken into battle.", "Dogs in warfare __knowledge__ The earliest use of war dogs in a battle recorded in classical sources was by Alyattes of Lydia against the Cimmerians around 600 BC.", "Dog type __knowledge__ Dog types are broad categories of dogs based on form, function or style of work, lineage, or appearance.", "Dog type __knowledge__ In contrast, modern \"dog breeds\" are particular breed standards, sharing a common set of heritable characteristics, determined by the kennel club that recognizes the breed.", "Dog type __knowledge__ Dog types include ancestral forms (or \"landraces\") that arose undocumented over a long time.", "Dog type __knowledge__ A \"dog type\" can be referred to broadly, as in gun dog, or more specifically, as in spaniel.", "Dog type __knowledge__ Dogs raised and trained for a specific working ability rather than appearance may not closely resemble other dogs doing the same work, or any of the dogs of the analogous breed group of purebred dogs.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.", "Border Collie __knowledge__ In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often.", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ The New Breed was a heel professional wrestling stable that appeared on the ECW brand of World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) in 2007.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ It was originally composed of Elijah Burke and Marcus Cor Von.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ Matt Striker, Kevin Thorn, and Ariel first joined the stable in February 2007, then CM Punk briefly joined the stable in April 2007.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ The faction was created to feud with wrestlers who had been a part of the original Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) promotion in the 1990s.", "The New Breed (ECW) __knowledge__ WWE revived ECW as a third brand in 2006, and hired several former ECW wrestlers – the ECW Originals – to compete on the brand.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The King Charles Spaniel (also known as the English Toy Spaniel) is a small dog breed of the spaniel type.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ In 1903, the Kennel Club combined four separate toy spaniel breeds under this single title.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The other varieties merged into this breed were the Blenheim, Ruby and Prince Charles Spaniels, each of which contributed one of the four colours available in the breed.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ Thought to have originated in the Far East, toy spaniels were first seen in Europe during the 16th century.", "King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ They were made famous by their association with King Charles II of England (1630–1685) and have been linked with English royalty since the time of Queen Mary I (1516–1558).", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Jay Park (Korean name: Park Jae-beom, Hangul: 박재범, Hanja: 朴載範; born April 25, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, rapper, dancer, record producer, model, choreographer, entrepreneur and actor.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ He is a member of the Seattle-based b-boy crew, Art of Movement (AOM), and founder and co-CEO of the independent hip hop record label AOMG and his new global label H1GHR Music.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ He also signed with the record label Roc Nation, becoming the first Asian-American to do so.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Park started as a b-boy and dancer, known for his charismatic performances and stage presence.", "Jay Park __knowledge__ Park was described as a \"born entertainer\" by Korean pop singer Patti Kim, and \"The New York Times\" quoted the president of digital music distributor DFSB Kollective describing Park as \"not just an artist, but also his own PR agent, fan club president, and TV network.\"", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The French Bulldog, also known as the Frenchie, is a small breed of domestic dog.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Frenchies were the result in the 1800s of a cross between bulldog ancestors imported from England and local ratters in Paris (France).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ In 2014, they were the fourth most popular registered dog in the United Kingdom and in the U.S. the sixth most popular AKC registered dog breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They were rated the third most popular dog in Australia (for 2017).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They are also on the higher side price-wise.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The cost around $3,000-7,000.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The origin of the modern French Bulldog breed descends directly from the dogs of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe.", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ The Munchkin is a relatively new breed of cat characterized by its very short legs, which are caused by a genetic mutation.", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ Much controversy erupted over the breed when it was recognized by The International Cat Association in 1995 with critics voicing concern over potential health and mobility issues.", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ The name \"munchkin\" derives from writer L. Frank Baum's diminutive inhabitants of Munchkin Country, originating in the 1900 novel, \"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz\".", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ Short-legged cats have been documented a number of times around the world since the 1940s.", "Munchkin cat __knowledge__ A British veterinary report in 1944 noted four generations of healthy short-legged cats which were similar to normal cats except for the length of the legs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Hip dysplasia __knowledge__ Hip dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation.", "Hip dysplasia __knowledge__ Hip dysplasia may occur at birth or develop in early life.", "Hip dysplasia __knowledge__ Regardless, it does not typically produce symptoms in babies less than a year old.", "Hip dysplasia __knowledge__ Occasionally one leg may be shorter than the other.", "Hip dysplasia __knowledge__ The left hip is more often affected than the right.", "Hip dysplasia __knowledge__ Complications without treatment can include arthritis, limping, and low back pain.", "Hip dysplasia __knowledge__ Risk factors for hip dysplasia include family history, certain swaddling practices, and breech birth.", "Hip dysplasia __knowledge__ If one identical twin is affected, there is a 40% risk the other will also be affected.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ In dogs, hip dysplasia is an abnormal formation of the hip socket that, in its more severe form, can eventually cause crippling lameness and painful arthritis of the joints.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ It is a genetic (polygenic) trait that is affected by environmental factors.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ It is common in many dog breeds, particularly the larger breeds, and is the most common single cause of arthritis of the hips.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ In the normal anatomy of the hip joint, the root (the thigh bone) is connected to the pelvis at the hip joint.", "Hip dysplasia (canine) __knowledge__ The almost spherical end of the femur head (the caput, or caput ossis femoris) fits into the acetabulum (a concave socket located in the pelvis).", "Cavalier King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small spaniel classed as a toy dog by The Kennel Club and the American Kennel Club.", "Cavalier King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ It originated in the United Kingdom and is one of the more popular breeds in many countries.", "Cavalier King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ Since 2000, it has grown in popularity in the United States and ranks as the 18th most popular pure-breed in the United States (2013 Registration Statistics).", "Cavalier King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ It has a silky, smooth coat and commonly a smooth undocked tail.", "Cavalier King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The breed standard recognizes four colours: Blenheim (chestnut and white), Tricolor (black/white/tan), Black and Tan, and Ruby.", "Cavalier King Charles Spaniel __knowledge__ The breed is generally friendly, affectionate and good with both children and other animals; however, they require a lot of human interaction.", "Barbet dog __knowledge__ The barbet is a breed of dog; it is a medium-sized French water dog.", "Barbet dog __knowledge__ It is listed in Group 8 (retrievers, flushing dogs, water dogs) by the Société Centrale Canine, the French Kennel Club.", "Barbet dog __knowledge__ The breed name \"barbet\" comes from the French word \"barbe\", which means beard.", "Barbet dog __knowledge__ The barbet is a rare breed.", "Barbet dog __knowledge__ Most barbets, especially those shown in conformation shows, are entirely black, black and white, or brown.", "Barbet dog __knowledge__ It is common to see white chest spots and white paws or legs on black or brown coated dogs.", "Barbet dog __knowledge__ \"Parti\", \"creme\", and \"pied\" variations are being born but in very limited numbers.", "Barbet dog __knowledge__ Male barbets usually grow to be about tall and between , while females usually reach about and .", "Leonberger __knowledge__ The Leonberger is a giant dog breed.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ The breed's name derives from the city of Leonberg in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ According to legend, the Leonberger was ostensibly bred as a \"symbolic dog\" that would mimic the lion in the town crest.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ It is in the Working Group for dog shows such as Crufts, but not at the World Dog Show.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ This Mountain dog comes with a generous double coat; the Leonberger is a large, muscular, and elegant dog with balanced body type, medium temperament, and dramatic presence.", "Leonberger __knowledge__ The head is adorned with a striking black mask, and projects the breed's distinct expression of intelligence, pride, and kindliness.", "Dog health __knowledge__ The health of dogs is a well studied area in veterinary medicine.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Infectious diseases that affect dogs are important not only from a veterinary standpoint, but also because of the risk to public health; an example of this is rabies.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Genetic disorders also affect dogs, often due to selective breeding to produce individual dog breeds.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Due to the popularity of both commercial and homemade dog foods, nutrition is also a heavily studied subject.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Some diseases and other health problems are common to both humans and dogs; others are unique to dogs and other animals.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Dogs are susceptible to various diseases; similarly to humans, they can have diabetes, epilepsy, cancer, or arthritis.", "The Intelligence of Dogs __knowledge__ The Intelligence of Dogs is a book on dog intelligence by Stanley Coren, a professor of canine psychology at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver.", "The Intelligence of Dogs __knowledge__ Published in 1994, the book explains Coren's theories about the differences in intelligence between different breeds of dogs.", "The Intelligence of Dogs __knowledge__ Coren published a second edition in 2006.", "The Intelligence of Dogs __knowledge__ Coren defines three aspects of dog intelligence in the book: \"instinctive intelligence\", \"adaptive intelligence\", and \"working and obedience intelligence\".", "The Intelligence of Dogs __knowledge__ Instinctive intelligence refers to a dog's ability to perform the tasks it was bred for, such as herding, pointing, fetching, guarding, or supplying companionship.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ Obedience implies compliance with the direction or command given by the handler.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ For a dog to be considered obedient rather than simply trained in obedience, it must respond reliably each time its handler gives a command.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ Training a dog in obedience can be an ongoing and lengthy process depending on the dog, the methods used, and the skill and understanding of both the trainer and the handler.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ The level of obedience the handler wishes to achieve with the dog is also a major factor in the time involved, as is the commitment to training by the handler.", "Obedience training __knowledge__ Obedience training is often a prerequisite for or component of other training.", "Dobermann __knowledge__ The Dobermann to most of the world (), or Doberman Pinscher as it is known in the United States and Canada, is a medium-large breed of domestic dog originally developed around 1890 by Karl Friedrich Louis Dobermann, a tax collector from Germany.", "Dobermann __knowledge__ The Dobermann has a long muzzle and stands on its toes (not the pads) and is not usually heavy-footed.", "Dobermann __knowledge__ Ideally, they have an even and graceful gait.", "Dobermann __knowledge__ Traditionally, the ears are cropped and posted and the tail is docked.", "Dobermann __knowledge__ However, in some countries it is illegal to do so.", "Dobermann __knowledge__ Dobermanns have markings on the chest, paws/legs, muzzle, above the eyes, and underneath the tail.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The Australian Shepherd, often known simply as the \"Aussie\", is a medium-sized breed of dog that was, despite its name, developed on ranches in the Western United States during the 19th century.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The dog was developed from a breed or breeds from the Basque country in Western Europe.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ It was brought by Basque people to the United States.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ These people had previously lived only briefly in Australia before moving to America.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed otherwise has no connection to Australia.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ There are a number of different theories regarding how the breed came to be associated with Australia, but there is no consensus." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 6, 10 ]

[ "I like German Shepherds. They're a fun medium to large-sized working dog and I hope I can get one some day", "Yes, and I'm surprised they are a relatively new breed of dog. they have only been around since 1899", "They are great for search and rescue, due to their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience", "That is unfortunate but not surprising, given that they are longer than tall, with a proportion of 10 to 8 1/2" ]

[ "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd" ]

[ "Sushi", "I like the kind that has no raw ingredients. ", "I love soy on my sushi but cannot handle wasabi at all. Tried just a pin drop and was on fire for an hour" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Dog food is food specifically formulated and intended for consumption by dogs and other related canines.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Like all carnivores, dogs have sharp, pointed teeth, and have short gastrointestinal tracts better suited for the consumption of meat.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In spite of this natural carnivorous design, dogs have still managed to adapt over thousands of years to survive on the meat and non-meat scraps and leftovers of human existence and thrive on a variety of foods.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In the United States alone, dog owners spent over $8.6 billion on commercially manufactured dog food in 2007.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Some people make their own dog food, feed their dogs meals made from ingredients purchased in grocery or health food stores or give their dogs a raw food diet.", "Abramelin oil __knowledge__ Abramelin oil, also called Oil of Abramelin, is a ceremonial magic oil blended from aromatic plant materials.", "Abramelin oil __knowledge__ Its name came about due to its having been described in a medieval grimoire called \"The Book of Abramelin\" written by Abraham the Jew (presumed to have lived from c.1362–c.1458).", "Abramelin oil __knowledge__ The recipe is adapted from the Jewish Holy anointing oil of the Tanakh, which is described in the Book of Exodus (30:22-25) attributed to Moses.", "Abramelin oil __knowledge__ Abramelin oil became popular in the Western esoteric tradition in the 20th century after the publication of the S. L. MacGregor Mathers English translation of \"The Book of the Sacred Magic of Abramelin the Mage\" (1897), and especially via Aleister Crowley, who used a similar version of the oil in his system of Magick.", "Ingredients of cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics ingredients come from a variety of sources but, unlike the ingredients of food, are often not considered by most consumers.", "Ingredients of cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics often use vibrant colors that are derived from a wide variety of sources, ranging from crushed insects to rust.", "Ingredients of cosmetics __knowledge__ Cosmetics in a variety of forms date back to early civilizations, with the need to improve ones personal appearance being an important factor in attracting a mate.", "Ingredients of cosmetics __knowledge__ Over the years the ingredients have changed dramatically as we discovered how to manufacture our own scents and cosmetic formulas.", "Ingredients of cosmetics __knowledge__ The realization of the dangers of many common ingredients also greatly affected the growing industry.", "Kosher certification agency __knowledge__ A kosher certification agency is an organization that grants a \"hechsher\" (, \"seal of approval\") to ingredients, packaged foods, beverages, and certain materials, as well as food-service providers and facilities in which kosher food is prepared or served.", "Kosher certification agency __knowledge__ This certification verifies that the ingredients, production process, and/or food-service process complies with the standards of \"kashrut\" (Jewish dietary law) as stipulated in the \"Shulchan Arukh\", the benchmark of religious Jewish law.", "Kosher certification agency __knowledge__ The certification agency employs \"mashgichim\" (rabbinic field representatives) to make periodic site visits and oversee the food-production or food-service process in order to verify ongoing compliance.", "Perfume __knowledge__ Perfume ( ; ) is a mixture of fragrant essential oils or aroma compounds, fixatives and solvents, used to give the human body, animals, food, objects, and living-spaces an agreeable scent.", "Perfume __knowledge__ It is usually in liquid form and used to give a pleasant scent to a person's body.", "Perfume __knowledge__ Ancient texts and archaeological excavations show the use of perfumes in some of the earliest human civilizations.", "Perfume __knowledge__ Modern perfumery began in the late 19th century with the commercial synthesis of aroma compounds such as vanillin or coumarin, which allowed for the composition of perfumes with smells previously unattainable solely from natural aromatics alone.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ Raw feeding is the practice of feeding domestic dogs, cats and other animals a diet consisting primarily of uncooked meat, edible bones, and organs.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ The ingredients used to formulate raw diets can vary.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ Some pet owners choose to make home-made raw diets to feed their animals but commercial raw food diets are also available.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ The practice of feeding raw diets has raised some concerns due to the risk of food borne illnesses, zoonosis and nutritional imbalances.", "Raw feeding __knowledge__ People who feed their dogs raw food do so for a multitude of reasons, including but not limited to: culture, beliefs surrounding health, nutrition and what is perceived to be more natural for their pets.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Pet food is plant or animal material intended for consumption by pets.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Typically sold in pet stores and supermarkets, it is usually specific to the type of animal, such as dog food or cat food.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Most meat used for nonhuman animals is a byproduct of the human food industry, and is not regarded as \"human grade\".", "Pet food __knowledge__ Four companies—Procter & Gamble, Nestlé, Mars, and Colgate-Palmolive—are thought to control 80% of the world's pet-food market, which in 2007 amounted to US$ 45.12 billion for cats and dogs alone.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Pet food sales in 2016 reached an all-time high of $28.23 billion in the United States.", "Pet food __knowledge__ Mars is the leading company in the pet food industry, making about $17 billion annually in pet care products.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ Ceviche () is a seafood dish popular in the coastal regions of Latin America and the Caribbean.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ Though the origin of ceviche is hotly debated, the dish is most closely associated with Peru.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ It is typically made from fresh raw fish cured in citrus juices, such as lemon or lime, and spiced with \"ají\" or chili peppers.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ Additional seasonings, such as chopped onions, salt, and cilantro, may also be added.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ Ceviche is usually accompanied by side dishes that complement its flavors, such as sweet potato, lettuce, corn, avocado or plantain.", "Ceviche __knowledge__ As the dish is not cooked with heat, it must be prepared and consumed fresh to minimize the risk of food poisoning.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The history of sushi began with paddy fields in Southeast Asia, where fish was fermented with salt and rice, after which the rice was discarded.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The dish is today known as \"narezushi\", and was introduced to Japan around the Yayoi period.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In the Muromachi period, people began to eat the rice as well as the fish.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ During the Edo period, vinegar rather than fermented rice began to be used.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In pre-modern times and modern times, it has become a form of fast food strongly associated with Japanese culture.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The earliest form of sushi, a dish today known as narezushi, has its probable origin with paddy fields along the Mekong river in Southeast Asia.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ This is a list of Japanese condiments by type.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ Mirin is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ It is a kind of rice wine similar to sake, but with a lower alcohol content—14% instead of 20%.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ There are three general types.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The first is \"hon mirin\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ true mirin), which contains alcohol.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The second is \"shio mirin\", which contains alcohol as well as 1.5% salt to avoid alcohol tax.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The third is \"shin mirin\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ new mirin), or \"mirin-fu chomiryo\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ mirin-like seasoning), which contains less than 1% alcohol yet retains the same flavour.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ Rice vinegar is a very mild and mellow vinegar and ranges in colour from colourless to pale yellow.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ , literally \"rotation sushi\", also called , is a form of sushi restaurant common in Japan.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ In Australasia, it is also known as a sushi train.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ Kaiten-zushi is a sushi restaurant where the plates with the sushi are placed on a rotating conveyor belt or moat that winds through the restaurant and moves past every table, counter and seat.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ Customers may place special orders, but most simply pick their selections from a steady stream of fresh sushi moving along the conveyor belt.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ The final bill is based on the number and type of plates of the consumed sushi.", "Conveyor belt sushi __knowledge__ Some restaurants use a fancier presentation such as miniature wooden \"sushi boats\" traveling small canals or miniature locomotive cars.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Sashimi (; , ) is a Japanese delicacy consisting of very fresh raw meat or fish sliced into thin pieces.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ The word \"sashimi\" means \"pierced body\", i.e.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ \"刺身\" = \"sashimi\", where 刺し = \"sashi\" (pierced, stuck) and 身 = \"mi\" (body, meat).", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word dates from the Muromachi period, and was possibly coined when the word \"切る\" = \"kiru\" (cut), the culinary step, was considered too inauspicious to be used by anyone other than samurai.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word may derive from the culinary practice of sticking the fish's tail and fin to the slices for the purpose of identifying the fish being eaten.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Another possibility for the name could come from the traditional method of harvesting.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ The origin of wasabi cuisine has been clarified from the oldest historical records; it takes its rise in Nara prefecture, and more recently has seen a surge in popularity from the early 1990s to mid 2000s.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ Wasabi is generally sold either as a stem, which must be very finely grated before use, as dried powder in large quantities, or as a ready-to-use paste in tubes similar to travel toothpaste tubes.", "Wasabi __knowledge__ Because it grows mostly submerged, it is a common misconception to refer to the part used for wasabi as a \"root\" or sometimes even a \"rhizome\": it is in fact the stem of the plant, with the characteristic leaf scar where old leaves fell off or were collected.", "Sushirrito __knowledge__ Sushirrito is a fast casual restaurant concept that started in San Francisco in January 2011.", "Sushirrito __knowledge__ It is a blend of traditional sushi with the added convenience of having it to-go.", "Sushirrito __knowledge__ Sushirrito offers Asian-Latin fusion sushi burritos that are made-to-order with a counter service, assembly line setup.", "Sushirrito __knowledge__ As of December 2017, it has 8 locations in the San Francisco Bay Area and New York City.", "Sushirrito __knowledge__ Peter Yen, founder of Sushirrito, worked in downtown San Francisco and was hungry for sushi but did not have time to sit down for a meal.", "Sushirrito __knowledge__ Yen believed that sushi did not have to be a meal where one would have to spend a long time to enjoy – he believed that he could make it more convenient for people on the go.", "Sushi Pack __knowledge__ Sushi Pack is a Canadian-American animated television series produced by DIC Entertainment and American Greetings, that aired on the KEWLopolis block on CBS from November 3, 2007 to September 12, 2009.", "Sushi Pack __knowledge__ The show features a team of anthropomorphic wasabi, salmon egg sushi, crab sushi, tuna sushi, and octopus sushi as they use their wits and their emotions to save the world and educate young children.", "Sushi Pack __knowledge__ The Sushi Pack team lives in a donut shop with their human friend, Ben.", "Sushi Pack __knowledge__ Despite the superhero element of the show, violence is used only as a last resort.", "Sushi Pack __knowledge__ The closing theme song of the show is a techno/rap/funk hybrid song written by Phofo, composer for the entire series." ] ]

[ 2, 3, 42 ]

[ "I'm not a big fan of sushi which can be prepared with raw seafood although some varieties use cooked ingredients and there are some vegetarian options. Do you enjoy sushi?", "Yes! Me too! lol Sushi is usually served with ginger, wasabi and soy. Do you like wasabi?", "It is HOT! The origin of wasabi has been clarified from old historical records. It takes its rise in Nara prefecture and lately become popular in the 2000s." ]

[ "Sushi", "Sushi", "Sushi" ]

[ "Shellfish", "I have eaten shell fish before. In fact, where I live the Native American population significantly relied on shellfish for food", "What kinds are found in freshwater?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Shellfish is a culinary and fisheries term for exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food, including various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Although most kinds of shellfish are harvested from saltwater environments, some kinds are found in freshwater.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ In addition, a few species of land crabs are eaten, for example \"Cardisoma guanhumi\" in the Caribbean.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Despite the name, shellfish are not a kind of fish, but are simply water-dwelling animals.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Many varieties of shellfish (crustaceans in particular) are actually closely related to insects and arachnids, making up one of the main classes of the phylum Arthropoda.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Cephalopods (squids, octopuses, cuttlefish) and bivalves (clams, oysters) are molluscs, as are Gastropods (aquatic species such as whelks and winkles; also land species such as snails and slugs).", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Familiar marine molluscs used as a food source by humans include many species of clams, mussels, oysters, winkles, and scallops.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Some crustaceans commonly eaten are shrimp, lobsters, crayfish, and crabs.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Echinoderms are not as frequently harvested for food as molluscs and crustaceans; however, sea urchin roe is quite popular in many parts of the world.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Most shellfish eat a diet composed primarily of phytoplankton and zooplankton." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Shellfish is a culinary and fisheries term for exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food, including various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Although most kinds of shellfish are harvested from saltwater environments, some kinds are found in freshwater.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ In addition, a few species of land crabs are eaten, for example \"Cardisoma guanhumi\" in the Caribbean.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Despite the name, shellfish are not a kind of fish, but are simply water-dwelling animals.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Many varieties of shellfish (crustaceans in particular) are actually closely related to insects and arachnids, making up one of the main classes of the phylum Arthropoda.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Cephalopods (squids, octopuses, cuttlefish) and bivalves (clams, oysters) are molluscs, as are Gastropods (aquatic species such as whelks and winkles; also land species such as snails and slugs).", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Familiar marine molluscs used as a food source by humans include many species of clams, mussels, oysters, winkles, and scallops.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Some crustaceans commonly eaten are shrimp, lobsters, crayfish, and crabs.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Echinoderms are not as frequently harvested for food as molluscs and crustaceans; however, sea urchin roe is quite popular in many parts of the world.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Most shellfish eat a diet composed primarily of phytoplankton and zooplankton.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some people abstain from consuming various foods and beverages in conformity with various religious, cultural, legal or other societal prohibitions.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many of these prohibitions constitute taboos.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Many food taboos and other prohibitions forbid the meat of a particular animal, including mammals, rodents, reptiles, amphibians, fish, molluscs, crustaceans and insects, which may relate to a disgust response being more often associated with meats than plant-based foods.", "Food and drink prohibitions __knowledge__ Some prohibitions are specific to a particular part or excretion of an animal, while others forgo the consumption of plants or fungi.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ Blombos Cave is an archaeological site located in Blombosfontein Nature Reserve, about 300 km east of Cape Town on the Southern Cape coastline, South Africa.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ The cave contains Middle Stone Age deposits currently dated at between c. 100,000 and 70,000 years before present (BP), and a Late Stone Age sequence dated at between 2000 and 300 years BP.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ The cave site was first excavated in 1991 and field work has been conducted there on a regular basis since 1997 – and is ongoing.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ The excavations at Blombos Cave have yielded important new information on the behavioural evolution of modern humans.", "Blombos Cave __knowledge__ The archaeological record from this cave site has been central in the ongoing debate on the cognitive and cultural origin of early humans and to the current understanding of when and where key behavioural innovations emerged among \"Homo sapiens\" in southern Africa during the Late Pleistocene.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ There are over 500 federally recognized tribes within the U.S., about half of which are associated with Indian reservations.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The term excludes Native Hawaiians and some Alaska Natives.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ The ancestors of modern Native Americans arrived in what is now the United States at least 15,000 years ago, possibly much longer, from Asia through Beringia.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ A vast variety of peoples, societies and cultures subsequently developed.", "Native Americans in the United States __knowledge__ Native Americans were greatly affected by the European colonization of the Americas, which began in 1492, and their population declined precipitously due to introduced diseases, warfare, and slavery.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Marine life, or sea life or ocean life, refers to the plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries.", "Marine life __knowledge__ At a fundamental level, marine life helps determine the very nature of our planet.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Marine organisms produce much of the oxygen we breathe.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Shorelines are in part shaped and protected by marine life, and some marine organisms even help create new land.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Most life forms evolved initially in marine habitats.", "Marine life __knowledge__ Oceans provide about 99 percent of the living space on the planet.", "Marine life __knowledge__ The earliest vertebrates appeared in the form of fish, which live exclusively in water.", "Fish __knowledge__ Fish are the gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits.", "Fish __knowledge__ They form a sister group to the tunicates, together forming the olfactores.", "Fish __knowledge__ Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups.", "Fish __knowledge__ Tetrapods emerged within lobe-finned fishes, so cladistically they are fish as well.", "Fish __knowledge__ However, traditionally fish are rendered paraphyletic by excluding the tetrapods (i.e., the amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals which all descended from within the same ancestry).", "Fish __knowledge__ Because in this manner the term \"fish\" is defined negatively as a paraphyletic group, it is not considered a formal taxonomic grouping in systematic biology.", "North American river otter __knowledge__ The North American river otter (\"Lontra canadensis\"), also known as the northern river otter or the common otter, is a semiaquatic mammal endemic to the North American continent found in and along its waterways and coasts.", "North American river otter __knowledge__ An adult river otter can weigh between .", "North American river otter __knowledge__ The river otter is protected and insulated by a thick, water-repellent coat of fur.", "North American river otter __knowledge__ The river otter, a member of the subfamily Lutrinae in the weasel family (Mustelidae), is equally versatile in the water and on land.", "North American river otter __knowledge__ It establishes a burrow close to the water's edge in river, lake, swamp, coastal shoreline, tidal flat, or estuary ecosystems.", "Fauna of Australia __knowledge__ The fauna of Australia consists of a huge variety of animals; some 83% of mammals, 89% of reptiles, 24% of fish and insects and 93% of amphibians that inhabit the continent are endemic to Australia.", "Fauna of Australia __knowledge__ This high level of endemism can be attributed to the continent's long geographic isolation, tectonic stability, and the effects of an unusual pattern of climate change on the soil and flora over geological time.", "Fauna of Australia __knowledge__ A unique feature of Australia's fauna is the relative scarcity of native placental mammals.", "Fauna of Australia __knowledge__ Consequently, the marsupials — a group of mammals that raise their young in a pouch, including the macropods, possums and dasyuromorphs — occupy many of the ecological niches placental animals occupy elsewhere in the world.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects or Insecta (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], \"cut into sections\") are by far the largest group of hexapod invertebrates within the arthropod phylum.", "Insect __knowledge__ Definitions and circumscriptions vary; in one approach insects comprise a class within the Phylum Arthropoda.", "Insect __knowledge__ As the term is used here, it is synonymous with Ectognatha.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae.", "Insect __knowledge__ They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms.", "Geography and ecology of the Everglades __knowledge__ The geography and ecology of the Everglades involve the complex elements affecting the natural environment throughout the southern region of the U.S. state of Florida.", "Geography and ecology of the Everglades __knowledge__ Before drainage, the Everglades were an interwoven mesh of marshes and prairies covering .", "Geography and ecology of the Everglades __knowledge__ The Everglades is simultaneously a vast watershed that has historically extended from Lake Okeechobee south to Florida Bay (around one-third of the southern Florida peninsula), and many interconnected ecosystems within a geographic boundary.", "Geography and ecology of the Everglades __knowledge__ It is such a unique meeting of water, land, and climate that the use of either singular or plural to refer to the Everglades is appropriate." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Shellfish is a culinary and fisheries term for exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food, including various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Although most kinds of shellfish are harvested from saltwater environments, some kinds are found in freshwater.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ In addition, a few species of land crabs are eaten, for example \"Cardisoma guanhumi\" in the Caribbean.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Despite the name, shellfish are not a kind of fish, but are simply water-dwelling animals.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Many varieties of shellfish (crustaceans in particular) are actually closely related to insects and arachnids, making up one of the main classes of the phylum Arthropoda.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Cephalopods (squids, octopuses, cuttlefish) and bivalves (clams, oysters) are molluscs, as are Gastropods (aquatic species such as whelks and winkles; also land species such as snails and slugs).", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Familiar marine molluscs used as a food source by humans include many species of clams, mussels, oysters, winkles, and scallops.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Some crustaceans commonly eaten are shrimp, lobsters, crayfish, and crabs.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Echinoderms are not as frequently harvested for food as molluscs and crustaceans; however, sea urchin roe is quite popular in many parts of the world.", "Shellfish __knowledge__ Most shellfish eat a diet composed primarily of phytoplankton and zooplankton.", "John Freshwater __knowledge__ John Freshwater (born June 22, 1956) is a former science teacher at Mount Vernon Middle School in Mount Vernon, Ohio, who was dismissed by the Board of Education for teaching creationism in a public school.", "John Freshwater __knowledge__ Freshwater was suspended without pay and requested a public administrative hearing, which began in October 2008 and concluded in January 2011 with the hearing referee recommending the school board terminate Freshwater's teaching contract.", "John Freshwater __knowledge__ One week later, the Board terminated Freshwater's contracts.", "John Freshwater __knowledge__ Additionally, Freshwater was involved with two federal court cases regarding the accusations, one brought against him by the student because Freshwater burned a cross into his arm, which was settled out of court, and in the other Freshwater sued his employers, which he later withdrew.", "Unionoida __knowledge__ Unionoida is a monophyletic order of freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve molluscs.", "Unionoida __knowledge__ The order includes most of the larger freshwater mussels, including the freshwater pearl mussels.", "Unionoida __knowledge__ The most common families are the Unionidae and the Margaritiferidae.", "Unionoida __knowledge__ All have in common a larval stage that is temporarily parasitic on fish, nacreous shells, high in organic matter, that may crack upon drying out, and siphons too short to permit the animal to live deeply buried in sediment.", "Unionoida __knowledge__ The shells of these mussels are variable in shape, but usually equivalve and elongate.", "Unionoida __knowledge__ They have solid, nacreous valves with a pearly interior, radial sculpture, and an entire pallial line.", "Freshwater, Isle of Wight __knowledge__ Freshwater is a large village and civil parish at the western end of the Isle of Wight, England.", "Freshwater, Isle of Wight __knowledge__ Freshwater Bay is a small cove on the south coast of the Island which also gives its name to the nearby part of Freshwater.", "Freshwater, Isle of Wight __knowledge__ Freshwater sits at the western end of the region known as the Back of the Wight or the West Wight which is a popular tourist area.", "Freshwater, Isle of Wight __knowledge__ Freshwater is close to steep chalk cliffs.", "Freshwater, Isle of Wight __knowledge__ It was the birthplace of physicist Robert Hooke and was the home of Poet Laureate Alfred Lord Tennyson.", "Freshwater, Isle of Wight __knowledge__ Freshwater is famous for its geology and coastal rock formations that have resulted from centuries worth of coastal erosion.", "Eastern freshwater cod __knowledge__ Eastern freshwater cod (\"Maccullochella ikei\"), also known as eastern cod or Clarence River cod, are a large predatory freshwater fish of the \"Maccullochella\" genus and the family Percichthyidae, that occur in the coastal Clarence River system of north-eastern New South Wales.", "Eastern freshwater cod __knowledge__ Eastern freshwater cod are closely related to the Murray cod of the Murray-Darling River system, and are considered an icon of the Clarence River system.", "Eastern freshwater cod __knowledge__ A long-lived, slow-growing species, eastern freshwater cod are threatened by poaching [i.e.", "Eastern freshwater cod __knowledge__ illegal take], habitat degradation, catastrophic natural events such as bushfires, and inbreeding from low genetic diversity.", "Pearl __knowledge__ A pearl is a hard glistening object produced within the soft tissue (specifically the mantle) of a living shelled mollusk or another animal, such as a conulariid.", "Pearl __knowledge__ Just like the shell of a mollusk, a pearl is composed of calcium carbonate (mainly aragonite or a mixture of aragonite and calcite) in minute crystalline form, which has been deposited in concentric layers.", "Pearl __knowledge__ The ideal pearl is perfectly round and smooth, but many other shapes, known as baroque pearls, can occur.", "Pearl __knowledge__ The finest quality natural pearls have been highly valued as gemstones and objects of beauty for many centuries.", "Pearl __knowledge__ Because of this, \"pearl\" has become a metaphor for something rare, fine, admirable and valuable.", "Aquatic ecosystem __knowledge__ An aquatic ecosystem is an ecosystem in a body of water.", "Aquatic ecosystem __knowledge__ Communities of organisms that are dependent on each other and on their environment live in aquatic ecosystems.", "Aquatic ecosystem __knowledge__ The two main types of aquatic ecosystems are marine ecosystems and freshwater ecosystems.", "Aquatic ecosystem __knowledge__ Marine ecosystems cover approximately 71% of the Earth's surface and contain approximately 97% of the planet's water.", "Aquatic ecosystem __knowledge__ They generate 32% of the world's net primary production.", "Aquatic ecosystem __knowledge__ They are distinguished from freshwater ecosystems by the presence of dissolved compounds, especially salts, in the water.", "Aquatic ecosystem __knowledge__ Approximately 85% of the dissolved materials in seawater are sodium and chlorine.", "Bivalvia __knowledge__ Bivalvia, in previous centuries referred to as the Lamellibranchiata and Pelecypoda, is a class of marine and freshwater molluscs that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts.", "Bivalvia __knowledge__ Bivalves as a group have no head and they lack some usual molluscan organs like the radula and the odontophore.", "Bivalvia __knowledge__ They include the clams, oysters, cockles, mussels, scallops, and numerous other families that live in saltwater, as well as a number of families that live in freshwater.", "Bivalvia __knowledge__ The majority are filter feeders.", "Bivalvia __knowledge__ The gills have evolved into ctenidia, specialised organs for feeding and breathing.", "Saltwater crocodile __knowledge__ The saltwater crocodile (\"Crocodylus porosus\"), also known as the estuarine crocodile, Indo-Pacific crocodile, marine crocodile, sea crocodile or informally as saltie, is the largest of all living reptiles, as well as the largest riparian predator in the world.", "Saltwater crocodile __knowledge__ Males of this species can reach sizes up to and possibly up to in length.", "Saltwater crocodile __knowledge__ However, an adult male saltwater crocodile rarely reaches or exceeds a size of weighing .", "Saltwater crocodile __knowledge__ Females are much smaller and often do not surpass .", "Saltwater crocodile __knowledge__ As its name implies, this species of crocodile can live in marine environments, but usually resides in saline and brackish mangrove swamps, estuaries, deltas, lagoons, and lower stretches of rivers.", "Puget Sound salmon recovery __knowledge__ Puget Sound salmon recovery is a collective effort of federal, state and local authorities and non-profit coalitions of universities, scientists, business and industry aimed at restoring Pacific salmon and anadromous forms of Pacific trout (\"Oncorhynchus\") within the Puget Sound region.", "Puget Sound salmon recovery __knowledge__ The Puget Sound lies within the native range of the Pacific Salmon (\"Oncorhynchus\") and two sea-run forms of Pacific trout, the coastal rainbow trout (\"O. mykiss irideus\") or steelhead and coastal cutthroat trout (\"O. clarki clarki\").", "Puget Sound salmon recovery __knowledge__ Populations of \"Oncorhynchus\" have seen significant declines since the middle of the 19th century due to over fishing, habitat loss, pollution and disease.", "Saltwater intrusion __knowledge__ Saltwater intrusion is the movement of saline water into freshwater aquifers, which can lead to contamination of drinking water sources and other consequences.", "Saltwater intrusion __knowledge__ Saltwater intrusion occurs naturally to some degree in most coastal aquifers, owing to the hydraulic connection between groundwater and seawater.", "Saltwater intrusion __knowledge__ Because saline water has a higher mineral content than freshwater, it is denser and has a higher water pressure.", "Saltwater intrusion __knowledge__ As a result, saltwater can push inland beneath the freshwater.", "Saltwater intrusion __knowledge__ Certain human activities, especially groundwater pumping from coastal freshwater wells, have increased saltwater intrusion in many coastal areas.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ A marine aquarium is an aquarium that keeps marine plants and animals in a contained environment.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ Marine aquaria are further subdivided by hobbyists into fish only (FO), fish only with live rock (FOWLR), and reef aquaria.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ Fish only tanks often showcase large or aggressive marine fish species and generally rely on mechanical and chemical filtration.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ FOWLR and reef tanks use live rock, a material composed of coral skeletons harboring beneficial nitrogen waste metabolizing bacteria, as a means of more natural biological filtration.", "Marine aquarium __knowledge__ Marine fishkeeping is different from its freshwater counterpart because of the fundamental differences in the constitution of saltwater and the resulting differences in the adaptation of its inhabitants.", "Nile crocodile __knowledge__ The Nile crocodile (\"Crocodylus niloticus\") is an African crocodile, the largest freshwater predator in Africa, and may be considered the second largest extant reptile in the world, after the saltwater crocodile (\"Crocodylus porosus\").", "Nile crocodile __knowledge__ The Nile crocodile is quite widespread throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, occurring mostly in the central, eastern, and southern regions of the continent and lives in different types of aquatic environments such as lakes, rivers and marshlands.", "Nile crocodile __knowledge__ Although capable of living in saline environments, this species is rarely found in saltwater, but occasionally inhabits deltas and brackish lakes." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "Hello, have you eaten a shell fish before? If you have not it is exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food.", "Nice, harvested from saltwater environments, some kinds are found in freshwater.", "I'm not sure buddy but what I am 100% sure of is that shellfish are not a kind of fish, but are simply water-dwelling animals." ]

[ "Shellfish", "Shellfish", "Shellfish" ]

[ "Punk rock\nI really enjoy listening to punk rock. I go to their concerts at night. ", "Wow! That's a long time ago. Have you listened to the Decendents? ", "I also like the Ramones! Last night I saw Anthrax, a metal band. ", "That's really impressive. I haven't started collecting their records yet. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ The term \"punk rock\" was first used by certain American rock critics in the early 1970s to describe 1960s garage bands and subsequent acts then perceived as stylistic inheritors.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Between 1974 and 1976 the movement now bearing the name \"punk rock\" emerged.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ It produced a new generation of bands such as Television and the Ramones in New York City, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, and the Damned in London, and the Saints in Brisbane—by late-1976 these acts were generally recognized as forming its vanguard.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ As 1977 approached, punk rock became a major and highly controversial cultural phenomenon in the United Kingdom.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Punk subculture includes a diverse array of ideologies, fashion, and other forms of expression, visual art, dance, literature and film.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ It is largely characterised by anti-establishment views and the promotion of individual freedom, and is centred on a loud, aggressive genre of rock music called punk rock.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ It's adherents are referred to as \"punks\".", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Punk politics cover the entire political spectrum.", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ Common punk ethos includes anti-authoritarianism, a do-it-yourself ethic, non-conformity, direct action and not \"selling out\".", "Punk subculture __knowledge__ There is a wide range of punk fashion, including deliberately offensive T-shirts, leather jackets, Dr. Martens boots, etc., hairstyles such as brightly coloured hair and spiked mohawks, etc., cosmetics, tattoos, jewellery and body modification.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is a subgenre of alternative rock and a subculture that emerged during the in the Pacific Northwest U.S. state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns.", "Grunge __knowledge__ The early grunge movement revolved around Seattle's independent record label Sub Pop and that region's underground music scene.", "Grunge __knowledge__ By the early 1990s its popularity had spread, with grunge bands appearing in California, then emerging in other parts of the United States and in Australia, building strong followings and signing major record deals.", "Grunge __knowledge__ Grunge was commercially successful in the early–mid 1990s, due to releases such as Nirvana's \"Nevermind\", Pearl Jam's \"Ten\", Soundgarden's \"Superunknown\", Alice in Chains' \"Dirt\" and Stone Temple Pilots' \"Core\".", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Hardcore punk __knowledge__ Hardcore punk (often abbreviated to hardcore) is a punk rock music genre and subculture that originated in the late 1970s.", "Hardcore punk __knowledge__ It is generally faster, harder, and more aggressive than other forms of punk rock.", "Hardcore punk __knowledge__ Its roots can be traced to earlier punk scenes in San Francisco and Southern California which arose as a reaction against the still predominant hippie cultural climate of the time.", "Hardcore punk __knowledge__ It was also inspired by New York punk rock and early proto-punk.", "Hardcore punk __knowledge__ New York punk had a harder-edged sound than its San Francisco counterpart, featuring anti-art expressions of masculine anger, energy and subversive humor.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols were an English punk rock band that formed in London in 1975.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ They were responsible for initiating the punk movement in the United Kingdom and inspiring many later punk and alternative rock musicians.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Although their initial career lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced only four singles and one studio album, \"Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols\", they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols originally comprised vocalist Johnny Rotten, guitarist Steve Jones, drummer Paul Cook and bassist Glen Matlock.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Matlock was replaced by Sid Vicious in early 1977.", "The Clash __knowledge__ The Clash were an English rock band formed in London in 1976 as part of the original wave of British punk rock.", "The Clash __knowledge__ Along with punk rock, the Clash also have played music genres such as experimental rock, and new wave and their music often also incorporated elements of reggae, dub, funk, ska and rockabilly.", "The Clash __knowledge__ For most of their recording career the Clash consisted of Joe Strummer (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mick Jones (lead guitar, lead vocals), Paul Simonon (bass guitar, vocals) and Nicky \"Topper\" Headon (drums, percussion).", "The Clash __knowledge__ Headon left the group in 1982, and internal friction led to Jones' departure the following year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ The term \"punk rock\" was first used by certain American rock critics in the early 1970s to describe 1960s garage bands and subsequent acts then perceived as stylistic inheritors.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Between 1974 and 1976 the movement now bearing the name \"punk rock\" emerged.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ It produced a new generation of bands such as Television and the Ramones in New York City, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, and the Damned in London, and the Saints in Brisbane—by late-1976 these acts were generally recognized as forming its vanguard.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ As 1977 approached, punk rock became a major and highly controversial cultural phenomenon in the United Kingdom.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago 2 (; literally \"Our Story 2\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the second of a two-part series and the sequel to \"Long Long Time Ago\".", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Continuing from \"Long Long Time Ago\", Zhao Di takes over her family farm with the help of Ah Long after the 1969 floods.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ After the government started reclaiming land for development in 1977, licensed owners like Zhao Di are compensated but her brother accuses her of having an affair with Ah Long to get the money for himself.", "Long Long Time Ago 2 __knowledge__ Osman does not approve his son playing in a rock band as he fears the negative influence, causing his son to run away from home.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Long Long Time Ago (; literally \"Our Story\") is a 2016 Singaporean period film directed by Jack Neo, the first of a two-part series.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The film commemorates Singapore's 50th birthday and stars Aileen Tan, Mark Lee and Wang Lei as the main casts.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ The story spans from 1965 to the early 1970s.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ Heavily pregnant Zhao Di, the unwanted second wife of an older man, was chased out by her husband's family and forced to return to her own family.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ She eventually gave birth to twins, Shun Fatt and Su-Fang.", "Long Long Time Ago __knowledge__ As Su-Fang had two moles on her face, which was said to be bad luck, Zhao Di decided to give her up due to the pressure of wanting to build a better life for the rest of her family.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "Garage rock __knowledge__ Garage rock (sometimes called 60s punk or garage punk) is a raw and energetic style of rock and roll that flourished in the mid-1960s, most notably in the United States and Canada.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ The style is characterized by basic chord structures played on electric guitars and other instruments, sometimes distorted through a fuzzbox, as well as often unsophisticated and occasionally aggressive lyrics and delivery.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ The term \"garage rock\" derives from the perception that groups were often made up of young amateurs who rehearsed in the family garage, although many were professional.", "Garage rock __knowledge__ In the US and Canada, surf rock—and later the Beatles and other beat groups of the British Invasion—motivated thousands of young people to form bands between 1963 and 1968.", "Acid rock __knowledge__ Acid rock is a loosely defined type of rock music that evolved out of the mid-1960s garage punk movement and helped launch the psychedelic subculture.", "Acid rock __knowledge__ The style is generally defined by heavy, distorted guitars, lyrics with drug references, and long improvised jams.", "Acid rock __knowledge__ Distinguishing acid rock from other genres can be tenuous, as much of the style overlaps with 1960s punk, proto-metal, and heavy, blues-based hard rock.", "Acid rock __knowledge__ The term, which derives its name from lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), is sometimes deployed as a synonym of \"psychedelic rock\", but it may also refer to a more musically intense subgenre or sibling to the psychedelic rock style.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as \"rock and roll\" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.", "Rock music __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, a style which drew heavily on the African-American genres of blues and rhythm and blues, and from country music.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as electric blues and folk, and incorporated influences from jazz, classical and other musical styles.", "Rock music __knowledge__ Musically, rock has centered on the electric guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass and drums and one or more singers.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock is rock music from the United States.", "American rock __knowledge__ It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, rhythm and blues, and country music, and also drew on folk music, jazz, blues, and classical music.", "American rock __knowledge__ American rock music was further influenced by the British Invasion of the American pop charts from 1964 and resulted in the development of garage rock.", "American rock __knowledge__ From the late 1960s and early 1970s, American rock music was highly influential in the development of a number of fusions, including blending with folk music to create folk rock, with blues to create blues rock, with country music to create country rock, roots rock and southern rock and with jazz to create jazz rock, all of which contributed to psychedelic rock.", "Garage punk (fusion genre) __knowledge__ Garage punk is a rock music fusion genre combining the influences of garage rock, punk rock, and other forms, that took shape in the indie rock underground between the late 1980s and early 1990s.", "Garage punk (fusion genre) __knowledge__ Bands drew heavily from stripped-down 1970s punk rock and Detroit proto-punk, and incorporated numerous other styles into their approach, such as power pop, 1960s girl groups and garage rock, hardcore punk, early blues and R&B, and surf rock.", "Garage punk (fusion genre) __knowledge__ The term more frequently refers to the 1960s style, but is sometimes used interchangeably with \"garage rock\" or \"garage revival\".", "Garage punk (fusion genre) __knowledge__ \"Garage punk\" dates as early as 1972, although \"punk\" was not solidified as a genre until 1976.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the events and trends in popular music in the 1960s.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ In North America and Europe the decade was particularly revolutionary in terms of popular music, as it saw the evolution of rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ At the beginning of the 1960s, pop and rock and roll trends of the 1950s continued; nevertheless, the rock and roll of the decade before started to merge into a more international, eclectic variant known as rock.", "1960s in music __knowledge__ In the early-1960s, rock and roll in its purest form was gradually overtaken by pop rock, beat, psychedelic rock, blues rock, and folk rock, which had grown in popularity." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ The term \"punk rock\" was first used by certain American rock critics in the early 1970s to describe 1960s garage bands and subsequent acts then perceived as stylistic inheritors.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Between 1974 and 1976 the movement now bearing the name \"punk rock\" emerged.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ It produced a new generation of bands such as Television and the Ramones in New York City, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, and the Damned in London, and the Saints in Brisbane—by late-1976 these acts were generally recognized as forming its vanguard.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ As 1977 approached, punk rock became a major and highly controversial cultural phenomenon in the United Kingdom.", "Anthrax (American band) __knowledge__ Anthrax is an American heavy metal band from New York City, formed in 1981 by rhythm guitarist Scott Ian and bassist Dan Lilker.", "Anthrax (American band) __knowledge__ The group was considered one of the leaders of the thrash metal scene during the 1980s and is one of the \"Big Four\" thrash metal bands with Metallica, Megadeth, and Slayer; Anthrax is the only one of the four from the East Coast.", "Anthrax (American band) __knowledge__ As of April 2017, the band has released 11 studio albums, several other albums, and 26 singles, including collaborating on a single with American hip hop group Public Enemy.", "Anthrax (American band) __knowledge__ According to Nielsen SoundScan, Anthrax sold 2.5 million records in the United States from 1991 to 2004, with worldwide sales of 10 million.", "Ramones __knowledge__ The Ramones were an American punk rock band that formed in the New York City neighborhood of Forest Hills, Queens, in 1974.", "Ramones __knowledge__ They are often cited as the first band to define the punk rock sound.", "Ramones __knowledge__ Despite achieving only limited commercial success, the band was vastly influential in both the United States and the United Kingdom, inspiring also the emergence of hardcore punk, pop punk, and alternative rock.", "Ramones __knowledge__ All of the band members adopted pseudonyms ending with the surname \"Ramone\", although none of them were related.", "Ramones __knowledge__ They performed 2,263 concerts, touring virtually nonstop for 22 years.", "Ramones __knowledge__ In 1996, after a tour with the Lollapalooza music festival, the band played a farewell concert and disbanded.", "Overkill (band) __knowledge__ Overkill is an American thrash metal band, formed in 1980 in New Jersey.", "Overkill (band) __knowledge__ They have gone through many line-up changes, leaving bassist D. D. Verni and lead vocalist Bobby \"Blitz\" Ellsworth as the only constant members.", "Overkill (band) __knowledge__ In addition to Verni and Ellsworth, Overkill's current lineup includes Dave Linsk on lead guitar, Derek Tailer on rhythm guitar and Jason Bittner on drums.", "Overkill (band) __knowledge__ Along with Anthrax, whose one-time lead guitarist Dan Spitz was also an early member of Overkill, the band is one of the most successful East Coast thrash metal bands, and they are often called \"the Motörhead of thrash metal\".", "Overkill (band) __knowledge__ The band has a notable mascot named \"Chaly\", a skeletal bat with a skull-like face, horns, bony wings and green eyes, who has appeared on most of their album covers.", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ The 2001 anthrax attacks, also known as Amerithrax from its Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) case name, occurred within the United States over the course of several weeks beginning on September 18, 2001, one week after the September 11 attacks.", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ Letters containing anthrax spores were mailed to several news media offices and two Democratic U.S.", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ Senators (Tom Daschle and Patrick Leahy), killing 5 people and infecting 17 others.", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ According to the FBI, the ensuing investigation became \"one of the largest and most complex in the history of law enforcement.\"", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ A major focus in the early years of the investigation was a bio-weapons expert named Steven Hatfill, who was eventually exonerated.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band was formed in 1981 by drummer Lars Ulrich and vocalist/guitarist James Hetfield.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band's fast tempos, instrumentals and aggressive musicianship made them one of the founding \"big four\" bands of thrash metal, alongside Megadeth, Anthrax and Slayer.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica's current lineup comprises founding members Hetfield and Ulrich, longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett and bassist Robert Trujillo.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Guitarist Dave Mustaine (who formed Megadeth) and bassists Ron McGovney, Cliff Burton and Jason Newsted are former members of the band.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ Megadeth is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ Guitarist Dave Mustaine and bassist David Ellefson formed the band in 1983 shortly after Mustaine's dismissal from Metallica.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ A pioneer of the American thrash metal scene, Megadeth is credited as one of the genre's \"big four,\" along with Metallica, Anthrax, and Slayer, responsible for thrash metal's development and popularization.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ Megadeth plays in a technical style, featuring complex arrangements and fast rhythm sections.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ Themes of death, war, politics, and religion are prominent in the song lyrics.", "Megadeth __knowledge__ In 1985, the band released its debut album, \"Killing Is My Business... and Business Is Good!", "Thrash metal __knowledge__ Thrash metal (or simply thrash) is a subgenre of heavy metal music characterized by its overall aggression and often fast tempo.", "Thrash metal __knowledge__ The songs usually use fast percussive beats and low-register guitar riffs, overlaid with shredding-style lead work.", "Thrash metal __knowledge__ The lyrics often deal with social issues and reproach of The Establishment, using direct and denunciatory language, an approach borrowed from hardcore punk.", "Thrash metal __knowledge__ The genre evolved in the early 1980s from combining the fast drum beats and attitude of hardcore with the double bass drumming, heavy and complex guitar style of the new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM).", "Ramones (album) __knowledge__ Ramones is the debut studio album by American punk rock band the Ramones, released on April 23, 1976 by Sire Records.", "Ramones (album) __knowledge__ After \"Hit Parader\" editor Lisa Robinson saw the band at a gig in New York City, she wrote about them in an article and contacted Danny Fields, insisting that he be their manager.", "Ramones (album) __knowledge__ Fields agreed and convinced Craig Leon to produce \"Ramones\", and the band recorded a demo for prospective record labels.", "Ramones (album) __knowledge__ Leon persuaded Sire president Seymour Stein to listen to the band perform, and he later offered the band a recording contract.", "Ramones (album) __knowledge__ The Ramones began recording in January 1976, needing only seven days and $6,400 to record the album.", "The Clash __knowledge__ The Clash were an English rock band formed in London in 1976 as part of the original wave of British punk rock.", "The Clash __knowledge__ Along with punk rock, the Clash also have played music genres such as experimental rock, and new wave and their music often also incorporated elements of reggae, dub, funk, ska and rockabilly.", "The Clash __knowledge__ For most of their recording career the Clash consisted of Joe Strummer (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mick Jones (lead guitar, lead vocals), Paul Simonon (bass guitar, vocals) and Nicky \"Topper\" Headon (drums, percussion).", "The Clash __knowledge__ Headon left the group in 1982, and internal friction led to Jones' departure the following year.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols were an English punk rock band that formed in London in 1975.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ They were responsible for initiating the punk movement in the United Kingdom and inspiring many later punk and alternative rock musicians.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Although their initial career lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced only four singles and one studio album, \"Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols\", they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ The Sex Pistols originally comprised vocalist Johnny Rotten, guitarist Steve Jones, drummer Paul Cook and bassist Glen Matlock.", "Sex Pistols __knowledge__ Matlock was replaced by Sid Vicious in early 1977.", "Dee Dee Ramone __knowledge__ Douglas Glenn Colvin (September 18, 1951 – June 5, 2002), known professionally as Dee Dee Ramone, was a German-American musician, singer and songwriter best known as founding member, songwriter, bassist and occasional lead vocalist for the punk rock band the Ramones.", "Dee Dee Ramone __knowledge__ Though nearly all of the Ramones' songs were credited equally to all the band members, Dee Dee was the band's most prolific lyricist and composer, writing many of their best-known songs, such as \"53rd & 3rd\", \"Commando\", \"Wart Hog\", \"Rockaway Beach\", and \"Poison Heart\".", "Dee Dee Ramone __knowledge__ He also co-wrote \"Bonzo Goes To Bitburg\", retitled \"My Brain Is Hanging Upside Down,\" with Ramones producer Jean Beauvoir, who was originally from The Plasmatics.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ The history of the punk subculture involves the history of punk rock, the history of various punk ideologies, punk fashion, punk visual art, punk literature, dance, and punk film.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ Since emerging in the United States, the United Kingdom and Australia in the mid-1970s, the punk subculture has spread around the globe and evolved into a number of different forms.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ The history of punk plays an important part in the history of subcultures in the 20th century.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ Several precursors to the punk subculture had varying degrees of influence on that culture.", "History of the punk subculture __knowledge__ A number of philosophical and artistic movements were influences on and precursors to the punk movement." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk rock (or \"punk\") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as \"proto-punk\" music, punk rock bands rejected perceived excesses of mainstream 1970s rock.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Punk embraces a DIY ethic; many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through independent record labels and other informal channels.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ The term \"punk rock\" was first used by certain American rock critics in the early 1970s to describe 1960s garage bands and subsequent acts then perceived as stylistic inheritors.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ Between 1974 and 1976 the movement now bearing the name \"punk rock\" emerged.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ It produced a new generation of bands such as Television and the Ramones in New York City, the Sex Pistols, the Clash, and the Damned in London, and the Saints in Brisbane—by late-1976 these acts were generally recognized as forming its vanguard.", "Punk rock __knowledge__ As 1977 approached, punk rock became a major and highly controversial cultural phenomenon in the United Kingdom.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Amazon tax collection policy has changed over the years.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ In the U.S., state and local sales taxes are levied by state and local governments, not at the federal level.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ In most countries where Amazon operates, a sales tax or value added tax is uniform throughout the country, and Amazon is obliged to collect it from all customers.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Many U.S. states have passed online shopping sales tax laws designed to compel Amazon.com and other e-commerce retailers to collect state and local sales taxes from its customers.", "Amazon tax __knowledge__ Amazon.com originally collected sales tax only from five states as of 2011, but as of April 2017 collects sales taxes from customers in all 45 states that have a state sales tax and in Washington, D.C. Alabama is the highest tax rate charged by Amazon, the Alabama tax rate is 8.45%.", "Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa __knowledge__ Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa is a four-star international conference and banqueting hotel, surrounded by a beautiful park.", "Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa __knowledge__ To many Finns and foreign visitors Kalastajatorppa means superlative in hotels, its guest list includes numerous heads of states and celebrities.", "Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa __knowledge__ The famous round restaurant was opened in 1939, the two hotel buildings in 1969 and 1975.", "Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa __knowledge__ Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa Hotel has a history as far back as 1910 when it was a fisherman’s croft.", "Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa __knowledge__ It all started in a red wooden house, which became a cafeteria established by Brondin Bakery 1915.", "Hilton Helsinki Kalastajatorppa __knowledge__ Eliel Saarinen, a famous Finnish architect, had a vision about Munkkiniemi area as a ”recreational area” but the First World War changed plans.", "POP TV __knowledge__ POP TV is the flagship television channel of the commercial multimedia company PRO PLUS d.o.o.", "POP TV __knowledge__ in Slovenia (PRO PLUS stands for PROduction PLUS).", "POP TV __knowledge__ PRO PLUS is a part of CME (owned by Time Warner).", "POP TV __knowledge__ POP TV has the highest ratings in Slovenia, as measured by the AGB Nielsen Media Research in 2013.", "POP TV __knowledge__ It has received several Reader’s Digest's Trusted Brand awards.", "POP TV __knowledge__ POP TV has received more than 39 Viktors, Slovene awards for media achievements and achievements in popular culture.", "POP TV __knowledge__ At the international festival PROMAX, a festival for promotors and advertisers in electronic media, POP TV has received five awards for its promotional achievements.", "2017 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ The 2017 Daytona 500, the 59th running of the event, was held on February 26, 2017, and was won by Kurt Busch.", "2017 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ This was Busch's 1st Daytona 500 win.", "2017 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Ryan Blaney finished 2nd, and A. J. Allmendinger finished 3rd.", "2017 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ This race was contested for 200 laps on the asphalt superspeedway.", "2017 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ It was the first race of the 2017 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series season, and also marked the 1st race for Monster Energy as the new title sponsor for NASCAR's top series, replacing Sprint.", "2017 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Jeffrey Earnhardt made NASCAR history when he became the 1st ever 4th generation driver to compete in the Daytona 500.", "2017 Daytona 500 __knowledge__ Daytona International Speedway is one of six superspeedways to hold NASCAR races, the others being Michigan International Speedway, Auto Club Speedway, Indianapolis Motor Speedway, Pocono Raceway and Talladega Superspeedway.", "Koh Ker __knowledge__ Koh Ker () is a remote archaeological site in northern Cambodia about away from Siem Reap and the ancient site of Angkor.", "Koh Ker __knowledge__ It is a very jungle filled region that is sparsely populated.", "Koh Ker __knowledge__ More than 180 sanctuaries were found in a protected area of .", "Koh Ker __knowledge__ Only about two dozen monuments can be visited by tourists because most of the sanctuaries are hidden in the forest and the whole area is not fully demined.", "Koh Ker __knowledge__ Koh Ker is the modern name for an important city of the Khmer empire.", "Koh Ker __knowledge__ In inscriptions the town is mentioned as \"Lingapura\" (city of lingams) or \"Chok Gargyar\" (sometimes translated as \"city of glance\", sometimes as \"iron tree forest\").", "Pretty on the Inside __knowledge__ Pretty on the Inside is the debut studio album by American alternative rock band Hole, released on September 17, 1991, in the United States on Caroline Records.", "Pretty on the Inside __knowledge__ Produced by Sonic Youth's Kim Gordon, and Gumball frontman Don Fleming, the album was Hole's first major label release after the band's formation in 1989 by vocalist, songwriter, and guitarist Courtney Love and lead guitarist Eric Erlandson.", "Pretty on the Inside __knowledge__ Blending elements of punk rock and sludge metal, the album features distorted and alternating guitar compositions, screaming vocals from Love, and \"sloppy punk ethics,\" a style which the band would later distance themselves from, opting for a less abrasive sound on subsequent releases.", "Beechcraft L-23 Seminole __knowledge__ The Beechcraft L-23 Seminole (later designated U-8) was the United States Armed Forces designation for the Beechcraft Twin Bonanza and Queen Air aircraft in its inventory.", "Beechcraft L-23 Seminole __knowledge__ In 1951 the United States Army evaluated a Twin Bonanza at Fort Bragg, North Carolina and subsequently ordered four 'off-the-shelf' Model 50s as YL-23s, these being delivered in early 1952.", "Beechcraft L-23 Seminole __knowledge__ Further examples of the Model 50 were ordered under the designation L-23A and Model B50s were also ordered under the designation L-23B.", "Beechcraft L-23 Seminole __knowledge__ These accounted for the majority of Twin Bonanza production during 1952 and 1953, the first L-23A being delivered in February 1953 and the last L-23B being delivered in April the following year., shortly before cessation of the Korean War.", "Anthrax (American band) __knowledge__ Anthrax is an American heavy metal band from New York City, formed in 1981 by rhythm guitarist Scott Ian and bassist Dan Lilker.", "Anthrax (American band) __knowledge__ The group was considered one of the leaders of the thrash metal scene during the 1980s and is one of the \"Big Four\" thrash metal bands with Metallica, Megadeth, and Slayer; Anthrax is the only one of the four from the East Coast.", "Anthrax (American band) __knowledge__ As of April 2017, the band has released 11 studio albums, several other albums, and 26 singles, including collaborating on a single with American hip hop group Public Enemy.", "Anthrax (American band) __knowledge__ According to Nielsen SoundScan, Anthrax sold 2.5 million records in the United States from 1991 to 2004, with worldwide sales of 10 million.", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ The 2001 anthrax attacks, also known as Amerithrax from its Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) case name, occurred within the United States over the course of several weeks beginning on September 18, 2001, one week after the September 11 attacks.", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ Letters containing anthrax spores were mailed to several news media offices and two Democratic U.S.", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ Senators (Tom Daschle and Patrick Leahy), killing 5 people and infecting 17 others.", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ According to the FBI, the ensuing investigation became \"one of the largest and most complex in the history of law enforcement.\"", "2001 anthrax attacks __knowledge__ A major focus in the early years of the investigation was a bio-weapons expert named Steven Hatfill, who was eventually exonerated.", "Anthrax __knowledge__ Anthrax is an infection caused by the bacterium \"Bacillus anthracis\".", "Anthrax __knowledge__ It can occur in four forms: skin, lungs, intestinal, and injection.", "Anthrax __knowledge__ Symptoms begin between one day and two months after the infection is contracted.", "Anthrax __knowledge__ The skin form presents with a small blister with surrounding swelling that often turns into a painless ulcer with a black center.", "Anthrax __knowledge__ The inhalation form presents with fever, chest pain, and shortness of breath.", "Anthrax __knowledge__ The intestinal form presents with diarrhea which may contain blood, abdominal pains, and nausea and vomiting.", "Anthrax __knowledge__ The injection form presents with fever and an abscess at the site of drug injection.", "Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed __knowledge__ Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) — also called MDPH-PA or MDPH-AVA; trade name BioThrax — is the only FDA-licensed human anthrax vaccine in the United States.", "Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed __knowledge__ It is produced by Emergent BioDefense Corporation, formerly known as BioPort Corporation in Lansing, Michigan.", "Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed __knowledge__ The parent company of Emergent BioDefense is Emergent BioSolutions of Rockville, Maryland.", "Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed __knowledge__ AVA originated in studies done in the 1950s and was first licensed for use in humans in 1970.", "Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed __knowledge__ In the U.S., the principal purchasers of the vaccine are the Department of Defense and Department of Health and Human Services.", "Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed __knowledge__ Ten million courses (60 million doses) of the vaccine have been purchased for the U.S. Strategic National Stockpile in anticipation of the need for mass vaccinations owing to a future bio-terrorist anthrax attack.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, California.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band was formed in 1981 by drummer Lars Ulrich and vocalist/guitarist James Hetfield.", "Metallica __knowledge__ The band's fast tempos, instrumentals and aggressive musicianship made them one of the founding \"big four\" bands of thrash metal, alongside Megadeth, Anthrax and Slayer.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Metallica's current lineup comprises founding members Hetfield and Ulrich, longtime lead guitarist Kirk Hammett and bassist Robert Trujillo.", "Metallica __knowledge__ Guitarist Dave Mustaine (who formed Megadeth) and bassists Ron McGovney, Cliff Burton and Jason Newsted are former members of the band.", "Bruce Edwards Ivins __knowledge__ Bruce Edwards Ivins (April 22, 1946 – July 29, 2008) was an American microbiologist, vaccinologist, senior biodefense researcher at the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), Fort Detrick, Maryland, and the key suspect in the 2001 anthrax attacks.", "Bruce Edwards Ivins __knowledge__ On July 29, 2008, he died of an overdose of Tylenol with codeine in an apparent suicide after learning that criminal charges were likely to be filed against him by the Federal Bureau of Investigation for an alleged criminal connection to the 2001 anthrax attacks.", "Bruce Edwards Ivins __knowledge__ No formal charges were ever actually filed against him for the crime, and no direct evidence of his involvement has been uncovered.", "Exodus (American band) __knowledge__ Exodus is an American thrash metal band formed in 1979 in Richmond, California.", "Exodus (American band) __knowledge__ The band has gone through numerous lineup changes, two extended hiatuses, and the deaths of two former band members.", "Exodus (American band) __knowledge__ Their current lineup consists of guitarists Gary Holt and Lee Altus, bassist Jack Gibson, drummer Tom Hunting, and lead vocalist Steve \"Zetro\" Souza.", "Exodus (American band) __knowledge__ Hunting is one of the original members, and departed from Exodus twice, in 1989 and 2004, but rejoined in 2007.", "Exodus (American band) __knowledge__ Holt joined the band about two years after its formation, and is the only member of Exodus to appear on all their releases.", "Exodus (American band) __knowledge__ Since its formation, Exodus has released ten studio albums, two live albums, one compilation album, and a re-recording of their first album." ] ]

[ 2, 7, 11, 48 ]

[ "It's hard to believe that it has its roots in 1960s garage rock.", "I haven't, but I really enjoy the Ramones and the Clash. What other bands do you like?", "Anthrax is great! I have all 11 of their studio albums.", "If you liked Anthrax, you should check out the other members of the \"Big Four\": Metallica, Megadeth, and Slayer." ]

[ "Punk rock", "Punk rock", "Punk rock", "Punk rock" ]

[ "New York City\nI live in a very large city.", "I love New York! It's my favorite place to visit.", "And they have great shopping too!", "That is very neat!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Propiska in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ A propiska () was both a residency permit and a migration-recording tool, used in the Russian Empire before 1917 and in the Soviet Union from the 1930s.", "Propiska in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ Literally, the word \"propiska\" means \"inscription\", alluding to the inscription in a state internal passport permitting a person to reside in a given place.", "Propiska in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ For a state or third-party owned property, \"propiska\" meant a person was included in the rental contract associated with a dwelling.", "Propiska in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ Propiska was documented in local police (Militsiya) registers and certified with a stamp in internal passports.", "Propiska in the Soviet Union __knowledge__ Residing anywhere for longer than a few weeks without a permit was prohibited.", "Edinburgh __knowledge__ Edinburgh (; ; ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas.", "Edinburgh __knowledge__ It is located in Lothian on the Firth of Forth's southern shore.", "Edinburgh __knowledge__ Recognised as the capital of Scotland since at least the 15th century, Edinburgh is home to the Scottish Parliament and the seat of the monarchy in Scotland.", "Edinburgh __knowledge__ Historically part of Midlothian, the city has long been a centre of education, particularly in the fields of medicine, Scots law, literature, the sciences and engineering.", "Edinburgh __knowledge__ It is the second largest financial centre in the United Kingdom and the city's historical and cultural attractions have made it the United Kingdom's second most popular tourist destination, attracting over one million overseas visitors each year.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ The \"Planet of the Apes\" franchise contains many characters that appear in one or more works.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ Caesar (birth name: Milo) is a fictional character in the \"\"Planet of the Apes\" franchise\".", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ He is the leader and later ruler of the apes in both the original and the 2011 reboot series.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ He does not appear in the 2001 film.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ Caesar is the son of talking chimpanzees Cornelius and Zira.", "List of Planet of the Apes characters __knowledge__ Originally named Milo after Dr. Milo, who travelled back in time with Cornelius and Zira to the Earth of Taylor's era, he was reared by his human foster father Armando, a traveling circus owner who gave Cornelius and Zira sanctuary when Zira went into labor in the final act of \"Escape from the Planet of the Apes\".", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ Long Beach is a city on the Pacific Coast of the United States, within the Greater Los Angeles area of Southern California.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ As of 2010, its population was 462,257.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ It is the 36th most populous city in the United States and the 7th most populous in California.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ Long Beach is the second largest city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, and the third largest in Southern California behind Los Angeles and San Diego.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ The Port of Long Beach is the second busiest container port in the United States and is among the world's largest shipping ports.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ The city also maintains a progressively declining oil industry with minor wells located both directly beneath the city as well as offshore.", "Nantes __knowledge__ Nantes () (Gallo: \"Naunnt\" or \"Nantt\" ( or ); ()) is a city in western France on the Loire River, from the Atlantic coast.", "Nantes __knowledge__ The city is the sixth-largest in France, with a population of nearly 300,000 in Nantes and an urban area of 600,000 inhabitants.", "Nantes __knowledge__ With Saint-Nazaire, a seaport on the Loire estuary, Nantes forms the main north-western French metropolis.", "Nantes __knowledge__ It is the administrative seat of the Loire-Atlantique \"département\" and the Pays de la Loire \"région\", one of 18 regions of France.", "Nantes __knowledge__ Nantes belongs historically and culturally to Brittany, a former duchy and province, and its omission from the modern Brittany \"région\" is controversial.", "ZIP Code __knowledge__ ZIP Codes are a system of postal codes used by the United States Postal Service since 1963.", "ZIP Code __knowledge__ The term \"ZIP\" is an acronym for \"Zone Improvement Plan\"; it was chosen to suggest that the mail travels more efficiently and quickly (zipping along) when senders use the code in the postal address.", "ZIP Code __knowledge__ The basic format consists of five digits.", "ZIP Code __knowledge__ An extended 'ZIP+4' code was introduced in 1983 which includes the five digits of the ZIP Code, followed by a hyphen and four additional digits that determine a more specific location.", "ZIP Code __knowledge__ The term \"ZIP Code\" was originally registered as a servicemark by the U.S.", "ZIP Code __knowledge__ Postal Service, but its registration has since expired.", "Calakmul __knowledge__ Calakmul (; also Kalakmul and other less frequent variants) is a Maya archaeological site in the Mexican state of Campeche, deep in the jungles of the greater Petén Basin region.", "Calakmul __knowledge__ It is from the Guatemalan border.", "Calakmul __knowledge__ Calakmul was one of the largest and most powerful ancient cities ever uncovered in the Maya lowlands.", "Calakmul __knowledge__ Calakmul was a major Maya power within the northern Petén Basin region of the Yucatán Peninsula of southern Mexico.", "Calakmul __knowledge__ Calakmul administered a large domain marked by the extensive distribution of their emblem glyph of the snake head sign, to be read \"Kaan\".", "Calakmul __knowledge__ Calakmul was the seat of what has been dubbed the Kingdom of the Snake or Snake Kingdom." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ Tiffany Pollard (born January 6, 1982), sometimes known by her nickname New York, is an American reality television personality and actress.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ She first achieved public recognition for her participation in VH1's \"Flavor of Love\" and \"I Love New York\".", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ Pollard was given the nickname \"New York\" by rapper Flavor Flav.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ She is also known colloquially by her self-proclaimed nickname, the \"HBIC (Head Bitch In Charge)\", which she exclaimed in the \"Flavor of Love\" series to taunt her competitors.", "Tiffany Pollard __knowledge__ In 2016, Pollard took part in the British television series \"Celebrity Big Brother\", finishing in fourth place.", "New York (Glee) __knowledge__ \"New York\" is the twenty-second episode and season finale of the second season of the American musical television series \"Glee\", and the forty-fourth overall.", "New York (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode was written and directed by series creator Brad Falchuk, filmed in part on location in New York City, and first aired on May 24, 2011 on Fox in the United States.", "New York (Glee) __knowledge__ With a $6 million budget, it was reportedly the most expensive episode of \"Glee\" at the time of broadcast.", "New York (Glee) __knowledge__ It garnered a Primetime Emmy nomination for Outstanding Costumes for a Series.", "New York (Glee) __knowledge__ The episode features an appearance by Patti LuPone as herself and guest stars Jonathan Groff, Cheyenne Jackson, and Jake Zyrus.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ I Love New York (season 1) is first season of the VH1 reality television series entitled \"I Love New York\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season consisted of 12 episodes, which first aired weekly from January 8, 2007 to April 15, 2007.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ In July 2006, VH1 published a casting call looking for contestants for their new series tentatively titled \"The Flavorette\".", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Various blogs speculated that the star of this program could be \"Flavor of Love\" season one contestants \"Rain\" (Thela Brown), \"Hoopz\" (Nicole Alexander) or Pollard.", "I Love New York (season 1) __knowledge__ Before the second season finale of \"Flavor of Love\", Pollard denied having her own show but when the Flavor of Love season 2 finale aired, she confirmed she was the \"Flavorette\" and that she was already down to the final three contestants.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ I Love New York is a reality television series featuring Tiffany \"New York\" Pollard on a quest to find her true love.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ The series first aired on VH1 as a spin off to \"Flavor of Love\", another relationship competition series, which featured Pollard as a finalist in two consecutive seasons.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ The winner of the show's first season, Tango (Patrick S. Hunter) failed to deliver as New York's soul mate.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ When the second season aired, Tailor Made (George Weisgerber) was revealed as New York's chosen flame.", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ (Weisgerber and Pollard later separated during the taping of \"New York Goes to Hollywood\".)", "I Love New York (TV series) __knowledge__ In addition to Pollard, a host of other individuals from \"Flavor of Love\", including \"Sister\" Patterson (Pollard's mother), appeared on the show to help Pollard choose the right man.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ I Love New York (stylized I ❤ NY) is a slogan, a logo and a song that are the basis of an advertising campaign and has been used since 1977 to promote tourism in the state of New York, including New York City.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The trademarked logo, owned by the New York State Department of Economic Development, appears in souvenir shops and brochures throughout the state, some licensed, many not.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The \"I Love New York\" song is the state song of New York.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The logo was designed by graphic designer Milton Glaser in 1976 in the back of a taxi, and was drawn with red crayon on scrap paper.", "I Love New York __knowledge__ The original drawing is now held in the Museum of Modern Art in Manhattan.", "I Love New York 2 __knowledge__ I Love New York 2 was a reality television show on VH1 that starred Tiffany \"New York\" Pollard who was on a quest to find her true love.", "I Love New York 2 __knowledge__ Her relationship with season one's winner, Tango, ended shortly after the season concluded.", "I Love New York 2 __knowledge__ Unlike the first season, Mauricio Sanchez did not return as \"Chamo\", New York's assistant.", "I Love New York 2 __knowledge__ Instead of \"Chamo\", New York had \"Big Ant\" (Anthony) as her assistant, and \"bodyguard\".", "I Love New York 2 __knowledge__ The show premiered on October 8, 2007, and featured twenty men competing to be the winner.", "I Love New York 2 __knowledge__ The runner up of season two was Ezra \"Buddha\" Masters who was defeated by George \"Tailor Made\" Weisgerber III.", "I Love Money __knowledge__ I Love Money is an American reality television series airing on VH1 and produced by 51 Minds Entertainment, a subsidiary of Endemol, and is a spin-off of \"Flavor of Love\", \"Charm School\", \"I Love New York\", \"Rock of Love\", \"Real Chance of Love\", \"For the Love of Ray J\", \"Daisy of Love\" and \"Megan Wants a Millionaire\".", "I Love Money __knowledge__ Former contestants on these shows compete in physical and mental challenges, aiming for a $250,000 grand prize.", "I Love Money __knowledge__ Created by executive producers Cris Abrego and Mark Cronin.", "I Love Money __knowledge__ The contestants of the first two seasons were located in Huatulco, Mexico for the duration of their time on the show, while the third and fourth season contestants were located in Manzanillo, Mexico.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ Union City is a city in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ According to the 2010 United States Census the city had a total population of 66,455, reflecting a decline of 633 (−0.9%) from the 67,088 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 9,076 (+15.6%) from the 58,012 counted in the 1990 Census.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ As of the 2010 Census it was the most densely populated city in the United States, with a density of 51,810.1 per square mile.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ Union City was incorporated as a city by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on June 1, 1925, with the merger of Union Hill and West Hoboken Township.", "Union City, New Jersey __knowledge__ The city's name marks the combination of the two municipalities.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ Homelessness in the United States is a social crisis.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ The different states within the United States have varying homeless populations.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ Although throughout the United States panhandling is discouraged, passive panhandling falls under First Amendment rights to free speech.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ In Alabama the prohibition of aggressive panhandling and regulation of passive panhandling is controlled by individual cities, with many panhandlers being charged with loitering offences.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ Loitering for the purposes of begging and prostitution in Alabama is a criminal offense.", "Homelessness in the United States by state __knowledge__ An issue for Alabamans is the proportion of panhandlers defined as vagrants, who contrary to their implications, are not homeless but accept the generosity of the community under this false pretence.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area, also referred to as the Tri-State Area, includes New York City as the most populous city in the United States, Long Island, and the Mid and Lower Hudson Valley in the state of New York; the five largest cities in New Jersey: Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, and Edison, and their vicinities; six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut: Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk, and Danbury, and their vicinities; and five counties in northeastern Pennsylvania.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ As per the 2015 United States Census Bureau estimates, the New York metropolitan area remains, by a significant margin, the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.2 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.7 million residents); it is also one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world, and the single largest in North America.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine Devon Anderson is a fictional character from the American musical comedy-drama television series \"Glee\".", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Played by Darren Criss, Blaine was introduced in the sixth episode of the second season as the openly gay lead singer of the Dalton Academy Warblers, a rival show choir to New Directions, the show's primary musical group.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Blaine initially served as a mentor for New Directions member Kurt Hummel (Chris Colfer).", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Chemistry between the two, combined with fan support for the couple, led series co-creator Ryan Murphy to pair them romantically.", "Blaine Anderson __knowledge__ Their relationship has been well received by critics, and they have been named \"one of the most beloved TV couples of the millennium\" by Jarett Wieselman of the \"New York Post\".", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ New York City's demographics show that it is a large and ethnically diverse metropolis.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ It is the largest city in the United States with a long history of international immigration.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ New York City was home to nearly 8.5 million people in 2014, accounting for over 40% of the population of New York State and a slightly lower percentage of the New York metropolitan area, home to approximately 23.6 million.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ Over the last decade the city has been growing faster than the region.", "Demographics of New York City __knowledge__ The New York region continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for legal immigrants admitted into the United States." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Mullum Malarum __knowledge__ Mullum Malarum () is a 1978 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by J. Mahendran and produced by Venu Chettiar and V. Mohan, with a soundtrack by Ilaiyaraaja.", "Mullum Malarum __knowledge__ The film, starring Rajinikanth, Sarath Babu, Fatafat Jayalaxmi and Shoba, marked Mahendran's directorial debut and is loosely based on Umachandran's novel of the same name.", "Mullum Malarum __knowledge__ It tells the story of Kali, a winch operator who dotes on his sister and clashes with Kumaran, his superior, at a power plant; the dispute eventually costs him his left arm and his job.", "Mullum Malarum __knowledge__ The film's production was tumultuous.", "Mullum Malarum __knowledge__ Chettiar opposed casting Rajinikanth as the protagonist because of his dark skin and typecasting as a villain at the time, but Mahendran refused to direct the film without the actor and Chettiar capitulated.", "Reinhard Süring __knowledge__ Reinhard Süring (15 May 1866 – 29 December 1950) was a German meteorologist who was a native of Hamburg.", "Reinhard Süring __knowledge__ He died in Potsdam, East Germany on 29 December 1950.", "Reinhard Süring __knowledge__ He studied natural sciences and mathematics at Göttingen, Marburg and Berlin, obtaining his doctorate in 1890 with a thesis titled \"Temperaturabnahme in Gebirgsgegenden in ihrer Abhängigkeit von der Bewölkung\".", "Reinhard Süring __knowledge__ Later that year, he became an assistant at the Prussian Meteorological Institute in Berlin, and during the following year, he went to work at the \"Meteorologisch-Magnetischen Observatoriums\" (Magnetic Meteorological Observatory) in Potsdam (1892).", "Southport __knowledge__ Southport () is a large seaside town in Merseyside, England.", "Southport __knowledge__ At the 2001 census, it had a population of 90,336, making it the eleventh most populous settlement in North West England.", "Southport __knowledge__ Southport lies on the Irish Sea coast and is fringed to the north by the Ribble estuary.", "Southport __knowledge__ The town is north of Liverpool and southwest of Preston.", "Southport __knowledge__ Historically part of Lancashire, the town was founded in 1792 when William Sutton, an innkeeper from Churchtown, built a bathing house at what is now the south end of Lord Street.", "Southport __knowledge__ At that time, the area, known as South Hawes, was sparsely populated and dominated by sand dunes.", "West Hartford, Connecticut __knowledge__ West Hartford is an affluent suburb located in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States.", "West Hartford, Connecticut __knowledge__ Located west of downtown Hartford, the population was 63,268 at the 2010 census.", "West Hartford, Connecticut __knowledge__ The town is known for its popular downtown area colloquially known as \"West Hartford Center,\" or simply \"The Center,\" which is centered on Farmington Avenue and South/North Main Street.", "West Hartford, Connecticut __knowledge__ West Hartford Center has been the community's main hub since the late 17th century.", "West Hartford, Connecticut __knowledge__ In 2008, Blue Back Square opened as a new addition to the central area.", "West Hartford, Connecticut __knowledge__ Blue Back includes a bookstore, a movie theater, two parking garages, various physician and medical offices, and several restaurants.", "Avenue de Saxe __knowledge__ The Avenue du Maréchal de Saxe (or Avenue de Saxe) is a broad avenue located in the 3rd and the 6th arrondissements of Lyon.", "Avenue de Saxe __knowledge__ It was named after Maurice de Saxe, Marshal of France.", "Avenue de Saxe __knowledge__ This avenue starts perpendicularly with the Cours Gambetta and ends with the Cours Lafayette.", "Avenue de Saxe __knowledge__ Very large and busy, it is one of the main route of the 3rd arrondissement of Lyon, mostly surrounded by beautiful buildings dating from Haussmann's 19th century, bordered with two rows of plane trees.", "Avenue de Saxe __knowledge__ There are often sculptures and decorations on the doors of buildings.", "Avenue de Saxe __knowledge__ Part of the street formed the Avenue Jean-Jaurès.", "Avenue de Saxe __knowledge__ From No.", "Idstein __knowledge__ Idstein () is a town of about 25,000 inhabitants in the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis in the \"Regierungsbezirk\" of Darmstadt in Hesse, Germany.", "Idstein __knowledge__ Because of its well preserved historical Altstadt (Old Town) it is part of the \"Deutsche Fachwerkstraße\" (German Timber-Frame Road), connecting towns with fire fachwerk buildings and houses.", "Idstein __knowledge__ In 2002, the town hosted the 42nd Hessentag state festival.", "Idstein __knowledge__ Idstein lies in the Taunus mountain range, north of Wiesbaden.", "Idstein __knowledge__ The town's landmark is the \"Hexenturm\" (Witches' Tower), a 12th-century bergfried and part of Idstein Castle.", "Idstein __knowledge__ The Old Town is found between the two brooks running through town, the Wolfsbach in the east and the Wörsbach in the west, on a high ridge reaching up to above sea level.", "Aldborough Hatch __knowledge__ Aldborough Hatch is an area of East London, England, within the London Borough of Redbridge.", "Aldborough Hatch __knowledge__ It is located east-northeast of Charing Cross.", "Aldborough Hatch __knowledge__ It is a semi-rural locality situated to the east of Barkingside and Newbury Park.", "Aldborough Hatch __knowledge__ Aldborough is also a ward in the London Borough of Redbridge.", "Aldborough Hatch __knowledge__ The population at the 2011 Census was 14,544.", "Aldborough Hatch __knowledge__ The name probably derives from the Alborgh or Albourgh family who occupied the manor in the Middle Ages and are mentioned in 14th and 15th century records.", "Aldborough Hatch __knowledge__ 'Hatch' derives from the Old English word \"hæcc\" ('a hatch gate'), which originally gave access to Hainault Forest when it stood here.", "Media Capital __knowledge__ Media Capital SGPS, SA, is a Portuguese media corporation founded in 1988 (originally named SOCI - Sociedade de Comunicação Independente, founded by Luís Nobre Guedes), based in Oeiras, Lisbon.", "Media Capital __knowledge__ Media Capital is a major media group in Portugal, and is one of the biggest media corporations in Europe.", "Media Capital __knowledge__ Media Capital distributes 20th Century Fox and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer home video releases in the Portuguese market under the Castello Lopes label.", "Media Capital __knowledge__ Since July 2017, Altice (company) is the principal owner of Media Capital.", "Media Capital __knowledge__ Media Capital operates in several areas of media and advertising.", "Media Capital __knowledge__ Here is a list of the companies owned by Media Capital.", "Televisão Independente __knowledge__ Televisão Independente (TVI) (\"Independent Television\") is Portugal's fourth terrestrial television channel, launched in 1993.", "Televisão Independente __knowledge__ It has been leading audience ratings since 2005.", "Televisão Independente __knowledge__ It competes directly with SIC and RTP1.", "Televisão Independente __knowledge__ TVI was the second private Portuguese TV channel to be launched, SIC having been launched five months before, and the fourth channel in all.", "Televisão Independente __knowledge__ Already under the name TVI, but marketed as 4, in which the '4' was the sole element in its logo, TVI was initially owned by some prominent Catholic Church institutions, including Rádio Renascença, RFM, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Editorial Verbo and União das Misericórdias; Antena 3 Televisión (which consisted of La Vanguardia, ABC-Prensa Española, Manuel Martín Ferrand (4,3%), Rafael and Manuel Jiménez de Parga, Europa Press and Grupo Zeta), Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Radiodiffusion, (CLR, under Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion, now RTL Group), Sonae, SBS Broadcasting Group, ITV contractor Yorkshire Television and many other media enterprises were minor stakeholders of TVI.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ The New York metropolitan area, also referred to as the Tri-State Area, includes New York City as the most populous city in the United States, Long Island, and the Mid and Lower Hudson Valley in the state of New York; the five largest cities in New Jersey: Newark, Jersey City, Paterson, Elizabeth, and Edison, and their vicinities; six of the seven largest cities in Connecticut: Bridgeport, New Haven, Stamford, Waterbury, Norwalk, and Danbury, and their vicinities; and five counties in northeastern Pennsylvania.", "New York metropolitan area __knowledge__ As per the 2015 United States Census Bureau estimates, the New York metropolitan area remains, by a significant margin, the most populous in the United States, as defined by both the Metropolitan Statistical Area (20.2 million residents) and the Combined Statistical Area (23.7 million residents); it is also one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world, and the single largest in North America.", "China Media Capital __knowledge__ China Media Capital is a public equity and venture capital firm specializing in growth capital, mid venture, late venture, emerging growth, corporate restructuring, management buyouts, and mergers & acquisitions.", "China Media Capital __knowledge__ The firm prefers to invest in the cultural, technology, media, entertainment, consumer, medical treatment, and telecommunication sectors.", "China Media Capital __knowledge__ It prefers to invest both inside and outside China.", "China Media Capital __knowledge__ China Media Capital was founded in 2009 and is based in Shanghai, China, with an additional office in Beijing.", "China Media Capital __knowledge__ CMC has shares in the City Football Group and Formula E team Techeetah.", "Star China Media __knowledge__ Star China Media, sometimes styled as STAR (an initialism for Satellite Television Asia Region), is an Asian television service owned by China Media Capital.", "Star China Media __knowledge__ It is headquartered in Hong Kong, with regional offices in mainland China, Taiwan and India.", "Star China Media __knowledge__ According to the Star website, their service has more than 300 million viewers in 53 countries and is watched by approximately 120 million viewers every day.", "Star China Media __knowledge__ Star TV was originally known as Star TV Network (Chinese: 衛星電視有限公司 (衛星電視)) and was incorporated on 24 February 1988 as a consortium of Hutchison Whampoa, China International Trust and Investment Corporation and Cable & Wireless Worldwide, with joint venture of Asia Satellite Telecommunications Company Limited.", "Cidade (radio station) __knowledge__ Cidade is a Portuguese radio-station that focuses on international and national hits.", "Cidade (radio station) __knowledge__ Cidade targets the younger audience, 15-24.", "Cidade (radio station) __knowledge__ Cidade is operated by the Portuguese Radio company Media Capital, or Media Capital Rádios, sister stations include: Rádio Comercial, Rádio Clube Português, Mix FM, Best Rock FM, Romântica FM, and M80.", "Cidade (radio station) __knowledge__ The radio station was launched as pirate radio station Radio Cidade on April 1, 1986 in Amadora by Brazilian immigrants Rui Duarte, Rui Duarte Júnior and Edson Yazejy before it was suspended on December 24, 1988 due to not having a legal licence.", "Cidade (radio station) __knowledge__ It became a legal station on May 22, 1989." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city's fast pace defines the term \"New York minute\".", "New York City __knowledge__ Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.", "New York City __knowledge__ Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which is a separate county of New York State.", "New York City __knowledge__ The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898.", "New York City __knowledge__ The city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States, and as many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking (NEAT) was a program run by NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, surveying the sky for near-Earth objects.", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ NEAT was conducted from December 1995 until April 2007, at GEODSS on Hawaii (Haleakala-NEAT; 566), as well as at Palomar Observatory in California (Palomar-NEAT; 644).", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ With the discovery of more than 40 thousand minor planets, NEAT has been one of the most successful programs in this field, comparable to the Catalina Sky Survey, LONEOS and Mount Lemmon Survey.", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ NEAT was the successor to the Palomar Planet-Crossing Asteroid Survey (PCAS).", "Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking __knowledge__ The original principal investigator was Eleanor F. Helin, with co-investigators Steven H. Pravdo and David L. Rabinowitz.", "Neuroevolution of augmenting topologies __knowledge__ NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT) is a genetic algorithm (GA) for the generation of evolving artificial neural networks (a neuroevolution technique) developed by Ken Stanley in 2002 while at The University of Texas at Austin.", "Neuroevolution of augmenting topologies __knowledge__ It alters both the weighting parameters and structures of networks, attempting to find a balance between the fitness of evolved solutions and their diversity.", "Neuroevolution of augmenting topologies __knowledge__ It is based on applying three key techniques: tracking genes with history markers to allow crossover among topologies, applying speciation (the evolution of species) to preserve innovations, and developing topologies incrementally from simple initial structures (\"complexifying\").", "Neats and scruffies __knowledge__ Neat and scruffy are labels for two different types of artificial intelligence (AI) research.", "Neats and scruffies __knowledge__ Neats consider that solutions should be elegant, clear and provably correct.", "Neats and scruffies __knowledge__ Scruffies believe that intelligence is too complicated (or computationally intractable) to be solved with the sorts of homogeneous system such neat requirements usually mandate.", "Neats and scruffies __knowledge__ Much success in AI came from combining neat and scruffy approaches.", "Neats and scruffies __knowledge__ For example, there are many cognitive models matching human psychological data built in Soar and ACT-R.", "Neats and scruffies __knowledge__ Both of these systems have formal representations and execution systems, but the rules put \"into\" the systems to create the models are generated ad hoc.", "Bartending terminology __knowledge__ Various unique terminology is used in bartending.", "Bartending terminology __knowledge__ In bartending, the term \"straight up\" (or \"up\") refers to an alcoholic drink that is shaken or stirred with ice and then strained and served without ice in a stemmed glass.", "Bartending terminology __knowledge__ If the same drink is instead served in a rocks glass, it is served \"down\".", "Bartending terminology __knowledge__ This is contrasted with a drink served \"neat\" – a single, unmixed liquor served without being chilled and without any water, ice, or other mixer.", "Bartending terminology __knowledge__ Neat drinks are typically served in a rocks glass, shot glass, snifter, Glencairn glass, or copita.", "Bartending terminology __knowledge__ \"On the rocks\" refers to liquor poured over ice cubes, and a \"rocks drink\" is a drink served on the rocks.", "Steve Thompson (songwriter) __knowledge__ Steve Thompson (born 24 April 1952) is a British songwriter and record producer who is responsible for a number of single and album chart hits and well known songs recorded by international recording artists.", "Steve Thompson (songwriter) __knowledge__ He was instrumental in setting up the influential Neat Records.", "Steve Thompson (songwriter) __knowledge__ He was particularly active as a producer during (as well as being partially responsible for), the NWOBHM years (New Wave of British Heavy Metal) During this time he produced many acts and kick-started the careers of several influential heavy metal acts including the first recordings of Newcastle band Venom (who are widely credited with the invention of black metal) and Raven who have been credited with being hugely influential by Metallica.", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Religious symbolism in the United States military includes the use of religious symbols for military chaplain insignia, uniforms, emblems, flags, and chapels; symbolic gestures, actions, and words used in military rituals and ceremonies; and religious symbols or designations used in areas such as headstones and markers in national cemeteries, and military ID tags (\"dog tags\").", "Religious symbolism in the United States military __knowledge__ Symbolism sometimes includes specific images included or excluded because of religious reasons, choices involving colors with religious significance, and \"religious accommodation\" policies regarding the wear of \"religious apparel\" and \"grooming\" (such as \"unshorn\" hair and beards worn for religious reasons) with military uniforms.", "Harby, Leicestershire __knowledge__ Harby is a village and civil parish.", "Harby, Leicestershire __knowledge__ It lies in the Vale of Belvoir and forms part of the Borough of Melton in Leicestershire, England.", "Harby, Leicestershire __knowledge__ Harby is in the far north-east of the county in the Vale of Belvoir, north of the town of Melton Mowbray, and west south-west of the town of Grantham.", "Harby, Leicestershire __knowledge__ Although the village is in Leicestershire, the county town of Leicester is away; the closest city is Nottingham, away.", "Harby, Leicestershire __knowledge__ The village is situated on the south side of the Grantham Canal.", "Harby, Leicestershire __knowledge__ Apart from Harby in Leicestershire there is a Harby, Nottinghamshire, Hårby in Denmark and a Harby near Kalmar in Sweden.", "Harby, Leicestershire __knowledge__ The seat of the Duke of Rutland, Belvoir Castle is north east from Harby.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Model United Nations __knowledge__ Model United Nations, also known as Model UN or MUN, is an educational simulation and/or academic activity in which students can learn about diplomacy, international relations, and the United Nations.", "Model United Nations __knowledge__ MUN involves and teaches participants researching, public speaking, debating, and writing skills, in addition to critical thinking, teamwork, and leadership abilities.", "Model United Nations __knowledge__ Usually an extracurricular activity, some schools also offer Model UN as a class.", "Model United Nations __knowledge__ It is meant to engage students and allow them to develop deeper understanding into current world issues.", "Model United Nations __knowledge__ Participants in Model United Nations conferences, known as delegates, are placed in committees and assigned countries to represent, or occasionally other organizations or political figures, where they represent members of that body.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Nairobi __knowledge__ Nairobi (; ) is the capital and largest city of Kenya.", "Nairobi __knowledge__ The name comes from the Maasai phrase \"Enkare Nyrobi\", which translates to \"cool water\", a reference to the Nairobi River which flows through the city.", "Nairobi __knowledge__ The city proper has a population of 3,138,369, while the metropolitan area has a population of 6,547,547.", "Nairobi __knowledge__ The city is popularly referred to as the Green City in the Sun.", "Nairobi __knowledge__ Nairobi was founded in 1899 by the colonial authorities in British East Africa, as a rail depot on the Uganda Railway.", "Nairobi __knowledge__ The town quickly grew to replace Machakos as the capital of Kenya in 1907.", "Nairobi __knowledge__ After independence in 1963, Nairobi became the capital of the Republic of Kenya.", "United Nations System __knowledge__ The United Nations System consists of the United Nations, and the six principal organs of the United Nations: the General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the UN Secretariat specialized agencies and affiliated organizations.", "United Nations System __knowledge__ The executive heads of some of the United Nations System organizations and the World Trade Organization, which is not formally part of the United Nations System, have seats on the United Nations System Chief Executives' Board for Coordination (CEB).", "United Nations System __knowledge__ This body, chaired by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, meets twice a year to co-ordinate the work of the organizations of the United Nations System.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ Awesome Comics or Awesome Entertainment (also known as Awesome-Hyperwerks when they were briefly joined with Hyperwerks Entertainment) was an American comic book studio formed in 1997 by Image Comics co-founder Rob Liefeld.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The company closed in 2000.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ In 1992, seven high-profile comics artists left Marvel Comics to form their own publisher, where comics creators could publish creator-owned material without having to give up copyright-control to their characters.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The seven artists (bar Whilce Portacio, who opted not to become a full partner) formed a partnership between their individual studios, and published their comics under the over-arcing Image Comics banner.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ awesome is a dynamic window manager for the X Window System developed in the C and Lua programming languages.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Lua is also used for configuring and extending the window manager.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Its development began as a fork of dwm.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It aims to be extremely small and fast, yet extensively customizable.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It makes it possible for the user to manage windows with the use of keyboard.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The fork was initially nicknamed \"jdwm\", with \"jd\" denoting the principal programmer's initials, and with dwm reminding of the software project it forked from.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The first git repository for what was to become awesome was set up in September 2007. jdwm was renamed to awesome, named after the same phrase used by the \"How I Met Your Mother\" character Barney Stinson." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 6, 5 ]

[ "Oh really? So do I! I live in New York City, the most populated city in the U.S of A!", "Well I can see how that is- it just happens to be the cultural, financial and media capital of the world!", "Shopping is awesome! It also is home to the United Nations! How cool?", "It is so fast pace too! Hence the term: new york minute!" ]

[ "New York City", "New York City", "New York City", "New York City" ]

[ "Reading (process)", "I love reading! I just picked up a few new books last week.", "Yeah but you should still read to help your vocabulary grow." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ In computers, a printer driver or a print processor is a piece of software that converts the data to be printed to the form specific to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ The purpose of printer drivers is to allow applications to do printing without being aware of the technical details of each printer model.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Printer drivers should not be confused with print spoolers, that queue print jobs and send them successively to a printer.", "Printer driver __knowledge__ Unix and other Unix-like systems such as Linux and OS X use CUPS (short for Common Unix Printing System), a modular printing system for Unix-like computer operating systems, which allows a computer to act as a print server.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ WordPerfect (WP) is a word processing application owned by Corel with a long history on multiple personal computer platforms.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The program was originally developed under contract at Brigham Young University for use on a Data General minicomputer in 1979.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The authors retained the rights to the program, forming Satellite Software International (SSI) to sell it under the name WordPerfect in 1980.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ A port to MS-DOS followed in 1982 and several greatly updated versions quickly followed.", "WordPerfect __knowledge__ The application's feature list was considerably more advanced than its main competition, WordStar, an established program that originated on CP/M.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (often abridged as Last Week Tonight) is an American late-night talk and news satire television program hosted by comedian John Oliver.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ The half-hour-long show premiered on Sunday, April 27, 2014, on HBO.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ \"Last Week Tonight\" shares some similarities with Comedy Central's \"The Daily Show\" (where Oliver was previously featured as a correspondent and fill-in host), as it takes a satirical look at news, politics and current events, but on a weekly basis.", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ Oliver has stated that he has \"full creative freedom, including free rein to criticize corporations.\"", "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver __knowledge__ His initial contract with HBO was for two years with an option for extension.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "Marshall Poe __knowledge__ Marshall Tillbrook Poe (born December 29, 1961) is an American historian, writer, editor and founder of the New Books Network, an online collection of podcast interviews with a wide range of non-fiction authors.", "Marshall Poe __knowledge__ He has taught Russian, European, Eurasian and World history at various universities including Harvard, Columbia, University of Iowa, and, currently, the University of Massachusetts Amherst.", "Marshall Poe __knowledge__ He has also taught courses on new media and online collaboration.", "Marshall Poe __knowledge__ Poe is the author or editor of a number of books on early modern Russia.", "Marshall Poe __knowledge__ He has also published \"A History of Communications: Media and Society from the Evolution of Speech to the Internet\", a book that examines how various communications media shape social practices and values.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring games, sketches, and other comedy routines from the NBC late night talk show \"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\", and its predecessor, \"Late Night with Jimmy Fallon\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ The sketches feature host Jimmy Fallon, house band The Roots, announcer/sidekick Steve Higgins, the show's writers, celebrity guests, and audience members.", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Most of the skits below appeared only on \"Late Night\", while some have carried over to the \"Tonight Show\".", "List of Jimmy Fallon games and sketches __knowledge__ Every Tuesday on the show, Jimmy weighs the pros and cons of a topic that's currently in the news, with the pros being the setups and the cons being the punchlines.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Learning to read is the acquisition and practice of the skills necessary to understand the meaning behind printed words.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ For a fairly good reader, the skill of reading often feels simple, effortless, and automatic; however, the process of learning to read is complex and builds on cognitive, linguistic, and social skills developed from a very early age.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Usually, in order to understand a text, it is necessary to understand the spoken language associated with that text.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ In this way, writing systems are distinguished form many other symbolic communication systems.", "Learning to read __knowledge__ Once established, writing systems on the whole change more slowly than their spoken counterparts, and often preserve features and expressions which are no longer current in the spoken language.", "Language __knowledge__ Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.", "Language __knowledge__ The scientific study of language is called linguistics.", "Language __knowledge__ Questions concerning the philosophy of language, such as whether words can represent experience, have been debated at least since Gorgias and Plato in ancient Greece.", "Language __knowledge__ Thinkers such as Rousseau have argued that language originated from emotions while others like Kant have held that it originated from rational and logical thought.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ The Encoding/decoding model of communication was first developed by cultural studies scholar Stuart Hall in 1973.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ Titled 'Encoding and Decoding in the Television Discourse', Hall's essay offers a theoretical approach of how media messages are produced, disseminated, and interpreted.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ As an important member of the Birmingham School of Cultural Studies, Hall had a major influence on media studies.", "Encoding/decoding model of communication __knowledge__ His model claims that television and other media audiences are presented with messages that are decoded, or interpreted in different ways depending on an individual's cultural background, economic standing, and personal experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Child development entails the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy.", "Child development __knowledge__ It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence, yet having a unique course for every child.", "Child development __knowledge__ It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding developmental experiences.", "Child development __knowledge__ Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ The primary form of fMRI uses the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) contrast, discovered by Seiji Ogawa.", "Functional magnetic resonance imaging __knowledge__ This is a type of specialized brain and body scan used to map neural activity in the brain or spinal cord of humans or other animals by imaging the change in blood flow (hemodynamic response) related to energy use by brain cells.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Neurophilosophy or philosophy of neuroscience is the interdisciplinary study of neuroscience and philosophy that explores the relevance of neuroscientific studies to the arguments traditionally categorized as philosophy of mind.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ The philosophy of neuroscience attempts to clarify neuroscientific methods and results using the conceptual rigor and methods of philosophy of science.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Below is a list of specific issues important to Philosophy of neuroscience: Many of the methods and techniques central to neuroscientific discovery rely on assumptions that can limit the interpretation of the data.", "Neurophilosophy __knowledge__ Philosophers of Neuroscience have discussed such assumptions in the use of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Dissociation in Cognitive Neuropsychology, single unit recording, and computational neuroscience." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding symbols in order to construct or derive meaning (reading comprehension).", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Reading is a means of language acquisition, communication, and of sharing information and ideas.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Like all languages, it is a complex interaction between the text and the reader which is shaped by the reader’s prior knowledge, experiences, attitude, and language community which is culturally and socially situated.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ The reading process requires continuous practice, development, and refinement.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ In addition, reading requires creativity and critical analysis.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Consumers of literature make ventures with each piece, innately deviating from literal words to create images that make sense to them in the unfamiliar places the texts describe.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Because reading is such a complex process, it cannot be controlled or restricted to one or two interpretations.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ There are no concrete laws in reading, but rather allows readers an escape to produce their own products introspectively.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ This promotes deep exploration of texts during interpretation.", "Reading (process) __knowledge__ Readers use a variety of reading strategies to assist with decoding (to translate symbols into sounds or visual representations of speech) and comprehension.", "Vocabulary development __knowledge__ Vocabulary development is a process by which people acquire words.", "Vocabulary development __knowledge__ Babbling shifts towards meaningful speech as infants grow and produce their first words around the age of one year.", "Vocabulary development __knowledge__ In early word learning, infants build their vocabulary slowly.", "Vocabulary development __knowledge__ By the age of 18 months, infants can typically produce about 50 words and begin to make word combinations.", "Vocabulary development __knowledge__ In order to build their vocabularies, infants must learn about the meanings that words carry.", "Vocabulary development __knowledge__ The mapping problem asks how infants correctly learn to attach words to referents.", "Vocabulary development __knowledge__ Constraints theories, domain-general views, social-pragmatic accounts, and an emergentist coalition model have been proposed to account for the mapping problem... From an early age, infants use language to communicate.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Khatanbaatar Magsarjav __knowledge__ Khatanbaatar Magsarjav (, \"\"firm hero\" Magsarjav\", 1877 – September 3, 1927) was a Mongolian general and a leading figure in Mongolia's struggle for independence.", "Khatanbaatar Magsarjav __knowledge__ His contingent of 800 elite Mongol soldiers fought White Russian and Chinese forces over 30 times between 1912 and 1921, without a single defeat.", "Khatanbaatar Magsarjav __knowledge__ He served as acting prime minister from February 15, 1921 to March 13, 1921, under Roman Ungern von Sternberg's puppet regime and then later as minister of the army in the 1920s.", "Khatanbaatar Magsarjav __knowledge__ He received the additional title Ardyn Khatanbaatar Magsarjav (, \"People's firm hero Magsarjav\") in 1924.", "Khatanbaatar Magsarjav __knowledge__ Magsarjav was born in the Itgemjit banner of Sain Noyon Khan aimag, in what is today the Hutag district of Bulgan aimag.", "Isan language __knowledge__ Isan or Northeastern Thai () is a group of Lao varieties spoken in the northern two-thirds of Isan in northeastern Thailand, as well as in adjacent portions of northern and eastern Thailand.", "Isan language __knowledge__ It is the native language of the Isan people, spoken by 20 million or so people in Thailand, a third of the population of Thailand and 80 percent of all Lao speakers.", "Isan language __knowledge__ The language remains the primary language in 88 percent of households in Isan.", "Isan language __knowledge__ It is commonly used as a second, third, or even fourth language by the region's other linguistic minorities, such as Northern Khmer, Khorat Thai, Kuy, Nyah Kur, and other Tai or Austronesian-speaking peoples.", "Elez Dervišević __knowledge__ Elez Dervišević (1901 – 1988) was a Bosniak soldier of the Austro-Hungarian Army and one of the youngest soldiers in the First World War.", "Elez Dervišević __knowledge__ He was born in 1901 to a prominent Bosniak merchant family in Bijeljina, Bosnia.", "Elez Dervišević __knowledge__ His parents were Sulejman and Munevera.", "Elez Dervišević __knowledge__ He had two brothers, Osman and Mehmedalija and one sister, Safija.", "Elez Dervišević __knowledge__ At the beginning of the First World War, during the mobilisation of the Austro-Hungarian Army, Adem Mesić recognised the danger on the southeastern border of Austria-Hungary, on the river Drina that was under threat from Serbia.", "Elez Dervišević __knowledge__ With his own funds, Mesić mobilised 450 volunteer troops and stationed them on the Austria-Hungary border on the river Drina.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ When the circumstances of Genie, the primary victim in one of the most severe cases of abuse, neglect and social isolation on record in medical literature, first became known in early November 1970, authorities arranged for her admission to Children's Hospital Los Angeles, where doctors determined that at the age of 13 years and 7 months she had not acquired a first language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Hospital staff then began teaching Genie to speak General American English, and she gradually began to learn and use language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Their efforts soon caught the attention of linguists, who saw her as an important way to gain further insight into acquisition of language skills and linguistic development.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Teach the Controversy __knowledge__ \"Teach the Controversy\" is a campaign, conducted by the Discovery Institute, to promote the pseudoscientific principle of intelligent design, a variant of traditional creationism, while attempting to discredit the teaching of evolution in United States public high school science courses.", "Teach the Controversy __knowledge__ The campaign claims that fairness and equal time require educating students with a 'critical analysis of evolution' where \"the full range of scientific views\", evolution's \"unresolved issues\", and the \"scientific weaknesses of evolutionary theory\" will be presented and evaluated alongside intelligent design concepts like irreducible complexity presented as a scientific argument against evolution through oblique references to books by design proponents listed in the bibliography of the Institute-proposed \"Critical Analysis of Evolution\" lesson plans.", "Creativity __knowledge__ Creativity is a phenomenon whereby something new and somehow valuable is formed.", "Creativity __knowledge__ The created item may be intangible (such as an idea, a scientific theory, a musical composition, or a joke) or a physical object (such as an invention, a literary work, or a painting).", "Creativity __knowledge__ Scholarly interest in creativity involves many definitions and concepts pertaining to a number of disciplines: engineering, psychology, cognitive science, education, philosophy (particularly philosophy of science), technology, theology, sociology, linguistics, business studies, songwriting, and economics, covering the relations between creativity and general intelligence, mental and neurological processes, personality type and creative ability, creativity and mental health; the potential for fostering creativity through education and training, especially as augmented by technology; the maximization of creativity for national economic benefit, and the application of creative resources to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ Critical thinking is the objective analysis of facts to form a judgment.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ The subject is complex, and there are several different definitions which generally include the rational, skeptical, unbiased analysis or evaluation of factual evidence.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ Critical thinking was described by Richard W. Paul as a movement in two waves (1994).", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ The \"first wave\" of critical thinking is often referred to as a 'critical analysis' that is clear, rational thinking involving critique.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ Its details vary amongst those who define it.", "Critical thinking __knowledge__ According to Barry K. Beyer (1995), critical thinking means making clear, reasoned judgments.", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The Kansas evolution hearings were a series of hearings held in Topeka, Kansas, United States from May 5 to 12, 2005 by the Kansas State Board of Education and its State Board Science Hearing Committee to change how evolution and the origin of life would be taught in the state's public high school science classes.", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The hearings were arranged by the Board of Education with the intent of introducing intelligent design into science classes via the Teach the Controversy method.", "Kansas evolution hearings __knowledge__ The hearings raised the issues of creation and evolution in public education and were attended by all the major participants in the intelligent design movement but were ultimately boycotted by the scientific community over concern of lending credibility to the claim, made by proponents of intelligent design, that evolution is purportedly the subject of wide dispute within the scientific and science education communities.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ The Discovery Institute has conducted a series of related public relations campaigns which seek to promote intelligent design while attempting to discredit evolutionary biology, which the Institute terms \"Darwinism.\"", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ The Discovery Institute is the driving force behind the pseudoscientific intelligent design movement and the Institute directs the campaigns through its Center for Science and Culture division with guidance from its public relations firm, Creative Response Concepts.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ Prominent Institute campaigns have been to 'Teach the Controversy' and to allow 'Critical Analysis of Evolution'.", "Discovery Institute intelligent design campaigns __knowledge__ Other campaigns have claimed that intelligent design advocates (most notably Richard Sternberg) have been discriminated against, and thus that Academic Freedom bills are needed to protect academics' and teachers' ability to criticise evolution, and that there is a link from evolution to ideologies such as Nazism and eugenics.", "Intelligent design in politics __knowledge__ The intelligent design movement has conducted an organized campaign largely in the United States that promotes a pseudoscientific, neo-creationist religious agenda calling for broad social, academic and political changes centering on intelligent design.", "Intelligent design in politics __knowledge__ Though creationism and intelligent design are not supported by any mainstream scientists, there are significant minorities in the general public in most developed countries that say they doubt or reject the theory of evolution, likely because of their religious beliefs.", "Intelligent design in politics __knowledge__ In underdeveloped countries where rates of religious belief are much higher, support of evolution is consequently lower." ] ]

[ 1, 5, 2 ]

[ "I don't like reading/writing that much but I know it has a long history behind it. It used to be as simple as symbols being interpreted in a complex \"cognitive process\" of decoding in order to construct or derive a meaning.", "I think I don't like it as much because it requires creativity and critical analysis!", "Yes, I think are you definitely right. It helps with language acquisition, and ease of communication with sharing information and ideas." ]

[ "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)", "Reading (process)" ]

[ "Justin Bieber\nSo, Justin Bieber has been in the news a lot recently. Do you kow about him?", "Anything in particular you like?", "Yes, he is from Canada. He flew down to Atlanta after being Youtube noticed. Anything else about him you know that's interesting?", "Do you happen to know his first song?", "Has he had any famous relationships?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer and songwriter.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, \"My World\", in late 2009.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It was certified platinum in the U.S.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his first full-length studio album, \"My World 2.0\", in 2010.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple platinum in the U.S., and contained his single \"Baby\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following his debut album, he had his first headlining tour, the My World Tour, released the remix albums \"My Worlds Acoustic\" and \"Never Say Never – The Remixes\"—and the 3D biopic-concert film \"\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He released his second studio album, \"Under the Mistletoe\", in November 2011, when it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his third studio album, \"Believe,\" in 2012.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Its single \"Boyfriend\" reached number one in Canada.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ His fourth studio album \"Purpose\" was released in November 2015, spawning three number one singles: \"What Do You Mean?", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ \", \"Sorry\", and \"Love Yourself\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following the release of \"Purpose\", Bieber was featured on several successful collaborations, including \"Cold Water\", \"Let Me Love You\", \"Despacito (Remix)\", and \"I'm the One\".", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ Justin Bieber: Never Say Never is a 2011 American 3-D concert film centering on singer Justin Bieber.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ It was released in the United States on February 11, 2011 and grossed $99 million worldwide.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ A sequel was released on December 25, 2013, entitled \"Justin Bieber's Believe\".", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ The film follows the pop star Justin Bieber during 10 days counting down to what is considered his biggest performance, that of August 31, 2010 in Madison Square Garden, which sold out in 22 minutes.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ It shows footage of the performances during this period from his My World Tour.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ It shows excited female fans, and several instances of the \"One Less Lonely Girl\" routine of inviting a girl on stage for him to serenade and give flowers to, and of surprising random girls with free tickets to his concerts.", "Despacito __knowledge__ \"Despacito\" (; English: \"Slowly\") is a single by Puerto Rican singer Luis Fonsi featuring Puerto Rican rapper Daddy Yankee from Fonsi's upcoming studio album.", "Despacito __knowledge__ On January 12, 2017, Universal Music Latin released \"Despacito\" and its music video, which shows both artists performing the song in La Perla neighborhood of Old San Juan, Puerto Rico and the local bar La Factoría.", "Despacito __knowledge__ The song was written by Fonsi, Erika Ender, and Daddy Yankee, and was produced by Mauricio Rengifo and Andrés Torres.", "Despacito __knowledge__ A remix version featuring Canadian singer Justin Bieber was released on April 17, 2017, which helped to improve the song's chart performance in numerous countries, particularly in the English-speaking world.", "Where Are Ü Now __knowledge__ \"Where Are Ü Now\" is a song produced by American EDM artists Skrillex and Diplo under their collaborative effort Jack Ü, with vocals from Canadian singer Justin Bieber.", "Where Are Ü Now __knowledge__ The song was released as the second single from the duo's debut studio album, \"Skrillex and Diplo Present Jack Ü\" (2015), on their respective labels OWSLA and Mad Decent, and is also included on Bieber's fourth studio album \"Purpose\" (2015).", "Where Are Ü Now __knowledge__ It was released simultaneously with the album on February 27, 2015, later sent to mainstream radio on April 21, 2015.", "Where Are Ü Now __knowledge__ Initially, a demo was written by Bieber as a piano ballad titled \"The Most\", however Bieber decided to send the track to the duo, who transformed the track into electronic dance music, but maintained the original lyrics.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ \"Sorry\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer Justin Bieber for his fourth studio album, \"Purpose\" (2015).", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Written by Bieber, Julia Michaels, Justin Tranter, Sonny Moore, and Michael Tucker; the song was produced by Skrillex and BloodPop.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was released on October 23, 2015, as the second single from the album.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ A dancehall-pop and tropical house song, \"Sorry\" contains in its instrumentation \"brassy horn bleats\", warm island rhythms and a dembow riddim beat.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, \"Sorry\" is a plea for a chance to apologize to a lover, with Bieber asking forgiveness and a second chance to redeem himself.", "Sorry (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song allegedly samples \"Ring The Bell\" by White Hinterland.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ Purpose is the fourth studio album by Canadian singer and songwriter Justin Bieber.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ It was released on November 13, 2015 by Def Jam Recordings and School Boy Records.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ It serves as the follow-up to Bieber's third studio album \"Believe\" (2012), and it was developed after the release of his collection \"Journals\" (2013), which saw him in a more R&B direction.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ The album was created over a period of two years, in which Bieber struggled to find a musical direction for recording, scrapping each of these tracks many times.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ The album features guest vocals from Travis Scott, Big Sean and Halsey, and production help from Skrillex and Diplo.", "Journals (album) __knowledge__ Journals is the second compilation album by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber.", "Journals (album) __knowledge__ The album was only released digitally through online platforms, such as iTunes, on December 23, 2013 by Island Records.", "Journals (album) __knowledge__ A ten-week digital download campaign entitled Music Mondays, in which one new song was released every Monday night, was held from October 7, 2013 to December 9, 2013.", "Journals (album) __knowledge__ In addition to the songs released on \"Music Mondays\", \"Journals\" is also composed of other five previously unreleased songs.", "Journals (album) __knowledge__ The recording sessions took place between 2012 and 2013, while the singer was on his Believe Tour, which generated one or two songs a day throughout the entire tour." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer and songwriter.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, \"My World\", in late 2009.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It was certified platinum in the U.S.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his first full-length studio album, \"My World 2.0\", in 2010.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple platinum in the U.S., and contained his single \"Baby\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following his debut album, he had his first headlining tour, the My World Tour, released the remix albums \"My Worlds Acoustic\" and \"Never Say Never – The Remixes\"—and the 3D biopic-concert film \"\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He released his second studio album, \"Under the Mistletoe\", in November 2011, when it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his third studio album, \"Believe,\" in 2012.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Its single \"Boyfriend\" reached number one in Canada.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ His fourth studio album \"Purpose\" was released in November 2015, spawning three number one singles: \"What Do You Mean?", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ \", \"Sorry\", and \"Love Yourself\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following the release of \"Purpose\", Bieber was featured on several successful collaborations, including \"Cold Water\", \"Let Me Love You\", \"Despacito (Remix)\", and \"I'm the One\".", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\".", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ Say Anything is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ The band was formed in 2000 by Max Bemis and his friends, and within two years, they self-released two EPs and a full-length album.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ In 2003, the band signed with their first label, Doghouse Records.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ A year later, they released \"...Is a Real Boy\".", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ To support the album, they picked up new members and began touring; however, despite rapidly growing critical and fan acclaim, Bemis' health problems, including bipolar disorder and drug addictions, sidelined the band in 2005 as five band members left during the year.", "Say Anything (band) __knowledge__ Say Anything signed with J Records in 2005 and, following Bemis' successful rehabilitation, re-released \"...Is a Real Boy\" on J Records.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ The mind–body problem is a paradigm issue in philosophy of mind, although other issues are addressed, such as the hard problem of consciousness, and the nature of particular mental states.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Aspects of the mind that are studied include mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness, the ontology of the mind, the nature of thought, and the relationship of the mind to the body.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Dualism and monism are the two central schools of thought on the mind–body problem, although nuanced views have arisen that do not fit one or the other category neatly.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ The BBC Television Shakespeare is a series of British television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, created by Cedric Messina and broadcast by BBC Television.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Transmitted in the UK from 3 December 1978 to 27 April 1985, the series spanned seven seasons and thirty-seven episodes.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Development began in 1975 when Messina saw that the grounds of Glamis Castle would make a perfect location for an adaptation of Shakespeare's \"As You Like It\" for the \"Play of the Month\" series.", "BBC Television Shakespeare __knowledge__ Upon returning to London, however, he had come to envision an entire series devoted exclusively to the dramatic works of Shakespeare.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Ro5-4864 __knowledge__ Ro5-4864 (4'-chlorodiazepam) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative of diazepam.", "Ro5-4864 __knowledge__ However unlike most benzodiazepine derivatives, Ro5-4864 lacks affinity for GABA receptors and lacks typical benzodiazepine effects, instead being sedative yet also convulsant and anxiogenic in effects.", "Ro5-4864 __knowledge__ Ro5-4864 was found to be a potent ligand for the \"peripheral benzodiazepine receptor\", later renamed to mitochondrial translocator protein 18kDa (TSPO).", "Ro5-4864 __knowledge__ Despite its convulsant effects, at lower doses Ro5-4864 has proved to be neuroprotective and has become widely used for research into the role of the TSPO protein in neurotoxicity.", "Born Free (music video) __knowledge__ The music video for English recording artist M.I.A.", "Born Free (music video) __knowledge__ 's \"Born Free\" was directed by Romain Gavras.", "Born Free (music video) __knowledge__ The video, which depicts a genocide against red haired people, was filmed in California and directed by Romain Gavras as a nine-minute short film without the prior knowledge of M.I.A.", "Born Free (music video) __knowledge__ 's record labels.", "Born Free (music video) __knowledge__ Several incidents relating to the extra-judicial killing of Tamil males by the Sri Lankan Army filmed on mobile phones in Sri Lanka, some of which had been broadcast by news outlets worldwide, inspired M.I.A.", "Born Free (music video) __knowledge__ 's treatment for the film-video.", "Born Free (music video) __knowledge__ The video's portrayal of military force, violence and brutality met with a positive critical reception but much controversy worldwide, including a ban from YouTube in the US and UK, with some critics hailing its representation of oppression and political turmoil and others criticizing the explicit material in the video.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Lo (film) __knowledge__ Lo is a 2009 experimental comedy/horror/romance film written and directed by Travis Betz.", "Lo (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the Austin Film Festival October 2009 and had DVD release in February 2010.", "Lo (film) __knowledge__ The film opens with Justin (Ward Roberts) sitting inside a pentagram and following the steps in a dark magic book to summon the crippled demon Lo (Jeremiah Birkett).", "Lo (film) __knowledge__ Justin orders Lo to search Hell for his girlfriend April (Sarah Lassez), whom he insists was taken by a demon.", "Lo (film) __knowledge__ Lo becomes angered not only by the demand but the fact that there are countless billions of people in Hell and finding April would be an impossible task.", "Lipinski's rule of five __knowledge__ Lipinski's rule of five also known as the Pfizer's rule of five or simply the rule of five (RO5) is a rule of thumb to evaluate druglikeness or determine if a chemical compound with a certain pharmacological or biological activity has properties that would make it a likely orally active drug in humans.", "Lipinski's rule of five __knowledge__ The rule was formulated by Christopher A. Lipinski in 1997, based on the observation that most orally administered drugs are relatively small and moderately lipophilic molecules.", "Lipinski's rule of five __knowledge__ The rule describes molecular properties important for a drug's pharmacokinetics in the human body, including their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (\"ADME\").", "Justin Tranter __knowledge__ Justin Drew Tranter (born June 16, 1980) is an American musician, songwriter and activist.", "Justin Tranter __knowledge__ He has written songs for Britney Spears, Gwen Stefani, Linkin Park, Kelly Clarkson, Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber, DNCE, Kesha,In Real Life ,and Fall Out Boy, and frequently co-writes with fellow song-writer Julia Michaels.", "Justin Tranter __knowledge__ Tranter was the lead singer of Semi Precious Weapons, a rock band based in New York.", "Justin Tranter __knowledge__ He is also a board member of GLAAD, an organization that promotes LGBTQ acceptance in the entertainment and news industries.", "Justin Tranter __knowledge__ Tranter and his three older brothers were raised by his parents in Lake Zurich, Illinois." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer and songwriter.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, \"My World\", in late 2009.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It was certified platinum in the U.S.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his first full-length studio album, \"My World 2.0\", in 2010.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple platinum in the U.S., and contained his single \"Baby\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following his debut album, he had his first headlining tour, the My World Tour, released the remix albums \"My Worlds Acoustic\" and \"Never Say Never – The Remixes\"—and the 3D biopic-concert film \"\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He released his second studio album, \"Under the Mistletoe\", in November 2011, when it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his third studio album, \"Believe,\" in 2012.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Its single \"Boyfriend\" reached number one in Canada.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ His fourth studio album \"Purpose\" was released in November 2015, spawning three number one singles: \"What Do You Mean?", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ \", \"Sorry\", and \"Love Yourself\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following the release of \"Purpose\", Bieber was featured on several successful collaborations, including \"Cold Water\", \"Let Me Love You\", \"Despacito (Remix)\", and \"I'm the One\".", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Project Chanology __knowledge__ Project Chanology (also called Operation Chanology) was a protest movement against the practices of the Church of Scientology by members of Anonymous, a leaderless Internet-based group.", "Project Chanology __knowledge__ The project was started in response to the Church of Scientology's attempts to remove material from a highly publicized interview with Scientologist Tom Cruise from the Internet in January 2008.", "Project Chanology __knowledge__ The project was publicly launched in the form of a video posted to YouTube, \"Message to Scientology\", on January 21, 2008.", "Project Chanology __knowledge__ The video states that Anonymous views Scientology's actions as Internet censorship, and asserts the group's intent to \"expel the church from the Internet\".", "Avril Lavigne __knowledge__ Avril Ramona Lavigne (; ; born 27 September 1984) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and actress.", "Avril Lavigne __knowledge__ By the age of 15, she had appeared on stage with Shania Twain; by 16, she had signed a two-album recording contract with Arista Records worth more than $2 million.", "Avril Lavigne __knowledge__ In 2002 she released her debut album, \"Let Go\", emphasising a skate punk persona in which she has been often referred by critics and music publications as The \"Pop Punk Queen\" due to her achievement and impact in the industry.", "Avril Lavigne __knowledge__ Lavigne is considered a key musician in the development of pop punk music since she paved the way for female-driven, punk-influenced pop music.", "Canadian blues __knowledge__ Canadian blues is the blues and blues-related music (e.g., blues rock) performed by blues bands and performers in Canada.", "Canadian blues __knowledge__ Canadian blues artists include singers, players of the main blues instruments: guitar (acoustic and electric), harmonica (\"blues harp\"), keyboards (piano and Hammond organ), bass and drums, songwriters and music producers.", "Canadian blues __knowledge__ In many cases, blues artists take on multiple roles.", "Canadian blues __knowledge__ For example, the Canadian blues artist Steve Marriner is a singer, harmonica player, guitarist, songwriter and record producer.", "Canadian blues __knowledge__ Due to Canada's long shared border with the birthplace of the blues, the United States, there has always been collaboration and contact between Canadian blues artists and their US counterparts.", "Joni Mitchell __knowledge__ Roberta Joan \"Joni\" Mitchell, CC (née Anderson; born November 7, 1943) is a Canadian singer-songwriter.", "Joni Mitchell __knowledge__ \"Rolling Stone\" called her \"one of the greatest songwriters ever\", and AllMusic has stated, \"When the dust settles, Joni Mitchell may stand as the most important and influential female recording artist of the late 20th century\".", "Joni Mitchell __knowledge__ Drawing from folk, pop, rock, and jazz, Mitchell's songs often reflect social and environmental ideals as well as her feelings about romance, confusion, disillusionment, and joy.", "Joni Mitchell __knowledge__ She has received many accolades, including 9 Grammy Awards.", "Joni Mitchell __knowledge__ Mitchell began singing in small nightclubs in her hometown of Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, and throughout western Canada, before busking in the streets and nightclubs of Toronto, Ontario.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ 158 works and sketches survive of the Japanese artist known only by the art name Tōshūsai Sharaku.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ Almost all were made over a ten-month period in 1794–1795, divided into four periods: The print sizes became progressively smaller and the focus shifts from busts to full-length portraits.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ The depictions become less expressive and more conventional.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ Two picture calendars dating to as early as 1789 and three decorated fans as late as 1803 have been attributed to Sharaku, but have yet to be accepted as authentic works of his.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ A number of \"hanshita-e\" preparatory drawings have also been found.", "List of works by Sharaku __knowledge__ In Sharaku's time the Kawarazaki-za, the Kiri-za, and the Miyako-za were the three major kabuki theatre houses of Edo: the \"Edo San-za\".", "Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ \"Hallelujah\" is a song written by Canadian singer Leonard Cohen, originally released on his album \"Various Positions\" (1984).", "Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ Achieving little initial success, the song found greater popular acclaim through a recording by John Cale, which inspired a recording by Jeff Buckley.", "Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ It is considered as the \"baseline\" of secular hymns.", "Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ Following its increased popularity after being featured in the film \"Shrek\" (2001), many other arrangements have been performed by many and various singers, both in recordings and in concert, with over 300 versions known.", "Hallelujah (Leonard Cohen song) __knowledge__ The song has been used in film and television soundtracks and televised talent contests.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ Neil Percival Young, (born November 12, 1945), is a Canadian singer-songwriter, musician, producer, director and screenwriter.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ After embarking on a music career in the 1960s, he moved to Los Angeles, where he formed Buffalo Springfield with Stephen Stills, Richie Furay and others.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ Young had released two solo albums by the time he joined Crosby, Stills & Nash in 1969, in addition to three as a member of Buffalo Springfield.", "Neil Young __knowledge__ From his early solo albums and those with his backing band Crazy Horse, Young has recorded a steady stream of studio and live albums, sometimes warring with his recording company along the way.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ In its earliest and narrowest sense, the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The genre emerged from bands such as the Beatles, the Searchers, and the Animals in the UK, and Bob Dylan and the Byrds in the US, who played traditional folk music and songs with rock instrumentation.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The term \"folk rock\" is first noted as being used by the U.S. music press in June 1965 to describe the Byrds' music; the band's debut album was released the same month.", "Folk rock __knowledge__ The commercial success of the Byrds' 1965 cover version of Dylan's \"Mr. Tambourine Man\", along with Dylan's own recordings with rock instrumentation—on the albums \"Bringing It All Back Home\" (1965), \"Highway 61 Revisited\" (1965), and \"Blonde on Blonde\" (1966)—encouraged the creation of folk rock groups in the mid-1960s." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer and songwriter.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, \"My World\", in late 2009.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It was certified platinum in the U.S.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his first full-length studio album, \"My World 2.0\", in 2010.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple platinum in the U.S., and contained his single \"Baby\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following his debut album, he had his first headlining tour, the My World Tour, released the remix albums \"My Worlds Acoustic\" and \"Never Say Never – The Remixes\"—and the 3D biopic-concert film \"\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He released his second studio album, \"Under the Mistletoe\", in November 2011, when it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his third studio album, \"Believe,\" in 2012.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Its single \"Boyfriend\" reached number one in Canada.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ His fourth studio album \"Purpose\" was released in November 2015, spawning three number one singles: \"What Do You Mean?", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ \", \"Sorry\", and \"Love Yourself\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following the release of \"Purpose\", Bieber was featured on several successful collaborations, including \"Cold Water\", \"Let Me Love You\", \"Despacito (Remix)\", and \"I'm the One\".", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Sakanaction (album) __knowledge__ Sakanaction (stylized as sakanaction, ) is the sixth studio album by Japanese band Sakanaction, released on March 13, 2013.", "Sakanaction (album) __knowledge__ Primarily created in recording sessions that began in September 2012 and lasted approximately four months, the album was recorded at the home of band's vocalist and songwriter, Ichiro Yamaguchi.", "Sakanaction (album) __knowledge__ In order to reach an audience, the band challenged themselves by creating music for commercial tie-ups and television dramas.", "Sakanaction (album) __knowledge__ Prior to the album, the band released three singles: two acting as theme songs for Japanese television dramas and another used in a commercial campaign for the design school Mode Gakuen.", "Let It Happen (song) __knowledge__ \"Let It Happen\" is a song by the Australian rock band Tame Impala, released as the lead single from their third studio album \"Currents\" on 11 March 2015.", "Let It Happen (song) __knowledge__ The song centers on accepting personal transition, and was worked on in various locations around the world.", "Let It Happen (song) __knowledge__ The song runs at nearly eight minutes long, and its second half contains a section of the song repeating akin to a scratched Compact Disc, and stripped-down lyrics consisting of gibberish.", "Let It Happen (song) __knowledge__ It also has vocoded-like vocals in the second half, which were actually manipulated with a keyboard sampler.", "Let It Happen (song) __knowledge__ The song received acclaim from music critics.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Clifford Joseph Harris Jr. (born September 25, 1980), known professionally as T.I.", "T.I. __knowledge__ and Tip (often stylized as TIP or T.I.P.", "T.I. __knowledge__ ), is an American rapper and actor.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris signed his first major-label record deal in 1999, with Arista subsidiary LaFace.", "T.I. __knowledge__ In 2001, Harris formed the Southern hip hop group P$C, alongside his longtime friends and fellow Atlanta-based rappers Big Kuntry King, Mac Boney and C-Rod.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Upon being released from Arista, Harris signed to Atlantic and subsequently became the co-chief executive officer (CEO) of his own label imprint, Grand Hustle Records, which he launched in 2003.", "T.I. __knowledge__ Harris is also perhaps best known as one of the artists who popularized the hip hop subgenre trap music, along with Young Jeezy and Gucci Mane.", "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You) __knowledge__ \"Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You)\" is a song by American recording artist Kelly Clarkson and the titular song from her fifth studio album, \"Stronger\" (2011).", "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You) __knowledge__ Originally titled as \"What Doesn't Kill You (Stronger)\", the song served as the album's second single on January 17, 2012 through RCA Records.", "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You) __knowledge__ Written by Jörgen Elofsson, Ali Tamposi, and David Gamson, with additional writing and production by Greg Kurstin, \"Stronger\" is an uptempo song which draws from the genres of dance-pop and electropop.", "Stronger (What Doesn't Kill You) __knowledge__ Its lyrical content mainly explores themes of empowerment and recovery following a heartbreak, with the chorus inspired by a Friedrich Nietzsche quotation: \"That which does not kill us makes us stronger.\"", "In the Zone __knowledge__ In the Zone is the fourth studio album by American singer Britney Spears.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ It was released on November 12, 2003 through Jive Records.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ Its music incorporates dance, house, reggae, trip hop, and hip hop styles with instrumentation from guitars, drums, synthesizers, strings, and Middle Eastern musical instruments.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ Its themes range from love, dancing, empowerment, and in the case of songs such as \"Touch of My Hand\", sex and masturbation.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ Contributions to the album's production came from a wide range of producers, including Bloodshy & Avant, R. Kelly, Trixster, Moby, Guy Sigsworth and The Matrix.", "In the Zone __knowledge__ With the conclusion of the Dream Within a Dream Tour in July 2002 and the end of her relationship with Justin Timberlake, Spears planned to take a six-month break from her career; however, work for \"In the Zone\" began later that November.", "Paramore __knowledge__ Paramore is an American rock band from Franklin, Tennessee, formed in 2004.", "Paramore __knowledge__ The band currently consists of lead vocalist Hayley Williams, guitarist Taylor York and drummer Zac Farro.", "Paramore __knowledge__ Williams and Farro are founding members of the group, while York, a high school friend of the original lineup, joined in 2007.", "Paramore __knowledge__ Vocalist, Hayley Williams, is the only member to appear on all five of the band's studio albums and has been the only constant member of Paramore.", "Paramore __knowledge__ The group released its debut album \"All We Know Is Falling\" in 2005, with the album reaching number eight on the UK Rock Chart and number thirty on \"Billboard\"s Heatseekers Chart.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.", "YouTube __knowledge__ The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion; YouTube now operates as one of Google's subsidiaries.", "YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube allows users to upload, view, rate, share, add to favorites, report, comment on videos, and subscribe to other users.", "YouTube __knowledge__ It offers a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media videos.", "YouTube __knowledge__ Available content includes video clips, TV show clips, music videos, short and documentary films, audio recordings, movie trailers, live streams, and other content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos.", "Social impact of YouTube __knowledge__ The YouTube video hosting service constitutes a social networking website on which practically any individual or organization with Internet access can upload videos that can be seen almost immediately by wide audiences.", "Social impact of YouTube __knowledge__ As the world's largest video platform, YouTube has had impact in many fields, with some individual YouTube videos having directly shaped world events.", "Social impact of YouTube __knowledge__ In his 2010 TED Talk on crowd-accelerated innovation, TED curator Chris Anderson preliminarily noted that human brains are \"uniquely wired\" to decode high-bandwidth video, and that unlike written text, face-to-face communication of the type that online videos convey has been \"fine-tuned by millions of years of evolution.\"", "Gangnam Style __knowledge__ \"Gangnam Style\" (, ) is the 18th K-pop single by the South Korean musician Psy.", "Gangnam Style __knowledge__ The song was released on July 15, 2012, as the lead single of his sixth studio album \"Psy 6 (Six Rules), Part 1\", and debuted at number one on South Korea's Gaon Chart.", "Gangnam Style __knowledge__ On December 21, 2012, \"Gangnam Style\" became the first YouTube video to reach one billion and two billion views.", "Gangnam Style __knowledge__ The song's music video has been viewed over 3 billion times on YouTube, and was the most viewed video on YouTube from November 24, 2012, when it surpassed the music video for \"Baby\" by Justin Bieber featuring Ludacris, to July 10, 2017, when it was surpassed by the music video for \"See You Again\" by Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Felix Arvid Ulf Kjellberg ( ; ; born 24 October 1989), known online as PewDiePie ( ), is a Swedish web-based comedian and video producer.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ He is known for his Let's Play commentaries and vlogs, as well as his following on YouTube.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ Born in Gothenburg, Sweden, PewDiePie originally pursued a degree in industrial economics and technology management at Chalmers University of Technology.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ In 2010, during his time at the university, he registered a YouTube account under the name PewDiePie.", "PewDiePie __knowledge__ The following year, he dropped out of Chalmers after becoming disinterested with his degree field, much to the dismay of his parents.", "Colleen Ballinger __knowledge__ Colleen Ballinger (born November 21, 1986) is an American comedian, actress, singer and YouTube personality.", "Colleen Ballinger __knowledge__ She is best known for her Internet character Miranda Sings, posting videos of the character on YouTube and performing her one-woman comedy act on tour in theatres worldwide.", "Colleen Ballinger __knowledge__ She created the comically talentless, egotistical and eccentric character to satirize the many YouTube videos featuring people singing badly, but who appear unaware of their lack of talent.", "Colleen Ballinger __knowledge__ In her videos and stage act, the narcissistic character sings and dances badly, discusses current events that she misunderstands, gives inept \"tutorials\", collaborates with other YouTubers, and rants about her personal issues and her critics, whom she calls the \"haters\".", "Censorship of YouTube __knowledge__ Video-sharing platform YouTube is the second-most popular website as of 2017, according to Alexa Internet.", "Censorship of YouTube __knowledge__ According to the company's press page, YouTube has more than one billion users and each day those users watch more than one billion hours of video.", "Censorship of YouTube __knowledge__ Censorship of it has occurred and continues to occur in many countries throughout the world, though the website can typically still be accessed through VPN or proxy servers.", "Censorship of YouTube __knowledge__ YouTube blocking occurs for a variety of reasons including: In some countries YouTube is completely blocked, either through a long term standing ban or for more limited periods of time such as during periods of unrest, the run-up to an election, or in response to upcoming political anniversaries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Justin Drew Bieber (; born March 1, 1994) is a Canadian singer and songwriter.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG, Bieber released his debut EP, \"My World\", in late 2009.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It was certified platinum in the U.S.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his first full-length studio album, \"My World 2.0\", in 2010.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ It debuted at or near number one in several countries, was certified triple platinum in the U.S., and contained his single \"Baby\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following his debut album, he had his first headlining tour, the My World Tour, released the remix albums \"My Worlds Acoustic\" and \"Never Say Never – The Remixes\"—and the 3D biopic-concert film \"\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ He released his second studio album, \"Under the Mistletoe\", in November 2011, when it debuted at number one on the \"Billboard\" 200.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his third studio album, \"Believe,\" in 2012.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Its single \"Boyfriend\" reached number one in Canada.", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ His fourth studio album \"Purpose\" was released in November 2015, spawning three number one singles: \"What Do You Mean?", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ \", \"Sorry\", and \"Love Yourself\".", "Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Following the release of \"Purpose\", Bieber was featured on several successful collaborations, including \"Cold Water\", \"Let Me Love You\", \"Despacito (Remix)\", and \"I'm the One\".", "René-Nicolas Dufriche Desgenettes __knowledge__ René-Nicolas Dufriche, baron Desgenettes (23 May 1762, Alençon – 3 February 1837, Paris) was a French military doctor.", "René-Nicolas Dufriche Desgenettes __knowledge__ He was chief doctor to the French army in Egypt and at Waterloo.", "René-Nicolas Dufriche Desgenettes __knowledge__ Son of a lawyer at the Parliament of Rouen, he first studied at the Jesuit college at Alençon.", "René-Nicolas Dufriche Desgenettes __knowledge__ He studied classics at Collège Sainte-Barbe and the Collège du Plessis in Paris, but left off these studies to follow the course taught at the collège de France, from then on studying medicine with devotion.", "René-Nicolas Dufriche Desgenettes __knowledge__ Trained in the hospital services of Pelletan and Vicq d’Azyr, he also studied under John Hunter in London and Desbois de Rochefort and Boyer in France.", "Olympic-class ocean liner __knowledge__ The \"Olympic\"-class ocean liners were a trio of British ocean liners built by the Harland & Wolff shipyard for the White Star Line during the early 20th century.", "Olympic-class ocean liner __knowledge__ They were (1911), (1912), and (1915).", "Olympic-class ocean liner __knowledge__ All three were designed to be the largest and most luxurious passenger ships in the world, designed to give White Star an advantage in the transatlantic passenger trade.", "Olympic-class ocean liner __knowledge__ Two were lost early in their careers: \"Titanic\" sank in 1912 on its maiden voyage, after hitting an iceberg in the North Atlantic Ocean, and \"Britannic\" in 1916, after hitting a mine laid by the minelayer submarine in a barrier off Kea in the Aegean Sea during World War I.", "Canadian ice hockey stamps __knowledge__ Ice hockey has been a key element of Canada's cultural and social history.", "Canadian ice hockey stamps __knowledge__ This has been captured on various releases from Canada Post.", "Canadian ice hockey stamps __knowledge__ In 1956 Canada Post Office released a 5¢ stamp paying tribute to Canadian hockey players for \"the prestige they have earned for Canada in international competition.\"", "Canadian ice hockey stamps __knowledge__ Releases of the late 20th Century included the commemoration of the XV Olympic Winter Games held in Calgary, a three stamp set honouring the 75th Anniversary of the National Hockey League, the 100th Anniversary of the Stanley Cup, and the 25th Anniversary of the 1972 Summit Series.", "Canadian ice hockey stamps __knowledge__ In the 2000s, the key release has been the series of National Hockey League All-Stars.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ A lesbian is a homosexual woman who is romantically or sexually attracted to other women.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The term \"lesbian\" is also used to express sexual identity or sexual behavior regardless of sexual orientation, or as an adjective to characterize or associate nouns with female homosexuality or same-sex attraction.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ The concept of \"lesbian\", to differentiate women with a shared sexual orientation, is a 20th-century construct.", "Lesbian __knowledge__ Throughout history, women have not had the same freedom or independence to pursue homosexual relationships as men, but neither have they met the same harsh punishment as homosexual men in some societies.", "Scott Fowler __knowledge__ Scott Fowler (born July 9, 1966) was the baritone vocalist with the classic Cathedral Quartet from 1991 through 1999 when the quartet disbanded.", "Scott Fowler __knowledge__ After the retirement of the Cathedrals, he co-founded Legacy Five along with former Cathedral pianist Roger Bennett.", "Scott Fowler __knowledge__ Fowler sings lead for the group.", "Scott Fowler __knowledge__ He has also performed with groups such as The Messengers Quartet and The Sound.", "Scott Fowler __knowledge__ Scott Eric Fowler, co-founder, lead singer and manager for Legacy Five, was born the youngest of four siblings on July 9, 1966 in St. Louis, Missouri.", "Scott Fowler __knowledge__ He got his start singing when he was a boy.", "Scott Fowler __knowledge__ His dad preached revivals at area churches, and the family sang beforehand.", "Ricky Lawson __knowledge__ Ricky Lawson (November 8, 1954 – December 23, 2013) was an American drummer and composer.", "Ricky Lawson __knowledge__ A native of Detroit, Michigan, he worked extensively as a session musician, collaborating with Stevie Wonder, Michael Jackson, Eric Clapton, Phil Collins, Whitney Houston, Steely Dan, Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds and other artists.", "Ricky Lawson __knowledge__ He co-founded the jazz-fusion band Yellowjackets and won the 1987 Grammy Award for Best R&B Instrumental Performance for \"And You Know That\" from their album \"Shades\".", "Ricky Lawson __knowledge__ Lawson started playing drums at the age of sixteen.", "Ricky Lawson __knowledge__ He would borrow his uncle's drum set and carry it to his house across town via the Detroit bus system.", "Almogavars __knowledge__ Almogavars (, , and ) is the name of a class of soldier from many Christian Iberian kingdoms in the later phases of the Reconquista, during the 13th and 14th centuries.", "Almogavars __knowledge__ Almogavars were lightly clad, quick-moving frontiersmen and foot-soldiers.", "Almogavars __knowledge__ They hailed from the Kingdom of Aragon, the Principality of Catalonia, the Kingdom of Valencia, the Crown of Castile and the Kingdom of Portugal.", "Almogavars __knowledge__ At first these troops were formed by farmers and shepherds originating from the countryside, woods and frontier mountain areas.", "Almogavars __knowledge__ Later, they were employed as mercenaries in Italy, Latin Greece and the Levant.", "Almogavars __knowledge__ There are several theories as to where this name comes from: in Arabic المغاور \"al-mughāwir\" (the one who provokes riots) or as المخابر \"al-mukhābir\" (the carrier of news), al-Mujawir, \"Pilgrims, adjunct [to a holy place], outer marches\" and finally a third theory which holds that it comes from the adjective \"gabar\", which translates as \"prideful\" or \"haughty\".", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ Purpose is the fourth studio album by Canadian singer and songwriter Justin Bieber.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ It was released on November 13, 2015 by Def Jam Recordings and School Boy Records.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ It serves as the follow-up to Bieber's third studio album \"Believe\" (2012), and it was developed after the release of his collection \"Journals\" (2013), which saw him in a more R&B direction.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ The album was created over a period of two years, in which Bieber struggled to find a musical direction for recording, scrapping each of these tracks many times.", "Purpose (Justin Bieber album) __knowledge__ The album features guest vocals from Travis Scott, Big Sean and Halsey, and production help from Skrillex and Diplo.", "Justin Bieber videography __knowledge__ Canadian singer and songwriter Justin Bieber has been featured in thirty-three music videos, has made cameo appearances in two films and has appeared in several television series.", "Justin Bieber videography __knowledge__ For his debut extended play \"My World\" (2009), Bieber released music videos for the singles \"One Time\", \"One Less Lonely Girl\", and \"Love Me\".", "Justin Bieber videography __knowledge__ In the first two, Bieber plays a young man trying to show his affection for a young girl.", "Justin Bieber videography __knowledge__ Disappointed at the outcome at the end of the \"One Time\" video, he gets a date at the end of the video for \"One Less Lonely Girl\".", "Justin Bieber videography __knowledge__ The \"Love Me\" music video is a compilation of footage from concerts, backstage and studio films.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ Justin Bieber: Never Say Never is a 2011 American 3-D concert film centering on singer Justin Bieber.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ It was released in the United States on February 11, 2011 and grossed $99 million worldwide.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ A sequel was released on December 25, 2013, entitled \"Justin Bieber's Believe\".", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ The film follows the pop star Justin Bieber during 10 days counting down to what is considered his biggest performance, that of August 31, 2010 in Madison Square Garden, which sold out in 22 minutes.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ It shows footage of the performances during this period from his My World Tour.", "Justin Bieber: Never Say Never __knowledge__ It shows excited female fans, and several instances of the \"One Less Lonely Girl\" routine of inviting a girl on stage for him to serenade and give flowers to, and of surprising random girls with free tickets to his concerts.", "Justin Bieber discography __knowledge__ Justin Bieber has released four studio albums, five compilation albums, one extended play, twenty-nine singles (including eight as a featured artist), and seventeen promotional singles.", "Justin Bieber discography __knowledge__ At the age of thirteen, Bieber may have been discovered by current manager, Scooter Braun, on YouTube and may have been signed by R&B singer Usher to RBMG.", "Justin Bieber discography __knowledge__ Popular urban producers Tricky Stewart and The-Dream were enlisted for Bieber's debut single, \"One Time\", which peaked at number 12 in Canada and reached the top twenty in several other countries.", "Justin Bieber discography __knowledge__ Bieber's debut extended play \"My World\" was released in November 2009; it debuted at number one in Canada and reached the top five in several other countries, including the United Kingdom and the United States.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Justin Bieber is a Canadian singer and songwriter.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber's first full studio album, \"My World 2.0\", was released on March 19, 2010.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber released his second album \"Under the Mistletoe\" in 2011.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Bieber __knowledge__ His third album \"Believe\" was released the following year.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber has received two Brit Awards, one Bambi Award, and numerous fan voted awards which include 12 American Music Awards, 20 Teen Choice Awards and 22 MTV Europe Music Awards (the most by any artist).", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Bieber __knowledge__ Bieber has also been voted as a winner for one Grammy Award, and 14 \"Guinness World Records\" as well.", "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Bieber __knowledge__ The American Music Awards is an annual ceremony that was created by Dick Clark in 1973.", "One Time (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ \"One Time\" is the debut single of Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber.", "One Time (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It is the first single released from his debut EP, \"My World\".", "One Time (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was first solicited to mainstream and rhythmic radio on May 18, 2009.", "One Time (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ It was released via digital download in the United States and Canada on July 7, 2009, and was released in several other countries during autumn 2009.", "One Time (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ An acoustic version of the song, called the \"My Heart Edition\" was released to iTunes on December 22, 2009.", "One Time (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song, moderately paced with R&B, pop, and hip-hop influences, is an ode to young love.", "One Time (Justin Bieber song) __knowledge__ The song received positive reviews from critics, commending its production, vocals and quality of lyrics." ] ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 2, 4 ]

[ "I love Justin Drew Biebers'music", "I earlier thought he was an American,unknown to me he is a. Canadian singer and songwriter.", "Yes he was noticed in a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 .", "Bieber released his debut EP, \"My World\", in late 2009.", "became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the \"Billboard" ]

[ "Justin Bieber", "Justin Bieber", "Justin Bieber", "Justin Bieber", "Justin Bieber" ]

[ "McDonald's\nI love fast food but McDonald's is not my favorite.", "That would be cool! When was McDonald's first opened?", "How many franchises are there today?", "Are most of those located in the United States?", "What is their best selling menu item?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Criticism of fast food includes claimed negative health effects, alleged animal cruelty, cases of worker exploitation, and claims of cultural degradation via shifts in people's eating patterns away from traditional foods.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Fast food chains have come under fire from consumer groups, such as the Center for Science in the Public Interest, a longtime fast food critic over issues such as caloric content, trans fats and portion sizes.", "Criticism of fast food __knowledge__ Social scientists have highlighted how the prominence of fast food narratives in popular urban legends suggests that modern consumers have an ambivalent relationship (characterized by guilt) with fast food, particularly in relation to children.", "Fast food in China __knowledge__ Western-style fast food in China is a recent phenomenon, dating back only to January 1984 when McDonald's opened its first outlet in Taipei, Taiwan Province in the Republic of China.", "Fast food in China __knowledge__ In October 1987, Kentucky Fried Chicken, still the most popular fast food chain in China, established its first restaurant in the People's Republic of China (mainland area), located in Beijing.", "Fast food in China __knowledge__ KFC was later followed by McDonald's, which remains China's number two foreign fast food option.", "Fast food in China __knowledge__ In addition to American style fast food, China has many local options, including a slew of restaurants that attempt to imitate fast food, particularly KFC.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ McDonald's has been involved in a number of lawsuits and other legal cases in the course of the fast food chain's 70-year history.", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ Many of these have involved trademark issues, but McDonald's has also launched a defamation suit which has been described as \"the biggest corporate PR disaster in history\".", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ On 30 August 2013, McDonald's published a public notice in select newspapers, declaring that McDonald's India partner Vikram Bakshi had ceased to be the managing director of Connaught Plaza Restaurants (CPRL) pursuant to the expiration of his term on July 17, 2013.", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ CPRL, a joint venture between McDonald's and Vikram Bakshi, is responsible for managing the over 150 McDonald's outlets in North and East regions of India.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ Lanny King McDonald (born February 16, 1953) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Colorado Rockies and Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ He played over 1,100 games during a 16-year career in which he scored 500 goals and over 1,000 points.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ His total of 66 goals in 1982–83 remains the Flames' franchise record for a single season.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was selected by the Maple Leafs as the fourth overall pick in the 1973 NHL Amateur Draft and established himself as an offensive forward with three consecutive 40-goal seasons in Toronto in the mid-1970s.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ Angus William McDonald (February 14, 1799 – December 1, 1864) was a 19th-century American military officer and lawyer in the U.S. state of Virginia.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ He also served as a colonel in command of the Confederate States Army's 7th Virginia Cavalry during the American Civil War.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was appointed to serve in a number of prominent political positions including a superintendent overseeing the construction of the Northwestern Turnpike and a commissioner representing Virginia in its boundary dispute with Maryland.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was the grandson of Virginia military officer and frontiersman, Angus McDonald (1727–1778) and the father of United States Fish Commissioner Marshall McDonald (1835–1895).", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is a city located in the Riverside-San Bernardino metropolitan area (sometimes called the \"Inland Empire\").", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ It serves as the county seat of San Bernardino County, California, United States.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ As one of the Inland Empire's anchor cities, San Bernardino spans on the floor of the San Bernardino Valley and has a population of 209,924 as of the 2010 census.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is the 17th-largest city in California and the 100th-largest city in the United States.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is home to numerous diplomatic missions for the Inland Empire, being one of four cities in California with numerous consulates (the other three being Los Angeles, San Diego, and the greater metropolitan San Francisco Bay Area including San Jose and San Francisco).", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino, California, was named in 1810.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino's earliest known inhabitants were Serrano Indians (Spanish for \"people of the mountains\") who spent their winters in the valley, and their summers in the cooler mountains.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They were known as the \"Yuhaviatam\" or People of the Pines.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They have lived in the valley since approximately 1000 B.C.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They lived in small brush covered structures.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ At the time the Spanish first visited the valley, approximately 1500 Serranos inhabited the area.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They lived in villages of ten to thirty structures that the Spanish named rancherías.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ The Tongva Indians also called the San Bernardino area Wa'aach in their language.", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ The Inland Empire (I.E.)", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ is a metropolitan area and region in Southern California.", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ The term may be used to refer to the cities of western Riverside County and southwestern San Bernardino County.", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ A broader definition will include eastern Los Angeles County cities in the Pomona Valley, and sometimes the desert communities of Palm Springs and the rest of the Coachella Valley; a much larger definition includes all of San Bernardino and Riverside counties.", "Inland Empire __knowledge__ The U.S. Census Bureau-defined Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario metropolitan area, which comprises Riverside County and San Bernardino County, California, covers more than 27,000 square miles (70,000 km) and has a population of approximately 4 million.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino County, officially the County of San Bernardino, is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of California.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, the population was 2,035,210, making it the fifth-most populous county in California, and the 12th-most populous in the United States.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ The county seat is San Bernardino.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino County is included in the Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, also known as the Inland Empire, as well as the Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area.", "San Bernardino County, California __knowledge__ With an area of 20,105 square miles, San Bernardino County is the largest county in the United States by area, although some of Alaska's boroughs and census areas are larger.", "2015 San Bernardino attack __knowledge__ On December 2, 2015, 14 people were killed and 22 others were seriously injured in a terrorist attack consisting of a mass shooting and an attempted bombing at the Inland Regional Center in San Bernardino, California.", "2015 San Bernardino attack __knowledge__ The perpetrators, Syed Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, a married couple living in the city of Redlands, targeted a San Bernardino County Department of Public Health training event and Christmas party of about 80 employees in a rented banquet room.", "2015 San Bernardino attack __knowledge__ Farook was a U.S.-born citizen of Pakistani descent, who worked as a health department employee.", "2015 San Bernardino attack __knowledge__ Malik was a Pakistani-born lawful permanent resident of the United States.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ The San Bernardino Mountains are a high and rugged mountain range in Southern California in the United States.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ Situated north and northeast of San Bernardino and spanning two California counties, the range tops out at at San Gorgonio Mountain – the tallest peak in all of Southern California.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ The San Bernardinos form a significant region of wilderness and are popular for hiking and skiing.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ The mountains were formed about eleven million years ago by tectonic activity along the San Andreas Fault, and are still actively rising.", "San Bernardino Mountains __knowledge__ Many local rivers originate in the range, which receives significantly more precipitation than the surrounding desert.", "San Bernardino Valley __knowledge__ The San Bernardino Valley is a valley in Southern California.", "San Bernardino Valley __knowledge__ It lies at the south base of the Transverse Ranges.", "San Bernardino Valley __knowledge__ It is bordered on the north by the eastern San Gabriel Mountains and the San Bernardino Mountains; on the east by the San Jacinto Mountains; and on the south by the Temescal Mountains and Santa Ana Mountains; and on the west by the Pomona Valley.", "San Bernardino Valley __knowledge__ Elevation varies from on valley floors near Chino, where it gradually increases to about near San Bernardino and Redlands.", "San Bernardino Valley __knowledge__ The valley floor houses roughly over 80% of the over 4 million total human population in the Inland Empire region.", "San Bernardino Valley __knowledge__ The San Bernardino Valley was originally inhabited by Californian Native Americans, including people of the Serrano, Cahuilla, and Tongva tribes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ At the end of the company's fiscal year in 2015, Burger King reported it had more than 15,000 outlets in 84 countries; of these, approximately 50% are in the United States and 99.9% are privately owned and operated.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The company locations employ more than 37,000 people who serve approximately 11.4 million customers daily.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ Since its predecessor's inception in 1953, Burger King has used several variations of franchising to expand its operations.", "Franchising __knowledge__ Franchising is based on a marketing concept which can be adopted by an organisation as a strategy for business expansion.", "Franchising __knowledge__ Where implemented, a franchiser licenses its know-how, procedures, intellectual property, use of its business model, brand; and rights to sell its branded products and services to a franchisee.", "Franchising __knowledge__ In return the franchisee pays certain fees and agrees to comply with certain obligations, typically set out in a Franchise Agreement.", "Franchising __knowledge__ The word \"franchise\" is of Anglo-French derivation—from \"franc\", meaning free—and is used both as a noun and as a (transitive) verb.", "Franchising __knowledge__ For the franchisor, use of a franchise system is an alternative business growth strategy, compared to say expansion through corporate owned outlets or \"chain stores\".", "North American Soccer League (1968–84) __knowledge__ The North American Soccer League (NASL) was the top-level major professional soccer league in the United States and Canada that operated from 1968 to 1984.", "North American Soccer League (1968–84) __knowledge__ It was the first soccer league to be successful on a national scale in the United States.", "North American Soccer League (1968–84) __knowledge__ The league final was called the Soccer Bowl from 1975 to 1983 and the Soccer Bowl Series in its final year, 1984.", "North American Soccer League (1968–84) __knowledge__ The league was headed by Commissioner Phil Woosnam from 1969 to 1983.", "North American Soccer League (1968–84) __knowledge__ The league's popularity peaked in the late 1970s.", "North American Soccer League (1968–84) __knowledge__ The league averaged over 13,000 fans per game in each season from 1977 to 1983, and the league's matches were broadcast on network television from 1975 to 1980.", "National Football League franchise moves and mergers __knowledge__ Throughout the years, a number of teams in the National Football League (NFL) have either moved or merged.", "National Football League franchise moves and mergers __knowledge__ In the early years, the NFL was not stable and teams moved frequently to survive, or were folded only to be resurrected in a different city with the same players and owners.", "National Football League franchise moves and mergers __knowledge__ The Great Depression era saw the movement of most surviving small-town NFL teams to the large cities to ensure survival.", "National Football League franchise moves and mergers __knowledge__ Franchise mergers were popular during World War II in response to the scarcity of players.", "National Football League franchise moves and mergers __knowledge__ Few of these relocations and mergers were accompanied with widespread controversy.", "National Football League franchise moves and mergers __knowledge__ Franchise moves became far more controversial in the late 20th century when a vastly more popular NFL, free from financial instability, allowed many franchises to abandon long-held strongholds for perceived financially greener pastures.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The National Football League (NFL) was founded in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association (APFA) with ten teams from four states, all of whom existed in some form as participants of regional leagues in their respective territories; it took on its current name in 1922.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The NFL was the first professional football league to successfully establish a nationwide presence, after several decades of failed attempts.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ Only two teams currently in the NFL, the Decatur Staleys (now the Chicago Bears) and the Chicago Cardinals (now the Arizona Cardinals), are founding members.", "History of the National Football League __knowledge__ The Green Bay Packers, founded 1919 (joined the NFL in 1921), is the oldest NFL franchise in continuous operation with the same name in the same location.", "Radovich v. National Football League __knowledge__ Radovich v. National Football League (NFL), is a U.S. Supreme Court decision ruling that professional football, unlike professional baseball, was subject to antitrust laws.", "Radovich v. National Football League __knowledge__ It was the third of three such cases heard by the Court in the 1950s involving the antitrust status of professional sports.", "Radovich v. National Football League __knowledge__ Three justices dissented, finding the majority arbitrary and inconsistent in refusing football the exemption it had upheld five years previously in \"Toolson v. New York Yankees\" ().", "Radovich v. National Football League __knowledge__ The majority admitted that the similarity between the two sports from a legal standpoint would probably have denied baseball the exemption as well were it sought afresh, but existing case law had tied their hands in the absence of any congressional action.", "British Basketball League __knowledge__ The British Basketball League, often abbreviated to the BBL, is a men's professional basketball league in Great Britain, the highest level of play in the country.", "British Basketball League __knowledge__ The BBL runs two knockout competitions alongside the BBL Championship; the BBL Cup and the BBL Trophy, as well as the post-season Play-offs.", "British Basketball League __knowledge__ The BBL is not to be confused with the English Basketball League (EBL) or the Scottish Men's National League, which effectively form the second tier of British basketball.", "British Basketball League __knowledge__ There is currently no promotion or relegation between the English and Scottish leagues and the BBL because of the franchise system in use in the BBL, although several clubs have been elected from the EBL in recent years.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Marie McDonald __knowledge__ Marie \"The body\" McDonald (July 6, 1923 – October 21, 1965) was an American singer and actress known as \"The Body Beautiful\" and later nicknamed \"The Body\".", "Marie McDonald __knowledge__ Born Cora Marie Frye in Burgin, Kentucky, she was the daughter Evertt \"Ed\" Frye and Marie Taboni (\"née\" McDonald) who performed in the Ziegfeld Follies.", "Marie McDonald __knowledge__ After her parents divorced, she eventually moved with her mother and stepfather to Yonkers, New York.", "Marie McDonald __knowledge__ At the age of 15, she began competing in numerous beauty pageants and was named \"The Queen of Coney Island\", \"Miss Yonkers\" and \"Miss Loew's Paradise\".", "Marie McDonald __knowledge__ At the age of 15, she dropped out of school and began modeling.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ David John McDonald (November 22, 1902 – August 8, 1979) was an American labor leader and president of the United Steelworkers of America from 1952 to 1965.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was born in 1902 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to David and Mary (Kelly) McDonald, Welsh immigrants.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ David McDonald, Sr. was a long-time union activist who had been run out of Springfield, Illinois, because of his union activity.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ After failing as a saloonkeeper, McDonald, Sr. got a job as a guide setter at a Jones and Laughlin Steel Company rolling mill and joined the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers.", "David J. McDonald __knowledge__ Mary McDonald's father had been an officer in the Sons of Vulcan, an early ironworkers' union, and both uncles on his mother's side were unionists.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ Lanny King McDonald (born February 16, 1953) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Colorado Rockies and Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL).", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ He played over 1,100 games during a 16-year career in which he scored 500 goals and over 1,000 points.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ His total of 66 goals in 1982–83 remains the Flames' franchise record for a single season.", "Lanny McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was selected by the Maple Leafs as the fourth overall pick in the 1973 NHL Amateur Draft and established himself as an offensive forward with three consecutive 40-goal seasons in Toronto in the mid-1970s.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ Angus William McDonald (February 14, 1799 – December 1, 1864) was a 19th-century American military officer and lawyer in the U.S. state of Virginia.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ He also served as a colonel in command of the Confederate States Army's 7th Virginia Cavalry during the American Civil War.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was appointed to serve in a number of prominent political positions including a superintendent overseeing the construction of the Northwestern Turnpike and a commissioner representing Virginia in its boundary dispute with Maryland.", "Angus William McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald was the grandson of Virginia military officer and frontiersman, Angus McDonald (1727–1778) and the father of United States Fish Commissioner Marshall McDonald (1835–1895)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Rico (Spanish for \"Rich Port\"), officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (, \"Free Associated State of Puerto Rico\") and briefly called Porto Rico, is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the northeast Caribbean Sea.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ An archipelago among the Greater Antilles, Puerto Rico includes the main island of Puerto Rico and a number of smaller ones, such as Mona, Culebra, and Vieques.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is San Juan.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Its official languages are Spanish and English, though Spanish predominates.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ The island's population is approximately 3.4 million.", "Puerto Rico __knowledge__ Puerto Rico's history, tropical climate, natural scenery, traditional cuisine, and tax incentives make it a destination for travelers from around the world.", "United Kingdom–United States relations __knowledge__ British–American relations, also referred to as Anglo-American relations, encompass many complex relations ranging from two early wars to competition for world markets.", "United Kingdom–United States relations __knowledge__ Since 1940 they have been close military allies enjoying the Special Relationship built as wartime allies, and NATO partners.", "United Kingdom–United States relations __knowledge__ The two nations are bound together by shared history, an overlap in religion and a common language and legal system, and kinship ties that reach back hundreds of years, including kindred, ancestral lines among English Americans, Scottish Americans, Welsh Americans, Scotch-Irish Americans and American Britons respectively.", "United States __knowledge__ The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.", "United States __knowledge__ At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with over 325 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous.", "United States __knowledge__ The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City.", "United States __knowledge__ Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico.", "Iran–United States relations __knowledge__ There are no formal diplomatic relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the United States of America.", "Iran–United States relations __knowledge__ Pakistan serves as Iran's protecting power in the United States, while Switzerland serves as the United States' protecting power in Iran.", "Iran–United States relations __knowledge__ Contacts are carried out through the Iranian Interests Section of the Pakistani Embassy in Washington, D.C. and the U.S.", "Iran–United States relations __knowledge__ Interests Section of the Swiss Embassy in Tehran.", "Iran–United States relations __knowledge__ Relations between the two nations began in the mid-to-late nineteenth century.", "Iran–United States relations __knowledge__ Initially, while Iran was very wary of British and Russian colonial interests during The Great Game, the United States was seen as a more trustworthy foreign power, and the Americans Arthur Millspaugh and Morgan Shuster were even appointed treasurers-general by the Shahs of the time.", "Israel–United States relations __knowledge__ Israel–United States relations are a very important factor in the United States government's overall policy in the Middle East, and Congress has placed considerable importance on the maintenance of a close and supportive relationship.", "Israel–United States relations __knowledge__ The main expression of Congressional support for Israel has been foreign aid.", "Israel–United States relations __knowledge__ Since 1985, it has provided nearly US$3 billion in grants annually to Israel, with Israel being the largest annual recipient of American aid from 1976 to 2004 and the largest cumulative recipient of aid ($121 billion, not inflation-adjusted) since World War II.", "Israel–United States relations __knowledge__ Seventy-four percent of these funds must be spent purchasing US goods and services.", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora (), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Sonora (), is one of 31 states that, with Mexico City, comprise the 32 federal entities of United Mexican States.", "Sonora __knowledge__ It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo.", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora is bordered by the states of Chihuahua to the east, Baja California to the northwest and Sinaloa to the south.", "Sonora __knowledge__ To the north, it shares the U.S.–Mexico border with the states of Arizona and New Mexico, and on the west has a significant share of the coastline of the Gulf of California.", "Sonora __knowledge__ Sonora's natural geography is divided into three parts: the Sierra Madre Occidental in the east of the state; plains and rolling hills in the center; and the coast on the Gulf of California.", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "2016 McDonald's All-American Boys Game __knowledge__ The 2016 McDonald's All-American Boys Game was an All-star basketball game played on Wednesday, March 30, 2016 at the United Center in Chicago, Illinois, home of the Chicago Bulls.", "2016 McDonald's All-American Boys Game __knowledge__ The game's rosters features the best and most highly recruited high school boys graduating in 2016.", "2016 McDonald's All-American Boys Game __knowledge__ The game is the 39th annual version of the McDonald's All-American Game first played in 1977.", "2016 McDonald's All-American Boys Game __knowledge__ The 24 players were selected from 2,500 nominees by a committee of basketball experts.", "2016 McDonald's All-American Boys Game __knowledge__ They were chosen not only for their on-court skills, but for their performances off the court as well.", "2016 McDonald's All-American Boys Game __knowledge__ Coach Morgan Wootten, who had more than 1,200 wins as head basketball coach at DeMatha High School, was chairman of the selection committee.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Guangzhi Yuan __knowledge__ The Guangzhi Yuan () is a historical building in the City of Jinan, Shandong Province, China.", "Guangzhi Yuan __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, it housed a museum that became the forerunner of the Shandong Provincial Museum.", "Guangzhi Yuan __knowledge__ The Guangzhi Yuan is linked to Shandong's oldest museum, the Yidu Museum that was opened by British Baptist missionary John Sutherland Whitewright in Qingzhou in 1887.", "Guangzhi Yuan __knowledge__ The science history and exhibits of the Yidu Museum were relocated to Jinan in 1904 and renamed to Guangzhi Yuan.", "Guangzhi Yuan __knowledge__ Later, it was operated as the Whitewright Institute at Shantung Christian University.", "Guangzhi Yuan __knowledge__ The museum became quickly popular and attracted 102,000 visitors in the first four months after opening in Jinan.", "Tara McDonald __knowledge__ Tara Jane McDonald is an English-Irish songwriter and vocalist signed to Play Two/ Warner records and lives in Rochester, Kent.", "Tara McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald achieved success working and co-writing with Armand Van Helden and Axwell on the chart hits \"My My My\" and \"Feel the Vibe\".", "Tara McDonald __knowledge__ Both these projects debuted at  1 in the club charts before peaking in the UK sales charts at No.", "Tara McDonald __knowledge__ 12 and No.", "Tara McDonald __knowledge__ 16, respectively.", "Tara McDonald __knowledge__ She has also collaborated with Todd Terry, co-writing the song \"Get Down\", and with David Guetta, co-writing \"Delirious\" and \"You Are Not Alone\" on his album \"Pop Life\".", "Tara McDonald __knowledge__ McDonald hosted her own one-hour dance music radio show on Dash Radio called \"I Like This Beat\" (formerly called \"Shut Up & Dance\").", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ McDonald's has been involved in a number of lawsuits and other legal cases in the course of the fast food chain's 70-year history.", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ Many of these have involved trademark issues, but McDonald's has also launched a defamation suit which has been described as \"the biggest corporate PR disaster in history\".", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ On 30 August 2013, McDonald's published a public notice in select newspapers, declaring that McDonald's India partner Vikram Bakshi had ceased to be the managing director of Connaught Plaza Restaurants (CPRL) pursuant to the expiration of his term on July 17, 2013.", "McDonald's legal cases __knowledge__ CPRL, a joint venture between McDonald's and Vikram Bakshi, is responsible for managing the over 150 McDonald's outlets in North and East regions of India." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ abs number Stands for absolute.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ Reports the absolute value of its input.and biological reactions Example: 20034#8#4% and true-or-false1 true-or-false2 Reports true if all its inputs report true.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ If more than two inputs are used, and's inputs must be enclosed in parentheses.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ See or and not.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ Examples: Displays the message in an alert box.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ Clicking OK closes the box.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ See question and answer.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ To reposition the default alert box, use the set command.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ The position is in turtle coordinates; [0 0] is the middle of the page.", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ The default position is [-200 50].", "List of MicroWorlds Logo commands __knowledge__ This is the position of the upper, left corner of the alert box.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Menu engineering __knowledge__ Menu engineering is an interdisciplinary field of study devoted to the deliberate and strategic construction of menus.", "Menu engineering __knowledge__ It is also commonly referred to as menu psychology.", "Menu engineering __knowledge__ In general, the term \"menu engineering\" is used within the hospitality industry (specifically in the context of restaurants), but can be applied to any industry that displays a list of product or service offerings for consumer choice.", "Menu engineering __knowledge__ Typically the goal with menu engineering is to maximize a firm's profitability by subconsciously encouraging customers to buy what you want them to buy, and discouraging purchase of items you don't want them to buy.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Gopher (protocol) __knowledge__ The Gopher protocol is a TCP/IP application layer protocol designed for distributing, searching, and retrieving documents over the Internet.", "Gopher (protocol) __knowledge__ The Gopher protocol was strongly oriented towards a menu-document design and presented an alternative to the World Wide Web in its early stages, but ultimately Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) became the dominant protocol.", "Gopher (protocol) __knowledge__ The Gopher ecosystem is often regarded as the effective predecessor of the World Wide Web.", "Gopher (protocol) __knowledge__ The protocol was invented by a team led by Mark P. McCahill at the University of Minnesota.", "Gopher (protocol) __knowledge__ It offers some features not natively supported by the Web and imposes a much stronger hierarchy on information stored on it.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Lotteria __knowledge__ Lotteria is a chain of fast-food restaurants in East Asia that grew out of its first shop in Tokyo, Japan in September 1972.", "Lotteria __knowledge__ Taking its name from its parent company, Lotte, it currently has franchises in Japan, South Korea, Indonesia, Vietnam, Cambodia and Myanmar.", "Lotteria __knowledge__ Its menu includes typical fast-food items such as burgers, fried potato, fried chicken, chicken wings, and chicken fingers.", "Lotteria __knowledge__ The company was founded in February 1972 in Tokyo, Japan by Shin Jun Ho, a Korean entrepreneur.", "Lotteria __knowledge__ Its first franchises opened in Nihonbashi, Ueno, and Yokohama in September of that year.", "Lotteria __knowledge__ In 1979 the brand was established in Seoul, South Korea.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.", "KFC __knowledge__ Headquartered in Louisville, Kentucky, it is the world's second-largest restaurant chain (as measured by sales) after McDonald's, with almost 20,000 locations globally in 123 countries and territories .", "KFC __knowledge__ The chain is a subsidiary of Yum!", "KFC __knowledge__ Brands, a restaurant company that also owns the Pizza Hut and Taco Bell chains.", "KFC __knowledge__ KFC was founded by Colonel Harland Sanders, an entrepreneur who began selling fried chicken from his roadside restaurant in Corbin, Kentucky during the Great Depression.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 6, 6, 8 ]

[ "I visited the original site of McDonald's in San Bernardino, CA.", "McDonald's was founded in 1940", "As of 2016 McDonald's had 39,900 outlets", "McDonald's is in over 100 countries but most outlets are in the US.", "I believe that it is the fruit parfait these days given changing consumer tastes" ]

[ "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's" ]

[ "Adam Levine", "I've definitely heard the name but I don't know much about him honestly.", "Oh okay, yeah I've heard of him before!", "Did that have much success? Probably not but I'm not sure haha." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "Michel Roger Lafosse __knowledge__ Michel Roger Lafosse (born 21 April 1958 in Watermael-Boitsfort, Brussels, Belgium), subsequently known as Michael James Alexander Stewart of Albany, claims to be a descendant of Charles Edward Stuart (\"Bonnie Prince Charlie\") and to be the legitimate Jacobite claimant to the throne of the Kingdom of Scotland.", "Michel Roger Lafosse __knowledge__ Since 1979 he has referred to himself as \"HRH Prince Michael James Alexander Stewart, 7th Count of Albany\", stating that an ancestor used the title \"Count of Albany\".", "Michel Roger Lafosse __knowledge__ Lafosse also says he has the right to other noble titles including Comte de Blois, Duc d'Aquitaine and Baron Lafosse de Chatry.", "Get Home Safely __knowledge__ Get Home Safely is the second studio album by American rapper Dom Kennedy.", "Get Home Safely __knowledge__ The album was released on October 15, 2013.", "Get Home Safely __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Skeme, Krondon, Ty Dolla Sign, Nipsey Hussle and TeeFLii.", "Get Home Safely __knowledge__ On March 25, 2013, Dom Kennedy announced his second studio album would be titled \"Get Home Safely\" and announced it would be released in summer 2013.", "Get Home Safely __knowledge__ In September 2013, during an interview with HipHopDX, he spoke about what fans can expect from the album, saying: \"Man, they can expect the highest quality music they’ve definitely heard from me, and they’ve probably heard from a lot of genres—not just Hip Hop.", "Rico Beats __knowledge__ Ricardo LaMarre, better known as his stage name Rico Beats, is an American record producer and songwriter from southside Brooklyn, New York City.", "Rico Beats __knowledge__ His most famous production credits are DJ Khaled's \"Take That Off\", Nicki Minaj's \"Roman Reloaded\", Soulja Boy's \"Mean Mug\" and Pusha T's \"Exodus 23:1\".", "Rico Beats __knowledge__ In 2004, Rico decided he wanted to be a record producer when he was in college.", "Rico Beats __knowledge__ Once he heard Needlz produce \"Bang Bang\" by Young Buck so he started following his work, and it turned out that they had a mutual friend, so he was introduced and it went from there.", "Rico Beats __knowledge__ He really admired Needlz and bought the same equipment as him so that he could recreate his sound as best he could.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ Linda Maria Ronstadt (born July 15, 1946) is an American popular music singer known for singing in a wide range of genres including rock, country, jazz, light opera, and Latin.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has earned 11 Grammy Awards, three American Music Awards, two Academy of Country Music awards, an Emmy Award, and an ALMA Award, and many of her albums have been certified gold, platinum or multiplatinum in the United States and internationally.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She has also earned nominations for a Tony Award and a Golden Globe award.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ She was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in April 2014.", "Linda Ronstadt __knowledge__ On July 28, 2014, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts and Humanities.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Chris Cornell (born Christopher John Boyle; July 20, 1964 – May 18, 2017) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ He was best known as the lead vocalist for the rock bands Soundgarden and Audioslave.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell was also known for his numerous solo works and soundtrack contributions since 1991, and as the founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog, the one-off tribute band dedicated to his late friend Andrew Wood.", "Chris Cornell __knowledge__ Cornell is considered one of the chief architects of the 1990s grunge movement, and is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter, his nearly four-octave vocal range, and his powerful vocal belting technique.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ It currently consists of lead vocalist Adam Levine, keyboardist and rhythm guitarist Jesse Carmichael, bassist Mickey Madden, lead guitarist James Valentine, drummer Matt Flynn, keyboardist PJ Morton and multi-instrumentalist Sam Farrar.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Original members Adam Levine, Jesse Carmichael, Mickey Madden and drummer Ryan Dusick first came together as Kara's Flowers in 1994, while they were still in high school.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ The band self-released an album called \"We Like Digging?", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ \", then signed to Reprise Records and released the album \"The Fourth World\" in 1997.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ Javier Colon (alternately styled Javier Colón, born April 29, 1978) is an American singer-songwriter and musician.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ He has referred to his style of music as being \"acoustic soul.\"", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ He was a member of EmcQ and The Derek Trucks Band, and worked with many musicians before going solo.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ From 2002 to 2006, he was signed to Capitol Records, known as artist Javier.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ In 2006, however, the contract was terminated and Javier Colon became an independent artist with his own label, Javier Colon Music.", "Javier Colon __knowledge__ In 2011, he was the winner of the inaugural season of the U.S. television show on NBC, \"The Voice\", receiving $100,000 and signing a recording contract with Universal Republic Records.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ \"Payphone\" is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American rapper Wiz Khalifa.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was released on April 16, 2012, as the lead single from their fourth studio album, \"Overexposed\" (2012).", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, Robopop, Shellback, and Khalifa, and produced by Blanco and Shellback.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song is a pop ballad and describes a romance that ended abruptly.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ It has received favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the catchy melody and named it \"a radio success\", but some others dismissed its title and Khalifa's appearance.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ \"Moves like Jagger\" is a song by American band Maroon 5 featuring singer Christina Aguilera.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ It was released by A&M Octone Records on June 21, 2011, as the fourth and final single from the re-release of the group's third studio album \"Hands All Over\" (2010).", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Ammar Malik, Benjamin Levin, and Shellback; the latter two are also the producers.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ \"Moves like Jagger\" is a dance-pop and electropop song and is backed by synths and electronic drums.", "Moves like Jagger __knowledge__ The lyrics refer to a male's ability to impress a love interest with his dance moves, which he compares to those of Mick Jagger, lead singer of The Rolling Stones.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a song recorded by American pop rock band Maroon 5 for their fifth studio album, \"V\" (2014).", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was written by Mike Posner, Adam Levine, Dr. Luke, and Jacob Kasher Hindlin together with its producers Ammo and Cirkut.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was sent to contemporary hit radio in the United States, as the third single from the album on January 13, 2015.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a disco, funk-pop and soul song that features a wide range of instruments including percussion, keyboards and guitars.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ Commercially, \"Sugar\" peaked at number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and became the band's third top 10 single from \"V\", and eighth consecutive top 10 entry.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ \"Heard 'Em Say\" is a song by American hip-hop artist Kanye West.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ It was released on November 8, 2005 as the third single for his second studio album, \"Late Registration\".", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The song features Maroon 5 lead singer Adam Levine, who sings the chorus and bridge.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ West co-produced the track with Jon Brion, and it contains excerpts from \"Someone That I Used to Love\" as performed by Natalie Cole.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The song was met by acclaim from contemporary music critics and is often seen as one of West's best.", "Heard 'Em Say __knowledge__ The refrain of \"Heard 'Em Say\" was later recycled for the Maroon 5 song \"Nothing Lasts Forever\" which appears on their 2007 album \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ Ookla the Mok is a filk band fronted by Rand Bellavia and Adam English.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ The two met as undergraduates while attending Houghton College in 1988.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ The band is named after a character from the Ruby-Spears Productions cartoon \"Thundarr the Barbarian\", created by Steve Gerber.", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ They provided the theme song to Disney's \"Fillmore!", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ \", and scored the feature film \"Bite Me, Fanboy!\"", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ They have won four Pegasus Awards for excellence in filk music, and the 2014 Logan Award for Outstanding Original Comedy Song (\"Mwahaha\").", "Ookla the Mok (band) __knowledge__ Ookla the Mok had the most requested song on Dr. Demento's syndicated radio show in both 2012 (\"Tantric Yoda\") and 2013.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ \"Loveline\" has frequent games and traditions in which phone callers, guests, and the hosts participate.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Most of the games and traditions come and leave with their respective hosts.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Engineer Anderson Cowan is fond of splicing up phrases Drew, Adam, Stryker, and guests have uttered on previous shows and \"dropping\" them into new shows mid-call, to the confusion of callers and amusement of seasoned listeners.", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ Some favorites are: Some of the Drew Drops were set to music in the \"Dr. Drew Shuffle\" and the later \"Dr. Drew Boogie.\"", "List of Loveline games __knowledge__ There are some other drops taken from a skit on the television show \"Crank Yankers\".", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Go Round (song) __knowledge__ \"Go Round\" (released with \"Yeah-Oh\" as \"Go Round/Yeah-Oh\") is a song by Japanese recording artist Namie Amuro from her tenth studio album \"Uncontrolled\" (2012).", "Go Round (song) __knowledge__ It was released as a double a-side single with another album track \"Yeah-Oh\" and was served as the fourth single on March 21, 2012 by Avex Trax.", "Go Round (song) __knowledge__ \"Go Round\" was written by Aili, produced by T-Sk and co-composed by Tesung Kim and Australian duo Nervo.", "Go Round (song) __knowledge__ With a cover sleeve, photographed by Takaki Kumada, showing Amuro in front of a blurry window pane, \"Go Round\" was recorded both in English and Japanese language and is a dance-pop song.", "Go Round (song) __knowledge__ \"Go Round\" received mixed reviews from music critics, many whom highlighted it from the parent album and commended the composition while some felt the production and lyrics were generic and regressive.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" is a single released in 1985 by the Swiss band Yello and featured on their album \"Stella\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song features a mix of electronic music and manipulated vocals.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ The song gained popularity after being featured in the films \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and \"The Secret of My Success\", among other films.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It has become an iconic anthem of the 1980s, and used to metaphorically represent lust (in various forms) and cocaine.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ It is a popular staple in movies, television and commercials.", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Its 1987 re-released version features the extra lyrics: \"such a good time / a really good time\".", "Oh Yeah (Yello song) __knowledge__ Describing the composition of \"Oh Yeah,\" Blank said, \"First I did the music and then I invited Dieter to sing along, and he came up with some lines which I thought, 'no Dieter, it's too complicated, we don't need that many lyrics'.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ It currently consists of lead vocalist Adam Levine, keyboardist and rhythm guitarist Jesse Carmichael, bassist Mickey Madden, lead guitarist James Valentine, drummer Matt Flynn, keyboardist PJ Morton and multi-instrumentalist Sam Farrar.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ Original members Adam Levine, Jesse Carmichael, Mickey Madden and drummer Ryan Dusick first came together as Kara's Flowers in 1994, while they were still in high school.", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ The band self-released an album called \"We Like Digging?", "Maroon 5 __knowledge__ \", then signed to Reprise Records and released the album \"The Fourth World\" in 1997.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ \"Payphone\" is a song performed by American pop rock band Maroon 5 featuring American rapper Wiz Khalifa.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was released on April 16, 2012, as the lead single from their fourth studio album, \"Overexposed\" (2012).", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Adam Levine, Benny Blanco, Ammar Malik, Robopop, Shellback, and Khalifa, and produced by Blanco and Shellback.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ The song is a pop ballad and describes a romance that ended abruptly.", "Payphone (song) __knowledge__ It has received favorable reviews from music critics, who praised the catchy melody and named it \"a radio success\", but some others dismissed its title and Khalifa's appearance.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a song recorded by American pop rock band Maroon 5 for their fifth studio album, \"V\" (2014).", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was written by Mike Posner, Adam Levine, Dr. Luke, and Jacob Kasher Hindlin together with its producers Ammo and Cirkut.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ It was sent to contemporary hit radio in the United States, as the third single from the album on January 13, 2015.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ \"Sugar\" is a disco, funk-pop and soul song that features a wide range of instruments including percussion, keyboards and guitars.", "Sugar (Maroon 5 song) __knowledge__ Commercially, \"Sugar\" peaked at number two on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and became the band's third top 10 single from \"V\", and eighth consecutive top 10 entry.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ Overexposed is the fourth studio album by the American band Maroon 5, released on June 20, 2012, by A&M Octone Records.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ The album was recorded between 2011 and 2012 and was driven after the moderate success of their third album, \"Hands All Over\" (2010), and later by the enormous success of the re-released edition, which was promoted by the single \"Moves Like Jagger\", recorded as a collaboration with Christina Aguilera.", "Overexposed (album) __knowledge__ It is the band's only album not to feature keyboardist, rhythm guitarist and background vocalist, Jesse Carmichael, who took a temporary break from performing with the group to focus on his studies back then, but eventually returned to the band in 2014.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Serbian rock is the rock music scene of Serbia.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ During the 1960s, 1970s and the 1980s, while Serbia was a constituent republic of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Serbian rock scene was a part of the SFR Yugoslav rock scene.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was not an Eastern Bloc country, but a member of the Non-Aligned Movement and as such, it was far more opened to the Western culture comparing to the other socialist countries.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll reached Yugoslavia via foreign radio stations, most notably Radio Luxemburg, and rock and roll records, brought in from the West.", "Rock music in Serbia __knowledge__ Rock and roll influences reached schlager singers, most notably Đorđe Marjanović, who released the first popular music solo album in Serbia, in 1959.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Hands All Over is the third studio album by the American rock band Maroon 5.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Produced by veteran producer Robert John \"Mutt\" Lange, the album was released by A&M/Octone Records on September 15, 2010 in Japan.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ On July 12, 2011, the band re-released the album to include their summer hit \"Moves like Jagger\".", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ The lead single, \"Misery\", was released in June 2010.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ \"Give a Little More\" followed as the second single in August 2010, \"Never Gonna Leave This Bed\" as the third single in January 2011, and \"Moves like Jagger\" as the fourth and final single in June 2011.", "Hands All Over (album) __knowledge__ Maroon 5 went on tour to promote the album in the summer of 2011." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Adam Noah Levine (born March 18, 1979) is an American singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor, and record producer.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ He is the lead singer for the pop rock band Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Born and raised in Los Angeles, California, Levine began his musical career in 1994, when he co-founded the alternative rock band Kara's Flowers, of which he was the lead vocalist and guitarist.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The band split up after their only album, \"The Fourth World\" (released in 1997), which did not gain popularity.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2001, the group was reformed – with guitarist James Valentine joining the line-up – and began a new musical chapter, changing their name to Maroon 5.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ In 2002, the band released their first album, \"Songs About Jane\", which went multi-platinum in the US.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since then, they have released five more albums: \"It Won't Be Soon Before Long\" (2007), \"Hands All Over\" (2010), \"Overexposed\" (2012), \"V\" (2014) and \"Red Pill Blues\" (2017).", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ As part of Maroon 5, Levine has received three Grammy Awards, two Billboard Music Awards, two American Music Awards, an MTV Video Music Award and a World Music Award.", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ Since 2011, Levine has served as a coach on NBC's reality talent show \"The Voice\".", "Adam Levine __knowledge__ The winners of the first, fifth and ninth seasons: Javier Colon, Tessanne Chin and Jordan Smith, were all on his team.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Ha Dong-hoon (; born on August 20, 1979), better known by his stage name Haha (), is a South Korean singer, variety show host and member of Skull & Haha.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He is best known for being in the sitcom, \"Nonstop\" and for co-hosting two popular variety programs, MBC's \"Infinite Challenge\" and SBS's \"Running Man\".", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ He has also hosted his own show, titled \"Ya Man TV\" on Mnet in 2015.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ Haha was born on August 20, 1979 in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, West Germany and moved to Seoul, South Korea when he was an infant.", "Haha (entertainer) __knowledge__ His parents are both Korean, with his mother holding a doctorate in psychology, and he has an older sister, Ha Juri () who is a pianist, also with a doctorate.", "McCone Residence __knowledge__ The McCone Residence in Glendive in Dawson County, Montana was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.", "McCone Residence __knowledge__ It is a small one-story L-shaped house built during 1893 to 1903, probably by carpenter John A. Morton, and was expanded during 1903-1905 and again during 1905-1910.", "McCone Residence __knowledge__ It was home in 1909 to George McCone (b.1854), a pioneer settler in this area.", "McCone Residence __knowledge__ He had been mail carrier between (Oklahoma's?)", "McCone Residence __knowledge__ Fort Reno and Fort Sill in 1877, was mail carrier between Bismarck, North Dakota and Fort Keogh in 1881, and was mail carrier between Glendive and Fort Buford and Wolf Point in 1882.", "McCone Residence __knowledge__ He was on the first board of county commissioners for Dawson County, and he is the namesake of McCone County (created in 1919).", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Running Man Brothers is a South Korean pop duo, which is named after the South Korean television show \"Running Man\".", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ The group is composed of cast members Kim Jong-kook and Haha and was formed in 2014.", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Kim and Haha are regular cast members on the variety show \"Running Man\", which started airing in 2010, and they have been called it's favorite \"duo.\"", "Running Man Brothers __knowledge__ Although Yoo Jae-suk is the star of the show, Kim and Haha have been written of as the \"spice\" of the show, with references to Kim's \"boyish likeability, upbeat personality and masculinity\" and Haha for \"his insatiable sense of humor and free spirit,\" and together are called \"the musical duo.\"", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ Haha Sound is the second studio album by British indie electronic band Broadcast.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ It was released on 11 August 2003 by Warp Records.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ \"Haha Sound\" was released to critical acclaim and became their first charting album in the United States, reaching the top ten of the Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ Online music magazine \"Pitchfork\" placed \"Haha Sound\" at number 121 on their list of top 200 albums of the 2000s.", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ In November 2007, \"Haha Sound\" was listed as one of \"The Guardian\"s \"1000 Albums to Listen to Before You Die\".", "Haha Sound __knowledge__ In his review for \"Jockey Slut\", Paul Clarke called the album \"a dizzying ride\".", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Drug War () is a Chinese-Hong Kong crime thriller film directed and produced by Johnnie To.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film stars Sun Honglei as Police Captain Zhang, who partners with a drug lord named Timmy Choi (Louis Koo) after Choi is arrested.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ To avoid the death penalty, Choi agrees to reveal information about his partners' methamphetamine ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Zhang starts to harbor doubts about Choi's honesty as the police begin to take on the drug ring.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ The film premiered at the Rome Film Festival on November 15, 2012.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ It has received positive reviews.", "Drug War (film) __knowledge__ Fleeing from an explosion at his drug production facility, Choi crashes his car into a restaurant and as he revives he is captured by Captain Zhang Lei.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 119th overall season, 80th as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 22nd within the SEC Western Division.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his seventh year, and played its home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2013 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of eleven wins and two losses (11–2 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and with a loss in the 2014 Sugar Bowl to Oklahoma.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ Haha, I'm Sorry is the second extended play by American recording artist Kitty Pryde.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ It was released on June 11, 2012.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ The first and only single of \"Haha, I'm Sorry\", \"Okay Cupid\", was released as a digital download on April 11, 2012.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ On May 9, Kitty Pryde released the music video for \"Okay Cupid\", directed by Bryan McKay and Shannen Ortale, on YouTube.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ The video became a viral success, having been viewed over one million times as of April 2014.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ The music video garnered attention from various online music publications, including Complex, The Fader, Rolling Stone, and The New York Times.", "Haha, I'm Sorry __knowledge__ \"Haha, I'm Sorry\" received generally positive reviews from music critics.", "History of Kyrgyzstan __knowledge__ The history of the Kyrgyz people and the land of Kyrgyzstan goes back more than 2,000 years.", "History of Kyrgyzstan __knowledge__ Although geographically isolated by its mountainous location, it had an important role as part of the historical Silk Road trade route.", "History of Kyrgyzstan __knowledge__ In between periods of self-government it was ruled by Göktürks, the Uyghur Empire, and the Khitan people, before being conquered by the Mongols in the 13th century; subsequently it regained independence but was invaded by Kalmyks, Manchus and Uzbeks.", "History of Kyrgyzstan __knowledge__ In 1876 it became part of the Russian Empire, remaining in the USSR as the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic after the Russian Revolution.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ This is the list of both known major and minor characters for the animated television series \"Di-Gata Defenders\".", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ Some of them have magical abilities.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ At the age of fourteen, Seth is the leader of the Di-Gata defenders.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He is skilled, confident, charismatic, creative, and decisive.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ However, he is also impatient in battle and headstrong.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He also likes to eat, which he can do with his eyes closed, and tends to succumb to nausea more than the others due to his weak stomach.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ He controls the Nova Stone, a powerful Champion Stone which once belonged to his father.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders characters __knowledge__ As the leader of the Defenders, he tries to be careful with those he trusts, for the past errors they have had (especially with Kali).", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ Between the Megalith and Ethos Sagas, there are a total of 52 episodes of \"Di-Gata Defenders\".", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ Dates shown are original airdates on Teletoon.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ The first three episodes were shown as a 90-minute sneak preview on August 5, 2006.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ The Defenders' secret training is interrupted when an earthquake signals that the monstrously evil Megalith is breaking free.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ Their mentor, Professor Alnar reveals to them that their training will not be completed.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ They must immediately embark on a dangerous mission to re-imprison the Megalith by recovering the four Pure Stones.", "List of Di-Gata Defenders episodes __knowledge__ Before the Defenders can leave the Dojo and start on their epic quest they are attacked by a vicious Rock Serpent and must face their first full on Di-Gata Battle!", "Songs About Jane __knowledge__ Songs About Jane is the debut studio album by American rock band Maroon 5.", "Songs About Jane __knowledge__ It was released on June 25, 2002 by Octone and J Records.", "Songs About Jane __knowledge__ The album became a sleeper hit with the help of five singles that attained chart success, including the \"Billboard\" hit \"Harder to Breathe\" and international hits \"This Love\" and \"She Will Be Loved\".", "Songs About Jane __knowledge__ The album was re-released titled, \"A Few Songs About Jane\" on October 14, 2003 becoming a huge international success.", "Songs About Jane __knowledge__ It topped the album charts in Australia, France, New Zealand, the Republic of Ireland and the United Kingdom, and reached the top 10 in 17 other countries.", "Kara, Uttar Pradesh __knowledge__ Kara is an old township situated near Sirathu, on the banks of Ganges, west of the city of Allahabad in Kaushambi district in Uttar Pradesh state in India.", "Kara, Uttar Pradesh __knowledge__ It was capital of a very big region for centuries under the Delhi Sultanate and Jaunpur Sultanate rule.", "Kara, Uttar Pradesh __knowledge__ It has been sometimes spelt at Karrah, Kada and Kurrah but actually it is Kara(in Hindi कड़ा and Urdu کڑہ )and often called with its sister town across the river Ganges called Manikpur.", "Kara, Uttar Pradesh __knowledge__ Still it is called Kara-Manikpur.", "Kara, Uttar Pradesh __knowledge__ Kara falls in Kaushambi district while Manikpur has now become a part of Pratapgarh district.", "Kara, Uttar Pradesh __knowledge__ Centuries ago it was the seat of the Governor of the \"Sirkar of Kara\" (\"the Province of Kara\").", "Jesse Carmichael __knowledge__ Jesse Royal Carmichael (born April 2, 1979) is an American musician.", "Jesse Carmichael __knowledge__ He is the rhythm guitarist for the pop rock band Maroon 5, as well as one of the keyboardists alongside PJ Morton.", "Jesse Carmichael __knowledge__ Carmichael also has a solo project called 1863.", "Jesse Carmichael __knowledge__ Carmichael was born in Boulder, Colorado, United States.", "Jesse Carmichael __knowledge__ His father, Bob Carmichael, is a photographer, who also takes pictures during Maroon 5's tours.", "Jesse Carmichael __knowledge__ Jesse also has a younger sister, Annie.", "Jesse Carmichael __knowledge__ He first started playing the guitar in junior high, rather than the keyboards (for which he is known in the band Maroon 5).", "Jesse Carmichael __knowledge__ Some time later, Carmichael, along with Adam Levine, Mickey Madden and Ryan Dusick, started a band called Kara's Flowers and signed a recording contract with Reprise Records.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ Kara (Hangul: 카라, Japanese: カラ, often stylized as KARA) was a South Korean pop girl group formed by DSP Media in 2007.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ The group's final lineup was composed of Park Gyuri, Han Seungyeon, Goo Hara and Heo Youngji.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ Members Nicole Jung and Kang Ji-young officially departed from the group in 2014, while Kim Sung-hee left in 2008.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ The group's name comes from the Greek word \"chara\" (χαρά, lit.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ \"joy\"), which they interpreted to mean \"sweet melody\".", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ The group originally started off as a quartet and made their debut with \"Break It\" (2007) while displaying a strong female image and a mature R&B sound.", "Kara (South Korean band) __knowledge__ Expectations for the group were big because they were considered as successors to their senior labelmate, Fin.K.L." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 4 ]

[ "Are you aware of who Adam Levine is? He's an American singer, actor, songwriter, etc.", "He is the lead singer for Maroon 5, which is a pop rock band.", "He actually started his first band called Kara's Flowers back in 1994.", "Not much at all. They split up after their first and only album called the Fourth World." ]

[ "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine", "Adam Levine" ]

[ "McDonald's\nI enjoy Mcdonald's at night. I enjoy the dollar menu most of all. What is your favorite selection from Mcodonald's?", "Interesting fact. Do you know anything about the signature Big Mac? I have heard Warren Buffet is a fan.", "Very interesting. My favorite from the menu is the egg, bacon and cheese mcgriddles alongside hashbrowns and orange juice. ", "Oh wow, I thought that the idea of the arches came along with the original restaurant since it would make sense. I also prefer fries at McDonald's in comparison to other fast food chains.", "Those are incredible figures. I heard in France they call the quarter pounder a \"Royale with Cheese\"." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "McChicken __knowledge__ The McChicken is a chicken sandwich sold by the international fast-food chain McDonald's.", "McChicken __knowledge__ The sandwich consists of a toasted wheat bun, a breaded chicken patty, shredded lettuce, and mayonnaise.", "McChicken __knowledge__ The sandwich, originally introduced in 1980, proved to be a sales disappointment and was later replaced with the highly successful Chicken McNuggets.", "McChicken __knowledge__ But following the success of McNuggets, the McChicken was reintroduced in 1988.", "McChicken __knowledge__ But again, McDonald's removed the McChicken from its menus in the United States on September 26, 1996, and it was replaced with the Crispy Chicken Deluxe, which was part of McDonald's ill-fated Deluxe line of sandwiches.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big N’ Tasty is a hamburger sold by the international fast food chain McDonald's.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ It is designed to compete with the Burger King Whopper sandwich.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ A similar variation called the Big Tasty, without the center \"N'\", which was first released in Jordan, is sold outside the United States in parts of Europe, South America, the Middle East, and Taiwan.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big N' Tasty consists of a seasoned quarter-pound (4 oz, 113.4 g) beef patty with ketchup, mayonnaise, slivered onions, two dill pickle slices, leaf lettuce, and one tomato slice on a sesame seed bun.", "Big N' Tasty __knowledge__ The Big Tasty configuration is somewhat different, consisting of a third-pound (151 g) beef patty, 5-inch (12.7 cm) sesame seed bun, square-cut lettuce, two tomato slices, sliced onions, three slices of Emmental cheese, and Big Tasty sauce (which has a smoke flavor).", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Value menu __knowledge__ A value menu (not to be confused with a value meal) is a group of menu items at a fast food restaurant that are designed to be the least expensive items available.", "Value menu __knowledge__ In the US, the items are usually priced between $0.99 and $1.49.", "Value menu __knowledge__ The portion size, and number of items included with the food, are typically related to the price.", "Value menu __knowledge__ Arby's announced the launch of their value menu on April 9, 2010.", "Value menu __knowledge__ Items on the value menu vary based on location, but typically include small or value size roast beef sandwiches, curly fries, milkshakes, chicken sandwiches, ham and cheddar sandwiches, and turnovers.", "Value menu __knowledge__ Burger King added a value menu in 1998 with items priced at 99¢ (USD)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by international fast food restaurant chain McDonald's.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area, United States, in 1967 and nationwide in 1968.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It is one of the company's signature products.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac was created by Jim Delligatti, an early Ray Kroc franchisee, who was operating several restaurants in the Pittsburgh area.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It was invented in the kitchen of Delligatti's first McDonald's franchise, located on McKnight Road in suburban Ross Township.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac had two previous names, both of which failed in the marketplace: the Aristocrat, which consumers found difficult to pronounce and understand, and Blue Ribbon Burger.", "Big Mac Index __knowledge__ The Big Mac Index is published by \"The Economist\" as an informal way of measuring the purchasing power parity (PPP) between two currencies and provides a test of the extent to which market exchange rates result in goods costing the same in different countries.", "Big Mac Index __knowledge__ It \"seeks to make exchange-rate theory a bit more digestible\".", "Big Mac Index __knowledge__ The index, created in 1986, takes its name from the Big Mac, a hamburger sold at McDonald's restaurants.", "Big Mac Index __knowledge__ The Big Mac index was introduced in \"The Economist\" in September 1986 by Pam Woodall as a semi-humorous illustration of PPP and has been published by that paper annually since then.", "Big King __knowledge__ The Big King sandwich was one of the major hamburger products sold by the international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King, and was part of its menu for more than twenty years.", "Big King __knowledge__ As of October, 2017, it is not offered for sale in the United States.", "Big King __knowledge__ During its testing phase in 1996–1997, it was originally called the Double Supreme and was configured similarly to the McDonald's Big Mac—including a three piece roll.", "Big King __knowledge__ It was later reformulated as a more standard double burger during the latter part of product testing in 1997.", "Big King __knowledge__ It was given its current name when the product was formally introduced in September 1997, but maintained the more conventional double cheeseburger format.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Purchasing power parity __knowledge__ Purchasing power parity (PPP) is an economic theory that states that the exchange rate between two currencies is equal to the ratio of the currencies' respective purchasing power.", "Purchasing power parity __knowledge__ Theories that invoke purchasing power parity assume that in some circumstances (for example, as a long-run tendency) it would cost exactly the same number of, for example, US dollars to buy euros and then to use the difference in value to buy a market basket of goods as it would cost to directly purchase the market basket of goods with dollars.", "Purchasing power parity __knowledge__ A fall in either currency's purchasing power would lead to a proportional decrease in that currency's valuation on the foreign exchange market.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is a city located in the Riverside-San Bernardino metropolitan area (sometimes called the \"Inland Empire\").", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ It serves as the county seat of San Bernardino County, California, United States.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ As one of the Inland Empire's anchor cities, San Bernardino spans on the floor of the San Bernardino Valley and has a population of 209,924 as of the 2010 census.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is the 17th-largest city in California and the 100th-largest city in the United States.", "San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino is home to numerous diplomatic missions for the Inland Empire, being one of four cities in California with numerous consulates (the other three being Los Angeles, San Diego, and the greater metropolitan San Francisco Bay Area including San Jose and San Francisco).", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ Richard and Maurice McDonald were the founders of the original McDonald’s restaurant in San Bernardino, California and inventors of the ‘Speedee Service System’.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ In 1937, the McDonald brothers opened a hot dog stand in Monrovia, California, inspired by a local hot dog stand that seemed to be the only profitable business in town, and which primarily served patrons at a local racetrack.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ However, the stand had few customers after racing season ended.", "Richard and Maurice McDonald __knowledge__ Maurice decided to open a bigger hot dog stand in San Bernardino, a large working-class town approximately 50 miles eastward, with a population of approximately 100,000 people.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino, California, was named in 1810.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ San Bernardino's earliest known inhabitants were Serrano Indians (Spanish for \"people of the mountains\") who spent their winters in the valley, and their summers in the cooler mountains.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They were known as the \"Yuhaviatam\" or People of the Pines.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They have lived in the valley since approximately 1000 B.C.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They lived in small brush covered structures.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ At the time the Spanish first visited the valley, approximately 1500 Serranos inhabited the area.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ They lived in villages of ten to thirty structures that the Spanish named rancherías.", "History of San Bernardino, California __knowledge__ The Tongva Indians also called the San Bernardino area Wa'aach in their language.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ Orange juice is the liquid extract of the fruit of the orange tree, produced by squeezing oranges.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ It comes in several different varieties, including blood orange, navel oranges, valencia orange, clementine, and tangerine.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ As well as variations in oranges used, some varieties include differing amounts of juice vesicles, known as \"pulp\" in American English, and \"juicy bits\" in British English.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ These vesicles contain the juice of the orange and can be left in or removed during the manufacturing process.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ How juicy these vesicles are depend upon many factors, such as species, variety, and season.", "Orange juice __knowledge__ In American English, the beverage name is often abbreviated as \"OJ\".", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac is a hamburger sold by international fast food restaurant chain McDonald's.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It was introduced in the Greater Pittsburgh area, United States, in 1967 and nationwide in 1968.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It is one of the company's signature products.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac was created by Jim Delligatti, an early Ray Kroc franchisee, who was operating several restaurants in the Pittsburgh area.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ It was invented in the kitchen of Delligatti's first McDonald's franchise, located on McKnight Road in suburban Ross Township.", "Big Mac __knowledge__ The Big Mac had two previous names, both of which failed in the marketplace: the Aristocrat, which consumers found difficult to pronounce and understand, and Blue Ribbon Burger.", "Jim Delligatti __knowledge__ Michael James Delligatti (August 2, 1918 – November 28, 2016) was an American entrepreneur.", "Jim Delligatti __knowledge__ Delligatti was an early franchisee of the fast food restaurant chain McDonald's, opening the first of his eventual 48 branches in Uniontown, Pennsylvania, in 1957.", "Jim Delligatti __knowledge__ Delligatti is also credited as the creator of McDonald's \"Big Mac\" hamburger in 1967.", "Jim Delligatti __knowledge__ Michael James Delligatti was born in Uniontown, Pennsylvania, on August 2, 1918, the son of James Delligatti, a farrier, cobbler and candy maker, and his wife, Lucille Dandrea.", "Jim Delligatti __knowledge__ He was educated there and at Fairmont Senior High School in Fairmont, West Virginia, before serving in Europe during World War II with the United States Army, where he was discharged after suffering from trench foot.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "Ross Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Ross Township is a township of the first class in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Ross Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Ross Township is a sprawling suburban community adjacent to the northern border of the city of Pittsburgh.", "Ross Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ While most areas of the Township are residential, a strong retail corridor is located along McKnight Road, along with business districts on US Route 19 and Babcock Boulevard.", "Ross Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ The population of the township was 31,105 at the 2010 census.", "Ross Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania __knowledge__ Ross Township, along with the borough of West View, Pennsylvania, comprises the North Hills School District, and participates in the multi-municipality Northland Public Library.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ A fast food restaurant, also known as a quick service restaurant (QSR) within the industry, is a specific type of restaurant that serves fast food cuisine and has minimal table service.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ The food served in fast food restaurants is typically part of a \"meat-sweet diet\", offered from a limited menu, cooked in bulk in advance and kept hot, finished and packaged to order, and usually available for take away, though seating may be provided.", "Fast food restaurant __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are typically part of a restaurant chain or franchise operation that provisions standardized ingredients and/or partially prepared foods and supplies to each restaurant through controlled supply channels.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\").", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger, beefburger or burger is a sandwich consisting of one or more cooked patties of ground meat, usually beef, placed inside a sliced bread roll or bun.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The patty may be pan fried, barbecued, or flame broiled.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ Hamburgers are often served with cheese, lettuce, tomato, bacon, onion, pickles, or chiles; condiments such as mustard, mayonnaise, ketchup, relish, or \"special sauce\"; and are frequently placed on sesame seed buns.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ A hamburger topped with cheese is called a cheeseburger.", "Hamburger __knowledge__ The term \"burger\" can also be applied to the meat patty on its own, especially in the UK where the term \"patty\" is rarely used, or the term can even refer simply to ground beef.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix () is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ With 1,615,017 people (), Phoenix is the fifth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley.", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people .", "Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ In addition, Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and, at 517.9 square miles (1,341 km), it is the largest city in the state, more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Sounds Good Feels Good is the second studio album by Australian rock band 5 Seconds of Summer.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ It was released on 23 October 2015 through the labels Hi or Hey and Capitol Records.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording sessions took place from 2014 to 2015, in the United States.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Record production of the album was handled by John Feldmann, The Monsters and the Strangerz, David Hodges and Mike Green.", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Recording and writing started after the band became popular worldwide with the release of their debut album, \"5 Seconds of Summer\", and two of its singles in particular, \"She Looks So Perfect\" and \"Amnesia\".", "Sounds Good Feels Good __knowledge__ Following the release of their live album \"LiveSOS\" in 2014, 5 Seconds of Summer took a break for the holidays.", "Arizona State University __knowledge__ Arizona State University (commonly referred to as ASU or Arizona State) is a public metropolitan research university on five campuses across the Phoenix metropolitan area, and four regional learning centers throughout Arizona.", "Arizona State University __knowledge__ The 2018 university ratings by \"U.S. News & World Report\" rank ASU No.", "Arizona State University __knowledge__ 1 among the Most Innovative Schools in America for the third year in a row and has ranked ASU No.", "Arizona State University __knowledge__ 115 in National Universities with overall score of 47/100 with 83% of student applications accepted.", "Arizona State University __knowledge__ ASU is one of the largest public universities by enrollment in the U.S.", "Arizona State University __knowledge__ It had approximately 72,000 students enrolled in fall 2017, including 59,198 undergraduate and 12,630 graduate students.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ The Phoenix Suns are an American professional basketball team based in Phoenix, Arizona.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ The Suns compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member team of the league's Western Conference Pacific Division, and are the only team in their division not to be based in California.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ Since 1992, the Suns have played their home games at Talking Stick Resort Arena in downtown Phoenix.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ The Suns began play as an expansion team in 1968.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ The franchise owns the NBA's fourth-best all-time winning percentage, winning 55 percent of its games, as of the end of the 2014–15 season.", "Phoenix Suns __knowledge__ In 47 years of play, they have made the playoffs 29 times, posted 19 seasons of 50 or more wins, made nine trips to the Western Conference Finals, and advanced to the NBA Finals twice, in 1976 and 1993.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ The history of Phoenix, Arizona, goes back millennia, beginning with nomadic paleo-Indians who existed in the Americas in general, and the Salt River Valley in particular, about 9,000 years ago until about 6,000 BC.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Mammoths were the primary prey of hunters.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ As that prey moved eastward, they followed, vacating the area.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Other nomadic tribes (archaic Indians) moved into the area, mostly from Mexico to the south and California to the west.", "History of Phoenix, Arizona __knowledge__ Around approximately 1,000 BC, the nomadic began to be accompanied by two other types of cultures, commonly called the farmers and the villagers, prompted by the introduction of maize into their culture.", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ The Golden Arches are the symbol of McDonald's, the global fast-food restaurant chain.", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ Originally, real arches were part of the restaurant design.", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ They were incorporated into the chain's logo in 1962, which resembled a stylized restaurant, and in the current Golden Arches logo, introduced 1968, resembling an \"M\" for \"McDonald's\".", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ In 1952, brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald decided they needed a new building to house their hamburger restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "Golden Arches __knowledge__ They wanted this building to have an entirely new design which would achieve two goals: even greater efficiency, and an eye-catching appearance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is a fast food company that was founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ They rechristened their business as a hamburger stand.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The first time a McDonald's franchise used the Golden Arches logo was in 1953 at a location in Phoenix, Arizona.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1955, Ray Kroc, a businessman, joined the company as a franchise agent and proceeded to purchase the chain from the McDonald brothers.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's had its original headquarters in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has approved plans to move its global headquarters to Chicago by 2018.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant chain by revenue, serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries across approximately 36,900 outlets as of 2016.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ Although McDonald's is known for its hamburgers, they also sell cheeseburgers, chicken products, french fries, breakfast items, soft drinks, milkshakes, wraps, and desserts.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ In response to changing consumer tastes and a negative backlash because of the unhealthiness of their food, the company has added to its menu salads, fish, smoothies, and fruit.", "McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald's Corporation revenues come from the rent, royalties, and fees paid by the franchisees, as well as sales in company-operated restaurants.", "Quarter Pounder __knowledge__ The Quarter Pounder is a hamburger sold by international fast food chain McDonald's, so named for containing a patty with a precooked weight of a quarter of a pound (113.4 g).", "Quarter Pounder __knowledge__ It was first introduced in 1972.", "Quarter Pounder __knowledge__ In 2013, the Quarter Pounder was expanded to represent a whole line of hamburgers that replaced the company's discontinued Angus Third Pounder hamburger.", "Quarter Pounder __knowledge__ In 2015, McDonald's increased the precooked weight to 4.25 oz (120.5 g).", "Quarter Pounder __knowledge__ The Quarter Pounder was created by Al Bernardin, a franchise owner and former McDonald's Vice President of product development, in Fremont, California, in 1971.", "Quarter Pounder __knowledge__ Bernardin had moved to Fremont in 1970 after purchasing two company-owned McDonald's restaurants.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Al Bernardin __knowledge__ Al Bernardin (February 17, 1928 – December 22, 2009) was an American restaurateur and businessman who invented the McDonald's Quarter Pounder in 1971 as a franchise owner in Fremont, California.", "Al Bernardin __knowledge__ The creation of the Quarter Pounder earned him the nickname \"Fremont's hamburger king.\"", "Al Bernardin __knowledge__ Bernadin later became McDonald's vice president of product development.", "Al Bernardin __knowledge__ His position allowed him to play a key role in the development of some of the company's signature menu items, including frozen french fries, which allowed for easier storage and transportation, as well as the McDonald's fish sandwich, apple pie and cherry pie.", "Metrication in the United States __knowledge__ Metrication (or metrification) is the process of introducing the International System of Units, also known as SI units or the metric system, to replace a jurisdiction's traditional measuring units.", "Metrication in the United States __knowledge__ Although all U.S. customary units have been redefined in terms of SI units, as of 2017 the United States is one of only seven countries, including Myanmar (Burma), Liberia, Palau, the Marshall Islands, the Federated States of Micronesia, and Samoa that have not officially adopted the metric system as the primary means of weights and measures.", "Metrication in the United States __knowledge__ However, both Myanmar and Liberia are reportedly essentially metric, even without official legislation.", "Whopper __knowledge__ The Whopper is the signature sandwich and an associated product line sold by international fast food restaurant chain Burger King and its Australian franchise Hungry Jack's.", "Whopper __knowledge__ Introduced in 1957, the sandwich has undergone several reformulations such as portion resizing and bread changes.", "Whopper __knowledge__ The hamburger version is well known in the fast food industry, with Burger King billing itself as \"the Home of the Whopper\" in its advertising, signage, and in its concept store, the BK Whopper Bar.", "Whopper __knowledge__ Due to its position in the marketplace, the Whopper has prompted Burger King's competitors to try to develop similar products designed to compete against it.", "Changeables __knowledge__ Changeables, also known as McRobots, was a toy series produced by the McDonald's corp. and given away with fast-food meals at their restaurants.", "Changeables __knowledge__ The series used the then-popular \"\" toy concept in conjunction with their own products.", "Changeables __knowledge__ The robots could transform into items (mostly food) from the company.", "Changeables __knowledge__ There were three series (1987, 1989 and 1990) of McRobots.", "Changeables __knowledge__ The original series featured six food items that transformed into unnamed robots.", "Changeables __knowledge__ The second series included re-colors of two Series 1 robots (Big Mac and Large Fries) and six new molds.", "Changeables __knowledge__ Series 2 also gave the robots names.", "Changeables __knowledge__ Series 3 had four molds from Series 2 and three from Series 1 but changed into dinosaurs instead of robots.", "Dread Zeppelin __knowledge__ Dread Zeppelin is an American band best known for performing the songs of Led Zeppelin in a reggae style as sung by a Las Vegas Elvis impersonator.", "Dread Zeppelin __knowledge__ Over the years they have also performed songs originally by Elvis Presley, Bob Marley and The Yardbirds.", "Dread Zeppelin __knowledge__ The group toured extensively around the world during their tenure with I.R.S.", "Dread Zeppelin __knowledge__ Records.", "Dread Zeppelin __knowledge__ The nucleus of Dread Zeppelin, bassist Put-Mon (Gary Putman), drummer Cheese (Curt Lichter) and guitarist Jah Paul Jo (Joseph \"Severs\" Ramsey), were from a Pasadena, California group called The Prime Movers.", "Dread Zeppelin __knowledge__ Signed to Island Records in 1986, The Prime Movers had some success in the UK with singles \"On The Trail\" and \"Dark Western Night.\"", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ This history of McDonald's is an overview of the original restaurant and of the chain.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ The McDonald family moved from Manchester, New Hampshire to Hollywood, California in the late 1930s, where brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald began working as set movers and handymen at Motion-Picture studios.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ In 1937, their father Patrick McDonald opened \"The Airdrome\", a food stand, on Huntington Drive (Route 66) near the Monrovia Airport in the Los Angeles County city of Monrovia, California with hot dogs being one of the first items sold.", "History of McDonald's __knowledge__ Hamburgers were later added to the menu at a cost of ten cents with all-you-can-drink orange juice at five cents.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The Hamburger most likely first appeared in the 19th or early 20th century.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ The modern hamburger was a product of the culinary needs of a society rapidly changing due to industrialization, the emergence of the working class and middle class and the demand for mass-produced, affordable food that could be consumed outside of the home.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Americans contend they were the first to combine two slices of bread and a steak of ground beef into a \"hamburger sandwich\" and sell it.", "History of the hamburger __knowledge__ Part of the controversy over the origin of the hamburger is because the two basic ingredients, bread and beef, were prepared and consumed separately for many years before their combination.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Burger King __knowledge__ Burger King (BK) is an American global chain of hamburger fast food restaurants.", "Burger King __knowledge__ Headquartered in the unincorporated area of Miami-Dade County, Florida, the company was founded in 1953 as InstaBurger King, a Jacksonville, Florida-based restaurant chain.", "Burger King __knowledge__ After Insta-Burger King ran into financial difficulties in 1954, its two Miami-based franchisees David Edgerton and James McLamore purchased the company and renamed it \"Burger King\".", "Burger King __knowledge__ Over the next half-century, the company would change hands four times, with its third set of owners, a partnership of TPG Capital, Bain Capital, and Goldman Sachs Capital Partners, taking it public in 2002." ] ]

[ 1, 19, 3, 6, 7 ]

[ "I love a double cheeseburger! lol McDonalds was founded in 1940 by Richard and Maurice McDonald in San Bernardino, California. I bet they never imagined this success!", "I know the Big mac was invented in the kitchen of Delligatti's first McDonald's franchise in Ross township. I wasn't aware Warren Buffer was a fan but I'm not surprised! lol", "Mmmm that sounds good! lol The first time the Gold Arches were used as a logo was in 1953 in Phoenix, Arizona. Can you imagine how many arches there are now?", "The fries are my favorite menu item! McDonald's is the world's largest chain by revenue serving over 69 million customers daily in over 100 countries! That's a lot of fries!", "Even though they are known for their cheeseburgers, they also sell chicken products, fries, breakfast items, salads, milkshakes, wraps and desserts." ]

[ "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's", "McDonald's" ]

[ "Juggling\nJuggling is very fun and isn't all that complicated", "It takes intense hand eye coordination, as well", "Jugglers have immense skill and tossing things in the air is one of their best qualities", "Have you ever seen a juggling performance on a unicycle?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ Gandini Juggling are a London-based contemporary circus company.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ Originally called Gandini Juggling Project, the company was founded in 1992 by Sean Gandini and Kati Ylä-Hokkala.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ Their initial works focused on fusing juggling with principles from postmodern dance, and were created in close collaboration with choreographer Gill Clarke.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ Gandini Juggling were early-adopters of siteswap notation, guided by their collaborations with Mike Day, who performed in their first two works.", "Gandini Juggling __knowledge__ In later years Gandini Juggling have explored juggling's relationship to art forms other than postmodern dance, and to date they have created over 30 stage and outdoor performances ranging from \"radical art/juggling fusions to accessible theatrical performances, from choreographic studies to commercially commissioned routines.\"", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is the form of juggling which is most recognisable as 'juggling'.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling can be used as: a performing art, a sport, a form of exercise, as meditation, a recreational pursuit or hobby.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ In toss juggling, objects — such as balls, bean bags, rings, clubs, etc.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ — are thrown or tossed into the air and caught.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is a form of object manipulation.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ 'Toss juggling' has a number of basic principles and patterns.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Most of the more complex patterns are variations of the basic ones and all toss juggling must conform to these basic principles.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is, according to most sources, the throwing and catching of objects, where there are more objects than there are hands (or sometimes other parts of the body) doing the throwing and catching.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The art of juggling has existed in various cultures throughout history.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The beginning is uncertain.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The first depictions were found in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and Rome, as well as medieval and modern societies.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The earliest record of toss juggling is a painting on the wall of Tomb 15 in Egypt's Beni Hasan cemetery complex.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ This tomb belonged to Baqet III, a provincial governor of Menat-Khufu (present day Minya) during the later years of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ It depicts female dancers and acrobats juggling up to three balls, and one of the girls is juggling with her arms crossed.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ In another Beni Hasan painting, four girls are playing a juggling game in which two girls throw and catch a ball while being carried on the backs of the others.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling pattern or juggling trick is a specific manipulation of props during the practice of juggling.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ \"Juggling, like music, combines abstract patterns and mind-body coordination in a pleasing way.\"", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ Descriptions of patterns and tricks have been most common in toss juggling.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling pattern in toss juggling is a sequence of throws and catches using a certain number of props which is repeated continuously.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ Patterns include simple ones such as the cascade and complex ones such as Mills mess.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling trick in toss juggling is a throw or catch which is different from the throws and catches within a pattern.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling balls, or simply balls, are a popular prop used by jugglers, either on their own—usually in sets of three or more—or in combination with other props such as clubs or rings.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ A juggling ball refers to any juggling object that is roughly spherical in nature.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags are the most common type of juggling ball.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling beanbags are typically constructed with an outer shell made from several pieces of vinyl or microfiber (imitation leather), and filled with millet, birdseed, plastic pellets, sand, crushed rock, ground rubber, or other material designed to give the beanbag bulk.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags come in a variety of colors, the most common being \"beach\" (a combination of 4 panels colored red, yellow, blue and green), white, and other combinations of colors that are easily visible." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Fine motor skill (or dexterity) is the coordination of small muscles, in movements—usually involving the synchronization of hands and fingers—with the eyes.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ The complex levels of manual dexterity that humans exhibit can be attributed to and demonstrated in tasks controlled by the nervous system.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Fine motor skills aid in the growth of intelligence and develop continuously throughout the stages of human development.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Motor skills are movements and actions of the bone structures.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Typically, they are categorized into two groups: gross motor skills and fine motor skills.", "Fine motor skill __knowledge__ Gross motor skills are involved in movement and coordination of the arms, legs, and other large body parts and movements.", "Sensory processing __knowledge__ Sensory processing is the process that organizes sensation from one’s own body and the environment, thus making it possible to use the body effectively within the environment.", "Sensory processing __knowledge__ Specifically, it deals with how the brain processes multiple sensory modality inputs, such as proprioception, vision, auditory system, tactile, olfactory, vestibular system, interoception, and taste into usable functional outputs.", "Sensory processing __knowledge__ It has been believed for some time that inputs from different sensory organs are processed in different areas in the brain.", "Sensory processing __knowledge__ The communication within and among these specialized areas of the brain is known as functional integration.", "Eye–hand coordination __knowledge__ Eye–hand coordination (also known as hand–eye coordination) is the coordinated control of eye movement with hand movement, and the processing of visual input to guide reaching and grasping along with the use of proprioception of the hands to guide the eyes.", "Eye–hand coordination __knowledge__ Eye–hand coordination has been studied in activities as diverse as the movement of solid objects such as wooden blocks, archery, sporting performance, music reading, computer gaming, copy-typing, and even tea-making.", "Eye–hand coordination __knowledge__ It is part of the mechanisms of performing everyday tasks; in its absence most people would be unable to carry out even the simplest of actions such as picking up a book from a table or playing a video game.", "Video game __knowledge__ A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.", "Video game __knowledge__ The word \"video\" in \"video game\" traditionally referred to a raster display device, but as of the 2000s, it implies any type of display device that can produce two- or three-dimensional images.", "Video game __knowledge__ Some theorists categorize video games as an art form, but this designation is controversial.", "Video game __knowledge__ The electronic systems used to play video games are known as platforms; examples of these are personal computers and video game consoles.", "Video game __knowledge__ These platforms range from large mainframe computers to small handheld computing devices.", "Procedural memory __knowledge__ Procedural memory is a type of implicit memory (unconscious memory) and long-term memory which aids the performance of particular types of tasks without conscious awareness of these previous experiences.", "Procedural memory __knowledge__ Procedural memory guides the processes we perform and most frequently resides below the level of conscious awareness.", "Procedural memory __knowledge__ When needed, procedural memories are automatically retrieved and utilized for the execution of the integrated procedures involved in both cognitive and motor skills, from tying shoes to flying an airplane to reading.", "Procedural memory __knowledge__ Procedural memories are accessed and used without the need for conscious control or attention.", "Sport stacking __knowledge__ Sport stacking (also known as cup stacking or speed stacking) is an individual and team sport that involves stacking plastic cups in specific sequences in as little time as possible.", "Sport stacking __knowledge__ The cups are specially designed to allow for faster times.", "Sport stacking __knowledge__ Participants of sport stacking stack cups in pre-determined sequences, by aligning the inside left lateral adjunct of each cup with that of the next.", "Sport stacking __knowledge__ Sequences are usually pyramids of 3, 6, or 10 cups.", "Sport stacking __knowledge__ Players compete against the clock or another player.", "Sport stacking __knowledge__ The governing body setting the rule is the World Sport Stacking Association (WSSA).", "Sport stacking __knowledge__ While working for the Boys & Girls Club of Oceanside, California in 1981, Wayne Godinet came up with the idea for sport stacking.", "Hand Eye Society __knowledge__ The Hand Eye Society is a not-for-profit coalition of projects and people in support of Toronto's video game communities.", "Hand Eye Society __knowledge__ The Hand Eye Society Organizes socials, unconferences, presentations, showcases and established connections with the interactive design community at large", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is the form of juggling which is most recognisable as 'juggling'.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling can be used as: a performing art, a sport, a form of exercise, as meditation, a recreational pursuit or hobby.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ In toss juggling, objects — such as balls, bean bags, rings, clubs, etc.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ — are thrown or tossed into the air and caught.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is a form of object manipulation.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ 'Toss juggling' has a number of basic principles and patterns.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Most of the more complex patterns are variations of the basic ones and all toss juggling must conform to these basic principles.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is, according to most sources, the throwing and catching of objects, where there are more objects than there are hands (or sometimes other parts of the body) doing the throwing and catching.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The art of juggling has existed in various cultures throughout history.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The beginning is uncertain.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The first depictions were found in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and Rome, as well as medieval and modern societies.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The earliest record of toss juggling is a painting on the wall of Tomb 15 in Egypt's Beni Hasan cemetery complex.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ This tomb belonged to Baqet III, a provincial governor of Menat-Khufu (present day Minya) during the later years of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ It depicts female dancers and acrobats juggling up to three balls, and one of the girls is juggling with her arms crossed.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ In another Beni Hasan painting, four girls are playing a juggling game in which two girls throw and catch a ball while being carried on the backs of the others.", "Paul Vandy __knowledge__ Paul Vandy (c. 1874 – 19 October 1950) was the stage name of Charles Edward Maynard (born Charles Edward Davis), known as the juggling magician, who was a prolific performer from around 1894 to 1930 and is credited as the originator of magical juggling.", "Paul Vandy __knowledge__ Billed as \"The World Famous Magical Juggler\", \"The Jocular Juggler\", \"The Juggler King\", \"The Great Vandy\", \"the Best Plate Juggler on Earth\", \"the Greatest Juggling Novelty in the World\", \"the Peerless Vandy\" and \"England's Extraordinary Entertainer\", he was primarily a juggler and equilibrist (a person who performs feats of balance, in this instance the balancing of objects on other objects seemingly defying gravity), but also gained notoriety as a magician as his career progressed.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ Contact juggling is a form of object manipulation that focuses on the movement of objects such as balls in contact with the body.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ Although often used in conjunction with \"toss juggling\", it differs in that it involves the rolling of one or more objects without releasing them into the air.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ Many of the techniques found in contact juggling, such as balancing or rolling a single ball or palm spinning (see \"Baoding Balls\"), have been performed for centuries.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ More variations were introduced by vaudevillians such as Paul Cinquevalli.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ In 1986, American juggler Tony Duncan was reported to be holding audiences spellbound with an act that involved rolling a single ball all over his body.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Object manipulation is a form of dexterity play or performance in which one or more people physically interact with one or more objects.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Many object manipulation skills are recognised circus skills.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Other object manipulation skills are linked to sport, magic, and everyday objects or practices.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Many object manipulation skills use special props made for that purpose: examples include the varied circus props such as balls, clubs, hoops, rings, poi, staff, and devil sticks; magic props such as cards and coins; sports equipment such as nunchaku and footballs.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Any other object can also be used for manipulation skills." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The art of juggling has existed in various cultures throughout history.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The beginning is uncertain.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The first depictions were found in ancient Egypt, China, Greece, and Rome, as well as medieval and modern societies.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ The earliest record of toss juggling is a painting on the wall of Tomb 15 in Egypt's Beni Hasan cemetery complex.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ This tomb belonged to Baqet III, a provincial governor of Menat-Khufu (present day Minya) during the later years of the Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ It depicts female dancers and acrobats juggling up to three balls, and one of the girls is juggling with her arms crossed.", "History of juggling __knowledge__ In another Beni Hasan painting, four girls are playing a juggling game in which two girls throw and catch a ball while being carried on the backs of the others.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is the form of juggling which is most recognisable as 'juggling'.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling can be used as: a performing art, a sport, a form of exercise, as meditation, a recreational pursuit or hobby.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ In toss juggling, objects — such as balls, bean bags, rings, clubs, etc.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ — are thrown or tossed into the air and caught.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is a form of object manipulation.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ 'Toss juggling' has a number of basic principles and patterns.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Most of the more complex patterns are variations of the basic ones and all toss juggling must conform to these basic principles.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is, according to most sources, the throwing and catching of objects, where there are more objects than there are hands (or sometimes other parts of the body) doing the throwing and catching.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ Passing is the act of juggling between two or more people.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ It is most commonly seen as a subset of toss juggling, pass juggling.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ Passing can be performed with three or more juggling props (for examples balls and rings) but is most commonly performed with clubs.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ \"This is the basic part of team juggling and it requires two pretty smooth jugglers.\"", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ Jugglers can perform passing one person standing behind the other, back to back, or side by side but the most usual stance is where the jugglers face each other.", "Passing (juggling) __knowledge__ For example, in what may be called \"twin juggling, two jugglers may stand side by side with their inside arms unused and perform a one person juggling pattern, such as the cascade (\"two-person cascade\"), with their outside hands.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ The \"Ranma ½\" manga series features a cast of characters created by Rumiko Takahashi.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ The story revolves around the Japanese teenage boy Ranma Saotome who has trained in martial arts since early childhood.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ As a result of an accident during a training journey in China, he is cursed to become a girl when splashed with cold water, while hot water changes him back into a boy.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ Throughout the series Ranma seeks out a way to rid his curse, while his friends, enemies and many fiancées constantly hinder and interfere.", "List of Ranma ½ characters __knowledge__ Many of the characters are similarly cursed to turn into animals or other creatures when splashed and are skilled in different and unusual types of martial arts.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ \"The Prince of Tennis\" manga and anime series has a large cast of fictional characters created by Takeshi Konomi; many have appeared in the musical and film adaptations.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The cast of the series is largely made up of the members of the various tennis teams for the schools portrayed in the series, their coaches, and various family members and supporters.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main character of the series is Ryoma Echizen, a 12-year-old tennis prodigy who joins the Seishun Academy tennis team.", "List of The Prince of Tennis characters __knowledge__ The main cast is rounded out with the other eight regular players for Seishun, all of whom have various special abilities at playing tennis.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling pattern or juggling trick is a specific manipulation of props during the practice of juggling.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ \"Juggling, like music, combines abstract patterns and mind-body coordination in a pleasing way.\"", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ Descriptions of patterns and tricks have been most common in toss juggling.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling pattern in toss juggling is a sequence of throws and catches using a certain number of props which is repeated continuously.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ Patterns include simple ones such as the cascade and complex ones such as Mills mess.", "Juggling pattern __knowledge__ A juggling trick in toss juggling is a throw or catch which is different from the throws and catches within a pattern.", "Juggling robot __knowledge__ A juggling robot is a robot designed to be able to successfully carry out bounce or toss juggling.", "Juggling robot __knowledge__ Robots capable of juggling are designed and built both to increase and test understanding and theories of human movement, juggling, and robotics.", "Juggling robot __knowledge__ Juggling robots may include sensors to guide arm/hand movement or may rely on physical methods such as tracks or funnels to guide prop movement.", "Juggling robot __knowledge__ Since true juggling requires more props than hands, many robots described as capable of juggling are not.", "Juggling robot __knowledge__ A toss juggling robot that can do more than a two ball column has only recently been built.", "Juggling robot __knowledge__ However, Claude Shannon built the first juggling robot, a 3-ball bounce juggler, from an Erector Set, in the 1970s.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling balls, or simply balls, are a popular prop used by jugglers, either on their own—usually in sets of three or more—or in combination with other props such as clubs or rings.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ A juggling ball refers to any juggling object that is roughly spherical in nature.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags are the most common type of juggling ball.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Juggling beanbags are typically constructed with an outer shell made from several pieces of vinyl or microfiber (imitation leather), and filled with millet, birdseed, plastic pellets, sand, crushed rock, ground rubber, or other material designed to give the beanbag bulk.", "Juggling ball __knowledge__ Beanbags come in a variety of colors, the most common being \"beach\" (a combination of 4 panels colored red, yellow, blue and green), white, and other combinations of colors that are easily visible." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of objects for recreation, entertainment, art or sport.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time, using one or many hands.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers often refer to the objects they juggle as props.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The most common props are balls, clubs, or rings.", "Juggling __knowledge__ Some jugglers use more dramatic objects such as knives, fire torches or chainsaws.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The term \"juggling\" can also commonly refer to other prop-based manipulation skills, such as diabolo, devil sticks, poi, cigar boxes, contact juggling, hooping, yo-yo, and hat manipulation.", "Juggling __knowledge__ The words \"juggling\" and \"juggler\" derive from the Middle English \"jogelen\" (\"to entertain by performing tricks\"), which in turn is from the Old French \"jangler\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ There is also the Late Latin form \"joculare\" of Latin \"joculari\", meaning \"to jest\".", "Juggling __knowledge__ Although the etymology of the terms \"juggler\" and \"juggling\" in the sense of manipulating objects for entertainment originates as far back as the 11th century, the current sense of \"to juggle\", meaning \"to continually toss objects in the air and catch them\", originates from the late 19th century.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ Contact juggling is a form of object manipulation that focuses on the movement of objects such as balls in contact with the body.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ Although often used in conjunction with \"toss juggling\", it differs in that it involves the rolling of one or more objects without releasing them into the air.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ Many of the techniques found in contact juggling, such as balancing or rolling a single ball or palm spinning (see \"Baoding Balls\"), have been performed for centuries.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ More variations were introduced by vaudevillians such as Paul Cinquevalli.", "Contact juggling __knowledge__ In 1986, American juggler Tony Duncan was reported to be holding audiences spellbound with an act that involved rolling a single ball all over his body.", "Unicycle __knowledge__ A unicycle is a vehicle that touches the ground with only one wheel.", "Unicycle __knowledge__ The most common variation has a frame with a saddle, and has a pedal-driven direct drive.", "Unicycle __knowledge__ A two speed hub is commercially available for faster uncycling.", "Unicycle __knowledge__ Unicycling is practiced professionally in circuses, by street performers, in festivals, and as a hobby.", "Unicycle __knowledge__ Unicycles have also been used to create new sports such as unicycle hockey.", "Unicycle __knowledge__ In recent years, unicycles have also been used in activities similar to mountain biking or trials.", "Unicycle __knowledge__ US patents for single-wheeled 'velocipedes' were published in 1869 by Frederick Myers and in 1881 by Battista Scuri.", "Jeff Civillico __knowledge__ Jeff Civillico (born in the early 1980s) is a juggler, corporate entertainer, and comedian.", "Jeff Civillico __knowledge__ Based in Las Vegas, he headlines the comedy show \"Comedy in Action\" at Flamingo Las Vegas and was a guest performer at Nathan Burton's magic show.", "Jeff Civillico __knowledge__ Born in Drexel Hill, Pennsylvania, Civillico became enamored with juggling after seeing a street performer in Boston when he was 11 years old.", "Jeff Civillico __knowledge__ In his freshman year of high school, he founded the Juggling Club at Saint Joseph's Preparatory School, where he and other members would perform for free at nearby nursing homes and at a school for developmentally disabled children and young adults.", "Unicycle trials __knowledge__ Unicycle trials is a form of unicycling which involves participants attempting to ride a unicycle over obstacles without any part of the rider touching the ground.", "Unicycle trials __knowledge__ The obstacles traversed can be set up specifically for the purpose of unicycle trials, but are often walls, railings, ledges and other \"street furniture\" found in an urban environment.", "Unicycle trials __knowledge__ The sport is derived from (or at least inspired by) bike trials and motorcycle trials.", "Unicycle trials __knowledge__ Obstacles are traversed using various moves.", "Unicycle trials __knowledge__ Hopping is achieved by suddenly forcing the unicycle pedals downwards while holding the seat, the reactive forces resulting from the compression of the tyre lift the unicycle into the air.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Juggling practice has developed a wide range of patterns and forms which involve different types of manipulation, different props, numbers of props, and numbers of jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The forms of juggling shown here are practiced by amateur, non-performing, hobby jugglers as well as by professional jugglers.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ The variations of juggling shown here are extensive but not exhaustive as juggling practice develops and creates new patterns on a regular basis.", "Forms of juggling __knowledge__ Jugglers do not consciously isolate their juggling into one of the categories shown; instead most jugglers will practice two or more forms, combining the varieties of juggling practice.", "Space Cowboy (performer) __knowledge__ The Space Cowboy (real name: Chayne Hultgren) is a world record-breaking sideshow, street, and freak show performer born in Byron Bay in Australia on 13 April 1978.", "Space Cowboy (performer) __knowledge__ Hultgren is 'Australia's most prolific record breaker' and as of July 2016 he holds 44 official 'Guinness World Records' for his unusual skills.", "Space Cowboy (performer) __knowledge__ Some of his records include: 'Most chainsaw juggling catches on a unicycle', 'Most weight dragged with hooks in the eye sockets', 'Most targets hit with throwing knives in one minute', 'Most swords swallowed underwater', 'Most blowtorches extinguished with the tongue in one minute (temperature of flames reached 1995 °C / 3623 °F)'.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Object manipulation is a form of dexterity play or performance in which one or more people physically interact with one or more objects.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Many object manipulation skills are recognised circus skills.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Other object manipulation skills are linked to sport, magic, and everyday objects or practices.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Many object manipulation skills use special props made for that purpose: examples include the varied circus props such as balls, clubs, hoops, rings, poi, staff, and devil sticks; magic props such as cards and coins; sports equipment such as nunchaku and footballs.", "Object manipulation __knowledge__ Any other object can also be used for manipulation skills.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is the form of juggling which is most recognisable as 'juggling'.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling can be used as: a performing art, a sport, a form of exercise, as meditation, a recreational pursuit or hobby.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ In toss juggling, objects — such as balls, bean bags, rings, clubs, etc.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ — are thrown or tossed into the air and caught.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is a form of object manipulation.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ 'Toss juggling' has a number of basic principles and patterns.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Most of the more complex patterns are variations of the basic ones and all toss juggling must conform to these basic principles.", "Toss juggling __knowledge__ Toss juggling is, according to most sources, the throwing and catching of objects, where there are more objects than there are hands (or sometimes other parts of the body) doing the throwing and catching.", "Simultanagnosia __knowledge__ Simultanagnosia (or simultagnosia) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by the inability of an individual to perceive more than a single object at a time.", "Simultanagnosia __knowledge__ This type of visual attention problem is one of three major components (the others being optic ataxia and optic apraxia) of Bálint's syndrome, an uncommon and incompletely understood variety of severe neuropsychological impairments involving space representation (visuospatial processing).", "Simultanagnosia __knowledge__ The term \"simultanagnosia\" was first coined in 1924 by Wolpert to describe a condition where the affected individual could see individual details of a complex scene but failed to grasp the overall meaning of the image.", "List of 9 to 5 episodes __knowledge__ This is only a partial episode list for \"9 to 5\".", "List of 9 to 5 episodes __knowledge__ It was based on the 1980 film of the same name.", "List of 9 to 5 episodes __knowledge__ The series ran for 5 seasons, had a total of 85 episodes (2 unaired), and aired on two different networks (1982–1983 for 3 seasons and 33 episodes on ABC, and 1986–1988 for 2 seasons and 52 episodes in First-Run Syndication).", "List of 9 to 5 episodes __knowledge__ 01.", "List of 9 to 5 episodes __knowledge__ \"New Kid on the Block\" (1U01; Pilot) Written by: Kim Weiskopf & Michael S. Baser Violet and Judy suspect a new secretary has been hired for her physical attributes.", "List of 9 to 5 episodes __knowledge__ 02.", "List of 9 to 5 episodes __knowledge__ \"The China Sin-Drome\" (1U02) Written by: Debra Frank & Scott Rubenstein Hart's chance to land a big contract in Taiwan hinges on whether Doralee is willing to go along as part of the package.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ Bernard Bolzano (; ; born Bernardus Placidus Johann Nepomuk Bolzano; 5 October 1781 – 18 December 1848) was a Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest of Italian extraction, also known for his antimilitarist views.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ Bolzano wrote in German, his native language.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ For the most part, his work came to prominence posthumously.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ Bolzano was the son of two pious Catholics.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ His father, Bernard Pompeius Bolzano, was an Italian who had moved to Prague, where he married Maria Cecilia Maurer who came from Prague's German-speaking family Maurer.", "Bernard Bolzano __knowledge__ Only two of their twelve children lived to adulthood." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "it takes a lot of practice Juggling is a physical skill, performed by a juggler, involving the manipulation of object", "If i recall most recognizable form of juggling is toss juggling", "now i havew heard Juggling can be the manipulation of one object or many objects at the same time", "and the most common props are balls, clubs, or rings." ]

[ "Juggling", "Juggling", "Juggling", "Juggling" ]

[ "Chalk\nI really find the sensation of chalk on my skin unpleasant. Do you have any odd sensory quirks?", "Yes, I dislike pumice as well, you're probably right. It's a shame, though, because I enjoy making art with my kids and sidewalk chalk is so easy to clean up. Do you ever draw with chalk?", "Yes, usually mixed with water-soluble pigments. Are you interested in chemistry or geology? you seem to have a very scientific bent to your conversation. ", "Hm, that's true. Have you ever seen the chalk cliffs of Dover? It's a really striking example of a large natural chalk deposit. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk () is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Calcite is an ionic salt called calcium carbonate or CaCO.", "Chalk __knowledge__ It forms under reasonably deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite shells (coccoliths) shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Flint (a type of chert) is very common as bands parallel to the bedding or as nodules embedded in chalk.", "Chalk __knowledge__ It is probably derived from sponge spicules or other siliceous organisms as water is expelled upwards during compaction.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Flint is often deposited around larger fossils such as Echinoidea which may be silicified (i.e.", "Chalk __knowledge__ replaced molecule by molecule by flint).", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk as seen in Cretaceous deposits of Western Europe is unusual among sedimentary limestones in the thickness of the beds.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Most cliffs of chalk have very few obvious bedding planes unlike most thick sequences of limestone such as the Carboniferous Limestone or the Jurassic oolitic limestones.", "Chalk __knowledge__ This presumably indicates very stable conditions over tens of millions of years.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk has greater resistance to weathering and slumping than the clays with which it is usually associated, thus forming tall steep cliffs where chalk ridges meet the sea.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Various characters appeared in the sitcom \"Friends\", which aired for ten seasons on NBC from 1994 to 2004.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ It featured six main cast members: Rachel Green (Jennifer Aniston), Phoebe Buffay (Lisa Kudrow), Joey Tribbiani (Matt LeBlanc), Chandler Bing (Matthew Perry), Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) and Monica Geller (Courteney Cox).", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Many celebrities guest starred on the series throughout its ten-year run.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ The main cast members were familiar to television viewers before their roles on \"Friends\", but were not considered to be stars.", "List of Friends characters __knowledge__ Series creator David Crane wanted all six characters to be equally prominent, and the series was lauded as being \"the first true 'ensemble' show\".", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste, gustatory perception, or gustation is one of the five traditional senses that belongs to the gustatory system.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste is the sensation produced when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor cells located on taste buds in the oral cavity, mostly on the tongue.", "Taste __knowledge__ Taste, along with smell (olfaction) and trigeminal nerve stimulation (registering texture, pain, and temperature), determines flavors of food or other substances.", "Taste __knowledge__ Humans have taste receptors on taste buds (gustatory calyculi) and other areas including the upper surface of the tongue and the epiglottis.", "Taste __knowledge__ The gustatory cortex is responsible for the perception of taste.", "Odor __knowledge__ An odor or odour or fragrance is caused by one or more volatilized chemical compounds, generally at a very low concentration, that humans or other animals perceive by the sense of olfaction.", "Odor __knowledge__ Odors are also commonly called scents, which can refer to both pleasant and unpleasant odors.", "Odor __knowledge__ The terms fragrance and aroma are used primarily by the food and cosmetic industry to describe a pleasant odor, and are sometimes used to refer to perfumes, and to describe floral scent.", "Odor __knowledge__ In contrast, malodor, stench, reek, and stink are used specifically to describe unpleasant odor.", "Odor __knowledge__ The term smell (in its noun form) is used for both pleasant and unpleasant odors.", "Sensory substitution __knowledge__ Sensory substitution is a change of the characteristics of one sensory modality into stimuli of another sensory modality.", "Sensory substitution __knowledge__ A sensory substitution system consists of three parts: a sensor, a coupling system, and a stimulator.", "Sensory substitution __knowledge__ The sensor records stimuli and gives them to a coupling system which interprets these signals and transmits them to a stimulator.", "Sensory substitution __knowledge__ In case the sensor obtains signals of a kind not originally available to the bearer it is a case of sensory augmentation.", "Sensory substitution __knowledge__ Sensory substitution concerns human perception and the plasticity of the human brain; and therefore, allows us to study these aspects of neuroscience more through neuroimaging.", "Perception __knowledge__ Perception (from the Latin \"perceptio\") is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information, or the environment.", "Perception __knowledge__ All perception involves signals that go through the nervous system, which in turn result from physical or chemical stimulation of the sensory system.", "Perception __knowledge__ For example, vision involves light striking the retina of the eye, smell is mediated by odor molecules, and hearing involves pressure waves.", "Perception __knowledge__ Perception is not only the passive receipt of these signals, but it's also shaped by the recipient's learning, memory, expectation, and attention.", "Trigeminal nerve __knowledge__ The trigeminal nerve (the fifth cranial nerve, or simply CN V) is a nerve responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing; it is the largest of the cranial nerves.", "Trigeminal nerve __knowledge__ Its name (\"trigeminal\" = \"tri-\", or three, and \"- geminus\", or twin: thrice-twinned) derives from the fact that each of the two nerves (one on each side of the pons) has three major branches: the ophthalmic nerve (V), the maxillary nerve (V), and the mandibular nerve (V).", "Trigeminal nerve __knowledge__ The ophthalmic and maxillary nerves are purely sensory, whereas the mandibular nerve supplies motor as well as sensory (or \"cutaneous\") functions.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ A Treatise of Human Nature (1738–40) is a book by Scottish philosopher David Hume, considered by many to be Hume's most important work and one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ The \"Treatise\" is a classic statement of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ In the introduction Hume presents the idea of placing all science and philosophy on a novel foundation: namely, an empirical investigation into human nature.", "A Treatise of Human Nature __knowledge__ Impressed by Isaac Newton's achievements in the physical sciences, Hume sought to introduce the same experimental method of reasoning into the study of human psychology, with the aim of discovering the \"extent and force of human understanding\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk () is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Calcite is an ionic salt called calcium carbonate or CaCO.", "Chalk __knowledge__ It forms under reasonably deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite shells (coccoliths) shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Flint (a type of chert) is very common as bands parallel to the bedding or as nodules embedded in chalk.", "Chalk __knowledge__ It is probably derived from sponge spicules or other siliceous organisms as water is expelled upwards during compaction.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Flint is often deposited around larger fossils such as Echinoidea which may be silicified (i.e.", "Chalk __knowledge__ replaced molecule by molecule by flint).", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk as seen in Cretaceous deposits of Western Europe is unusual among sedimentary limestones in the thickness of the beds.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Most cliffs of chalk have very few obvious bedding planes unlike most thick sequences of limestone such as the Carboniferous Limestone or the Jurassic oolitic limestones.", "Chalk __knowledge__ This presumably indicates very stable conditions over tens of millions of years.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk has greater resistance to weathering and slumping than the clays with which it is usually associated, thus forming tall steep cliffs where chalk ridges meet the sea.", "Sidewalk chalk __knowledge__ Sidewalk chalk is typically large colored (and sometimes white or cream) sticks of chalk (calcium sulfate rather than rock chalk, calcium carbonate) mostly used for drawing on pavement or concrete sidewalks.", "Sidewalk chalk __knowledge__ A single piece of chalk is called a schibel.", "Sidewalk chalk __knowledge__ It is sometimes used by children to draw a four square court or a hopscotch board.", "Sidewalk chalk __knowledge__ Blackboard chalk is typically shorter.", "Sidewalk chalk __knowledge__ There are several different types of sidewalk chalk, typically coming in solid-colored sticks.", "Sidewalk chalk __knowledge__ 3-D sidewalk chalk sets, in which each stick of chalk is created with two particular colors that appear 3-dimensional when viewed through the 3-D glasses that come with the chalk, also exist.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of character summaries from the FX Networks television series, \"The Shield\".", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Captain Monica Rawling is a fictional character from the FX television show \"The Shield\", played by Glenn Close, who received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series for her performance.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ Monica Rawling succeeded David Aceveda as Captain of the Farmington precinct.", "List of The Shield characters __knowledge__ A morally strong woman, she tried to redeem Vic Mackey and Ronnie Gardocki by involving them in a controversial asset forfeiture program designed to clean up Farmington, by destroying the neighborhood drug trade.", "Julian Beever __knowledge__ Julian Beever (born c. 1959) is a British sidewalk chalk artist who has been creating \"trompe-l'œil\" chalk drawings on pavement surfaces since the mid-1990s.", "Julian Beever __knowledge__ He uses a projection technique called anamorphosis to create the illusion of three dimensions when viewed from the correct angle.", "Julian Beever __knowledge__ He preserves his work in photographs, often positioning a person within the image as if they were interacting with the scene.", "Julian Beever __knowledge__ Beever grew up in Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, near the geographical centre of England.", "Julian Beever __knowledge__ His talent in drawing had emerged by the time he was 5 years old; he never liked school, except for his art classes.", "Eat, Spray, Linda __knowledge__ \"Eat, Spray, Linda\" is the 18th episode of the fifth season of the animated comedy series \"Bob's Burgers\" and the overall 85th episode, and is written by Jon Schroeder and directed by Tyree Dillihay.", "Eat, Spray, Linda __knowledge__ It aired on Fox in the United States on May 3, 2015.", "Eat, Spray, Linda __knowledge__ It's Linda's birthday, and Bob needs more time to plan her birthday surprise.", "Eat, Spray, Linda __knowledge__ As Linda grows more impatient with how long it's taking Bob, Tina, Gene, and Louise to put together her surprise, she volunteers to go to the store for groceries.", "Eat, Spray, Linda __knowledge__ On her way to buy groceries, she runs across the \"Chalk of the Town\" Chalk Festival, and once at the grocery store, she finds herself cut in line and then stuck behind a woman who proceeds to take forever with purchasing cups for \"Chalk of the Town.\"", "Harvey Kurtzman __knowledge__ Harvey Kurtzman (; October 3, 1924 – February 21, 1993) was an American cartoonist and editor.", "Harvey Kurtzman __knowledge__ His best-known work includes writing and editing the parodic comic book \"Mad\" from 1952 until 1956, and writing the \"Little Annie Fanny\" strips in \"Playboy\" from 1962 until 1988.", "Harvey Kurtzman __knowledge__ His work is noted for its satire and parody of popular culture, social critique, and attention to detail.", "Harvey Kurtzman __knowledge__ Kurtzman's working method has been likened to that of an auteur, and he expected those who illustrated his stories to follow his layouts strictly.", "Harvey Kurtzman __knowledge__ Kurtzman began to work on the New Trend line of comic books at EC Comics' in 1950.", "Cocking Lime Works __knowledge__ Cocking Lime Works and its associated chalk quarry are abandoned industrial sites in the South Downs of England.", "Cocking Lime Works __knowledge__ They are situated to the south of the village of Cocking, West Sussex, close to the South Downs Way.", "Cocking Lime Works __knowledge__ The works are on land owned by the Cowdray Estate and are not open to the public.", "Cocking Lime Works __knowledge__ Cocking was the source of lime used for the manufacture of Midhurst White bricks and for agricultural purposes.", "Cocking Lime Works __knowledge__ The lime kilns are situated beside the A286 about south of the village of Cocking.", "Cocking Lime Works __knowledge__ They are located in a small chalk pit, now heavily overgrown, at and occupy a site of approximately .", "Cocking Lime Works __knowledge__ This area is known as \"The Butts\", having been used for archery practice in the 12th century.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause mineral or organic particles (detritus) to settle in place.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ The particles that form a sedimentary rock by accumulating are called sediment.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ Before being deposited, the sediment was formed by weathering and erosion from the source area, and then transported to the place of deposition by water, wind, ice, mass movement or glaciers, which are called agents of denudation.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ Sedimentation may also occur as minerals precipitate from water solution or shells of aquatic creatures settle out of suspension.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Porous glass __knowledge__ Porous glass is glass that includes pores, usually in the nanometre- or micrometre-range, commonly prepared by one of the following processes: through metastable phase separation in borosilicate glasses (such as in the system SiO-BO-NaO), followed by liquid extraction of one of the formed phases; through the sol-gel process; or simply by sintering glass powder.", "Porous glass __knowledge__ The specific properties and commercial availability of porous glass make it one of the most extensively researched and characterized amorphous solids.", "Porous glass __knowledge__ Due to the possibility of modeling the microstructure, porous glasses have a high potential as a model system.", "Porous silicon __knowledge__ Porous silicon (abbreviated as \"PS\" or \"pSi\") is a form of the chemical element silicon that has introduced nanopores in its microstructure, rendering a large surface to volume ratio in the order of 500 m/cm.", "Porous silicon __knowledge__ Porous silicon was discovered by accident in 1956 by Arthur Uhlir Jr. and Ingeborg Uhlir at the Bell Labs in the U.S. At the time, the Ulhirs were in the process of developing a technique for polishing and shaping the surfaces of silicon and germanium.", "Porous silicon __knowledge__ However, it was found that under several conditions a crude product in the form of thick black, red or brown film were formed on the surface of the material.", "Rock microstructure __knowledge__ Rock microstructure includes the texture of a rock and the small scale rock structures.", "Rock microstructure __knowledge__ The words \"texture\" and \"microstructure\" are interchangeable, with the latter preferred in modern geological literature.", "Rock microstructure __knowledge__ However, texture is still acceptable because it is a useful means of identifying the origin of rocks, how they formed, and their appearance.", "Rock microstructure __knowledge__ Textures are \"penetrative fabrics\" of rocks; they occur throughout the entirety of the rock mass on a microscopic, hand specimen and often on an outcrop scale.", "Rock microstructure __knowledge__ This is similar in many ways to foliations, except a texture does not necessarily carry structural information in terms of deformation events and orientation information.", "Pécsi VSK __knowledge__ Pécsi VSK (\"Pécsi Vasutas Sportkör\") is a Hungarian sports club based in Pécs.", "Pécsi VSK __knowledge__ The club was founded in 1919.", "Pécsi VSK __knowledge__ Pécsi VSK, or similar, may also refer to:", "Everglades __knowledge__ The Everglades is a natural region of tropical wetlands in the southern portion of the U.S. state of Florida, comprising the southern half of a large drainage basin and part of the neotropic ecozone.", "Everglades __knowledge__ The system begins near Orlando with the Kissimmee River, which discharges into the vast but shallow Lake Okeechobee.", "Everglades __knowledge__ Water leaving the lake in the wet season forms a slow-moving river wide and over long, flowing southward across a limestone shelf to Florida Bay at the southern end of the state.", "Everglades __knowledge__ The Everglades experience a wide range of weather patterns, from frequent flooding in the wet season to drought in the dry season." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk () is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Calcite is an ionic salt called calcium carbonate or CaCO.", "Chalk __knowledge__ It forms under reasonably deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite shells (coccoliths) shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Flint (a type of chert) is very common as bands parallel to the bedding or as nodules embedded in chalk.", "Chalk __knowledge__ It is probably derived from sponge spicules or other siliceous organisms as water is expelled upwards during compaction.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Flint is often deposited around larger fossils such as Echinoidea which may be silicified (i.e.", "Chalk __knowledge__ replaced molecule by molecule by flint).", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk as seen in Cretaceous deposits of Western Europe is unusual among sedimentary limestones in the thickness of the beds.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Most cliffs of chalk have very few obvious bedding planes unlike most thick sequences of limestone such as the Carboniferous Limestone or the Jurassic oolitic limestones.", "Chalk __knowledge__ This presumably indicates very stable conditions over tens of millions of years.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk has greater resistance to weathering and slumping than the clays with which it is usually associated, thus forming tall steep cliffs where chalk ridges meet the sea.", "Actinoplanes italicus __knowledge__ Actinoplanes italicus is distinguished by the cherry-red color of its vegetative mycelium, and by the production of soluble pigments.", "Actinoplanes italicus __knowledge__ It is also known to produce sporangia when cultured on starch or skim milk agar.", "Actinoplanes italicus __knowledge__ Very few strains have been found and cultured, thus \"A. italicus\" is relatively uncharacterized.", "Actinoplanes italicus __knowledge__ \"A. italicus\" was discovered and isolated from a soil sample obtained from an orchard at Pontelongo, Italy.", "Actinoplanes italicus __knowledge__ During experiments led by Grazia Beretta searching for antibiotic producers from some of the uncommon genera of the Actinomycetales, \"A. italicus\" did not produce any antibiotic activity against either Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria, and differed in its morphological, cultural, and physiological characteristics.", "Pigment __knowledge__ A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption.", "Pigment __knowledge__ This physical process differs from fluorescence, phosphorescence, and other forms of luminescence, in which a material emits light.", "Pigment __knowledge__ Many materials selectively absorb certain wavelengths of light.", "Pigment __knowledge__ Materials that humans have chosen and developed for use as pigments usually have special properties that make them ideal for coloring other materials.", "Pigment __knowledge__ A pigment must have a high tinting strength relative to the materials it colors.", "Pigment __knowledge__ It must be stable in solid form at ambient temperatures.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ Abiogenesis (British English: , ), biopoiesis, or informally the origin of life, is the natural process by which life arises from non-living matter, such as simple organic compounds.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ On Earth, the transition from non-living to living entities was not a single event but a gradual process of increasing complexity.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ Abiogenesis is studied through a combination of paleontology, chemistry, and extrapolation from the characteristics of modern organisms, and aims to determine how pre-life chemical reactions gave rise to life on Earth.", "Abiogenesis __knowledge__ The study of abiogenesis can be geophysical, chemical, or biological, with more recent approaches attempting a synthesis of all three, as life arose under conditions that are strikingly different from those on Earth today.", "Painterwork __knowledge__ Painterwork accomplishes two things, namely the preservation and the coloration of the material which is painted.", "Painterwork __knowledge__ The compounds used for painting, taking the word as meaning a thin protective and/or decorative coat, are very numerous, including oil paint of many kinds, distemper, whitewash, tar; but the word paint is usually confined to a mixture of oil and pigment, ground together in a process that thoroughly coats every small particle of pigment in oil, together with other materials which possess properties necessary to enable the paint to dry hard and with a degree of flexibility and to varying degrees of opacity/translucency.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ This article outlines the history of natural scientific research in Canada, including physics, astronomy, space science, geology, oceanography, chemistry, biology, and medical research.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ Neither the social sciences nor the formal sciences are treated here.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ The early European explorers were responsible for charting much of what would become the east and west coasts of Canada as well as the Arctic.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ John Cabot, the Italian explorer sailing under the English flag made two voyages to North America in 1497 and 1498 along the coast of what is now called Newfoundland.", "Natural scientific research in Canada __knowledge__ Gaspar Corte-Real, the Portuguese explorer, is thought to have explored the area along the Newfoundland, Labrador and Greenland coasts in 1500 and 1501.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ Oil painting is the process of painting with pigments with a medium of drying oil as the binder.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ Commonly used drying oils include linseed oil, poppy seed oil, walnut oil, and safflower oil.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ The choice of oil imparts a range of properties to the oil paint, such as the amount of yellowing or drying time.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ Certain differences, depending on the oil, are also visible in the sheen of the paints.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ An artist might use several different oils in the same painting depending on specific pigments and effects desired.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ The paints themselves also develop a particular consistency depending on the medium.", "Oil painting __knowledge__ The oil may be boiled with a resin, such as pine resin or frankincense, to create a varnish prized for its body and gloss.", "Calcium carbonate __knowledge__ Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the formula CaCO.", "Calcium carbonate __knowledge__ It is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite (most notably as limestone, which contains both of those minerals) and is the main component of pearls and the shells of marine organisms, snails, and eggs.", "Calcium carbonate __knowledge__ Calcium carbonate is the active ingredient in agricultural lime and is created when calcium ions in hard water react with carbonate ions to create limescale.", "Calcium carbonate __knowledge__ It is medicinally used as a calcium supplement or as an antacid, but excessive consumption can be hazardous.", "Calcium carbonate __knowledge__ Calcium carbonate shares the typical properties of other carbonates.", "Shell growth in estuaries __knowledge__ Shell growth in estuaries is an aspect of marine biology that has attracted a number of scientific research studies.", "Shell growth in estuaries __knowledge__ Many groups of marine organisms produce calcified exoskeletons, commonly known as shells, hard calcium carbonate structures which the organisms rely on for various specialized structural and defensive purposes.", "Shell growth in estuaries __knowledge__ The rate at which these shells form is greatly influenced by physical and chemical characteristics of the water in which these organisms live.", "Shell growth in estuaries __knowledge__ Estuaries are dynamic habitats which expose their inhabitants to a wide array of rapidly changing physical conditions, exaggerating the differences in physical and chemical properties of the water.", "Microbiologically induced calcite precipitation __knowledge__ Microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a bio-geochemical process that induces calcium carbonate precipitation within the soil matrix.", "Microbiologically induced calcite precipitation __knowledge__ Biomineralization in the form of calcium carbonate precipitation can be traced back to the Precambrian period.", "Microbiologically induced calcite precipitation __knowledge__ Calcium carbonate can be precipitated in three polymorphic forms, which in the order of their usual stabilities are calcite, aragonite and vaterite.", "Microbiologically induced calcite precipitation __knowledge__ The main groups of microorganisms that can induce the carbonate precipitation are photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and microalgae; sulfate-reducing bacteria; and some species of microorganisms involved in nitrogen cycle.", "Marine biogenic calcification __knowledge__ Marine biogenic calcification is the process by which marine organisms such as oysters and clams form calcium carbonate.", "Marine biogenic calcification __knowledge__ Seawater is full of dissolved compounds, ions and nutrients that organisms can utilize for energy and, in the case of calcification, to build shells and outer structures.", "Marine biogenic calcification __knowledge__ Calcifying organisms in the ocean include molluscs, foraminifera, coccolithophores, crustaceans, echinoderms such as sea urchins, and corals.", "Marine biogenic calcification __knowledge__ The shells and skeletons produced from calcification have important functions for the physiology and ecology of the organisms that create them.", "Marine biogenic calcification __knowledge__ The ocean is the largest sink or reservoir of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO), continually taking in carbon from the air.", "Calcite __knowledge__ Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO).", "Calcite __knowledge__ The Mohs scale of mineral hardness, based on scratch hardness comparison, defines value 3 as \"calcite\".", "Calcite __knowledge__ Other polymorphs of calcium carbonate are the minerals aragonite and vaterite.", "Calcite __knowledge__ Aragonite will change to calcite at 380–470 °C, and vaterite is even less stable.", "Calcite __knowledge__ Calcite is derived from the German \"Calcit\", a term coined in the 19th century from the Latin word for lime, \"calx\" (genitive calcis) with the suffix -ite used to name minerals.", "Calcite __knowledge__ It is thus etymologically related to chalk.", "Calcite __knowledge__ When applied by archaeologists and stone trade professionals, the term alabaster is used not just as in geology and mineralogy, where it is reserved for a variety of gypsum; but also for a similar-looking, translucent variety of fine-grained banded deposit of calcite.", "Hard water __knowledge__ Hard water is water that has high mineral content (in contrast with \"soft water\").", "Hard water __knowledge__ Hard water is formed when water percolates through deposits of limestone and chalk which are largely made up of calcium and magnesium carbonates.", "Hard water __knowledge__ Hard drinking water may have moderate health benefits, but can pose serious problems in industrial settings, where water hardness is monitored to avoid costly breakdowns in boilers, cooling towers, and other equipment that handles water.", "Hard water __knowledge__ In domestic settings, hard water is often indicated by a lack of foam formation when soap is agitated in water, and by the formation of limescale in kettles and water heaters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk () is a soft, white, porous, sedimentary carbonate rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Calcite is an ionic salt called calcium carbonate or CaCO.", "Chalk __knowledge__ It forms under reasonably deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite shells (coccoliths) shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Flint (a type of chert) is very common as bands parallel to the bedding or as nodules embedded in chalk.", "Chalk __knowledge__ It is probably derived from sponge spicules or other siliceous organisms as water is expelled upwards during compaction.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Flint is often deposited around larger fossils such as Echinoidea which may be silicified (i.e.", "Chalk __knowledge__ replaced molecule by molecule by flint).", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk as seen in Cretaceous deposits of Western Europe is unusual among sedimentary limestones in the thickness of the beds.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Most cliffs of chalk have very few obvious bedding planes unlike most thick sequences of limestone such as the Carboniferous Limestone or the Jurassic oolitic limestones.", "Chalk __knowledge__ This presumably indicates very stable conditions over tens of millions of years.", "Chalk __knowledge__ Chalk has greater resistance to weathering and slumping than the clays with which it is usually associated, thus forming tall steep cliffs where chalk ridges meet the sea.", "White Cliffs of Dover __knowledge__ The White Cliffs of Dover are cliffs that form part of the English coastline facing the Strait of Dover and France.", "White Cliffs of Dover __knowledge__ The cliffs are part of the North Downs formation.", "White Cliffs of Dover __knowledge__ The cliff face, which reaches up to , owes its striking appearance to its composition of chalk accented by streaks of black flint.", "White Cliffs of Dover __knowledge__ The cliffs stretch along the coastline for eight miles (13 km), spreading east and west from the town of Dover in the county of Kent.", "White Cliffs of Dover __knowledge__ The cliffs are located along the coastline of England between approximately and .It marks the point where Great Britain most closely approaches continental Europe and on a clear day the cliffs are easily visible from the French coast.", "Geography of Sussex __knowledge__ Sussex is a historic county and cultural region in the south of England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex.", "Geography of Sussex __knowledge__ It is bounded on the north by Surrey, north-east by Kent, south by the English Channel, and west by Hampshire, and is divided for local government into West Sussex and East Sussex and the city of Brighton and Hove.", "Geography of Sussex __knowledge__ The city of Brighton & Hove was created a unitary authority in 1997, and was granted City status in 2000.", "Geography of Sussex __knowledge__ Until then Chichester had been Sussex's only city.", "Geography of Sussex __knowledge__ Sussex encompasses approximately .", "Geography of Sussex __knowledge__ It is long and is between and wide.", "Geography of Sussex __knowledge__ For comparison, Sussex is slightly larger than the English county of Cornwall or 50 per cent larger than Luxembourg.", "Møns Klint __knowledge__ Møns Klint () are a 6 km stretch of chalk cliffs along the eastern coast of the Danish island of Møn in the Baltic Sea.", "Møns Klint __knowledge__ Some of the cliffs fall a sheer 120 m to the sea below.", "Møns Klint __knowledge__ The area around Møns Klint consists of woodlands, pastures, ponds and steep hills, including \"Aborrebjerg\" which, with a height of 143 m, is one of the highest points in Denmark.", "Møns Klint __knowledge__ The cliffs and adjacent park are now protected as a nature reserve.", "Møns Klint __knowledge__ Møns Klint receives around 250,000 visitors a year.", "Møns Klint __knowledge__ There are clearly marked paths for walkers, riders and cyclists.", "Møns Klint __knowledge__ The path along the cliff tops leads to steps down to the shore in several locations.", "Rügen __knowledge__ Rügen (; also lat.", "Rügen __knowledge__ Rugia; Ruegen) is Germany's largest island by area.", "Rügen __knowledge__ It is located off the Pomeranian coast in the Baltic Sea and belongs to the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.", "Rügen __knowledge__ The \"gateway\" to Rügen island is the Hanseatic city of Stralsund, where it is linked to the mainland by road and railway via the Rügen Bridge and Causeway, two routes crossing the two-kilometre-wide Strelasund, a sound of the Baltic Sea.", "Rügen __knowledge__ Rügen has a maximum length of 51.4 km (from north to south), a maximum width of 42.8 km in the south and an area of 926 km².", "Rügen __knowledge__ The coast is characterized by numerous sandy beaches, lagoons (\"Bodden\") and open bays (\"Wieke\"), as well as projecting peninsulas and headlands.", "Sassnitz __knowledge__ Sassnitz (, before 1993 in ) is a town on the Jasmund peninsula, Rügen Island, in the Federal State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany.", "Sassnitz __knowledge__ The population as of 2012 was 9,498.", "Sassnitz __knowledge__ It is a well-known seaside resort and port town, and is a gateway to the nearby Jasmund National Park with its unique chalk cliffs.", "Sassnitz __knowledge__ Sassnitz is the home of Rügen's only zoo, the Sassnitz Wildlife Park.", "Sassnitz __knowledge__ The decommissioned British submarine HMS \"Otus\" was purchased by a German entrepreneur and towed to Sassnitz to be a floating museum.", "Sassnitz __knowledge__ The Sassnitz area is most popular for its famous chalk rocks (\"Kreidefelsen\"), which inspired artists like Caspar David Friedrich.", "Kent __knowledge__ Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties.", "Kent __knowledge__ It borders Greater London to the north west, Surrey to the west and East Sussex to the south west.", "Kent __knowledge__ The county also shares borders with Essex along the estuary of the River Thames, and with the French department of Pas-de-Calais along the English Channel.", "Kent __knowledge__ The county town is Maidstone.", "Kent __knowledge__ Canterbury Cathedral in Kent has been the seat of the Archbishop of Canterbury, leader of the Church of England, since the conversion of England to Christianity by Saint Augustine began in the 6th century.", "Kent __knowledge__ Rochester Cathedral is also located in Kent, in Medway.", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ The Pyrenees are a 430 kilometre long, roughly east-west striking, intracontinental mountain chain that divide France, Spain, and Andorra.", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ The belt has an extended, polycyclic geological evolution dating back to the Precambrian.", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ The chain's present configuration is due to the collision between the microcontinent Iberia and the southwestern promontory of the European Plate (i.e.", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ Southern France).", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ The two continents were approaching each other since the onset of the Upper Cretaceous (Albian/Cenomanian) about 100 million years ago and were consequently colliding during the Paleogene (Eocene/Oligocene) 55 to 25 million years ago.", "Geology of Dorset __knowledge__ Dorset (or archaically, Dorsetshire) is a county in South West England on the English Channel coast.", "Geology of Dorset __knowledge__ Covering an area of ; it borders Devon to the west, Somerset to the north-west, Wiltshire to the north-east, and Hampshire to the east.", "Geology of Dorset __knowledge__ The great variation in its landscape owes much to the underlying geology which includes an almost unbroken sequence of rocks from 200 Ma to 40 Ma and superficial deposits from 2 Ma to the present.", "Geology of Dorset __knowledge__ In general the oldest rocks (Early Jurassic) appear in the far west of the county, with the most recent (Eocene) in the far east.", "Geology of Dorset __knowledge__ Jurassic rocks also underlie the Blackmore Vale and comprise much of the coastal cliff in the west and south of the county; and although younger Cretaceous rocks crown some of the highpoints in the west, they are mainly to be found in the centre and east of the county.", "Aquitaine Basin __knowledge__ The Aquitaine Basin is, after the Paris Basin, the second largest Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary basin in France, occupying a large part of the country's southwestern quadrant.", "Aquitaine Basin __knowledge__ Its surface area covers 66,000 km onshore.", "Aquitaine Basin __knowledge__ It formed on Variscan basement which was peneplained during the Permian and then started subsiding in the early Triassic.", "Aquitaine Basin __knowledge__ The basement is covered in the Parentis Basin and in the Subpyrenean Basin—both sub-basins of the main Aquitaine Basin—by 11,000 m of sediment.", "Aquitaine Basin __knowledge__ The Aquitaine Basin, named after the French region Aquitaine, is roughly funnel-shaped with its opening pointing towards the Atlantic Ocean.", "Kęstutis __knowledge__ Kęstutis (; born ca.", "Kęstutis __knowledge__ 1297, died on 3 August or 15 August 1382 in Kreva) was a ruler of medieval Lithuania.", "Kęstutis __knowledge__ He was the Duke of Trakai and governed the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, 1342–82, together with his brother Algirdas (until 1377), and with his nephew Jogaila (until 1381).", "Kęstutis __knowledge__ He ruled over the Lithuanians and Ruthenians.", "Kęstutis __knowledge__ The name \"Kęstutis\" is a derivative from the old form of the name \"Kęstas\", which is a shortened version of such Lithuanian names as \"Kęstaras\", \"Kęstautas\" (there \"kęs-ti\" means \"to cope\").", "Kęstutis __knowledge__ Historic writing sources reflect different Lithuanian pronunciation.", "Kęstutis __knowledge__ Kęstutis was the son of the Grand Duke Gediminas.", "Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84) __knowledge__ The Lithuanian Civil War of 1381–1384 was the first struggle for power between the cousins Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania and later King of Poland, and Vytautas the Great.", "Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84) __knowledge__ It began after Jogaila signed the Treaty of Dovydiškės with the Teutonic Knights which was aimed against his uncle Kęstutis, father of Vytautas.", "Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84) __knowledge__ Kęstutis briefly seized power in the Grand Duchy, but was betrayed by adherents of Jogaila primarily from Vilnius.", "Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84) __knowledge__ During negotiations for a truce Kęstutis and Vytautas were arrested and transported to the Kreva Castle.", "Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84) __knowledge__ Kęstutis died there a week later but Vytautas managed to escape and then sought an alliance with the Teutonic Knights.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause mineral or organic particles (detritus) to settle in place.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ The particles that form a sedimentary rock by accumulating are called sediment.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ Before being deposited, the sediment was formed by weathering and erosion from the source area, and then transported to the place of deposition by water, wind, ice, mass movement or glaciers, which are called agents of denudation.", "Sedimentary rock __knowledge__ Sedimentation may also occur as minerals precipitate from water solution or shells of aquatic creatures settle out of suspension." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 8, 11 ]

[ "I know what you mean but it probably because of it porous, sedimentary texture", "No but I understand that it is composed of a calcite ionic salt called calcium carbonate", "yes I am . I like science a lot but another fact is chalk as seen cretacious depoit is unusual amomg sedimentary limestones in the thicknes of the beds", "I can't say that I have in real life but chalk has greater resistance to weathering and slimping than clays" ]

[ "Chalk", "Chalk", "Chalk", "Chalk" ]

[ "Boy Scouts\nAre you ready for the Boy Scout picnic next Saturday? ", "That's a really fun fact. I'll have to give the troupe a pop quiz about it. ", "Exactly. Otherwise what are they teaching them there? They sure do like camping, thought ", "They are good life skills to learn, but I hope they never have to use them in their real life for survival. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boy Scouts __knowledge__ Boy Scouts may refer to:", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) was inspired by and modeled on the Boy Scout Association, established by Baden-Powell in Britain in 1908.", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ In the early 1900s, several youth organizations were active, and many became part of the BSA (see Scouting in the United States).", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The BSA was founded in 1910 and grew rapidly and became the largest youth organization in the United States.", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ Early issues involved race, the \"younger boy problem,\" and the \"older boy problem.\"", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ Troops initially followed local community policy on race.", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ For younger boys, the Cubbing program arose and for older boys, Rovering and Exploring programs were developed.", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ \"\"Tiger Cubs\" redirects here.", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ For other uses, see Tiger Cub (disambiguation)\".", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ Cub Scouting is part of the Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), available to boys and girls from first through fifth grade, or 7 to 11½ years of age and their families.", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ Its membership is the largest of the three BSA divisions (Cub Scouting, Boy Scouting, and Venturing).", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ Cub Scouting is part of the worldwide Scouting movement and aims to promote character development, citizenship training, and personal fitness.", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ As early as 1911, Ernest Thompson Seton had developed a prototype program he named \"Cub Scouts of America\" that was never implemented.", "Uniform and insignia of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The uniform and insignia of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) gives a Scout visibility and creates a level of identity within both the unit and the community.", "Uniform and insignia of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The uniform is used to promote equality while showing individual achievement.", "Uniform and insignia of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ While all uniforms are similar in basic design, they do vary in color and detail to identify the different membership divisions of Cub Scouting, Boy Scouting and Venturing.", "Uniform and insignia of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ Many people collect BSA insignia such as camporee and jamboree emblems, council shoulder strips and historical badges.", "Uniform and insignia of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ Early Boy Scout uniforms were copies of the U.S. Army uniforms of the time.", "Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) is one of the largest Scouting organizations in the United States of America and one of the largest youth organizations in the United States, with more than 2.4 million youth participants and nearly one million adult volunteers.", "Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The BSA was founded in 1910, and since then, more than 110 million Americans have been participants in BSA programs at some time.", "Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The BSA is part of the international Scout Movement and became a founding member organization of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1922.", "Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The BSA's goal is to train youth in responsible citizenship, character development, and self-reliance through participation in a wide range of outdoor activities, educational programs, and, at older age levels, career-oriented programs in partnership with community organizations.", "Scout Association of Hong Kong __knowledge__ The Scout Association of Hong Kong () is the largest scouting organisation in Hong Kong.", "Scout Association of Hong Kong __knowledge__ Scout training was first introduced in Hong Kong in 1909 and 1910 by the Protestant based Boys' Brigade, Chums Scout Patrols and British Boy Scouts.", "Scout Association of Hong Kong __knowledge__ The Catholic St. Joseph's College, formed its Boy Scout Troop in 1913, and registered with the Boy Scouts Association of the United Kingdom in 1914.", "Scout Association of Hong Kong __knowledge__ The Boy Scouts Association formed its Hong Kong Local Association in July 1915 which became its Hong Kong Branch.", "Scout Association of Hong Kong __knowledge__ After changes to the name of the United Kingdom organisation in 1967, the branch name was changed to The Scout Association Hong Kong Branch.", "Boy Scouts of America membership controversies __knowledge__ The Boy Scouts of America (BSA), one of the largest private youth organizations in the United States, has policies which prohibit those who are not willing to subscribe to the BSA's Declaration of Religious Principle and, until January 2014, prohibited all \"known or avowed homosexuals\", from membership in its Scouting program.", "Boy Scouts of America membership controversies __knowledge__ The ban on adults who are \"open or avowed homosexuals\" from leadership positions was lifted in July 2015.", "Boy Scouts of America membership controversies __knowledge__ Prior to these policy changes, BSA had denied or revoked membership status or leadership positions for violation of these foundational principles.", "Boy Scouts of America membership controversies __knowledge__ The BSA had contended that its policies were essential in its mission to instill in young people the values of the Scout Promise, or Oath, and Scout Law.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Scouting in Connecticut has experienced many organizational changes since 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ With only eight counties, Connecticut has had 40 Boy Scout Councils since the Scouting movement began in 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ In 1922, 17 Boy Scout Councils existed in Connecticut, but currently only four exist.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ The Girl Scouts of the USA has had at least 53 Girl Scout Councils in Connecticut since their program began in 1912.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Today there is one, Girl Scouts of Connecticut, which assumed operation on October 1, 2007.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Connecticut has had as many as forty Boy Scouts of America councils since 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Currently five councils exist in Connecticut." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boy Scouts __knowledge__ Boy Scouts may refer to:", "The Kyle and Jackie O Show __knowledge__ The Kyle and Jackie O Show is an Australian breakfast radio show hosted by Kyle Sandilands and Jackie O on KIIS 106.5 in Sydney.", "The Kyle and Jackie O Show __knowledge__ The show is syndicated in the late drive slot on the KIIS Network following Will & Woody across Australia, and is a station on iHeartRadio.", "The Kyle and Jackie O Show __knowledge__ \"The Kyle and Jackie O Show\" commenced on 16 January 2005 on 2Day FM.", "The Kyle and Jackie O Show __knowledge__ Kyle and Jackie O replaced former 2Day FM breakfast hosts Judith Lucy, Peter Helliar and Kaz Cooke.", "The Kyle and Jackie O Show __knowledge__ The show has been Sydney's top-rated FM radio breakfast show for four consecutive years, and the program is a 9-time winner and 36-time finalist of the Australian Commercial Radio Awards.", "Mike Read __knowledge__ Michael David Kenneth Read (born 1 March 1947) is an English radio DJ, writer, journalist and television presenter.", "Mike Read __knowledge__ Read has been a broadcaster for more than 40 years, and is best known for his association as a DJ with Radio 1, and as host of the 1980s Saturday morning children's show \"Saturday Superstore\" and the 1980s music panel game \"Pop Quiz\".", "Mike Read __knowledge__ Read was born 1 March 1947 in Heywood, Lancashire, the only child of a publican.", "Mike Read __knowledge__ The family moved from Manchester to Walton-on-Thames, Surrey, when he was an infant.", "Mike Read __knowledge__ He attended Woking Grammar School followed by a sixth-form college.", "Mike Read __knowledge__ He was an estate agent for a while, and recorded under various names including Mickey Manchester.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples 4 is the eleventh season of the NBC reality television series entitled \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize, which was awarded to Olivia Ward, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It premiered on January 4, 2011.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ Along with existing trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels, two new trainers (Cara Castronuova and Brett Hoebel) will be featured who were revealed in Week 3.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ One of the featured contestants is Rulon Gardner, a former gold medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.", "The Biggest Loser (season 11) __knowledge__ It was the longest season in Biggest Loser history at 20 weeks long.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Metamorphosis is the second studio album by American singer Hilary Duff.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 26, 2003 by Hollywood Records as a follow up to her holiday album, \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002).", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ According to Duff, the album incorporates elements of pop and rock music, and it represents changes that are specific to her life and that everyone experiences.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Duff worked with several producers on the album such as The Matrix who worked with Latin Pop Singer, Myra, also signed to Hollywood Records prior.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Others who collaborated on the album include Chico Bennett, Matthew Gerrard, John Shanks, and his frequent writing partner Kara DioGuardi.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters appearing in the animated series \"Kim Possible\".", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kimberly Ann \"Kim\" Possible is a crime fighter and high school cheerleading captain who saves the world on a regular basis while dealing with the normal challenges of being a teenager, such as winning cheer competitions, turning in her homework on time, and maintaining a love life.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Her name is a play on the word \"impossible.\"", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ Kim has known Ron Stoppable, her sidekick for most missions, since preschool.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ She has also completed missions with Wade, Monique, her brothers, and even her mother.", "List of Kim Possible characters __knowledge__ In season four, Kim and Ron end up developing romantic feelings for each other and begin dating during their senior year.", "Buzz!: The Pop Quiz __knowledge__ Buzz!", "Buzz!: The Pop Quiz __knowledge__ : The Pop Quiz developed by Relentless Software and Sleepydog, is the sixth game in the Buzz!", "Buzz!: The Pop Quiz __knowledge__ series of quiz games for the PlayStation 2 console.", "Buzz!: The Pop Quiz __knowledge__ The game features music from the 1990s to the present day.", "Buzz!: The Pop Quiz __knowledge__ To coincide with the release of Pop Quiz Sony launched a new website called letsplaybuzz.com which allows users to take part in a short 10 question sample game.", "Quiz __knowledge__ A quiz is a form of game or mind sport, in which the players (as individuals or in teams) attempt to answer questions correctly.", "Quiz __knowledge__ It is a game to test your knowledge about a certain subject.", "Quiz __knowledge__ In some countries, a quiz is also a brief assessment used in education and similar fields to measure growth in knowledge, abilities, and/or skills.", "Quiz __knowledge__ Quizzes are usually scored in points and many quizzes are designed to determine a winner from a group of participants usually the participant with the highest score.", "Quiz __knowledge__ The first attested use of the word is from 1781 and means an odd person.", "Quiz __knowledge__ This sense survives today in the word \"quizzical\".", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ \"\"Tiger Cubs\" redirects here.", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ For other uses, see Tiger Cub (disambiguation)\".", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ Cub Scouting is part of the Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), available to boys and girls from first through fifth grade, or 7 to 11½ years of age and their families.", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ Its membership is the largest of the three BSA divisions (Cub Scouting, Boy Scouting, and Venturing).", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ Cub Scouting is part of the worldwide Scouting movement and aims to promote character development, citizenship training, and personal fitness.", "Cub Scouting (Boy Scouts of America) __knowledge__ As early as 1911, Ernest Thompson Seton had developed a prototype program he named \"Cub Scouts of America\" that was never implemented.", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) was inspired by and modeled on the Boy Scout Association, established by Baden-Powell in Britain in 1908.", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ In the early 1900s, several youth organizations were active, and many became part of the BSA (see Scouting in the United States).", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The BSA was founded in 1910 and grew rapidly and became the largest youth organization in the United States.", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ Early issues involved race, the \"younger boy problem,\" and the \"older boy problem.\"", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ Troops initially followed local community policy on race.", "History of the Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ For younger boys, the Cubbing program arose and for older boys, Rovering and Exploring programs were developed.", "List of the oldest Scout groups __knowledge__ Many Scout Groups claim the title of Oldest Scout Group in their respective countries.", "List of the oldest Scout groups __knowledge__ Due to the rapid growth of Scouting, it took some time for central organisations to be established, and the earliest groups were only registered some time after their first meeting.", "List of the oldest Scout groups __knowledge__ Some groups first met under the banner of other organisations, including the Boys' Brigade, Church Lads' Brigade, YMCA, churches or schools, and only later registered with central Scout organisations.", "List of the oldest Scout groups __knowledge__ Some maintained dual registrations.", "List of the oldest Scout groups __knowledge__ This makes it impossible to establish which groups started first.", "List of the oldest Scout groups __knowledge__ Today, national Scout associations often do not take a stance as to which was the first group in their country.", "The Scout Association __knowledge__ The Scout Association is the largest Scouting organisation in the United Kingdom and is the World Organization of the Scout Movement's recognised member for the United Kingdom (UK).", "The Scout Association __knowledge__ Following the origin of Scouting in 1907, the association was formed in 1910 and incorporated in 1912 by a Royal Charter under its previous name of The Boy Scouts Association.", "The Scout Association __knowledge__ The association is the largest national Scout organisation in Europe, representing 35% of the membership of the European Scout Region.", "The Scout Association __knowledge__ The association claims to provide activities to 464,700 young people (aged 6–25) in the UK with over 116,400 adult volunteers which is more than one adult for each 4 young people.", "Scouting __knowledge__ Scouting or the Scout Movement is a movement that aims to support young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, that they may play constructive roles in society, with a strong focus on the outdoors and survival skills.", "Scouting __knowledge__ During the first half of the twentieth century, the movement grew to encompass three major age groups for boys (Cub Scout, Boy Scout, Rover Scout) and, in 1910, a new organization, Girl Guides, was created for girls (Brownie Guide, Girl Guide and Girl Scout, Ranger Guide).", "Scouting __knowledge__ It is one of several worldwide youth organizations.", "Scouting __knowledge__ In 1906 and 1907 Robert Baden-Powell, a lieutenant general in the British Army, wrote a book for boys about reconnaissance and .", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Scouting in Connecticut has experienced many organizational changes since 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ With only eight counties, Connecticut has had 40 Boy Scout Councils since the Scouting movement began in 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ In 1922, 17 Boy Scout Councils existed in Connecticut, but currently only four exist.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ The Girl Scouts of the USA has had at least 53 Girl Scout Councils in Connecticut since their program began in 1912.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Today there is one, Girl Scouts of Connecticut, which assumed operation on October 1, 2007.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Connecticut has had as many as forty Boy Scouts of America councils since 1910.", "Scouting in Connecticut __knowledge__ Currently five councils exist in Connecticut.", "Gilwell Park __knowledge__ Gilwell Park is a camp site and activity centre for Scouting and Guiding groups, as well as schools and other youth organisations.", "Gilwell Park __knowledge__ The site also houses a training and conference centre, including the hosting of social events such as weddings and birthday parties.", "Gilwell Park __knowledge__ The 44 hectare (109 acre) site is in Sewardstonebury, Epping Forest, close to Chingford, London.", "Gilwell Park __knowledge__ In the late Middle Ages the area was a farm, growing to a wealthy estate that fell into disrepair towards 1900.", "Gilwell Park __knowledge__ It was bought in 1919 by Scout Commissioner William de Bois Maclaren and given to The Scout Association of the United Kingdom to provide camping to London Scouts, and training for Scouters." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boy Scouts __knowledge__ Boy Scouts may refer to:", "Camping __knowledge__ Camping is an outdoor activity involving overnight stays away from home in a shelter, such as a tent.", "Camping __knowledge__ Generally participants leave developed areas to spend time outdoors in more natural ones in pursuit of activities providing them enjoyment.", "Camping __knowledge__ To be regarded as \"camping\" a minimum of one night is spent outdoors, distinguishing it from day-tripping, picnicking, and other similarly short-term recreational activities.", "Camping __knowledge__ Camping can be enjoyed through all four seasons.", "Camping __knowledge__ Luxury may be an element, as in early 20th century African safaris, but including accommodations in fully equipped fixed structures such as high-end sporting camps under the banner of \"camping\" blurs the line.", "Harold Camping __knowledge__ Harold Egbert Camping (July 19, 1921December 15, 2013) was an American Christian radio broadcaster, author and evangelist.", "Harold Camping __knowledge__ Beginning in 1958, he served as president of Family Radio, a California-based radio station group that broadcasts to more than 150 markets in the United States.", "Harold Camping __knowledge__ In October 2011, he retired from active broadcasting following a stroke, but still maintained a role at Family Radio until his death.", "Harold Camping __knowledge__ Camping is notable for issuing multiple failed predictions of dates for the End Times, which temporarily gained him a global following and millions of dollars of donations.", "Harold Camping __knowledge__ Camping predicted that Jesus Christ would return to Earth on May 21, 2011, whereupon the saved would be taken up to heaven in the rapture, and that there would follow five months of fire, brimstone and plagues on Earth, with millions of people dying each day, culminating on October 21, 2011, with the final destruction of the world.", "2011 end times prediction __knowledge__ American Christian radio host Harold Camping stated that the Rapture and Judgment Day would take place on May 21, 2011, and that the end of the world would take place five months later on October 21, 2011.", "2011 end times prediction __knowledge__ The Rapture, in a specific tradition of premillennial theology, is the taking up into heaven of God's elect people.", "2011 end times prediction __knowledge__ Camping, who was then president of the Family Radio Christian network, claimed the Bible as his source and said May 21 would be the date of the Rapture and the day of judgment \"beyond the shadow of a doubt\".", "2011 end times prediction __knowledge__ Camping suggested that it would occur at 6 pm local time, with the Rapture sweeping the globe time zone by time zone, while some of his supporters claimed that around 200 million people (approximately 3% of the world's population) would be 'raptured'.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Alan Rogers (camping) __knowledge__ Alan Rogers was one of the major personalities whose work created the camping, caravanning and motor caravan industry.", "Alan Rogers (camping) __knowledge__ After service in the British RAF in the Second World War, Alan devoted his post-war leisure time to his twin passions of rallying and caravanning.", "Alan Rogers (camping) __knowledge__ In the early 1960s he, like many other caravanners, had become disillusioned with the quality of campsite information available to the users.", "Alan Rogers (camping) __knowledge__ He reasoned that what users wanted wasn't a list of facilities available on the site, but an accurate and impartial guide to the way that the site was run.", "Alan Rogers (camping) __knowledge__ In 1968 he published his first guide, the Alan Roger's selected sites for caravanning and camping in Europe.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Specimens of Middle Cornish texts are given here in Cornish and English.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Both texts have been dated within the period 1370-1410 and the \"Charter Fragment\" is given in two Cornish orthographies.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ (Earlier examples of written Cornish exist but these are the first in continuous prose or verse.)", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ It was not until the reign of Athelstan that the Cornish kings became subject to the rulers of Wessex: even so the border was established irrevocably on the east bank on the Tamar and in ecclesiastical matters Cornwall was added to the territory of the Bishops of Sherborne.", "Early Cornish texts __knowledge__ Under Canute it ceased to be subject to the King of England and only later, at an unknown date in Edward the Confessor's reign was annexed again.", "Camping (gaming) __knowledge__ In video gaming, camping is a controversial tactic where a player obtains a static strategic position of advantage.", "Camping (gaming) __knowledge__ This behaviour manifests in different ways depending on the type of game (online text adventure, graphical MMO, first-person shooter, etc.", "Camping (gaming) __knowledge__ ), but invariably involves a player waiting in one location for the game (or other players of the game) to do something which they can take advantage of, often repeatedly.", "Camping (gaming) __knowledge__ Camping is often seen as a method for circumventing much of the effort usually required to acquire a desired reward makes the activity contentious.", "Camping (gaming) __knowledge__ Among many players, camping is considered very similar to cheating, especially in deathmatch-type first-person shooter games.", "Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The Boy Scouts of America (BSA) is one of the largest Scouting organizations in the United States of America and one of the largest youth organizations in the United States, with more than 2.4 million youth participants and nearly one million adult volunteers.", "Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The BSA was founded in 1910, and since then, more than 110 million Americans have been participants in BSA programs at some time.", "Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The BSA is part of the international Scout Movement and became a founding member organization of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1922.", "Boy Scouts of America __knowledge__ The BSA's goal is to train youth in responsible citizenship, character development, and self-reliance through participation in a wide range of outdoor activities, educational programs, and, at older age levels, career-oriented programs in partnership with community organizations.", "22nd World Scout Jamboree __knowledge__ The 22nd World Scout Jamboree (Swedish: \"22:a världsjamboreen\") took place in Rinkaby, Kristianstad, Scania in southern Sweden from 27 July to 7 August 2011.", "22nd World Scout Jamboree __knowledge__ The theme was \"Simply Scouting\".", "22nd World Scout Jamboree __knowledge__ 40,061 Scouts, leaders and adult volunteers participated from 166 different countries.", "22nd World Scout Jamboree __knowledge__ The Jamboree was held on the fields of Rinkaby.", "22nd World Scout Jamboree __knowledge__ In 2001, a national Jamboree took place here with 26,700 participants, and another national Jamboree, \"Jiingijamborii\" was held here from 14–22 July 2007.", "22nd World Scout Jamboree __knowledge__ The camp area itself lies near the coast on sandy ground surrounded by pine woods.", "22nd World Scout Jamboree __knowledge__ Sandy earth helps rain water run off and thus there is no risk of any parts of the camp area being waterlogged.", "List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters __knowledge__ \"To Kill a Mockingbird\" is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960.", "List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters __knowledge__ It was instantly successful, winning the Pulitzer Prize, and has become a classic of modern American literature, widely read in US high schools and middle schools.", "List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters __knowledge__ The story takes place during three years of the Great Depression in the fictional Maycomb, Alabama.", "List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters: Atticus Finch is the middle-aged father of Jem and Scout Finch.", "List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters __knowledge__ He is a lawyer and was once known as \"the deadliest shot in Maycomb County\".", "List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters __knowledge__ Although he was a good shot, he does not like to mention the fact as he does not like the thought of having an advantage over people.", "Scouting Cross __knowledge__ Krzyż harcerski (Polish for Scouts Cross) is the emblem of Polish Scouting, awarded to Polish Scouts, Senior Scouts and Rangers.", "Scouting Cross __knowledge__ It was first used by an underground Scouting organization in Warsaw in 1913.", "Scouting Cross __knowledge__ The initial design by Kazimierz Lutosławski has not been modified substantially since then.", "Scouting Cross __knowledge__ It is worn on a Scout uniform, over the heart, two fingers above the left pocket.", "Scouting Cross __knowledge__ In November 1918 the Polish Ministry of War decreed that the \"Krzyż Harcerski\" was the only civilian honour that may be worn on military uniforms.", "Scouting Cross __knowledge__ The tradition continues to this day.", "Scouting Cross __knowledge__ The Cross was designed by Catholic priest Kazimierz Lutosławski, uncle of Polish composer Witold Lutosławski.", "Scout method __knowledge__ The Scout method is the informal educational system used by Scouts.", "Scout method __knowledge__ The aim of Scouting is character training with the goal of helping participants become independent and helpful, and thereby become \"healthy, happy, helpful citizens\".", "Scout method __knowledge__ The Scout method uses appealing games in the primitive outdoors to generate challenges which a Scout learns to solve by himself.", "Scout method __knowledge__ Through the training and the example of the leader, Scouts are taught independence, leadership, the ambition to learn by himself, and a moral code with positive goals.", "Scout method __knowledge__ According to founder Robert Baden-Powell, the Scout method works naturally and unconsciously: naturally in the way that it follows the natural impulses of the Scout, and unconsciously because the Scout is not aware of the education.", "Order of the Arrow __knowledge__ The Order of the Arrow (OA) is the National Honor Society of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA).", "Order of the Arrow __knowledge__ The society was created by E. Urner Goodman, with the assistance of Carroll A. Edson, in 1915 as a means of reinforcing the Scout Oath and the Scout Law.", "Order of the Arrow __knowledge__ It uses American Indian imagery for ceremonies bestowing recognition on Scouts elected by their peers as best exemplifying the ideals of Scouting.", "Order of the Arrow __knowledge__ The OA promotes Scouting ideals, especially selfless leadership to help others, as lifelong values and encourages continued participation in Scouting and camping.", "Order of the Arrow __knowledge__ Influenced in part by Scout camp customs, and in part by Native American traditions and folklore, the OA uses \"safeguarded\" symbols, handshakes, and ceremonies to impart a sense of community.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ This list is of characters featured in the \"Gaunt's Ghosts\" series of novels by Dan Abnett, which are set in the fictional \"Warhammer 40,000\" universe.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Biographical details are included.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Colonel-Commissar Ibram Gaunt is the commanding officer of the Tanith First-and-Only during the Sabbat Worlds Crusade.", "List of Gaunt's Ghosts characters __knowledge__ Not much is known of Gaunt's past prior to his training under Commissar-General Delane Oktar, but several flashbacks in \"First and Only\" tell enough to form a picture of his early years (according to the records, his mother died shortly after he was born and his father was killed in action by Orks on the planet Kentaur)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boy Scouts __knowledge__ Boy Scouts may refer to:", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Literacy __knowledge__ Literacy is traditionally meant as the ability to read and write .", "Literacy __knowledge__ The modern term's meaning has been expanded to include the ability to use language, numbers, images, computers, and other basic means to understand, communicate, gain useful knowledge, solve mathematical problems and use the dominant symbol systems of a culture.", "Literacy __knowledge__ The concept of literacy is expanding in OECD countries to include skills to access knowledge through technology and ability to assess complex contexts.", "Literacy __knowledge__ A person who travels and resides in a foreign country but is unable to read or write in the language of the host country would also be regarded by the locals as being illiterate.", "Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life: A Philosophical Inquiry __knowledge__ Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life: A Philosophical Inquiry is a 1984 book by Albert Borgmann (born 1937), an American philosopher, specializing in the philosophy of technology.", "Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life: A Philosophical Inquiry __knowledge__ Borgmann was born in Freiburg, Germany, and is a professor of philosophy at the University of Montana.", "Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life: A Philosophical Inquiry __knowledge__ \"Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life\" contributed to the emerging philosophical discussions of issues surrounding modern technology.", "Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life: A Philosophical Inquiry __knowledge__ Following a Heideggerian viewpoint, Borgmann introduced the notion of the device paradigm to explain what constitutes technology's essence, loosely based on Heidegger's notion of Gestell (enframing).", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "Life skills __knowledge__ Life skills are abilities for adaptive and positive behaviour that enable humans to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of life.", "Life skills __knowledge__ The subject varies greatly depending on social norms and community expectations but skills that functions for well-being and aid individuals to develop into active and productive members of their communities are considered as life skills.", "Life skills __knowledge__ The UNICEF Evaluation Office suggests that \"there is no definitive list\" of psychosocial skills; nevertheless UNICEF enumerates psychosocial and interpersonal skills are generally well being oriented and essential alongside literacy and numeracy skills.", "White Stag Leadership Development Program __knowledge__ The White Stag Leadership Development Program, founded in 1958, is a summer camp for youth 11-18 led by two California-based non-profits that sponsor leadership development activities.", "White Stag Leadership Development Program __knowledge__ The teen youth staff of the two programs develop and produce several week-long leadership summer camps every year for several hundred youth from Central and Northern California and a few youth from other states and countries.", "White Stag Leadership Development Program __knowledge__ The outdoors program is based on hands-on learning methods to develop competencies.", "White Stag Leadership Development Program __knowledge__ The program was founded on the Monterey Peninsula, California, in 1958 by Dr. Béla H. Bánáthy, a Hungarian immigrant who taught at the language school.", "OC Transpo Route 97 __knowledge__ OC Transpo Route 97 is the City of Ottawa bus (transitway) between downtown and the airport.", "OC Transpo Route 97 __knowledge__ It starts at Bayshore Station at Bayshore Shopping Centre and ends at either South Keys Station or the Airport.", "OC Transpo Route 97 __knowledge__ Several trips each day start or end at Tunney's Pasture Station.", "OC Transpo Route 97 __knowledge__ Some trips also serve Bells Corners after serving Bayshore Station.", "OC Transpo Route 97 __knowledge__ Route 97 is also used as an alternative to routes 61 and 62 from Bayshore Station to Hurdman Station and thus provides improved service to the central transitway, the downtown core and Bayshore Shopping Centre.", "OC Transpo Route 97 __knowledge__ This also helps on transfers at Hurdman Station, Lincoln Fields Station and Bayshore Station to local routes, some of which in the east end extend to Hurdman Station.", "Tent city __knowledge__ A tent city is a temporary housing facility made using tents or other temporary structures.", "Tent city __knowledge__ Informal tent cities may be set up without authorization by homeless people or protesters.", "Tent city __knowledge__ As well, state governments or military organizations set up tent cities to house refugees, evacuees, or soldiers.", "Tent city __knowledge__ Tent cities set up by homeless people may be similar to shanty towns, which are informal settlements in which the buildings are made from scrap building materials.", "Tent city __knowledge__ In the military, the term \"tent city\" usually refers to temporary living quarters erected on deployed military bases, such as those found in Bosnia and Herzegovina or Iraq.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ The term mountaineering describes the sport of mountain climbing.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ While some scholars identify mountaineering-related activities as climbing (rock and ice) and trekking up mountains, others are also adding backpacking, hiking, skiing, via ferrata and wilderness activities, and still others state that mountaineering activities also include indoor climbing, sport climbing and bouldering.", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ However most of the scholars, the term mountaineering understand as a climbing (which now refers to adventure climbing or sports climbing) and trekking (hill walking in 'exotic' places).", "Mountaineering __knowledge__ Hiking in the mountains can also be a simple form of mountaineering when it involves scrambling, or short stretches of the more basic grades of rock climbing, as well as crossing glaciers.", "White Rim Road __knowledge__ The White Rim Road is a unpaved four-wheel drive road that traverses the top of the White Rim Sandstone formation below the Island in the Sky mesa of Canyonlands National Park in southern Utah in the United States.", "White Rim Road __knowledge__ The road was constructed in the 1950s by the Atomic Energy Commission to provide access for individual prospectors intent on mining uranium deposits for use in nuclear weapons production during the Cold War.", "White Rim Road __knowledge__ Large deposits had been found in similar areas within the region; however, the mines along the White Rim Road produced very little uranium and all the mines were abandoned.", "White Rim Road __knowledge__ The road surface consists of loose dirt, sandy dry washes and sandstone rock formations.", "Sleeping car __knowledge__ The sleeping car or sleeper (often \"\") is a railway passenger car that can accommodate all its passengers in beds of one kind or another, primarily for the purpose of making nighttime travel more restful.", "Sleeping car __knowledge__ Theodore Tuttle Woodruff was the American inventor of the sleeper car.", "Sleeping car __knowledge__ The first such cars saw sporadic use on American railroads in the 1830s; they could be configured for coach seating during the day.", "Sleeping car __knowledge__ Some of the more luxurious types have private rooms (fully and solidly enclosed rooms that are not shared with strangers).", "Sleeping car __knowledge__ The Cumberland Valley Railroad pioneered sleeping car service in the spring of 1839, with a car named \"Chambersburg\", between Chambersburg and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.", "Tent __knowledge__ A tent is a shelter consisting of sheets of fabric or other material draped over, attached to a frame of poles or attached to a supporting rope.", "Tent __knowledge__ While smaller tents may be free-standing or attached to the ground, large tents are usually anchored using guy ropes tied to stakes or tent pegs.", "Tent __knowledge__ First used as portable homes by nomads, tents are now more often used for recreational camping and as temporary shelters.", "Tent __knowledge__ Tents range in size from \"bivouac\" structures, just big enough for one person to sleep in, up to huge circus tents capable of seating thousands of people.", "Tent __knowledge__ The bulk of this article is concerned with tents used for recreational camping which have sleeping space for one to ten people.", "Timeline of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ Timeline of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict.", "Timeline of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ Over 2014, Palestinians suffered the highest number of civilian casualties since the Six-Day War in 1967, according to a United Nations report, given the July–August conflict, and rising tolls in the West Bank and East Jerusalem.", "Timeline of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ A spike in Israeli casualties also occurred.", "Timeline of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ 2,256 Palestinians and 85 Israelis died, while 17,125 Palestinians, and 2,639 Israelis suffered injuries.", "Timeline of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ For events pertaining to the conflict which occurred before 8 July 2014, see Background of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict and Operation Brother's Keeper.", "Timeline of the 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict __knowledge__ As the Israeli operation began, and the IDF bombarded targets in the Gaza Strip with artillery and airstrikes, Hamas continued to fire rockets and mortar shells into Israel in response." ] ]

[ 2, 0, 2, 30 ]

[ "I do not do Boy Scout events, but I am aware of them, they actually started in Britain in 1908", "I think that is something every scout should know", "Yes, especially overnight trips, using a pre made tent or making their own shelter", "Anything we learn and tests our abilities to enable us to adapt and work through the challanges of life is great" ]

[ "Boy Scouts", "Boy Scouts", "Boy Scouts", "Boy Scouts" ]

[ "German Shepherd\nHi, do you like dogs or cats? I have a German Shepherd pup.", "I don't think I've seen one. I'll have to look it up. Does it kind of look like a wolf or coyote?", "Sounds gorgeous. There is something regal and special about them.", "Are you near the beach, lol. Jelly." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd emerged from white-coat lines of the German Shepherd dog in Canada and the United States and from European imports.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd and the white German Shepherd are the same dog, though their coat colors vary.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd breed was officially recognized by the United Kennel Club on April 14, 1999.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ In German Shepherds, the recessive gene for white coat hair was cast in the breed gene pool by the late 19th and early 20th century breeding program that developed and expanded the German Shepherd Dog breed in Germany.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ A white herding dog named Greif was the grandfather of Horand von Grafrath, the dog acknowledged as the foundation of all contemporary German Shepherd bloodlines.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ A wolfdog (also called a wolf–dog hybrid or wolf hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the hybridization of a domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") to one of four other \"Canis\" sub-species, the gray (\"Canis lupus\"), eastern timber (\"Canis lycaon\"), red (\"Canis rufus\"), and Ethiopian wolves (\"Canis simensis\").", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Intra-hybridization between dogs and other subspecies of gray wolves are the most common wolfdogs since dogs and gray wolves are considered the same species, are genetically very close, and have shared vast portions of their ranges for millennia.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Such hybridization in the wild have been detected in many populations scattered throughout Europe and North America, usually occurring in areas where wolf populations have declined from human impacts and persecutions.", "Rin Tin Tin __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with Tintin or The Adventures of Tintin\" Rin Tin Tin (often hyphenated as Rin-Tin-Tin; September 1918 – August 10, 1932) was a male German Shepherd that was an international star in motion pictures.", "Rin Tin Tin __knowledge__ He was rescued from a World War I battlefield by an American soldier, Lee Duncan, who nicknamed him \"Rinty\".", "Rin Tin Tin __knowledge__ Duncan trained Rin Tin Tin and obtained silent film work for the dog.", "Rin Tin Tin __knowledge__ Rin Tin Tin was an immediate box-office success and went on to appear in 27 Hollywood films, gaining worldwide fame.", "Rin Tin Tin __knowledge__ Along with the earlier canine film star Strongheart, Rin Tin Tin was responsible for greatly increasing the popularity of German Shepherd dogs as family pets.", "Police dog __knowledge__ A police dog, known in some English-speaking countries as a \"K-9\" or \"K9\" (a homophone of \"canine\"), is a dog that is specifically trained to assist police and other law-enforcement personnel.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Their duties include: searching for drugs and explosives, locating missing people, finding crime scene evidence, and protecting their handlers.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Police dogs must remember several verbal cues and hand gestures.", "Police dog __knowledge__ The most commonly used breeds are the German Shepherd, Belgian Malinois and Rottweiler.", "Police dog __knowledge__ In many common law jurisdictions, the intentional injuring or killing of a police dog is a felony.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Dogs have been used in law enforcement since the Middle Ages.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Schutzhund (German for \"protection dog\") is a dog sport that was developed in Germany in the early 1900s as a breed suitability test for the German Shepherd breed.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ The test would determine if the dog displayed the appropriate traits and characteristics of a proper working German Shepherd.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Today, it is used as a sport where many breeds other than German Shepherd Dogs can compete, but it is such a demanding test that few dogs can pass.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Schutzhund tests dogs of all breeds for the traits necessary for police-type work.", "Schutzhund __knowledge__ Dogs that pass Schutzhund tests should be suitable for a wide variety of tasks: police work, specific odor detection, search and rescue, and many others.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ This is a list of Pound Puppies characters from the television series that ran from 1986 to 1989.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ The animated children's show was based on the popular 1980's stuffed toy line.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ Cooler (Beagle/Bloodhound mix) – Cooler is the leader of the Pound Puppies.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ As his name would imply, Cooler has an outgoing and mellow personality and always keeps his head up even in the most daring situations.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ He also has a witty and sharp sense of humor compared to the other characters in the series, which is also backed up by his goofy Eddie Murphy-styled laugh.", "List of Pound Puppies characters __knowledge__ His battle cry is \"Pound Puppies, let's start pounding!\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "Coyote __knowledge__ The coyote (\"Canis latrans\"); from Nahuatl ) is a canine native to North America.", "Coyote __knowledge__ It is smaller than its close relative, the gray wolf, and slightly smaller than the closely related eastern wolf and red wolf.", "Coyote __knowledge__ It fills much of the same ecological niche as the golden jackal does in Eurasia, though it is larger and more predatory, and is sometimes called the \"American jackal\" by zoologists.", "Coyote __knowledge__ The coyote is listed as least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to its wide distribution and abundance throughout North America, southwards through Mexico, and into Central America.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ The red wolf (\"Canis rufus\" or \"Canis lupus rufus\"), also known as the Florida black wolf or Mississippi Valley wolf, is a canid of unresolved taxonomic identity native to the eastern United States.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ It is generally, morphologically, an intermediate between the coyote and gray wolf, and is of a reddish, tawny color.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ The Red Wolf is a federally listed endangered species of the United States, and is protected by law.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ It has been listed by IUCN as a critically endangered species since 1996.", "Red wolf __knowledge__ It is considered the rarest species of wolf and is one of the five most endangered species of wolf in the world.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner __knowledge__ Wile E. Coyote (also known simply as \"The Coyote\") and the Road Runner are a duo of characters from the \"Looney Tunes\" and \"Merrie Melodies\" series of cartoons.", "Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner __knowledge__ In the cartoons, the Coyote repeatedly attempts to catch and subsequently eat the Road Runner, a fast-running ground bird, but is never successful.", "Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner __knowledge__ Instead of his species' animal instincts, the Coyote uses absurdly complex contraptions (sometimes in the manner of Rube Goldberg) and elaborate plans to pursue his prey, resulting in his devices comically backfiring with the Coyote often getting injured in slapstick fashion.", "Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner __knowledge__ One running gag involves the Coyote trying in vain to shield himself with a little parasol against a great falling boulder that is about to crush him.", "Eastern wolf __knowledge__ The eastern wolf (\"Canis lycaon\" or \"Canis lupus lycaon\"), also known as the eastern timber wolf, Algonquin wolf or deer wolf, is a canid native to the northeastern side of North America's Great Lakes region.", "Eastern wolf __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid which, like the red wolf, is intermediate in size between the coyote and the gray wolf.", "Eastern wolf __knowledge__ It primarily preys on white-tailed deer, but may occasionally attack moose and beaver.", "Eastern wolf __knowledge__ The eastern wolf's taxonomic classification has been under review beginning c. 2000, with various suggestions having been presented as to its derivation, including its being a subspecies of gray wolf, its being conspecific with the red wolf, gray wolf–coyote hybridization, and classification as a separate species within \"Canis\".", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ The gray wolf (\"Canis lupus\"), also known as the timber wolf or western wolf, is a canine native to the wilderness and remote areas of Eurasia and North America.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ It is the largest extant member of its family, with males averaging and females .", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Like the red wolf, it is distinguished from other \"Canis\" species by its larger size and less pointed features, particularly on the ears and muzzle.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ Its winter fur is long and bushy and predominantly a mottled gray in color, although nearly pure white, red, and brown to black also occur.", "Gray wolf __knowledge__ \"Mammal Species of the World\" (3rd ed., 2005), a standard reference work in zoology, recognises 38 subspecies of \"C. lupus\"..Gray wolfs are pack hunters.", "Canid hybrid __knowledge__ Canid hybrids are the result of interbreeding between different species of the canine (dog) family (genus \"Canis\").", "Canid hybrid __knowledge__ They often occur in the wild, in particular between domestic or feral dogs and wild native canids.", "Canid hybrid __knowledge__ The wolf-like canids are a group of large carnivores that are genetically closely related because their chromosomes number 78.", "Canid hybrid __knowledge__ The group includes genus \"Canis\", \"Cuon\" and \"Lycaon\".", "Canid hybrid __knowledge__ The members are the dog \"(C. lupus familiaris)\", gray wolf (\"C. lupus\"), coyote (\"C. latrans\"), golden jackal (\"C. aureus\"), Ethiopian wolf (\"C. simensis\"), black-backed jackal (\"C. mesomelas\"), side-striped jackal (\"C. adustus\"), dhole (\"Cuon alpinus\"), and African wild dog (\"Lycaon pictus\").", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd emerged from white-coat lines of the German Shepherd dog in Canada and the United States and from European imports.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd and the white German Shepherd are the same dog, though their coat colors vary.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd breed was officially recognized by the United Kennel Club on April 14, 1999.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ In German Shepherds, the recessive gene for white coat hair was cast in the breed gene pool by the late 19th and early 20th century breeding program that developed and expanded the German Shepherd Dog breed in Germany.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ A white herding dog named Greif was the grandfather of Horand von Grafrath, the dog acknowledged as the foundation of all contemporary German Shepherd bloodlines.", "Police dog __knowledge__ A police dog, known in some English-speaking countries as a \"K-9\" or \"K9\" (a homophone of \"canine\"), is a dog that is specifically trained to assist police and other law-enforcement personnel.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Their duties include: searching for drugs and explosives, locating missing people, finding crime scene evidence, and protecting their handlers.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Police dogs must remember several verbal cues and hand gestures.", "Police dog __knowledge__ The most commonly used breeds are the German Shepherd, Belgian Malinois and Rottweiler.", "Police dog __knowledge__ In many common law jurisdictions, the intentional injuring or killing of a police dog is a felony.", "Police dog __knowledge__ Dogs have been used in law enforcement since the Middle Ages.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ The Taiwan Dog () is a breed or landrace of small or medium dog indigenous to Taiwan.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ These dogs are also known as Taiwanese Canis, Taiwanese Native Dog () or Takasago Dog ().", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ They are well-adapted to the uneven and thickly forested terrain of Taiwan, having become a semi-wild breed prior to the arrival of several colonial reigns and foreign powers.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Notwithstanding these adaptations, Formosans retained the potential to be trained, and are now used as hunting dogs, guard dogs, stunt dogs, rescue dogs, or simply as companions.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ Formosans are classified into one medium type and two small types.", "Taiwan Dog __knowledge__ However, now the pureblood Formosan Mountain Dog is edging closer to extinction, due to limited conservation efforts of the Taiwanese and their government.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The Australian Shepherd, often known simply as the \"Aussie\", is a medium-sized breed of dog that was, despite its name, developed on ranches in the Western United States during the 19th century.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The dog was developed from a breed or breeds from the Basque country in Western Europe.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ It was brought by Basque people to the United States.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ These people had previously lived only briefly in Australia before moving to America.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed otherwise has no connection to Australia.", "Australian Shepherd __knowledge__ There are a number of different theories regarding how the breed came to be associated with Australia, but there is no consensus.", "Dutch Shepherd __knowledge__ The Dutch Shepherd is a herding dog of Dutch origin.", "Dutch Shepherd __knowledge__ They were used by shepherds and farmers who needed a versatile dog, with few demands, and a dog that was able to adapt to a harsh and meager existence.", "Dutch Shepherd __knowledge__ The Dutch Shepherd was discovered as a naturally occurring shepherd's dog type living in the rural areas of the larger region that today includes the Netherlands.", "Dutch Shepherd __knowledge__ When the first breed standard was written in 1898, the coat could be any colour.", "Dutch Shepherd __knowledge__ But, in 1914, it was decided to allow only brindle to distinguish the breed from the then similar German Shepherd and Belgian Shepherd.", "Dutch Shepherd __knowledge__ The breeds eventually diverged into the three distinct breeds as known today.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ A wolfdog (also called a wolf–dog hybrid or wolf hybrid) is a canid hybrid resulting from the hybridization of a domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\") to one of four other \"Canis\" sub-species, the gray (\"Canis lupus\"), eastern timber (\"Canis lycaon\"), red (\"Canis rufus\"), and Ethiopian wolves (\"Canis simensis\").", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Intra-hybridization between dogs and other subspecies of gray wolves are the most common wolfdogs since dogs and gray wolves are considered the same species, are genetically very close, and have shared vast portions of their ranges for millennia.", "Wolfdog __knowledge__ Such hybridization in the wild have been detected in many populations scattered throughout Europe and North America, usually occurring in areas where wolf populations have declined from human impacts and persecutions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "William Regal __knowledge__ Darren Kenneth Matthews (born 10 May 1968) is an English retired professional wrestler, color commentator and trainer.", "William Regal __knowledge__ He is currently signed to WWE on the NXT brand under the ring name William Regal, acting as the brand's general manager.", "William Regal __knowledge__ He is also known for his time in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) under the ring name Steven Regal.", "William Regal __knowledge__ Having started his career on a rare surviving carnival booth in Britain, he moved on to wrestle for national-level promotions on the British wrestling circuit and on British television.", "William Regal __knowledge__ He then progressed to touring around the world, in countries such as Germany and South Africa, before being called up to WCW in 1993.", "Buick Regal __knowledge__ The Buick Regal is an upscale mid-sized automobile that was first introduced by Buick for the 1973 model year.", "Buick Regal __knowledge__ North American production ended in 2004 and began again in 2011.", "Buick Regal __knowledge__ For the 2011 model year, Buick re-introduced the Regal to the North American market, positioned as an upscale sports sedan.", "Buick Regal __knowledge__ Production and sales in China have continued since 1999.", "Buick Regal __knowledge__ For certain model years between 1973 and 2004, the Regal shared bodies and powertrains with the similar Buick Century.", "Buick Regal __knowledge__ The current model (2011–present) is an American built version of the Opel Insignia, known as the Vauxhall Insignia in the UK.", "Chrysler Valiant __knowledge__ The Chrysler Valiant was a full-size car which was sold by Chrysler Australia between 1962 and 1981.", "Chrysler Valiant __knowledge__ Initially a rebadged locally assembled Plymouth Valiant from the United States, from the second generation launched in 1963, the Valiant was fully manufactured in Australia.", "Chrysler Valiant __knowledge__ It was sold locally but also in New Zealand and South Africa, with smaller numbers also exported to South-East Asia and the United Kingdom.", "Chrysler Valiant __knowledge__ Parent company Chrysler made a substantial investment in Australian manufacturing facilities, by establishing operations in South Australia with an assembly plant at Tonsley Park in 1964 and an engine foundry at Lonsdale in 1968.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ Regal Entertainment Group, abbreviated REG, is an American movie theater chain headquartered in unincorporated Halls Crossroads, just north of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ Regal operates the second-largest theater circuit in the United States, with over 7,307 screens in 564 theaters as of June 2016.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ The three main theatre brands operated by Regal Entertainment Group are Regal Cinemas, Edwards Theatres, and United Artists Theatres.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ These chains retain their exterior signage, but most indoor branding (popcorn bags, policy trailers) uses the Regal Entertainment Group name and logo.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ Where applicable, the REG logo is used alongside the three individual brands.", "Regal fritillary __knowledge__ The regal fritillary (\"Speyeria idalia\") is a striking nymphalid butterfly found among some of the remaining tallgrass and mixed-grass prairies in the east-central United States.", "Regal fritillary __knowledge__ This prairie-specialist butterfly has a characteristic deep orange color and unmistakable dark hindwings with two bands of spots (Brock 2003).", "Regal fritillary __knowledge__ On the female, both bands of spots are white.", "Regal fritillary __knowledge__ However, on the male, the outer band of spots is orange in color.", "Regal fritillary __knowledge__ Females also tend to be slightly larger than males.", "Regal fritillary __knowledge__ The ventral surface of the hindwings is olive brown to black in color with bold silvery white spots (Selby 2007).", "Regal fritillary __knowledge__ The wingspan of \"S. idalia\" usually measures (Selby 2007).", "Gorgeous George __knowledge__ George Raymond Wagner (March 24, 1915 – December 26, 1963) was an American professional wrestler best known by his ring name Gorgeous George.", "Gorgeous George __knowledge__ In the United States, during the First Golden Age of Professional Wrestling in the 1940s–1950s, Gorgeous George gained mainstream popularity and became one of the biggest stars of this period, gaining media attention for his outrageous character, which was described as flamboyant and charismatic.", "Gorgeous George __knowledge__ He was posthumously inducted into the Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame in 2002 and the WWE Hall of Fame as part of the Class of 2010.", "Gorgeous George __knowledge__ George Raymond Wagner was born March 24, 1915 in Butte, Nebraska.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Having reformed from his violent ways, Bigby (a.k.a.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ the Big Bad Wolf) became the cigarette-smoking, trench coat-clad sheriff of Fabletown.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is extremely cunning and resourceful, in addition to being an excellent detective.", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ Due to Snow White's possession of a lycanthropy-stained knife, he is now a werewolf and can change between wolf form, human form and an intermediate \"wolfman\" stage at will (in \"The Great Fables Crossover\", it is revealed that Bigby's nature as one of the North Wind's sons allows him to change forms at will).", "List of Fables characters __knowledge__ He is the son of the North Wind, and, as such, has control over the lower-tier winds, plus the \"huff and puff\" of legend.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd emerged from white-coat lines of the German Shepherd dog in Canada and the United States and from European imports.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd and the white German Shepherd are the same dog, though their coat colors vary.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ The White Shepherd breed was officially recognized by the United Kennel Club on April 14, 1999.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ In German Shepherds, the recessive gene for white coat hair was cast in the breed gene pool by the late 19th and early 20th century breeding program that developed and expanded the German Shepherd Dog breed in Germany.", "White Shepherd __knowledge__ A white herding dog named Greif was the grandfather of Horand von Grafrath, the dog acknowledged as the foundation of all contemporary German Shepherd bloodlines.", "Evil Queen (Disney) __knowledge__ The Evil Queen, also known as the Wicked Queen or just the Queen, and sometimes instead identified by her given name as Queen Grimhilde, is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Pictures' first animated feature film \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" (1937) and a villain character in the extended Disney's \"Snow White\" franchise.", "Evil Queen (Disney) __knowledge__ She is based on the Evil Queen character from the European fairy tale \"Snow White\".", "Evil Queen (Disney) __knowledge__ In the film, similar to the Brothers Grimm story, the Evil Queen is cold, cruel, and extremely vain, and obsessively desires to remain the \"fairest in the land\".", "Evil Queen (Disney) __knowledge__ She becomes madly envious over the beauty of her stepdaughter, Princess Snow White, as well as the attentions of the Prince from another land; such love triangle element is one of Disney's changes to the story.", "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film) __knowledge__ Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs is a 1937 American animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Productions and originally released by RKO Radio Pictures.", "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film) __knowledge__ Based on the German fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm, it is the first full-length cel animated feature film and the earliest Disney animated feature film.", "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film) __knowledge__ The story was adapted by storyboard artists Dorothy Ann Blank, Richard Creedon, Merrill De Maris, Otto Englander, Earl Hurd, Dick Rickard, Ted Sears and Webb Smith.", "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film) __knowledge__ David Hand was the supervising director, while William Cottrell, Wilfred Jackson, Larry Morey, Perce Pearce, and Ben Sharpsteen directed the film's individual sequences.", "White tiger __knowledge__ The white tiger or bleached tiger is a pigmentation variant of the Bengal tiger, which is reported in the wild from time to time in the Indian states of Assam, West Bengal and Bihar in the Sunderbans region and especially in the former State of Rewa.", "White tiger __knowledge__ Such a tiger has the black stripes typical of the Bengal tiger, but carries a white or near-white coat.", "White tiger __knowledge__ The white Bengal tigers are distinctive due to the color of their fur.", "White tiger __knowledge__ The white fur caused by a lack of the pigment pheomelanin, which is found in Bengal tigers with orange color fur.", "White tiger __knowledge__ When compared to Bengal tigers, the white Bengal tigers tend to grow faster and heavier than the orange Bengal tiger.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "Snow White __knowledge__ \"Snow White\" is a 19th-century German fairy tale which is today known widely across the Western world.", "Snow White __knowledge__ The Brothers Grimm published it in 1812 in the first edition of their collection \"Grimms' Fairy Tales\".", "Snow White __knowledge__ It was titled in German: \"Sneewittchen\" (in modern orthography \"Schneewittchen\") and numbered as Tale 53.", "Snow White __knowledge__ The name \"Sneewittchen\" was Low German and in the first version it was translated with \"Schneeweißchen\".", "Snow White __knowledge__ The Grimms completed their final revision of the story in 1854.", "Snow White __knowledge__ The fairy tale features such elements as the magic mirror, the poisoned apple, the glass coffin, and the characters of the evil queen and the Seven Dwarfs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd (, ) is a breed of medium to large-sized working dog that originated in Germany.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed's officially recognized name is German Shepherd Dog in the English language (sometimes abbreviated as \"GSD\").", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed was once known as the Alsatian in Britain and Ireland.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is a relatively new breed of dog, with their origin dating to 1899.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds are working dogs developed originally for herding sheep.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ Since that time however, because of their strength, intelligence, trainability, and obedience, German Shepherds around the world are often the preferred breed for many types of work, including disability assistance, search-and-rescue, police and military roles, and even acting.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The German Shepherd is the second-most registered breed by the American Kennel Club and seventh-most registered breed by The Kennel Club in the United Kingdom.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are medium to large-sized dogs.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The breed standard height at the withers is for males, and for females.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ German Shepherds are longer than tall, with an ideal proportion of 10 to 8 1/2.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ The AKC official breed standard does not set a standard weight range.", "German Shepherd __knowledge__ They have a domed forehead, a long square-cut muzzle with strong jaws and a black nose.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ Lawrence Plackett, known as Lol Plackett, (born 1869) was an English footballer who played for Derby County and Nottingham Forest.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ His brother Harry was also a footballer.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ Lol Plackett joined Derby County sometime in 1886 and he was signed from local club Long Eaton Alexandra.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ He made his Football League debut at Pike's Lane, Bolton, then the home of Bolton Wanderers in September.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ Lol Plackett was selected to play outside-left.", "Lawrence Plackett __knowledge__ The match, apart from its historic context, was an extraordinary game with the home team racing into a 3-0 lead, scoring the first ever League goal and nine goals by both teams.", "Petroleum jelly __knowledge__ Petroleum jelly, petrolatum, white petrolatum, soft paraffin/paraffin wax or multi-hydrocarbon, CAS number 8009-03-8, is a semi-solid mixture of hydrocarbons (with carbon numbers mainly higher than 25), originally promoted as a topical ointment for its healing properties.", "Petroleum jelly __knowledge__ After petroleum jelly became a medicine chest staple, consumers began to use it for many ailments, as well as cosmetic purposes, including toenail fungus, genital rashes (non-STD), nosebleeds, diaper rash, and chest colds.", "Petroleum jelly __knowledge__ Its folkloric medicinal value as a \"cure-all\" has since been limited by better scientific understanding of appropriate and inappropriate uses.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ Regal Entertainment Group, abbreviated REG, is an American movie theater chain headquartered in unincorporated Halls Crossroads, just north of Knoxville, Tennessee.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ Regal operates the second-largest theater circuit in the United States, with over 7,307 screens in 564 theaters as of June 2016.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ The three main theatre brands operated by Regal Entertainment Group are Regal Cinemas, Edwards Theatres, and United Artists Theatres.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ These chains retain their exterior signage, but most indoor branding (popcorn bags, policy trailers) uses the Regal Entertainment Group name and logo.", "Regal Entertainment Group __knowledge__ Where applicable, the REG logo is used alongside the three individual brands.", "William Regal __knowledge__ Darren Kenneth Matthews (born 10 May 1968) is an English retired professional wrestler, color commentator and trainer.", "William Regal __knowledge__ He is currently signed to WWE on the NXT brand under the ring name William Regal, acting as the brand's general manager.", "William Regal __knowledge__ He is also known for his time in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) under the ring name Steven Regal.", "William Regal __knowledge__ Having started his career on a rare surviving carnival booth in Britain, he moved on to wrestle for national-level promotions on the British wrestling circuit and on British television.", "William Regal __knowledge__ He then progressed to touring around the world, in countries such as Germany and South Africa, before being called up to WCW in 1993.", "Movie theater __knowledge__ A movie theater or movie theatre (also called a cinema) is a building that contains an auditorium for viewing films (also called movies), for entertainment.", "Movie theater __knowledge__ Most, but not all, theaters are commercial operations catering to the general public, who attend by purchasing a ticket.", "Movie theater __knowledge__ Some movie theaters, however, are operated by non-profit organizations or societies which charge members a membership fee to view films.", "Movie theater __knowledge__ The film is projected with a movie projector onto a large projection screen at the front of the auditorium while the dialogue, sounds and music are played through a number of wall-mounted speakers.", "Muvico Theaters __knowledge__ Muvico Theaters was a movie theater chain headquartered in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.", "Muvico Theaters __knowledge__ Muvico had seven complexes in Florida, one in the Chicago Metropolitan Area (Rosemont), and one in Thousand Oaks, California.", "Muvico Theaters __knowledge__ Muvico's theaters were known for the use of decorative themes at several theaters, such as the Egyptian, 1950s drive-in, French opera house, Mediterranean palace and 1920s grand movie palace themes.", "Muvico Theaters __knowledge__ Muvico Theaters started in 1984 with the acquisition of the Movie Center 3 theater in Coral Springs, Florida.", "Muvico Theaters __knowledge__ Between 1985 and 1995, Muvico bought or built eight theaters totaling 59 screens; the California Club Six in North Miami was among these eight theaters.", "Regal Cinemas __knowledge__ Regal Cinemas is a UK-based cinema chain since the early days of the cinema.", "Regal Cinemas __knowledge__ In 1928, Regal Cinemas became part of Associated British Cinemas but has retained the name 'Regal Cinemas'.", "Regal Cinemas __knowledge__ In recent times the number of Regal Cinemas in the UK has decreased, as the number of small towns without cinemas has increased.", "Regal Cinemas __knowledge__ The town of Northwich has a campaign to bring back their Regal Cinema after it closed in 2007, having served the town for 60 years.", "Regal Cinemas __knowledge__ The Regal Northwich was an independent cinema run by Cheshire County Cinemas and was not part of the Regal chain.", "Regal Cinemas __knowledge__ It opened with the film \"Storm in a Teacup\".", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ Knoxville is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee, and the county seat of Knox County.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ The city had an estimated population of 186,239 in 2016 and a population of 178,874 as of the 2010 census, making it the state's third largest city after Nashville and Memphis.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ Knoxville is the principal city of the Knoxville Metropolitan Statistical Area, which, in 2016, was 868,546, up 0.9 percent, or 7,377 people, from to 2015.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ The KMSA is, in turn, the central component of the Knoxville-Sevierville-La Follette Combined Statistical Area, which, in 2013, had a population of 1,096,961.", "Knoxville, Tennessee __knowledge__ First settled in 1786, Knoxville was the first capital of Tennessee.", "Michael Jackson's This Is It __knowledge__ Michael Jackson's This Is It is a 2009 American documentary–concert film directed by Kenny Ortega that documents Michael Jackson's rehearsals and preparation for his concert series of the same name that was originally scheduled to start on July 13, 2009, but was cancelled due to his death eighteen days prior on June 25.", "Michael Jackson's This Is It __knowledge__ The film consists of Jackson rehearsing musical numbers, directing his team, and additional behind-the-scenes footage including dancer auditions and costume design.", "Michael Jackson's This Is It __knowledge__ Ortega confirmed that none of the footage was originally intended for release, but after Jackson's death it was agreed that the film be made." ] ]

[ 13, 46, 28, 24 ]

[ "I have two dogs! I love German Shepherds, I always wanted a White Shepherd, they are one of Europe's greatest achievements in my opinion. ", "They literally look snow white, its gorgeous, every shepherd has the chance to be white as of the late 19th century because it;s a recessive gene in their lineage.", "I love that word regal, here in FL we have regal cinemas, Regal Entertainment Group originated in Tennessee though.", "Nah,the beach is only 30 mins away though, makes for a great escape after exams. LOL as the acronym is known today actually originated on a user messenger site called Usenet back in the early 2000s, they're a huge face-to-face communication platform now." ]

[ "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd", "German Shepherd" ]

[ "Surfing\nI love surfing,do you?", "What's the techniques?", "When was surviving introduced as sport?", "Who is the best surfer?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Surfing __knowledge__ Surfing is a surface water sport in which the wave rider, referred to as a surfer, rides on the forward or deep face of a moving wave, which is usually carrying the surfer towards the shore.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Waves suitable for surfing are primarily found in the ocean, but can also be found in lakes or in rivers in the form of a standing wave or tidal bore.", "Surfing __knowledge__ However, surfers can also utilize artificial waves such as those from boat wakes and the waves created in artificial wave pools.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The term \"surfing\" refers to the act of riding a wave, regardless of whether the wave is ridden with a board or without a board, and regardless of the stance used.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The native peoples of the Pacific, for instance, surfed waves on alaia, paipo, and other such craft, and did so on their belly and knees.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The modern-day definition of surfing, however, most often refers to a surfer riding a wave standing up on a surfboard; this is also referred to as stand-up surfing.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Another prominent form of surfing is body boarding, when a surfer rides a wave on a bodyboard, either lying on their belly, drop knee, or sometimes even standing up on a body board.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Other types of surfing include knee boarding, surf matting (riding inflatable mats), and using foils.", "Surf culture __knowledge__ Surf culture is the culture that includes the people, language, fashion, and lifestyle surrounding the sport of surfing.", "Surf culture __knowledge__ The history of surfing began with the ancient Polynesians.", "Surf culture __knowledge__ That initial culture directly influenced modern surfing, which began to flourish and evolve in the early 20th century, with its popularity spiking during the 1950s and 1960s (principally in Hawaii, Australia, and California).", "Surf culture __knowledge__ It has affected music, clothing fashion, literature, film, art, and youth jargon in popular culture' the number of surfers throughout the world continues to increase.", "Surf culture __knowledge__ Surfers' desire for the best possible waves to ride make them dependent on conditions that may change rapidly, given the unpredictable nature of weather events and their effect on the surface of the ocean.", "Spirit of Surfing __knowledge__ Spirit of Surfing is a low-key movement started by longtime surfer, Peter Cuming, in 1995 with surf elders Rob Conneelly, Nat Young and surf artist Roscoe Kermode.", "Spirit of Surfing __knowledge__ Spirit of Surfing was established as an initiative to promote the traditions of free surfing, respect for the ocean, the land and indigenous and local cultures wherever surfers are and travel, fostering community spirit and an harmonious relationship with the natural environment.", "Spirit of Surfing __knowledge__ These key messages are shared and encouraged in the water amongst surfers and through other opportunities such as festivals, forums, gatherings and local surfing communities.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ The riding of waves has likely existed since humans began swimming in the ocean.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ In this sense, bodysurfing is the oldest type of wave-catching.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ Standing up on what is now called a surfboard is a relatively recent innovation developed by the Polynesians.The influences for modern surfing can be directly traced to the surfers of pre-contact Hawaii.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ The art of surfing, known as \"heʻe ʻana\" (\"heʻe\" means \"to surf\", and \"ʻana\" is the nominilizing particle) in the Hawaiian language, was first discovered by Joseph Banks on the HMS Endeavour during the first voyage of James Cook, during the ship's stay in Tahiti.", "Surfing in Indonesia __knowledge__ With more than 13,000 islands and warm water all year, Indonesia is considered an idyllic destination for surfing.", "Surfing in Indonesia __knowledge__ The first surfer in Indonesia was the American Bob Koke who surfed the waves at Kuta Beach, Bali in the mid to late 1930s.", "Surfing in Indonesia __knowledge__ Due to World War II, Koke left Bali and surfing did not catch on again until the late 1960s and early 1970s when traveling surfers began discovering surf spots off Bali, made especially famous (although they were not named) in the classic surfing film \"Morning of the Earth\" by Albert Falzon.", "Surfing in Indonesia __knowledge__ Later Bali would become a stepping-stone for other Indonesian wave discoveries such as Nias, G-Land, and the Mentawai Islands.", "River surfing __knowledge__ River surfing is the sport of surfing either standing waves or tidal bores in rivers.", "River surfing __knowledge__ Claims for its origins include a 1955 ride of 1.5 miles along the tidal bore of the River Severn.", "River surfing __knowledge__ River surfing on standing waves has been documented as far back as the early-1970s in Munich, Germany, today offering the world's largest urban surfing spot.", "River surfing __knowledge__ In this type of river surfing, the wave is stationary on the river, caused by a high volume of water constricted by flowing over a rock and creating a wave behind.", "River surfing __knowledge__ It is a form of hydraulic jump.", "River surfing __knowledge__ A river surfer can face up-stream and catch this wave and have the feeling of traveling fast over water while not actually moving.", "Train surfing __knowledge__ Train surfing (also known as train hopping or train hitching) is the act of riding on the outside of a moving train, tram or another rail transport.", "Train surfing __knowledge__ In a number of countries, the term train hopping is often confused with the term freight hopping, which means riding on the outside of a freight train, while train surfing can be practiced on any type of train.", "Train surfing __knowledge__ This type of travelling can be dangerous and even life-threatening, because there is a risk of death or serious injury from falling off a moving train, electrocution from power supply (overhead catenary wire, current collectors, resistors, etc." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Surfing __knowledge__ Surfing is a surface water sport in which the wave rider, referred to as a surfer, rides on the forward or deep face of a moving wave, which is usually carrying the surfer towards the shore.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Waves suitable for surfing are primarily found in the ocean, but can also be found in lakes or in rivers in the form of a standing wave or tidal bore.", "Surfing __knowledge__ However, surfers can also utilize artificial waves such as those from boat wakes and the waves created in artificial wave pools.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The term \"surfing\" refers to the act of riding a wave, regardless of whether the wave is ridden with a board or without a board, and regardless of the stance used.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The native peoples of the Pacific, for instance, surfed waves on alaia, paipo, and other such craft, and did so on their belly and knees.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The modern-day definition of surfing, however, most often refers to a surfer riding a wave standing up on a surfboard; this is also referred to as stand-up surfing.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Another prominent form of surfing is body boarding, when a surfer rides a wave on a bodyboard, either lying on their belly, drop knee, or sometimes even standing up on a body board.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Other types of surfing include knee boarding, surf matting (riding inflatable mats), and using foils.", "Enhanced interrogation techniques __knowledge__ \"Enhanced interrogation techniques\" or \"enhanced interrogation\" is a euphemism for the U.S. government's program of systematic torture of detainees by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), and various components of the U.S. Armed Forces at black sites around the world, including Bagram, Guantanamo Bay, and Abu Ghraib, authorized by officials of the George W. Bush administration.", "Enhanced interrogation techniques __knowledge__ Methods used included beating, binding in contorted stress positions, hooding, subjection to deafening noise, sleep disruption, sleep deprivation to the point of hallucination, deprivation of food, drink, and withholding medical care for wounds, as well as waterboarding, walling, sexual humiliation, subjection to extreme heat or extreme cold, confinement in small coffin-like boxes, and repeated slapping.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ Hapkido ( , , also spelled hap ki do or hapki-do; from Korean \"hapgido\" ) is a highly eclectic Korean martial art.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ It is a form of self-defense that employs joint locks, grappling, and throwing techniques similar to those of other martial arts, as well as kicks, punches, and other striking attacks.", "Hapkido __knowledge__ It also teaches the use of traditional weapons, including knife, sword, rope, ssang juhl bong (nunchaku), cane (ji pang ee), short stick (dan bong), and middle-length staff (joong bong, gun (analogous to the Japanese jō), and bō (Japanese)), which vary in emphasis depending on the particular tradition examined.", "Perisai Diri __knowledge__ Perisai Diri is a Martial Arts Organization of pencak silat from Indonesia that was founded by Raden Mas Soebandiman Dirdjoatmodjo (R.M.", "Perisai Diri __knowledge__ Soebandiman Dirdjoatmodjo) on July 2, 1955, in Surabaya, East Java.", "Perisai Diri __knowledge__ The term literally means \"shield of oneself\".", "Perisai Diri __knowledge__ Raden Mas Soebandiman Dirdjoatmodjo, also known as Pak Dirdjo, was born on January 8, 1913 in the Paku Alam Palace, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.", "Perisai Diri __knowledge__ He is the first son of Raden Mas Pakoe Soedirdjo, great-grandfather of Paku Alam II.", "Perisai Diri __knowledge__ When he was 9 years old he mastered the palace's martial arts and was authorised to train his friends in the palace.", "Perisai Diri __knowledge__ In addition to learning pencak silat, he also learned traditional dance at the Palace of Paku Alam and became friends with Wasi and Bagong Kussudiardja.", "Attachment therapy __knowledge__ Attachment therapy is a controversial category of alternative child mental health interventions intended to treat attachment disorders.", "Attachment therapy __knowledge__ The term generally includes accompanying parenting techniques.", "Attachment therapy __knowledge__ Other names or particular techniques include \"the Evergreen model\", \"holding time\", \"rage-reduction\", \"compression therapy\", \"rebirthing\", \"corrective attachment therapy\" and Coercive Restraint Therapy.", "Attachment therapy __knowledge__ It is found primarily in the United States, and much of it is centered in about a dozen clinics in Evergreen, Colorado, where Foster Cline, one of the founders, established his clinic in the 1970s.", "Attachment therapy __knowledge__ This article describes this particular set of interventions although in clinical literature the term \"attachment therapy\" is sometimes used loosely to mean any intervention based on attachment theory, particularly outside the US.", "List of Danzan-ryū techniques __knowledge__ The Danzan Ryu lists differ in concept from the Kodokan Judo lists in that the techniques are taught in kata form in some applicable context, rather than simply demonstrating and enumerating a single technique.", "List of Danzan-ryū techniques __knowledge__ Deashi Hayanada, for example, is not a single technique, but a combination of Deashi Harai (foot sweep) and Tenada Shime (cross arm bar).", "List of Danzan-ryū techniques __knowledge__ Emphasis on randori may vary greatly from one dojo to the next.", "List of Danzan-ryū techniques __knowledge__ There are multiple romanizations, and many arts have more than one name.", "List of Danzan-ryū techniques __knowledge__ This article will attempt to represent the commonly used romanization variants.", "List of Danzan-ryū techniques __knowledge__ In addition, not all sources agree on the correct kanji (Japanese characters) for each technique or list.", "Jujutsu __knowledge__ Jujutsu ( ; ), better known in the West as jiu-jitsu, is a Japanese martial art and a method of close combat for defeating an armed and armored opponent in which one uses no weapon or only a short weapon.", "Jujutsu __knowledge__ \"Jū\" can be translated to mean \"gentle, soft, supple, flexible, pliable, or yielding.\"", "Jujutsu __knowledge__ \"Jutsu\" can be translated to mean \"art\" or \"technique\" and represents manipulating the opponent's force against himself rather than confronting it with one's own force.", "Jujutsu __knowledge__ Jujutsu developed to combat the samurai of feudal Japan as a method for defeating an armed and armored opponent in which one uses no weapon, or only a short weapon.", "Veritas (manhwa) __knowledge__ Veritas () is a manhwa written by Yoon Joon-sik and illustrated by Kim Dong-hoon that was produced between 2005-2010.", "Veritas (manhwa) __knowledge__ A middle-schooler named Gangryong Ma is saved one day by a man whose strength is beyond belief.", "Veritas (manhwa) __knowledge__ This man is called Lightning Tiger.", "Veritas (manhwa) __knowledge__ He teaches Gangryong a martial art known as the Enlightenment Of Thunder and Lightning (or EOTL), thereby introducing him to a world of power that will change his life forever.", "Veritas (manhwa) __knowledge__ Gangryong Ma was the boss of his middle school, getting in fistfights almost every day.", "Veritas (manhwa) __knowledge__ He thought that winning those fistfights was what it meant to be strong.", "Veritas (manhwa) __knowledge__ That all ended when he met Lightning Tiger, a man whose power dwarfed that of any man Gangryong had ever met before.", "Windsurfing __knowledge__ Windsurfing is a surface water sport that combines elements of surfing and sailing.", "Windsurfing __knowledge__ It consists of a board usually 2.5 to 3 meters long, with displacements typically between 60 and 250 litres, powered by wind on a sail.", "Windsurfing __knowledge__ The rig is connected to the board by a free-rotating universal joint and consists of a mast, boom and sail.", "Windsurfing __knowledge__ The sail area generally ranges from 2.5 m to 12 m depending on the conditions, the skill of the sailor, the type of windsurfing being undertaken and the weight of the person windsurfing.", "Windsurfing __knowledge__ Some credit S. Newman Darby with the origination of windsurfing by 1964 on the Susquehanna River, Pennsylvania, USA when he invented the \"sailboard\", which, incidentally, he did not patent.", "Kiteboarding __knowledge__ Kiteboarding is a on and above water sport combining aspects of wakeboarding, snowboarding, windsurfing, surfing, paragliding, skateboarding and sailing into one extreme sport.", "Kiteboarding __knowledge__ A kiteboarder harnesses the power of the wind with a large controllable power kite to be propelled across the water on a kiteboard similar to a wakeboard or a small surfboard, with or without footstraps or bindings.", "Kiteboarding __knowledge__ Kitesurfing is a style of kiteboarding specific to wave riding, which uses standard surfboards or boards shaped specifically for the purpose.", "Kiteboarding __knowledge__ There are different styles of kiteboarding, including freestyle, freeride, downwinders, speed, course racing, wakestyle, jumping and kitesurfing in the waves.", "List of surface water sports __knowledge__ The following is a list of surface water sports; these are sports which are performed atop a body of water.", "List of surface water sports __knowledge__ Discing (also known as \"saucering\" in New England) consists of standing on a circular wooden disc and being towed behind the boat in a manner akin to water skiing.", "List of surface water sports __knowledge__ The disc (or \"saucer\") is gripped by the feet and supports the rider by means of spreading his/her weight evenly across the water.", "List of surface water sports __knowledge__ It requires good balance, and is difficult to perform at extremely high speeds.", "List of surface water sports __knowledge__ Saucer tricks include spinning, jumping, and sharing a disk with one or more partners.", "List of surface water sports __knowledge__ Disks vary from 12 inches to 5 feet in diameter.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ The riding of waves has likely existed since humans began swimming in the ocean.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ In this sense, bodysurfing is the oldest type of wave-catching.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ Standing up on what is now called a surfboard is a relatively recent innovation developed by the Polynesians.The influences for modern surfing can be directly traced to the surfers of pre-contact Hawaii.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ The art of surfing, known as \"heʻe ʻana\" (\"heʻe\" means \"to surf\", and \"ʻana\" is the nominilizing particle) in the Hawaiian language, was first discovered by Joseph Banks on the HMS Endeavour during the first voyage of James Cook, during the ship's stay in Tahiti.", "Wave Rider __knowledge__ Wave Rider was a quarterly surfing magazine of the 1970s published out of Cocoa Beach, Florida.", "Wave Rider __knowledge__ Founded by Gunnar and John Griffin, it was launched in 1975 and ceased publication in 1982.", "Wave Rider __knowledge__ Staff photographers included Rob Battipaglia, Joaquin Garcia and Larry Marshall and also Sal Catania who was Photo Editor and staff photographer for a short period of time.", "Wave Rider __knowledge__ Reggie Hodgson was the art director in the late-1970s.", "Wave Rider __knowledge__ \"Wave Rider\" not only covered the international surfing scene but offered more inclusive coverage of the East Coast of the United States.", "Wave Rider __knowledge__ In 1976 the Griffin brothers launched a sister publication called \"Skate Rider\" as skateboarding became more popular and a demand for more complete coverage was not being met by others.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ Aquademics was a Michigan nonprofit organization established in 1990 to increase the number and presence of African American children in competitive water sports.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ In addition to sponsoring a competitive swimming team, Aquademics operated an academic support program.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ Based in Ann Arbor, Aquademics programs were open to all youth of color children, ages seven to sixteen, living in Washtenaw County.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ In operation throughout the 1990s, Aquademics formally disbanded at the turn of the 21st century.", "Aquademics __knowledge__ The Aquademics model resembled other athletics programs created in the late 1980s and 1990s, whose goal was to increase youth of color participation in sports lacking in diversity and with a history of racial exclusion." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Surfing __knowledge__ Surfing is a surface water sport in which the wave rider, referred to as a surfer, rides on the forward or deep face of a moving wave, which is usually carrying the surfer towards the shore.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Waves suitable for surfing are primarily found in the ocean, but can also be found in lakes or in rivers in the form of a standing wave or tidal bore.", "Surfing __knowledge__ However, surfers can also utilize artificial waves such as those from boat wakes and the waves created in artificial wave pools.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The term \"surfing\" refers to the act of riding a wave, regardless of whether the wave is ridden with a board or without a board, and regardless of the stance used.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The native peoples of the Pacific, for instance, surfed waves on alaia, paipo, and other such craft, and did so on their belly and knees.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The modern-day definition of surfing, however, most often refers to a surfer riding a wave standing up on a surfboard; this is also referred to as stand-up surfing.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Another prominent form of surfing is body boarding, when a surfer rides a wave on a bodyboard, either lying on their belly, drop knee, or sometimes even standing up on a body board.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Other types of surfing include knee boarding, surf matting (riding inflatable mats), and using foils.", "Colonial Theatre (New York City) __knowledge__ The Colonial Theatre in New York City was at Broadway and 62nd Street on the Upper West Side, Manhattan.", "Colonial Theatre (New York City) __knowledge__ Originally named the Colonial Music Hall, it was opened in 1905 by Fred Thompson and Elmer Dundy.", "Colonial Theatre (New York City) __knowledge__ Designed by George Keister, the theater had a seating capacity of 1,293.", "Colonial Theatre (New York City) __knowledge__ Thompson and Dundy operated the theater for only a few weeks before selling it to Percy G. Williams, who changed the name to Colonial Theatre.", "Colonial Theatre (New York City) __knowledge__ It functioned exclusively as a vaudeville house during Williams' stewardship.", "Colonial Theatre (New York City) __knowledge__ In 1912, under the management of B.F. Keith, the name was changed to Keith's Colonial Theatre.", "Colonial Theatre (New York City) __knowledge__ Five years later the theater was under the management of E.F. Albee, who renamed it the New Colonial Theatre.", "Colonial Theatre (Pittsfield, Massachusetts) __knowledge__ The Colonial Theatre is located at 111 South Street, Pittsfield, Massachusetts, in the Berkshire Mountains of western Massachusetts.", "Colonial Theatre (Pittsfield, Massachusetts) __knowledge__ Built in 1903, the theater was host to many theater greats including George M. Cohan, Sara Bernhardt, John Barrymore, Eubie Blake, Douglas Fairbanks Sr., Billie Burke, John Phillips Sousa and the Ziegfeld Follies.", "Colonial Theatre (Pittsfield, Massachusetts) __knowledge__ The theater was designed by Pittsfield architect Joseph McArthur Vance along with J.B. McElfatrick.", "Colonial Theatre (Pittsfield, Massachusetts) __knowledge__ Its ornate turn-of-the 20th century interior has been well preserved by its various owners.", "Colonial Theatre (Pittsfield, Massachusetts) __knowledge__ Although the theater was closed in 1951, its grandeur had been protected through the years by George Miller and his son, Steven.", "Colonial Theatre (Phoenixville, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The Colonial Theatre is located in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania at 227 Bridge Street.", "Colonial Theatre (Phoenixville, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ Built in 1903, the \"Colonial Opera House\" became a preeminent venue for movies, traveling shows, and live entertainment throughout the 20th century.", "Colonial Theatre (Phoenixville, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The three-screen venue consists of the original 658-seat ‘vaudeville house’ and two newer additional theatres in the adjacent National Bank of Phoenixville building (c.1925).", "Colonial Theatre (Phoenixville, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ Originating as a Beaux-Arts style renovation by architect, Harry Brownback in 1903, the Colonial Theatre was first home to traveling vaudeville acts, live stage shows and musicals.", "Colonial Theatre (Phoenixville, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The first stage show, \"The Beauty Doctor\", debuted in 1903 starring, Fred E. Wright.", "Colonial Theatre (Boston) __knowledge__ The Colonial Theatre, opened in 1900, is the oldest continually-operating theatre in Boston, Massachusetts, United States.", "Colonial Theatre (Boston) __knowledge__ Designed by the architectural firm of Clarence Blackall and paid for by Frederick Lothrop Ames, Jr., the theatre first opened its doors for a performance of \"Ben-Hur\" on December 20, 1900.", "Colonial Theatre (Boston) __knowledge__ \"Ben-Hur\" operated with a cast and crew of 350 people and featured eight live horses on stage in full gallop during the chariot race scene.", "Colonial Theatre (Boston) __knowledge__ The play was so mechanically and technically extraordinary, it was featured on the cover of Scientific American.", "Colonial Theatre (Boston) __knowledge__ It is located at 106 Boylston Street on Boston Common at the former site of the Boston Public Library.", "Colonial Theatre (Bethlehem, New Hampshire) __knowledge__ The Colonial Theatre in Bethlehem, New Hampshire, is a historic movie theater built in 1915 and one of the oldest continuously operating movie theaters in the United States.", "Colonial Theatre (Bethlehem, New Hampshire) __knowledge__ When the Colonial opened its doors, the era of the grand hotels was in full swing and Bethlehem was a premier destination resort town.", "Colonial Theatre (Bethlehem, New Hampshire) __knowledge__ Because of its sophisticated clientele the Colonial quickly became a venue for movie studios to test market their films.", "Colonial Theatre (Bethlehem, New Hampshire) __knowledge__ It was designed in the Egyptian Revival style by Francis J. Kennard of Tampa, Florida.", "Colonial Theatre (Bethlehem, New Hampshire) __knowledge__ The Colonial Theatre is located at 2050 Main Street and was built by Karl Abbott, scion of Bethlehem hotelier Frank Abbott.", "Pittsfield, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Pittsfield is the largest city and the county seat of Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States.", "Pittsfield, Massachusetts __knowledge__ It is the principal city of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of Berkshire County.", "Pittsfield, Massachusetts __knowledge__ The population was 44,737 at the 2010 census.", "Pittsfield, Massachusetts __knowledge__ Although the population has declined in recent decades, Pittsfield remains the fourth largest municipality in western Massachusetts, behind only Springfield, Holyoke, and Chicopee.", "Pittsfield, Massachusetts __knowledge__ In 2005, Farmers Insurance ranked Pittsfield 20th in the United States as \"Most Secure Place To Live\" among small towns with fewer than 150,000 residents.", "Colonial Theatre (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ Colonial Theatre, also known as the Lochiel Hotel, is a historic theater and commercial building located at Harrisburg, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.", "Colonial Theatre (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The building consists of a five-story, brick and frame front section and a rear brick and frame auditorium.", "Colonial Theatre (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The original Colonial Theatre was built about 1836, as a hotel in the Greek Revival style and featured a four columned portico on the Market Street entrance.", "Colonial Theatre (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ It was subsequently modified in form and use a number of times.", "Colonial Theatre (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ In the 1870s, a mansard roof was added.", "Colonial Theatre (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) __knowledge__ The rear auditorium was added in 1912, when the building was converted from a hotel to hotel and movie / vaudeville theater.", "Surf culture __knowledge__ Surf culture is the culture that includes the people, language, fashion, and lifestyle surrounding the sport of surfing.", "Surf culture __knowledge__ The history of surfing began with the ancient Polynesians.", "Surf culture __knowledge__ That initial culture directly influenced modern surfing, which began to flourish and evolve in the early 20th century, with its popularity spiking during the 1950s and 1960s (principally in Hawaii, Australia, and California).", "Surf culture __knowledge__ It has affected music, clothing fashion, literature, film, art, and youth jargon in popular culture' the number of surfers throughout the world continues to increase.", "Surf culture __knowledge__ Surfers' desire for the best possible waves to ride make them dependent on conditions that may change rapidly, given the unpredictable nature of weather events and their effect on the surface of the ocean.", "Sea __knowledge__ A sea is a large body of salt water that is surrounded in whole or in part by land.", "Sea __knowledge__ More broadly, \"the sea\" is the interconnected system of Earth's salty, oceanic waters—considered as one global ocean or as several principal oceanic divisions.", "Sea __knowledge__ The sea moderates Earth's climate and has important roles in the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle.", "Sea __knowledge__ Although the sea has been traveled and explored since prehistory, the modern scientific study of the sea—oceanography—dates broadly to the British \"Challenger\" expedition of the 1870s.", "Sea __knowledge__ The sea is conventionally divided into up to five large oceanic sections—including the International Hydrographic Organization's four named oceans (the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Arctic) and the Southern Ocean; smaller, second-order sections, such as the Mediterranean, are known as \"seas\".", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth is a major port city in the U.S. state of Minnesota and the county seat of Saint Louis County.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth has a population of 86,293 and is the second-largest city on Lake Superior's shores, after Thunder Bay, Ontario, in Canada; it has the largest metropolitan area on the lake.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ The Duluth MSA had a population of 279,771 in 2010, the second-largest in Minnesota.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Situated on the north shore of Lake Superior at the westernmost point of the Great Lakes, Duluth is accessible to oceangoing vessels from the Atlantic Ocean away via the Great Lakes Waterway and the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "Duluth, Minnesota __knowledge__ Duluth forms a metropolitan area with neighboring Superior, Wisconsin, called the Twin Ports.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ The riding of waves has likely existed since humans began swimming in the ocean.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ In this sense, bodysurfing is the oldest type of wave-catching.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ Standing up on what is now called a surfboard is a relatively recent innovation developed by the Polynesians.The influences for modern surfing can be directly traced to the surfers of pre-contact Hawaii.", "History of surfing __knowledge__ The art of surfing, known as \"heʻe ʻana\" (\"heʻe\" means \"to surf\", and \"ʻana\" is the nominilizing particle) in the Hawaiian language, was first discovered by Joseph Banks on the HMS Endeavour during the first voyage of James Cook, during the ship's stay in Tahiti.", "River surfing __knowledge__ River surfing is the sport of surfing either standing waves or tidal bores in rivers.", "River surfing __knowledge__ Claims for its origins include a 1955 ride of 1.5 miles along the tidal bore of the River Severn.", "River surfing __knowledge__ River surfing on standing waves has been documented as far back as the early-1970s in Munich, Germany, today offering the world's largest urban surfing spot.", "River surfing __knowledge__ In this type of river surfing, the wave is stationary on the river, caused by a high volume of water constricted by flowing over a rock and creating a wave behind.", "River surfing __knowledge__ It is a form of hydraulic jump.", "River surfing __knowledge__ A river surfer can face up-stream and catch this wave and have the feeling of traveling fast over water while not actually moving.", "Surfboard __knowledge__ A surfboard is an elongated platform used in the sport of surfing.", "Surfboard __knowledge__ Surfboards are relatively light, but are strong enough to support an individual standing on them while riding an ocean surface wave breaking wave.", "Surfboard __knowledge__ They were invented in ancient Hawaii, where they were known as \"papa he'e nalu\" in the Hawaiian language, they were usually made of wood from local trees, such as koa, and were often over in length and extremely heavy.", "Surfboard __knowledge__ Major advances over the years include the addition of one or more fins on the bottom rear of the board to improve directional stability, and numerous improvements in materials and shape." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Surfing __knowledge__ Surfing is a surface water sport in which the wave rider, referred to as a surfer, rides on the forward or deep face of a moving wave, which is usually carrying the surfer towards the shore.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Waves suitable for surfing are primarily found in the ocean, but can also be found in lakes or in rivers in the form of a standing wave or tidal bore.", "Surfing __knowledge__ However, surfers can also utilize artificial waves such as those from boat wakes and the waves created in artificial wave pools.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The term \"surfing\" refers to the act of riding a wave, regardless of whether the wave is ridden with a board or without a board, and regardless of the stance used.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The native peoples of the Pacific, for instance, surfed waves on alaia, paipo, and other such craft, and did so on their belly and knees.", "Surfing __knowledge__ The modern-day definition of surfing, however, most often refers to a surfer riding a wave standing up on a surfboard; this is also referred to as stand-up surfing.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Another prominent form of surfing is body boarding, when a surfer rides a wave on a bodyboard, either lying on their belly, drop knee, or sometimes even standing up on a body board.", "Surfing __knowledge__ Other types of surfing include knee boarding, surf matting (riding inflatable mats), and using foils.", "Silver Surfer __knowledge__ The Silver Surfer is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Silver Surfer __knowledge__ The character also appears in a number of movies, television, and video game adaptations.", "Silver Surfer __knowledge__ The character was created by Jack Kirby, and first appeared in the comic book \"Fantastic Four\" #48, published in 1966.", "Silver Surfer __knowledge__ The Silver Surfer is a humanoid with metallic skin who can travel space with the aid of his surfboard-like craft.", "Silver Surfer __knowledge__ Originally a young astronomer named Norrin Radd on the planet Zenn-La, he saved his homeworld from the planet devourer, Galactus, by serving as his herald.", "Silver Surfer __knowledge__ Imbued in return with a tiny portion of Galactus's Power Cosmic, Radd acquired vast power, a new body and a surfboard-like craft on which he could travel faster than light.", "John John Florence __knowledge__ John \"John\" Alexander Florence (born 18 October 1992 ) is an American professional surfer.", "John John Florence __knowledge__ He is known as \"one of the most dominant Pipe surfers of his era\" and has most recently won the title of 2017 World Surf League Men's Champion, thus naming him the best surfer in the world.", "John John Florence __knowledge__ He is the first Hawaiian champion since 3 times world champion Andy Irons.", "John John Florence __knowledge__ Born in Honolulu, Hawaii, as the oldest of three children, Florence grew up in Hale'iwa in an ocean-side house at Banzai Pipeline.", "John John Florence __knowledge__ He resides with his mother, Alexandra, and his two younger brothers Nathan and Ivan.", "John John Florence __knowledge__ He was introduced to surfing by Alexandra, who is a surfer herself.", "Andy Irons __knowledge__ Philip Andrew Irons (July 24, 1978November 2, 2010) was an American professional surfer.", "Andy Irons __knowledge__ Irons learned to surf on the dangerous and shallow reefs of the North Shore in Kauai, Hawaii.", "Andy Irons __knowledge__ Over the course of his professional career, he won three world titles (2002, 2003, 2004), three Quiksilver Pro France titles (2003, 2004, 2005), two Rip Curl Pro Search titles (2006 and 2007) and 20 elite tour victories including the Vans Triple Crown of Surfing four times from 2002-2006.", "Andy Irons __knowledge__ On September 3, 2010 he won the Billabong Pro Teahupoo in Tahiti.", "Andy Irons __knowledge__ He and his family hosted the Annual Irons Brothers Pinetrees Classic, a contest for youngsters.", "Stoked (TV series) __knowledge__ Stoked (stylized as \"Stōked\") is a Canadian animated series produced by Fresh TV that premiered on Teletoon on June 25, 2009 and ended on January 26, 2013.", "Stoked (TV series) __knowledge__ It airs on Teletoon in Canada and ABC3 in Australia, and on Cartoon Network in the United States.", "Stoked (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is from the same creators as \"6teen\" and the \"Total Drama\" series.", "Stoked (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Stoked\" is a character driven animated situational comedy about a group of groms who come together one summer on legendary Surfer's Paradise Hotel, British Columbia, to experience the ultimate surfer's dream — the endless summer.", "Stoked (TV series) __knowledge__ Emma, Reef and Fin join locals Broseph, Lo, her brothers George and Ty, and Johnny to work at the world-renowned Surfer's Paradise Ridgemount Resort, stoked to have the summer of their lives.", "Mark Richards (surfer) __knowledge__ Mark Richards (born 7 March 1957), known as MR, is an Australian surfer, four time world champion (1979–1982), and highly respected by his peers.", "Mark Richards (surfer) __knowledge__ Richards was born and grew up in Newcastle, son of Ray and Val Richards, both keen beachgoers.", "Mark Richards (surfer) __knowledge__ They worked at the Wire Rope Works, Ray Richards as an accountant, but he wanted more than that career could offer and started a business selling second-hand cars, at a time when new cars were too expensive for most people.", "Mark Richards (surfer) __knowledge__ Together they set up a showroom at the end of Hunter St and lived in an apartment above it.", "Mark Richards (surfer) __knowledge__ In the late 1950s Ray saw the new balsa and fibreglass mailbu surfboards, which Greg Noll and other visiting Californians had brought with them in 1956.", "Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer __knowledge__ Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer (stylized as 4: Rise of the Silver Surfer) is a 2007 superhero film, based on the Marvel Comics superhero team the Fantastic Four.", "Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer __knowledge__ A sequel to the 2005 film \"Fantastic Four\", the film is directed by Tim Story.", "Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer __knowledge__ Ioan Gruffudd as Reed Richards / Mister Fantastic, Jessica Alba as Sue Storm / Invisible Woman, Chris Evans as Johnny Storm / Human Torch, and Michael Chiklis as Ben Grimm / The Thing are the film series' recurring protagonists, while Julian McMahon and Kerry Washington reprise their roles from the first film as Dr. Victor Von Doom / Doctor Doom and Alicia Masters, respectively.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ What Price Confidence?", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ (translated as \"Vertrauenssache\") is a chamber opera in nine scenes with music and libretto by Ernst Krenek, his Op.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ 111.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ This \"little drawing room comedy\" is set in London at the turn of the 20th century, and features a protagonist not unlike Max in \"Jonny spielt auf\", as the author points out in a preface; it owes something to Melville as well (specifically \"The Confidence-Man\"), as do his next two operas.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ Composed during the winter of 1944–45 in St. Paul, it was Krenek's second attempt at an American opera and employed only four singers and piano.", "What Price Confidence? __knowledge__ It shared the fate of \"Tarquin\" in only reaching a belated premiere in Germany (Saarbrücken, 23 May 1962), but this time Krenek was sufficiently satisfied with his work to publish it with Bärenreiter (BA 4301), remarking that the Met singers who requested a touring piece simply couldn't find time for a hoped-for performance.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Markus Haris Maulana or Muhammad Haris Maulana (born Markus Horison Ririhina on 14 March 1981 in Pangkalan Brandan, North Sumatra) is an Indonesian footballer who currently plays for Assalam FC in Liga Futebol Amadora.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He is a goalkeeper and he stands 183 cm.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He was the main goalkeeper of the Indonesia national football team.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ His debut in the Senior National Team Squad came in a friendly match Indonesia against Hongkong on 1 June 2007, which Indonesia won the match 3–0.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ He played one time in Asian Cup 2007 for Indonesia's match against South Korea on 18 July 2007.", "Markus Haris Maulana __knowledge__ Indonesia lost 0–1 in this game.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Mahesh Chandra Regmi (December 1929 – July 2003) was a historian and archivist of Nepal.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ In 1977, became the first Nepali to receive the Ramon Magsaysay Award, Asia's most renowned award, for creating the Research Series.", "Mahesh Chandra Regmi __knowledge__ Regmi was awarded the prestigious Ramon Magsaysay Award in 1977 for recognition of his“chronicling of Nepal’s past and present, enabling his people to discover their origins anddelineating national options.” The citation presented to him on that occasion can be found atwww.rmaf.org.ph/Awardees/Citation/CitationRegmiMah.htm In honor of the contributions made by Regmi to the scholarship on Nepal, the Kathmandu-based academic NGO Social Science Baha instituted the annual Mahesh C. Regmi lecture series in 2003, the first of which was attended by Regmi himself, just weeks before his death.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Lieutenant Ralph Clark (30 March 1755 or 1762 – June 1794) was a British officer in the Royal Marines, best known for his diary spanning the early years of British settlement in Australia, including the voyage of the First Fleet.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, Clark saw service in the American Revolutionary War before volunteering for the voyage to Australia.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Arriving in New South Wales in January 1788, he filled a number of roles in the newly established colony, including serving on picket duty, guarding convicts, and on the Criminal Court.", "Ralph Clark __knowledge__ Having been temporarily promoted to the rank of first lieutenant, Clark was sent to Norfolk Island aboard HMS \"Sirius\" in March 1790, which was subsequently wrecked off the island's coast.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Percy Romeo Miller, Jr. (born August 19, 1989), better known by his stage name Maserati Rome or simply Rome (formerly Lil' Romeo and Romeo) or his acting/business name Romeo Miller, is an American rapper, actor, basketball player, entrepreneur, and model.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller is the son of hip hop artist Master P. Miller has founded the record labels Guttar Music, Take A Stand, The Next Generation and his current label No Limit Forever.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller gained fame in the early 2000s after signing with No Limit Records, his father's label at the time, with the help of his debut single \"My Baby\" which went on to be certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 63, 31 ]

[ "Yes buddy , it is good water sport and the wave rider", "waves sutiable for surfing are primarily found in the ocean and also in lakes", "I dont know extratly, It is oldest type of wave catching", "I think it is mark richards , four time world champion. and a austrailian surfer." ]

[ "Surfing", "Surfing", "Surfing", "Surfing" ]

[ "Game of Thrones", "i have watched a few episodes! i liked it", "oh cool, i like some of his other work too", "thats really cool, i love fantasy and sci fi" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "Forever (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Forever is an American fantasy crime drama television series that aired on ABC as part of the 2014–15 fall television season.", "Forever (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Created by Matt Miller, it centers on the character of Dr. Henry Morgan, an immortal New York City medical examiner who uses his extensive knowledge to assist the New York City Police Department (NYPD) in solving crimes and to discover a way to end his immortality.", "Forever (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Flashbacks within each episode reveal various details of Henry's life.", "Forever (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ The series' network aired a sneak preview on September 22, 2014, and resumed the series at 10 p.m. EST on September 23, 2014.", "Forever (U.S. TV series) __knowledge__ Reception of the series was mixed.", "Friends __knowledge__ Friends (stylized as F•R•I•E•N•D•S) is an American television sitcom, created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, which aired on NBC from September 22, 1994, to May 6, 2004, lasting ten seasons.", "Friends __knowledge__ With an ensemble cast starring Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry and David Schwimmer, the show revolves around six 20–30-something friends living in Manhattan.", "Friends __knowledge__ The series was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions, in association with Warner Bros. Television.", "Friends __knowledge__ The original executive producers were Kevin S. Bright, Marta Kauffman, and David Crane.", "Friends __knowledge__ Kauffman and Crane began developing \"Friends\" under the title \"Insomnia Cafe\" between November and December 1993.", "Doctor Who (series 5) __knowledge__ The fifth series of British science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\" began on 3 April 2010 with \"The Eleventh Hour\" and ended with \"The Big Bang\" on 26 June 2010.", "Doctor Who (series 5) __knowledge__ The series was led by head writer and executive producer Steven Moffat, who took over after Russell T Davies, who ended his involvement with the show after \"The End of Time\".", "Doctor Who (series 5) __knowledge__ The series comprises 13 episodes, six of which Moffat wrote.", "Doctor Who (series 5) __knowledge__ Piers Wenger and Beth Willis served with Moffat as executive producers, while Tracie Simpson and Peter Bennett served as producers.", "Doctor Who (series 5) __knowledge__ Though it is the fifth series since the show's revival in 2005 and the thirty-first since it began in 1963, the largely new production team led to the series production codes being reset.", "Degrassi: The Next Generation __knowledge__ Degrassi: The Next Generation (later renamed Degrassi for seasons ten through fourteen) is a Canadian teen drama television series set in the \"Degrassi\" universe, which was created by Linda Schuyler and Kit Hood in 1979.", "Degrassi: The Next Generation __knowledge__ It is the fourth series in the \"Degrassi\" franchise, following \"The Kids of Degrassi Street\", \"Degrassi Junior High\", and \"Degrassi High\".", "Degrassi: The Next Generation __knowledge__ Like its predecessors, the series follows an ensemble cast of students at the fictional Degrassi Community School who face various challenges often seen as taboo such as sex, teen pregnancy, bullying, date rape, drug abuse, body image, homosexuality, domestic violence, gang violence, self-injury, suicide, abortion, mental disorders, death and many other issues.", "There's No Place Like Home __knowledge__ \"There's No Place Like Home, Parts 1, 2 & 3\" is the season finale of the American Broadcasting Company's fourth season of the serial drama television series \"Lost\", consisting of the 12th through 14th episodes.", "There's No Place Like Home __knowledge__ They are also the 84th through 86th episodes of the show overall.", "There's No Place Like Home __knowledge__ The three constituent episodes were split into two broadcasts; \"Part 1\" first aired on May 15, 2008, and \"Part 2\", serving as the two-hour season finale of the fourth season, first aired on May 29, 2008, on ABC in the United States and on CTV in Canada.", "There's No Place Like Home __knowledge__ The episodes were written by executive producers/show runners Carlton Cuse and Damon Lindelof; \"Part 1\" was directed by co-executive producer Stephen Williams, while executive producer Jack Bender directed \"Part 2\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Pilot (The Flash) __knowledge__ \"Pilot\" is the first episode of The CW series \"The Flash\".", "Pilot (The Flash) __knowledge__ The episode was written by Andrew Kreisberg and Geoff Johns, based on a story by Greg Berlanti, Kreisberg, and Johns, and directed by David Nutter.", "Pilot (The Flash) __knowledge__ It was first broadcast on October 7, 2014, on The CW.", "Pilot (The Flash) __knowledge__ The show is a spin-off from \"Arrow\" where many of the characters in \"The Flash\" were introduced during its second season.", "Pilot (The Flash) __knowledge__ The episode revolves around Barry Allen (Grant Gustin), a forensic scientist working for the Central City Police Department.", "Pilot (The Flash) __knowledge__ On the night of the launch of a particle accelerator, a malfunction causes it to explode during a storm.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ \"Game of Thrones\" is an American fantasy drama television series created for HBO by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The story takes place on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, it has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc follows a dynastic conflict among competing claimants for succession to the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms, with other noble families fighting for independence from the throne.", "List of awards and nominations received by Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second covers attempts to reclaim the throne by the exiled last scion of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty; the third chronicles the threat of the impending winter and the legendary creatures and fierce peoples of the North.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" novels feature a sizable cast of characters.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ The series follows three interwoven plotlines: a dynastic war for control of Westeros by several families; the rising threat of the superhuman Others beyond Westeros's northern border; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen, the exiled heir of the previous ruling dynasty.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Each chapter is narrated in the third person limited point of view through the eyes of a single character.", "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters __knowledge__ Beginning with nine POV characters in \"A Game of Thrones\" (1996), the number grows to thirty-one by \"A Dance with Dragons\" (2011).", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The following is a list of works based on \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", the series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin wrote three separate novellas set ninety years before the events of the novels.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ These novellas are known as the \"Tales of Dunk and Egg\" after the main protagonists, Ser Duncan the Tall and his squire \"Egg\", the later King Aegon V Targaryen.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The stories have no direct connection to the plot of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", although both characters are mentioned in \"A Storm of Swords\" and \"A Feast For Crows\", respectively.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The novellas were published in short story anthologies: The unfinished series of novellas is to continue to be published in a series of collections entitled \"A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms\".", "Jon Snow (character) __knowledge__ Jon Snow is a fictional character in the \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin, and its television adaptation \"Game of Thrones\".", "Jon Snow (character) __knowledge__ He is a prominent point of view character in the novels, and has been called one of the author's \"finest creations\" and most popular characters by \"The New York Times\".", "Jon Snow (character) __knowledge__ Jon is a main character in the TV series, and his storyline in the 2015 season 5 finale generated a strong reaction among viewers.", "Jon Snow (character) __knowledge__ Speculation about the character's parentage has also been a popular topic of discussion among fans of both the books and the TV series.", "Once Upon a Time (TV series) __knowledge__ Once Upon a Time is an American fantasy drama television series that premiered on October 23, 2011, on ABC.", "Once Upon a Time (TV series) __knowledge__ The show follows various fairy-tale characters who were transported to the real world and robbed of their original memories by a powerful curse.", "Once Upon a Time (TV series) __knowledge__ The first six seasons were set in the fictitious seaside town of Storybrooke, Maine, with Emma Swan as the lead character, while the seventh takes place in a Seattle, Washington neighborhood called Hyperion Heights, with a new main narrative led by an adult Henry Mills.", "Once Upon a Time (TV series) __knowledge__ It borrows elements and characters from the Disney franchise and popular Western literature, folklore, and fairy tales." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "Uma Thurman (song) __knowledge__ \"Uma Thurman\" is a song by American rock band Fall Out Boy, released digitally on January 12, 2015.", "Uma Thurman (song) __knowledge__ The song prominently features sampled theme music from the television series \"The Munsters\" (1964–66) and lyrics celebrating the character actress Uma Thurman, famous for films such as \"Pulp Fiction\" and \"Kill Bill\".", "Uma Thurman (song) __knowledge__ The song was the fifth digital track released in build up to the band's 2015 album, \"American Beauty/American Psycho\".", "Uma Thurman (song) __knowledge__ The song was released to modern rock radio as the album's third single (second in the U.S.) in early February.", "Uma Thurman (song) __knowledge__ On March 31, 2015, \"Uma Thurman\" was released as the album's second U.S. Top 40 single.", "Go-ongers __knowledge__ The are the fictional eponymous protagonists of the Japanese Super Sentai series \"Engine Sentai Go-onger\".", "Go-ongers __knowledge__ To become a Go-onger, each member was chosen by fictional sentient vehicles known as Engines to battle the evil Barbaric Machine Clan Ong'er also stands for those Kenyans who believe everything they are fed by the 37 dimwits.", "Go-ongers __knowledge__ The main team based out of the RV known as , named after Saki's family dog, the Go-onger team is composed of the core three and two back-up members who support the main team.", "Go-ongers __knowledge__ Each of the Go-ongers has his/her own role call phrase and a nickname (emblazoned on their \"civilian\" clothing) before the group says , saying \"Checker Flag\" whenever they win thus finishing the episode usually still wearing their suits without theIr helmets.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Two anime adaptations were produced; one by Toei Animation, which aired from April 4, 1998 to October 10, 1998, and another produced by NAS and animated by Studio Gallop titled \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Duel Monsters\", which aired between April 2000 and September 2004.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ The manga series has spawned a franchise that includes multiple spin-off manga and anime series, a trading card game, and numerous video games.", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ Most of the incarnations of the franchise involve the fictional trading card game known as \"Duel Monsters\", where each player uses cards to \"duel\" each other in a mock battle of fantasy \"monsters\".", "Yu-Gi-Oh! __knowledge__ This forms the basis for the real life \"Yu-Gi-Oh!", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "History of Oklahoma __knowledge__ The history of Oklahoma refers to the history of the state of Oklahoma and the land that the state now occupies.", "History of Oklahoma __knowledge__ Areas of Oklahoma east of its panhandle were acquired in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803, while the Panhandle was not acquired until the U.S. land acquisitions following the Mexican–American War.", "History of Oklahoma __knowledge__ Most of Oklahoma was set aside as Indian Territory before the Civil War.", "History of Oklahoma __knowledge__ It was opened for general settlement around 1890—the \"Sooners\" were settlers who jumped the gun.", "History of Oklahoma __knowledge__ Statehood came to the poor ranching and farming state in Oklahoma, but soon oil was discovered and new wealth poured in.", "History of Oklahoma __knowledge__ Historians David Baird and Danny Goble have searched for the essence of the historical experiences of the people of Oklahoma.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Richard Martin (born George Raymond Martin; September 20, 1948), often referred to as George R. R. Martin, is an American novelist and short-story writer in the fantasy, horror, and science fiction genres, screenwriter, and television producer.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ He is best known for his series of epic fantasy novels, \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", which was later adapted into the HBO series \"Game of Thrones\" (2011–present).", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ In 2005, Lev Grossman of \"Time\" called Martin \"the American Tolkien\", and in 2011, he was included on the annual \"Time\" 100 list of the most influential people in the world.", "George R. R. Martin __knowledge__ George Raymond Martin (he later adopted the confirmation name Richard at 13 years old) was born on September 20, 1948, in Bayonne, New Jersey, the son of longshoreman Raymond Collins Martin and his wife Margaret Brady Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A Song of Ice and Fire is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He began the first volume of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", in 1991 and had it published in 1996.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin, who initially envisioned the series as a trilogy, has published five out of a planned seven volumes.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The fifth and most recent volume of the series published in 2011, \"A Dance with Dragons\", took Martin six years to write.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ He is still writing the sixth novel, \"The Winds of Winter\".", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place on the fictional continents Westeros and Essos.", "A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The point of view of each chapter in the story is a limited perspective of a range of characters growing from nine, in the first novel, to thirty-one by the fifth.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Elements of the supernatural and the fantastic were an element of literature from its beginning.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ The modern genre is distinguished from tales and folklore, that contain fantastic elements, by firstly the acknowledged fictitious nature of the work, and secondly the naming an author.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Works in which the marvels were not necessarily believed, or only half-believed, such as the European romances of chivalry and the tales of the \"Arabian Nights\", slowly evolved into works with such traits.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Authors like George MacDonald (1824 –1905) created the first explicitly fantastic works.", "History of fantasy __knowledge__ Later, in the twentieth century, the publication of \"The Lord of the Rings\" by J. R. R. Tolkien enormously influenced fantasy writing, establishing the form of epic fantasy.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" is an ongoing series of epic fantasy novels by American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The first installment of the series, \"A Game of Thrones\", which was originally planned as a trilogy, was published in 1996.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series now consists of five published volumes, and two more volumes are planned.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The series is told in the third-person through the eyes of a number of point of view characters.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ A television series adaptation, \"Game of Thrones\", premiered on HBO in 2011.", "Themes in A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" takes place in a fictional world, primarily on a continent called Westeros, and additionally on a large landmass to the east, known as Essos.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The following is a list of works based on \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", the series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ Martin wrote three separate novellas set ninety years before the events of the novels.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ These novellas are known as the \"Tales of Dunk and Egg\" after the main protagonists, Ser Duncan the Tall and his squire \"Egg\", the later King Aegon V Targaryen.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The stories have no direct connection to the plot of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", although both characters are mentioned in \"A Storm of Swords\" and \"A Feast For Crows\", respectively.", "Works based on A Song of Ice and Fire __knowledge__ The novellas were published in short story anthologies: The unfinished series of novellas is to continue to be published in a series of collections entitled \"A Knight of the Seven Kingdoms\".", "Fantasy literature __knowledge__ Fantasy literature is set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world.", "Fantasy literature __knowledge__ Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds.", "Fantasy literature __knowledge__ Fantasy is a subgenre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these genres overlap.", "Fantasy literature __knowledge__ Historically, most works of fantasy were written, however, since the 1960s, a growing segment of the fantasy genre has taken the form of films, television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Game of Thrones is an American fantasy drama television series created by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is an adaptation of \"A Song of Ice and Fire\", George R. R. Martin's series of fantasy novels, the first of which is \"A Game of Thrones\".", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ It is filmed in Belfast and elsewhere in the United Kingdom, Canada, Croatia, Iceland, Malta, Morocco, Spain, and the United States.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series premiered on HBO in the United States on April 17, 2011, and its seventh season ended on August 27, 2017.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The series will conclude with its eighth season premiering in 2019.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ Set on the fictional continents of Westeros and Essos, \"Game of Thrones\" has several plot lines and a large ensemble cast but centers on three primary story arcs.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The first story arc centers on the Iron Throne of the Seven Kingdoms and follows a web of alliances and conflicts among the dynastic noble families either vying to claim the throne or fighting for independence from the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The second story arc focuses on the last descendant of the realm's deposed ruling dynasty, exiled and plotting a return to the throne.", "Game of Thrones __knowledge__ The third story arc centers on the longstanding brotherhood charged with defending the realm against the ancient threats of the fierce peoples and legendary creatures that lie far north, and an impending winter that threatens the realm.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ Stargate SG-1 (often abbreviated as SG-1) is a military science fiction adventure television series and part of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's \"Stargate\" franchise.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The show, created by Brad Wright and Jonathan Glassner, is based on the 1994 science fiction film \"Stargate\" by Dean Devlin and Roland Emmerich.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The television series was filmed in and around the city of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ The series premiered on Showtime on July 27, 1997 and moved to the Sci Fi Channel on June 7, 2002; the final episode first aired on Sky1 on March 13, 2007.", "Stargate SG-1 __knowledge__ With 214 episodes over ten seasons, \"Stargate SG-1\" had surpassed \"The X-Files\" as the longest-running North American science fiction television series, until it was surpassed by the series \"Smallville\" in 2011.", "Syfy __knowledge__ Syfy (formerly Sci-Fi Channel and Sci Fi) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment Group division of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast.", "Syfy __knowledge__ The channel features science fiction, fantasy, horror, supernatural, paranormal, drama, and reality programming.", "Syfy __knowledge__ Syfy is available to 92.4 million households in America.", "Syfy __knowledge__ In 1989, Boca Raton, Florida, communications attorney Mitchell Rubenstein and his wife Laurie Silvers devised the concept for the Sci-Fi Channel, and planned to have it begin broadcasting in December 1990, but lacked the resources to launch it.", "Sanctuary (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the Canadian science fiction–fantasy television series \"Sanctuary\" premiered on the Sci Fi Channel in the United States on October 3, 2008, and concluded on ITV4 in the United Kingdom on January 5, 2009, after 13 episodes.", "Sanctuary (season 1) __knowledge__ It follows the actions of a secret organization known as the Sanctuary, who track down a series of creatures known as abnormals, and then bring them to the Sanctuary for refuge.", "Sanctuary (season 1) __knowledge__ The main story arc of the season involves the Sanctuary working against the Cabal, an organization who seek to control all abnormals for their own gain.", "Sanctuary (season 1) __knowledge__ Amanda Tapping, Robin Dunne, Emilie Ullerup, and Christopher Heyerdahl are billed in the opening credits as the main cast.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The Vampire Diaries is an American supernatural drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec, based on the popular book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The series premiered on The CW on September 10, 2009, and concluded on March 10, 2017, airing 171 episodes over eight seasons.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The first season averaged 3.60 million viewers.", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ It was the most-watched series on the network before being supplanted by \"Arrow\".", "The Vampire Diaries __knowledge__ The show has received numerous award nominations, winning four People's Choice Award and many Teen Choice Awards.", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ \"Doctor Who\" in Canada and the United States refers to the broadcast history of the long-running British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\" in those countries.", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ \"Doctor Who\" had an early Canadian connection.", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The series was conceived by Canadian expatriate Sydney Newman while he was the BBC's Head of Drama.", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The series may have been inspired by a short-lived segment (canceled because parents complained that it was \"too frightening\" for their children) on the Canadian version of \"Howdy Doody\".", "Doctor Who in Canada and the United States __knowledge__ The segment featured a character surprisingly similar to the Doctor, a puppet called Mr. X who traveled through time and space in his \"Whatsis Box\" teaching children about history.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ Battlestar Galactica (BSG) is an American military science fiction television series, and part of the \"Battlestar Galactica\" franchise.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The show was developed by Ronald D. Moore and executive produced by Moore and David Eick as a re-imagining of the 1978 \"Battlestar Galactica\" television series created by Glen A. Larson.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series first aired as a three-hour miniseries (comprising four broadcast hours) in December 2003 on the Sci-Fi Channel, and ran for four seasons thereafter, ending its run on March 20, 2009.", "Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) __knowledge__ The series features Edward James Olmos and Mary McDonnell, and garnered a wide range of critical acclaim, which included a Peabody Award, the Television Critics Association's Program of the Year Award, a placement inside \"Time\"s 100 Best TV Shows of All-Time, and Emmy nominations for its writing, directing, costume design, visual effects, sound mixing, and sound editing, with Emmy wins for both visual effects and sound editing.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ Sci-Fi on the Rock is an annual science fiction, fantasy and horror festival held in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ It was founded by Darren Hann and Melanie Collins in mid-to-late 2006, and held its first festival in 2007.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ It began in 2007 at the Hotel Mount Pearl, moving on to be housed in the Holiday Inn in St. John's as of April 2008.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ The convention made another move in 2016 to the Sheraton Hotel Newfoundland.", "Sci-Fi on the Rock __knowledge__ The festival has had a number a notable guests both from Newfoundland and beyond, including science-fiction author Kenneth Tam (\"Defense Command\", \"His Majesty's New World\"), comic-book artist Paul Tucker (\"The Underworld Railroad\", \"Google John Smith\"), actor Brian Downey (\"Lexx\", \"Millennium\"), actor Jeremy Bulloch (\"The Empire Strikes Back\", \"Octopussy\"), author William Meikle (\"The Midnight Eye\" series), horror author Matthew LeDrew (\"Black Womb\", \"Roulette\") and author Shannon Patrick Sullivan (\"The Dying Days\").", "Belfast __knowledge__ Belfast (; ) is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, and the second largest on the island of Ireland.", "Belfast __knowledge__ On the River Lagan, it had a population of 333,871 in 2015.", "Belfast __knowledge__ By the early 1800s the former town was home to a major port.", "Belfast __knowledge__ Belfast played a key role in the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, becoming the biggest linen producer in the world, earning it the nickname \"Linenopolis\".", "Belfast __knowledge__ By the time it was granted city status in 1888, it was a major centre of the Irish linen as well as tobacco-processing, rope-making and shipbuilding industries.", "Belfast __knowledge__ Harland and Wolff, which built the , was the world's biggest and most productive shipyard.", "The Troubles __knowledge__ The Troubles () was an ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland during the late 20th century.", "The Troubles __knowledge__ Also known internationally as the Northern Ireland conflict, it is sometimes described as a \"guerrilla war\" or a \"low-level war\".", "The Troubles __knowledge__ The conflict began in the late 1960s and it is usually deemed to have ended with the Good Friday Agreement of 1998.", "The Troubles __knowledge__ Although the Troubles primarily took place in Northern Ireland, at times the violence spilled over into parts of the Republic of Ireland, England, and mainland Europe.", "The Troubles __knowledge__ The conflict was primarily political and nationalistic, fuelled by historical events.", "The Troubles __knowledge__ It also had an ethnic or sectarian dimension, although it was not a religious conflict.", "Northern Ireland __knowledge__ Northern Ireland ( ; Ulster-Scots: \"\") is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland, variously described as a country, province or region.", "Northern Ireland __knowledge__ Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland.", "Northern Ireland __knowledge__ In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the UK's population.", "Northern Ireland __knowledge__ Established by the Northern Ireland Act 1998 as part of the Good Friday Agreement, the Northern Ireland Assembly holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government.", "History of Belfast __knowledge__ The history of Belfast as a settlement goes back to the Iron Age, but its status as a major urban centre dates to the 18th century.", "History of Belfast __knowledge__ Belfast today is the capital of Northern Ireland.", "History of Belfast __knowledge__ Belfast was throughout its modern history a major commercial and industrial centre, but the late 20th century saw a decline in its traditional industries, particularly shipbuilding.", "History of Belfast __knowledge__ The city's history has been marked by violent conflict between Irish Catholics and Irish Protestants which has caused many working class areas of the city to be split into Catholic and Protestant areas.", "History of Belfast __knowledge__ In recent years the city has been relatively peaceful and major redevelopment has occurred, especially in the inner city and dock areas.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ HMS \"Belfast\" is a Town-class light cruiser that was built for the Royal Navy, currently permanently moored as a museum ship on the River Thames in London, England, operated by the Imperial War Museum.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ Construction of \"Belfast\", the first ship in the Royal Navy to be named after the capital city of Northern Ireland and one of ten Town-class cruisers, began in December 1936.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ She was launched on St Patrick's Day 1938.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ Commissioned in early August 1939 shortly before the outbreak of the Second World War, \"Belfast\" was initially part of the British naval blockade against Germany.", "HMS Belfast (C35) __knowledge__ In November 1939, \"Belfast\" struck a German mine and spent more than two years undergoing extensive repairs.", "Van Morrison __knowledge__ Sir George Ivan \"Van\" Morrison, OBE (born 31 August 1945) is a Northern Irish singer-songwriter, instrumentalist and producer.", "Van Morrison __knowledge__ In 2016, he was knighted for his musical achievements and his services to tourism and charitable causes in Northern Ireland.", "Van Morrison __knowledge__ Known as \"Van the Man\", Morrison started his professional career when, as a teenager in the late 1950s, he played a variety of instruments including guitar, harmonica, keyboards and saxophone for various Irish showbands, covering the popular hits of that time.", "Van Morrison __knowledge__ He rose to prominence in the mid-1960s as the lead singer of the Northern Irish R&B band Them, with whom he recorded the garage band classic \"Gloria\".", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 5 ]

[ "DO you watch Game of Thrones, the American fantasy drama TV series ?", "It is actually based off a series of fantasy novels by George R. R. Martin.", "He is good. I didn't realize until recently that it is filmed in Belfast mostly, and elsewhere in the UK.", "Me too! I'm upset that next season, season 8, will be the last season of GoT." ]

[ "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones", "Game of Thrones" ]

[ "Red hair", "I do like red hair! I have heard that people with red hair can have bad reactions to anesthesia, have you heard this?", "Are red heads the only people that have that recessive allele on chromosome 16?", "hmm, interesting. Do you have red hair? Or are you just knowledgeable on the subject?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Red Horn __knowledge__ Red Horn is a culture hero in Siouan oral traditions, specifically of the Ioway and Hocąk (Winnebago) nations.", "Red Horn __knowledge__ He has different names.", "Red Horn __knowledge__ Only in Hocąk literature is he known as \"Red Horn\" (\"Hešucka\"), but among the Ioway and Hocągara both, he is known by one of his variant names, \"He Who Wears (Man) Faces on His Ears\".", "Red Horn __knowledge__ This name derives from the living faces on his earlobes (Hocąk), or earbobs that come to life when he places them on his ears (Ioway).", "Red Horn __knowledge__ Elsewhere, he is given yet another name, \"Red Man\" (\"Wąkšucka\"), because his entire body is red from head to toe.", "Red Horn __knowledge__ Red Horn was one of the five sons of Earthmaker, whom the Creator fashioned with his own hands and sent to earth to rescue humanity.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "Henna __knowledge__ Henna () is a dye prepared from the plant \"Lawsonia inermis\", also known as hina, the henna tree, the mignonette tree, and the Egyptian privet, the sole species of the \"Lawsonia\" genus.", "Henna __knowledge__ \"Henna\" can also refer to the temporary body art (staining) based on those dyes (see also mehndi).", "Henna __knowledge__ Henna has been used since antiquity to dye skin, hair and fingernails, as well as fabrics including silk, wool and leather.", "Henna __knowledge__ Historically, henna was used in the Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent, parts of Southeast Asia, Carthage, other parts of North Africa and the Horn of Africa.", "Henna __knowledge__ The name is used in other skin and hair dyes, such as \"black henna\" and \"neutral henna\", which is derived from specific parts of the henna plant that are harvested at individual times.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "Outcomes Research Consortium __knowledge__ The Outcomes Research Consortium is an international clinical research group that focuses on the perioperative period (during and after surgery), along with critical care and pain management.", "Outcomes Research Consortium __knowledge__ The Consortium’s aim is to improve the quality of care for surgical, critical care, and chronic pain patients and to “Provide the evidence for evidence-based practice.” Members of the Consortium are especially interested in testing simple, low-risk, and inexpensive treatments that have the potential to markedly improve patients’ surgical experiences.", "Outcomes Research Consortium __knowledge__ The 25-year anniversary of the Consortium and its accomplishments were celebrated in an editorial in Anesthesiology.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Monkeys, particularly macaques and gibbons, have played significant roles in Chinese culture for over two thousand years.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Some examples familiar to English speakers include the zodiacal Year of the Monkey, the Monkey King Sun Wukong in the novel \"Journey to the West\", and Monkey Kung Fu.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ The Chinese language has numerous words meaning \"simian; monkey; ape\".", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Some diachronically changed meanings in reference to different simians.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ For instance, Chinese \"xingxing\" 猩猩 originally named \"a mythical creature with a human face and pig body\", and became the modern name for the \"orangutan\".", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Within the classification of Chinese characters, almost all \"monkey; ape\" words – with the exceptions of \"nao\" 夒 and \"yu\" 禺 that were originally monkey pictographs – are written with radical-phonetic compound characters.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Human overpopulation (or population overshoot) occurs when the ecological footprint of a human population in a specific geographical location exceeds the carrying capacity of the place occupied by that group.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Overpopulation can further be viewed, in a long term perspective, as existing if a population cannot be maintained given the rapid depletion of non-renewable resources or given the degradation of the capacity of the environment to give support to the population.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ Changes in lifestyle could reverse overpopulated status without a large population reduction.", "Human overpopulation __knowledge__ The term \"human overpopulation\" refers to the relationship between the entire human population and its environment: the Earth, or to smaller geographical areas such as countries.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Human __knowledge__ Modern humans (\"Homo sapiens\", ssp.", "Human __knowledge__ \"Homo sapiens sapiens\") are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina, a branch of the tribe Hominini belonging to the family of great apes.", "Human __knowledge__ They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; and a general trend toward larger, more complex brains and societies.", "Human __knowledge__ Early hominins—particularly the australopithecines, whose brains and anatomy are in many ways more similar to ancestral non-human apes—are less often referred to as \"human\" than hominins of the genus \"Homo\".", "Human __knowledge__ Several of these hominins used fire, occupied much of Eurasia, and gave rise to anatomically modern \"Homo sapiens\" in Africa about 315,000 years ago.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ For genes on an autosome (any chromosome other than a sex chromosome), the alleles and their associated traits are autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance is a key concept in Mendelian inheritance and classical genetics.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Often the dominant allele codes for a functional protein whereas the recessive allele does not.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ A classic example of dominance is the inheritance of seed shape in peas.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Zygosity is the degree of similarity of the alleles for a trait in an organism.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Most eukaryotes have two matching sets of chromosomes; that is, they are diploid.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Diploid organisms have the same loci on each of their two sets of homologous chromosomes except that the sequences at these loci may differ between the two chromosomes in a matching pair and that a few chromosomes may be mismatched as part of a chromosomal sex-determination system.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ If both alleles of a diploid organism are the same, the organism is homozygous at that locus.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ If they are different, the organism is heterozygous at that locus.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ In poultry standards, solid white is coloration of plumage in chickens (\"Gallus gallus domesticus\") characterized by a uniform pure white color across all feathers, which is not generally associated with depigmentation in any other part of the body.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ Color is an important feature of most living organisms.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ In the wild, color has great significance affecting the survival and reproductive success of the species.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ The environmental constraints which lead to the specific colors of birds and animals are very strong and individuals of novel colors tend not to survive.", "Solid white (chicken plumage) __knowledge__ Under domestication, mankind has transformed all the species involved which have thus been freed from environmental pressures to a large extent.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Mendelian inheritance is a type of biological inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866 and re-discovered in 1900.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ These laws were initially controversial.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ When Mendel's theories were integrated with the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1915, they became the core of classical genetics.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Ronald Fisher combined these ideas with the theory of natural selection in his 1930 book \"The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection\", putting evolution onto a mathematical footing and forming the basis for population genetics within the modern evolutionary synthesis.", "Sex linkage __knowledge__ Sex linkage is the phenotypic expression of an allele related to the allosome (sex chromosome) of the individual.", "Sex linkage __knowledge__ In autosomal chromosomes both sexes have the same probability of existing (see Fisher's principle), but since humans have many more genes on the female X chromosome than on the male Y chromosome, these are much more common than Y-linked traits.", "Sex linkage __knowledge__ In mammals, the female is homogametic, with two X chromosomes (XX), while the male is the heterogametic sex, with one X and one Y chromosome (XY).", "Sex linkage __knowledge__ Genes on the X or Y chromosome are called sex-linked.", "Sex linkage __knowledge__ In ZW sex-determination system used by birds the opposite is true: the male is the homogametic sex (ZZ), and the female is heterogametic (ZW).", "Pseudodominance __knowledge__ Pseudodominance is the situation in which the inheritance of a recessive trait mimics a dominant pattern.", "Pseudodominance __knowledge__ Normally, two recessive alleles need to be inherited (one from each parent) for the recessive trait to be expressed but recessive merely means that the trait is only expressed in the absence of the dominant alleles.", "Pseudodominance __knowledge__ The pattern of inheritance in which a single recessive allele is inherited but is still expressed is known as pseudodominance.", "Pseudodominance __knowledge__ This mainly occurs with sex-linked genes (i.e., those on the sex chromosomes).", "Pseudodominance __knowledge__ The homogametic sex (females in humans) receive two of each sex chromosome and therefore need to be homozygous to show a recessive trait.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics is the study of genes—what they are, what they do, and how they work.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genes inside the nucleus of a cell are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit various features (phenotypic traits).", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell—gene expression; and how a cell divides—mitosis or meiosis.", "Balancer chromosome __knowledge__ Balancer chromosomes are special, modified chromosomes used for genetically screening a population of organisms to select for heterozygotes.", "Balancer chromosome __knowledge__ Balancer chromosomes can be used as a genetic tool to prevent crossing over (genetic recombination) between homologous chromosomes during meiosis.", "Balancer chromosome __knowledge__ Balancers are most often used in \"Drosophila melanogaster\" (fruit fly) genetics to allow populations of flies carrying heterozygous mutations to be maintained without constantly screening for the mutations but can also be used in mice.", "Balancer chromosome __knowledge__ Balancer chromosomes have three important properties: they suppress recombination with their homologs, carry dominant markers, and negatively affect reproductive fitness when carried homozygously." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald (HMM) is a consulting engineering firm serving public and private clients in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM’s capabilities include planning, project development, studies and analysis, design, procurement, and construction engineering and inspection.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM also provides project, program and construction management as well as facility maintenance and operations.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ Hatch Mott MacDonald was founded in 1996 by its parent companies, Hatch Ltd and Mott MacDonald.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM was intended to take advantage of engineering opportunities in North America.", "Hatch Mott MacDonald __knowledge__ HMM originally provided the bulk of its services in transportation, including the design of tunnels, rail systems, bridges, highways, and airport infrastructure.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobserved (i.e.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ \"hidden\") states.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The hidden Markov model can be represented as the simplest dynamic Bayesian network.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ The mathematics behind the HMM were developed by L. E. Baum and coworkers.", "Hidden Markov model __knowledge__ In simpler Markov models (like a Markov chain), the state is directly visible to the observer, and therefore the state transition probabilities are the only parameters, while in the hidden Markov model, the state is not directly visible, but the output, dependent on the state, is visible.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 365 (VMM-365) is a United States Marine Corps tiltrotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Blue Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 26 (MAG-26) and the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW).", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Provide assault support of combat troops, supplies, and equipment during amphibious operations and subsequent operations ashore.", "VMM-365 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 365 was established on July 1, 1963 at Marine Corps Air Facility Santa Ana, California.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 265 (VMM-265) is a United States Marine Corps transport squadron consisting of MV-22 Osprey tiltrotor aircraft.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Dragons\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Futenma, Okinawa, Japan and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 36 (MAG-36) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW).", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ Support the Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander by providing assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment, day or night under all weather conditions during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-265 __knowledge__ HMM-265 was commissioned on October 1, 1962 at Marine Corps Air Facility Jacksonville, North Carolina.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tilt Rotor Squadron 165 (VMM-165) is a United States Marine Corps Tilt-rotor squadron consisting of MV-22B Osprey transport aircraft.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"White Knights\", is based at Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, California and fall under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 16 (MAG-16) and the 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing (3rd MAW).", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Provide assault support transport of combat troops, supplies and equipment during expeditionary, joint or combined operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Be prepared for short-notice, worldwide employment in support of Marine Air-Ground Task Force operations.", "VMM-165 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 165 was activated on July 1, 1965 at Marine Corps Air Station Santa Ana, California as part of Marine Aircraft Group 36, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing.", "VMM-268 __knowledge__ Marine Medium Tiltrotor Squadron 268 (VMM-268) is a United States Marine Corps helicopter squadron consisting of MV-22 transport aircraft.", "VMM-268 __knowledge__ The squadron, known as the \"Red Dragons\", is based at Marine Corps Base Hawaii, Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii and falls under the command of Marine Aircraft Group 24 (MAG-24) and the 1st Marine Aircraft Wing (1st MAW).", "VMM-268 __knowledge__ Provide assault support to the landing force in the ship to shore movement and in subsequent operations ashore.", "VMM-268 __knowledge__ Marine Light Helicopter Squadron 268 (HML-268) was activated on September 15, 1972 at Marine Corps Air Station New River, North Carolina.", "VMM-268 __knowledge__ HML-268 was deactivated on September 30, 1977.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ The cream gene is responsible for a number of horse coat colors.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Horses that have the cream gene in addition to a base coat color that is chestnut will become palomino if they are heterozygous, having one copy of the cream gene, or cremello, if they are homozygous.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Similarly, horses with a bay base coat and the cream gene will be buckskin or perlino.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ A black base coat with the cream gene becomes the not-always-recognized smoky black or a smoky cream.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Cream horses, even those with blue eyes, are not white horses.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ Dilution coloring is also not related to any of the white spotting patterns.", "Cream gene __knowledge__ The cream gene (\"C\") is an incomplete dominant allele with a distinct dosage effect.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics is the study of genes—what they are, what they do, and how they work.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genes inside the nucleus of a cell are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit various features (phenotypic traits).", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell—gene expression; and how a cell divides—mitosis or meiosis.", "Genetic drift __knowledge__ Genetic drift (also known as allelic drift or the Sewall Wright effect after biologist Sewall Wright) is the change in the frequency of an existing gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling of organisms.", "Genetic drift __knowledge__ The alleles in the offspring are a sample of those in the parents, and chance has a role in determining whether a given individual survives and reproduces.", "Genetic drift __knowledge__ A population's allele frequency is the fraction of the copies of one gene that share a particular form.", "Genetic drift __knowledge__ Genetic drift may cause gene variants to disappear completely and thereby reduce genetic variation.", "Genetic drift __knowledge__ When there are few copies of an allele, the effect of genetic drift is larger, and when there are many copies the effect is smaller.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ For genes on an autosome (any chromosome other than a sex chromosome), the alleles and their associated traits are autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Dominance is a key concept in Mendelian inheritance and classical genetics.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ Often the dominant allele codes for a functional protein whereas the recessive allele does not.", "Dominance (genetics) __knowledge__ A classic example of dominance is the inheritance of seed shape in peas.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Zygosity is the degree of similarity of the alleles for a trait in an organism.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Most eukaryotes have two matching sets of chromosomes; that is, they are diploid.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ Diploid organisms have the same loci on each of their two sets of homologous chromosomes except that the sequences at these loci may differ between the two chromosomes in a matching pair and that a few chromosomes may be mismatched as part of a chromosomal sex-determination system.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ If both alleles of a diploid organism are the same, the organism is homozygous at that locus.", "Zygosity __knowledge__ If they are different, the organism is heterozygous at that locus.", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ Quantitative genetics is a branch of population genetics that deals with phenotypes that vary continuously (in characters such as height or mass)—as opposed to discretely identifiable phenotypes and gene-products (such as eye-colour, or the presence of a particular biochemical).", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ Both branches use the frequencies of different alleles of a gene in breeding populations (gamodemes), and combine them with concepts from simple Mendelian inheritance to analyze inheritance patterns across generations and descendant lines.", "Quantitative genetics __knowledge__ While population genetics can focus on particular genes and their subsequent metabolic products, quantitative genetics focuses more on the outward phenotypes, and makes summaries only of the underlying genetics.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Mendelian inheritance is a type of biological inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by Gregor Mendel in 1865 and 1866 and re-discovered in 1900.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ These laws were initially controversial.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ When Mendel's theories were integrated with the Boveri–Sutton chromosome theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan in 1915, they became the core of classical genetics.", "Mendelian inheritance __knowledge__ Ronald Fisher combined these ideas with the theory of natural selection in his 1930 book \"The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection\", putting evolution onto a mathematical footing and forming the basis for population genetics within the modern evolutionary synthesis." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 3, 4 ]

[ "Do you like red hair? It only occurs in one to two percent of the human population naturally", "Oh my! I have not heard that, but it might have something to do with having two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16!", "I dont think so, I think its something that is just most commonly seen in people with the two copies of the allele!", "I am naturally a light strawberry blonde! But I keep it platinum blonde these days. Red hair can vary greatly in different hues!" ]

[ "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair" ]

[ "The New Yorker", "Nice,that's means your are an editor then", "Really interesting, any other info?", "What do you write on?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice (, ; Niçard , classical norm, or \"\", nonstandard, ; ; ; ) is the fifth most populous city in France and the capital of the Alpes-Maritimes \"département\".", "Nice __knowledge__ The urban area of Nice extends beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of about 1 million on an area of .", "Nice __knowledge__ Located in the French Riviera, on the south east coast of France on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Alps, Nice is the second-largest French city on the Mediterranean coast and the second-largest city in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region after Marseille.", "Nice __knowledge__ Nice is about 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the principality of Monaco, and its airport is a gateway to the principality as well.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Have a nice day is a commonly spoken expression used to conclude a conversation (whether brief or extensive), or end a message by hoping the person to whom it is addressed experiences a pleasant day.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ Since it is often uttered by service employees to customers at the end of a transaction, particularly in Israel and the United States, its repetitious and dutiful usage has resulted in the phrase developing, according to some journalists and scholars, especially outside of these two countries, a cultural connotation of impersonality, lack of interest, passive–aggressive behavior, or sarcasm.", "Have a nice day __knowledge__ The phrase is generally not used in Europe, as some find it artificial or even offensive.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) is an executive non-departmental public body of the Department of Health in the United Kingdom, which publishes guidelines in four areas: These appraisals are based primarily on evaluations of efficacy and cost–effectiveness in various circumstances.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ It serves both the English NHS and the Welsh NHS.", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ It was set up as the National Institute for Clinical Excellence in 1999, and on 1 April 2005 joined with the Health Development Agency to become the new National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (still abbreviated as NICE).", "National Institute for Health and Care Excellence __knowledge__ Following the Health and Social Care Act 2012, NICE was renamed the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence on 1 April 2013 reflecting its new responsibilities for social care, and changed from a special health authority to an Executive Non-Departmental Public Body (ENDPB).", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Olympique Gymnaste Club Nice Côte d'Azur (; commonly referred to as OGC Nice or simply Nice) is a French association football club based in Nice.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ The club was founded in 1904 and currently plays in Ligue 1, the top-tier of French football.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Nice plays its home matches at the Allianz Riviera.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Nice is managed by Lucien Favre and captained by defender Dante Bonfim.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Nice was founded under the name \"Gymnaste Club de Nice\" and is one of the founding members of the first division of French football.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ The club has won Ligue 1 four times and the Coupe de France three times.", "OGC Nice __knowledge__ Nice achieved most of its honours in the 1950s with the club being managed by coaches such as Numa Andoire, Englishman William Berry and Jean Luciano.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ A nice guy or good guy are informal terms for an (often young) adult male who portrays himself as gentle, compassionate, sensitive and/or vulnerable.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ The term is used both positively and negatively.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ When used positively, and particularly when used as a preference or description by someone else, it is intended to imply a male who puts the needs of others before his own, avoids confrontations, does favors, gives emotional support, tries to stay out of trouble, and generally acts nicely towards others.", "Nice guy __knowledge__ In the context of a relationship, it may also refer to traits of honesty, loyalty, romanticism, courtesy and respect.", "French Riviera __knowledge__ The Côte d'Azur (; ; literal translation \"Coast of Azure\"), often known in English as the French Riviera, is the Mediterranean coastline of the southeast corner of France, also including the state of Monaco.", "French Riviera __knowledge__ There is no official boundary, but it is usually considered to extend from the France-Italy border (Italian Riviera, east) to Saint-Tropez, Hyères, Toulon or Cassis (west), in the French Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region.", "French Riviera __knowledge__ This coastline was one of the first modern resort areas.", "French Riviera __knowledge__ It began as a winter health resort for the British upper class at the end of the 18th century.", "French Riviera __knowledge__ With the arrival of the railway in the mid-19th century, it became the playground and vacation spot of British, Russian, and other aristocrats, such as Queen Victoria and King Edward VII, when he was Prince of Wales.", "Treaty of Turin (1860) __knowledge__ The Treaty of Turin concluded between France and Piedmont-Sardinia on March 24, 1860 is the instrument by which the Duchy of Savoy and the County of Nice were annexed to France.", "Treaty of Turin (1860) __knowledge__ Emperor Napoleon III of France and the Count of Cavour, Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia, met in secret at Plombières-les-Bains on 21 July 1858.", "Treaty of Turin (1860) __knowledge__ They agreed that France would support the unification of Italy by Sardinia, provided that the Pope should retain control of Rome.", "Treaty of Turin (1860) __knowledge__ In return Sardinia was asked to cede the Duchy of Savoy to France along with, more contentiously, the predominantly Italian speaking County of Nice.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ The Chrysler New Yorker is an automobile model which was produced by Chrysler from 1940 to 1996, serving for several years as the brand's flagship model.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ A trim level named the \"New York Special\" first appeared in 1938 and the \"New Yorker\" name debuted in 1939.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ Until its discontinuation in 1996, the New Yorker had made its mark as the longest-running American car nameplate.", "Chrysler New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker name helped define the Chrysler brand as a maker of upscale models, priced and equipped above mainstream brands like Ford, Chevrolet/Pontiac, and Dodge/Plymouth, but below full luxury brands like Cadillac, Lincoln and Packard.", "New Journalism __knowledge__ New Journalism is a style of news writing and journalism, developed in the 1960s and 1970s, which uses literary techniques deemed unconventional at the time.", "New Journalism __knowledge__ It is characterized by a subjective perspective, a literary style reminiscent of long-form non-fiction and emphasizing \"truth\" over \"facts,\" and intensive reportage in which reporters immersed themselves in the stories as they reported and wrote them.", "New Journalism __knowledge__ This was in contrast to traditional journalism where the journalist was typically \"invisible\" and facts are reported as objectively as possible.", "New Journalism __knowledge__ The phenomenon of New Journalism is generally considered to have ended by the early 1980s.", "Robert Benchley __knowledge__ Robert Charles Benchley (September 15, 1889 – November 21, 1945) was an American humorist best known for his work as a newspaper columnist and film actor.", "Robert Benchley __knowledge__ From his beginnings at \"The Harvard Lampoon\" while attending Harvard University, through his many years writing essays and articles for \"Vanity Fair\" and \"The New Yorker\" and his acclaimed short films, Benchley's style of humor brought him respect and success during his life, from his peers at the Algonquin Round Table in New York City to contemporaries in the burgeoning film industry.", "Robert Benchley __knowledge__ Benchley is best remembered for his contributions to \"The New Yorker\", where his essays, whether topical or absurdist, influenced many modern humorists.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ Pauline Kael (; June 19, 1919 – September 3, 2001) was an American film critic who wrote for \"The New Yorker\" magazine from 1968 to 1991.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ Kael was known for her \"witty, biting, highly opinionated and sharply focused\" reviews, her opinions often contrary to those of her contemporaries.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ She was one of the most influential American film critics of her day.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ She left a lasting impression on many other prominent film critics.", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ Roger Ebert argued in an obituary that Kael \"had a more positive influence on the climate for film in America than any other single person over the last three decades\".", "Pauline Kael __knowledge__ The critic, he said, \"had no theory, no rules, no guidelines, no objective standards.", "Tina Brown __knowledge__ Tina Brown CBE (born Christina Hambley Brown; 21 November 1953), is a journalist, magazine editor, columnist, talk-show host and author of \"The Diana Chronicles\", a biography of Diana, Princess of Wales.", "Tina Brown __knowledge__ Born a British citizen, she now holds joint citizenship after she took United States citizenship in 2005, following her emigration to the United States in 1984 to edit \"Vanity Fair\".", "Tina Brown __knowledge__ By marriage, she is legally titled Lady Evans.", "Tina Brown __knowledge__ Having been editor-in-chief of \"Tatler\" magazine at the age of 25, she rose to prominence in the American media industry as the editor of \"Vanity Fair\" from 1984 to 1992 and of \"The New Yorker\" from 1992 to 1998.", "Hiroshima (book) __knowledge__ Hiroshima is a book by Pulitzer Prize-winning author John Hersey.", "Hiroshima (book) __knowledge__ It tells the stories of six survivors of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, covering a period of time immediately prior to and one year after the atomic bomb was dropped on August 6, 1945.", "Hiroshima (book) __knowledge__ It was originally published in \"The New Yorker\".", "Hiroshima (book) __knowledge__ Although the story was originally scheduled to be published over four issues, the entire edition of August 31, 1946, was dedicated to the article.", "Hiroshima (book) __knowledge__ The article and subsequent book are regarded as one of the earliest examples of the New Journalism, in which the story-telling techniques of fiction are adapted to non-fiction reporting." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ Info-gap decision theory is a non-probabilistic decision theory that seeks to optimize robustness to failure – or opportuneness for windfall – under severe uncertainty, in particular applying sensitivity analysis of the stability radius type to perturbations in the value of a given estimate of the parameter of interest.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has some connections with Wald's maximin model; some authors distinguish them, others consider them instances of the same principle.", "Info-gap decision theory __knowledge__ It has been developed since the 1980s by Yakov Ben-Haim, and has found many applications and described as a theory for decision-making under \"\"severe\" uncertainty\".", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Steve Davis, (born 22 August 1957) is an English retired professional snooker player from Plumstead, London.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Known for dominating the sport during the 1980s, when he won the World Championship six times and was ranked world number one for seven consecutive seasons, he is remembered particularly for contesting the 1985 World Championship final with Dennis Taylor, the black-ball conclusion of which attracted a record 18.5 million British viewers.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ He is a well known public figure and is generally viewed by his peers as one of the greatest players of all time.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Until his retirement in 2016, Davis combined his ongoing playing career with his role as a television analyst and commentator for the BBC's snooker coverage, alongside being a DJ of electronic music on local radio station Phoenix FM and at the Bloc Weekend music festival.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that appear in \"Dinosaur King\".", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The English versions of the series use names differing from the Japanese versions; in this article the English names are used.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ The D-Team are the protagonists of the series who are very knowledgeable about dinosaurs.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They prevent the Alpha Gang from succeeding in their goal by saving the dinosaurs they can find.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ Among its members are: The Alpha Gang are the primary yet inept antagonists of the first series who abduct any dinosaur cards they find using their own dinosaurs as their muscle.", "List of Dinosaur King characters __knowledge__ They conduct experiments on the dinosaur cards they find.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ \"Daredevil\" is an American web television series created for Netflix by Drew Goddard, based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the films of the franchise, and is the first in a series of shows that will lead up to a Defenders crossover miniseries.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ The series stars Charlie Cox as Matt Murdock / Daredevil, as well as Deborah Ann Woll, Elden Henson, Rosario Dawson, and Vincent D'Onofrio.", "List of Daredevil characters __knowledge__ Toby Leonard Moore, Vondie Curtis-Hall, Bob Gunton, and Ayelet Zurer join them for the first season, while Jon Bernthal, Élodie Yung, and Stephen Rider join them for the second.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ Zoe Carpenter is a fictional character from the British Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\", played by Zoë Lister.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ The character first appeared on-screen on 1 September 2006, as one of three new students at Hollyoaks Community College.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ It was announced in 2009 that Lister had quit her role in order to pursue other projects; she subsequently left the series in January 2010.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ During Zoe's time in \"Hollyoaks\" she has been portrayed as a bubbly tomboy who often makes the wrong choices in life and has had a number of failed relationships.", "Zoe Carpenter __knowledge__ In March 2017, it was reported that Lister would be reprising the role and it was later confirmed that she would return for Amy Barnes' (Ashley Slanina-Davies) funeral.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) is a network of professional Fortean researchers and writers.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ John Keel, author and parapsychologist, in both his writings and at his appearances at INFO's FortFest, says \"the International Fortean Organization (INFO) carries on Charles Fort's name as successor to the Fortean Society.\"", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ Keel, Colin Wilson and John Michell are long-time advisors to the organization.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ The International Fortean Organization (INFO) published the \"INFO Journal: Science and the Unknown\", keeps a library of Forteana and offered a research service.", "International Fortean Organization __knowledge__ \"Science Digest\", in 1978, mentions their \"attempts to handle inquiries from a world-wide membership\".", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ In July 2012, a storyline began in the British soap opera \"EastEnders\" in which the character Kat Moon, played by Jessie Wallace, embarks on an affair behind her husband Alfie Moon's (Shane Richie) back, with an unknown person.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The suspects named were Ray Dixon (Chucky Venn), Michael Moon (Steve John Shepherd), Max Branning (Jake Wood), Derek Branning (Jamie Foreman) and Jack Branning (Scott Maslen).", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Ray was the first suspect to be eliminated, on 7 August, followed by Michael on 14 September.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ The mystery man was revealed as Derek in the 20 December episode.", "Who's Been Sleeping with Kat? __knowledge__ Richie dubbed the storyline \"Who's Been Sleeping with Kat?", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Bloomberg Businessweek is an American weekly business magazine published by Bloomberg L.P. \"Businessweek\" was founded in 1929.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine was created to provide information and interpretation about what was happening in the business world.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ It is headquartered in New York City.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Megan Murphy was appointed editor of the magazine in November 2016.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ She stepped down from the role in January 2017.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Joel Weber was appointed in her place.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine is published 47 times a year.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ \"Businessweek\" was first published in September 1929, weeks before the stock market crash of 1929.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine provided information and opinions on what was happening in the business world at the time.", "Fred Bronson __knowledge__ Fredric M. \"Fred\" Bronson (born January 10, 1949) is an American journalist, author and writer.", "Fred Bronson __knowledge__ He is best known for his appearances on \"American Idol\", the weekly \"Chart Beat\" column in \"Billboard\" magazine, and as the author of books related to #1 songs on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart and other books related to other music charts as well.", "Fred Bronson __knowledge__ The 5th edition of \"The Billboard Book Of #1 Hits\" was published in 2003.", "Fred Bronson __knowledge__ The 4th edition of \"Billboard's Hottest Hot 100 Hits\" was published in 2007.", "Fred Bronson __knowledge__ Bronson is also the author of \"The Billboard Book of #1 R&B Hits\" (with Adam White), \"American Bandstand\" (with Dick Clark) and \"The Sound of Music Family Scrapbook\", written at the behest of the seven actors who played the von Trapp children in the 1965 film.", "Per-hop behaviour __knowledge__ In computer networking, per-hop behaviour (PHB) is a term used in differentiated services (DiffServ) or multiprotocol label switching (MPLS).", "Per-hop behaviour __knowledge__ It defines the policy and priority applied to a packet when traversing a hop (such as a router) in a DiffServ network.", "Per-hop behaviour __knowledge__ Rule that governs how packets are handled within a diffserv network is called the Per-Hop Behavior (PHB).", "Per-hop behaviour __knowledge__ \"PHBs\" are defined to support the general properties controlled by IP precedence.", "Per-hop behaviour __knowledge__ DSCP Contains 6-bits, PHBs are created (one for each combination of the top 3 bits) of the form \"bbb000\" to match the precedence behaviors and leaves the other DSCP values open where each b may take the value zero or 1.", "Pep Guardiola __knowledge__ Josep \"Pep\" Guardiola Sala (; born 18 January 1971) is a Spanish professional football coach and former player who is the current manager of Manchester City.", "Pep Guardiola __knowledge__ Regarded as one of the best players of his generation, Guardiola was a creative and technically gifted midfielder who usually played in a deep-lying playmaking role as a defensive midfielder.", "Pep Guardiola __knowledge__ He spent the majority of his career with Barcelona, forming a part of Johan Cruyff's \"Dream Team\" that won the club's first European Cup in 1992, and four successive La Liga titles from 1991 to 1994.", "Pep Guardiola __knowledge__ He later captained the team from 1997 to 2001.", "Pep Guardiola __knowledge__ He then played for Brescia and Roma in Italy, Al-Ahli in Qatar, and Dorados de Sinaloa in Mexico while training to be a manager.", "Trevor Brooking __knowledge__ Sir Trevor David Brooking, CBE (born 2 October 1948) is a former England international footballer, manager, pundit and football administrator; he now works as director of football development in England.", "Trevor Brooking __knowledge__ He played most of his career for West Ham United making 647 appearances for the club.", "Trevor Brooking __knowledge__ He won the 1975 FA Cup and the 1980 FA Cup in which he scored the only goal.", "Trevor Brooking __knowledge__ He was also the club's player of the season on four occasions and caretaker manager on two occasions in 2003.", "Trevor Brooking __knowledge__ Brooking played 47 times for England, scoring five times.", "Trevor Brooking __knowledge__ He was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in 1981, elevated to Commander of same order (CBE) in 1999, and knighted in 2004.", "KWHB __knowledge__ KWHB, virtual channel 47 (UHF digital channel 48), is a LeSEA owned-and-operated television station licensed to Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States.", "KWHB __knowledge__ The station is owned by the LeSEA Broadcasting Corporation.", "KWHB __knowledge__ KWHB maintains studio facilities located in the Beacon Building on West 4th Street and South Boulder Avenue (west of the First Place Tower) in downtown Tulsa, and its transmitter is located near South 273rd Avenue East and the Muskogee Turnpike (near Broken Arrow) in unincorporated southeastern Tulsa County.", "KWHB __knowledge__ On cable, the station is available on Cox Communications channel 7 in standard definition only." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is published by Condé Nast.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times annually, with five of these issues covering two-week spans.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Although its reviews and events listings often focus on the cultural life of New York City, \"The New Yorker\" has a wide audience outside New York and is read internationally.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It is well known for its illustrated and often topical covers, its commentaries on popular culture and eccentric Americana, its attention to modern fiction by the inclusion of short stories and literary reviews, its rigorous fact checking and copyediting, its journalism on politics and social issues, and its single-panel cartoons sprinkled throughout each issue.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ \"The New Yorker\" debuted on February 21, 1925.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ It was founded by Harold Ross and his wife, Jane Grant, a \"New York Times\" reporter.", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross wanted to create a sophisticated humor magazine that would be different from perceivably \"corny\" humor publications such as \"Judge\", where he had worked, or \"Life\".", "The New Yorker __knowledge__ Ross partnered with entrepreneur Raoul H. Fleischmann (who founded the General Baking Company) to establish the F-R Publishing Company.", "Consistency model __knowledge__ In computer science, Consistency models are used in distributed systems like distributed shared memory systems or distributed data stores (such as a filesystems, databases, optimistic replication systems or Web caching).", "Consistency model __knowledge__ The system is said to support a given model if operations on memory follow specific rules.", "Consistency model __knowledge__ The data consistency model specifies a contract between programmer and system, wherein the system guarantees that if the programmer follows the rules, memory will be consistent and the results of reading, writing, or updating memory will be predictable.", "Consistency model __knowledge__ This is different from Cache coherence, an next that occurs in systems that are cached or cache-less is consistency of data with respect to all processors.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ Rohingya (), or Ruáingga (), is a language spoken by the Rohingya people of Rakhine State.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ It is an Eastern Indo-Aryan language belonging to the Bengali–Assamese branch, and is related to the Chittagonian language spoken in neighboring Bangladesh.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ Written in Arabic script, the first Rohingya language texts are more than 200 years old.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ While Arakan was under British rule (1826–1948), the Rohingya people used mainly English and Urdu for written communication.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ Since independence in 1948, Burmese has been used in all official communications.", "Rohingya language __knowledge__ Since the early 1960s, Rohingya scholars have started to realize the need for a writing system suited to their own language.", "Elementary arithmetic __knowledge__ Elementary arithmetic is the simplified portion of arithmetic that includes the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.", "Elementary arithmetic __knowledge__ It should not be confused with elementary function arithmetic.", "Elementary arithmetic __knowledge__ Elementary arithmetic starts with the natural numbers and the written symbols (digits) that represent them.", "Elementary arithmetic __knowledge__ The process for combining a pair of these numbers with the four basic operations traditionally relies on memorized results for small values of numbers, including the contents of a multiplication table to assist with multiplication and division.", "Elementary arithmetic __knowledge__ Elementary arithmetic also includes fractions and negative numbers, which can be represented on a number line.", "Write amplification __knowledge__ Write amplification (WA) is an undesirable phenomenon associated with flash memory and solid-state drives (SSDs) where the actual amount of information physically written to the storage media is a multiple of the logical amount intended to be written.", "Write amplification __knowledge__ Because flash memory must be erased before it can be rewritten, with much coarser granularity of the erase operation when compared to the write operation, the process to perform these operations results in moving (or rewriting) user data and metadata more than once.", "Write amplification __knowledge__ Thus, rewriting some data requires an already used portion of flash to be read, updated and written to a new location, together with initially erasing the new location if it was previously used at some point in time; due to the way flash works, much larger portions of flash must be erased and rewritten than actually required by the amount of new data.", "Writer __knowledge__ A writer is a person who uses written words in various styles and techniques to communicate their ideas.", "Writer __knowledge__ Writers produce various forms of literary art and creative writing such as novels, short stories, poetry, plays, screenplays, and essays as well as various reports and news articles that may be of interest to the public.", "Writer __knowledge__ Writers' texts are published across a range of media.", "Writer __knowledge__ Skilled writers who are able to use language to express ideas well often contribute significantly to the cultural content of a society.", "Writer __knowledge__ The term \"writer\" is also used elsewhere in the arts – such as songwriter – but as a standalone \"writer\" normally refers to the creation of written language.", "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ Synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) is any dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) where the operation of its external pin interface is coordinated by an externally supplied clock signal.", "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ DRAM integrated circuits (ICs) produced from the early 1970s to mid-1990s used an \"asynchronous\" interface, in which input control signals have a direct effect on internal functions only delayed by the trip across its semiconductor pathways.", "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ SDRAM has a \"synchronous\" interface, whereby changes on control inputs are recognised after a rising edge of its clock input.", "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory __knowledge__ In SDRAM families standardized by JEDEC, the clock signal controls the stepping of an internal finite state machine that responds to incoming commands.", "Disk buffer __knowledge__ In computer storage, disk buffer (often ambiguously called disk cache or cache buffer) is the embedded memory in a hard disk drive (HDD) acting as a buffer between the rest of the computer and the physical hard disk platter that is used for storage.", "Disk buffer __knowledge__ Modern hard disk drives come with 8 to 256 MiB of such memory, and solid-state drives come with up to 1 GB of cache memory.", "Disk buffer __knowledge__ Since the late 1980s, nearly all disks sold have embedded microcontrollers and either an ATA, Serial ATA, SCSI, or Fibre Channel interface.", "Disk buffer __knowledge__ The drive circuitry usually has a small amount of memory, used to store the data going to and coming from the disk platters.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Bloomberg Businessweek is an American weekly business magazine published by Bloomberg L.P. \"Businessweek\" was founded in 1929.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine was created to provide information and interpretation about what was happening in the business world.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ It is headquartered in New York City.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Megan Murphy was appointed editor of the magazine in November 2016.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ She stepped down from the role in January 2017.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ Joel Weber was appointed in her place.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine is published 47 times a year.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ \"Businessweek\" was first published in September 1929, weeks before the stock market crash of 1929.", "Bloomberg Businessweek __knowledge__ The magazine provided information and opinions on what was happening in the business world at the time.", "Bloomberg L.P. __knowledge__ Bloomberg L.P. is a privately held financial software, data, and media company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Bloomberg L.P. __knowledge__ Bloomberg L.P. was founded by Michael Bloomberg in 1981, with the help of Thomas Secunda, Duncan MacMillan, Charles Zegar, and a 30% ownership investment by Merrill Lynch.", "Bloomberg L.P. __knowledge__ Bloomberg L.P. provides financial software tools such as an analytics and equity trading platform, data services, and news to financial companies and organizations through the Bloomberg Terminal (via its Bloomberg Professional Service), its core revenue-generating product.", "Bloomberg L.P. __knowledge__ Bloomberg L.P. also includes a wire service (Bloomberg News), a global television network (Bloomberg Television), digital websites, a radio station (WBBR), subscription-only newsletters, and three magazines: \"Bloomberg Businessweek\", \"Bloomberg Markets\", and \"Bloomberg Pursuits\".", "Bloomberg News __knowledge__ Bloomberg News is an international news agency headquartered in New York, United States and a division of Bloomberg L.P.", "Bloomberg News __knowledge__ Content produced by Bloomberg News is disseminated through Bloomberg Terminals, Bloomberg Television, Bloomberg Radio, \"Bloomberg Businessweek\", \"Bloomberg Markets\", Bloomberg.com and Bloomberg's mobile platforms.", "Bloomberg News __knowledge__ , John Micklethwait served as editor-in-chief.", "Bloomberg News __knowledge__ Bloomberg News, originally known as Bloomberg Business News, was co-founded by Michael Bloomberg and Matthew Winkler in 1990 to deliver financial news reporting to Bloomberg Terminal subscribers.", "Bloomberg News __knowledge__ The Bloomberg News agency was established in 1990 with a team of six people.", "Josh Tyrangiel __knowledge__ Josh Tyrangiel is an American journalist.", "Josh Tyrangiel __knowledge__ He was previously the deputy managing editor of \"TIME\" magazine and an editor at \"Bloomberg Businessweek\".", "Josh Tyrangiel __knowledge__ Josh Tyrangiel graduated high school from the Park School of Baltimore in 1990.", "Josh Tyrangiel __knowledge__ For his senior-year project, he worked as a member of the grounds crew for the Baltimore Orioles.", "Josh Tyrangiel __knowledge__ Tyrangiel attended the University of Pennsylvania as an undergraduate, and he received his master's degree in American Studies from Yale University.", "Josh Tyrangiel __knowledge__ After college, Tyrangiel worked at \"Vibe\" and \"Rolling Stone\" magazines and produced the news at MTV.", "Josh Tyrangiel __knowledge__ In 1999, he joined \"TIME\" as a staff writer and music critic.", "List of United States graduate business school rankings __knowledge__ List of United States business school rankings is a tabular listing of some of the business schools and their affiliated universities located in the United States that are included in one or more of the rankings of full-time Master of Business Administration programs.", "List of United States graduate business school rankings __knowledge__ Rankings are typically published by magazines or websites.", "List of United States graduate business school rankings __knowledge__ This list is not a comprehensive list of business schools in the United States.", "List of United States graduate business school rankings __knowledge__ These rankings are a subset of college and university rankings.", "List of United States graduate business school rankings __knowledge__ Business schools are university-level institutions generally affiliated with a university or college that produces students who attain business administration degrees.", "Kelley School of Business __knowledge__ The Kelley School of Business is a top ranking business school of Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana, United States.", "Kelley School of Business __knowledge__ As of 2017, approximately 7,500 full-time undergraduate and graduate students are enrolled on its Bloomington campus, as well as 1,740 students at the Indianapolis campus.", "Kelley School of Business __knowledge__ In addition, more than 800 students study for graduate degrees through the school's online MBA and MS programs through \"Kelley Direct\".", "Kelley School of Business __knowledge__ The School was established as \"School of Commerce and Finance\" of Indiana University in 1920.", "Kelley School of Business __knowledge__ It was subsequently renamed \"School of Business Administration\" in 1933 and \"School of Business\" in 1938.", "Crain's Chicago Business __knowledge__ Crain's Chicago Business is a weekly business newspaper in Chicago.", "Crain's Chicago Business __knowledge__ It is owned by Detroit-based Crain Communications, a privately held publishing company with more than 30 magazines, including \"Advertising Age\", \"Modern Healthcare\", \"Crain's New York Business\", \"Crain's Detroit Business\", \"Crain's Cleveland Business\", and \"Automotive News\".", "Crain's Chicago Business __knowledge__ It has a print circulation of 53,313 and a readership of 219,693 per week.", "Crain's Chicago Business __knowledge__ ChicagoBusiness.com, the paper's digital equivalent, draws over 1 million unique visitors per month and over 2.2 million page views per month.", "Crain's Chicago Business __knowledge__ The first issue of \"Crain's Chicago Business\" is dated April 17, 1978." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 42, 0 ]

[ "I have a publication with the New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, etc ", "Started as a weekly in 1925, the magazine is now published 47 times ", "I also edit for the Bloomberg Businessweek is an American weekly business magazine ", "Business, essays and cartoons" ]

[ "The New Yorker", "The New Yorker", "The New Yorker", "The New Yorker" ]

[ "Grey's Anatomy", "Is it a medical TV series?", "What's it all about?", "That sounds interesting. That's like playing a medical scene " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "House (TV series) __knowledge__ House (also called House, M.D.)", "House (TV series) __knowledge__ was an American television medical drama that originally ran on the Fox network for eight seasons, from November 16, 2004 to May 21, 2012.", "House (TV series) __knowledge__ The series' main character is Dr. Gregory House (Hugh Laurie), an unconventional, misanthropic medical genius who, despite his dependence on pain medication, leads a team of diagnosticians at the fictional Princeton–Plainsboro Teaching Hospital (PPTH) in New Jersey.", "House (TV series) __knowledge__ The series' premise originated with Paul Attanasio, while David Shore, who is credited as creator, was primarily responsible for the conception of the title character.", "Earl Holliman filmography __knowledge__ Earl Holliman (born September 11, 1928) is an American film and TV actor who has appeared in 96 features between 1953 and 2000, including recurring roles on the television series \"Hotel de Paree\", \"Police Woman\", and various guest spots on several syndicated television shows (including game and talk shows).", "Earl Holliman filmography __knowledge__ Few people have endured in a career, or a life, as Earl Holliman has; an exceptional talent whose body of work exceeds that of many who have found themselves a part of the entertainment industry, for Holliman, being a great and gifted story teller, has played out his characters and roles to such realism that he has proven himself as a legendary American character actor which, when viewed historically, becomes both evident and significant.", "Syrian Medical TV __knowledge__ Syrian Medical TV (Arabic القناة الطبية السورية الفضائية) is a television station based in Damascus, Syria.", "Barun Sobti __knowledge__ Barun Sobti (born 21 August 1984) is a Indian television and film actor.", "Barun Sobti __knowledge__ He started his acting career with the Star Plus' faith-oriented television series \"Shraddha\" (2009)\",\" and after a cameo in a negative role in the popular medical TV series\", Dill Mill Gayye,\" Sobti bagged the lead role in the popular Sony TV series Baat Hamari Pakki Hai (2010) and rose to fame through his portrayal of a carefree and irresponsible young man.", "Barun Sobti __knowledge__ Sobti became a household name when he starred in Star Plus' popular show \"Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon?", "Barun Sobti __knowledge__ (2011 TV series)\" for his portrayal as an angry and arrogant business tycoon in the show.", "List of M*A*S*H characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from the \"M*A*S*H\" franchise, covering the various fictional characters appearing in the novel \"\" and its sequels, the 1970 film adaptation of the novel, and the television series M*A*S*H, \"AfterMASH\", \"W*A*L*T*E*R\", and \"Trapper John, M.D.. M*A*S*H is a popular media franchise revolving around the staff of the 4077th Mobile Army Surgical Hospital as they attempt to maintain sanity during the harshness of the Korean War.", "List of M*A*S*H characters __knowledge__ Captain Benjamin Franklin \"Hawkeye\" Pierce is the lead protagonist in the \"MASH\" novels, film, and television series.", "Medical drama __knowledge__ A medical drama is a television program or film in which events center upon a hospital, an ambulance staff, or any medical environment and most medical episodes are one hour long and set in a hospital.", "Medical drama __knowledge__ Most current medical dramatic programming go beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives.", "Medical drama __knowledge__ A typical medical drama might have a storyline in which two doctors fall in love.", "Medical drama __knowledge__ Communications theorist Marshall McLuhan, in his on the nature of media, predicted success for this particular genre on TV because the medium \"creates an obsession with bodily welfare\".Currently, the longest running medical drama in the world is the British series \"Casualty\", airing since 1986.", "Index of Singapore-related articles __knowledge__ Articles related to Singapore include: .sg 117th IOC Session - 143 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force - 145 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force - 15 (film) - 165 Squadron, Republic of Singapore Air Force - 1952 Thomas Cup - 1955 Thomas Cup - 1958 Thomas Cup - 1958 in Singapore - 1959 in Singapore - 1960 in Singapore - 1961 in Singapore - 1962 in Singapore - 1963 in Singapore - 1964 Race Riots - 1964 in Singapore - 1965 in Singapore - 1966 in Singapore - 1967 in Singapore - 1968 in Singapore - 1969 in Singapore - 1970 in Singapore - 1971 in Singapore - 1972 in Singapore - 1973 Southeast Asian Peninsular Games - 1973 in Singapore - 1974 in Singapore - 1976 in Singapore - 1978 Singapore flood - 1978 in Singapore - 1979 in Singapore - 1980 in Singapore - 1981 in Singapore - 1982 in Singapore - 1983 Southeast Asian Games - 1983 in Singapore - 1984 AFC Asian Cup - 1984 in Singapore - 1985 in Singapore - 1986 in Singapore - 1987 Asian Championships in Athletics - 1987 in Singapore - 1988 in Singapore - 1990 in Singapore - 1991 in Singapore - 1992 in Singapore - 1993 Southeast Asian Games - 1993 in Singapore - 1994 in Singapore - 1995 in Singapore - 1996 in Singapore - 1997 Southeast Asian haze - 1997 in Singapore - 1998 in Singapore - 1999 in Singapore - 1st Malaya Infantry Brigade 24 Hours in the Lion City: When in Singapore, Drink Coffee - 2000 AD (film) - 2000 in Singapore - 2001 in Singapore - 2002 in Singapore - 2003 in Singapore - 2004 in Singapore - 2005 Le Tour de Langkawi - 2005 Singapore International Film Festival - 2005 Singapore Open - 2005 World Cyber Games - 2005 dengue outbreak in Singapore - 2005 in Malaysia - 2005 in Singapore - 2006 Le Tour de Langkawi - 2006 Malaysian Grand Prix - 2006 Singapore Fashion Festival - 2006 Singapore Open - 2006 Southeast Asian haze - 2006 in Malaysia - 2006 in Singapore - 2006-2007 Malaysian floods - 2007 ASEAN Football Championship - 2007 Singapore Super Series - 2013 Southeast Asian Games 4-Digits - 5 C's of Singapore 8 Days (magazine) - 883JiaFM - 8th Division (Australia) 938LIVE - 987FM A Million Treasures - A New Life (television drama) - A Perfect Day (album) - A Promise For Tomorrow - A Romance in Shanghai - A Wicked Tale - A-do - A1 Team Singapore - ABC DJ - ABR Holdings - AGM-114 Hellfire - AIM-120 AMRAAM - AMK Hub - ASEAN Scholarship - Aaron Lee - Abdul Halim bin Haron - Abdullah Tarmugi - Abigail Sin - Adam Chen - Adam Park Guild House - Adam Road Hospital - Addy Lee - Addy Rasidi - Admiralty MRT Station - Adnan Bin Saidi - Adrian Lim - Adrian Pang - Aetos Security Management - After Hours (Singaporean TV series) - Against the Light (album) - Agency for Science, Technology and Research - Agreement between New Zealand and Singapore on a Closer Economic Partnership - Agu Casmir - Ah Beng - Ah Lian - Ah Meng - Ahli Fiqir - Ahmad Latiff - Ai Tong School - Aide Iskandar - Aileen Tan - Air Accident Investigation Bureau of Singapore - Airport Logistics Park - Alan Tern - Alauddin Alam Shah - Albert Winsemius - Albirex Niigata FC (Singapore) - Alex Au - Alexandra Hospital - Alfian Sa'at - Alien Sun - Aljunied - Aljunied Group Representation Constituency - Aljunied MRT Station - Alkaff Bridge - Allan Ng - Allan Wu - Allco Finance Group - Allen & Overy - Allgreen Properties - Almond jelly - Alstom Metropolis - Alvin Pang - Alvin Tan - Alvin Yeo Khirn Hai - Amateur Ice Hockey Association of Singapore - American-British-Dutch-Australian Command - Amoy Street - Amy Khor Lean Suan - An Enchanted Life - An Ode To Life - Anchorvale - Anderson Bridge - Anderson Junior College - Anderson Secondary School - Andrew Clarke (administrator) - Andrew Phang - Andrew Seow - Ang Ching Hui - Ang Mo - Ang Mo Kio - Ang Mo Kio Bus Depot (SBS Transit) - Ang Mo Kio Bus Interchange - Ang Mo Kio Community Library - Ang Mo Kio Group Representation Constituency - Ang Mo Kio MRT Station - Ang Mo Kio New Town - Ang Mo Kio Planning Area - Ang Mo Kio Police Division - Ang Mo Kio Secondary School - Ang Mo Kio Secondary School National Cadet Corps (Air) - Ang Mo Kio Secondary School Symphonic Band - Ang Mong Seng - Ang Peng Siong - Ang Soon Tong - Angel's Dream - Anglican Diocese of Singapore - Anglican High School - Anglo-Chinese Junior College - Anglo-Chinese School - Anglo-Chinese School (Barker Road) - Anglo-Chinese School (Independent) - Anglo-Chinese School (International) Singapore - Anglo-Chinese School (Junior) - Anglo-Chinese School (Primary) - Anglo-Chinese School Old Boys' Association - Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 - Ann Kok - Ann Siang Hill - Anna Cummer - Anthony Poon - Anything and Whatever (soft drinks) - Apple Hong - April 2005 in Malaysia and Singapore - April 2006 in Malaysia and Singapore - Arab Singaporean - Arab Street - Archaeology in Singapore - Archdiocese of Singapore - Architecture of Singapore - Are you my Brother - Armbrust - Armenian Church, Singapore - Armenian Street, Singapore - Army Daze - Arthur Edward Barstow - Arthur Ernest Percival - Arthur Yap - Arthur Young (governor) - As You Like It (TV show) - Ashley Isham - Ashraf Safdar - Ashrin Shariff - Ashurst (law firm) - Asia-Europe Foundation - Asian Aerospace - Asian blue quail - Asian brown flycatcher - Asian Children's Festival - Asian Civilisations Museum - Asian koel - Asian Tour - Aspial Corporation - Asplenium nidus - Association of Muslim Professionals - Atm⁵ - August 2005 in Malaysia and Singapore - August Man Magazine - Australian International School Singapore - Australian rules football in Singapore - Autism Resource Centre (Singapore) - Autopass Card - Aviation in Singapore - Aw Boon Haw - Aw Boon Par - Awards For Singapore National Serviceman - Awards and decorations of the Singapore Armed Forces - Awards and decorations of the Singapore Police Force - Ayer Rajah - Ayer Rajah Expressway - Azman bin Abdullah Baby Blues (Singaporean TV series) - Baihakki Khaizan - Bak kut teh - Bakau LRT Station - Bakkwa - Balestier Hill Secondary School - Balestier Khalsa FC - Balestier Road - Bamboo orchid - Ban mian - Banana money - Banda Street - Bandung (drink) - Bangkit LRT Station - Banking in Singapore - Barings Bank - Barisan Sosialis - Barred buttonquail - Barry Desker - Bartley MRT Station - Bartley Secondary School - Basic Military Training Centre - Battle of Bukit Chandu - Battle of Bukit Timah - Battle of Pasir Panjang - Battle of Sarimbun Beach - Battle of Singapore - Bayfront MRT Station - Bayshore MRT Station - Be with Me - Beach Monorail Station - Beach Road, Singapore - Beach stone-curlew - Beaches of Singapore - Beats Society - Beautiful Connection - Beautiful Illusions - Beautiful Trio - Beauty World (musical) - Becoming Royston - Bedok - Bedok Bus Interchange - Bedok Lighthouse - Bedok MRT Station - Bedok North MRT Station - Bedok Police Division - Bedok Reservoir - Bedok Reservoir MRT Station - Bedok South MRT Station - Bedok South Secondary School - Bedok Stadium - Bedok View Secondary School - Bedok Village - Bee Cheng Hiang - Beijing Hualian Group - Belinda Ang Saw Ean - Bencoolen MRT Station - Bencoolen Street - Bendemeer MRT Station - Bengawan Solo (company) - Benjamin Henry Sheares - Benjamin Sheares Bridge - Berita Harian - Bernard Tan - Berwin Leighton Paisner - Best Actor & Best Actress nominations in the Star Awards - Best Denki - Bidadari Cemetery - Bionix AFV - Biopolis - Bioprocessing Technology Institute - Bishan Bus Interchange - Bishan Community Library - Bishan Depot - Bishan MRT Station - Bishan New Town - Bishan otter family - Bishan Park - Bishan Park Secondary School - Bishan Stadium - Bishan, Singapore - Bishan-Toa Payoh Group Representation Constituency - Bishop of Singapore - Black bittern - Black and white bungalow - Black pepper crab - Black-headed munia - Black-thighed falconet - Bloggers.SG - Blyth's hawk-eagle - Boat Quay - Bombardier CX-100 - Bonny Hicks - Boon Keng MRT Station - Boon Lay - Boon Lay Bus Interchange - Boon Lay MRT Station - Boon Tat Street - Borhan Abu Samah - Borouge - Botanic Gardens MRT Station - Boustead - Braddell MRT Station - Brani Naval Base - Bras Basah MRT Station - Bras Basah Road - BreadTalk - Bright Hill MRT Station - British Far East Command - British Military Administration - Broadcasting in Singapore - Brotherhood (2002 TV series) - Brown shrike - Bryan Wong - Buangkok - Buangkok MRT Station - Buddhism in Singapore - Bugis - Bugis Junction - Bugis MRT Station - Bugis Street - Build To Order - Bukit Batok Bus Interchange - Bukit Batok MRT Station - Bukit Batok Memorial - Bukit Batok New Town - Bukit Brown MRT Station - Bukit Chandu - Bukit Gombak - Bukit Gombak MRT Station - Bukit Gombak Stadium - Bukit Ho Swee Fire - Bukit Merah - Bukit Merah Bus Interchange - Bukit Panjang - Bukit Panjang Bus Interchange - Bukit Panjang Government High School - Bukit Panjang LRT Line - Bukit Panjang LRT Station - Bukit Panjang New Town - Bukit Panjang Primary School - Bukit Panjang Single Member Constituency - Bukit Pasoh Road - Bukit Timah - Bukit Timah Expressway - Bukit Timah Nature Reserve - Bukit Timah Primary School - Bukit Timah Road - Bukit Timah Satellite Earth Station - Bukit View Secondary School - Buona Vista - Buona Vista Bus Terminal - Buona Vista MRT Station - Bus routes in Singapore - Bus transport in Singapore - Business Times CEPAS - CHIJ Katong Convent - CHIJ Secondary (Toa Payoh) - CHIJ St. Nicholas Girls' School - CHIJMES - CISCO Security - COSCO - Cabinet of Singapore - Cable Car Monorail Station - Cadet Scout - Café Carte - Cages - Calvin Cheng - Cambridge Institute (Singapore) - Camps and bases of the Singapore Armed Forces - Campus SuperStar - Canada–Singapore relations - Canadian International School (Singapore) - Candlenut Kitchen - Caning in Singapore - Cantonese - Cantonment Road - Cao Cao (JJ Lin album) - Cao Cao (song) - CapitaGreen - CapitaLand - Capital Tower - Capital punishment in Singapore - Capitol Building, Singapore - Carlsberg Sky Tower - Carrefour - CashCard - Cashew MRT Station - Cathay Building - Cathay Cineleisure Orchard - Cathay Organisation - Cathedral of the Good Shepherd - Catherine Lim - Catholic High School (Singapore) - Catholic Junior College - Causeway Point - Cavenagh Bridge - Cebu Declaration on East Asian Energy Security - Cecil Clementi Smith - Cedar Girls' Secondary School - Censorship in Singapore - Central Area, Singapore - Central Beach Monorail Station - Central Catchment Nature Reserve - Central Expressway, Singapore - Central Fire Station, Singapore - Central Narcotics Bureau - Central Police Division - Central Provident Fund - Central Region, Singapore - Central Sikh Temple - Centre for Forensic Medicine - Centrepoint Kids - Century Square - Certificate of Entitlement - Chai Chee - Chai tow kway - Chan Heng Chee - Chan Pui Yin - Chan Sek Keong - Chan Soo Sen - Chan Tze Law - Chandran Nair (poet) - Change Alley - Changeable hawk-eagle - Changi - Changi (television) - Changi Air Base (East) - Changi Air Base (West) - Changi Airport MRT Station - Changi Airport PTB 1, 2 & 3 Bus Terminal - Changi Airport Skytrain - Changi Bay - Changi Beach Park - Changi Boardwalk - Changi Creek Reservoir - Changi Depot - Changi Exhibition Centre - Changi General Hospital - Changi International Airport Services - Changi Murals - Changi Naval Base - Changi Prison - Changi Sailing Club - Changi Village - Changi Village Bus Terminal - Changi Village Hotel - Channel NewsAsia - Chao Hick Tin - Chapati - Char kway teow - Char siu - Charles Andrew Dyce - Charles Goh - Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing - Chatsworth International School - Chay Yew - Chee Soon Juan - Chek Jawa - Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Explosive Defence Group - Chen Da Wei - Chen Hanwei - Chen Xiuhuan - Chendol - Cheng Lim LRT Station - Cheng San Group Representation Constituency - Cheong Choong Kong - Cheryl Chin - Chesed-El Synagogue - Chew Choon Seng - Chew Chor Meng - Chew Sin Huey - Chewing gum ban in Singapore - Chia Thye Poh - Chiam See Tong - Chicken Rice War - Chief Justice of Singapore - Chien-Kwan Lin - Chilli crab - Chin Swee Tunnel - Chin Tet Yung - China Aviation Oil (Singapore) Corporation Ltd - China–Singapore relations - Chinatown MRT Station - Chinatown, Singapore - Chinese egret - Chinese Garden MRT Station - Chinese Garden, Singapore - Chinese goshawk - Chinese pond heron - Chinese Protectorate - Chinese in Singapore - Chinese language romanisation in Singapore - Chinese middle schools riots - Chinese sausage - Chingay Parade - Chng Suan Tze v. Minister of Home Affairs - Choa Chu Kang - Choa Chu Kang Bus Interchange - Choa Chu Kang Cemetery - Choa Chu Kang MRT/LRT Station - Choa Chu Kang Mega Playground - Choa Chu Kang New Town - Choa Chu Kang Park - Choa Chu Kang Stadium - Chong Boon Secondary School - Chong Fah Cheong - Chong You Fook Charles - Chongzheng Primary School - Choo Hoey - Choo San Goh - Chophouse (building) - Christian Murchison - Christianity in Singapore - Christmas Island - Christopher Lee (Malaysian actor) - Christopher de Souza - Chua Chu Kang Single Member Constituency - Chua Ling Fung Simon - Chua Phung Kim - Chua Sock Koong - Chuang Yi - Chubby Hubby - Chung Cheng High School - Church of Our Lady Star of the Sea - Church of Saints Peter and Paul, Singapore - Church of the Holy Family, Singapore - Church of the Holy Trinity, Singapore - Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Singapore - Church of the Province of South East Asia - Church of the Risen Christ - Church of the Sacred Heart, Singapore - Chwee kueh - Cinema of Singapore - Cinnamon bittern - Circle MRT Line - Citibank Singapore - City Cab - City Council of Singapore - City Developments - City Hall MRT Station - City Hall, Singapore - City Harvest Church - City Harvest Community Services Association - CityLink Mall - Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore - Civil Defence Auxiliary Unit - Civilian War Memorial - Claire Wong - Clarke Quay - Clarke Quay MRT Station - Class 95 - Claypot chicken rice - Clementi Bus Interchange - Clementi MRT Station - Clementi New Town - Clementi Police Division - Clementi Primary School - Clementi Stadium - Clementi, Singapore - Clifford Chance - Clifford Pier - Club Street - Co-curricular activity (Singapore) - Co-ordinating Minister for National Security - Coat of arms of Singapore - Cocos (Keeling) Islands - Coleman Bridge, Singapore - Colin Goh - Colin Ng - Colin Teo - Colin Thurston - College of Medicine Building - Collyer Quay - ComfortDelGro - Commando Training Wing - CommerceNet Singapore - Commercial Affairs Department - Commercial and Industrial Security Corporation - Commissioner of Police (Singapore) - Common iora - Common Services Tunnel - Commonwealth MRT Station - Commonwealth Secondary School - Communicable Disease Centre - Communications in Singapore - Community Development Council - Companies listed on the Singapore Exchange - Company Sergeant Major - Compass Point Shopping Centre - Compassvale - Compassvale Bus Interchange - Compassvale LRT Station - Connaught Drive - Conrad Centennial Singapore - Conservation areas in Singapore - Constituencies of Singapore - Constitution of Singapore - Contact Singapore - Convent of the Holy Infant Jesus - Conway Pulford - Coral Edge LRT Station - Cordlife - Corporal - Corrective work order - Corridor (collection) - Corrinne May - Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau - Counter-terrorism in Singapore - Cove LRT Station - Craig Road - Creative Technology - Crescent Girls' School - Crimewatch (Singaporean TV series) - Criminal Law (Temporary Provisions) Act (Singapore) - Criminal law of Singapore - Crisis Negotiation Unit - Cross Street - Cross Street MRT Station - Crystal Jade Culinary Concept Holdings - Cuisine of Singapore - Cultural Medallion - Culture of Singapore - Curry puff - Cycle & Carriage - Cynthia Koh - Cyril Wong DBS Bank - DBS Bank (Hong Kong) - DLA Piper - DLF Cup 2006-07 - Dairy Farm International Holdings - Daisy Irani - Dakota MRT Station - Dalhousie Obelisk - Damai LRT Station, Singapore - Damai Secondary School - Damenlou Hotel - Dance in Singapore - Daniel Bennett (footballer) - Daniel Gaudet - Daniel Lian - Daniel Ong - Daphne Khoo - Daren Shiau - Daren Tan Sze Wei - Darshan Singh - Darwin Cubs - Dasmond Koh - David Lee (Singaporean footballer) - David Leo - David Lim Chee Wai - David Lim Fong Jock - David Lim Kim San - David Murray-Lyon - David Saul Marshall - Davinder Singh - Dawn Xiana Moon - Deal or No Deal (Singapore) - Death in Singapore - December 2005 in Malaysia and Singapore - Declaration of Religious Harmony - Democratic Progressive Party (Singapore) - Demographics of Singapore - Denis Lesley McSwiney - Denis Lian - Denise Keller - Denyse Tessensohn - Deputy Commissioner of Police (Singapore) - Design, Build and Sell Scheme - Desmond Koh (swimmer) - Devan Nair - Development Guide Plan - Devil's curry - Deyi Secondary School - Dhoby Ghaut - Dhoby Ghaut MRT Station - Dhsco - Dick Lee - Dickenson Hill Road - Dileep Nair - Dim Sum Dollies - Dim sum - Din Tai Fung - Disaster Assistance and Rescue Team - Dollah Kassim - Dollarbird - Dome (coffeehouse) - Donita Rose - Double Happiness (TV series) - Double Helix Bridge - Double Tenth Incident - Douhua - Dover MRT Station - Dover, Singapore - Downtown Core - Downtown MRT Line - Drew & Napier - Driving in Singapore - Drug Houses of Australia - Dunearn Secondary School - Dunman High School - Dunman Secondary School - Duxton Hill E.P.I.C - ECNAD - eSys Technologies - EZ-Link - Early history of Singapore - East Coast Group Representation Constituency - East Coast Lagoon - East Coast Park - East Coast Park Service Road - East Coast Parkway - East Coast Seafood Centre - East Region, Singapore - East Shore Hospital and Medical Centre - East Spring Primary School - East View Secondary School - East West MRT Line - East Zone (Singapore) - Eastern & Orient Express - Economic Development Board - Economy of Singapore - Eddie Chong - Edmund W. Barker - Education in Singapore - Edusave - Edwin Ferdinand Lee - Edwin Thumboo - Egg tart - Egmar Goncalves - Ekachai Uekrongtham - Elaine Wan Chan - Eleanor Wong (playwright) - Elections Department - Elections in Singapore - Electrico - Electronic Filing System - Electronic Road Pricing - Elgin Bridge - Elim Church Singapore - Elizabeth Choy - Elvin Ng - Embassy of Singapore in Washington - Emerald Hill, Singapore - Emilia sonchifolia - Empress Place Building - Endurance class landing platform dock ship - Energy Market Authority - Eng Wah Organization - Equinox Complex - Eric Khoo - Eric Low Siak Meng - Eric Moo - Ernest John Spooner - Erskine Road - Erzalmaniq Fawy Rawi - Escape Theme Park - Escape from Paradise - Esplanade - Theatres on the Bay - Esplanade Bridge - Esplanade MRT Station - Esplanade Park - Esplanade, Singapore - Establishments and installations of the Singapore Police Force - Eu Tong Sen Street - Eugene Kamenka - Eunice Olsen - Eunos Bus Interchange - Eunos Group Representation Constituency - Eunos MRT Station - Eunos, Singapore - Eurasians in Singapore - Evelyn Chan - Exercise Deep Sabre - Expo MRT Station - Expressway Monitoring and Advisory System - Expressways of Singapore F&N Coca-Cola - F&N Foods - FAS Premier League - FH-2000 - Facilities on the Mass Rapid Transit - Fairfield Methodist Primary School - Faith Community Baptist Church - Fajar LRT Station - Family Matters (Singaporean TV series) - Fandi Ahmad - Fann Wong - Fanntasy - Far East Hotels - Fares and ticketing on the Light Rapid Transit - Fares and ticketing on the Mass Rapid Transit - Farmway LRT Station - Farrer Park - Farrer Park MRT Station - Farrer Park United - Farrer Road MRT Station - Fast Response Car - Fast Response Vehicle - February 2006 in Malaysia and Singapore - Felicia Chin - Felix Cheong - Fernvale - Fernvale LRT Station - Ferry Terminal Monorail Station - Festival of Praise - FiRST movie magazine - Figments of Experience - Fiona Xie - First Sergeant - First Warrant Officer - Fish head curry - Five Power Defence Arrangements - Flag of Singapore - Flipside (film) - Flor Contemplacion - Fly Away (originally titled Corrinne May) - Fong Jen Arthur - Foo Kon Tan Grant Thornton - Foo Swee Chin - Foo Yee Shoon - Football Association of Singapore - - Foreign missions accredited to Singapore - Foreign relations of Singapore - Former Indian National Army Monument - Former Saint Joseph's Institution - Formidable class frigate - Fort Canning - Fort Canning Reservoir - Fort Canning Tunnel - Fort Siloso - Fort Siloso Monorail Station - Fort Tanjong Katong - Forum The Shopping Mall - Founding of modern Singapore - Fountain of Wealth - Four Asian Tigers - Four Mansions - Four Million Smiles - Fragrance Foodstuff - Francis Seow - Franklin Charles Gimson - Fraser and Neave - Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer - Friday Weekly - Fried rice - Fuchun Secondary School - Fuhua Primary School - Fuhua Secondary School - Fuk Tak Chi Temple - Funan DigitaLife Mall - Fuzhou dialect GES International - Gan Eng Seng - Gan Eng Seng School - Gan Eng Seng School Founding Site - Gan Huai Shi - Gan Kim Yong - Gardens by the Bay - Gateway Monorail Station - Gautam Malkani - Gedung Kuning - Geh Min - Germany–Singapore relations - Geoffroy's rousette - Geography and climate of Singapore - Geophagus altifrons - George Drumgoole Coleman - George Yeo - Gerard Ee - German Institute of Science and Technology (Singapore) - Getai - Geylang - Geylang Road - Geylang United FC - Ghee Hin Kongsi - Ghim Moh - Ghim Moh Bus Terminal - Giant Hypermarket - Gifted Education Programme (Singapore) - Girl Guides Singapore - Gleneagles Hospital and Medical Centre - Glenn Knight - Glenn Ong - Global Indian International School Singapore - Goh Chi Lan - Goh Chok Tong - Goh Keng Swee - Goh Poh Seng - Goh Sin Tub - Goh Soon Tioe - Goh Tat Chuan - Gold 90.5 FM - Golden Landmark Hotel - Golden Village - Gombak United FC - Gongshang Primary School - Goods and Services Tax (Singapore) - Goodwood Park Hotel - Gopal Baratham - Gordon Bennett (Australian soldier) - Gov.", "Holby City __knowledge__ Holby City (styled as HOLBY CIY) is a British medical drama television series that airs weekly on BBC One.", "Holby City __knowledge__ The series was created by Tony McHale and Mal Young as a spin-off from the established BBC medical drama \"Casualty\", and premiered on 12 January 1999.", "Holby City __knowledge__ It is set in the same hospital as \"Casualty\", in the fictional city of Holby, and featured occasional crossovers of characters and plots with both \"Casualty\" (which featured dedicated episodes broadcast as \"Casualty@Holby City\") and the show's 2007 police procedural spin-off \"HolbyBlue\".", "Holby City __knowledge__ Its first executive producers were Young and Johnathan Young, who were succeeded by Kathleen Hutchison from 2002 to 2004, Richard Stokes from 2004 to 2006, McHale from 2006 to 2010, Belinda Campbell from 2010 to 2011, Johnathan Young from 2011 to 2013, Oliver Kent from 2013 to 2017 and Simon Harper from 2017.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ Meredith Grey, M.D.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ is a fictional character from the medical drama television series \"Grey's Anatomy\", which airs on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) in the United States.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ The character was created by series' producer Shonda Rhimes, and is portrayed by actress Ellen Pompeo.", "Meredith Grey __knowledge__ Meredith is the series' protagonist and title character, and was introduced as a surgical intern at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital (later Seattle Grace-Mercy West, and afterwards Grey Sloan Memorial), eventually obtaining the position of a resident, and later the position of an attending, and in 2015, attaining the Chief of General Surgery position.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 3) __knowledge__ The third season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, commenced airing on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on September 21, 2006, and concluded on May 17, 2007.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 3) __knowledge__ The season was produced by Touchstone Television, in association with Shondaland Production Company and The Mark Gordon Company, the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 3) __knowledge__ Actors Ellen Pompeo, Sandra Oh, Katherine Heigl, Justin Chambers, and T.R.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 3) __knowledge__ Knight reprised their roles as surgical interns Meredith Grey, Cristina Yang, Izzie Stevens, Alex Karev, and George O'Malley, respectively, continuing their expansive storylines as focal points throughout the season.", "Private Practice (TV series) __knowledge__ Private Practice is an American medical drama television series which aired on ABC from September 26, 2007, to January 22, 2013.", "Private Practice (TV series) __knowledge__ A spin-off of \"Grey's Anatomy\", the series takes place at Seaside Wellness Center (formerly Oceanside Health & Wellness Group) and chronicles the life of Dr. Addison Montgomery, played by Kate Walsh, as she leaves Seattle Grace Hospital in order to join a private practice, located in Los Angeles.", "Private Practice (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Private Practice\" also revolves around Addison's co-workers at Seaside Wellness Center, and how they deal with patients and the practice while still finding time to live their everyday lives.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ Ellen Kathleen Pompeo (born November 10, 1969) is an American actress, director and producer.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ She is one of the highest paid television actors, having signed a $20 million annual contract with the American Broadcasting Company in January 2018.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ She was honored with the 2007 Special Achievement in Entertaining by the National Italian American Foundation for her achievements in the entertainment industry.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ Born in Everett, Massachusetts, Pompeo moved to New York City at 26 where she was discovered by a casting director who signed her for an advertisement campaign for L'Oreal.", "Ellen Pompeo __knowledge__ She made her screen debut with NBC's legal drama \"Law & Order\", and then guest-starred in other television shows, including the comedy \"Strangers with Candy\", the medical drama \"Strong Medicine\" and \"Friends\".", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy, began airing in the United States on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on March 27, 2005, and concluded on May 22, 2005.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season introduces the main character, Meredith Grey, as she enrolls in Seattle Grace Hospital's internship program and faces unexpected challenges and surprises.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ Season one had nine series regulars, four of whom have been part of the main cast ever since.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 1) __knowledge__ The season initially served as a mid-season replacement for the legal drama \"Boston Legal\", airing in the Sunday night time slot at 10:00, after \"Desperate Housewives\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of Disney–ABC Television Group, a subsidiary of the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ There are additional major offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank, California.", "American Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Since 2007, when ABC Radio (also known as Cumulus Media Networks) was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC has reduced its broadcasting operations almost exclusively to television.", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation.", "CBS __knowledge__ The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS is sometimes referred to as the \"Eye Network\", in reference to the company's iconic logo, in use since 1951.", "CBS __knowledge__ It has also been called the \"Tiffany Network\", alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley.", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Fox Broadcasting Company (often shortened to Fox and stylized as FOX) is an American commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of Fox Entertainment Group, a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox.", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ The network is headquartered at the 20th Century Fox studio in Los Angeles, with additional major offices and production facilities at the Fox Television Center also in Los Angeles and the Fox Broadcasting Center in New York City.", "Fox Broadcasting Company __knowledge__ Launched on October 9, 1986, as a competitor to the Big Three television networks (ABC, NBC and CBS), Fox went on to become the most successful attempt at a fourth television network.", "History of broadcasting in Australia __knowledge__ The history of broadcasting in Australia has been shaped for over a century by the problem of communication across long distances, coupled with a strong base in a wealthy society with a deep taste for aural communications in a silent landscape.", "History of broadcasting in Australia __knowledge__ Australia developed its own system, through its own engineers, manufacturers, retailers, newspapers, entertainment services, and news agencies.", "History of broadcasting in Australia __knowledge__ The government set up the first radio system, and business interests marginalized the hobbyists and amateurs.", "History of broadcasting in Australia __knowledge__ The Labor Party was especially interested in radio because it allowed them to bypass the newspapers, which were mostly controlled by the opposition.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ TGIF is the name of a defunct American prime time television programming block that aired on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), initially from 1989 to 2000.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ The name comes from the initials of the popular phrase \"Thank God It's Friday\"; however, the stars of the lineup touted the abbreviation as meaning \"Thank Goodness It's Funny.\"", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ The block mainly featured situation comedies aimed at a family audience.", "TGIF (ABC) __knowledge__ It marked one of the first attempts by a major network to brand a programming block, with the goal of encouraging young viewers to watch the entire lineup, instead of just a particular show.", "Blue Network __knowledge__ The Blue Network (previously the NBC Blue Network) was the on-air name of the now defunct American radio network, which ran from 1927 to 1945.", "Blue Network __knowledge__ Beginning as one of the two radio networks owned by the National Broadcasting Company, the independent Blue Network was born of a divestiture in 1942, arising from anti-trust litigation, and is the direct predecessor of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) - organized 1943-1945 as a separate independent radio network and later TV broadcaster.", "Blue Network __knowledge__ The Blue Network dates to 1923, when the Radio Corporation of America acquired WJZ Newark from Westinghouse (which had created the station in 1921) and moved it to New York City in May of that year." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005, on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The title is a play on \"Gray's Anatomy\", a classic human anatomy textbook first published in 1858 in London and written by Henry Gray.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Shonda Rhimes developed the pilot and continues to write for the series; she is also one of the executive producers, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ Although the series is set in Seattle (at the fictional Seattle Grace, later known as the Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital), it is filmed primarily in Los Angeles, California.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The show was originally titled \"Complications\", a double-edged reference to both the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ The series was designed to be racially diverse and used color-blind casting.", "Grey's Anatomy __knowledge__ It revolves around the title character, Dr. Meredith Grey, played by Ellen Pompeo, first featured as an intern.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Arthur Penhallow (born December 20, 1943) is a radio presenter in Detroit, Michigan who hosted afternoons on active rock station WRIF from 1970-2009.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ On March 30, 2009, WRIF owner Greater Media announced that the station and Penhallow had been unable to come to terms on a new contract.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Penhallow was born in Honolulu, Hawaii.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Arthur being a Vietnam veteran served in the USAF from 1962 through 1968.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Before beginning his long tenure with WRIF, Art had toured with a band that played with the Mamas & the Papas, among others.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Under the name \"Cicero Grimes\", he worked at WNRZ in Ann Arbor in 1970, and then moved to WRIF's predecessor, WXYZ-FM, which at the time was airing a syndicated progressive-rock format distributed by ABC called \"Love\".", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ Derek Jewell, (1927 - 21 November 1985) was a British writer, broadcaster and music critic.", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ A music critic for the London \"Sunday Times\" for twenty-three years, Jewell wrote extensively about jazz, and also introduced British audiences to avant garde jazz, rock and improvisational music, especially through live performances on his BBC Radio show, \"Sounds Interesting\".", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ In addition to producing columns of music criticism for the \"Sunday Times\" (he also wrote periodically for the now-defunct \"Illustrated London News\"), Jewell was the author of a number of books about popular music including \"The Popular Voice\" (1980), \"Duke - A Portrait of Duke Ellington\" (1977), and \"Frank Sinatra\" (co-written with George Perry, 1985).", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ Keith Noel Emerson (2 November 1944 – 11 March 2016) was an English musician and composer.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ He played keyboards in a number of bands before finding his first commercial success with the Nice in the late 1960s.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ He became internationally famous for his work with the Nice, which included writing rock arrangements of classical music.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ After leaving the Nice in 1970, he was a founding member of Emerson, Lake & Palmer (ELP), one of the early progressive rock supergroups.", "Keith Emerson __knowledge__ Emerson, Lake & Palmer were commercially successful through much of the 1970s, becoming one of the best-known progressive rock groups of the era.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. __knowledge__ Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. (; August 29, 1809 – October 7, 1894) was an American physician, poet, and polymath based in Boston.", "Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. __knowledge__ A member of the Fireside Poets, he was acclaimed by his peers as one of the best writers of the day.", "Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. __knowledge__ His most famous prose works are the \"Breakfast-Table\" series, which began with \"The Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table\" (1858).", "Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. __knowledge__ He was also an important medical reformer.", "Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. __knowledge__ In addition to his work as an author and poet, Holmes also served as a physician, professor, lecturer and inventor and, although he never practiced it, he received formal training in law.", "Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. __knowledge__ Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Holmes was educated at Phillips Academy and Harvard College.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ James Marshall \"Jimi\" Hendrix (born Johnny Allen Hendrix; November 27, 1942 – September 18, 1970) was an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Although his mainstream career spanned only four years, he is widely regarded as one of the most influential electric guitarists in the history of popular music, and one of the most celebrated musicians of the 20th century.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame describes him as \"arguably the greatest instrumentalist in the history of rock music\".", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ Born in Seattle, Washington, Hendrix began playing guitar at the age of 15.", "Jimi Hendrix __knowledge__ In 1961, he enlisted in the U.S. Army and trained as a paratrooper in the 101st Airborne Division; he was granted an honorable discharge the following year.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Thomas Todd Manning is a fictional character from the American daytime drama \"One Life to Live\" (\"OLTL\").", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Created by writer Michael Malone, the role was originated in 1992 by actor Roger Howarth.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Todd was a college student and fraternity brother to Kevin Buchanan, Zach Rosen, and Powell Lord.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ In 1993, following a storyline in which he becomes acquainted with Marty Saybrooke, he initiates a gang rape on her with the help of Zach and Powell.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ The storyline was considered groundbreaking by television critics.", "Todd Manning __knowledge__ Its main players—Howarth, Susan Haskell (Marty), and Hillary B. Smith (Todd's lawyer Nora Hanen)—won Emmys in 1994, as did Malone and his writing team.", "List of Grey's Anatomy cast members __knowledge__ \"Grey's Anatomy\" is an American television medical drama that debuted on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), as a mid-season replacement for \"Boston Legal\" on March 27, 2005.", "List of Grey's Anatomy cast members __knowledge__ While creating the show, producers put an emphasis on the casting process.", "List of Grey's Anatomy cast members __knowledge__ The series has aired for thirteen seasons, and focuses on the fictional lives of surgical interns and residents, as they gradually evolve into seasoned doctors, while trying to maintain personal lives.", "List of Grey's Anatomy cast members __knowledge__ The show's premise originated with Shonda Rhimes, who serves as an executive producer, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ Residency is a stage of graduate medical training.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ A resident or house officer is a physician (one who holds the degree of M.D., D.O., or MBBS, MBChB, or BMed) who practices medicine usually in a hospital or clinic under the direct or indirect supervision of an attending physician.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ Successful completion of a residency program is a requirement to obtaining an unrestricted license to practice medicine in many jurisdictions.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ Residency training may be followed by fellowship or \"sub-specialty\" training.", "Residency (medicine) __knowledge__ Whereas medical school teaches physicians a broad range of medical knowledge, basic clinical skills, and supervised experience practicing medicine in a variety of fields, medical residency gives in-depth training within a specific branch of medicine.", "List of Grey's Anatomy episodes __knowledge__ \"Grey's Anatomy\" is an American medical drama television series that premiered on American Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement on March 27, 2005.", "List of Grey's Anatomy episodes __knowledge__ The series has aired for thirteen seasons, and focuses on the fictional lives of surgical interns and residents as they evolve into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives.", "List of Grey's Anatomy episodes __knowledge__ The show's premise originated with Shonda Rhimes, who serves as an executive producer, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg.", "List of Grey's Anatomy episodes __knowledge__ The series was created to be racially diverse, utilizing a color-blind casting technique.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the NBC/ABC American comedy-drama \"Scrubs\".", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Zach Braff portrays Dr. John Michael \"J.D.\"", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Dorian, the show's original protagonist and narrator.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ J.D.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ begins the series as a staff intern, progressing to resident and then attending physician.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ His voice-over to the series comes from his internal thoughts and often features surreal fantasies.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ J.D.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ was a recurring character in Season 9, though he was still considered to be the protagonist of the episodes in which he appeared.", "List of Scrubs characters __knowledge__ Braff received top billing as a main cast member in each of his appearances for that season.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 2) __knowledge__ The second season of the American television medical drama Grey's Anatomy commenced airing on the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) on September 25, 2005, and concluded on May 15, 2006.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 2) __knowledge__ The season was produced by Touchstone Television, in association with Shondaland production company and The Mark Gordon Company, the showrunner being Shonda Rhimes.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 2) __knowledge__ Actors Ellen Pompeo, Sandra Oh, Katherine Heigl, Justin Chambers, and T.R.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 2) __knowledge__ Knight reprised their roles as surgical interns Meredith Grey, Cristina Yang, Izzie Stevens, Alex Karev, and George O'Malley, respectively.", "Grey's Anatomy (season 2) __knowledge__ Previous main cast members Chandra Wilson, James Pickens, Jr., Isaiah Washington, and Patrick Dempsey also returned, while Kate Walsh, who began the season in a recurring capacity, was promoted to series regular status, after appearing in seven episodes as a guest star.", "Ruggs, Oregon __knowledge__ Ruggs is an unincorporated community located in the southern portion of Morrow County, Oregon, United States.", "Ruggs, Oregon __knowledge__ Ruggs lies at the junction of Oregon Route 206, Oregon Route 207, Rhea Creek Road, and Upper Rhea Creek Road.", "Ruggs, Oregon __knowledge__ The community is situated at an elevation of .", "Ruggs, Oregon __knowledge__ The community is named after Edward E. Rugg Jr., one of many in the Rugg family who were prominent farmers and ranchers in the area starting in the early 1900s.", "Ruggs, Oregon __knowledge__ Ruggs also at times has been referred to as \"Ruggs Junction\" or \"Ruggs District.\"", "Ruggs, Oregon __knowledge__ Ruggs' geologic history echoes that of other areas in the region.", "Ruggs, Oregon __knowledge__ Ruggs is geologically situated within the Columbia Basin, a region overlain with Loess soils and rugged basaltic foothills that were the product of glacial floods and Columbia River Basalt Group lava flows." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 2, 47 ]

[ "Grey's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on March 27, 2005", "Yes it Broadcasting Company (ABC) as a mid-season replacement.", "fictional series focuses on the lives of surgical interns, residents, and attending physicians, as they develop into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships.", "It originated with Shonda Rhimes, who serves as an executive producer, along with Betsy Beers, Mark Gordon, Krista Vernoff, Rob Corn, Mark Wilding, and Allan Heinberg." ]

[ "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy", "Grey's Anatomy" ]

[ "Ketogenic diet", "That's awesome! I have been off and on a Keto diet for the last couple of months", "I did. I purchased keto test trips to test my ketone levels. I lost about 12 lbs the first month.", "wow, i didn't know that. but i did know it is great for women with PCOS and infertility" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial.", "7-Keto-DHEA __knowledge__ 7-Ketodehydroepiandrosterone (7-keto-DHEA), also known as 7-oxoprasterone, is a steroid produced by metabolism of the prohormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).", "7-Keto-DHEA __knowledge__ 7-Keto-DHEA is not directly converted to testosterone or estrogen, and has thus been investigated as a potentially more useful relative of DHEA.", "7-Keto-DHEA __knowledge__ It is often used as the acetate ester prodrug 7-keto-DHEA acetate.", "7-Keto-DHEA __knowledge__ While \"in vitro\" and animal studies have suggested potential uses for 7-keto-DHEA in humans, there is currently limited scientific evidence to support its use as a weight-loss aid, muscle-builder, immune stimulant, or for any other clinical use.", "Oral mucosa tissue engineering __knowledge__ Tissue engineering of oral mucosa combines cells, materials and engineering to produce a three-dimensional reconstruction of oral mucosa.", "Oral mucosa tissue engineering __knowledge__ It is meant to simulate the real anatomical structure and function of oral mucosa.", "Oral mucosa tissue engineering __knowledge__ Tissue engineered oral mucosa shows promise for clinical use, such as the replacement of soft tissue defects in the oral cavity.", "Oral mucosa tissue engineering __knowledge__ These defects can be divided into two major categories: the gingival recessions (receding gums) which are tooth-related defects, and the non tooth-related defects.", "Oral mucosa tissue engineering __knowledge__ Non tooth-related defects can be the result of trauma, chronic infection or defects caused by tumor resection or ablation (in the case of oral cancer).", "List of captive orcas __knowledge__ This article gives a list of captive orcas, or killer whales, large predatory marine mammals that were first captured live and displayed in exhibitions in the 1960s, or were subsequently born in zoological facilities.", "List of captive orcas __knowledge__ They soon became popular attractions at public aquariums and aquatic theme parks due to their intelligence, trainability, striking appearance, playfulness in captivity and sheer size.", "List of captive orcas __knowledge__ As of September 2015, 58 orcas are cared for at facilities in North and South America, Europe and Asia, providing education for researchers and entertainment for park visitors.", "List of captive orcas __knowledge__ The first North Eastern Pacific orca, Wanda, was captured in November 1961 by a collecting crew from Marineland of the Pacific, and over the next 15 years, around 60 or 70 orcas were taken from Pacific waters for this purpose.", "Death of Alexis Martínez __knowledge__ Alexis Martínez was an orca trainer at Loro Parque’s \"Orca Ocean\" in the Canary Islands, who was killed by a SeaWorld-owned orca, Keto.", "Death of Alexis Martínez __knowledge__ Loro Parque (Spanish for \"parrot park\") is a zoo located on the outskirts of Puerto de la Cruz on Tenerife.", "Death of Alexis Martínez __knowledge__ The park has the world's largest indoor penguin exhibition and the longest shark tunnel in Europe and is one of only two parks in Europe to house killer whales.", "Death of Alexis Martínez __knowledge__ In 2004 and 2005, before the first four orcas were brought to Loro Parque, eight animal trainers from the park were sent to SeaWorld parks in Texas and Florida for training.", "Death of Alexis Martínez __knowledge__ Four SeaWorld orcas were delivered by wide-body cargo plane in February 2006, and various SeaWorld staff occasionally traveled to Loro Parque.", "Keto–enol tautomerism __knowledge__ In organic chemistry, keto–enol tautomerism refers to a chemical equilibrium between a keto form (a ketone or an aldehyde) and an enol (an alcohol).", "Keto–enol tautomerism __knowledge__ The enol and keto forms are said to be tautomers of each other.", "Keto–enol tautomerism __knowledge__ The interconversion of the two forms involves the movement of an alpha hydrogen and the shifting of bonding electrons; hence, the isomerism qualifies as tautomerism.", "Keto–enol tautomerism __knowledge__ A compound containing a carbonyl group (C=O) is normally in rapid equilibrium with an enol tautomer, which contains a pair of doubly bonded carbon atoms adjacent to a hydroxyl (−OH) group, C=C-OH.", "Keto–enol tautomerism __knowledge__ The keto form predominates at equilibrium for most ketones.", "Fatty acid synthesis __knowledge__ Fatty acid synthesis is the creation of fatty acids from acetyl-CoA and NADPH through the action of enzymes called fatty acid synthases.", "Fatty acid synthesis __knowledge__ This process takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell.", "Fatty acid synthesis __knowledge__ Most of the acetyl-CoA which is converted into fatty acids is derived from carbohydrates via the glycolytic pathway.", "Fatty acid synthesis __knowledge__ The glycolytic pathway also provides the glycerol with which three fatty acids can combine (by means of ester bonds) to form triglycerides (also known as \"triacylglycerols\", to distinguish them from fatty \"acids\" - or simply as \"fat\"), the final product of the lipogenic process.", "Fatty acid synthesis __knowledge__ When only two fatty acids combine with glycerol and the third alcohol group is phosphorylated with a group such as phosphatidylcholine, a phospholipid is formed.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), also known as refractory epilepsy or pharmacoresistant epilepsy, is defined as failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen and used antiepileptic drugs (AED schedules) (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ The probability that the next medication will achieve seizure freedom drops with every failed AED; for example after two failed AEDs the probability that the third will achieve seizure freedom is around 4%.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ Drug-resistant epilepsy is commonly diagnosed after several years of uncontrolled seizures however in most cases it is evident much earlier.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a metabolic state in which some of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis in which blood glucose provides energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a result of metabolizing fat to provide energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a nutritional process characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 mM, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides).", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ GLUT1 deficiency, also known as De Vivo disease, is an autosomal dominant, genetic metabolic disorder associated with a deficiency of GLUT1, the protein that transports glucose across the blood brain barrier also known as Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS).", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ Glucose Transporter Type 1 Deficiency Syndrome has an estimated birth incidence of 1 in 90,000.", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ This birth incidence translates to an estimated prevalence of 3,000 to 7,000 in the U.S. Glut1 deficiency is characterized by an array of signs and symptoms including deceleration of head growth also known as microcephaly, mental and motor developmental delays, infantile seizures refractory to anticonvulsants, ataxia, dystonia, dysarthria, opsoclonus, spasticity, and other paroxysmal neurologic phenomena.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A cyclic ketogenic diet (or carb-cycling) is a low-carbohydrate diet with intermittent periods of high or moderate carbohydrate consumption.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ This is a form of the general ketogenic diet that is used as a way to maximize fat loss while maintaining the ability to perform high-intensity exercise.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A ketogenic diet limits the number of grams of carbohydrate the dieter may eat, which may be anywhere between 0 and 50g per day.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The remainder of the caloric intake must come primarily from fat sources, as well as protein sources, in order to maintain ketosis.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ (Ketosis is the condition in which the body burns fats and uses ketones instead of glucose for fuel.)", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ ...First Do No Harm is a 1997 American made-for-television drama film directed by Jim Abrahams about a boy whose severe epilepsy, unresponsive to medications with terrible side effects, is controlled by the ketogenic diet.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ Aspects of the story mirror Abrahams' own experience with his son Charlie.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ The film tells a story in the life of a Midwestern family, the Reimullers.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ Lori (played by Meryl Streep) is the mother of three children and the wife of Dave (Fred Ward), a truck driver.", "...First Do No Harm __knowledge__ The family are presented as happy, normal and comfortable financially: they have just bought a horse and are planning a holiday to Hawaii.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The emphasis of the treatment of bipolar disorder is on effective management of the long-term course of the illness, which can involve treatment of emergent symptoms.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Treatment methods include pharmacological and psychological techniques.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ The primary treatment for bipolar disorder consists of medications called mood stabilizers, which are used to prevent or control episodes of mania or depression.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Medications from several classes have mood stabilizing activity.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ Many individuals may require a combination of medication to achieve full remission of symptoms.", "Treatment of bipolar disorder __knowledge__ As it is impossible to predict which medication will work best for a particular individual, it may take some trial and error to find the best medication or combination for a specific patient." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a metabolic state in which some of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis in which blood glucose provides energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a result of metabolizing fat to provide energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a nutritional process characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 mM, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides).", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Couples is the fifth season of the NBC reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\".", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season premiered on January 1, 2008 with ten overweight couples competing for a cash prize of $250,000.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ This season featured Alison Sweeney as the host, with trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels; all three returning from season four.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Although the contestants came in as teams of two (couples), the grand prize was eventually awarded to an individual.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ In the end Ali Vincent won, making her the first female winner in the history of the United States \"Biggest Loser\" series.", "The Biggest Loser (season 5) __knowledge__ Total Votes counts only votes that are revealed at elimination.", "Ketone __knowledge__ In chemistry, a ketone (alkanone) is an organic compound with the structure RC(=O)R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents.", "Ketone __knowledge__ Ketones and aldehydes are simple compounds that contain a carbonyl group (a carbon-oxygen double bond).", "Ketone __knowledge__ They are considered \"simple\" because they do not have reactive groups like −OH or −Cl attached directly to the carbon atom in the carbonyl group, as in carboxylic acids containing −COOH.", "Ketone __knowledge__ Many ketones are known and many are of great importance in industry and in biology.", "Ketone __knowledge__ Examples include many sugars (ketoses) and the industrial solvent acetone, which is the smallest ketone.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a potentially life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms may include vomiting, abdominal pain, deep gasping breathing, increased urination, weakness, confusion, and occasionally loss of consciousness.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ A person's breath may develop a specific smell.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Onset of symptoms is usually rapid.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ In some cases people may not realize they previously had diabetes.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ DKA happens most often in those with type 1 diabetes, but can also occur in those with other types of diabetes under certain circumstances.", "Diabetic ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Triggers may include infection, not taking insulin correctly, stroke, and certain medications such as steroids.", "Ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Ketoacidosis is a metabolic state associated with high concentrations of ketone bodies, formed by the breakdown of fatty acids and the deamination of amino acids.", "Ketoacidosis __knowledge__ The two common ketones produced in humans are acetoacetic acid and β-hydroxybutyrate.", "Ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Ketoacidosis is a pathological metabolic state marked by extreme and uncontrolled ketosis.", "Ketoacidosis __knowledge__ In ketoacidosis, the body fails to adequately regulate ketone production causing such a severe accumulation of keto acids that the pH of the blood is substantially decreased.", "Ketoacidosis __knowledge__ In extreme cases ketoacidosis can be fatal.", "Ketoacidosis __knowledge__ Ketoacidosis is most common in untreated type 1 diabetes mellitus, when the liver breaks down fat and proteins in response to a perceived need for respiratory substrate.", "7-Keto-DHEA __knowledge__ 7-Ketodehydroepiandrosterone (7-keto-DHEA), also known as 7-oxoprasterone, is a steroid produced by metabolism of the prohormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).", "7-Keto-DHEA __knowledge__ 7-Keto-DHEA is not directly converted to testosterone or estrogen, and has thus been investigated as a potentially more useful relative of DHEA.", "7-Keto-DHEA __knowledge__ It is often used as the acetate ester prodrug 7-keto-DHEA acetate.", "7-Keto-DHEA __knowledge__ While \"in vitro\" and animal studies have suggested potential uses for 7-keto-DHEA in humans, there is currently limited scientific evidence to support its use as a weight-loss aid, muscle-builder, immune stimulant, or for any other clinical use.", "Starvation response __knowledge__ Starvation response in animals is a set of adaptive biochemical and physiological changes that reduce metabolism in response to a lack of food.", "Starvation response __knowledge__ Equivalent or closely related terms include famine response, starvation mode, famine mode, starvation resistance, starvation tolerance, adapted starvation, adaptive thermogenesis, fat adaptation, and metabolic adaptation.", "Starvation response __knowledge__ Starvation contributes to tolerance during infection, as nutrients become limited when they are sequestered by host defenses and consumed by proliferating bacteria.", "Starvation response __knowledge__ One of the most important causes of starvation induced tolerance in vivo is biofilm growth, which occurs in many chronic infections.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A cyclic ketogenic diet (or carb-cycling) is a low-carbohydrate diet with intermittent periods of high or moderate carbohydrate consumption.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ This is a form of the general ketogenic diet that is used as a way to maximize fat loss while maintaining the ability to perform high-intensity exercise.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ A ketogenic diet limits the number of grams of carbohydrate the dieter may eat, which may be anywhere between 0 and 50g per day.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The remainder of the caloric intake must come primarily from fat sources, as well as protein sources, in order to maintain ketosis.", "Cyclic ketogenic diet __knowledge__ (Ketosis is the condition in which the body burns fats and uses ketones instead of glucose for fuel.)", "Ketone bodies __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are three water-soluble molecules (acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and their spontaneous breakdown product, acetone) that are produced by the liver from fatty acids during periods of low food intake (fasting), carbohydrate restrictive diets, starvation, prolonged intense exercise, alcoholism or in untreated (or inadequately treated) type 1 diabetes mellitus.", "Ketone bodies __knowledge__ These ketone bodies are readily picked up by the extra-hepatic tissues, and converted into acetyl-CoA which then enters the citric acid cycle and is oxidized in the mitochondria for energy.", "Ketone bodies __knowledge__ In the brain, ketone bodies are also used to make acetyl-CoA into long-chain fatty acids.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Weight management techniques encompass long-term lifestyle strategies that promote healthy eating and daily physical activity.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Effective weight management strategies consider not only weight loss toward but also the maintenance of a healthy body weight over time.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Moreover, weight management involves an understanding of meaningful ways to track weight over time and set ideal body weights for different individuals.", "Weight management __knowledge__ Weight management does not include fad diets that promote quick, temporary weight loss.", "Weight management __knowledge__ It focuses on the long-term results that are achieved through slow weight loss, followed by retention of an ideal body weight for age, sex and height.", "Ketotic hypoglycemia __knowledge__ Ketotic hypoglycemia is a medical term used in two ways: (1) broadly, to refer to any circumstance in which low blood glucose is accompanied by ketosis, and (2) in a much more restrictive way to refer to recurrent episodes of hypoglycemic symptoms with ketosis and, often, vomiting, in young children.", "Ketotic hypoglycemia __knowledge__ The first usage refers to a pair of metabolic states (hypoglycemia plus ketosis) that can have many causes, while the second usage refers to a specific \"disease\" called ketotic hypoglycemia.", "Ketotic hypoglycemia __knowledge__ There are hundreds of causes of hypoglycemia.", "Ketotic hypoglycemia __knowledge__ Normally, the defensive, physiological response to a falling blood glucose is reduction of insulin secretion to undetectable levels, and release of glucagon, adrenaline, and other counterregulatory hormones." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketogenic diet is a high-fat, adequate-protein, low-carbohydrate diet that in medicine is used primarily to treat difficult-to-control (refractory) epilepsy in children.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The diet forces the body to burn fats rather than carbohydrates.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Normally, the carbohydrates contained in food are converted into glucose, which is then transported around the body and is particularly important in fueling brain-function.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ However, if there is little carbohydrate in the diet, the liver converts fat into fatty acids and ketone bodies.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The ketone bodies pass into the brain and replace glucose as an energy source.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ An elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood, a state known as ketosis, leads to a reduction in the frequency of epileptic seizures.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ Almost half of children, and young people, with epilepsy who have tried some form of this diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half, and the effect persists even after discontinuing the diet.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ There is some evidence that adults with epilepsy may benefit from the diet, and that a less strict regimen, such as a modified Atkins diet, is similarly effective.", "Ketogenic diet __knowledge__ The most common adverse effect is constipation, affecting about 30% of patients—this was due to fluid restriction, which was once a feature of the diet, but this led to increased risk of kidney stones, and is no longer considered beneficial.", "Polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a set of symptoms due to elevated androgens (male hormones) in females.", "Polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms of PCOS include irregular or no menstrual periods, heavy periods, excess body and facial hair, acne, pelvic pain, difficulty getting pregnant, and patches of thick, darker, velvety skin.", "Polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ Associated conditions include type 2 diabetes, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, heart disease, mood disorders, and endometrial cancer.", "Polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ PCOS is due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.", "Polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ Risk factors include obesity, not enough physical exercise, and a family history of someone with the condition.", "Infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ Infertility in polycystic ovary disease (PCOS) is a hormonal imbalance in women that is thought to be one of the leading causes of female infertility.", "Infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ Polycystic ovary syndrome causes more than 75% of cases of anovulatory infertility.", "Infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ Not all women with PCOS have difficulty becoming pregnant.", "Infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ For those who do, anovulation is a common cause.", "Infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ The mechanism of this anovulation is uncertain, but there is evidence of arrested antral follicle development, which, in turn, may be caused by abnormal interaction of insulin and luteinizing hormone (LH) on granulosa cells.", "Infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome __knowledge__ Endocrine disruption may also directly decrease fertility, such as changed levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, gonadotropins (especially an increase in luteinizing hormone), hyperandrogenemia, and hyperinsulinemia.", "Obesity and fertility __knowledge__ Obesity is defined as an abnormal accumulation of body fat, usually 20% or more over an individual's ideal body weight.", "Obesity and fertility __knowledge__ This is often described as a body mass index (BMI) over 30.", "Obesity and fertility __knowledge__ However, BMI does not account for whether the excess weight is fat or muscle, and is not a measure of body composition.", "Obesity and fertility __knowledge__ For most people, however, BMI is an indication used worldwide to estimate nutritional status.", "Obesity and fertility __knowledge__ Obesity is usually the result of consuming more calories than the body needs and not expending that energy by doing exercise.", "Obesity and fertility __knowledge__ There are genetic causes and hormonal disorders that causes people to gain significant amounts of weight but this is rare.", "Hyperandrogenism __knowledge__ Hyperandrogenism, also known as androgen excess, is a medical condition characterized by excessive levels of androgens (male sex hormones such as testosterone) in the female body and the associated effects of the elevated androgen levels.", "Hyperandrogenism __knowledge__ It is an endocrinological disorder similar to hyperestrogenism.", "Hyperandrogenism __knowledge__ The most common conditions associated with hyperandrogenism are polycystic ovary syndrome or PCOS, a set of symptoms caused by androgen excess in females, and various cancers that can cause androgen excess.", "Hyperandrogenism __knowledge__ In females, the condition usually present are some combination of acne, seborrhea (inflamed skin), hair loss on the scalp, increased body and/or facial hair (hirsutism), and an elevated sex drive or libido.", "Anovulation __knowledge__ Anovulation is when the ovaries do not release an oocyte during a menstrual cycle.", "Anovulation __knowledge__ Therefore, ovulation does not take place.", "Anovulation __knowledge__ However, a woman who does not ovulate at each menstrual cycle is not necessarily going through menopause.", "Anovulation __knowledge__ Chronic anovulation is a common cause of infertility.", "Anovulation __knowledge__ In addition to the alteration of menstrual periods and infertility, chronic anovulation can cause or exacerbate other long term problems, such as hyperandrogenism or osteopenia.", "Anovulation __knowledge__ It plays a central role in the multiple imbalances and dysfunctions of polycystic ovary syndrome.", "Anovulation __knowledge__ During the first two years after menarche 50% of the menstrual cycles could be anovulatories.", "Combined oral contraceptive pill __knowledge__ The combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP), often referred to as the birth control pill or colloquially as \"the pill\", is a type of birth control that is designed to be taken orally.", "Combined oral contraceptive pill __knowledge__ It includes a combination of an estrogen (usually ethinylestradiol) and a progestogen (specifically a progestin).", "Combined oral contraceptive pill __knowledge__ When taken correctly, it works to prevent pregnancy.", "Combined oral contraceptive pill __knowledge__ They were first approved for contraceptive use in the United States in 1960, and are a very popular form of birth control.", "Combined oral contraceptive pill __knowledge__ They are currently used by more than 100 million women worldwide and by almost 12 million women in the United States.", "Combined oral contraceptive pill __knowledge__ As of 2012, 16% of U.S. women aged 15–44 reported being on the birth control pill, making it the most widely used contraceptive method among women of that age range.", "PCOS Challenge __knowledge__ PCOS Challenge is a series of videos produced to bring greater awareness about polycystic ovary syndrome and support to women living with PCOS.", "PCOS Challenge __knowledge__ They are available to stream online and aired on public access television stations.", "PCOS Challenge __knowledge__ The show addresses common PCOS symptoms and related conditions including infertility, diabetes, obesity, heart disease, anxiety and depression, and hirsutism.", "PCOS Challenge __knowledge__ The television series is executive produced by William R. Patterson, CEO of The Baron Solution Group, and Sasha Ottey, president of PCOS Challenge, Inc. PCOS Challenge, Inc. is a nonprofit organization that provides support for women with polycystic ovarian syndrome through television and radio programming, educational workshops, and online and offline support networks.", "Frontal lobe epilepsy __knowledge__ Frontal lobe epilepsy, or FLE, is a neurological disorder that is characterized by brief, recurring seizures that arise in the frontal lobes of the brain, often while the patient is sleeping.", "Frontal lobe epilepsy __knowledge__ It is the second most common type of epilepsy after temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and is related to the temporal form by the fact that both forms are characterized by the occurrence of partial (focal) seizures.", "Frontal lobe epilepsy __knowledge__ Partial seizures occurring in the frontal lobes can occur in one of two different forms: either simple partial seizures (that do not affect awareness or memory) or complex partial seizures (that affect awareness or memory either before, during or after a seizure).", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), also known as refractory epilepsy or pharmacoresistant epilepsy, is defined as failure of adequate trials of two tolerated and appropriately chosen and used antiepileptic drugs (AED schedules) (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve sustained seizure freedom.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ The probability that the next medication will achieve seizure freedom drops with every failed AED; for example after two failed AEDs the probability that the third will achieve seizure freedom is around 4%.", "Management of drug-resistant epilepsy __knowledge__ Drug-resistant epilepsy is commonly diagnosed after several years of uncontrolled seizures however in most cases it is evident much earlier.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a metabolic state in which some of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis in which blood glucose provides energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a result of metabolizing fat to provide energy.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketosis is a nutritional process characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 mM, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body.", "Ketosis __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides).", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ Epileptic seizures are episodes that can vary from brief and nearly undetectable to long periods of vigorous shaking.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ These episodes can result in physical injuries including occasionally broken bones.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ In epilepsy, seizures tend to recur and as a rule, have no immediate underlying cause.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ Isolated seizures that are provoked by a specific cause such as poisoning are not deemed to represent epilepsy.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ People with epilepsy in some areas of the world experience varying degrees of social stigma due to their condition.", "Epilepsy __knowledge__ The cause of most cases of epilepsy is unknown.", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ GLUT1 deficiency, also known as De Vivo disease, is an autosomal dominant, genetic metabolic disorder associated with a deficiency of GLUT1, the protein that transports glucose across the blood brain barrier also known as Glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1-DS).", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ Glucose Transporter Type 1 Deficiency Syndrome has an estimated birth incidence of 1 in 90,000.", "Glut1 deficiency __knowledge__ This birth incidence translates to an estimated prevalence of 3,000 to 7,000 in the U.S. Glut1 deficiency is characterized by an array of signs and symptoms including deceleration of head growth also known as microcephaly, mental and motor developmental delays, infantile seizures refractory to anticonvulsants, ataxia, dystonia, dysarthria, opsoclonus, spasticity, and other paroxysmal neurologic phenomena.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Nutritional neuroscience is the scientific discipline that studies the effects various components of the diet such as minerals, vitamins, protein, carbohydrates, fats, dietary supplements, synthetic hormones, and food additives have on neurochemistry, neurobiology, behavior, and cognition.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Recent research on nutritional mechanisms and their effect on the brain show they are involved in almost every facet of neurological functioning including alterations in neurogenesis, neurotrophic factors, neural pathways and neuroplasticity, throughout the life cycle.", "Nutritional neuroscience __knowledge__ Relatively speaking, the brain consumes an immense amount of energy in comparison to the rest of the body." ] ]

[ 2, 46, 1, 7 ]

[ "Hi. I am so excited because i am about to start the ketogenic diet and i really think it will help me since it forces the body to burn fat", "Did you get good results? Did you go into ketosis which is when your body burns fat to provide energy", "Wow, that's great! i was surprised to learn that the ketone diet can treat difficult to control epilepsy in kids. another great benefit ", "Yes, almost half of the people who tried the diet saw the number of seizures drop by at least half" ]

[ "Ketogenic diet", "Ketogenic diet", "Ketogenic diet", "Ketogenic diet" ]

[ "Fisherman", "Oh, good luck then! Most people I know who fish do it just for fun. What kind of fish are you going for?", "Do you generally do your fishing in rivers, lakes, or the ocean?", "It definitely was! Do you like to go out on boats or fish from the shore?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fisherman __knowledge__ A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishermen and fish farmers.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishermen may be professional or recreational and may be both men or women.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing and the fisherman have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion; mullets were worshiped as a sign of the arriving flood season.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ In ancient Egyptian literature, the method that Amun used to create the world is associated with the tilapia's method of mouth-brooding.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there were about 39 million fishers in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishers and fish farmers dwell." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fisherman __knowledge__ A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishermen and fish farmers.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishermen may be professional or recreational and may be both men or women.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing and the fisherman have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion; mullets were worshiped as a sign of the arriving flood season.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ In ancient Egyptian literature, the method that Amun used to create the world is associated with the tilapia's method of mouth-brooding.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there were about 39 million fishers in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishers and fish farmers dwell.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival () in modern China, or simply the Lunar New Year, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ Celebrations traditionally run from the evening preceding the first day, to the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first calendar month.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ The first day of the New Year falls on the new moon between 21 Jan and 20 Feb.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ In 2017, the first day of the Lunar New Year was on Saturday, 28 January, initiating the year of the Rooster.", "Chinese New Year __knowledge__ The upcoming year of the Dog commences on Friday, 16 February 2018.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas traditions vary from country to country.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas celebrations for many nations include the installing and lighting of Christmas trees, the hanging of Advent wreaths, Christmas stockings, candy canes, and the creation of Nativity scenes depicting the birth of Jesus Christ.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ Christmas carols may be sung and stories told about such figures as the Baby Jesus, St Nicholas, Santa Claus, Father Christmas, Christkind or Grandfather Frost.", "Christmas traditions __knowledge__ The sending and exchange of Christmas card greetings, observance of fasting and special religious observances such as a midnight Mass or Vespers on Christmas Eve, the burning of a Yule log, and the giving and receiving of presents.", "Best of Luck Nikki __knowledge__ Best of Luck Nikki is a Disney Channel India sitcom.", "Best of Luck Nikki __knowledge__ The sitcom premiered on 3 April 2011.", "Best of Luck Nikki __knowledge__ The series is an Indian adaptation of the American show \"Good Luck Charlie,\" with a plot that is similar to the American version.", "Best of Luck Nikki __knowledge__ The series was created by Phil Baker and Drew Vaupen, who aimed to create a program that would appeal to all the members of a family rather than simply to children and teens.", "Best of Luck Nikki __knowledge__ It revolves around a family, the Singhs, as they try to adjust to the birth of their fourth child, Nikki.", "Best of Luck Nikki __knowledge__ In each episode, Dolly Singh, the character of the older sister, creates a video diary containing advice for Nikki about their family and life as a teenager.", "Good Luck Charlie __knowledge__ Good Luck Charlie is an American sitcom that originally aired on Disney Channel from April 4, 2010, to February 16, 2014.", "Good Luck Charlie __knowledge__ The series' creators, Phil Baker and Drew Vaupen, wanted to create a program that would appeal to entire families, not just children.", "Good Luck Charlie __knowledge__ It focuses on the Duncan family of Denver as they adjust to the births of their fourth and fifth children, Charlotte \"Charlie\" (Mia Talerico) and Toby (Logan Moreau).", "Good Luck Charlie __knowledge__ In each episode, Teddy Duncan (Bridgit Mendler) adds to a video diary that contains advice for Charlie about their family and life as a teenager.", "Good Luck Charlie __knowledge__ Teddy tries to show Charlie what she might go through when she is older for future reference.", "Cumulative song __knowledge__ A cumulative song is a song with a simple verse structure modified by progressive addition so that each verse is longer than the verse before.", "Cumulative song __knowledge__ Cumulative songs are popular for group singing, in part because they require relatively little memorization of lyrics, and because remembering the previous verse to concatenate it to form the current verse can become a kind of game.", "Cumulative song __knowledge__ Typically, the lyrics take the form of a stanza of at least two lines.", "Cumulative song __knowledge__ In each verse, the text of the first line introduces a new item, and the other line uses the words to begin a list which includes items from all the preceding verses.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "Woolly mammoth __knowledge__ The woolly mammoth (\"Mammuthus primigenius\") is an extinct species of mammoth that lived during the Pleistocene epoch, and was one of the last in a line of mammoth species, beginning with \"Mammuthus subplanifrons\" in the early Pliocene.", "Woolly mammoth __knowledge__ The woolly mammoth diverged from the steppe mammoth about 400,000 years ago in East Asia.", "Woolly mammoth __knowledge__ Its closest extant relative is the Asian elephant.", "Woolly mammoth __knowledge__ The appearance and behaviour of this species are among the best studied of any prehistoric animal because of the discovery of frozen carcasses in Siberia and Alaska, as well as skeletons, teeth, stomach contents, dung, and depiction from life in prehistoric cave paintings.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ \"30 Rock\" is an American television comedy series created by Tina Fey, which aired on NBC.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series takes place behind the scenes of a fictional live sketch comedy series, also airing on NBC; the name \"30 Rock\" refers to the address of the GE Building, where NBC Studios is located (30 Rockefeller Plaza).", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series has an ensemble cast consisting of 14 regular cast members: Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, Tracy Morgan, Jane Krakowski, Jack McBrayer, Scott Adsit, Judah Friedlander, Katrina Bowden, Keith Powell, Lonny Ross, John Lutz, Kevin Brown, Grizz Chapman, and Maulik Pancholy.", "List of 30 Rock characters __knowledge__ The series features seven characters appearing during the opening credits: There are another seven characters not appearing during the opening credits but also receiving star billing.", "Andalusia __knowledge__ Andalusia (; ; ) is an autonomous community in southern Spain.", "Andalusia __knowledge__ It is the most populated and the second largest in area of the autonomous communities in the country.", "Andalusia __knowledge__ The Andalusian autonomous community is officially recognised as \"historical nationality\".", "Andalusia __knowledge__ The territory is divided into eight provinces: Almería, Cádiz, Córdoba, Granada, Huelva, Jaén, Málaga and Seville.", "Andalusia __knowledge__ Its capital is the city of Seville (Spanish: \"Sevilla\").", "Andalusia __knowledge__ Andalusia is in the south of the Iberian peninsula, in south-western Europe, immediately south of the autonomous communities of Extremadura and Castilla-La Mancha; west of the autonomous community of Murcia and the Mediterranean Sea; east of Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean; and north of the Mediterranean Sea and the Strait of Gibraltar.", "Girl Pat __knowledge__ Girl Pat was a small fishing trawler, based at the Lincolnshire port of Grimsby, that in 1936 was the subject of a media sensation when its captain took it on an unauthorised transatlantic voyage.", "Girl Pat __knowledge__ The escapade ended in Georgetown, British Guiana, with the arrest of the captain, George \"Dod\" Orsborne, and his brother.", "Girl Pat __knowledge__ The pair were later imprisoned for the theft of the vessel.", "Girl Pat __knowledge__ Built in 1935, \"Girl Pat\" was the property of the Marstrand Fishing Company of Grimsby.", "Girl Pat __knowledge__ On 1 April 1936, Orsborne, with a crew of four and his brother James as a supernumerary, took the vessel out on what the owners authorised as a routine North Sea fishing trip of two to three weeks' duration.", "Hunting, fishing and animals in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ The ancient Egyptian culture is full of rich traditions and practices that until today we keep on learning about.", "Hunting, fishing and animals in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Wildlife in ancient Egypt used to be very different compared to the wildlife currently present in Egypt for several factors and variables.", "Hunting, fishing and animals in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Animals like elephants, rhinoceros, crocodiles and hippopotamus used to live in different parts of Egypt, however these animals do not exist in Egypt today.", "Hunting, fishing and animals in ancient Egypt __knowledge__ Animals were very much appreciated and played a big deal in Egyptian history; even some gods were represented as animals; as Hathor the goddess of fertility, love and beauty was represented as a cow." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fisherman __knowledge__ A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishermen and fish farmers.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishermen may be professional or recreational and may be both men or women.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing and the fisherman have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion; mullets were worshiped as a sign of the arriving flood season.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ In ancient Egyptian literature, the method that Amun used to create the world is associated with the tilapia's method of mouth-brooding.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there were about 39 million fishers in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishers and fish farmers dwell.", "Columbia River __knowledge__ The Columbia River is the largest river in the Pacific Northwest region of North America.", "Columbia River __knowledge__ The river rises in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia, Canada.", "Columbia River __knowledge__ It flows northwest and then south into the US state of Washington, then turns west to form most of the border between Washington and the state of Oregon before emptying into the Pacific Ocean.", "Columbia River __knowledge__ The river is long, and its largest tributary is the Snake River.", "Columbia River __knowledge__ Its drainage basin is roughly the size of France and extends into seven US states and a Canadian province.", "Columbia River __knowledge__ The fourth-largest river in the United States by volume, the Columbia has the greatest flow of any North American river entering the Pacific.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Sea __knowledge__ A sea is a large body of salt water that is surrounded in whole or in part by land.", "Sea __knowledge__ More broadly, \"the sea\" is the interconnected system of Earth's salty, oceanic waters—considered as one global ocean or as several principal oceanic divisions.", "Sea __knowledge__ The sea moderates Earth's climate and has important roles in the water cycle, carbon cycle, and nitrogen cycle.", "Sea __knowledge__ Although the sea has been traveled and explored since prehistory, the modern scientific study of the sea—oceanography—dates broadly to the British \"Challenger\" expedition of the 1870s.", "Sea __knowledge__ The sea is conventionally divided into up to five large oceanic sections—including the International Hydrographic Organization's four named oceans (the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Arctic) and the Southern Ocean; smaller, second-order sections, such as the Mediterranean, are known as \"seas\".", "Great Lakes __knowledge__ The Great Lakes (), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River.", "Great Lakes __knowledge__ Consisting of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron (or Michigan–Huron), Erie, and Ontario, they form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth by total area, and second largest by total volume containing 21% of the world's surface fresh water by volume.", "Great Lakes __knowledge__ The total surface is , and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is .", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "Ship __knowledge__ A ship is a large watercraft that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep waterways, carrying passengers or goods, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research and fishing.", "Ship __knowledge__ Historically, a \"ship\" was a sailing vessel with at least three square-rigged masts and a full bowsprit.", "Ship __knowledge__ Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity, and tradition.", "Ship __knowledge__ Ships have been important contributors to human migration and commerce.", "Ship __knowledge__ They have supported the spread of colonization and the slave trade, but have also served scientific, cultural, and humanitarian needs.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing is an angling method in which an artificial \"fly\" is used to catch fish.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ The fly is cast using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Casting a nearly weightless fly or \"lure\" requires casting techniques significantly different from other forms of casting.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishermen use hand tied flies that resemble natural invertebrates, baitfish, other food organisms, or \"lures\" to provoke the fish to strike (bite at the fly).", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water.", "Fly fishing __knowledge__ North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass.", "Yellow perch __knowledge__ The yellow perch (\"Perca flavescens\"), commonly referred to as perch, is a freshwater perciform fish native to much of North America.", "Yellow perch __knowledge__ The yellow perch was described in 1814 by Samuel Latham Mitchill from New York.", "Yellow perch __knowledge__ Yellow perch are closely related, and morphologically similar to the European perch (\"Perca fluviatilis\"); however, the two are recognized as independent species based on anatomical and genetic differences.", "Yellow perch __knowledge__ Other common names for yellow perch include American perch, coontail, lake perch, raccoon perch, ring-tail perch, ringed perch, and striped perch.", "Yellow perch __knowledge__ Latitudinal variability in age, growth rates, and size have been observed among populations of yellow perch, likely resulting from differences in day-length and annual water temperatures.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk (\"Buteo jamaicensis\") is a bird of prey that breeds throughout most of North America, from the interior of Alaska and northern Canada to as far south as Panama and the West Indies.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ It is one of the most common members within the genus of \"Buteo\" in North America or worldwide.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The red-tailed hawk is one of three species colloquially known in the United States as the \"chickenhawk,\" though it rarely preys on standard-sized chickens.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ The bird is sometimes also referred to as the red-tail for short, when the meaning is clear in context.", "Red-tailed hawk __knowledge__ Red-tailed hawks can acclimate to all the biomes within their range, occurring on the edges of non-ideal habitats such as dense forests and sandy deserts.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ Lake Erie (); is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the eleventh-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ At its deepest point Lake Erie is deep.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ Situated on the International Boundary between Canada and the United States, Lake Erie's northern shore is the Canadian province of Ontario, with the U.S. states of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York on its western, southern and eastern shores.", "Nile crocodile __knowledge__ The Nile crocodile (\"Crocodylus niloticus\") is an African crocodile, the largest freshwater predator in Africa, and may be considered the second largest extant reptile in the world, after the saltwater crocodile (\"Crocodylus porosus\").", "Nile crocodile __knowledge__ The Nile crocodile is quite widespread throughout Sub-Saharan Africa, occurring mostly in the central, eastern, and southern regions of the continent and lives in different types of aquatic environments such as lakes, rivers and marshlands.", "Nile crocodile __knowledge__ Although capable of living in saline environments, this species is rarely found in saltwater, but occasionally inhabits deltas and brackish lakes.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is a method of fishing by means of an \"angle\" (fish hook).", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook is usually attached to a fishing line and the line is often attached to a fishing rod.", "Angling __knowledge__ Fishing rods are usually fitted with a fishing reel that functions as a mechanism for storing, retrieving and paying out the line.", "Angling __knowledge__ Tenkara fishing and cane pole fishing are two techniques that do not use a reel.", "Angling __knowledge__ The hook itself can be dressed with bait, but sometimes a lure, with hooks attached to it, is used in place of a hook and bait.", "Angling __knowledge__ A bite indicator such as a float, and a weight or sinker are sometimes used.", "Angling __knowledge__ Angling is the principal method of sport fishing, but commercial fisheries also use angling methods such as longlining or trolling.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ There are two major sources of fish in Uganda; one is from aquaculture, the other from fishing in rivers and lakes.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ The latter has made up the largest and most significant share of all fishing.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Open water covers 15.3 percent of Uganda's surface and comprises five major lakes (Lake Victoria, Lake Albert (Africa), Lake Kyoga, Lake Edward and Lake George (Uganda) which are the main sources of fish in the country.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Lake Victoria continues to be the most important water body in Uganda both in size and contribution to the total fish catch, followed by Lake Albert and Lake Kyoga.", "Fishing in Uganda __knowledge__ Uganda's main sources of fish supply for both the domestic and export markets are the districts on Lake Victoria, particularly Mukono, Mpigi, Kalangala, Masaka and Luwero.", "Pickerel frog __knowledge__ The pickerel frog (\"Lithobates palustris\", formerly \"Rana palustris\") is a small North American frog, characterized by the appearance of seemingly \"hand-drawn\" squares on its dorsal surface.", "Pickerel frog __knowledge__ The pickerel frog is a medium sized gray or tan frog marked with seven to twenty-one irregular rectangular dark brown spots which are oriented in two columns down its back.", "Pickerel frog __knowledge__ The distinctive rectangular spots of the pickerel frog may blend together to form a long rectangle along the back.", "Pickerel frog __knowledge__ All leopard frogs have circular spots.", "Pickerel frog __knowledge__ In addition, pickerel frogs have prominent dorsolateral ridges that are unbroken.", "Pickerel frog __knowledge__ Another important distinguishing mark is the orange or yellow flash pattern found on the inner surface of the hind legs of pickerel frogs." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Fisherman __knowledge__ A fisherman or fisher is someone who captures fish and other animals from a body of water, or gathers shellfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Worldwide, there are about 38 million commercial and subsistence fishermen and fish farmers.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishermen may be professional or recreational and may be both men or women.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing has existed as a means of obtaining food since the Mesolithic period.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing had become a major means of survival as well as a business venture.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Fishing and the fisherman have also influenced Ancient Egyptian religion; mullets were worshiped as a sign of the arriving flood season.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Bastet was often manifested in the form of a catfish.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ In ancient Egyptian literature, the method that Amun used to create the world is associated with the tilapia's method of mouth-brooding.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ According to the FAO, there were about 39 million fishers in countries producing more than 200,000 tonnes in 2012, which is nearly 140% the number in 1995.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ The total fishery production of 66 million tonnes equated to an average productivity of 3.5 tonnes per person.", "Fisherman __knowledge__ Most of this growth took place in Asian countries, where four-fifths of world fishers and fish farmers dwell.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "Tanka people __knowledge__ The Tankas () or boat people are an ethnic subgroup in Southern China who have traditionally lived on junks in coastal parts of Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Hainan, and Zhejiang, as well as Hong Kong, and Macau.", "Tanka people __knowledge__ Though many now live onshore, some from the older generations still live on their boats and pursue their traditional livelihood of fishing.", "Tanka people __knowledge__ Historically, the Tankas were considered to be outcasts.", "Tanka people __knowledge__ Since they were boat people who lived by the sea, they were sometimes referred to as \"sea gypsies\" by the Chinese and British.", "Tanka people __knowledge__ Tanka origins can be traced back to the native ethnic minorities of southern China who may have taken refuge on the sea and gradually assimilated into Han culture.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ Mullion Cove or Porth Mellin is a small community on the west coast of the Lizard Peninsula in Cornwall, England.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ It is on the eastern side of the Mount's Bay.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ The Cove forms part of the parish of Mullion, and is accessible by road from Mullion village, away to the north east, and also by the popular South West coast path.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ It lies within an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) The Cove is south of Porthleven and southeast of Penzance by sea.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ It is south of Helston by land and southwest of Falmouth by land.", "Mullion Cove __knowledge__ In 1937 a stretch of the coast from Mullion Cove to Predannack was preserved for the nation with the help of the Council for the Preservation of Rural England (CPRE) and the National Trust.", "Scottish east coast fishery __knowledge__ The Scottish east coast fishery has been in existence for more than a thousand years, spanning the Viking age right up to the present day.", "Scottish east coast fishery __knowledge__ The fishery has always been for both whitefish and herring.", "Scottish east coast fishery __knowledge__ The Norsemen came to Scotland from the 9th to 11th centuries and settled in the Northern Isles, Western Isles and on the mainland.", "Scottish east coast fishery __knowledge__ They had fish as a large part of their diet, and excavations of Viking sites in Orkney and Shetland have found middens (kitchen waste areas) containing large quantities of fish bones.", "Scottish east coast fishery __knowledge__ These bones were mainly of cod, saithe and ling but herring, haddock and whiting bones were also found.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ Lake Erie (); is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the eleventh-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ At its deepest point Lake Erie is deep.", "Lake Erie __knowledge__ Situated on the International Boundary between Canada and the United States, Lake Erie's northern shore is the Canadian province of Ontario, with the U.S. states of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York on its western, southern and eastern shores.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fishing is the practice of catching fish.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ It is a pre-historic practice dating back at least 40,000 years.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Since the 16th century fishing vessels have been able to cross oceans in pursuit of fish and since the 19th century it has been possible to use larger vessels and in some cases process the fish on board.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Fish are normally caught in the wild.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ Techniques for catching fish include hand gathering, spearing, netting, angling and trapping.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term fishing may be applied to catching other aquatic animals such as shellfish, cephalopods, crustaceans, and echinoderms.", "History of fishing __knowledge__ The term is not usually applied to catching aquatic mammals, such as whales, where the term whaling is more appropriate, or to farmed fish.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War.", "Nipissing First Nation __knowledge__ The Nipissing First Nation consists of historic First Nation band governments of Ojibwe and Algonquin descent who, following succeeding cultures of ancestors, have lived in the area of Lake Nipissing in the Canadian province of Ontario for about 9,400 years.", "Nipissing First Nation __knowledge__ They are referred to by many names in European historical records, since the colonists often adopted names given to them by other nations.", "Nipissing First Nation __knowledge__ The Nipissing are generally considered part of the Anishinaabe peoples, a grouping of people speaking Algonquin languages, which includes the Odawa, Ojibwe and Algonquins.", "Nipissing First Nation __knowledge__ This broad heritage is likely the result of the Nipissings' living at a geographical crossroads, a watershed divide.", "North Bay, Ontario __knowledge__ North Bay is a city in Northeastern Ontario, Canada.", "North Bay, Ontario __knowledge__ It is the seat of Nipissing District, and takes its name from its position on the shore of Lake Nipissing.", "North Bay, Ontario __knowledge__ North Bay is located on the traditional territory of the Nipissing First Nation peoples.", "North Bay, Ontario __knowledge__ The site of North Bay was on the main canoe route west from Montreal.", "North Bay, Ontario __knowledge__ Apart from Indigenous people, voyageurs and surveyors, there was little activity in the Lake Nipissing area until the arrival of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) in 1882.", "North Bay, Ontario __knowledge__ The CPR started its westward expansion from Callander Station (later renamed Bonfield), Ontario; Bonfield was inducted into Canadian Railway Hall of Fame in 2002 as the CPR First Spike location.", "Lake Nipissing __knowledge__ Lake Nipissing () is a lake in the Canadian province of Ontario.", "Lake Nipissing __knowledge__ It has a surface area of , a mean elevation of above sea level, and is located between the Ottawa River and Georgian Bay.", "Lake Nipissing __knowledge__ Excluding the Great Lakes, Lake Nipissing is the third-largest lake in Ontario.", "Lake Nipissing __knowledge__ It is relatively shallow for a large lake, with an average depth of only .", "Lake Nipissing __knowledge__ The shallowness of the lake makes for many sandbars along the lake's irregular shoreline.", "Lake Nipissing __knowledge__ The lake has many islands most of which are protected under the Protection of Significant Wetlands scheme, controlled by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry.", "Lake Nipissing __knowledge__ The largest population centre on the lake's shoreline is the city of North Bay.", "Nipissing Great Lakes __knowledge__ Nipissing Great Lakes was a prehistoric proglacial lake.", "Nipissing Great Lakes __knowledge__ Parts of the former lake are now Lake Superior, Lake Huron, Georgian Bay and Lake Michigan.", "Nipissing Great Lakes __knowledge__ It formed about 7,500 years before present (YBP).", "Nipissing Great Lakes __knowledge__ The lake occupied the depression left by the Labradorian Glacier.", "Nipissing Great Lakes __knowledge__ This body of water drained eastward from Georgian Bay to the Ottawa valley.", "Nipissing Great Lakes __knowledge__ This was a period of isostatic rebound raising the outlet over time, until it opened the outlet through the St. Clair valley.", "Nipissing Great Lakes __knowledge__ The Lake formed from the aggregation of Glacial Lakes Houghton, Chippewa and Hough, and Stanley as water levels increased.", "Nipissing Great Lakes __knowledge__ Levels returned and Lake Chippewa again flowed through the canyon at Mackinac until around 7,500 YBP.", "Toronto and Nipissing Railway __knowledge__ The Toronto and Nipissing Railway, T&N, was the first public narrow-gauge railway in North America.", "Toronto and Nipissing Railway __knowledge__ It chartered in 1868 to build from Toronto to Lake Nipissing in Ontario, Canada, via York, Ontario, and Victoria Counties.", "Toronto and Nipissing Railway __knowledge__ At Nipissing it would meet the transcontinental lines of the Canadian Pacific Railway, providing a valuable link to Toronto.", "Toronto and Nipissing Railway __knowledge__ It opened in 1871, with service between Scarborough and Uxbridge.", "Toronto and Nipissing Railway __knowledge__ By December 1872 it was extended to Coboconk, but financial difficulties led to the line being abandoned at this point.", "Toronto and Nipissing Railway __knowledge__ The railway merged with the Midland Railway of Canada in 1882.", "Toronto and Nipissing Railway __knowledge__ A series of mergers, bankruptcies and ownership changes eventually turned this right of way into the CN Uxbridge Subdivision, at least the portions north of the CN Kingston Subdivision at Scarborough Junction.", "Ojibwe dialects __knowledge__ The Ojibwe language is spoken in a series of dialects occupying adjacent territories, forming a language complex in which mutual intelligibility between adjacent dialects may be comparatively high but declines between some non-adjacent dialects.", "Ojibwe dialects __knowledge__ Mutual intelligibility between some non-adjacent dialects, notably Ottawa, Severn Ojibwe, and Algonquin, is low enough that they could be considered distinct languages.", "Ojibwe dialects __knowledge__ There is no single dialect that is considered the most prestigious or most prominent, and no standard writing system that covers all dialects.", "Ojibwe dialects __knowledge__ The relative autonomy of the regional dialects of Ojibwe is associated with an absence of linguistic or political unity among Ojibwe-speaking groups.", "Lake Simcoe __knowledge__ Lake Simcoe is a lake in southern Ontario, Canada, the fourth-largest lake wholly in the province, after Lake Nipigon, Lac Seul, and Lake Nipissing.", "Lake Simcoe __knowledge__ At the time of the first European contact in the 17th century the lake was called \"Ouentironk\" (\"Beautiful Water\") by the Wyandot (Huron) people.", "Lake Simcoe __knowledge__ It was also known as \"Lake Toronto\" until it was renamed by John Graves Simcoe, the first Lieutenant-Governor of Upper Canada, in memory of his father, Captain John Simcoe, Royal Navy.", "Lake Simcoe __knowledge__ The lake is bordered by Simcoe County, Durham Region, and York Region.", "Lake Simcoe __knowledge__ The city of Barrie is located on Kempenfelt Bay, and Orillia is located at the entrance to Lake Couchiching." ] ]

[ 4, 1, 6, 7 ]

[ "Hey, I'm just about to go fishing! It's my means of obtaining food for my family!", "I like to catch pickerel and perch! I'm quite the fisherman, or so everyone says! I like to capture fish from a body of water!", "I usually fish in lakes - right now I'm at Lake Nipissing and it's beautiful! At one time fishing was a major means of survival!", "I have a boat - a pontoon, actually. Interestingly, fishing influenced Ancient Egyptian religion. Hard to believe!" ]

[ "Fisherman", "Fisherman", "Fisherman", "Fisherman" ]

[ "Cat\nI love cats dont you?\"", "Yeah they make the prefect pets", "I dont like it when people dclaw their cat", "That is terrible" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "The Love Cats (song) __knowledge__ \"The Love Cats\" (sometimes rendered as \"The Lovecats\") is a song by English rock band The Cure, released as a stand-alone single in October 1983.", "The Love Cats (song) __knowledge__ It was the band's first Top 10 hit in the UK, peaking at number 7.", "The Love Cats (song) __knowledge__ It also reached number 6 on the Australian chart in early 1984.", "The Love Cats (song) __knowledge__ The single later appeared on the compilation album \"Japanese Whispers\", released in December 1983.", "The Love Cats (song) __knowledge__ At the time the song was written, Robert Smith was very interested in the work of Australian author Patrick White.", "The Love Cats (song) __knowledge__ According to a number of his fans, Smith was inspired to write \"The Love Cats\" after reading White's novel \"The Vivisector\" (1970), although this claim is difficult to verify.", "I Miss You (Blink-182 song) __knowledge__ \"I Miss You\" is a song by American rock band Blink-182, released on February 2, 2004 as the second single from the group's fifth studio album, \"Blink-182\" (2003).", "I Miss You (Blink-182 song) __knowledge__ Co-written by guitarist Tom DeLonge and bassist Mark Hoppus, they employed a method of writing separately and bringing their two verses together later.", "I Miss You (Blink-182 song) __knowledge__ The song, produced entirely acoustic, features an acoustic electric bass, a cello, and a brushstroked drum loop.", "I Miss You (Blink-182 song) __knowledge__ The song was inspired by The Cure song \"The Love Cats\" and contains references to \"The Nightmare Before Christmas\" (1993).", "I Miss You (Blink-182 song) __knowledge__ The song peaked at number one on \"Billboard\" Modern Rock Tracks chart and peaked at number 42 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for ." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The Sims 3: Pets is the fifth expansion pack for \"The Sims 3\" on PC and Mac, and is the second console game in the series.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ It was released on October 18, 2011 in North America.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ Like in previous expansions for \"The Sims\" games, this expansion introduces pets such as cats and dogs and, for the first time, horses into the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ On June 3, 2011, EA confirmed the rumors with a press release and a game trailer which was released on their Official YouTube Channel.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ \"The Sims 3: Pets\" expansion pack is focused around adding animals to the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The player creates their pet in a similar fashion to the 'Create A Sim' feature.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ Pillow Pets are a brand of stuffed toys with Velcro straps that allow them to be changed from a decorated pillow into a stuffed animal.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ The toys are made from chenille.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ Invented by Jennifer Telfer in 2003, Pillow Pets first gained success when Telfer personally sold the toys near the Christmas season of that year.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ They would later become more successful through television advertising, where the company's famous slogan, \"It's a pillow, it's a pet, it's a Pillow Pet!\"", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ was in every ad.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ Pillow Pets have been used for charitable fund raising.", "Pillow Pets __knowledge__ In 2003, Jennifer Telfer was living in San Diego with her husband, Clint, and two sons.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "Bull and Terrier __knowledge__ The Bull and Terrier is a breed of dog that was the progenitor of the American Pit Bull Terrier, American Staffordshire Terrier, English Bull Terrier and the Staffordshire Bull Terrier.", "Bull and Terrier __knowledge__ The Bull and Terrier is a cross between the Old English Bulldog and a variety of Terriers.", "Bull and Terrier __knowledge__ The anatomy of the Bull and Terrier is the result of selective breeding for the purpose of hunting, dog fighting and baiting.", "Bull and Terrier __knowledge__ Most terriers, of the past and present, carried or carry a quarter to an eighth Old English Bulldog blood in them in order, allegedly, to give courage to bear the bites of the prey they are meant to attack.", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ Vermin (Edward Whelan) is a fictional character, a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ The character's first appearance was in \"Captain America\" #272 (August 1982).", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ He was created by J. M. DeMatteis and Mike Zeck.", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ Edward Whelan suffered severe physical and sexual abuse as a child from his father.", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ As an adult, he became a geneticist working for Baron Helmut Zemo and Primus I (who was impersonating Arnim Zola).", "Vermin (comics) __knowledge__ In an experiment with the Primus/Arnim Zola imposter, his skin becomes a light pinkish fur color and he ends up resembling a cannibalistic, humanoid rat.", "Hunting weapon __knowledge__ Hunting weapons are weapons designed or used primarily for hunting game animals for food or sport, as distinct from defensive weapons or weapons used primarily in warfare.", "Hunting weapon __knowledge__ Since human beings are lacking in the natural weapons possessed by other predators, humans have a long history of making tools to overcome this shortcoming.", "Hunting weapon __knowledge__ The evolution of hunting weapons shows an ever-increasing ability to extend the hunter's reach, while maintaining the ability to produce disabling or lethal wounds, allowing the hunter to capture the game.", "Hunting weapon __knowledge__ The spear was in use for hunting as early as five million years ago in hominid and chimpanzee societies, and its usage may go back even further.", "Varmint hunting __knowledge__ Varmint hunting is the practice of hunting vermin, generally small mammals targeted as a means of pest control, rather than for food.", "Varmint hunting __knowledge__ \"Varminter\" may refer to a \"varmint hunter\", or describe hunting equipment either specifically designed for, or suitable for varmint hunting, such as a varmint rifle.", "Varmint hunting __knowledge__ Varmint hunters may hunt to exterminate a nuisance animal from their own property, to collect a bounty offered by another landowner or the government, or for amusement.", "Varmint hunting __knowledge__ The term \"varmint\" is a US colloquial term for \"vermin\", though it refers more specifically to mammal or bird pests, including: Shorter Blowguns and smaller bore darts were used for varmint hunting by pre-adolescent boys in traditional North American Cherokees villages.", "European polecat __knowledge__ The European polecat (\"Mustela putorius\") — also known as the black or forest polecat, or fitch (as well as some other names) — is a species of mustelid native to western Eurasia and North Africa.", "European polecat __knowledge__ It is of a generally dark brown colour, with a pale underbelly and a dark mask across the face.", "European polecat __knowledge__ Occasionally, colour mutations, including albinos and erythrists, occur.", "European polecat __knowledge__ Compared to minks and other weasels — also fellow members of the genus \"Mustela\" — the polecat has a shorter, more compact body; a more powerfully built skull and dentition; is less agile; and it is well known for having the characteristic ability to secrete a particularly foul-smelling liquid to mark its territory." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The 2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ It was the Crimson Tide's 117th overall and 78th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 20th within the SEC Western Division.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ The team was led by head coach Nick Saban, in his fifth year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.", "2011 Alabama Crimson Tide football team __knowledge__ They finished the season with a record of twelve wins and one loss (12–1 overall, 7–1 in the SEC) and as consensus national champions.", "DONT __knowledge__ In the card game contract bridge, DONT is a conventional overcall used to interfere with an opponent's one notrump (1NT) opening bid.", "DONT __knowledge__ DONT, an acronym for Disturb Opponents' Notrump, was designed by Marty Bergen, and is therefore also referred to as \"Bergen over Notrump\".", "DONT __knowledge__ Although the method is often criticized for being too nebulous, it remains fairly popular.", "DONT __knowledge__ The convention was first published in the September/October 1989 issue of \"Bridge Today\".", "DONT __knowledge__ In DONT, the two-level overcalls of trump show a two suiter of the suit bid and an unspecified higher-ranking suit.", "DONT __knowledge__ The feature distinguishing DONT from other similar conventions such as Cappelletti is the use of the double to show length in one suit, rather than hand strength or for .", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ French has a complex system of personal pronouns (analogous to English \"I\", \"we\", \"they\", and so on).", "French pronouns __knowledge__ When compared to English, the particularities of French personal pronouns include: Possessive pronouns refer to an object (or person) by identifying its possessor.", "French pronouns __knowledge__ They lexically indicate the person and number of the possessor, and like other pronouns they are inflected to indicate the gender and number of their referent.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ The Two Futures Project (2FP) is a movement made up of American Christians who support and work towards the abolition of all nuclear weapons.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ This organization believes that human beings face two futures and one choice: a world without nuclear weapons or a world ruined by them.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ 2FP is supportive of concrete and practical steps to reduce nuclear dangers immediately, while pursuing the multilateral, global, irreversible, and verifiable elimination of nuclear weapons, as a biblically-grounded mandate and as a contemporary security imperative.", "Two Futures Project __knowledge__ In order to make these changes in the world they are using a strategy based around the creation of a non-partisan, conscience-driven, enduring majority of Americans who are committed to a nuclear weapons-free world.", "Nanoprobing __knowledge__ Nanoprobing is method of extracting device electrical parameters through the use of nanoscale tungsten wires, used primarily in the semiconductor industry.", "Nanoprobing __knowledge__ The characterization of individual devices is instrumental to engineers and integrated circuit designers during initial product development and debug.", "Nanoprobing __knowledge__ It is commonly utilized in device failure analysis laboratories to aid with yield enhancement, quality and reliability issues and customer returns.", "Nanoprobing __knowledge__ Commercially available nanoprobing systems are integrated into either a vacuum-based scanning electron microscope (SEM) or atomic force microscope (AFM).", "John MacBride __knowledge__ John MacBride (sometimes mistranscribed as McBride) or by his nickname \"Foxy Jack\" (7 May 1868 – 5 May 1916) was an Irish republican and military leader executed by the British for his participation in the 1916 Irish Easter Rising in Dublin.", "John MacBride __knowledge__ John MacBride was born at The Quay, Westport, County Mayo, Ireland, to Patrick MacBride, a shopkeeper and trader, and the former Honoria Gill, who survived her son.", "John MacBride __knowledge__ A plaque marks the building on the Westport Quays where he was born (now the Helm Bar and Restaurant).", "John MacBride __knowledge__ He was educated at the Christian Brothers' School, Westport, and at St. Malachy's College, Belfast.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Trap-neuter-return (TNR) is a type of program through which free-roaming cats are trapped, sterilized (males are castrated and females undergo ovo-hysterectomies), and returned to the outdoor locations where they were found.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ If those locations are deemed unsafe or otherwise inappropriate, the cats may be relocated (barn/farmyard homes are often considered ideal).", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Kittens young enough to be socialized and friendly adult cats may be placed in foster care for eventual adoption into homes as companion animals rather than returned to the outdoors.", "Trap-neuter-return __knowledge__ Cats found suffering with terminal, untreatable, and/or contagious illnesses or injuries are often euthanized.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The 2007 pet food recalls comprise the contamination and wide recall of many brands of cat and dog foods beginning in March 2007, and the ensuing developments involving the human food supply.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ The recalls in North America, Europe, and South Africa came in response to reports of renal failure in pets.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ Initially, the recalls were associated with the consumption of mostly wet pet foods made with wheat gluten from a single Chinese company.", "2007 pet food recalls __knowledge__ After more than three weeks of complaints from consumers, the recall began voluntarily with the Canadian company Menu Foods on 16 March 2007, when a company test showed sickness and death in some of the test animals.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The Sims 3: Pets is the fifth expansion pack for \"The Sims 3\" on PC and Mac, and is the second console game in the series.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ It was released on October 18, 2011 in North America.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ Like in previous expansions for \"The Sims\" games, this expansion introduces pets such as cats and dogs and, for the first time, horses into the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ On June 3, 2011, EA confirmed the rumors with a press release and a game trailer which was released on their Official YouTube Channel.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ \"The Sims 3: Pets\" expansion pack is focused around adding animals to the game.", "The Sims 3: Pets __knowledge__ The player creates their pet in a similar fashion to the 'Create A Sim' feature." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Cat __knowledge__ The domestic cat (\"Felis silvestris catus\" or \"Felis catus\") is a small, typically furry, carnivorous mammal.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often called house cats when kept as indoor pets or simply cats when there is no need to distinguish them from other felids and felines.", "Cat __knowledge__ They are often valued by humans for companionship and for their ability to hunt vermin.", "Cat __knowledge__ There are more than seventy cat breeds recognized by various cat registries.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats are similar in anatomy to the other felids, with a strong flexible body, quick reflexes, sharp retractable claws, and teeth adapted to killing small prey.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cat senses fit a crepuscular and predatory ecological niche.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats can hear sounds too faint or too high in frequency for human ears, such as those made by mice and other small animals.", "Cat __knowledge__ They can see in near darkness.", "Cat __knowledge__ Like most other mammals, cats have poorer color vision and a better sense of smell than humans.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats, despite being solitary hunters, are a social species and cat communication includes the use of a variety of vocalizations (mewing, purring, trilling, hissing, growling, and grunting), as well as cat pheromones and types of cat-specific body language.", "Cat __knowledge__ Cats have a high breeding rate.", "Cat __knowledge__ Under controlled breeding, they can be bred and shown as registered pedigree pets, a hobby known as cat fancy.", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ The Terrible Towel is a rally towel associated with the Pittsburgh Steelers, an American football team in the National Football League (NFL).", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ The Terrible Towel has spread in popularity; for example, fans take their Towel to famous sites while on vacation.", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ The Towel has been taken to the peak of Mount Everest, and even into space on the International Space Station.", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ It is widely recognized as a symbol of the Steelers and the city of Pittsburgh.", "Terrible Towel __knowledge__ Proceeds from sales of the Towel have raised over US$3 million for Allegheny Valley School, which cares for people with mental disabilities and physical disabilities.", "El Terrible __knowledge__ Damián Gutiérrez Hernández (born April 12, 1976) is a Mexican professional wrestler currently performing for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre under the ring name El Terrible.", "El Terrible __knowledge__ He is a former CMLL World Heavyweight Champion.", "El Terrible __knowledge__ He is the current Mexican National Heavyweight Champion Gutiérrez began wrestling in his native Monterrey and elsewhere for smaller independent promotions under a mask as El Engendro del Mal (\"The Bad Boy\").", "El Terrible __knowledge__ In 2002, he debuted in Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre without a mask as Damián El Terrible but later the \"Damián\" part of his name was dropped, possibly to alleviate any confusion with Damián 666.", "TRT: La Máquina de la Destrucción __knowledge__ TRT: La Máquina de la Destrucción (Spanish for \"TRT: The Machine of Destruction\") was a Mexican \"Lucha Libre\" (Professional wrestling) group, also known as a \"stable\" in wrestling terms, that has been active in Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) since April, 2011.", "TRT: La Máquina de la Destrucción __knowledge__ The group currently consists of El Texano, Rey Bucanero and Vangelis.", "TRT: La Máquina de la Destrucción __knowledge__ The group was originally known as La Fuerza TRT consisting of El Terrible, Rey Bucanero and El Texano, Jr.", "TRT: La Máquina de la Destrucción __knowledge__ In 2013 the group was briefly billed as Bullet Club Latinoamerica when El Terrible and Rey Bucanero teamed up with New Japan Pro Wrestling Bullet Club member Tama Tonga.", "CMLL 79th Anniversary Show __knowledge__ The CMLL 79th Anniversary Show was a professional wrestling event produced by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) that took place on September 14, 2012 in CMLL's home arena Arena México in Mexico City, Mexico.", "CMLL 79th Anniversary Show __knowledge__ The event commemorated the 79th anniversary of CMLL, the oldest professional wrestling promotion in the world.", "CMLL 79th Anniversary Show __knowledge__ The Anniversary show is normally CMLL's biggest show of the year, their Super Bowl event.", "CMLL 79th Anniversary Show __knowledge__ The 79th Anniversary show was also billed as \"Juicio Final\", or \"Final Justice\"/\"Doomsday\", a title that CMLL has used at times either as a tag line for the tag line for an Anniversary show or as the name of a separate super show produced by CMLL marketed as \"CMLL Juicio Final\".", "CMLL Super Viernes (August 2012) __knowledge__ In August 2012 the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) held five CMLL Super Viernes shows, all of which took place in Arena México on Friday nights.", "CMLL Super Viernes (August 2012) __knowledge__ Some of the matches from Super Viernes are taped for CMLL's weekly shows that air in Mexico the week following the Super Viernes show.", "CMLL Super Viernes (August 2012) __knowledge__ The shows features various professional wrestling matches with different wrestlers involved in pre-existing scripted feuds or storylines.", "CMLL Super Viernes (August 2012) __knowledge__ Wrestlers portray either villains (referred to as \"\"rudos\"\" in Mexico) or fan favorites (\"\"technicos\"\" in Mexico) as they follow a series of tension-building events, which culminate in a wrestling match or series of matches.", "Rush (wrestler) __knowledge__ William Arturo Muñoz González (born September 29, 1988) is a Mexican \"luchador\" or professional wrestler, better known by the ring name Rush.", "Rush (wrestler) __knowledge__ Muñoz's father Arturo Muñoz is also a professional wrestler, currently working for CMLL under the ring name Pierroth, while two of his brothers also currently work for the promotion under masks and the ring names Místico and Dragon Lee.", "Rush (wrestler) __knowledge__ After originally starting his career in 2007, working for various independent promotions under the ring name Latino, Muñoz was signed by Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) in 2009 and given the ring name he currently performs under.", "Enfant terrible (folklore) __knowledge__ The enfant terrible is a character appearing in the tales and myths of many cultures of West and Central Africa, mainly amongst the traditions of the Bambara and Madinka.", "Enfant terrible (folklore) __knowledge__ Recognizable by the unusual circumstances surrounding their birth and an extraordinary precocity the enfant terrible are guilty of transgressive behavior, often destructive or suicidal, leaving the societies from which they spawned helpless to stop them.", "Enfant terrible (folklore) __knowledge__ Depending on circumstances, they may eventually return to the divine world from which they come or change into benevolent powers.", "Enfant terrible (folklore) __knowledge__ In oral tales and myths in West Africa, the enfant terrible can be a single character or one of a set of twins.", "Wolverine (character) __knowledge__ Wolverine (born James Howlett commonly known as Logan and sometimes as Weapon X) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, mostly in association with the X-Men.", "Wolverine (character) __knowledge__ He is a mutant who possesses animal-keen senses, enhanced physical capabilities, powerful regenerative ability known as a healing factor, and three retractable claws in each hand.", "Wolverine (character) __knowledge__ Wolverine has been depicted variously as a member of the X-Men, Alpha Flight, and the Avengers.", "Wolverine (character) __knowledge__ The character appeared in the last panel of \"The Incredible Hulk\" #180 before having a larger role in #181 (cover-dated Nov. 1974).", "Cheetah __knowledge__ The cheetah (\"Acinonyx jubatus\") is a large felid of the subfamily Felinae that occurs mainly in eastern and southern Africa and a few parts of Iran.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ It is the fastest land animal.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ The only extant member of the genus \"Acinonyx\", the cheetah was formally described by Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber in 1775.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ The cheetah is characterised by a slender body, deep chest, spotted coat, small rounded head, black tear-like streaks on the face, long thin legs and long spotted tail.", "Cheetah __knowledge__ Its lightly built, slender form is in sharp contrast with the robust build of the big cats, making it more similar to the cougar.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ The Black Cat (Felicia Hardy) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ Throughout her history, Black Cat has been an enemy, love interest, and ally of the superhero Spider-Man.", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ Created by writer Marv Wolfman and artist Dave Cockrum, she first appeared in \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" #194 (July 1979).", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ Felicia Hardy is the daughter of Walter Hardy, a world-renowned cat burglar.", "Black Cat (comics) __knowledge__ After suffering a traumatic experience as a college freshman, she trained herself in various fighting styles and acrobatics and, after deciding to follow in her father's footsteps, adopted the costumed identity of the Black Cat.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Cat anatomy __knowledge__ The anatomy of the domestic cat is similar to that of other members of the genus \"Felis\".", "Cat anatomy __knowledge__ Cats have highly specialized teeth for the killing of prey and the tearing of meat.", "Cat anatomy __knowledge__ The \"premolar\" and \"first molar\", together the \"carnassial pair\" are located on each side of the mouth.", "Cat anatomy __knowledge__ These teeth efficiently function to shear meat like a pair of scissors.", "Cat anatomy __knowledge__ While this is present in canids, it is highly developed in felines.", "Cat anatomy __knowledge__ The cat's tongue has sharp spines, or \"papillae\", useful for retaining and ripping flesh from a carcass.", "Cat anatomy __knowledge__ These papillae are small backward-facing hooks that contain keratin which also assist in their grooming." ] ]

[ 3, 36, 5, 74 ]

[ "Yes! They're great for companionship and hunting vermin.", "They do. Pets are usually kept for company, protection, or entertainment. I think cats satisfy all three of those!", "I don't either. Unfortunately, many people see it as a solution to a cat's sharp retractable claws.", "Their teeth are very sharp too. They're specialized for killing prey and tearing meat." ]

[ "Cat", "Cat", "Cat", "Cat" ]

[ "Veganism", "That is a good choice. Why did you choose it?", "It can be very healthy, I agree. Does it also help with cholesterol? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Choice __knowledge__ Choice involves decision making.", "Choice __knowledge__ It can include judging the merits of multiple options and selecting one or more of them.", "Choice __knowledge__ One can make a choice between imagined options (\"What would I do if...?\")", "Choice __knowledge__ or between real options followed by the corresponding action.", "Choice __knowledge__ For example, a traveller might choose a route for a journey based on the preference of arriving at a given destination as soon as possible.", "Choice __knowledge__ The preferred (and therefore chosen) route can then follow from information such as the length of each of the possible routes, traffic conditions, etc.", "Choice __knowledge__ The arrival at a choice can include more complex motivators such as cognition, instinct, and feeling.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Couples __knowledge__ The fourth season of the Australian version of the original NBC American reality television series \"The Biggest Loser\", known as The Biggest Loser Australia: Couples, premiered on 1 February 2009 on Network Ten.", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Couples __knowledge__ Series Host Ajay Rochester reprised her role for the fourth season, along with trainers Shannan Ponton, Michelle Bridges and Steve Willis (\"The Commando\").", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Couples __knowledge__ The show also introduced a new trainer Emma Hutton (\"Emazon\").", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Couples __knowledge__ Applications opened mid-2008 for potential contestants.", "The Biggest Loser Australia: Couples __knowledge__ On 27 April, Bob Herdsman was crowned the oldest contestant in Australian History to ever win with a record weight loss of 87.6 kg, or 52.21% of his starting weight, and won $200,000 in prize money.", "UV curing __knowledge__ UV curing is a process in which ultraviolet light and visible light is used to initiate a photochemical reaction that generates a crosslinked network of polymers.", "UV curing __knowledge__ UV Curing is adaptable to printing, coating, decorating, stereolithography and assembling of a variety of products and materials owing to some of its key attributes, it is: a low temperature process, a high speed process, and a solventless process—cure is by polymerization rather than by evaporation.", "UV curing __knowledge__ Originally introduced in the 1960s this technology has streamlined and increased automation in many industries in the manufacturing sector.", "Strat-O-Matic Football __knowledge__ Strat-O-Matic Pro Football is a tabletop board game that was first produced by the Strat-O-Matic game company in 1968.", "Strat-O-Matic Football __knowledge__ The game is a statistically based sports game that simulates the play of American football.", "Strat-O-Matic Football __knowledge__ Each player's statistics are gathered, analyzed, and then converted into numerical results which reflect each player's production for a given year.", "Strat-O-Matic Football __knowledge__ These numerical results are placed on a set of cards, with each team having its own set.", "Strat-O-Matic Football __knowledge__ In addition, a team's defensive ratings for a season are converted into card data that determines how many yards may be gained against that defense.", "Strat-O-Matic Football __knowledge__ The original game is played with dice and cards.", "Level sensor __knowledge__ Level sensors detect the level of liquids and other fluids and fluidized solids, including slurries, granular materials, and powders that exhibit an upper free surface.", "Level sensor __knowledge__ Substances that flow become essentially horizontal in their containers (or other physical boundaries) because of gravity whereas most bulk solids pile at an angle of repose to a peak.", "Level sensor __knowledge__ The substance to be measured can be inside a container or can be in its natural form (e.g., a river or a lake).", "Level sensor __knowledge__ The level measurement can be either continuous or point values.", "Level sensor __knowledge__ Continuous level sensors measure level within a specified range and determine the exact amount of substance in a certain place, while point-level sensors only indicate whether the substance is above or below the sensing point.", "Free will in theology __knowledge__ Free will in theology is an important part of the debate on free will in general.", "Free will in theology __knowledge__ Religions vary greatly in their response to the standard argument against free will and thus might appeal to any number of responses to the paradox of free will, the claim that omniscience and free will are incompatible.", "Free will in theology __knowledge__ The theological doctrine of divine foreknowledge is often alleged to be in conflict with free will, particularly in Calvinistic circles: if God knows exactly what will happen (right down to every choice a person makes), it would seem that the \"freedom\" of these choices is called into question.", "Free will in theology __knowledge__ This problem is related to the Aristotelian problem of the sea battle: tomorrow either there will or will not be a sea battle.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ Animal (De)liberation: Should the Consumption of Animal Products Be Banned?", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ is a 2016 book, written by Jan Deckers and published by Ubiquity Press.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The book engages with the work of many scholars who have written on the subject, including Carol Adams, Alasdair Cochrane, Gary Francione, Melanie Joy, Martha Nussbaum, and Peter Singer, as well as with the views of non-specialists, including slaughterhouse workers involved with the film \"Slaughterhouse: The Task of Blood\", released by Century Films in 2005.", "Animal (De)liberation __knowledge__ The key question dealt with in the book is whether the consumption of products derived from the bodies of animals should be banned.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting is a willing abstinence or reduction from some or all food, drink, or both, for a period of time.", "Fasting __knowledge__ An absolute fast or dry fasting is normally defined as abstinence from all food and liquid for a defined period, usually a period of 24 hours, or a number of days.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Water fasting allows drinking water but nothing else.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Other fasts may be partially restrictive, limiting only particular foods or substances.", "Fasting __knowledge__ A fast may also be intermittent in nature.", "Fasting __knowledge__ Fasting practices may preclude intercourse and other activities as well as food.", "Fasting __knowledge__ In a physiological context, fasting may refer to the metabolic status of a person who has not eaten overnight, or to the metabolic state achieved after complete digestion and absorption of a meal.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is strongly linked with a number of religions that originated in ancient India (Jainism, Hinduism and Buddhism).", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ In Jainism, vegetarianism is mandatory for everyone; in Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism, it is advocated by some influential scriptures and religious authorities.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Comparatively, in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam), the Bahá'í Faith and Dharmic religions such as Sikhism, vegetarianism is not promoted by mainstream authorities, although in all these faiths there are small groups actively promoting vegetarianism on religious grounds.", "Vegetarianism and religion __knowledge__ Most Indian religions have philosophical schools that forbid consumption of meat and Jainism institutes an outright ban on the same." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Veganism __knowledge__ Veganism is both the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products, particularly in diet, and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.", "Veganism __knowledge__ A follower of either the diet or the philosophy is known as a vegan ( ).", "Veganism __knowledge__ Distinctions are sometimes made between several categories of veganism.", "Veganism __knowledge__ \"Dietary vegans\" (or strict vegetarians) refrain from consuming animal products, not only meat but also eggs, dairy products and other animal-derived substances.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The term \"ethical vegan\" is often applied to those who not only follow a vegan diet but extend the philosophy into other areas of their lives, and oppose the use of animals for any purpose.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Another term is \"environmental veganism\", which refers to the avoidance of animal products on the premise that the harvesting or industrial farming of animals is environmentally damaging and unsustainable.", "Veganism __knowledge__ Well-planned vegan diets can reduce the risk of some types of chronic disease, including heart disease.", "Veganism __knowledge__ They are regarded as appropriate for all stages of life including during infancy and pregnancy by the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the British Dietetic Association.", "Veganism __knowledge__ The German Society for Nutrition does not recommend vegan diets for children, adolescents nor during pregnancy and breastfeeding.", "Cholesterol __knowledge__ Cholesterol, from the Ancient Greek \"chole-\" (bile) and \"stereos\" (solid) followed by the chemical suffix \"-ol\" for an alcohol, is an organic molecule.", "Cholesterol __knowledge__ It is a sterol (or modified steroid), a type of lipid molecule, and is biosynthesized by all animal cells, because it is an essential structural component of all animal cell membranes and is essential to maintain both membrane structural integrity and fluidity.", "Cholesterol __knowledge__ Cholesterol allows animal cells to function without a cell wall (which in other species protects membrane integrity and cell viability); this allows animal cells to change shape rapidly.", "Cholesterol __knowledge__ In addition to its importance for animal cell structure, cholesterol also serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of steroid hormones, bile acid, and vitamin D. Cholesterol is the principal sterol synthesized by all animals.", "Hypercholesterolemia __knowledge__ Hypercholesterolemia, also called high cholesterol, is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood.", "Hypercholesterolemia __knowledge__ It is a form of high blood lipids and hyperlipoproteinemia (elevated levels of lipoproteins in the blood).", "Hypercholesterolemia __knowledge__ Elevated levels of non-HDL cholesterol and LDL in the blood may be a consequence of diet, obesity, inherited (genetic) diseases (such as LDL receptor mutations in familial hypercholesterolemia), or the presence of other diseases such as diabetes and an underactive thyroid.", "Hypercholesterolemia __knowledge__ Cholesterol is one of three major classes of lipids which all animal cells use to construct their membranes and is thus manufactured by all animal cells.", "High-density lipoprotein __knowledge__ HDL particles have long been divided into 5 subgroups, by density/size (an inverse relationship), which also correlates with function and incidence of cardiovascular events.", "High-density lipoprotein __knowledge__ Unlike the larger lipoprotein particles which deliver fat molecules to cells, HDL particles remove fat molecules from cells which need to export fat molecules.", "High-density lipoprotein __knowledge__ The lipids carried include cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides; amounts of each are quite variable.", "High-density lipoprotein __knowledge__ Increasing concentrations of HDL particles are strongly associated with decreasing accumulation of atherosclerosis within the walls of arteries.", "High-density lipoprotein __knowledge__ This is important because atherosclerosis eventually results in sudden plaque ruptures, cardiovascular disease, stroke and other vascular diseases.", "Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome __knowledge__ Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome (also SLOS, or 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase deficiency) is an inborn error of cholesterol synthesis.", "Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome __knowledge__ It is an autosomal recessive, multiple malformation syndrome caused by a mutation in the enzyme 7-Dehydrocholesterol reductase, or DHCR7.", "Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome __knowledge__ It causes a broad spectrum of effects, ranging from mild intellectual disability and behavioural problems to lethal malformations.", "Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome __knowledge__ SLOS can present itself differently in different cases, depending on the severity of the mutation and other factors.", "Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome __knowledge__ Originally, SLOS patients were classified into two categories (classic and severe) based on external behaviours, physical characteristics, and other clinical features.", "Familial hypercholesterolemia __knowledge__ Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a genetic disorder characterized by high cholesterol levels, specifically very high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL, \"bad cholesterol\"), in the blood and early cardiovascular disease.", "Familial hypercholesterolemia __knowledge__ Since individuals with FH underlying body biochemistry is slightly different, their high cholesterol levels are less responsive to the kinds of cholesterol control methods which are usually more effective in people without FH (such as dietary modification and statin tablets).", "Familial hypercholesterolemia __knowledge__ Nevertheless, treatment (including higher statin doses) is usually effective.", "Familial hypercholesterolemia __knowledge__ FH is classified as a type 2 familial dyslipidemia.", "Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase __knowledge__ In enzymology, a cholesterol 24-hydroxylase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction The 4 substrates of this enzyme are cholesterol, NADPH, H, and O, whereas its 3 products are (24S)-24-hydroxycholesterol, NADP, and HO.", "Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase __knowledge__ The systematic name of this enzyme class is cholesterol,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (24-hydroxylating).", "Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase __knowledge__ Other common names include cholesterol 24-monooxygenase, CYP46, CYP46A1, cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase, and cytochrome P450 46A1.", "Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase __knowledge__ This enzyme belongs to the highly conserved family of enzymes known as cytochrome P450s (CYP).", "Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase __knowledge__ Like many other cholesterol-targeting cytochrome P450s, Cholesterol-24 hydroxylase is a monooxygenase that hydroxylates the side-chain of cholesterol.", "Milk fat globule membrane __knowledge__ Milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a complex and unique structure composed primarily of lipids and proteins that surrounds milk fat globule secreted from the milk producing cells of humans and other mammals.", "Milk fat globule membrane __knowledge__ It is a source of multiple bioactive compounds, including phospholipids, glycolipids, glycoproteins, and carbohydrates that have important functional roles within the brain and gut.", "Milk fat globule membrane __knowledge__ Preclinical studies have demonstrated effects of MFGM-derived bioactive components on brain structure and function, intestinal development, and immune defense.", "Milk fat globule membrane __knowledge__ Similarly, pediatric clinical trials have reported beneficial effects on cognitive and immune outcomes.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Vegan nutrition refers to the nutritional aspects of vegan diets – diets which include no animal products.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ While a well-planned, balanced vegan diet is suitable to meet all recommendations for nutrients in every stage of life, improperly-planned vegan diets may be deficient in vitamin B, vitamin D, calcium, iodine, iron, zinc, riboflavin (vitamin B), long-chain fatty acids EPA and DHA, and omega-3 fatty acids.", "Vegan nutrition __knowledge__ Doctors Dean Ornish, T. Colin Campbell, John A. McDougall, Michael Klaper, Caldwell Esselstyn, Michael Greger, Joel Fuhrman, and Neal D. Barnard claim that high animal fat and protein diets, such as the standard American diet, are detrimental to health.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cat food is food for consumption by cats.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Cats have specific requirements for their dietary nutrients.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Certain nutrients, including many vitamins and amino acids, are degraded by the temperatures, pressures and chemical treatments used during manufacture, and hence must be added after manufacture to avoid nutritional deficiency.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The amino acid taurine, for example, which is found in meat, is degraded during processing, so synthetic taurine is normally added afterwards.", "Cat food __knowledge__ Long-term taurine deficiency may result in retinal degeneration, loss of vision, and cardiac arrest.", "Cat food __knowledge__ The idea of preparing specialized food for cats came later than for dogs (see dog biscuits and dog food).", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Dog food is food specifically formulated and intended for consumption by dogs and other related canines.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Like all carnivores, dogs have sharp, pointed teeth, and have short gastrointestinal tracts better suited for the consumption of meat.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In spite of this natural carnivorous design, dogs have still managed to adapt over thousands of years to survive on the meat and non-meat scraps and leftovers of human existence and thrive on a variety of foods.", "Dog food __knowledge__ In the United States alone, dog owners spent over $8.6 billion on commercially manufactured dog food in 2007.", "Dog food __knowledge__ Some people make their own dog food, feed their dogs meals made from ingredients purchased in grocery or health food stores or give their dogs a raw food diet.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Like the human practice of veganism, vegan dog foods are those formulated with the exclusion of ingredients that contain or were processed with any part of an animal, or any animal byproduct.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegan dog food may incorporate the use of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, nuts, vegetable oils, soya, as well as any other non-animal based foods.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ The omnivorous domestic canine has evolved to metabolize carbohydrates and thrive on a diet lower in protein, and therefore, a vegan diet may be substantial if properly formulated and balanced.", "Vegetarian/vegan dog diet __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be defined as the practice of consuming foods that are primarily derived from plants, with or without dairy products, eggs, and/or honey.", "Chronic condition __knowledge__ A chronic condition is a human health condition or disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time.", "Chronic condition __knowledge__ The term \"chronic\" is often applied when the course of the disease lasts for more than three months.", "Chronic condition __knowledge__ Common chronic diseases include arthritis, asthma, cancer, COPD, diabetes and some viral diseases such as hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS.", "Chronic condition __knowledge__ An illness which is lifelong because it ends in death is a terminal illness.", "Chronic condition __knowledge__ In medicine, a chronic condition can be distinguished from one that is acute (recent in onset); additionally, a recurrent condition can relapse repeatedly, with periods of remission in between." ] ]

[ 1, 7, 4 ]

[ "I've recently taken up a vegan lifestyle. I'm abstaining from using animal products. ", "Mostly for health. Well-planned vegan diets can help prevent chronic conditions like heart disease. ", "Yes, it does definitely help with cholesterol. The diet is based on avoiding meat, eggs, and dairy. It's not easy if you like those things! " ]

[ "Veganism", "Veganism", "Veganism" ]

[ "Barbershop music\nMy son take himself to the barbershop these days, but when he was little he loved the music.", "No, I'm referring to the selection of music played over the PA system at the barbershop.", "Oh the DooWop musicians-I didn't realize there was a competition for this.", "What is a greaser? Do they make money or is it a hobby?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This is a list of university a cappella musical groups in the UK who have achieved some level of or recognition.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella are the University of Aberdeen's premier a cappella ensemble.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ They were founded in 2011 as the AUSA (Aberdeen University Student Association) A Cappella Society by Nathan Chadwick.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella first began competing in collegiate a cappella in 2012 and their competitive contributions are as follows: Voice Festival UK 2012 Voice Festival UK 2013 - Victoria Metcalf awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2015 (Semi-Finalists) Scottish A Cappella Championships 2016 Scottish A Cappella Championships 2017 - Colum Findlay awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2017 (Semi-Finalists) ICCA 2017 (Semi-Finalists) In 2015 Aberpella and their sister group The Killer Quines recorded their first professional EP - \"3000 And Counting\".", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ \"Homer's Barbershop Quartet\" is the first episode of \"The Simpsons\" fifth season.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 30, 1993.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode was written by Jeff Martin and directed by Mark Kirkland.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It features the Be Sharps, a barbershop quartet founded by Homer Simpson.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The band's story roughly parallels that of The Beatles.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ George Harrison and David Crosby guest star as themselves, and The Dapper Dans provide the singing voices of the Be Sharps.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode begins with the Simpson family as they attend a swap meet.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ There, Bart Simpson and his sister Lisa notice a picture of their father, Homer, on the cover of an old LP album.", "A cappella __knowledge__ A cappella (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way.", "A cappella __knowledge__ It contrasts with cantata, which is usually accompanied singing.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "A cappella __knowledge__ In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ Barbershop arranging is the art of creating arrangements of barbershop music.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ The Barbershop Harmony Society (BHS) and Sweet Adelines International (SAI) have prescribed rules that dictate what is an acceptable arrangement, particularly with regard to singing in competition.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ This makes barbershop arranging a specialist form of arranging, rarely tackled by those outside Barbershop; likewise, barbershop arrangers tend to be known only for their barbershop arrangements rather than for their work in any other musical form.", "Barbershop arranging __knowledge__ The following 2 paragraphs from the BHS indicate technical requirements of a barbershop arrangement for use in a BHS contest: “Barbershop harmony is a style of unaccompanied vocal music characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The characters from the American medieval fantasy television series \"Game of Thrones\" are based on their respective counterparts from author George R. R. Martin's \"A Song of Ice and Fire\" series of novels.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ Set in a fictional universe that has been referred to so far as \"The Known World,\" the series follows a civil war for the Iron Throne of the continent of Westeros, fought between the rival royal and noble families and their respective supporters.", "List of Game of Thrones characters __knowledge__ The following cast members have been credited as main cast in the opening credits: Additionally the following cast members have appeared in 10 or more episodes of the show while maintaining a 'recurring' status: Ned Stark (season 1, 6-7) portrayed by Sean Bean in season 1 as an adult, and by Sebastian Croft in season 6 as a child, and Robert Aramayo in season 6 and 7 as a young adult.", "George Tillman Jr. __knowledge__ George Tillman Jr. (born January 26, 1969) is an American film producer, screenwriter, and director.", "George Tillman Jr. __knowledge__ Tillman is most notable for directing the films \"Soul Food\" (1997) and \"Men of Honor\" (2000).", "George Tillman Jr. __knowledge__ He is also the producer of the \"\" on television and the three films in the \"Barbershop\" series: \"Barbershop\", \"\", and \"Beauty Shop\".", "George Tillman Jr. __knowledge__ He also directed the 2009 biopic \"Notorious\" about the late Brooklyn-born rapper The Notorious B.I.G.. Tillman was nominated for the Black Film Award for Best Director for \"Soul Food\" (1997).", "George Tillman Jr. __knowledge__ Tillman was also nominated for the Black Reel Award for Best Director and Best Screenplay for \"Notorious\" (2009)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Public address system __knowledge__ A public address system (PA system) is an electronic system comprising microphones, amplifiers, loudspeakers, and related equipment.", "Public address system __knowledge__ It increases the apparent volume (loudness) of a human voice, musical instrument, or other acoustic sound source or recorded sound or music.", "Public address system __knowledge__ PA systems are used in any public venue that requires that an announcer, performer, etc.", "Public address system __knowledge__ be sufficiently audible at a distance or over a large area.", "Public address system __knowledge__ Typical applications include sports stadiums, public transportation vehicles and facilities, and live or recorded music venues and events.", "Public address system __knowledge__ A PA system may include multiple microphones or other sound sources, a mixing console to combine and modify multiple sources, and multiple amplifiers and loudspeakers for louder volume or wider distribution.", "Sound reinforcement system __knowledge__ A sound reinforcement system is the combination of microphones, signal processors, amplifiers, and loudspeakers in enclosures all controlled by a mixing console that makes live or pre-recorded sounds louder and may also distribute those sounds to a larger or more distant audience.", "Sound reinforcement system __knowledge__ In many situations, a sound reinforcement system is also used to enhance or alter the sound of the sources on the stage, typically by using electronic effects, such as reverb, as opposed to simply amplifying the sources unaltered.", "Sound reinforcement system __knowledge__ A sound reinforcement system for a rock concert in a stadium may be very complex, including hundreds of microphones, complex live sound mixing and signal processing systems, tens of thousands of watts of amplifier power, and multiple loudspeaker arrays, all overseen by a team of audio engineers and technicians.", "Keyboard amplifier __knowledge__ A keyboard amplifier is a powered electronic amplifier and loudspeaker in a wooden speaker cabinet used for amplification of electronic keyboard instruments.", "Keyboard amplifier __knowledge__ Keyboard amplifiers are distinct from other types of amplification systems such as guitar amplifiers due to the particular challenges associated with making keyboards sound louder on stage; namely, to provide solid low-frequency sound reproduction for the deep basslines which keyboards can play \"and\" crisp high-frequency sound for the high-register notes.", "Keyboard amplifier __knowledge__ Another difference between keyboard amplifiers and guitar/bass amplifiers is that keyboard amps are usually designed with a relatively flat frequency response and low distortion.", "Performance appraisal __knowledge__ A performance appraisal (PA), also referred to as a performance review, performance evaluation, (career) development discussion, or employee appraisal is a method by which the job performance of an employee is documented and evaluated.", "Performance appraisal __knowledge__ Performance appraisals are a part of career development and consist of regular reviews of employee performance within organizations.", "Performance appraisal __knowledge__ A performance appraisal is a systematic general and periodic process that assesses an individual employee's job performance and productivity in relation to certain pre-established criteria and organizational objectives.", "Performance appraisal __knowledge__ Other aspects of individual employees are considered as well, such as organizational citizenship behavior, accomplishments, potential for future improvement, strengths and weaknesses, etc.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit — also called a drum set, trap set, or simply drums — is a collection of drums and other percussion instruments, typically cymbals, which are set up on stands to be played by a single player, with drumsticks held in both hands, and the feet operating pedals that control the hi-hat cymbal and the beater for the bass drum.", "Drum kit __knowledge__ A drum kit consists of a mix of drums (categorized classically as membranophones, Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 2) and idiophones - most significantly cymbals, but can also include the woodblock and cowbell (classified as Hornbostel-Sachs high-level classification 1).", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ \"Homer's Barbershop Quartet\" is the first episode of \"The Simpsons\" fifth season.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 30, 1993.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode was written by Jeff Martin and directed by Mark Kirkland.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It features the Be Sharps, a barbershop quartet founded by Homer Simpson.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The band's story roughly parallels that of The Beatles.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ George Harrison and David Crosby guest star as themselves, and The Dapper Dans provide the singing voices of the Be Sharps.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode begins with the Simpson family as they attend a swap meet.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ There, Bart Simpson and his sister Lisa notice a picture of their father, Homer, on the cover of an old LP album.", "Ringmasters (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ Ringmasters is a Swedish barbershop quartet affiliated with the Society of Nordic Barbershop Singers (SNOBS).", "Ringmasters (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ The quartet received first place gold medals at the Nordic Barbershop Quartet Contest in Stockholm (April 2008), and won the Barbershop Harmony Society International Collegiate Championship in July 2008 in Nashville, Tennessee.", "Ringmasters (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ On July 8, 2012 at the Society's International Convention in Portland, Oregon, they became the first quartet from outside North America to win the prestigious gold medal as International Quartet Champions.", "Ringmasters (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ The quartet sings non-traditional barbershop harmonies with a contemporary touch.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ A barbershop quartet is a group of four singers who sing music in the barbershop genre of singing, which uses four-part harmony without accompaniment by any instruments such as piano, a style called a capella.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ It consists of a lead, the vocal part which generally carries the tune/melody; a bass, the part which provides the bass line to the melody; a tenor, the part which harmonizes above the lead; and a baritone, the part that completes the chord with the note not being sung by the lead, bass, or tenor singers.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ The baritone can sing either above or below the lead singer.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ Quartets can be male or female, but are generally not mixed male and female.", "Porkpie (TV series) __knowledge__ Porkpie was a British sitcom on Channel 4 television starring Ram John Holder as Augustus \"Porkpie\" Grant.", "Porkpie (TV series) __knowledge__ It was a spinoff from \"Desmond's\".", "Porkpie (TV series) __knowledge__ \"Porkpie\" kept several key characters from \"Desmond's\" and in the first episode Grant ('Porkpie') was seen standing outside the barbershop Desmond used to run, saying: \"Desmond, since you died it hasn't stopped raining.", "Porkpie (TV series) __knowledge__ I know how much you used to say it can rain in England, and it's true.", "Porkpie (TV series) __knowledge__ Must be one of two things: either a thousand angels weeping for you, or you having a good drink up in heaven and you spilling it all over the place.\"", "Porkpie (TV series) __knowledge__ Following the end of the highly successful \"Desmond's\", life in Peckham continues.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This is a list of university a cappella musical groups in the UK who have achieved some level of or recognition.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella are the University of Aberdeen's premier a cappella ensemble.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ They were founded in 2011 as the AUSA (Aberdeen University Student Association) A Cappella Society by Nathan Chadwick.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella first began competing in collegiate a cappella in 2012 and their competitive contributions are as follows: Voice Festival UK 2012 Voice Festival UK 2013 - Victoria Metcalf awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2015 (Semi-Finalists) Scottish A Cappella Championships 2016 Scottish A Cappella Championships 2017 - Colum Findlay awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2017 (Semi-Finalists) ICCA 2017 (Semi-Finalists) In 2015 Aberpella and their sister group The Killer Quines recorded their first professional EP - \"3000 And Counting\".", "Metropolis (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ Metropolis is a barbershop quartet affiliated with the Barbershop Harmony Society.", "Metropolis (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ The group won five consecutive medals with the Barbershop Harmony Society at their annual International Convention.", "Metropolis (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ Metropolis has performed over 460 stage shows in the United States and in Finland, Russia, England, New Zealand, The Netherlands, Japan and Ireland.", "Metropolis (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ They have performed in over 190 cities around the world and over 40 states/provinces in the USA & Canada.", "Metropolis (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ Metropolis appeared on \"What's Your Hobby\", as well as the pilot episode of the \"Fourth Floor Show\" on E!", "Metropolis (barbershop quartet) __knowledge__ Entertainment Television with Vance DeGeneres, followed by the filming of a national Dr Pepper commercial." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Central Valley (California) __knowledge__ The Central Valley is a flat valley that dominates the geographical center of the U.S. state of California.", "Central Valley (California) __knowledge__ It is wide and stretches approximately from north-northwest to south-southeast, inland from and parallel to the Pacific Ocean coast.", "Central Valley (California) __knowledge__ It covers approximately , about 11% of California's total land area (or about the size of Denmark).", "Central Valley (California) __knowledge__ The valley is bounded by the Sierra Nevada to the east and the Coast Ranges to the west.", "Central Valley (California) __knowledge__ It is California's single most productive agricultural region and one of the most productive in the world, providing more than half of the fruits, vegetables and nuts grown in the United States.", "The Colts (vocal group) __knowledge__ The Colts: also known (as Four Colts & a Filly), is an American vocal group from Bakersfield, California.", "The Colts (vocal group) __knowledge__ The group's founding members consisted of a four-man line-up: lead singer Ruben Grundy, his brother Joe Grundy, Carl Moland.", "The Colts (vocal group) __knowledge__ In 1955, while attending \"L.A. City College\", in Los Angeles, New Jersey native Leroy Smith had joined the group.", "The Colts (vocal group) __knowledge__ The following year later, the Colts had added singer: \"Mel Williams\" wife, \"Mickey Lynn\", to their lineup, and changed the group's name to Four Colts & a Filly.", "The Colts (vocal group) __knowledge__ The Colts is best known for their version, the first recording of the popular doowop classic \"Adorable.\"", "The Delltones __knowledge__ The Delltones are an Australian rock 'n' roll band, formed in 1958.", "The Delltones __knowledge__ They started out as a vocal harmony group with members: Brian Perkins, Noel Widerberg, Ian 'Peewee' Wilson, and Warren Lucas.", "The Delltones __knowledge__ In June 1962 lead vocalist Noel Widerberg died in a motor vehicle accident in Brighton-le-Sands in Sydney, and three weeks later the group's single \"Get A Little Dirt On Your Hands\" entered the Australian charts, reaching the top five.", "The Delltones __knowledge__ Noel Widerberg's position was filled by Col Loughnan.", "The Delltones __knowledge__ The Delltones have been performing for Australian audiences for over five decades; their most successful recording years were in the 1960s.", "Bakersfield, California __knowledge__ Bakersfield is a city in and the county seat of Kern County, California, United States.", "Bakersfield, California __knowledge__ It covers about near the southern end of the San Joaquin Valley and the Central Valley region.", "Bakersfield, California __knowledge__ Bakersfield's population is approximately 365,000, making it the ninth-most populous city in California and the 52nd-most populous city in the nation.", "Bakersfield, California __knowledge__ The Bakersfield–Delano Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Kern County, had a 2010 census population of 839,631, making it the 62nd largest metropolitan area in the United States.", "Bakersfield, California __knowledge__ The more built-up urban area that includes Bakersfield and areas immediately around the city, such as East Bakersfield, Oildale and Rosedale, has a population of approximately 464,000.", "The Acappella Swingers __knowledge__ The Acappella Swingers is a musical voice group founded in Catania in 2005.", "The Acappella Swingers __knowledge__ It consists of two male and two female voices and the style is that of the doo-wop and a cappella sound.", "The Acappella Swingers __knowledge__ Their repertoire goes back to the classics of the Fifties as Rama-Lama-Ding-Dong, Who Put the Bomp in the Bomp Bomp-Bomp, The Wanderer and others.", "The Acappella Swingers __knowledge__ The Acappella Swingers in 2008, in the original formation composed of 5 elements, (Dario Greco, leader and founder of the group, Gemma La Pergola, Marco Tinnirello, Michael Lauria, Elisa Caudullo) start nationwide participating in the first edition of the TV talent show X Factor ( Rai 2).", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Filthy Rich (1982 TV series) __knowledge__ Filthy Rich was an American sitcom that aired on CBS from August 1982 to July 1983.", "Filthy Rich (1982 TV series) __knowledge__ Starring Dixie Carter and Delta Burke, the series satirized prime-time soap operas such as \"Dallas\" and \"Dynasty\".", "Filthy Rich (1982 TV series) __knowledge__ The series was set in Memphis at a fictional mansion called Toad Hall, which was owned by one Big Guy Beck (Slim Pickens; Forrest Tucker), a very wealthy land baron.", "Filthy Rich (1982 TV series) __knowledge__ He had recently died of an undisclosed illness, and before he was cryonically frozen, he had made out a videotaped will, a piece of which was played every week, by his lawyer, George Wilhoit (David Healy; Vernon Weddle).", "Filthy Rich (1982 TV series) __knowledge__ The will's terms were harshest on Big Guy's oldest son, the snobbish Marshall Beck (Michael Lombard) and his equally snobbish wife Carlotta (Dixie Carter).", "Strawberry Shortcake's Berry Bitty Adventures __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake's Berry Bitty Adventures is an American/French/Canadian CGI animated television series based on the Strawberry Shortcake franchise.", "Strawberry Shortcake's Berry Bitty Adventures __knowledge__ The series, produced by MoonScoop Group, with later episodes by Splash Entertainment, and in association with American Greetings, follows the adventures of Strawberry and her friends who live in Berry Bitty City.", "Strawberry Shortcake's Berry Bitty Adventures __knowledge__ It is the third iteration of the franchise overall, following the original 1980s version, and the 2003 relaunch.", "Strawberry Shortcake's Berry Bitty Adventures __knowledge__ There have been three DVD \"movies\" released by 20th Century Fox, as well as a toy line originally made by Hasbro and The Bridge Direct.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ This is a list of aliens on Cartoon Network's \"Ben 10 franchise\".", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Voiced by: Heatblast is a Pyronite from the star Pyros.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ He appears as a magma-based lifeform whose body is composed of a bright inner magma body covered by a reddish-brown charcoal-like crust.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is essentially \"living magma\", thus everything he touches either melts or catches fire.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ In the original series, he is the tenth alien in the Omnitrix.", "List of Ben 10 aliens __knowledge__ Heatblast is Ben's first transformation, accidentally activated and started a wildfire in the pilot episode of the original series, \"And Then There Were 10\" when Ben was trying to remove the Omnitrix immediately after it first attached to him.", "Paul (film) __knowledge__ Paul is a 2011 science-fiction road-comedy film directed by Greg Mottola and written by and starring Simon Pegg and Nick Frost.", "Paul (film) __knowledge__ The film is about two science-fiction geeks who meet an extraterrestrial being, voiced by Seth Rogen, with a sarcastic manner and an appetite for alcohol and cigarettes.", "Paul (film) __knowledge__ They help the alien escape the FBI agents pursuing him, so he is able to return to his home planet.", "Paul (film) __knowledge__ The film contains numerous references to other science-fiction films, especially those of Steven Spielberg, as well as to general science-fiction fandom.", "Paul (film) __knowledge__ \"Paul\" was released on 14 February 2011 in the United Kingdom and on 18 March 2011 in the United States by Universal Pictures.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Greaser Act __knowledge__ The Anti-Vagrancy Act, also known as the Greaser Act, was enacted in 1855 in California, to target those of Mexican descent, among others, by legalizing the arrest of those perceived as violating its anti-vagrancy statute.", "Greaser Act __knowledge__ The law is sometimes referred to as the Greaser Act because the law uses the word \"Greaser,\" found in section two, to refer to individuals of \"Spanish and Indian blood.\"", "Greaser Act __knowledge__ The end of the Mexican-American War in 1848 was marked by the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, which resulted in Mexico’s cession of the Southwest, leading the United States' acquirement of California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming.", "Greaser (derogatory) __knowledge__ Greaser was a derogatory term for a Mexican in what is now the U.S. Southwest in the 19th century.", "Greaser (derogatory) __knowledge__ The slur likely derived from what was considered one of the lowliest occupations typically held by Mexicans, the greasing of the axles of wagons; they also greased animal hides that were taken to California where Mexicans loaded them onto clipper ships (a greaser).", "Greaser (derogatory) __knowledge__ It was in common usage among U.S. troops during the Mexican-American War.", "Greaser (derogatory) __knowledge__ The term was actually incorporated into an early California statute, the Greaser Act (1855), an expression of a virulent form of anti-Mexican sentiment among many Anglo Californians.", "Greaser (subculture) __knowledge__ Greasers are a youth subculture that was popularized in the late 1940s and 1950s by predominately working class and lower class teenagers and young adults in the United States.", "Greaser (subculture) __knowledge__ The subculture remained prominent into the mid-1960s and was particularly embraced by certain ethnic groups in urban areas, particularly Italian-Americans and Hispanic-Americans, though rural and suburban youth also participated in the subculture.", "Greaser (subculture) __knowledge__ Rock and roll music, rockabilly and doo-wop were major parts of the culture.", "Greaser (subculture) __knowledge__ The word \"greaser\" originated in the 19th century in the United States as a derogatory label for poor laborers, specifically those of Mexican or Italian descent.", "Greaser Petroglyph Site __knowledge__ The Greaser Petroglyph Site is located on land owned by the Bureau of Land Management in eastern Lake County, Oregon.", "Greaser Petroglyph Site __knowledge__ The designs were scraped into a basalt boulder by Native Americans perhaps 12,000 years ago.", "Greaser Petroglyph Site __knowledge__ No one knows the meaning of the designs.", "Greaser Petroglyph Site __knowledge__ Because of its unique archaeological and cultural significance, the Greaser Petroglyph Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.", "Greaser Petroglyph Site __knowledge__ Native Americans have lived in southeastern Oregon for at least 15,000 years, according to a 2012 find in the Paisley Caves.", "Greaser Petroglyph Site __knowledge__ At that time, pluvial lakes filled many of the high desert basins.", "Greaser Petroglyph Site __knowledge__ Little is known about the people who occupied the land at that time, except that they camped and hunted near the lakes.", "Greaser's Palace __knowledge__ Greaser's Palace is a 1972 American acid western film directed by underground filmmaker Robert Downey Sr. A parable based on the life of Christ, it utilizes surrealist comedy in a setting of America's frontier days.", "Greaser's Palace __knowledge__ \"Greaser's Palace\" follows Jesse (Allan Arbus), a Christ-like figure in a zoot-suit, on his way to Jerusalem to find work as a singer-dancer-actor.", "Greaser's Palace __knowledge__ In a run-down Western town, he runs afoul of the local boss, Seaweedhead Greaser (Albert Henderson), until he brings Greaser's son Lamy (Michael Sullivan) back from the dead.", "Greaser's Palace __knowledge__ Cast notes: \"Greaser's Palace\", which was shot on location in New Mexico, was produced by Cyma Rubin, a neophyte Broadway producer who gave Downey a million dollars to make the film.", "Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. __knowledge__ Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, , is a landmark decision in United States corporate law by the United States Supreme Court allowing closely held for-profit corporations to be exempt from a regulation its owners religiously object to, if there is a less restrictive means of furthering the law's interest, according to the provisions of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act (RFRA).", "Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. __knowledge__ It is the first time that the court has recognized a for-profit corporation's claim of religious belief, but it is limited to \"closely held\" corporations.", "Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. __knowledge__ The decision does not address whether such corporations are protected by the free-exercise of religion clause of the First Amendment of the Constitution.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The term hobby horse is used, principally by folklorists, to refer to the costumed characters that feature in some traditional seasonal customs, processions and similar observances around the world.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ They are particularly associated with May Day celebrations, Mummers plays and the Morris dance in England.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ Hobby horses may be constructed in several different ways.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The types most frequently found in the United Kingdom have been categorised as follows: Not all hobby horses fit into these categories, even within the UK.", "Hobby horse __knowledge__ The famous May Day horses at Padstow and Minehead are large constructions, suspended at shoulder level, with only the performer's head emerging; they wear tall, pointed hats and their faces are masked.", "Capella __knowledge__ Capella, also designated Alpha Aurigae (α Aurigae, abbreviated Alpha Aur, α Aur), is the brightest star in the constellation of Auriga, the sixth-brightest in the night sky, and the third-brightest in the northern celestial hemisphere after Arcturus and Vega.", "Capella __knowledge__ A prominent star in the winter sky of the northern hemisphere, it is circumpolar to observers north of 44°N.", "Capella __knowledge__ Its name meaning \"little goat\" in Latin, Capella depicted the goat Amalthea that suckled Zeus in classical mythology.", "Capella __knowledge__ The Capella system is relatively close, at only from the Sun.", "Capella __knowledge__ Although it appears to be a single star to the naked eye, Capella is actually a system of four stars in two binary pairs.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This is a list of university a cappella musical groups in the UK who have achieved some level of or recognition.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella are the University of Aberdeen's premier a cappella ensemble.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ They were founded in 2011 as the AUSA (Aberdeen University Student Association) A Cappella Society by Nathan Chadwick.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella first began competing in collegiate a cappella in 2012 and their competitive contributions are as follows: Voice Festival UK 2012 Voice Festival UK 2013 - Victoria Metcalf awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2015 (Semi-Finalists) Scottish A Cappella Championships 2016 Scottish A Cappella Championships 2017 - Colum Findlay awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2017 (Semi-Finalists) ICCA 2017 (Semi-Finalists) In 2015 Aberpella and their sister group The Killer Quines recorded their first professional EP - \"3000 And Counting\".", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ Vocal FX is a young men's barbershop a capella group, based in Wellington, New Zealand.", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ It was formed in 2003.", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ Their style ranges from barbershop to upbeat early pop.", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ Charlotte Murray is the musical director.", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ Vocal FX was first incepted in 2003 by Charlotte Murray, Les Nation and Petra Markham, who were interested in promoting barbershop to the youth of New Zealand.", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ The group met every Monday night at Onslow College in Johnsonville.", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ Around twelve people attended practice during the first year, four of which were Tawa College's Musical Island Boys quartet.", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ In 2005, the chorus relocated to Tawa.", "Vocal FX __knowledge__ 2016 - 6th place chorus - 2016 BHS International Convention 2011 - 7th place chorus - 2011 BHS International Convention 2010 - New Zealand Barbershop [NZABS] chorus champions 2009 - New Zealand Barberhop [NZABS] chorus champions 2009 - 10th place chorus - 2009 BHS International Convention 2007 - New Zealand Barbershop [NZABS] chorus champions 2007 - New Zealand Barbershop [NZABS] Small Chorus champions 2007 - 11th place chorus - 2007 BHS International Convention 2006 - New Zealand Barbershop [NZABS] chorus champions 2005 - New Zealand Barbershop [NZABS] third place chorus Vocal FX has competed in national and international competitions.", "Grease (musical) __knowledge__ Grease is a 1971 musical by Jim Jacobs and Warren Casey.", "Grease (musical) __knowledge__ Named after the 1950s United States working-class youth subculture known as greasers, the musical is set in 1959 at fictional Rydell High School (based on William Howard Taft School in Chicago, Illinois) and follows ten working-class teenagers as they navigate the complexities of peer pressure, politics, personal core values, and love.", "Grease (musical) __knowledge__ The score borrows heavily from the sounds of early rock and roll.", "Grease (musical) __knowledge__ In its original production in Chicago, \"Grease\" was a raunchy, raw, aggressive, vulgar show.", "Grease (musical) __knowledge__ Subsequent productions sanitized it and tamed it down.", "Sometimes They Come Back __knowledge__ \"Sometimes They Come Back\" is a short story by Stephen King, first published in the March 1974 issue of \"Cavalier\" and later collected in King's 1978 collection \"Night Shift\".", "Sometimes They Come Back __knowledge__ In 1957, nine-year-old Jim Norman and his twelve-year-old brother, Wayne, walk to the local library to return Jim's books.", "Sometimes They Come Back __knowledge__ They are attacked by a gang of local greasers.", "Sometimes They Come Back __knowledge__ Wayne is stabbed to death by two of the older boys, but Jim escapes.", "Sometimes They Come Back __knowledge__ Through random times in his life, Jim is haunted by nightmares vividly reenacting the murder.", "Sometimes They Come Back __knowledge__ In 1974, Jim is married.", "Sometimes They Come Back __knowledge__ He returns to his home town of Stratford, Connecticut, to accept a job as an English teacher." ] ]

[ 2, 44, 1, 18 ]

[ "Is that like a barbershop quartet? Four guys in porkpie hats harmonizing?", "Oh ok. I was just imagining some big guy in a red and white striped outfit singing a deep baritone.", "These days it's generally a bunch of greasers who form a Barbershop a capella group in order to reenact the 1930's.", "You know... slicked back hair, listening to rockabilly and doo-wop music. They dress in vintage clothes and go swing dancing." ]

[ "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music" ]

[ "Trumpet\nHi! I played the trumpet when I was a kid. Have you ever played it?", "Do you enjoy trumpet music?", "Im not sure if I remember that player. what years did he play?", "Oh, I didn't know that. I will look him up. What do you mean by using the trumpet as a beat?", "That sounds awesome and quite original. Do you know any other interesting trumpet songs?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ Louis Daniel Armstrong (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo, Satch, and Pops, was an American trumpeter, composer, singer and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ His career spanned five decades, from the 1920s to the 1960s, and different eras in the history of jazz.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ In 2017, he was inducted into the Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ Armstrong was born and raised in New Orleans.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ Coming to prominence in the 1920s as an \"inventive\" trumpet and cornet player, Armstrong was a foundational influence in jazz, shifting the focus of the music from collective improvisation to solo performance.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ Hi-5 are an Australian children's musical group formed in 1998, who are associated with the children's television series of the same name.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ As of December 2016, the members are Lachie Dearing, Courtney Clarke, Shay Clifford, Joe Kalou and Bailey Spalding.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The group is aimed at preschoolers, composed of five performers who entertain and educate children through music, movement and play.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ \"Hi-5\" was created by Helena Harris and Posie Graeme-Evans, initially a television series for the Nine Network, which premiered in 1999.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The cast of the show became a recognised musical group for children.", "Hi-5 (Australian band) __knowledge__ The original members were Kellie Crawford, Kathleen de Leon Jones, Nathan Foley, Tim Harding and Charli Robinson.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Hi-top fade __knowledge__ A hi-top fade is a style of haircut where hair on the sides is cut off or kept very short while hair on the top of the head is very long.", "Hi-top fade __knowledge__ The hi-top was a trend symbolizing the Golden Era of hip hop and urban contemporary music during the 1980s and the early 1990s.", "Hi-top fade __knowledge__ It was common among young black people between 1986 and 1993 and to a lesser extent in the mid-1990s (1994–1996).", "Hi-top fade __knowledge__ The hi-top fade is commonly called a flattop, due to the great likeness of the two styles.", "Hi-top fade __knowledge__ In fact, the hi-top fade could qualify as a variation on the flattop.", "Hi-top fade __knowledge__ In 1980 Grace Jones and then boyfriend Jean-Paul Goude collaborated on the cover and artwork for Warm Leatherette (album).", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ A hi-hat, also spelled hihat or high-hat, is a combination of two cymbals, a foot-operated pedal which moves a rod which in turn moves one of the cymbals, all mounted on a metal stand.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ Hihats are an essential part of the standard drum kit used by drummers in many popular music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ every genre of rock music) and traditional music (e.g.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ blues) styles.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ It consists of a mating pair of small to medium-sized cymbals mounted on a stand, with the two cymbals facing each other.", "Hi-hat __knowledge__ The bottom cymbal is fixed and the top is mounted on a rod which moves the top cymbal towards the bottom one when a foot pedal is depressed (a hihat that is in this position is said to be \"closed\" or \"closed hihats\").", "Pancho Gonzales __knowledge__ Ricardo Alonso González (May 9, 1928 – July 3, 1995), usually known as Pancho Gonzales, and sometimes as Richard Gonzales, was an American tennis player who has been rated one of the greatest in the history of the sport.", "Pancho Gonzales __knowledge__ He won 14 major singles titles (12 Pro Slam, 2 Grand Slam) and was the dominant professional of the 1950s; he still holds the men's all-time record of being ranked world No.", "Pancho Gonzales __knowledge__ 1 for eight years.", "Pancho Gonzales __knowledge__ Gonzales was a ruthless competitor with a fierce temper.", "Pancho Gonzales __knowledge__ Many of his peers on the professional circuit were intimidated by him, and he was often at odds with officials and promoters.", "Pancho Gonzales __knowledge__ However, he was a fan favorite who drew more spectators than any other player of his time." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Festival of New Trumpet Music __knowledge__ The Festival of New Trumpet Music (FONT Music) supports new trumpet music in all forms, and provides a platform for emerging artists and creative pioneers.", "Festival of New Trumpet Music __knowledge__ FONT Music is a nonprofit organization founded by Dave Douglas.", "Festival of New Trumpet Music __knowledge__ The executive board is made up of co-founder Dave Douglas, Vice President Stephanie Richards and Secretary Aaron Shragge.", "Festival of New Trumpet Music __knowledge__ In addition to promoting new works and artists, the Festival aims to promote opportunity, encourage diversity, and enable community for and among trumpet players and those with whom they work.", "Festival of New Trumpet Music __knowledge__ The Festival’s work is centered on the production of a two- to three-week festival of concerts and workshops held annually in New York City in September, as well as off-season and satellite events, and collaborative artist services.", "Keyed trumpet __knowledge__ The keyed trumpet is a brass instrument that makes use of keyed openings in its bore rather than extensions of the length of the bore as the means of playing all the notes of the chromatic scale.", "Keyed trumpet __knowledge__ The heyday of the keyed trumpet was around the turn of the nineteenth century; its popularity waned with the emergence of the valved trumpet in the early nineteenth century and it is rarely seen in modern performances.", "Keyed trumpet __knowledge__ Prior to the invention of the keyed trumpet, the prominent trumpet of the time was the natural trumpet.", "Keyed trumpet __knowledge__ The keyed trumpet has holes in the wall of the tube that are closed by keys.", "Keyed trumpet __knowledge__ The experimental E keyed trumpet was not confined to the natural notes, but was chromatic in all registers of the instrument.", "Dave Douglas (trumpeter) __knowledge__ Dave Douglas (born March 24, 1963) is an American jazz trumpeter and composer whose music derives from jazz, classical music, folk music, electronica, and klezmer.", "Dave Douglas (trumpeter) __knowledge__ Since 1993, Douglas has recorded more than forty albums as a bandleader.", "Dave Douglas (trumpeter) __knowledge__ He has produced more than fifty, including all albums released by his independent label, Greenleaf Music.", "Dave Douglas (trumpeter) __knowledge__ He has performed and recorded with dozens of musicians in jazz and popular genres and has been a member of the SFJAZZ Collective and various John Zorn ensembles.", "Dave Douglas (trumpeter) __knowledge__ With his own groups, Douglas has pioneered new settings for the trumpet in jazz.", "Dave Douglas (trumpeter) __knowledge__ He has collaborated on projects involving modern dance, spoken word, poetry, and film.", "Leron Thomas __knowledge__ Leron Thomas (born April 8, 1979) is an American jazz trumpeter, composer and vocalist noted for his musical style as a \"masterful genre-bender\".", "Leron Thomas __knowledge__ Born in Houston, Texas Thomas attended the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts.", "Leron Thomas __knowledge__ He moved to New York City to study Jazz and Contemporary Music at The New School university.", "Leron Thomas __knowledge__ There he studied alongside many notable contemporaries and began working professionally prior to his graduation in 2003.", "Leron Thomas __knowledge__ Performing live with Billy Harper, Thomas also recorded with Bilal.", "Leron Thomas __knowledge__ In 2001, upon the release of Bilal's 1st Born Second album Thomas toured as a member of Bilal's band on Erykah Badu's Mama's Gun World Tour, and the subsequent touring in the USA, Europe and Asia.", "Don Smithers __knowledge__ Don Leroy Smithers (born February 17, 1933) is an American music historian and performer on natural trumpet and cornetto.", "Don Smithers __knowledge__ He is a pioneer for the revival of the authentic, uncompromised natural trumpet.", "Don Smithers __knowledge__ After studying at Hofstra University, New York University, Columbia University and the University of Oxford, where he was awarded a D. Phil.", "Don Smithers __knowledge__ (Ph.D.) in the history of music in 1967, Smithers became associate professor at Syracuse University and, thereafter, Docent for the History of Music and Musical Performance at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague in 1975.", "Don Smithers __knowledge__ As a music historian, Don Smithers has conducted groundbreaking research on the baroque trumpet, having contributed a number of articles and books on its social and historical contexts, as well as its allegorical role in music from the Renaissance and Baroque.", "William Takacs __knowledge__ William Joseph Takacs (born December 23, 1973) is the principal trumpet of the Amarillo Symphony Orchestra and trumpet instructor at West Texas A&M University.", "William Takacs __knowledge__ Takacs was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "William Takacs __knowledge__ He received his Bachelor of Music degree from West Chester University of Pennsylvania in 1995, his Master of Music degree from Bowling Green State University, 1998, with the thesis \"An Examination of Gustav Mahler's Life and Fifth Symphony, with a Focus on the Trumpet Part\", and his Doctorate of Music from Florida State University in 2003, with the dissertation \"Russian Trumpet Music – An Analysis of Concerti by Oskar Böhme, Eino Tamberg, and Sergeï Wassilenko\".", "Gottfried Reiche __knowledge__ Gottfried Reiche (; 5 February 1667 6 October 1734) was a German trumpet player and composer of the Baroque era.", "Gottfried Reiche __knowledge__ Reiche is best known for having been Johann Sebastian Bach's chief trumpeter at Leipzig from Bach's arrival there in 1723 until Reiche's death.", "Gottfried Reiche __knowledge__ Reiche was steeped in trumpet playing from an early age – he was born in the town of Weissenfels, Germany which had a long tradition of trumpet music at its court.", "Gottfried Reiche __knowledge__ He went to Leipzig in 1688, eventually succeeding trumpeter Johann C. Genzmer there as \"Senior Stadtmusicus\" in 1719.", "Gottfried Reiche __knowledge__ Reiche was a musician of great skill, if one can judge from the trumpet parts written for him by Bach.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is seen by many as 'America's classical music'.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Since the 1920s Jazz Age, jazz has become recognized as a major form of musical expression.", "Jazz __knowledge__ It then emerged in the form of independent traditional and popular musical styles, all linked by the common bonds of African-American and European-American musical parentage with a performance orientation.", "Jazz __knowledge__ Jazz is characterized by swing and blue notes, call and response vocals, polyrhythms and improvisation.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ Louis Daniel Armstrong (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo, Satch, and Pops, was an American trumpeter, composer, singer and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ His career spanned five decades, from the 1920s to the 1960s, and different eras in the history of jazz.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ In 2017, he was inducted into the Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ Armstrong was born and raised in New Orleans.", "Louis Armstrong __knowledge__ Coming to prominence in the 1920s as an \"inventive\" trumpet and cornet player, Armstrong was a foundational influence in jazz, shifting the focus of the music from collective improvisation to solo performance.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "Miles Davis __knowledge__ Miles Dewey Davis III (May 26, 1926September 28, 1991) was an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer.", "Miles Davis __knowledge__ He is among the most influential and acclaimed figures in the history of jazz and 20th century music.", "Miles Davis __knowledge__ Davis adopted a variety of musical directions in his five-decade career which kept him at the forefront of a number of major stylistic developments in jazz.", "Miles Davis __knowledge__ Born and raised in Illinois, Davis left his studies at The Juilliard School in New York City and made his professional debut as a member of saxophonist Charlie Parker's bebop quintet from 1944 to 1948.", "Miles Davis __knowledge__ Shortly after, he recorded the \"Birth of the Cool\" sessions for Capitol Records, which were instrumental to the development of cool jazz.", "Don Ellis __knowledge__ Donald Johnson Ellis (July 25, 1934 – December 17, 1978) was an American jazz trumpeter, drummer, composer, and bandleader.", "Don Ellis __knowledge__ He is best known for his extensive musical experimentation, particularly in the area of time signatures.", "Don Ellis __knowledge__ Later in his life he worked as a film composer, contributing a score to 1971's \"The French Connection\" and 1973's \"The Seven-Ups\".", "Don Ellis __knowledge__ Ellis was born in Los Angeles, California, on July 25, 1934.", "Don Ellis __knowledge__ His father was a Methodist minister and his mother a church organist.", "Don Ellis __knowledge__ He attended West High School in Minneapolis, MN.", "Don Ellis __knowledge__ After attending a Tommy Dorsey Big Band concert, he first became interested in jazz.", "Maynard Ferguson __knowledge__ Walter Maynard Ferguson C.M.", "Maynard Ferguson __knowledge__ (May 4, 1928 – August 23, 2006) was a Canadian jazz trumpeter and bandleader.", "Maynard Ferguson __knowledge__ He came to prominence playing in Stan Kenton's orchestra before forming his own band in 1957.", "Maynard Ferguson __knowledge__ He was noted for his bands, which often served as stepping stones for up-and-coming talent, and his ability to play expressively and accurately in a remarkably high register.", "Maynard Ferguson __knowledge__ Ferguson was born in Verdun (now part of Montreal), Quebec.", "Maynard Ferguson __knowledge__ Encouraged by his mother and father (both musicians), Maynard started playing piano and violin at the age of four.", "Maynard Ferguson __knowledge__ Newsreel footage exists of Ferguson as a child prodigy violinist.", "Dizzy Gillespie __knowledge__ John Birks \"Dizzy\" Gillespie (; October 21, 1917 – January 6, 1993) was an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, composer, and singer.", "Dizzy Gillespie __knowledge__ Gillespie was a trumpet virtuoso and improviser, building on the virtuoso style of Roy Eldridge but adding layers of harmonic complexity previously unheard in jazz.", "Dizzy Gillespie __knowledge__ His beret and horn-rimmed spectacles, his scat singing, his bent horn, pouched cheeks and his light-hearted personality were essential in popularizing bebop.", "Dizzy Gillespie __knowledge__ In the 1940s Gillespie, with Charlie Parker, became a major figure in the development of bebop and modern jazz.", "Dizzy Gillespie __knowledge__ He taught and influenced many other musicians, including trumpeters Miles Davis, Jon Faddis, Fats Navarro, Clifford Brown, Arturo Sandoval, Lee Morgan, Chuck Mangione, and balladeer Johnny Hartman." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Dami Im (, , ; born 17 October 1988) is a Korean-born Australian singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist performing artist.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im is known for achieving the best ever Eurovision result for Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ Im emigrated to Australia from South Korea with her family at the age of nine.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ She won the fifth season of \"The X Factor Australia\" and subsequently received a recording contract with Sony Music Australia.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ After winning \"The X Factor\", Im released her debut and winner's single \"Alive\", which debuted at number one on the ARIA Singles Chart.", "Dami Im __knowledge__ This was followed by the release of her self-titled second studio album, which debuted at number one the ARIA Albums Chart and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Gag Concert () is a Korean sketch-comedy TV show on KBS 2TV network.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ It began airing in September 1999 and is the oldest of South Korea current comedy programs.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show is recorded on Wednesdays and airs on KBS 2TV on Sundays at 9:15 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ The show airs with English subtitles after two weeks on KBS World TV on Saturdays at 6:00 PM.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"※ As of 7 January 2018\" \"(Korean: 아무말 대잔치, Starring: Jang Kiyeong, Park Yeongjin, Hong Hwon, Shin Jongryeong, Song Junseok)\" The contest that allows you to say anything.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ Contestants usually say the opposite of what one would expect them to say based on the context.", "Gag Concert __knowledge__ \"(Korean: 명훈아 명훈아 명훈아, Starring: Jeong Myeonghun, Kim Minkyeong, Oh Nami, Lee Hyeonjeong)\" Three glamorous ladies try to entice Jeong Myeonghun with their charms.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Im Tirtzu (Hebrew: אם תרצו, lit.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ 'If you will it') is a Zionist non-governmental organization based in Israel.", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Its name is derived from an epigraph appended to the frontespiece of Theodor Herzl's novel Altneuland, 'if you wish it, it is no fairy-tale,' rendered into modern Hebrew in Nahum Sokolow's translation in 1903, as \"Im tirtzu ein zo agadah.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ (\"If you will it, it is no dream.\")", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ On its establishment in 2006, the organization stated that its mission was to renew \"Zionist discourse, Zionist thinking and Zionist ideology to ensure the future of the Jewish nation and the State of Israel.\"", "Im Tirtzu __knowledge__ Claiming to \"strengthen and advance the values of Zionism in Israel\", it sees itself as dedicated to combating a \"campaign of de-legitimization against the State of Israel and to [provide] responses to Post-Zionist and Anti-Zionist phenomena\".", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ Bani Na'im (, \"Banî Na‘îm\") is a Palestinian town in the southern West Bank located east of Hebron in the Hebron Governorate.", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ Known as Brekke in the pre-Roman era, it was later referred to as \"Caphar Barucha\" in the 4th century.", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ The town is best known as the burial place of Lot.", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ Following the Muslim conquest, its name was Arabized as \"Kafr al-Barik.\"", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ The tomb of Lot was turned into a mosque during Islamic rule and remained so under Crusader rule.", "Bani Na'im __knowledge__ Later, the Arab tribe of \"Bani Nu'aym\" settled there, giving the town its current name \"Bani Na'im,\" first used by Muslim scholar Abd al-Ghani al-Nabulsi in 1690.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ Instant messaging (IM) is a type of online chat that offers real-time text transmission over the Internet.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ A LAN messenger operates in a similar way over a local area network.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ Short messages are typically transmitted between two parties, when each user chooses to complete a thought and select \"send\".", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ Some IM applications can use push technology to provide real-time text, which transmits messages character by character, as they are composed.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ More advanced instant messaging can add file transfer, clickable hyperlinks, Voice over IP, or video chat.", "Instant messaging __knowledge__ Non-IM types of chat include multicast transmission, usually referred to as \"chat rooms\", where participants might be anonymous or might be previously known to each other (for example collaborators on a project that is using chat to facilitate communication).", "Export–Import Bank of the United States __knowledge__ The Export–Import Bank of the United States (abbreviated as Ex-Im Bank or the Bank) is the official export credit agency (ECA) of the United States federal government.", "Export–Import Bank of the United States __knowledge__ Operating as a wholly owned federal government corporation, the Bank \"assists in financing and facilitating U.S. exports of goods and services\".", "Export–Import Bank of the United States __knowledge__ Under its charter, the Bank does not compete with private sector lenders, but rather provides financing for transactions that would otherwise not occur because commercial lenders are either unable or unwilling to accept the political or commercial risks inherent in the deal.", "Export–Import Bank of the United States __knowledge__ Its acting chairman and president is Charles J.", "David Campese __knowledge__ David Ian Campese, AM (born 21 October 1962), also known as Campo, is a former Australian rugby union player.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese was capped by the Wallabies 101 times, and held the world record for the most tries in test matches (64) until Daisuke Ohata scored his 65th try playing for Japan on 14 May 2006.", "David Campese __knowledge__ Campese made his debut for the Wallabies on the 1982 Australia rugby union tour of New Zealand, during which he scored a try in his first two Tests.", "David Campese __knowledge__ In 1983, he equaled the then record for most tries in a Test match for Australia against the USA, scoring four tries.", "David Campese __knowledge__ He was a member of the Eighth Wallabies for the 1984 Australia rugby union tour of Britain and Ireland that won rugby union's \"grand slam\", the first Australian side to defeat all four home nations, England, Ireland, Wales and Scotland, on a tour.", "Aesop Rock __knowledge__ Ian Matthias Bavitz (born June 5, 1976), better known by his stage name Aesop Rock, is an American hip hop recording artist and producer residing in Portland, Oregon.", "Aesop Rock __knowledge__ He was at the forefront of the new wave of underground and alternative hip hop acts that emerged during the late 1990s and early 2000s.", "Aesop Rock __knowledge__ He was signed to El-P's Definitive Jux label until it went on hiatus in 2010. betterPropaganda ranked him at number 19 at the \"Top 100 Artists of the Decade\".", "Aesop Rock __knowledge__ He is a member of the groups The Weathermen, Hail Mary Mallon (with Rob Sonic & DJ Big Wiz), The Uncluded (with Kimya Dawson) and Two of Every Animal (with Cage).", "Aesop's Fables __knowledge__ Aesop's Fables, or the Aesopica, is a collection of fables credited to Aesop, a slave and storyteller believed to have lived in ancient Greece between 620 and 564 BCE.", "Aesop's Fables __knowledge__ Of diverse origins, the stories associated with his name have descended to modern times through a number of sources and continue to be reinterpreted in different verbal registers and in popular as well as artistic media.", "Aesop's Fables __knowledge__ The fables originally belonged to the oral tradition and were not collected for some three centuries after Aesop's death.", "Aesop's Fables __knowledge__ By that time a variety of other stories, jokes and proverbs were being ascribed to him, although some of that material was from sources earlier than him or came from beyond the Greek cultural sphere.", "Kimya Dawson __knowledge__ Kimya Dawson (born November 17, 1972) is an American singer-songwriter, best known as a solo performer and as one half of The Moldy Peaches.", "Kimya Dawson __knowledge__ Dawson became well known as co-founder of the Moldy Peaches alongside Adam Green.", "Kimya Dawson __knowledge__ Since the Moldy Peaches went on hiatus in 2004 Dawson has released a string of lo-fi homemade albums and toured widely in North America and Europe.", "Kimya Dawson __knowledge__ Dawson's most recent album is \"Thunder Thighs\", released in October 2011.", "Kimya Dawson __knowledge__ It contains collaborations with Aesop Rock on songs such as \"The Library\" and \"Walk Like Thunder\" and Pablo Das on \"Unrefined\".", "Kimya Dawson __knowledge__ Dawson's children's album, \"Alphabutt\", was released on September 10, 2008.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Aesop __knowledge__ Aesop ( ; , \"\"; c. 620 – 564 BCE) was a Greek fabulist and story teller credited with a number of fables now collectively known as \"Aesop's Fables\".", "Aesop __knowledge__ Although his existence remains unclear and no writings by him survive, numerous tales credited to him were gathered across the centuries and in many languages in a storytelling tradition that continues to this day.", "Aesop __knowledge__ Many of the tales are characterized by animals and inanimate objects that speak, solve problems, and generally have human characteristics.", "Aesop __knowledge__ Scattered details of Aesop's life can be found in ancient sources, including Aristotle, Herodotus, and Plutarch.", "Soundset Music Festival __knowledge__ Soundset Music Festival is a hip-hop music festival held yearly in the Minneapolis-Saint Paul area over Memorial Day weekend.", "Soundset Music Festival __knowledge__ Inaugurated 2008, Soundset has since sold out over 35,000 attendees and hosted established national acts such as Atmosphere, Ice Cube, Snoop Dogg, Big Boi, Ludacris, Macklemore, Kendrick Lamar, Chance the Rapper and Nas as well as up and coming artists including Vic Mensa, Manny Phesto and Dem Atlas.", "Soundset Music Festival __knowledge__ Two years after Rhymesayers Entertainment was first founded they hosted an event with over three dozen local underground emcees, DJs, and b-boys in a South Minneapolis warehouse.", "Music for Earthworms __knowledge__ Music for Earthworms is American hip hop artist Aesop Rock's debut album.", "Music for Earthworms __knowledge__ The album was recorded during summers and other occasions on which Aesop Rock would return home to New York City from college at Boston University.", "Music for Earthworms __knowledge__ It was mostly recorded in a Manhattan studio where Dub-L and Plain Pat were working as interns.", "Music for Earthworms __knowledge__ Although the studio was not typically used as a recording studio, it was equipped with impressive technology for the time, including Digital Audio Tape machines, ADAT machines and CD drives capable of burning discs.", "Music for Earthworms __knowledge__ Aesop Rock's vocals were recorded on an SM58 microphone.", "Music for Earthworms __knowledge__ \"Music for Earthworms\" was ultimately self-distributed." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune Records was an American family operated, independent record label located in Detroit, Michigan from 1946 to 1995.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ The label owners were Jack and Devora Brown, their son Sheldon Brown recorded for the label.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Original releases tapered off after 1972 aside from a few albums in the mid-1980s.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune specialized in R&B, blues, soul and doo-wop music, although the label also released pop, big band, hillbilly, gospel, rock and roll, and polka records.", "Fortune Records __knowledge__ Fortune released some doo-wop tunes by Nolan Strong & The Diablos, such as \"The Wind\" (Fortune 511, 1954), \"The Way You Dog Me Around\" (Fortune 518, 1955), and \"Mind Over Matter\" (Fortune 546, 1962).", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records was an American record label specializing in industrial rock and electronic music, founded by John Malm Jr. and Trent Reznor in 1992.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ It is considered an example of a vanity label, where an artist is able to run a label with some degree of independence from within a larger parent company—in this case, Interscope Records was the parent company.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ Nothing Records became largely defunct in 2004 due to a lawsuit by Reznor against John Malm.", "Nothing Records __knowledge__ The label became inactive as a whole following several further releases—the \"Beside You in Time\" (February 2007) home video was the label's final release.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ \"Creep\" is a song recorded by American group TLC for their second studio album \"CrazySexyCool\" (1994).", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ It was written and produced by Dallas Austin, who tried to write the track from his \"female perspective\" while basing on member Tionne \"T-Boz\" Watkins's real story of infidelity.", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ The lyrics portray the singers as women that cheat back at their lovers for the attention.", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ This context was considered to be controversial as it was strongly opposed by member Lisa \"Left Eye\" Lopes, who even threatened to wear black tape over her mouth on its accompanying music video.", "Creep (TLC song) __knowledge__ Despite this, LaFace and Arista Records still released the song as the album's lead single on October 31, 1994, which subsequently granted critical acclaim and commercial success.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ European hip hop is hip hop music created by European musicians.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop is a style of music developed by African American and Caribbean communities in the United States during the mid-1970s, and became a large part of modern pop culture during the 1980s.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ Due to this success, it has gained worldwide popularity, especially in Europe where many diverse and unique styles of hip hop have been created.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ This diversity is especially apparent in the forms of hip hop music and culture emanating from settler communities from Europe's former colonies and peripheries.", "European hip hop __knowledge__ In Denmark, Hip Hop rap music has been growing steadily more popular over the last fifteen years and began with Danish language acts such as MC Einar and Rockers by Choice, later on: less knowned Rip Rap & Rock, Flopstarz, Humleridderne and Faktaposen, The Danish way of doing rap music was topped in the 80's towards acceptance among the common people who did not listen to any rap music was with a rap song called: \"Rap Nu\" by the famed and beloved old Danish football commentator: Gunnar \"Nu\" Hansen.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Hip hop music, also called hip-hop or rap music, is a music genre developed in the United States by inner-city African Americans in the 1970s which consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping, a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements: MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records (or synthesized beats and sounds), and rhythmic beatboxing.", "Hip hop music __knowledge__ While often used to refer solely to rapping, \"hip hop\" more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop or hip-hop is a subculture and art movement developed in The Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ The origins of the word are often disputed.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Some believe that the word was invented by Keith Cowboy of The Furious Five.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ Others believe it was a derogatory name for the people who practise the art and wear the relative clothing.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ It is also argued as to whether hip hop started in the South or West Bronx.", "Hip hop __knowledge__ While the term \"hip hop\" is often used to refer exclusively to hip hop music (also called \"rap\"), hip hop is characterized by nine elements, however only four elements are considered most necessary to understand hip-hop musically.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Midwest hip hop __knowledge__ Midwest hip-hop is hip hop music performed by artists from the Midwestern United States.", "Midwest hip hop __knowledge__ In contrast with its East Coast, West Coast and Southern counterparts, Midwest hip hop has very few constants in style or production.", "Midwest hip hop __knowledge__ Midwest hip hop's first dose of national popularity came in the mid-90s with the extremely fast-paced rappers known as Choppers, such as Bone Thugs-n-Harmony (Cleveland), Twista (Chicago), Tech N9ne (Kansas City), Atmosphere (Minneapolis), and Eminem (Detroit).", "Midwest hip hop __knowledge__ However, while the artists mentioned above became the first to introduce Midwest hip hop that rivaled the popularity of West and East Coast styles, subsequent acts have since risen to national prominence such as Nelly, D12, Common, Chief Keef, Kanye West, Kid Cudi, Big Sean, and Chance the Rapper but they share very few similarities.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ In 1985 hip hop reached Senegal, a French-speaking country in West Africa.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Some of the first Senegalese rappers were M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Lida, M.C.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ Solaar, and Positive Black Soul, who mixed rap with \"Mbalax\", a type of West African pop music.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ An early South African group was Black Noise.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ They began as a graffiti and breakdance crew in Cape Town until they started emceeing in 1989.", "African hip hop __knowledge__ There also have been groups in Tanzania and other countries that emceed before 1989,that knows as Kwanza Unit although it is not very well known.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Illmatic is the debut studio album by American rapper Nas.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ It was released on April 19, 1994, by Columbia Records.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ After signing with the label with the help of MC Serch, Nas recorded the album in 1992 and 1993 at Chung King Studios, D&D Recording, Battery Studios, and Unique Recording Studios in New York City.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Its production was handled by DJ Premier, Large Professor, Pete Rock, Q-Tip, L.E.S.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ and Nas himself.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ Styled as a hardcore hip hop album, \"Illmatic\" features multi-syllabic internal rhymes and inner-city narratives based on Nas's experiences in Queensbridge, New York.", "Illmatic __knowledge__ The album debuted at number 12 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 chart, selling 60,000 copies in its first week." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Trumpet __knowledge__ A trumpet is a brass instrument commonly used in classical and jazz ensembles.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ The trumpet group contains the instruments with the highest register in the brass family.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpet-like instruments have historically been used as signaling devices in battle or hunting, with examples dating back to at least 1500 BC; they began to be used as musical instruments only in the late 14th or early 15th century.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Trumpets are used in art music styles, for instance in orchestras, concert bands, and jazz ensembles, as well as in popular music.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ They are played by blowing air through nearly-closed lips (called the player's embouchure), producing a \"buzzing\" sound that starts a standing wave vibration in the air column inside the instrument.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Since the late 15th century they have primarily been constructed of brass tubing, usually bent twice into a rounded rectangular shape.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ There are many distinct types of trumpet, with the most common being pitched in B (a transposing instrument), having a tubing length of about .", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Early trumpets did not provide means to change the length of tubing, whereas modern instruments generally have three (or sometimes four) valves in order to change their pitch.", "Trumpet __knowledge__ Most trumpets have valves of the piston type, while some have the rotary type.", "Asnaketch Worku __knowledge__ Asnaketch Worku, also known by the French spelling of her name Asnaqètch Wèrqu (also spelled \"Asnaqetch\", \"Asnakech\" and \"Worqu\", \"Werku\", etc.", "Asnaketch Worku __knowledge__ ; Ge'ez አስናቀች ወርቁ \"Āsnāḳeč Werḳū\" or \"Worḳū\", pronounced , Amharic: \"she surpassed,\" \"His gold\") (c. 1935 – September 14, 2011) was a famous Ethiopian singer.", "Asnaketch Worku __knowledge__ Her trademark instrument was the \"krar\", a traditional Ethiopian plucked lyre.", "Asnaketch Worku __knowledge__ Asnaketch was born in the Sidist Kilo neighborhood of Addis Ababa and was raised in the city.", "Asnaketch Worku __knowledge__ Her parents separated shortly after her birth and she never met her father.", "Asnaketch Worku __knowledge__ After her mother died when she was three, Worku was raised by her godmother, whom she was not very fond of.", "This Addiction __knowledge__ This Addiction is the seventh studio album by the punk rock band Alkaline Trio, released February 23, 2010 as the first release by their newly formed record label Heart & Skull, a joint venture with Epitaph Records.", "This Addiction __knowledge__ Described as a return to the band's punk rock roots, it was recorded at Atlas Studios in their hometown of Chicago with Matt Allison, the same location and producer used for much of their early material.", "This Addiction __knowledge__ The album draws lyrical inspiration from the band members' personal lives, addressing themes such as love, addiction, death, divorce, grief, suicide, politics, and war.", "This Addiction __knowledge__ It became the highest-charting album of the band's career, debuting on the \"Billboard\" 200 at #11 and also reaching #1 on the Rock, Independent, and Alternative Albums charts.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ The music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) is the film and television scores composed by various composers for the films and television series of that franchise.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Ramin Djawadi provided the first MCU music with his original score for \"Iron Man\" in 2008.", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Alan Silvestri was the first composer to work on multiple MCU films after he transitioned from scoring \"\" (2011) to \"Marvel's The Avengers\" (2012), while Brian Tyler was the first composer to reference the work of another MCU composer when he quoted Silvestri's \"Captain America March\" in his score for \"\" (2013).", "Music of the Marvel Cinematic Universe __knowledge__ Original music has also been composed for the Marvel One-Shots short film series, and other related projects of the MCU, including the fanfares for the two Marvel Studios logos, composed by Tyler and Michael Giacchino, respectively.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Fly Like a Bird __knowledge__ \"Fly Like a Bird\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey, first released on February 13, 2006 by Island Records as the sixth single from her tenth studio album, \"The Emancipation of Mimi\" (2005).", "Fly Like a Bird __knowledge__ Written and produced by Carey and James \"Big Jim\" Wright, the song is influenced by Gospel, soul, and R&B music genres.", "Fly Like a Bird __knowledge__ Its arrangement is built on piano chords and guitar melodies, and features Carey's pastor Clarence Keaton, who recites two Biblical verses during the song's introduction and bridge.", "Fly Like a Bird __knowledge__ Carey described \"Fly Like a Bird\" as the most personal and religious track from \"The Emancipation of Mimi\", with its lyrics featuring a veritable prayer to God: \"Fly like a bird, take to the sky, I need you now Lord, carry me high!\".", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "Electric-vehicle battery __knowledge__ An electric-vehicle battery (EVB) or traction battery is a battery used to power the propulsion of battery electric vehicles (BEVs).", "Electric-vehicle battery __knowledge__ Vehicle batteries are usually a secondary (rechargeable) battery.", "Electric-vehicle battery __knowledge__ Traction batteries are used in forklifts, electric Golf carts, riding floor scrubbers, electric motorcycles, full-size electric cars, trucks, vans, and other electric vehicles.", "Electric-vehicle battery __knowledge__ Electric-vehicle batteries differ from starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) batteries because they are designed to give power over sustained periods of time.", "Electric-vehicle battery __knowledge__ Deep-cycle batteries are used instead of SLI batteries for these applications.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ The Harbor Defenses of New York was a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps harbor defense command.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ It coordinated the coast defenses of New York City from 1895 to 1950, beginning with the Endicott program, some of which were located in New Jersey.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ These included both coast artillery forts and underwater minefields.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ The command originated circa 1895 as an Artillery District(s) and became the Coast Defenses of Eastern New York and Coast Defenses of Southern New York in 1913.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ Circa 1915 the Coast Defenses of Sandy Hook separated from the latter command.", "Harbor Defenses of New York __knowledge__ In 1925 the commands were renamed as Harbor Defense Commands, and in 1935 the Harbor Defenses of Eastern New York was disestablished, although possibly retaining the minefield capability.", "Fort Wadsworth __knowledge__ Fort Wadsworth is a former United States military installation on Staten Island in New York City, situated on The Narrows which divide New York Bay into Upper and Lower halves, a natural point for defense of the Upper Bay and Manhattan beyond.", "Fort Wadsworth __knowledge__ Prior to closing in 1994 it claimed to be the longest continually garrisoned military installation in the United States.", "Fort Wadsworth __knowledge__ Divided into several smaller units, including Fort Tompkins and Fort Richmond, its present name was adopted in 1865 to honor Brigadier General James Wadsworth, who had been killed in the Battle of the Wilderness during the Civil War.", "Fort Wadsworth __knowledge__ Fort Wadsworth is now part of the Staten Island Unit of Gateway National Recreation Area, maintained by the National Park Service.", "Better Place (company) __knowledge__ Better Place was a venture-backed international company that developed and sold battery-charging and battery-switching services for electric cars.", "Better Place (company) __knowledge__ It was formally based in Palo Alto, California, but the bulk of its planning and operations were steered from Israel, where both its founder Shai Agassi and its chief investors resided.", "Better Place (company) __knowledge__ The company opened its first functional charging station the first week of December 2008 at Cinema City in Pi-Glilot near Tel Aviv, Israel The first customer deliveries of Renault Fluence Z.E.", "Better Place (company) __knowledge__ electric cars enabled with battery switching technology began in Israel in the second quarter of 2012, and at peak in mid September 2012, there were 21 operational battery-swap stations open to the public in Israel.", "Nissan Leaf __knowledge__ The Nissan Leaf is a compact five-door hatchback electric car manufactured by Nissan and introduced in Japan and the United States in December 2010, followed by various European countries and Canada in 2011.", "Nissan Leaf __knowledge__ The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) official range for the 2016 model year Leaf with the 30 kWh battery is on a full battery charge, while the trim with the smaller 24 kWh battery is , the same as the 2014/15 model year.", "Nissan Leaf __knowledge__ Leaf battery packs can be charged from fully discharged to 80% capacity in about 30 minutes using DC fast charging.", "Nissan Leaf __knowledge__ More than 300,000 Leafs have been sold worldwide through January 2018, making the Leaf the world's all-time best-selling highway-capable electric car in history.", "Electric car __knowledge__ An electric car is an automobile that is propelled by one or more electric motors, using energy stored in rechargeable batteries.", "Electric car __knowledge__ The first practical electric cars were produced in the 1880s.", "Electric car __knowledge__ Electric cars were popular in the late 19th century and early 20th century, until advances in internal combustion engines, electric starters in particular, and mass production of cheaper gasoline vehicles led to a decline in the use of electric drive vehicles.", "Electric car __knowledge__ In 1897, electric cars found their first commercial use in the USA.", "Electric car __knowledge__ New York City taxis were electric, and they were manufactured by the Philadelphian Electric Carriage and Wagon company.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ A hearing aid is a device designed to improve hearing by making sound audible to a person with hearing loss.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Hearing aids are classified as medical devices in most countries, and regulated by the respective regulations.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Small audio amplifiers such as PSAPs or other plain sound reinforcing systems cannot be sold as \"hearing aids\".", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Early devices, such as ear trumpets or ear horns, were passive amplification cones designed to gather sound energy and direct it into the ear canal.", "Hearing aid __knowledge__ Modern devices are computerised electroacoustic systems that transform environmental sound to make it audible, according to audiometrical and cognitive rules." ] ]

[ 4, 0, 51, 0, 0 ]

[ "I never played the trumpet but to be fair, I was never in a orchestra band or jazz group", "A bit, I remember this one song by Aesop Rock that has a trumpet as the beat, and it was really well done, so I do like it sometimes!", "he is actually a rapper, his career started in the late 1990s and early 2000s, he was part of the underground hip hop wave", "there was a trumpet noise that he used to create the beat of the song, like the trumpet interlaced with other sounds, I think the song is called Battery or Batteries", "I do not know many other trumpet songs, but there was a very popular era of Trumpet players" ]

[ "Trumpet", "Trumpet", "Trumpet", "Trumpet", "Trumpet" ]

[ "Brewery\nI am looking to work at a brewery. Do you have any tips?", "I want to be an analyst. What exactly is a brewery? ", "Yes thats exactly what I want to do. What else do you know about brewery that might help me in an interview? ", "That is a long time. What is your favorite beer?", "Budweiser is a bit too bitter for me. Yes that is shocking, I didnt know such cultures used beer that way!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ The Pearl Brewing Company (also known as the Pearl Brewery or just Pearl) was an American brewery, established in 1883 in Downtown San Antonio, Texas, USA.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1985, Pearl's parent company purchased the Pabst Brewing Company and assumed the Pabst name.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1999, the Pabst Brewing Company began transferring its production to Miller Brewing, on a contract basis, and closing all of its breweries.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ Pearl beer is still in production at Miller's Ft. Worth, Texas facility, but the Pearl Brewery in San Antonio was closed in 2001.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ Since then, the former brewery was purchased by Silver Ventures, Inc., which has made the property the crown jewel in revitalization efforts of southern Midtown and northern Downtown San Antonio.", "GABS Hottest 100 Aussie Craft Beers of the Year __knowledge__ The GABS 'Hottest 100 Aussie Craft Beers of the Year' poll began as a bit of fun in January 2008 at The Local Taphouse beer bars in Melbourne and Sydney, the home of the very first GABS beer festival in 2011.", "GABS Hottest 100 Aussie Craft Beers of the Year __knowledge__ Staff and customers voted for their favourite five Australian craft beers of the year and the resultant list of 100 beers was jokingly called the \"hottest 100 Aussie craft beers of the year\" after the famous Triple J Hottest 100 songs annual poll.", "GABS Hottest 100 Aussie Craft Beers of the Year __knowledge__ Now supported by beer publications Crafty Pint and Australian Brews News, the annual beer poll attracts thousands of beer fans around the country who vote for their favourite Australian craft beers each year.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ Heineken International is a group which owns a worldwide portfolio of over 170 beer brands, mainly pale lager, though some other beer styles are produced.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ As of 2006, Heineken owns over 125 breweries in more than 70 countries and employs approximately 57,557 people.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ The two largest brands are Heineken and Tecate; though the portfolio includes Amstel, Fosters (in Europe and Vietnam), Sagres, Cruzcampo, Skopsko, Affligem, Żywiec, Starobrno, Zagorka, Zlatý Bažant and Birra Moretti.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ Heineken Lager Beer is the flagship product of the company.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ It is a 5% abv pale lager that was first made in 1868.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ It is brewed by 40 breweries in 39 countries around the world.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Hibernia Brewing Ltd. was an American brewery company, the successor firm to the Walter Brewing Company, located in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Under the leadership of Michael Healy, president and chief stockholder of Hibernia, the brewery introduced several specialty brews considered innovative for their time and became one of the first producers in the American Midwest of what now are considered to be craft beers and ales.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ At its peak, Hibernia produced over 30,000 barrels of beer per year, employed about 50 workers, and had a market range that included Minneapolis–Saint Paul, St. Louis, Missouri, and Omaha, Nebraska, with success also in Denver and Boulder, Colorado to the west and south; and Chicago, Milwaukee, and suburban Cleveland, Ohio to the east.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Fred Koch Brewery __knowledge__ The original Fred Koch Brewery was a small, independent brewery in Dunkirk, New York that produced beer and ale from late 1888 until 1985.", "Fred Koch Brewery __knowledge__ Production peaked in the early 1950s with over 100,000 barrels brewed annually.", "Fred Koch Brewery __knowledge__ When the Dunkirk, New York brewery was closed in 1985, it was located at 15-25 West Courtney Street.", "Fred Koch Brewery __knowledge__ The Genesee Brewing Company currently owns the trademark rights to the name \"Fred Koch Brewery\", but it is not producing any products under the \"Koch's\" name.", "Fred Koch Brewery __knowledge__ The brewery was not connected to Jim Koch of Samuel Adams (beer) fame.", "Fred Koch Brewery __knowledge__ Organized in the spring of 1888 by Fred Koch and Frank Werle as the Lake City Brewery, the company began its operation in the Fink brewery in the town of Dunkirk, New York.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Beer in Asia began when beer was produced in Sumer, Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq) circa 6000 years ago.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Its was introduced by Europeans in the 19th century, with modern breweries established in British India, the Dutch East Indies (today Indonesia), China, and Japan.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Asia's first modern brewery was established in 1830 in British India entirely using European brewing technology.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Today, beer brewing is a growing industry in Asia.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ China has been the world's largest beer producer since 2001.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Asia is the largest beer-producing region in the world since 2009.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ In 2013, Asian top beer producing countries were China (46.5 million kiloliters), Japan (5.5 million kiloliters), Vietnam (3.1 million kiloliters), Thailand (2.3 million kiloliters), South Korea (2 million kiloliters) and India (1.9 million kiloliters)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ The Pearl Brewing Company (also known as the Pearl Brewery or just Pearl) was an American brewery, established in 1883 in Downtown San Antonio, Texas, USA.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1985, Pearl's parent company purchased the Pabst Brewing Company and assumed the Pabst name.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1999, the Pabst Brewing Company began transferring its production to Miller Brewing, on a contract basis, and closing all of its breweries.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ Pearl beer is still in production at Miller's Ft. Worth, Texas facility, but the Pearl Brewery in San Antonio was closed in 2001.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ Since then, the former brewery was purchased by Silver Ventures, Inc., which has made the property the crown jewel in revitalization efforts of southern Midtown and northern Downtown San Antonio.", "GABS Hottest 100 Aussie Craft Beers of the Year __knowledge__ The GABS 'Hottest 100 Aussie Craft Beers of the Year' poll began as a bit of fun in January 2008 at The Local Taphouse beer bars in Melbourne and Sydney, the home of the very first GABS beer festival in 2011.", "GABS Hottest 100 Aussie Craft Beers of the Year __knowledge__ Staff and customers voted for their favourite five Australian craft beers of the year and the resultant list of 100 beers was jokingly called the \"hottest 100 Aussie craft beers of the year\" after the famous Triple J Hottest 100 songs annual poll.", "GABS Hottest 100 Aussie Craft Beers of the Year __knowledge__ Now supported by beer publications Crafty Pint and Australian Brews News, the annual beer poll attracts thousands of beer fans around the country who vote for their favourite Australian craft beers each year.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ Heineken International is a group which owns a worldwide portfolio of over 170 beer brands, mainly pale lager, though some other beer styles are produced.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ As of 2006, Heineken owns over 125 breweries in more than 70 countries and employs approximately 57,557 people.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ The two largest brands are Heineken and Tecate; though the portfolio includes Amstel, Fosters (in Europe and Vietnam), Sagres, Cruzcampo, Skopsko, Affligem, Żywiec, Starobrno, Zagorka, Zlatý Bažant and Birra Moretti.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ Heineken Lager Beer is the flagship product of the company.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ It is a 5% abv pale lager that was first made in 1868.", "Heineken brands __knowledge__ It is brewed by 40 breweries in 39 countries around the world.", "Intelligence analysis __knowledge__ Intelligence analysis is the application of individual and collective cognitive methods to weigh data and test hypotheses within a secret socio-cultural context.", "Intelligence analysis __knowledge__ The descriptions are drawn from what may only be available in the form of deliberately deceptive information; the analyst must correlate the similarities among deceptions and extract a common truth.", "Intelligence analysis __knowledge__ Although its practice is found in its purest form inside national intelligence agencies, its methods are also applicable in fields such as business intelligence or competitive intelligence.", "Intelligence analysis __knowledge__ Intelligence analysis is a way of reducing the ambiguity of highly ambiguous situations.", "Emu Brewery __knowledge__ The Emu Brewery was a brewery in Perth, Western Australia, which traced its history to the first decade of the colony.", "Emu Brewery __knowledge__ Founded in 1837 by James Stokes as the Albion Brewery, it was located beside the Swan River on a block bounded by Mounts Bay Road, Spring Street and Mount Street.", "Emu Brewery __knowledge__ The business changed hands — and names — several times, until its ultimate acquisition by competitor the Swan Brewery in 1927.", "Emu Brewery __knowledge__ New brewery buildings were constructed over the years.", "Emu Brewery __knowledge__ The most notable of these was an imposing Art Deco building erected between 1936 and 1938.", "Emu Brewery __knowledge__ This building continued to be used to produce Emu-brand beer until the late 1970s, when production was shifted to a new factory in Canning Vale.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Hibernia Brewing Ltd. was an American brewery company, the successor firm to the Walter Brewing Company, located in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Under the leadership of Michael Healy, president and chief stockholder of Hibernia, the brewery introduced several specialty brews considered innovative for their time and became one of the first producers in the American Midwest of what now are considered to be craft beers and ales.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ At its peak, Hibernia produced over 30,000 barrels of beer per year, employed about 50 workers, and had a market range that included Minneapolis–Saint Paul, St. Louis, Missouri, and Omaha, Nebraska, with success also in Denver and Boulder, Colorado to the west and south; and Chicago, Milwaukee, and suburban Cleveland, Ohio to the east.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Beer in Asia began when beer was produced in Sumer, Mesopotamia (ancient Iraq) circa 6000 years ago.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Its was introduced by Europeans in the 19th century, with modern breweries established in British India, the Dutch East Indies (today Indonesia), China, and Japan.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Asia's first modern brewery was established in 1830 in British India entirely using European brewing technology.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Today, beer brewing is a growing industry in Asia.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ China has been the world's largest beer producer since 2001.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ Asia is the largest beer-producing region in the world since 2009.", "Beer in Asia __knowledge__ In 2013, Asian top beer producing countries were China (46.5 million kiloliters), Japan (5.5 million kiloliters), Vietnam (3.1 million kiloliters), Thailand (2.3 million kiloliters), South Korea (2 million kiloliters) and India (1.9 million kiloliters).", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield is the fictional town in which the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\" is set.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ A mid-sized town in an undetermined state of the United States, Springfield acts as a complete universe in which characters can explore the issues faced by modern society.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ The geography of the town and its surroundings is flexible, changing to address whatever an episode's plot calls for.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield's location is impossible to determine, and the show is deliberately evasive on the subject, providing contradictory clues and information about its location.", "Springfield (The Simpsons) __knowledge__ Springfield is intended to represent \"anytown, USA\" and not be a specific real town, although the producers acknowledge basing the town on numerous locations including \"The Simpsons\" creator Matt Groening's hometown of Portland, Oregon, and Mike Scully's hometown, Springfield, Massachusetts.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC is a brewing company based in St. Louis, Missouri USA and headquartered in Leuven, Belgium.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Since 2008, it has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) which also has its North American regional management headquarters in St. Louis.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ The original Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) was formed through successive mergers of three international brewing groups: Interbrew from Belgium, AmBev from Brazil and Anheuser-Busch.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Hence, since 2008, Anheuser-Busch has been a division of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, now the world's largest brewing company.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ The company employs over 30,000 people, operates 12 breweries in the United States, and until December 2009, was one of the largest theme park operators in the United States, with ten theme parks through the company's family entertainment division, Busch Entertainment Corporation.", "Blue laws in the United States __knowledge__ Blue laws in the United States vary by state.", "Blue laws in the United States __knowledge__ Blue laws are laws designed to enforce religious standards.", "Blue laws in the United States __knowledge__ Many states prohibit selling alcoholic beverages for on- and off-premises sales in one form or another on Sundays at some restricted time.", "Blue laws in the United States __knowledge__ Blue laws may also prohibit retail activity on days such as Sunday.", "Blue laws in the United States __knowledge__ Erwin Fahlbusch and Geoffrey William Bromiley write that throughout their existence, first-day Sabbatarian organizations have been supported by labor unions in lobbying \"to prevent secular and commercial interests from hampering freedom of worship and from exploiting workers.\"", "Blue laws in the United States __knowledge__ For example, the United States Congress was supported by the Lord's Day Alliance in securing \"a day of rest for city postal clerks whose hours of labor, unlike those of city mail carriers, were largely unregulated.\"" ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ Jiya Jale was a popular Hindi TV serial that aired on 9X channel from 19 November 2007 to 19 June 2008, Monday to Thursday at 8:30 pm IND / 9.00pm UK, based on the concept of love story of Sunaina and Chandan.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show was replaced by Dahhej, another popular show on 9X.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show aired again on 9X in 2009 due to its popularity.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The show also aired on Zee Anmol and Zee Lamhee in 2015.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story is based on the life of an ordinary girl Sunaina, who was brought up in a close and caring family.", "Jiya Jale __knowledge__ The story takes off when Sunaina has just fallen in the love with the idea of love, when she meets Chandan.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ College admissions in the United States refers to the process of applying for entrance to institutions of higher education for undergraduate study at one of the nation's 2,675 schools.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Generally, the college search begins in the student's eleventh grade of high school with most activity taking place during the twelfth grade, although students at top high schools often begin the process during their tenth grade or earlier.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ In addition, there are considerable numbers of students who transfer from one college to another, as well as adults older than high school age who apply to college.", "College admissions in the United States __knowledge__ Millions of high school students apply to college each year.", "Fuzzy concept __knowledge__ A fuzzy concept is a concept of which the boundaries of application can vary considerably according to context or conditions, instead of being fixed once and for all.", "Fuzzy concept __knowledge__ This means the concept is \"vague\" in some way, lacking a fixed, precise meaning, without however being unclear or meaningless altogether.", "Fuzzy concept __knowledge__ It has a definite meaning, which can be made more precise only through further elaboration and specification, including a closer definition of the context in which the concept is used.", "Fuzzy concept __knowledge__ A fuzzy concept is understood by scientists as a concept which is \"to an extent applicable\" in a situation, and it therefore implies gradations of significance or unsharp (variable) boundaries of application.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ General Sir Hubert de la Poer Gough (12 August 1870 – 18 March 1963) was a senior officer in the British Army in the First World War.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ A favourite of the British Commander-in-Chief, Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, he experienced a meteoric rise through the ranks during the war and commanded the British Fifth Army from 1916 to 1918.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ The name of Gough probably derives from the Welsh word \"coch\", meaning \"red\".", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ Before leaving England Gough's ancestors were clerics and clerks in Wiltshire, and the family settled in Ireland in the early 17th century, not as planters but in clerical positions.", "Hubert Gough __knowledge__ By the nineteenth century they were an Anglo-Irish family of the landed gentry settled at Gurteen, County Waterford, Ireland.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ The Pearl Brewing Company (also known as the Pearl Brewery or just Pearl) was an American brewery, established in 1883 in Downtown San Antonio, Texas, USA.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1985, Pearl's parent company purchased the Pabst Brewing Company and assumed the Pabst name.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1999, the Pabst Brewing Company began transferring its production to Miller Brewing, on a contract basis, and closing all of its breweries.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ Pearl beer is still in production at Miller's Ft. Worth, Texas facility, but the Pearl Brewery in San Antonio was closed in 2001.", "Pearl Brewing Company __knowledge__ Since then, the former brewery was purchased by Silver Ventures, Inc., which has made the property the crown jewel in revitalization efforts of southern Midtown and northern Downtown San Antonio.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Hibernia Brewing Ltd. was an American brewery company, the successor firm to the Walter Brewing Company, located in Eau Claire, Wisconsin.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ Under the leadership of Michael Healy, president and chief stockholder of Hibernia, the brewery introduced several specialty brews considered innovative for their time and became one of the first producers in the American Midwest of what now are considered to be craft beers and ales.", "Hibernia Brewing __knowledge__ At its peak, Hibernia produced over 30,000 barrels of beer per year, employed about 50 workers, and had a market range that included Minneapolis–Saint Paul, St. Louis, Missouri, and Omaha, Nebraska, with success also in Denver and Boulder, Colorado to the west and south; and Chicago, Milwaukee, and suburban Cleveland, Ohio to the east.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.", "Brewing __knowledge__ It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the indigenous peoples in Brazil when making cauim.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia brewed beer.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Picobrouwerij Alvinne __knowledge__ Picobrouwerij Alvinne is a small brewery in the small hamlet of Moen near the Belgian city of Zwevegem.", "Picobrouwerij Alvinne __knowledge__ The name of the brewery derives from a female spirit of local folk tales, who can be seen depicted on the brewery's logo and labels.", "Picobrouwerij Alvinne __knowledge__ The brewery creates a wide range of beers, including versions of 'traditional' Belgian styles such as Strong Golden Ales, Abbey-style beers and Saison, as well as original creations that cross stylistic boundaries and beers inspired by styles from outside their home country like Imperial Stout.", "Picobrouwerij Alvinne __knowledge__ Although quite small and a newcomer to the Belgian brewing world, being founded in 2002, Alvinne has gained international attention, no small feat in this brewery-intensive nation." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.", "Pint glass __knowledge__ A pint glass is a form of drinkware made to hold either a British (\"imperial\") pint of or an American pint of .", "Pint glass __knowledge__ These glasses are typically used to serve beer, and also often for cider.", "Pint glass __knowledge__ The common shapes of pint glass are: Pint glasses became popular in the United Kingdom in the early/mid-20th century, replacing tankards (pewter, ceramic, and glass).", "Pint glass __knowledge__ This change is notably lamented by George Orwell in his 1946 essay \"The Moon Under Water\".", "Pint glass __knowledge__ Older styles include: In the United Kingdom, draught beer must be sold in Imperial measure (see ).", "Pint glass __knowledge__ United Kingdom law requires certain steps be taken to ensure that a pint of beer is indeed a pint.", "Iron City Brewing Company __knowledge__ The Iron City Brewing Company (also known as the Pittsburgh Brewing Company) is a beer company that until August 2009 had been located in the Lawrenceville neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.", "Iron City Brewing Company __knowledge__ On June 11, 2009, it was reported that the brewery was \"moving\" to Latrobe, Pennsylvania.", "Iron City Brewing Company __knowledge__ That move was recently completed and Iron City is now produced in the Latrobe Brewery that was once used to produce Rolling Rock.", "Iron City Brewing Company __knowledge__ In 1861, a young German immigrant, Edward Frauenheim, started the Iron City Brewery, one of the first American breweries to produce a lager, in the bustling river port known at the time as the \"Smoky City.\"", "McDibbs __knowledge__ McDibbs, a music house in Black Mountain, North Carolina pioneered the development of both the non-smoking bar, and the now thriving Asheville area music scene.", "McDibbs __knowledge__ David Peele founded McDibbs in the late 70's to showcase local talent.", "McDibbs __knowledge__ His innovations in running McDibbs eventually drew high profile regional acts like Bela Fleck while retaining a rich bohemian vibe within the establishment.", "McDibbs __knowledge__ McDibbs reflected a community reminiscent of the Greenwich Village Folk Revival of the 1960s, and reflected a non traditional aesthetic.", "McDibbs __knowledge__ The community of musicians, artists, and storytellers viewed McDibbs as a cultural landmark that set the stage for the rise of the Asheville area's music and art scene.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Beer in Canada was introduced by European settlers in the seventeenth century.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The first commercial brewery was La Brasseries due Roy [sic] started by New France Intendant Jean Talon, in Québec City in 1668.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ Many commercial brewers thrived until Prohibition in Canada.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The provincial and federal governments' attempt to eliminate \"intoxicating\" beverages led to the closing of nearly three quarters of breweries between 1878 and 1928.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ It was only in the second half of the twentieth century that a significant number of new breweries opened up.", "Beer in Canada __knowledge__ The Canadian Beer industry now plays an important role in Canadian identity, though globalization of the brewing industry has seen the major players in Canada acquired by, or merged with, foreign companies, notably its three largest beer producers, Labatt, Molson and Sleeman.", "Beaker culture __knowledge__ The Bell-Beaker culture (sometimes shortened to Beaker culture, is the term for a widely scattered archaeological culture of prehistoric western and Central Europe, starting in the late Neolithic or Chalcolithic and running into the early Bronze Age (in British terminology).", "Beaker culture __knowledge__ The term was coined by John Abercromby, based on the culture's distinctive pottery beakers, which he interpreted as drinking vessels.", "Beaker culture __knowledge__ The Bell Beaker culture is understood as not only a particular pottery type, but also a complete and complex cultural phenomenon involving metalwork in copper, gold, archery, specific types of ornamentation and shared ideological, cultural and religious ideas.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest beverages humans have produced, dating back to at least the 5th millennium BC in Iran, and was recorded in the written history of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and spread throughout the world.", "History of beer __knowledge__ As almost any cereal containing certain sugars can undergo spontaneous fermentation due to wild yeasts in the air, it is possible that beer-like beverages were independently developed throughout the world soon after a tribe or culture had domesticated cereal.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Chemical tests of ancient pottery jars reveal that beer was produced as far back as about 7,000 years ago in what is today Iran.", "Ancient Egyptian cuisine __knowledge__ The cuisine of ancient Egypt covers a span of over three thousand years, but still retained many consistent traits until well into Greco-Roman times.", "Ancient Egyptian cuisine __knowledge__ The staples of both poor and wealthy Egyptians were bread and beer, often accompanied by green-shooted onions, other vegetables, and to a lesser extent meat, game and fish.", "Ancient Egyptian cuisine __knowledge__ Depictions of banquets can be found in paintings from both the Old Kingdom and New Kingdom.", "Ancient Egyptian cuisine __knowledge__ They usually started sometime in the afternoon.", "Ancient Egyptian cuisine __knowledge__ Men and women were separated unless they were married.", "Ancient Egyptian cuisine __knowledge__ Seating varied according to social status, with those of the highest status sitting on chairs, those slightly lower sat on stools and those lowest in rank sat on the raw floor.", "Old Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ The Old Assyrian Empire is one of four periods in which the history of Assyria is divided, the other three being: the Early Assyrian Period, the Middle Assyrian Period and the New Assyrian Period.", "Old Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Assyria was a major Mesopotamian Semitic languages-speaking kingdom and empire of the ancient Near East.", "Old Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Centered on the Tigris-Euphrates River System in Upper Mesopotamia, the Assyrian people came to rule powerful empires at several times.", "Old Assyrian Empire __knowledge__ Making up a substantial part of the \"Cradle of Civilization\", which included Sumer, the Akkadian Empire, and Babylonia, Assyria was at the height of technological, scientific and cultural achievements at its peak." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Brewing was initially a cottage industry, with production taking place at home; by the ninth century monasteries and farms would produce beer on a larger scale, selling the excess; and by the eleventh and twelfth centuries larger, dedicated breweries with eight to ten workers were being built.", "Brewery __knowledge__ The diversity of size in breweries is matched by the diversity of processes, degrees of automation, and kinds of beer produced in breweries.", "Brewery __knowledge__ A brewery is typically divided into distinct sections, with each section reserved for one part of the brewing process.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.", "Brewery __knowledge__ In some form, it can be traced back almost 5000 years to Mesopotamian writings describing daily rations of beer and bread to workers.", "Brewery __knowledge__ Before the rise of production breweries, the production of beer took place at home and was the domain of women, as baking and brewing were seen as \"women's work\".", "Budweiser __knowledge__ Budweiser () is an American-style pale lager produced by Anheuser-Busch, currently part of the transnational corporation Anheuser-Busch InBev.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ Introduced in 1876 by Carl Conrad & Co. of St. Louis, Missouri, it has grown to become one of the largest selling beers in the United States, and is available in over 80 markets worldwidethough, due to a trademark dispute, not necessarily under the Budweiser name.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ It is made with up to 30% rice in addition to hops and barley malt.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ Produced in various breweries around the world, Budweiser is a filtered beer available in draft and packaged forms.", "Budweiser __knowledge__ Anheuser–Busch has been involved in a trademark dispute with European beer companies, in particular the Budweiser Budvar Brewery of České Budějovice, Czech Republic, over the trademark rights to the name \"Budweiser\".", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ Anheuser-Busch, a wholly owned subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, is the largest brewing company in the United States, with a market share of 45 percent in 2016.", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ The company operates 12 breweries in the United States and nearly 20 in other countries, which increased recently since Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV acquired SABMiller.", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ Brands include \"Budweiser\", \"Busch\", \"Michelob\", \"Bud Light\", and \"Natural Light\".", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ \"Budweiser\" is a 5.0% ABV Adjunct pale lager introduced in 1876 by Adolphus Busch and has become one of the best selling beers in the United States.", "Anheuser-Busch brands __knowledge__ It is made with up to 30% rice in addition to hops and barley malt.", "Super Bowl commercials __knowledge__ The U.S. television broadcast of the Super Bowl – the championship game of the National Football League (NFL) – features many high-profile television commercials, colloquially known as Super Bowl ads.", "Super Bowl commercials __knowledge__ The phenomenon is a result of the game's extremely high viewership and wide demographics: Super Bowl games have frequently been among the United States' most watched television broadcasts, with Nielsen having estimated that Super Bowl XLIX in 2015 was seen by at least 114.4 million viewers in the United States, surpassing the previous year's Super Bowl as the highest-rated television broadcast in U.S. history.", "Budweiser Budvar Brewery __knowledge__ Budweiser Budvar (; ; \"Budvar from Budweis\") Brewery, located in the Czech city of České Budějovice () is best known for its original Budweiser or Budweiser Budvar pale lager brewed in accordance with the 1516 \"Reinheitsgebot\" law using artesian water, Moravian barley and Saaz hops.", "Budweiser Budvar Brewery __knowledge__ The state-owned brewery and its Budweiser pale lager have been engaged in a dispute with Anheuser-Busch, a brewery in the United States, over the right to market and sell the beer under the name \"Budweiser\" since the start of the 20th century.", "Budweiser Budvar Brewery __knowledge__ The brewery is incorporated as Budějovický Budvar, národní podnik (\"Budweiser Budvar, national corporation\").", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Beer in England has been brewed for hundreds of years.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ As a beer brewing country, England is known for its top fermented cask beer (also called real ale) which finishes maturing in the cellar of the pub rather than at the brewery and is served with only natural carbonation.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ English beer styles include bitter, mild, brown ale and old ale.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Stout, porter and India Pale Ale were also originally brewed in London.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Lager style beer has increased considerably in popularity since the mid 20th century.", "Beer in England __knowledge__ Other modern developments include consolidation of large brewers into multinational corporations; growth of beer consumerism; expansion of microbreweries and increased interest in bottle conditioned beers.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The New York Gold Exchange was an exchange formed shortly after the beginning of the American Civil War for the purpose of creating an open market for transactions involving gold and the government-created paper currency, the greenback.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Established in 1862, it closed in 1897.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was established in 1862 in a basement on New Street.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ The exchange was created during the American Civil War, when the Union issued paper money to fund the war effort.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ Gold trading was initially banned at the New York Stock Exchange, which viewed the practice as unpatriotic speculation in wartime.", "New York Gold Exchange __knowledge__ This was because Confederate victories resulted in an increase in the price of gold relative to the greenback dollar, causing gold traders to sing \"Dixie\" in the Exchange when they received news of a Confederate victory.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC is a brewing company based in St. Louis, Missouri USA and headquartered in Leuven, Belgium.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Since 2008, it has been a wholly owned subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) which also has its North American regional management headquarters in St. Louis.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ The original Anheuser-Busch InBev (AB InBev) was formed through successive mergers of three international brewing groups: Interbrew from Belgium, AmBev from Brazil and Anheuser-Busch.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ Hence, since 2008, Anheuser-Busch has been a division of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV, now the world's largest brewing company.", "Anheuser-Busch __knowledge__ The company employs over 30,000 people, operates 12 breweries in the United States, and until December 2009, was one of the largest theme park operators in the United States, with ten theme parks through the company's family entertainment division, Busch Entertainment Corporation.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest beverages humans have produced, dating back to at least the 5th millennium BC in Iran, and was recorded in the written history of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia and spread throughout the world.", "History of beer __knowledge__ As almost any cereal containing certain sugars can undergo spontaneous fermentation due to wild yeasts in the air, it is possible that beer-like beverages were independently developed throughout the world soon after a tribe or culture had domesticated cereal.", "History of beer __knowledge__ Chemical tests of ancient pottery jars reveal that beer was produced as far back as about 7,000 years ago in what is today Iran.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing is the production of beer by steeping a starch source (commonly cereal grains, the most popular of which is barley) in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast.", "Brewing __knowledge__ It may be done in a brewery by a commercial brewer, at home by a homebrewer, or by a variety of traditional methods such as communally by the indigenous peoples in Brazil when making cauim.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Brewing has taken place since around the 6th millennium BC, and archaeological evidence suggests that emerging civilizations including ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia brewed beer.", "Brewing __knowledge__ Since the nineteenth century the brewing industry has been part of most western economies.", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ Ninkasi is the ancient Sumerian tutelary goddess of beer.", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ Her father was the King of Uruk, and her mother was the high priestess of the temple of Inanna, the goddess of procreation.", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ She is also one of the eight children created in order to heal one of the eight wounds that Enki receives.", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ Furthermore, she is the goddess of alcohol.", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ She was also borne of \"sparkling fresh water\".", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ She is the goddess made to \"satisfy the desire\" and \"sate the heart.\"", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ She would prepare the beverage daily.", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ The Sumerian written language and the associated clay tablets are among the earliest human writings.", "Ninkasi __knowledge__ Scholarly works from the early 1800s onward have developed some facility translating the various Sumerian documents.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.", "Beer __knowledge__ Beer is brewed from cereal grains—most commonly from malted barley, though wheat, maize (corn), and rice are also used.", "Beer __knowledge__ During the brewing process, fermentation of the starch sugars in the wort produces ethanol and carbonation in the resulting beer.", "Beer __knowledge__ Most modern beer is brewed with hops, which add bitterness and other flavours and act as a natural preservative and stabilizing agent.", "Beer __knowledge__ Other flavouring agents such as gruit, herbs, or fruits may be included or used instead of hops.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Ancient Mesopotamian religion __knowledge__ Mesopotamian religion refers to the religious beliefs and practices of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia, particularly Sumer, Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia between circa 3500 BC and 400 AD, after which they largely gave way to Syriac Christianity.", "Ancient Mesopotamian religion __knowledge__ A few traces remained among Assyrian communities in isolated pockets of what had been Assyria until the 10th century AD.", "Ancient Mesopotamian religion __knowledge__ The religious development of Mesopotamia and Mesopotamian culture in general was not particularly influenced by the movements of the various peoples into and throughout the area, particularly the south.", "Ancient Mesopotamian religion __knowledge__ Rather, Mesopotamian religion was a consistent and coherent tradition which adapted to the internal needs of its adherents over millennia of development." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 3, 3, 9 ]

[ "Yes, I can help you but first know that where you desire to work is a business that makes and sells beer", "Well, if the places makes beer in large quantity you will be able to fit in because it means they are a brewery and when they have special equipment they are referred to as a plant they might make use of an analyst", "The history of making beer in commercial quantity dates as far back as t 2500 BC", "Budweiser, buddy it would shock you to know that in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi.", "Back in the days, beer making used to be a woman's thing just as baking is a woman's thing today" ]

[ "Brewery", "Brewery", "Brewery", "Brewery", "Brewery" ]

[ "Anime\nIn my spare time, I watch anime.", "Yup, that's the one. Do you like anime?", "Howl's Moving Castle was animated really beautifully. Do you know when anime became popular? ", "That makes sense. I remember watching it a little as a kid, but now the selection is huge!", "For sure, before it was either action or romance. But now there are many sports one such as Kuroko!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime ( ), also called Japanimation, is hand-drawn or computer animation associated with Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ The word \"anime\" is the Japanese term for \"animation\", which means all forms of animated media.", "Anime __knowledge__ Outside Japan, \"anime\" refers specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.", "Anime __knowledge__ Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.", "Anime __knowledge__ Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism.", "Anime __knowledge__ The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily.", "Anime __knowledge__ The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience.", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.", "Anime __knowledge__ It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences.", "Late night anime __knowledge__ In Japan, refers to anime series broadcast on television late at night or in the early hours of the morning, usually between 23.00 and 4.00.", "Late night anime __knowledge__ Late night anime is targeted toward anime fans or a teenage to young adult audience.", "Late night anime __knowledge__ One of the purposes of the late night broadcast is to promote DVDs or associated merchandise that are planned for release in the future.", "Late night anime __knowledge__ Other than original stories, many anime are based on manga, novels, or video games.", "Late night anime __knowledge__ The genres that tend to be preferred by anime fans include romantic comedy, slice of life story, action, or sci-fi, but there are exceptions.", "Late night anime __knowledge__ Most series are broadcast for 3 months or 6 months with 12 to 13 episodes for each block of 3 months.", "Lucky Star (manga) __knowledge__ A drama CD based on the series was released in August 2005, and the series spawned four video games released between 2005 and 2009.", "Lucky Star (manga) __knowledge__ A 24-episode anime adaptation produced by Kyoto Animation aired between April 8 and September 16, 2007.", "Lucky Star (manga) __knowledge__ The anime was licensed in North America by Kadokawa Pictures and distributed by Bandai Entertainment; six DVDs have been released between May 2008 and March 2009.", "Lucky Star (manga) __knowledge__ An original video animation (OVA) episode was released on September 26, 2008 accompanied by a drama CD.", "Lucky Star (manga) __knowledge__ Bandai Entertainment released the OVA in an English-sub only version on August 4, 2009.", "Lucky Star (manga) __knowledge__ The anime is currently licensed by Funimation.", "Voice acting in Japan __knowledge__ Voice acting in Japan is acting as a narrator or as an actor in radio plays or as a character actor in anime and video games.", "Voice acting in Japan __knowledge__ It also involves performing voice-overs for non-Japanese movies and television programs.", "Voice acting in Japan __knowledge__ Because Japan's large animation industry produces 60% of the animated series in the world, voice acting in Japan has a far greater prominence than voice acting in most other countries.", "Voice acting in Japan __knowledge__ Some voice actors—especially certain voice actresses—often have devoted international fan-clubs.", "Voice acting in Japan __knowledge__ Some fans may watch a show merely to hear a particular voice actor.", "Voice acting in Japan __knowledge__ Some Japanese voice actors have capitalized on their fame to become singers and many others have become live movie or television actors.", "Anime Strike __knowledge__ Anime Strike was an Internet subscription-based video on demand service for Amazon Channels, focused on anime series and movies from various anime distributors.", "Anime Strike __knowledge__ The service launched on January 1, 2017 and was closed on January 5, 2018, after which its catalog was incorporated into the Amazon Prime subscription service.", "Anime Strike __knowledge__ On January 12, 2017, Amazon announced the launch of its first branded on-demand subscription service for Amazon Channels, \"Anime Strike\", \"offering more than 1,000 series episodes and movies ranging from classic titles to current shows broadcast on Japanese TV.\"", "Anime Strike __knowledge__ Anime Strike consisted of shows that were streaming exclusively on Amazon Video worldwide, as well as selected titles licensed by Sentai Filmworks.", "Dennō Senshi Porygon __knowledge__ The episode is infamous for certain repetitive visual effects that induced photosensitive epileptic seizures in a substantial number of Japanese viewers, an incident referred to as the by the Japanese press.", "Dennō Senshi Porygon __knowledge__ As a result of the seizures 685 viewers were taken to hospitals; 2 people remained hospitalized for more than two weeks.", "Dennō Senshi Porygon __knowledge__ Due to this, the episode has not been rebroadcast worldwide.", "Dennō Senshi Porygon __knowledge__ After the incident, the \"Pokémon\" anime went into a four-month hiatus, and it returned on TV Tokyo on April 16, 1998, thus making the episode perhaps the most controversial episode of the entire \"Pokémon\" series.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ The manga and anime series features an extensive cast of characters created by Masashi Kishimoto.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe where countries vie for power by employing ninja who can use superhuman abilities in combat.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ The storyline is divided into two parts, simply named Part I and Part II, with the latter taking place two-and-a-half years after the conclusion of Part I.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ It is followed by the sequel series \"\" by Ukyō Kodachi, which continues where the epilogue of the first series left off.", "List of Naruto characters __knowledge__ The series' storyline follows the adventures of a group of young ninja from the village of Konohagakure." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime ( ), also called Japanimation, is hand-drawn or computer animation associated with Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ The word \"anime\" is the Japanese term for \"animation\", which means all forms of animated media.", "Anime __knowledge__ Outside Japan, \"anime\" refers specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.", "Anime __knowledge__ Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.", "Anime __knowledge__ Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism.", "Anime __knowledge__ The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily.", "Anime __knowledge__ The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience.", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.", "Anime __knowledge__ It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik clothing (Yup'ik \"aturaq\" \"aturak\" \"aturat\" , \"aklu\", \"akluq\", \"un’u\" ; also, \"piluguk\" in Unaliq-Pastuliq dialect, \"aklu\", \"cangssagar\", \"un’u\" in Nunivak dialect) refers to the traditional Eskimo-style clothing worn by the Yupik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik clothing for the Chevak Cup'ik-speaking people of Chevak and Cup'ig clothing for the Nunivak Cup'ig-speaking people of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ The traditional clothing system developed and used by the Eskimo peoples is the most effective cold weather clothing developed to date.", "Yup'ik clothing __knowledge__ Yup'ik women made clothes and footwear from animal skins (especially hide and fur of marine and land mammals for fur clothing, sometimes birds, also fish), sewn together using needles made from animal bones, walrus ivory, and bird bones such as front part of a crane's foot and threads made from other animal products, such as sinew.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ The Yup'ik or Yupiaq (sg & pl) and Yupiit or Yupiat (pl), also Central Alaskan Yup'ik, Central Yup'ik, Alaskan Yup'ik (own name \"Yup'ik\" \"Yupiik\" \"Yupiit\" ), are an Eskimo people of western and southwestern Alaska ranging from southern Norton Sound southwards along the coast of the Bering Sea on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (including living on Nelson and Nunivak Islands) and along the northern coast of Bristol Bay as far east as Nushagak Bay and the northern Alaska Peninsula at Naknek River and Egegik Bay.", "Yup'ik __knowledge__ They are also known as Cup'ik by the Chevak Cup'ik dialect-speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect-speaking Eskimo of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Central Alaskan Yup'ik or just Yup'ik (also called Yupik, Central Yupik, or indigenously Yugtun) is one of the languages of the Yupik family, in turn a member of the Eskimo–Aleut language group, spoken in western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Both in ethnic population and in number of speakers, Central Alaskan Yup'ik is the largest of the languages spoken by Alaska Natives.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ As of 2010 it was also the second largest aboriginal language in the United States in terms of numbers of speakers.", "Yup'ik language __knowledge__ Yup'ik should not be confused with the related language Central Siberian Yupik spoken in Chukotka and St. Lawrence Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Yup'ik cuisine (\"Yupiit neqait\" in Yup'ik language, literally \"Yup'iks' foods\" or \"Yup'iks' fishes\") refers to the Eskimo style traditional subsistence food and cuisine of the Yup'ik people from the western and southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik cuisine for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig cuisine for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ This cuisine is traditionally based on meat from fish, birds, sea and land mammals, and normally contains high levels of protein.", "Yup'ik cuisine __knowledge__ Subsistence foods are generally considered by many to be nutritionally superior superfoods.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing (or dance) or Yuraq, also Yuraqing (Yup'ik \"yuraq\" \"yurak\" \"yurat\" ) is a traditional Eskimo style dancing form usually performed to songs in Yup'ik, with dances choreographed for specific songs which the Yup'ik people of southwestern Alaska.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Also known as Cup'ik dance for the Chevak Cup'ik dialect speaking Eskimos of Chevak and Cup'ig dance for the Nunivak Cup'ig dialect speaking Eskimos of Nunivak Island.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Yup'ik dancing is set up in a very specific and cultural format.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ Typically, the men are in the front, kneeling and the women stand in the back.", "Yup'ik dancing __knowledge__ The drummers are in the very back of the dance group.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center (YPCC), also known as \"Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center and Museum\", formerly known as the \"Yup'ik Museum, Library, and Multipurpose Cultural Center\" (or \"Facility\"), is a non-profit cultural center of the Yup'ik (and sometimes Alaskan Athabaskan of the region) culture centrally located in Bethel, Alaska near the University of Alaska Fairbanks' Kuskokwim Campus and city offices.", "Yupiit Piciryarait Cultural Center __knowledge__ The center is a unique facility that combines a museum, a library, and multi-purpose cultural activity center including performing arts space, for cultural gatherings, feasts, celebrations, meetings and classes.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Marie (Nick) Arnaq Meade (born 1947) is a Yup'ik professor in the humanities and also a Yup'ik tradition bearer.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade's Yup'ik name is Arnaq which means \"woman.\"", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ She also works and travels with the International Council of Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade is also part of the Nunamta Yup'ik Dance Group.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade has been documenting the cultural knowledge of Yup'ik elders, including the values, language and beliefs of the Yup'ik people for over twenty years.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ She is currently an instructor at the University of Alaska Anchorage.", "Marie Meade __knowledge__ Meade was born and raised in Nunapiciaq which is located between the Kuskokwim River and the Bering Sea.", "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy __knowledge__ The \"Jyllands-Posten\" Muhammad cartoons controversy (or Muhammad cartoons crisis) (Danish: \"Muhammedkrisen\") began after the Danish newspaper \"Jyllands-Posten\" published 12 editorial cartoons on 30 September 2005, most of which depicted Muhammad, a principal figure of the religion of Islam.", "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy __knowledge__ The newspaper announced that this was an attempt to contribute to the debate about criticism of Islam and self-censorship.", "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy __knowledge__ Muslim groups in Denmark complained, and the issue eventually led to protests around the world, including violent demonstrations and riots in some Muslim countries.", "Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy __knowledge__ Islam has a strong tradition of aniconism, and it is considered highly blasphemous in most Islamic traditions to visually depict Muhammad.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ The golden age of American animation was a period in the history of U.S. animation that began with the advent of sound cartoons in 1928 and continued until around 1969 when theatrical animated shorts began losing to the new medium of television animation.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ Many popular characters emerged from this period, including Mickey Mouse, Bugs Bunny, Donald Duck, Daffy Duck, Goofy, Popeye, Tom and Jerry, Porky Pig, Betty Boop, Woody Woodpecker, Droopy, and the first animated adaptation of Superman, among others.", "Golden age of American animation __knowledge__ Feature length animation also began during this period, most notably with Walt Disney's first films: \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\", \"Pinocchio\", \"Fantasia\", \"Dumbo\" and \"Bambi\".", "Goodman School of Business __knowledge__ The Goodman School of Business (colloquially referred to as Goodman) is the business school of Brock University in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.", "Goodman School of Business __knowledge__ The business school offers programs at both the undergraduate and graduate level of study.", "Goodman School of Business __knowledge__ The Goodman School of Business is among the top five per cent of business schools worldwide to attain accreditation by the AACSB as well as membership in Beta Gamma Sigma.", "Goodman School of Business __knowledge__ On October 12, 2012 Brock announced that its Faculty of Business was being renamed as the Goodman School of Business.", "Goodman School of Business __knowledge__ The School is named after the family of Ned Goodman, the businessman and investment expert, who provided the University with a transformational gift to the school.", "Steve Clarke (drummer) __knowledge__ Steve Clarke was born in London, England on 20 November 1959.", "Steve Clarke (drummer) __knowledge__ He started playing drums aged four under tuition from his uncle, Jeff Whetstone and father Eric Clarke.", "Steve Clarke (drummer) __knowledge__ Subsequently, Steve joined the Boys' Brigade where he developed his rudimentary and marching techniques.", "Steve Clarke (drummer) __knowledge__ Aged 21, Steve worked as a tech for drummer Billy Cobham, he then made his first album in 1981 with guitarist Steve Topping under the name Volume 33, which was recorded live at the Hamborough Tavern in Southall.", "Steve Clarke (drummer) __knowledge__ From 1979-1980 Clarke had a brief stint in the progressive rock band Quasar with the unknown John Clark, who left to join Bruford at the request of Allan Holdsworth to record the album 'Gradually Going Tornado'.", "Atomgods __knowledge__ Atomgods were a UK heavy rock band from late 1980s.", "Atomgods __knowledge__ The band were formed by former Inner City Unit guitarist Judge Trev Thoms, the first recording lineup consisting of Hiro Sasaki and Kofi Baker (Ginger's son).", "Atomgods __knowledge__ They were signed to GWR Records producing the 1988 album \"WOW!\".", "Atomgods __knowledge__ For the second album, which saw the band shorten their name to Atomgod and took on a thrash metal direction, Thoms was joined by bassist Algy Ward (The Damned and Tank), guitarist Bill Liesegang (Nina Hagen Band), and drummer Steve Clarke of Fastway Judge Trev Thoms went on to form MOAB with Hawkwind's ex Bassist/Frontman, Ron Tree and produced the album \"Insect Brain\" on Real Festival Music.", "History of leprosy __knowledge__ The history of leprosy was traced by geneticists in 2005 through its origins and worldwide distribution using comparative genomics.", "History of leprosy __knowledge__ They determined that leprosy originated in East Africa or the Near East and traveled with humans along their migration routes, including those of trade in goods and slaves.", "History of leprosy __knowledge__ The four strains of \"M. leprae\" are based in specific geographic regions.", "History of leprosy __knowledge__ Strain 1 occurs predominantly in East Africa, Asia, and the Pacific region; strain 2 in Ethiopia, Malawai, Nepal/north India, and New Caledonia; strain 3 in Europe, North Africa, and the Americas; and strain 4 in West Africa and the Caribbean.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ Tom and Jerry is an American animated series of short films created in 1940, by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ It centers on a rivalry between its two title characters, Tom and Jerry, and many recurring characters, based around slapstick comedy.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ In its original run, Hanna and Barbera produced 115 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer from 1940 to 1958.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ During this time, they won seven Academy Awards for Animated Short Film, tying for first place with Walt Disney's \"Silly Symphonies\" with the most awards in the category.", "Tom and Jerry __knowledge__ After the MGM cartoon studio closed in 1957, MGM revived the series with Gene Deitch directing an additional 13 \"Tom and Jerry\" shorts for Rembrandt Films from 1961 to 1962." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime ( ), also called Japanimation, is hand-drawn or computer animation associated with Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ The word \"anime\" is the Japanese term for \"animation\", which means all forms of animated media.", "Anime __knowledge__ Outside Japan, \"anime\" refers specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.", "Anime __knowledge__ Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.", "Anime __knowledge__ Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism.", "Anime __knowledge__ The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily.", "Anime __knowledge__ The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience.", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.", "Anime __knowledge__ It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences.", "Howl's Moving Castle (film) __knowledge__ The story is set in a fictional kingdom where both magic and early 20th century technology are prevalent, against the backdrop of a war with another kingdom.", "Howl's Moving Castle (film) __knowledge__ The film tells the story of a young hatter named Sophie after she is turned into an old woman by a witch's curse.", "Howl's Moving Castle (film) __knowledge__ She encounters a wizard named Howl, and gets caught up in his resistance to fighting for the king.", "Howl's Moving Castle (film) __knowledge__ Influenced by Miyazaki's opposition to the United States' invasion of Iraq in 2003, the film contains strongly anti-war themes.", "Howl's Moving Castle (film) __knowledge__ Miyazaki stated that he \"had a great deal of rage about [the Iraq war],\" which led him to make a film which he felt would be poorly received in the US.", "Howl's Moving Castle __knowledge__ Howl's Moving Castle is a fantasy novel by British author Diana Wynne Jones, first published in 1986 by Greenwillow Books of New York.", "Howl's Moving Castle __knowledge__ It was a runner-up for the annual Boston Globe–Horn Book Award and it won the Phoenix Award twenty years later, recognising its rise from relative obscurity.", "Howl's Moving Castle __knowledge__ In 2004 it was adapted as an animated film of the same name, which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature.", "Howl's Moving Castle __knowledge__ Howl's Moving Castle is the first novel in the series of books called the Howl Series.", "Howl's Moving Castle __knowledge__ This series also includes \"Castle in the Air\", published in 1990, and \"House of Many Ways\", published in 2008.", "Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ Born in Bunkyō Ward of Tokyo, Miyazaki expressed interest in manga and animation from an early age, and he joined Toei Animation in 1963.", "Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ During his early years at Toei Animation he worked as an in-between artist and later collaborated with director Isao Takahata.", "Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ Notable films to which Miyazaki contributed at Toei include \"Doggie March\" and \"Gulliver's Travels Beyond the Moon\".", "Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ He provided key animation to other films at Toei, such as \"Puss in Boots\" and \"Animal Treasure Island\", before moving to A-Pro in 1971, where he co-directed \"Lupin the Third Part I\" alongside Takahata.", "Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ After moving to Zuiyō Eizō (later known as Nippon Animation) in 1973, Miyazaki worked as an animator on \"World Masterpiece Theater\", and directed the television series \"Future Boy Conan\".", "History of anime __knowledge__ The history of anime can be traced back to the start of the 20th century, with the earliest verifiable films dating from 1917.", "History of anime __knowledge__ The first generation of animators in the late 1910s included Ōten Shimokawa, Jun'ichi Kōuchi and Seitaro Kitayama, commonly referred to as the \"fathers\" of anime.", "History of anime __knowledge__ Propaganda films, such as \"Momotarō no Umiwashi\" (1943) and \"\" (1945), the latter being the first anime feature film, were made during World War II.", "History of anime __knowledge__ During the 1970s, anime developed further, with the inspiration of Disney animators, separating itself from its Western roots, and developing distinct genres such as mecha and its super robot subgenre.", "Davy and Kristin McGuire __knowledge__ Davy and Kristin McGuire are a multidisciplinary artist duo who blend animation, projection mapping, theatre, film, dance and papercraft.", "Davy and Kristin McGuire __knowledge__ Their work has included \"The Icebook\" and a stage adaptation of the fantasy novel \"Howl's Moving Castle\".", "Davy and Kristin McGuire __knowledge__ As well as creating bespoke projects for cultural institutions and brands, they produce and sell their own works through international galleries.", "Davy and Kristin McGuire __knowledge__ They were winners of the 2013 Oxford Samuel Beckett Theatre Trust Award.", "Davy and Kristin McGuire __knowledge__ During a 4-month residency at the Künstlerdorf Schöppingen Davy and Kristin created the \"Icebook\", the world's first projection mapped pop up book in which a story is back projected onto the pages of the book.", "List of accolades received by Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ In the course of his career, Miyazaki has received multiple awards and nominations.", "List of accolades received by Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ His first feature films, \"The Castle of Cagliostro\" and \"Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind\", earned him the Ōfuji Noburō Award at the Mainichi Film Awards in 1979 and 1984, respectively.", "List of accolades received by Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ His film \"Laputa: Castle in the Sky\" won Best Anime at the Anime Grand Prix in 1986, and \"My Neighbor Totoro\" won Best Photography at the Japan Academy Prize in 1989.", "List of accolades received by Hayao Miyazaki __knowledge__ He received several awards for his work on \"Kiki's Delivery Service\" in 1990, including Best Japanese Film at the Golden Gross Awards and the Special Award at the Japan Academy Prize.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ Frozen is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ The 53rd Disney animated feature film, the film is inspired by Hans Christian Andersen's fairy tale \"The Snow Queen\".", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of a fearless princess who sets off on a journey alongside a rugged iceman, his loyal reindeer, and a naïve snowman to find her estranged sister, whose icy powers have inadvertently trapped their kingdom in eternal winter.", "Frozen (2013 film) __knowledge__ \"Frozen\" underwent several story treatments for years before being commissioned in 2011, with a screenplay written by Jennifer Lee, who also co-directed with Chris Buck.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Walt Disney Animation Studios (WDAS), also referred to as Disney Animation, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California, is an American animation studio that creates animated feature films, short films, and television specials for The Walt Disney Company.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ Founded on October 16, 1923, it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio has produced 56 feature films, from \"Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs\" (1937) to \"Moana\" (2016).", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ It was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929.", "Walt Disney Animation Studios __knowledge__ The studio was exclusively dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934.", "History of computer animation __knowledge__ The history of computer animation began as early as the 1940s and 1950s, when experiments in computer graphics were beginning, most notably by John Whitney—but it was only by the early 1960s when digital computers had become widely established, that new avenues for innovative computer graphics blossomed.", "History of computer animation __knowledge__ Initially, uses were mainly for scientific, engineering and other research purposes, but artistic experimentation began to make its appearance by the mid-1960s.", "History of computer animation __knowledge__ By the mid-1970s, many such efforts were beginning to enter into public media.", "History of computer animation __knowledge__ Much computer graphics at this time involved 2-dimensional imagery, though increasingly, as computer power improved, efforts to achieve 3-dimensional realism became the emphasis." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime ( ), also called Japanimation, is hand-drawn or computer animation associated with Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ The word \"anime\" is the Japanese term for \"animation\", which means all forms of animated media.", "Anime __knowledge__ Outside Japan, \"anime\" refers specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.", "Anime __knowledge__ Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.", "Anime __knowledge__ Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism.", "Anime __knowledge__ The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily.", "Anime __knowledge__ The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience.", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.", "Anime __knowledge__ It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Go Your Own Way __knowledge__ \"Go Your Own Way\" is a song by the British-American rock band Fleetwood Mac, released as a single in December 1976.", "Go Your Own Way __knowledge__ Written and sung by Lindsey Buckingham, it was the first single from the group's 1977 album \"Rumours\".", "Go Your Own Way __knowledge__ The song was written on a vacation in Florida in a house the band rented.", "Go Your Own Way __knowledge__ By this point, the members of Fleetwood Mac were not getting along very well.", "Go Your Own Way __knowledge__ Mick Fleetwood, the band's drummer, remembers the tense atmosphere during this time: It was hardly a vacation.", "Go Your Own Way __knowledge__ Aside from the obvious unstated tension, I remember the house having a distinctly bad vibe to it, as if it were haunted, which did nothing to help matters…and that's where Lindsey played some of his stuff for the album.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Daewon David Song (born February 17, 1975) is a Korean-born American professional skateboarder, recognized for his skillful technical street skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ He is a co-owner of Almost Skateboards, along with Rodney Mullen, and also skates for the company alongside other sponsored team riders.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song was named the 2006 \"Skater of the Year\" by \"Thrasher\" magazine, an award that is widely considered to be one of the most significant honors in skateboarding.", "Daewon Song __knowledge__ Song, a Korean American, was born in Seoul, South Korea, and grew up in Gardena, California, following a year spent with his grandmother in Hawaii, US.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ This is a list of playable characters from the \"Mortal Kombat\" fighting game series and the games in which they appear.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional universe composed of six realms, which were created by the Elder Gods.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Elder Gods created a fighting tournament called Mortal Kombat to reduce the wars between the realms.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The first \"Mortal Kombat\" game introduces a tournament in which Earthrealm can be destroyed if it loses once again.", "List of Mortal Kombat characters __knowledge__ The Earthrealm warriors manage to defeat the champion Goro and tournament host Shang Tsung, but this leads Tsung to search for other ways to destroy Earthrealm.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The technological and industrial history of Canada encompasses the country's development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services (health care), domestic/consumer and defence technologies.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ The terms chosen for the \"age\" described below are both literal and metaphorical.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ They describe the technology that dominated the period of time in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.", "Technological and industrial history of 20th-century Canada __knowledge__ Also of note is the fact that the period of diffusion of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the \"age\" of its introduction.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ Western civilization traces its roots back to Western Europe and the Western Mediterranean.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ It is linked to the Roman Empire and with Medieval Western Christendom which emerged from the Middle Ages to experience such transformative episodes as the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, scientific revolution, and the development of liberal democracy.", "History of Western civilization __knowledge__ The civilizations of Classical Greece, Ancient Rome and Ancient Israel are considered seminal periods in Western history; a few cultural contributions also emerged from the pagan peoples of pre-Christian Europe, such as the Celts and Germans.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch).", "Music of Japan __knowledge__ The music of Japan includes a wide array of performers in distinct styles both traditional and modern.", "Music of Japan __knowledge__ The word for \"music\" in Japanese is 音楽 (\"ongaku\"), combining the kanji 音 \"on\" (\"sound\") with the kanji 楽 \"gaku\" (\"enjoy\").", "Music of Japan __knowledge__ Japan is the largest physical music market in the world, with US$2 billion in 2014 and the second largest overall music market, with a total retail value of 2.6 billion dollars in 2014dominated by Japanese artists, with 37 of the top 50 best selling albums and 49 of the top 50 best selling singles in 2014.", "Music of Japan __knowledge__ Local music often appears at karaoke venues, which is on lease from the record labels." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime ( ), also called Japanimation, is hand-drawn or computer animation associated with Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ The word \"anime\" is the Japanese term for \"animation\", which means all forms of animated media.", "Anime __knowledge__ Outside Japan, \"anime\" refers specifically to animation from Japan or as a Japanese-disseminated animation style often characterized by colorful graphics, vibrant characters and fantastical themes.", "Anime __knowledge__ Arguably, the culturally abstract approach to the word's meaning may open up the possibility of anime produced in countries other than Japan.", "Anime __knowledge__ For simplicity, many Westerners strictly view anime as a Japanese animation product.", "Anime __knowledge__ Some scholars suggest defining anime as specifically or quintessentially Japanese may be related to a new form of orientalism.", "Anime __knowledge__ The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and Japanese anime production has since continued to increase steadily.", "Anime __knowledge__ The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience.", "Anime __knowledge__ Anime is distributed theatrically, by way of television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet.", "Anime __knowledge__ It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences.", "Kuroko's Basketball __knowledge__ Kuroko's Basketball, known in Japan as , is a Japanese sports manga series written and illustrated by Tadatoshi Fujimaki.", "Kuroko's Basketball __knowledge__ The English rendering \"The Basketball Which Kuroko Plays\" also appears in the artwork of the Japanese version.", "Kuroko's Basketball __knowledge__ It was serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\" from December 2008 to September 2014, with the individual chapters collected into 30 \"tankōbon\" volumes by Shueisha.", "Kuroko's Basketball __knowledge__ It tells the story of a high school basketball team trying to make it to the national tournament.", "Kuroko's Basketball __knowledge__ By April 2014, \"Kuroko's Basketball\" had 27 million copies in circulation.", "Kuroko's Basketball __knowledge__ It was adapted into an anime television series by Production I.G that began airing in 2012, with a second season that began airing in October 2013 and a third season that began airing in January 2015.", "List of Kuroko's Basketball episodes __knowledge__ \"Kuroko's Basketball\" is an anime series adapted from the manga series of the same name by Tadatoshi Fujimaki.", "List of Kuroko's Basketball episodes __knowledge__ It is produced by Production I.G and directed by Shunsuke Tada, it began broadcasting on Mainichi Broadcasting System on April 7, 2012 with Tokyo Metropolitan Television, Nippon BS Broadcasting, and Animax beginning broadcast in the weeks following.", "List of Kuroko's Basketball episodes __knowledge__ The final episode of season 1 aired on September 22, 2012 and it was announced in the seasonally published Jump NEXT!", "List of Kuroko's Basketball episodes __knowledge__ winter issue that a second season has been green-lit, and aired on October 5, 2013.", "List of Kuroko's Basketball episodes __knowledge__ The series was also simulcast on Crunchyroll as part of their spring lineup of anime titles.", "Covenantal nomism __knowledge__ Covenantal nomism, in opposition to merit theology, is the belief that 1st century Jews in the land of Israel did not believe in works righteousness.", "Covenantal nomism __knowledge__ Essentially, it is the belief that one is brought into the Abrahamic covenant through birth and stays in the covenant through works.", "Covenantal nomism __knowledge__ E. P. Sanders and other proponents of Covenantal nomism do not ask the question of whether this is simply another type of works righteousness, since works are necessary to maintain standing in the covenant.", "Covenantal nomism __knowledge__ It suggests that the Jewish view of relationship with God is that keeping the law is based only on a prior understanding of relationship with God.", "Victory Sports One __knowledge__ Victory Sports One was a cable and satellite television regional sports network owned by the Minnesota Twins baseball team.", "Victory Sports One __knowledge__ It was first conceived in 2001 and launched on October 31, 2003.", "Victory Sports One __knowledge__ Victory Sports was the exclusive cable TV home of Twins games for the first month of the 2004 season; in addition, it was planned to have coverage of various Minnesota college and high school games along with outdoors programming, including former Twin Kent Hrbek's popular program.", "Victory Sports One __knowledge__ The channel also simulcast ESPNEWS.", "Victory Sports One __knowledge__ The Twins opted to take their local broadcast rights in-house after the 2003 season, ending a 15-year partnership with MSC/FSN North.", "Kuroko __knowledge__ In kabuki, the \"kuroko\" serve many of the same purposes as running crew.", "Kuroko __knowledge__ They move scenery and props on stage, aiding in scene changes and costume changes.", "Kuroko __knowledge__ They will also often play the role of animals, will-o-the-wisps, or other roles which are played not by an actor in full costume, but by holding a prop.", "Kuroko __knowledge__ \"Kuroko\" wear all black, head to toe, in order to imply that they are invisible and not part of the action onstage.", "Kuroko __knowledge__ The convention of wearing black to imply that the wearer is invisible on stage is a central element in \"bunraku\" puppet theatre as well.", "Kuroko __knowledge__ \"Kuroko\" will wear white or blue in order to blend in with the background in a scene set, for example, in a snowstorm, or at sea, in which case they are referred to as or respectively.", "Fox Sports North __knowledge__ Fox Sports North is an American regional sports network owned by Fox Cable Networks, a unit of the Fox Entertainment Group division of 21st Century Fox, and operates as a Fox Sports Networks affiliate.", "Fox Sports North __knowledge__ The channel broadcasts coverage of sporting events involving teams located in the Upper Midwest region, with a focus on professional and collegiate sports teams based in Minnesota.", "Fox Sports North __knowledge__ The network maintains production studios and offices located in downtown Minneapolis, which are shared with production and office operations of Fox Sports Wisconsin, which formerly served as a subfeed of Fox Sports North until it was spun off into a separate channel in 2006.", "Latino athletes in American sports __knowledge__ One of the up-and-coming fields of study across the nation is Latino studies; however, this study of the Latino and Latina culture is lacking an approach to the ways in which sports have interacted with the Latino/a community in the United States.", "Latino athletes in American sports __knowledge__ For the sake of this article, a Latino/a is anyone who can trace ancestry back to any country in Central or South America, as well as Caribbean Islands; however, the majority of this article will be focusing on athletes who hail from Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic.", "Latino athletes in American sports __knowledge__ Latinos have had a large impact on American sports in a variety of ways and in varying sports.", "Surface Detail __knowledge__ Surface Detail by Iain M. Banks is a science fiction novel in his Culture series, first published in the UK on 7 October 2010 and the US on 28 October 2010.", "Surface Detail __knowledge__ The events of Surface Detail take place around 2970 AD, according to Banks.", "Surface Detail __knowledge__ The events occur six to eight hundred years after the \"Chel Debacle\", depicted in the earlier novel \"Look to Windward\" which is set seventy-eight years after the events in \"Use of Weapons\".", "Surface Detail __knowledge__ Each chapter of the book covers one or more of the six main protagonists—Lededje Y'breq, a chattel slave; Joiler Veppers, an industrialist and playboy; Gyorni Vatueil, a soldier; Prin and Chay, Pavulean academics; and Yime Nsokyi, a Quietus agent.", "1983 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The 1983 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season began with high expectations, as the team was considered by some to be the Buccaneers' best squad yet and predicted to be Super Bowl contenders.", "1983 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ Disappointment quickly set in as personnel changes and a rash of injuries contributed to a league-worst 2–14 record.", "1983 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The team was unable to agree on a contract with quarterback Doug Williams, resulting in his departure for the USFL.", "1983 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ The loss of Williams was believed to be a major distraction to the team.", "1983 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season __knowledge__ Jack Thompson was acquired from the Cincinnati Bengals as what was termed \"an insurance move\" during Williams' negotiations, for a draft choice that would turn out to be the top pick in the 1984 NFL Draft.", "Music composition and composers in Pristina __knowledge__ Music composition and composers in Pristina refers to music composition and composers who have left their mark in Pristina.", "Music composition and composers in Pristina __knowledge__ The importance of Kosovan Folklore on the different genres, their development and their popularity.", "Music composition and composers in Pristina __knowledge__ As referring to genres as a categorization would not cover all compositions and composers in a fair way, a highlight of every composers work and different genres is provided because of the different genres a composers work has included throughout the years.", "Music composition and composers in Pristina __knowledge__ Kosovan Music is considered to be very rich in genres and their development.", "Music composition and composers in Pristina __knowledge__ But before talking about genre development, a key point that has to be mentioned is without doubt the rich Folklore of Kosovo most of which unfortunately has not been digitalized and/or saved in archives.", "Hierarchy of genres __knowledge__ A hierarchy of genres is any formalization which ranks different genres in an art form in terms of their prestige and cultural value.", "Hierarchy of genres __knowledge__ In literature, the epic was considered the highest form, for the reason expressed by Samuel Johnson in his \"Life of John Milton\": \"By the general consent of criticks, the first praise of genius is due to the writer of an epick poem, as it requires an assemblage of all the powers which are singly sufficient for other compositions.\"", "Hierarchy of genres __knowledge__ Below that came lyric poetry, and comic poetry, with a similar ranking for drama.", "Hierarchy of genres __knowledge__ The novel took a long time to establish a firm place in the hierarchy, doing so only as belief in any systematic hierarchy of forms expired in the 19th century.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ On Your Radar is the third studio album by British-Irish girl group The Saturdays.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album was released 21 November 2011 under Fascination Records.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album was recorded in Los Angeles and London.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ Steve Mac, who has been instrumental in the production of the band's previous albums, serves as a major collaborator.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ Additional producers and songwriters include Lucas Secon, Taio Cruz, Labrinth, Tracklacers, Space Cowboy, Brian Higgins and Lucie Silvas.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The album's lead single \"Notorious\" was released on 22 May 2011.", "On Your Radar __knowledge__ The song was compared to The Black Eyed Peas, Kelis and Rihanna, and received generally mixed reviews.", "Genre __knowledge__ Genre (; ) is any form or type of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.)", "Genre __knowledge__ with socially-agreed upon conventions developed over time.", "Genre __knowledge__ Genre is most popularly known as a category of literature, music, or other forms of art or entertainment, whether written or spoken, audio or visual, based on some set of stylistic criteria, yet genres can be aesthetic, rhetorical, communicative, or functional.", "Genre __knowledge__ Genres form by conventions that change over time as new genres are invented and the use of old ones is discontinued.", "Genre __knowledge__ Often, works fit into multiple genres by way of borrowing and recombining these conventions.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ A video game genre is a specific category of games related by similar gameplay characteristics.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres are not usually defined by the actual content of the game or its medium of play, but by its common challenge.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Genres may encompass a wide variety of games, leading to even more specific classifications called \"subgenres\".", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ For example, an action game can be classified into many subgenres such as platform games and fighting games.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ Some games, most notably browser and mobile games, are commonly classified into multiple genres.", "List of video game genres __knowledge__ The following is a list of all commonly defined video game genres, with short descriptions for individual genres and major subgenres." ] ]

[ 3, 1, 0, 0, 16 ]

[ "You mean the Japenese cartoons that are quite colorful?", "Some of it. I really like the style's where they mix hand-drawn and computer animated visuals like Howls Moving Castle.", "I think it became popular in the 1960's in Japan and spread internationally through the rest of the 20th century..", "Yes, there are now lots of different genres for whatever you'd like to watch1", "That's the one about basketball that started airing in 2012?" ]

[ "Anime", "Anime", "Anime", "Anime", "Anime" ]

[ "Sushi\nI'm a vegetarian, but I love to eat sushi with fish. Do you like it? ", "My favorite is definitely with white rice. I need to go out for some soon too. It's been too long!", "Yes! It's the sticky rice. They use a special rice vinegar when they make it. It's very good.", "It's a delicious grass seed for sure! When you have sushi, do you eat the raw fish?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism may be adopted for various reasons.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Many people object to eating meat out of respect for sentient life.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Such ethical motivations have been codified under various religious beliefs, as well as animal rights advocacy.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ Other motivations for vegetarianism are health-related, political, environmental, cultural, aesthetic, economic, or personal preference.", "Vegetarianism __knowledge__ There are variations of the diet as well: an ovo-lacto vegetarian diet includes both eggs and dairy products, an ovo-vegetarian diet includes eggs but not dairy products, and a lacto-vegetarian diet includes dairy products but not eggs.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The history of sushi began with paddy fields in Southeast Asia, where fish was fermented with salt and rice, after which the rice was discarded.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The dish is today known as \"narezushi\", and was introduced to Japan around the Yayoi period.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In the Muromachi period, people began to eat the rice as well as the fish.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ During the Edo period, vinegar rather than fermented rice began to be used.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In pre-modern times and modern times, it has become a form of fast food strongly associated with Japanese culture.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The earliest form of sushi, a dish today known as narezushi, has its probable origin with paddy fields along the Mekong river in Southeast Asia.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ This article deals with vegetarianism and veganism by country, comparing the prevalence of vegetarianism and veganism in each country when sources are available by the number of vegetarians and vegans, and listing food standards, laws and general cultural attitudes.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ Some countries have strong cultural or religious traditions that promote vegetarianism, such as in India, while in other countries secular ethical concerns dominate, including animal rights and environmental protection, along with health concerns.", "Vegetarianism by country __knowledge__ In many countries, food labeling laws make it easier for vegetarians to identify foods compatible with their diets.", "Megan Wants a Millionaire __knowledge__ Megan Wants a Millionaire is an American reality television show on VH1 in which former \"Rock of Love\" contestant Megan Hauserman has seventeen wealthy single men compete for her love.", "Megan Wants a Millionaire __knowledge__ The show originated from a comment made by Hauserman during an episode of \"\", in which she stated that she ideally would like to become a \"trophy wife\".", "Megan Wants a Millionaire __knowledge__ During the casting process for the series, VH1 asked for single men with a net worth of over $1,000,000.", "Megan Wants a Millionaire __knowledge__ In February 2009, Hauserman stated in an interview that taping of \"Megan Wants a Millionaire\" had begun.", "Megan Wants a Millionaire __knowledge__ Hauserman also stated that she was looking for \"a mature guy that can handle me and doesn't cry\" and stated \"He doesn't have to be rich; he has to be stable.\"", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism has its roots in the civilizations of ancient India and ancient Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ Vegetarianism is the theory and practice of voluntary non-consumption of the flesh of any animal (including sea animals), with or without also eschewing other animal derivatives (such as dairy products or eggs).", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ The earliest records of vegetarianism as a concept and practice amongst a significant number of people concern ancient India and the ancient Greek civilizations in southern Italy and Greece.", "History of vegetarianism __knowledge__ In both instances the diet was closely connected with the idea of nonviolence toward animals (called \"ahimsa\" in India), and was promoted by religious groups and philosophers." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Rice __knowledge__ Rice is the seed of the grass species \"Oryza sativa\" (Asian rice) or \"Oryza glaberrima\" (African rice).", "Rice __knowledge__ As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia.", "Rice __knowledge__ It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5 million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9 billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).", "Rice __knowledge__ Since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Brown rice is whole grain rice, with the inedible outer hull removed; white rice is the same grain with the hull, bran layer and cereal germ removed.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Red rice, gold rice, and black rice (sometimes known as purple rice) are all whole rices, but with a differently-pigmented outer layer.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Any type of rice may be eaten whole.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Whole rice has a mild, nutty flavor, and is chewier.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ Rice plants accumulate arsenic, and there have been concerns over excessive arsenic levels in rice.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ There is more arsenic in the bran, so brown rice contains more arsenic.", "Brown rice __knowledge__ The European Union has introduced regulations on arsenic in rice, but the United States has not.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in the Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, vegetables, and meats.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (반찬; \"banchan\") that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Kimchi is served at nearly every meal.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Commonly used ingredients include sesame oil, \"doenjang\" (fermented bean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, pepper flakes, \"gochujang\" (fermented red chili paste) and napa cabbage.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ A rice cooker or rice steamer is an automated kitchen appliance designed to boil or steam rice.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ It consists of a heat source, a cooking bowl, and a thermostat.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ The thermostat measures the temperature of the cooking bowl and controls the heat.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ Complex rice cookers may have many more sensors and other components, and may be multipurpose.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ The term rice cooker formerly applied to non-automated dedicated rice-cooking utensils, which have an ancient history (a ceramic rice steamer dated to 1250 BC is on display in the British Museum).", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ It now applies mostly to automated cookers.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ Electric rice cookers were developed in Japan, where they are known as pressure cookers .", "Bap (food) __knowledge__ Bap () in Korean cuisine, fàn () in Chinese cuisine, and meshi () or gohan () in Japanese cuisine, often translated as \"rice\" or \"cooked rice\", is a dish prepared by boiling rice and/or other grains, such as black rice, barley, sorghum, various millets, and beans, until the water has cooked away.", "Bap (food) __knowledge__ Special ingredients such as vegetables, seafood, and meat can also be added to create different kinds of \"bap\".", "Bap (food) __knowledge__ The words \"bap\", \"fàn\", \"meshi\", and \"han\" can also be used to refer to a meal.", "Bap (food) __knowledge__ In Korean, the honorific forms of \"bap\" (meal) include jinji () for an elderly, sura () for the monarch, and me () for the deceased (in the ancestral rites).", "Rice production in the United States __knowledge__ Rice production is important to the economy of the United States.", "Rice production in the United States __knowledge__ Of the country's row crop farms, rice farms are the most capital-intensive, and have the highest national land rental rate average.", "Rice production in the United States __knowledge__ In the US, all rice acreage requires irrigation.", "Rice production in the United States __knowledge__ In 2000-09 approximately 3.1 million acres in the US were under rice production, while an increase is expected in the next decade to approximately 3.3 million acres.", "Rice production in the United States __knowledge__ US Rice represents rice producers in the six largest rice-producing states of Arkansas (The nations's number one rice producer.", "Rice production in the United States __knowledge__ ), California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas.", "Rice production in the United States __knowledge__ African rice (a separate species from Asian rice, originally domesticated in the inland delta of the Upper Niger River) was introduced to the United States in the 17th century.", "White Rice (American Dad!) __knowledge__ \"White Rice\" is the fifth episode of the seventh season of \"American Dad!\"", "White Rice (American Dad!) __knowledge__ It first aired in the United States on Fox on November 21, 2010.", "White Rice (American Dad!) __knowledge__ This episode mostly centers around Francine, who has consistently been involved in various arguments with Stan about her bringing her parents into their home.", "White Rice (American Dad!) __knowledge__ Stan convinces Francine to go see a therapist to help smoothen their relationship, which turns out to be a hypnotist.", "White Rice (American Dad!) __knowledge__ The hypnotist, named Sal, eventually tells her to let go of the repressed memories she had from Stan.", "White Rice (American Dad!) __knowledge__ Later that day, Francine discovers a secret stash, which contain videos of her doing stand-up comedy when she was younger.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ Japanese rice refers to a number of short-grain cultivars of Japonica rice including ordinary rice (\"uruchimai\") and glutinous rice (\"mochigome\").", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ Ordinary Japanese rice, or \"uruchimai\" () is the staple of the Japanese diet and consists of short translucent grains.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ When cooked it has a sticky texture such that it can easily be picked up and eaten with chopsticks.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ Outside Japan it is sometimes labeled sushi rice, as this is one of its common uses.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ It is also used to produce sake.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ Glutinous rice, known in Japan as \"mochigome\" (), is used for making mochi () and special dishes such as sekihan.", "Japanese rice __knowledge__ It is a short-grain rice, and can be distinguished from \"uruchimai\" by its particularly short, round and opaque grains, its greater stickiness when cooked, and firmer and chewier texture.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Brown rice syrup __knowledge__ Brown rice (malt) syrup, also known as rice syrup or rice malt, is a sweetener which is rich in compounds categorized as sugars and is derived by culturing cooked rice starch with saccharifying enzymes to break down the starches, followed by straining off the liquid and reducing it by evaporative heating until the desired consistency is reached.", "Brown rice syrup __knowledge__ The enzymes used in the saccharification step are supplied by an addition of sprouted barley grains to the rice starch (the traditional method) or by adding bacterial- or fungal-derived purified enzyme isolates (the modern, industrialized method).", "Brown rice syrup __knowledge__ In traditional practices, brown rice syrup is created by adding a small amount of sprouted barley grains (barley malt) to cooked, whole brown rice in a solution of heated water, similar to the production of beer wort.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "Rice vinegar __knowledge__ Rice vinegar is a vinegar made from fermented rice in China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam.", "Rice vinegar __knowledge__ Chinese rice vinegars are stronger than Japanese ones, and range in colour from clear to various shades of red, brown and black and are therefore known as rice wine vinegar.", "Rice vinegar __knowledge__ Chinese and especially Japanese vinegars are less acidic than the distilled Western vinegars which, for that reason, are not appropriate substitutes for rice vinegars.", "Rice vinegar __knowledge__ The majority of the Asian rice vinegar types are also more mild and sweet than vinegars typically used in the Western world, with black vinegars as a notable exception.", "Rice vinegar __knowledge__ Chinese rice vinegars are made from huangjiu, a type of rice wine.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cuisine (, , ) is the national cuisine of Thailand.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Balance, detail, and variety are of paramount significance to Thai chefs.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai cooking places emphasis on lightly prepared dishes with strong aromatic components and a spicy edge.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Thai chef McDang characterises Thai food as demonstrating \"intricacy; attention to detail; texture; color; taste; and the use of ingredients with medicinal benefits, as well as good flavor\", as well as care being given to the food's appearance, smell and context.", "Thai cuisine __knowledge__ Australian chef David Thompson, an expert on Thai food, observes that unlike many other cuisines, Thai cooking rejects simplicity and is about \"the juggling of disparate elements to create a harmonious finish\".", "Vinegar __knowledge__ Vinegar is a liquid consisting of about 5–20% acetic acid (CHCOOH), water, and other trace chemicals, which may include flavorings.", "Vinegar __knowledge__ The acetic acid is produced by the fermentation of ethanol by acetic acid bacteria.", "Vinegar __knowledge__ Vinegar is now mainly used as a cooking ingredient, or in pickling.", "Vinegar __knowledge__ As the most easily manufactured mild acid, it has historically had a great variety of industrial, medical, and domestic uses, some of which (such as its use as a general household cleaner) are still commonly practiced today.", "Vinegar __knowledge__ Commercial vinegar is produced either by a fast or a slow fermentation process.", "Vinegar __knowledge__ In general, slow methods are used in traditional vinegars where fermentation proceeds slowly over the course of a few months or up to a year.", "Glutinous rice __knowledge__ Glutinous rice (\"Oryza sativa var.", "Glutinous rice __knowledge__ glutinosa\"; also called sticky rice, sweet rice or waxy rice) is a type of rice grown mainly in Southeast and East Asia and the eastern parts of South Asia, which has opaque grains, very low amylose content, and is especially sticky when cooked.", "Glutinous rice __knowledge__ While it is widely consumed across Asia, it is only a staple food in northeastern Thailand and Laos.", "Glutinous rice __knowledge__ It is called glutinous (Latin: \"glūtinōsus\") in the sense of being glue-like or sticky, and not in the sense of containing gluten (which it does not).", "Glutinous rice __knowledge__ While often called \"sticky rice\", it differs from non-glutinous strains of japonica rice which also become sticky to some degree when cooked.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ This is a list of Japanese condiments by type.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ Mirin is an essential condiment used in Japanese cuisine.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ It is a kind of rice wine similar to sake, but with a lower alcohol content—14% instead of 20%.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ There are three general types.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The first is \"hon mirin\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ true mirin), which contains alcohol.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The second is \"shio mirin\", which contains alcohol as well as 1.5% salt to avoid alcohol tax.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ The third is \"shin mirin\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ new mirin), or \"mirin-fu chomiryo\" (lit.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ mirin-like seasoning), which contains less than 1% alcohol yet retains the same flavour.", "List of Japanese condiments __knowledge__ Rice vinegar is a very mild and mellow vinegar and ranges in colour from colourless to pale yellow.", "Rice __knowledge__ Rice is the seed of the grass species \"Oryza sativa\" (Asian rice) or \"Oryza glaberrima\" (African rice).", "Rice __knowledge__ As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia.", "Rice __knowledge__ It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5 million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9 billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).", "Rice __knowledge__ Since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ Malaysian cuisine consists of cooking traditions and practices found in Malaysia, and reflects the multiethnic makeup of its population.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The vast majority of Malaysia's population can roughly be divided among three major ethnic groups: Malays, Chinese and Indians.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ The remainder consists of the indigenous peoples of Sabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia, the Orang Asli of Peninsular Malaysia, the Peranakan and Eurasian creole communities, as well as a significant number of foreign workers and expatriates.", "Malaysian cuisine __knowledge__ As a result of historical migrations, colonisation by foreign powers, and its geographical position within its wider home region, Malaysia's culinary style in the present day is primarily a melange of traditions from its Malay, Chinese, Indian, Indonesian and ethnic Bornean citizens, with heavy to light influences from Thai, Portuguese, Dutch, and British cuisines, to name a few.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ A rice cooker or rice steamer is an automated kitchen appliance designed to boil or steam rice.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ It consists of a heat source, a cooking bowl, and a thermostat.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ The thermostat measures the temperature of the cooking bowl and controls the heat.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ Complex rice cookers may have many more sensors and other components, and may be multipurpose.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ The term rice cooker formerly applied to non-automated dedicated rice-cooking utensils, which have an ancient history (a ceramic rice steamer dated to 1250 BC is on display in the British Museum).", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ It now applies mostly to automated cookers.", "Rice cooker __knowledge__ Electric rice cookers were developed in Japan, where they are known as pressure cookers .", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Melanesian mythology is the folklore, myths and religion of Melanesia — the archipelagos of New Guinea, the Torres Strait Islands, the Admiralty Islands, Solomon Islands, New Caledonia and Vanuatu.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Professor Roland Burrage Dixon wrote an account of the mythology of this region for \"The Mythology of All Races\", which was published in 1916.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ Since that time, the region has developed new cults and legends as a result of exposure to western civilisations and their missionaries.", "Melanesian mythology __knowledge__ These include the cargo cults in which the natives attempt to restore the supply of material goods which were a side-effect of the campaigning in this region during the Pacific War." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi can be prepared with either brown or white rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ It is often prepared with raw seafood, but some varieties of sushi use cooked ingredients, and many others are vegetarian.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often served with pickled ginger, wasabi, and soy sauce.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Daikon radish is popular as a garnish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi is often confused with sashimi, a related Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or occasionally meat, and an optional serving of rice.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Sushi originates in a Southeast Asian dish, known today as \"narezushi\" ( – \"salted fish\"), stored in fermented rice for possibly months at a time.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The lacto-fermentation of the rice prevented the fish from spoiling; the rice would be discarded before consumption of the fish.", "Sushi __knowledge__ This early type of sushi became an important source of protein for its Japanese consumers.", "Sushi __knowledge__ The term \"sushi\" comes from an antiquated grammatical form no longer used in other contexts, and literally means \"sour-tasting\"; the overall dish has a sour and umami or savoury taste.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Narezushi still exists as a regional specialty, notably as \"funa-zushi\" from Shiga Prefecture.", "Sushi __knowledge__ Vinegar began to be added to the preparation of narezushi in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) for the sake of enhancing both taste and preservation.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The history of sushi began with paddy fields in Southeast Asia, where fish was fermented with salt and rice, after which the rice was discarded.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The dish is today known as \"narezushi\", and was introduced to Japan around the Yayoi period.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In the Muromachi period, people began to eat the rice as well as the fish.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ During the Edo period, vinegar rather than fermented rice began to be used.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ In pre-modern times and modern times, it has become a form of fast food strongly associated with Japanese culture.", "History of sushi __knowledge__ The earliest form of sushi, a dish today known as narezushi, has its probable origin with paddy fields along the Mekong river in Southeast Asia.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ The Atlantic bluefin tuna (\"Thunnus thynnus\") is a species of tuna in the family Scombridae.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ It is variously known as the northern bluefin tuna (mainly when including Pacific bluefin as a subspecies), giant bluefin tuna (for individuals exceeding ) and formerly as the tunny.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ Atlantic bluefin are native to both the western and eastern Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Mediterranean Sea.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ Atlantic bluefin have become extinct in the Black Sea.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ The Atlantic bluefin tuna is a close relative of the other two bluefin tuna species—the Pacific bluefin tuna and the southern bluefin tuna.", "Atlantic bluefin tuna __knowledge__ Atlantic bluefin tuna may exceed in weight, and rival the black marlin, blue marlin and swordfish as the largest Perciformes.", "Fish as food __knowledge__ Many species of fish are consumed as food in virtually all regions around the world.", "Fish as food __knowledge__ Fish has been an important source of protein and other nutrients for humans from time immemorial.", "Fish as food __knowledge__ In culinary and fishery contexts, \"fish\" may include shellfish, such as molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms.", "Fish as food __knowledge__ English does not distinguish between \"fish\" as an animal and the food prepared from it, as it does with \"pig\" vs. \"pork\" or \"cow\" vs. \"beef\".", "Fish as food __knowledge__ Some other languages do, as in the Spanish \" versus \".", "Fish as food __knowledge__ The modern English word for fish comes from the Old English word \"fisc\" (plural: \"fiscas\") which was pronounced as it is today.", "List of raw fish dishes __knowledge__ This article is about raw fish or shellfish.", "List of raw fish dishes __knowledge__ It includes marinated raw fish (soaked in a seasoned liquid) and raw fish which is lightly cured such as gravlax, but not fish which is fully cured (fermented, pickled, smoked or otherwise preserved).", "List of raw fish dishes __knowledge__ Parasites in fish are a natural occurrence and common.", "List of raw fish dishes __knowledge__ Though not a health concern in thoroughly cooked fish, parasites are a concern when consumers eat raw or lightly preserved fish such as sashimi, sushi, ceviche, and gravlax.", "List of raw fish dishes __knowledge__ The popularity of such raw fish dishes makes it important for consumers to be aware of this risk.", "List of raw fish dishes __knowledge__ Raw fish should be frozen to an internal temperature of −20 °C (−4 °F) for at least 7 days to kill parasites.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Sashimi (; , ) is a Japanese delicacy consisting of very fresh raw meat or fish sliced into thin pieces.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ The word \"sashimi\" means \"pierced body\", i.e.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ \"刺身\" = \"sashimi\", where 刺し = \"sashi\" (pierced, stuck) and 身 = \"mi\" (body, meat).", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word dates from the Muromachi period, and was possibly coined when the word \"切る\" = \"kiru\" (cut), the culinary step, was considered too inauspicious to be used by anyone other than samurai.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ This word may derive from the culinary practice of sticking the fish's tail and fin to the slices for the purpose of identifying the fish being eaten.", "Sashimi __knowledge__ Another possibility for the name could come from the traditional method of harvesting.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japanese cuisine encompasses the regional and traditional foods of Japan, which have developed through centuries of social and economic changes.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ The is based on rice with miso soup and other dishes; there is an emphasis on seasonal ingredients.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Side dishes often consist of fish, pickled vegetables, and vegetables cooked in broth.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood is common, often grilled, but also served raw as sashimi or in sushi.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Seafood and vegetables are also deep-fried in a light batter, as tempura.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Apart from rice, staples include noodles, such as soba and udon.", "Japanese cuisine __knowledge__ Japan also has many simmered dishes such as fish products in broth called oden, or beef in sukiyaki and nikujaga.", "Agriculture in India __knowledge__ The history of Agriculture in India dates back to Indus Valley Civilization Era and even before that in some parts of Southern India.", "Agriculture in India __knowledge__ Today, India ranks second worldwide in farm output.", "Agriculture in India __knowledge__ Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 13.7% of the GDP (gross domestic product) in 2013, about 50% of the workforce.", "Agriculture in India __knowledge__ The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth.", "Agriculture in India __knowledge__ Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and plays a significant role in the overall socio-economic fabric of India.", "Rice __knowledge__ Rice is the seed of the grass species \"Oryza sativa\" (Asian rice) or \"Oryza glaberrima\" (African rice).", "Rice __knowledge__ As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia.", "Rice __knowledge__ It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5 million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9 billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).", "Rice __knowledge__ Since sizable portions of sugarcane and maize crops are used for purposes other than human consumption, rice is the most important grain with regard to human nutrition and caloric intake, providing more than one-fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by humans.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The Oregon Trail is a historic east–west, large-wheeled wagon route and emigrant trail in the United States that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The eastern part of the Oregon Trail spanned part of the future state of Kansas, and nearly all of what are now the states of Nebraska and Wyoming.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The western half of the trail spanned most of the future states of Idaho and Oregon.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ The Oregon Trail was laid by fur traders and traders from about 1811 to 1840, and was only passable on foot or by horseback.", "Oregon Trail __knowledge__ By 1836, when the first migrant wagon train was organized in Independence, Missouri, a wagon trail had been cleared to Fort Hall, Idaho.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine has evolved through centuries of social and political change.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Originating from ancient agricultural and nomadic traditions in the Korean peninsula and southern Manchuria, Korean cuisine has evolved through a complex interaction of the natural environment and different cultural trends.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Korean cuisine is largely based on rice, vegetables, and meats.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (반찬; \"banchan\") that accompany steam-cooked short-grain rice.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Kimchi is served at nearly every meal.", "Korean cuisine __knowledge__ Commonly used ingredients include sesame oil, \"doenjang\" (fermented bean paste), soy sauce, salt, garlic, ginger, pepper flakes, \"gochujang\" (fermented red chili paste) and napa cabbage.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Rice production in Bhutan __knowledge__ Rice production in Bhutan plays an important role in food supply in Bhutan.", "Rice production in Bhutan __knowledge__ It is cultivated largely for domestic consumption.", "Rice production in Bhutan __knowledge__ In 2001 it was reported as little as 1% of rice grown in Bhutan as being marketed, but a farmers survey indicated that around 15% is indeed marketed.", "Rice production in Bhutan __knowledge__ In a country where 79% of the population is engaged in agriculture, in 2006 the production of rice in Bhutan was 74, 720 metric tons, with some under cultivation.", "Rice production in Bhutan __knowledge__ This increased dramatically from 44,000 tons in 2000.", "Rice production in Bhutan __knowledge__ Rice production in Bhutan increased by 58 percent between 1989 and 1997 according to an assessment of the rice research programme in Bhutan.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is a culinary style originating in Bengal, a region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, which is now divided between Bangladesh and the West Bengal state of India.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Other regions, such as Tripura, and the Barak Valley region of Assam (in India) also have large native Bengali populations and share this cuisine.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ With an emphasis on fish, vegetables and lentils are served with rice as a staple diet.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ Bengali cuisine is known for its subtle (yet sometimes fiery) flavours, and its spread of confectioneries and desserts.", "Bengali cuisine __knowledge__ It also has the only traditionally developed multi-course tradition from the subcontinent that is analogous in structure to the modern \"service à la russe\" style of French cuisine, with food served course-wise rather than all at once." ] ]

[ 1, 55, 46, 3 ]

[ "yes i love sushi , when i get payed i go to eat it right away , it can be made with white or brown rice", "i wish i could cook it , when cooked it has a sticky texture ", "i love it , i ate rice every other day , rice is the seed of the greass species ", "i like both , sushi is sometimes confuesed with sashimi , and a bit of soy sause " ]

[ "Sushi", "Sushi", "Sushi", "Sushi" ]

[ "Beach\nI love to spend time at the beach. I love the sound of waves.", "I have been there. I would not want to live there in a hurricane though.", "They have to keep pumping in more sand I think to combat erosion.", "How do they anchor buildings to such a land formation, that is just sand?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beach __knowledge__ A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles can also be biological in origin, such as mollusc shells or coralline algae.", "Beach __knowledge__ Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Beach __knowledge__ They may also have hospitality venues (such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches can be valued for their untouched beauty and preserved nature.", "Beach __knowledge__ Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits and reworks sediments.", "Beach __knowledge__ Although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word \"beach\", beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers.", "Beach __knowledge__ \"Beach\" may refer to: The former are described in detail below; the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars.", "Beach __knowledge__ There are several conspicuous parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form and shape it.", "Beach __knowledge__ The part mostly above water (depending upon tide), and more or less actively influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the characters that have appeared on \"90210\", an American teen drama.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The series introduces Annie Wilson (Shenae Grimes) and her adopted brother Dixon (Tristan Wilds), who move from Kansas to Beverly Hills with their father Harry (Rob Estes) and mother Debbie (Lori Loughlin).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The family relocated in order to care for Harry's mother Tabitha (Jessica Walter).", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ The first actor to be cast for the TV series was Dustin Milligan on April 1, 2008, followed by AnnaLynne McCord on April 14.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ Sachs found Milligan to be \"really funny\", and changed Ethan to better represent his personality.", "List of 90210 characters __knowledge__ McCord was cast because, according to Sachs, \"she's someone who is worldly, and there's a sophistication to her that's interesting.\"", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Mad Men\", all of whom have appeared in multiple episodes.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Donald \"Don\" Draper (né Dick Whitman; Jon Hamm) born 1926, is the creative director at Sterling Cooper Advertising Agency; he eventually rises to become a partner.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ He later becomes a founding partner at Sterling Cooper Draper Pryce.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Draper is the series' protagonist, and more storylines focus on him than on other characters.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ Margaret \"Peggy\" Olson (Elisabeth Moss), upon introduction, is the ostensibly naïve \"new girl\" at Sterling Cooper.", "List of Mad Men characters __knowledge__ She was originally Draper's secretary, but showed surprising talent and initiative, including a knack—similar to Draper's—for understanding the consumer's mind.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ \"Arrested Development\" is an American television sitcom that originally aired on the Fox network from November 2, 2003 to February 10, 2006.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26, 2013.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ Created by Mitchell Hurwitz, the show centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and is presented in a continuous format, incorporating hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos, and historical footage.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ The series stars Jason Bateman, Portia de Rossi, Will Arnett, Michael Cera, Alia Shawkat, Tony Hale, David Cross, Jeffrey Tambor, and Jessica Walter.", "2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami __knowledge__ The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.", "2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami __knowledge__ The shock had a moment magnitude of 9.1–9.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (\"Violent\").", "2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami __knowledge__ The undersea megathrust earthquake was caused when the Indian Plate was subducted by the Burma Plate and triggered a series of devastating tsunamis along the coasts of most landmasses bordering the Indian Ocean, killing 230,000–280,000 people in 14 countries, and inundating coastal communities with waves up to high.", "2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami __knowledge__ It was one of the deadliest natural disasters in recorded history." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beach __knowledge__ A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles can also be biological in origin, such as mollusc shells or coralline algae.", "Beach __knowledge__ Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Beach __knowledge__ They may also have hospitality venues (such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches can be valued for their untouched beauty and preserved nature.", "Beach __knowledge__ Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits and reworks sediments.", "Beach __knowledge__ Although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word \"beach\", beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers.", "Beach __knowledge__ \"Beach\" may refer to: The former are described in detail below; the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars.", "Beach __knowledge__ There are several conspicuous parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form and shape it.", "Beach __knowledge__ The part mostly above water (depending upon tide), and more or less actively influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm.", "Hurricane Elena __knowledge__ Hurricane Elena was an unpredictable and damaging tropical cyclone that affected eastern and central portions of the United States Gulf Coast in late August and early September 1985.", "Hurricane Elena __knowledge__ Threatening popular tourist destinations during Labor Day weekend, Elena repeatedly deviated from its forecast path, triggering evacuations of unprecedented extent.", "Hurricane Elena __knowledge__ The hurricane wrought havoc to property and the environment between southwestern Florida and eastern Louisiana, though lesser effects were felt well beyond those areas.", "Hurricane Elena __knowledge__ Elena developed on August 28 near Cuba, and after traveling lengthwise across the island with little impact, it entered the Gulf of Mexico and continued to strengthen.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida were the costliest in the state's history.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ Hurricane Irma developed from a tropical wave near the Cape Verde Islands on August 30.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The storm quickly became a hurricane on August 31 and then a major hurricane shortly thereafter, but would oscillate in intensity over the next few days.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ By September 4, Irma resumed strengthening, and became a powerful Category 5 hurricane on the following day.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ The cyclone then struck Sint Maarten and the British Virgin Islands on September 6 and later crossed Little Inagua in the Bahamas on September 8.", "Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida __knowledge__ Irma briefly weakened to a Category 4, but re-intensified into a Category 5 hurricane before making landfall in the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago of Cuba.", "Hurricane Georges __knowledge__ Hurricane Georges was a powerful and long-lived Cape Verde-type Category 4 hurricane which caused severe destruction as it traversed the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico in September 1998, making eight landfalls along its path.", "Hurricane Georges __knowledge__ Georges was the seventh tropical storm, fourth hurricane, and second major hurricane of the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season.", "Hurricane Georges __knowledge__ It became the most destructive storm of the season and the costliest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Andrew in 1992, and the deadliest since Hurricane Gordon in 1994.", "Hurricane Georges __knowledge__ Georges killed 604 people, mainly on the island of Hispaniola, and caused extensive damage resulting at just under $10 billion (1998 US dollars) in damages mostly in St. Kitts and Nevis, Puerto Rico and Hispaniola.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Criticism of the government response to Hurricane Katrina consisted primarily of condemnations of mismanagement and lack of preparation in the relief effort in response to Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Specifically, there was a delayed response to the flooding of New Orleans, Louisiana.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ (See Hurricane preparedness for New Orleans for criticism of the failure of Federal flood protection.)", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Within days of Katrina's August 29, 2005 landfall, public debate arose about the local, state and federal governments' role in the preparations for and response to the storm.", "Criticism of government response to Hurricane Katrina __knowledge__ Criticism was prompted largely by televised images of visibly shaken and frustrated political leaders, and of residents who remained in New Orleans without water, food or shelter and the deaths of several citizens by thirst, exhaustion, and violence, days after the storm itself had passed.", "Hurricane Irma __knowledge__ Hurricane Irma was an extremely powerful and catastrophic Cape Verde-type hurricane, the strongest observed in the Atlantic in terms of maximum sustained winds since Wilma, and the strongest storm on record to exist in the open Atlantic region.", "Hurricane Irma __knowledge__ It was the first Category 5 hurricane to strike the Leeward Islands on record, followed by Hurricane Maria two weeks later, and is the second-costliest Caribbean hurricane on record, after Maria.", "Hurricane Irma __knowledge__ The ninth named storm, fourth hurricane, second major hurricane, and first Category 5 hurricane of the 2017 Atlantic hurricane season, Irma caused widespread and catastrophic damage throughout its long lifetime, particularly in the northeastern Caribbean and the Florida Keys.", "2005 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active Atlantic hurricane season in recorded history, shattering numerous records.", "2005 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ The impact of the season was widespread and ruinous with an estimated 3,913 deaths and damage of about $180.4 billion, the costliest on record until surpassed by the 2017 season.", "2005 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ Of the storms that made landfall, five of the season's seven major hurricanes—Dennis, Emily, Katrina, Rita, and Wilma—were responsible for most of the destruction.", "2005 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ Stan was the most destructive storm that was not a major hurricane.", "2005 Atlantic hurricane season __knowledge__ The Mexican states of Quintana Roo and Yucatán and the US states of Florida and Louisiana were each struck twice by major hurricanes; Cuba, the Bahamas, Haiti, Mississippi, Texas, Alabama, and Tamaulipas were each struck once and in each case brushed by at least one more.", "1992 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The 1992 Pacific hurricane season is the most active Pacific hurricane season on record.", "1992 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ The most notable storm was Hurricane Iniki, which caused billions of dollars of damage to the Hawaiian Islands.", "1992 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Hurricanes Lester, Virgil, Winifred, and Orlene also made landfall and killed several people, but were significantly less destructive.", "1992 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Hurricane Darby and Tropical Storm Agatha brought rains and more destruction to Mexico, without making landfall.", "1992 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Hurricane Tina was the longest-lasting Pacific hurricane at the time.", "1992 Pacific hurricane season __knowledge__ Also of note are Hurricane Ekeka and Tropical Storm Hali, which formed in late January and late March, respectively.", "Miami Beach, Florida __knowledge__ Miami Beach is a coastal resort city in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States.", "Miami Beach, Florida __knowledge__ It was incorporated on March 26, 1915.", "Miami Beach, Florida __knowledge__ The municipality is located on natural and man-made barrier islands between the Atlantic Ocean and Biscayne Bay, the latter of which separates the Beach from Miami.", "Miami Beach, Florida __knowledge__ The neighborhood of South Beach, comprising the southernmost of Miami Beach, along with downtown Miami and the Port of Miami, collectively form the commercial center of South Florida.", "Miami Beach, Florida __knowledge__ As of the 2010 census, Miami Beach had a total population of 87,779.", "Miami Beach, Florida __knowledge__ It has been one of America's pre-eminent beach resorts since the early 20th century.", "Transportation in South Florida __knowledge__ The Greater Miami area, composed of the three counties of Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach, also known collectively as South Florida, is home to a wide variety of public and private transportation systems.", "Transportation in South Florida __knowledge__ These include heavy rail mass transit (Metrorail), commuter rail (Tri-Rail), automated guideway transit (Metromover), highways, two major airports (Miami International Airport (MIA) and Fort Lauderdale – Hollywood International Airport (FLL)) and seaports (Port of Miami and Port Everglades), as well as three county-wide bus networks (Miami-Dade Metrobus, Broward County Transit (BCT), and Palm Tran), which cover the entire urbanized area of South Florida.", "South Beach __knowledge__ South Beach, also nicknamed SoBe, is a neighborhood in the city of Miami Beach, Florida, United States, located due east of Miami city proper between Biscayne Bay and the Atlantic Ocean.", "South Beach __knowledge__ The area encompasses all of the barrier islands of Miami Beach south of Indian Creek.", "South Beach __knowledge__ This area was the first section of Miami Beach to be developed, starting in the 1910s, due to the development efforts of Carl G. Fisher, the Lummus Brothers, and John S. Collins, the latter of whose construction of the Collins Bridge provided the first vital land link between mainland Miami and the beaches.", "South Beach __knowledge__ The area has gone through numerous artificial and natural changes over the years, including a booming regional economy, increased tourism, and the 1926 hurricane, which destroyed much of the area.", "Carl G. Fisher __knowledge__ Carl Graham Fisher (January 12, 1874 – July 15, 1939) was an American entrepreneur.", "Carl G. Fisher __knowledge__ Despite severe astigmatism, he became actively involved in auto racing.", "Carl G. Fisher __knowledge__ He was a seemingly tireless pioneer and promoter of the automotive industry and highway construction, and of real estate development in Florida.", "Carl G. Fisher __knowledge__ He is widely regarded as a promotional genius.", "Carl G. Fisher __knowledge__ Despite family financial strains and a disability, in the late 19th century he became a bicycle enthusiast and opened a modest bicycle shop with a brother.", "Carl G. Fisher __knowledge__ He became involved in bicycle racing, as well as many activities related to the emerging American auto industry.", "Miami Beach Senior High School __knowledge__ Miami Beach Senior High School (Beach High, MBSH) is a secondary school located at 2231 Prairie Avenue Miami Beach, Florida, across from the Miami Beach Convention Center and Botanical Garden.", "Miami Beach Senior High School __knowledge__ It is located at the corner of Prairie Avenue and Dade Boulevard.", "Miami Beach Senior High School __knowledge__ The school is in Miami-Dade County and is part of the Miami-Dade County Public Schools, the fourth-largest school district in the United States.", "Miami Beach Senior High School __knowledge__ In addition, Miami Beach Senior High is the second oldest in Miami-Dade County (after Miami Senior High).", "Miami Beach Senior High School __knowledge__ In 2009, the school was recognized as a magnet school.", "Miami Beach Senior High School __knowledge__ In 2010, Miami Beach Senior High was recognized as an International Baccalaureate World School, meaning a select group of students get to attend a two-year program that allows them to graduate with a special diploma.", "Andy Sweet __knowledge__ Andrew John Sweet (November 9, 1953 – October 17, 1982) was an American photographer known for his documentary photography and street photography.", "Andy Sweet __knowledge__ He photographed the life and residents of South Beach, with a particular focus on the Jewish community, many of them Holocaust survivors.", "Andy Sweet __knowledge__ Sweet also captured the carefree young people who made Miami Beach their second home.", "Andy Sweet __knowledge__ The \"Oxford American\" wrote a story on his vision of capturing a disappearing Jewish Community in Miami Beach.", "Andy Sweet __knowledge__ His violent death and the following trials were covered extensively in the media.", "Andy Sweet __knowledge__ The son of a prominent Miami Beach family, the gruesome nature of his death diverted attention from his art just when his work was gaining a following." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beach __knowledge__ A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles can also be biological in origin, such as mollusc shells or coralline algae.", "Beach __knowledge__ Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Beach __knowledge__ They may also have hospitality venues (such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches can be valued for their untouched beauty and preserved nature.", "Beach __knowledge__ Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits and reworks sediments.", "Beach __knowledge__ Although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word \"beach\", beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers.", "Beach __knowledge__ \"Beach\" may refer to: The former are described in detail below; the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars.", "Beach __knowledge__ There are several conspicuous parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form and shape it.", "Beach __knowledge__ The part mostly above water (depending upon tide), and more or less actively influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, one form of soil degradation.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ A low level of erosion of soil is a naturally occurring process on all land.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ The agents of soil erosion are water and wind, each contributing a significant amount of soil loss each year.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Soil erosion may be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed, or it may occur at an alarming rate causing a serious loss of topsoil.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ The loss of soil from farmland may be reflected in reduced crop production potential, lower surface water quality and damaged drainage networks.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Human activities have increased by 10–40 times the rate at which erosion is occurring globally.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ Presque Isle State Park () is a Pennsylvania State Park on an arching, sandy peninsula that juts into Lake Erie, west of the city of Erie, in Millcreek Township, Erie County, Pennsylvania, in the United States.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ The peninsula sweeps northeastward, surrounding Presque Isle Bay along the park's southern coast.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ It has of roads, of recreational trails, 13 beaches for swimming, and a marina.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ Popular activities at the park include swimming, boating, hiking, biking, and birdwatching.", "Presque Isle State Park __knowledge__ The recorded history of Presque Isle begins with the Erielhonan, a Native American tribe who gave their name to Lake Erie, and includes French, British, and American forts, as well as serving as a base for Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry's fleet in the War of 1812.", "Scarborough Bluffs __knowledge__ The Scarborough Bluffs, also known as The Bluffs, is an escarpment in the Scarborough district of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Scarborough Bluffs __knowledge__ There are nine parks along the bluffs, with Bluffers Park being the only one with beach access.", "Scarborough Bluffs __knowledge__ Forming much of the eastern portion of Toronto's waterfront, Scarborough Bluffs stands above the shoreline of Lake Ontario.", "Scarborough Bluffs __knowledge__ At its highest point, the escarpment rises above the coastline and spans a length of .", "Scarborough Bluffs __knowledge__ The French gave the name \"Les grands Ecores\", or tall points on the shore, to the cliffs.", "Scarborough Bluffs __knowledge__ In the 1788 Plan of Toronto by Alexander Aitken, the bluffs were simply known as the High Lands.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ Thailand's dramatic economic growth has caused numerous environmental issues.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ The country faces problems with air and water pollution, declining wildlife populations, deforestation, soil erosion, water scarcity, and waste issues.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ According to a 2004 indicator, the cost of air and water pollution for the country scales up to approximately 1.6–2.6 percent of GDP per year.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ As such, Thailand's economic growth has come at great cost in damage to its people and environment.", "Environmental issues in Thailand __knowledge__ Thailand introduced its \"Seventh Economic and Social Development Plan (1992–1996)\", declaring that protecting the environment was a top priority of the Thai government.", "Beach nourishment __knowledge__ Beach nourishment (also referred to as beach renourishment, beach replenishment, or sand replenishment) describes a process by which sediment, usually sand, lost through longshore drift or erosion is replaced from other sources.", "Beach nourishment __knowledge__ A wider beach can reduce storm damage to coastal structures by dissipating energy across the surf zone, protecting upland structures and infrastructure from storm surges, tsunamis and unusually high tides.", "Beach nourishment __knowledge__ Beach nourishment is typically part of a larger coastal defense scheme.", "Beach nourishment __knowledge__ Nourishment is typically a repetitive process since it does not remove the physical forces that cause erosion but simply mitigates their effects.", "Burdekin River Pumping Station __knowledge__ Burdekin River Pumping Station is a heritage-listed pumping station at Weir Road, Breddan, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Burdekin River Pumping Station __knowledge__ It was built from to 1910s.", "Burdekin River Pumping Station __knowledge__ It is also known as Charters Towers Water Supply Scheme.", "Burdekin River Pumping Station __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 3 July 1995.", "Burdekin River Pumping Station __knowledge__ The former Burdekin River Pumping Station was erected as part of the important Charters Towers water supply system, constructed from 1887 to 1891 for the Burdekin Water Scheme Joint Board.", "Burdekin River Pumping Station __knowledge__ When completed the scheme included a pumping station, rising main, reservoir on Tower Hill, chimney stack, engineer's residence, workers' cottages, provisional school, tram track, bridge across the Burdekin River and several trestle bridges to carry the rising main across small creeks between the pumping station and the reservoir in the town.", "Changing room __knowledge__ A changing room, locker room, dressing room (usually in a sports, theater or staff context) or changeroom (regional use) is a room or area designated for changing one's clothes.", "Changing room __knowledge__ Changing rooms are provided in a semi-public situation to enable people to change clothes in privacy, either individually or on a gender basis.", "Changing room __knowledge__ Separate changing rooms may be provided for men and women, or there may be a non-gender specific open space with individual cubicles or stalls.", "Changing room __knowledge__ Sometimes a person may change his or her clothes in a toilet cubicle of a washroom.", "Changing room __knowledge__ Many changing rooms include washrooms and showers.", "Changing room __knowledge__ Sometimes a changing room exists as a small portion of a washroom.", "Tuen Mun District __knowledge__ Tuen Mun District () is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong.", "Tuen Mun District __knowledge__ Its name was previously 'Tsing Shan' and it changed in the 1970s.", "Tuen Mun District __knowledge__ It is the westernmost continental district of Hong Kong, located about 32 km from the Kowloon Peninsula, 7 km southwest of Yuen Long and 18 km west of Tsuen Wan.", "Tuen Mun District __knowledge__ It had a population of 488,831 in 2001.", "Tuen Mun District __knowledge__ Part of the district is the Tuen Mun New Town, which contains one of the largest residential areas in the New Territories.", "Tuen Mun District __knowledge__ According to Old history book of Tang dynasty ( Chinese traditional; ) Tuen Mun was a major trading port, and there were garrison soldiers defenced in the area as early as Tang dynasty ( A.D. 618--AD.", "Beaches of Hong Kong __knowledge__ Hong Kong has a long coastline that is full of twists and turns with many bays and beaches.", "Beaches of Hong Kong __knowledge__ Many of them are well sheltered by mountains nearby, as Hong Kong is a mountainous place.", "Beaches of Hong Kong __knowledge__ As a result, large waves seldom appear at the bays, making them suitable for human swimming.", "Beaches of Hong Kong __knowledge__ However, with the increasing development and urbanisation of Hong Kong, water quality has worsened resulting in the closure of several beaches previously suitable for swimming.", "Beaches of Hong Kong __knowledge__ These include Approach Beach, Ting Kau Beach, Anglers' Beach, Gemini Beaches, Hoi Mei Wan Beach, Casam Beach and Lido Beach in Tsuen Wan.", "Beaches of Hong Kong __knowledge__ In 2011, Lido Beach, Casam Beach, Approach Beach and Hoi Mei Wan Beach were reopened following an improvement in water quality.", "Shower __knowledge__ The original showers were neither indoor structures nor man-made but were common natural formations: waterfalls.", "Shower __knowledge__ The falling water rinsed the bathers completely clean and was more efficient than bathing in a traditional basin, which required manual transport of both fresh and waste water.", "Shower __knowledge__ Ancient people began to reproduce these natural phenomena by pouring jugs of water, often very cold, over themselves after washing.", "Shower __knowledge__ There has been evidence of early upper class Egyptian and Mesopotamians having indoor shower rooms where servants would bathe them in the privacy of their own homes.", "Shower __knowledge__ However, these were rudimentary by modern standards, having rudimentary drainage systems and water was carried, not pumped, into the room.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ A lifeguard is a rescuer who supervises the safety and rescue of swimmers, surfers, and other water sports participants such as in a swimming pool, water park, or beach.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ Lifeguards are strong swimmers and trained in CPR/AED first aid, certified in water rescue using a variety of aids and equipment depending on requirements of their particular venue.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ In some areas, lifeguards are part of the emergency services system to incidents and in some communities, the lifeguard service also carries out mountain rescues, or may function as the primary EMS provider.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ A lifeguard is responsible for the safety of people in an area of water, and usually a defined area immediately surrounding or adjacent to it, such as a beach next to an ocean or lake.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ Huntington State Beach is a protected beach in Southern California, located in the City of Huntington Beach in Orange County.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ It extends from Newport Beach (Santa Ana River) north to Beach Boulevard, where the Huntington City Beach begins.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ The park was established in 1942.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ This beach is a popular destination for many beach enthusiasts.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ This beach has moderate to good surf, fishing, volleyball courts, basketball courts, bathrooms, and fire-rings for bonfires.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ Lifeguard Services at Huntington State Beach are provided by the California State Parks Lifeguard Service.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ Lifeguards patrol the beach year-round while lifeguard towers are staffed roughly Memorial Day weekend through Labor Day weekend." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beach __knowledge__ A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles can also be biological in origin, such as mollusc shells or coralline algae.", "Beach __knowledge__ Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Beach __knowledge__ They may also have hospitality venues (such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches can be valued for their untouched beauty and preserved nature.", "Beach __knowledge__ Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits and reworks sediments.", "Beach __knowledge__ Although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word \"beach\", beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers.", "Beach __knowledge__ \"Beach\" may refer to: The former are described in detail below; the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars.", "Beach __knowledge__ There are several conspicuous parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form and shape it.", "Beach __knowledge__ The part mostly above water (depending upon tide), and more or less actively influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm.", "Shen Kuo __knowledge__ Shen Kuo (; 1031–1095), courtesy name Cunzhong (存中) and pseudonym Mengqi (now usually given as Mengxi) Weng (夢溪翁), was a Han Chinese polymathic scientist and statesman of the Song dynasty (960–1279).", "Shen Kuo __knowledge__ Excelling in many fields of study and statecraft, he was a mathematician, astronomer, meteorologist, geologist, zoologist, botanist, pharmacologist, agronomist, archaeologist, ethnographer, cartographer, encyclopedist, general, diplomat, hydraulic engineer, inventor, academy chancellor, finance minister, governmental state inspector, poet, and musician.", "Shen Kuo __knowledge__ He was the head official for the Bureau of Astronomy in the Song court, as well as an Assistant Minister of Imperial Hospitality.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil is a mixture of organic matter, minerals, gases, liquids, and organisms that together support life.", "Soil __knowledge__ The Earth's body of soil is the pedosphere, which has four important functions: it is a medium for plant growth; it is a means of water storage, supply and purification; it is a modifier of Earth's atmosphere; it is a habitat for organisms; all of which, in turn, modify the soil.", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil interfaces with the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere.", "Soil __knowledge__ The term \"pedolith\", used commonly to refer to the soil, literally translates \"ground stone\".", "Soil __knowledge__ Soil consists of a solid phase of minerals and organic matter (the soil matrix), as well as a porous phase that holds gases (the soil atmosphere) and water (the soil solution).", "Anchor __knowledge__ An anchor is a device, normally made of metal, used to connect a vessel to the bed of a body of water to prevent the craft from drifting due to wind or current.", "Anchor __knowledge__ The word derives from Latin \"ancora\", which itself comes from the Greek ἄγκυρα (\"ankura\").", "Anchor __knowledge__ Anchors can either be temporary or permanent.", "Anchor __knowledge__ Permanent anchors are used in the creation of a mooring, and are rarely moved; a specialist service is normally needed to move or maintain them.", "Anchor __knowledge__ Vessels carry one or more temporary anchors, which may be of different designs and weights.", "Anchor __knowledge__ A sea anchor is a drogue, not in contact with the seabed, used to control a drifting vessel.", "Randall Park Mall __knowledge__ Randall Park Mall was a shopping mall located in the village of North Randall, Ohio.", "Randall Park Mall __knowledge__ Despite the mall's importance to the town – it is represented by the two shopping bags appearing in the municipal seal – Randall Park Mall closed on March 12, 2009.", "Randall Park Mall __knowledge__ Demolition began on the former Higbee's/Dillard's building on December 29, 2014.", "Randall Park Mall __knowledge__ Amazon is currently developing plans to build a new distribution center on the former site.", "Randall Park Mall __knowledge__ In 1966, Dominic Visconsi proposed building Garfield Mall in nearby Garfield Heights.", "Randall Park Mall __knowledge__ In 1968, voters gave their blessing to the project, and the next year a proposal was revealed.", "Neal Macrossan Playground __knowledge__ Neal Macrossan Playground is a heritage-listed playground at 14 Caroline Street in the former suburb of Ithaca now Paddington, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.", "Neal Macrossan Playground __knowledge__ It was built from 1918 to 1934.", "Neal Macrossan Playground __knowledge__ It is also known as Ithaca Playground.", "Neal Macrossan Playground __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 9 May 1998.", "Neal Macrossan Playground __knowledge__ The Neal Macrossan Park, Paddington was designed as a model playground by the Playground Association in 1918.", "Neal Macrossan Playground __knowledge__ This was the first of the three early playgrounds organised by the Playground Association and was on the site of a former cemetery.", "Neal Macrossan Playground __knowledge__ The Playground Association of Queensland held their first meeting in 1913 and was formed to introduce concepts emanating from the United States movement toward providing public recreation parks and playgrounds.", "History of science __knowledge__ The history of science is the study of the development of science and scientific knowledge, including both the natural and social sciences.", "History of science __knowledge__ (The history of the arts and humanities is termed history of scholarship.)", "History of science __knowledge__ Science is a body of empirical, theoretical, and practical knowledge about the natural world, produced by scientists who emphasize the observation, explanation, and prediction of real world phenomena.", "History of science __knowledge__ Historiography of science, in contrast, studies the methods employed by historians of science.", "History of science __knowledge__ The English word \"scientist\" is relatively recent—first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century.", "Jefferson–Chalmers Historic Business District __knowledge__ The Jefferson–Chalmers Historic Business District is a historic district located on East Jefferson Avenue between Eastlawn Street and Alter Road in Detroit, Michigan.", "Jefferson–Chalmers Historic Business District __knowledge__ The district is the only continuously intact commercial district remaining along East Jefferson Avenue, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.", "Jefferson–Chalmers Historic Business District __knowledge__ The Historic Jefferson–Chalmers Business District is one of a few early twentieth-century neighborhood commercial districts that still survive in Detroit.", "Jefferson–Chalmers Historic Business District __knowledge__ During the 1920s, this district along Jefferson was the center of the east-side neighborhood's commercial, social, and cultural life.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, one form of soil degradation.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ A low level of erosion of soil is a naturally occurring process on all land.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ The agents of soil erosion are water and wind, each contributing a significant amount of soil loss each year.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Soil erosion may be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed, or it may occur at an alarming rate causing a serious loss of topsoil.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ The loss of soil from farmland may be reflected in reduced crop production potential, lower surface water quality and damaged drainage networks.", "Soil erosion __knowledge__ Human activities have increased by 10–40 times the rate at which erosion is occurring globally.", "Soil governance __knowledge__ Soil governance refers to the policies, strategies, and the processes of decision-making employed by nation states and local governments regarding the use of soil.", "Soil governance __knowledge__ Globally, governance of the soil has been limited to an agricultural perspective due to increased food insecurity from the most populated regions on earth.", "Soil governance __knowledge__ The Global Soil Partnership, GSP, was initiated by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and its members with the hope to improve governance of the limited soil resources of the planet in order to guarantee healthy and productive soils for a food-secure world, as well as support other essential ecosystem services.", "Soil compaction (agriculture) __knowledge__ Soil compaction, also known as soil structure degradation/degragation, is the increase of bulk density or decrease in porosity of soil due to externally or internally applied loads.", "Soil compaction (agriculture) __knowledge__ Compaction can adversely affect nearly all physical, chemical and biological properties and functions of soil.", "Soil compaction (agriculture) __knowledge__ Together with soil erosion, it is regarded as the \"costliest and most serious environmental problem caused by conventional agriculture.\"", "Soil compaction (agriculture) __knowledge__ In agriculture, soil compaction is a complex problem in which soil, crops, weather and machinery interact.", "Soil compaction (agriculture) __knowledge__ External pressure due to the use of heavy machinery and inappropriate soil management can lead to the compaction of subsoil, creating impermeable layers within the soil that restrict water and nutrient cycles.", "Human impact on the environment __knowledge__ Human impact on the environment or anthropogenic impact on the environment includes changes to biophysical environments and ecosystems, biodiversity, and natural resources caused directly or indirectly by humans, including global warming, environmental degradation (such as ocean acidification), mass extinction and biodiversity loss, ecological crises, and ecological collapse.", "Human impact on the environment __knowledge__ Modifying the environment to fit the needs of society is causing bad effects, which become worse as the problem of human overpopulation continues.", "Human impact on the environment __knowledge__ Some human activities that cause damage (either directly or indirectly) to the environment on a global scale include human reproduction, overconsumption, overexploitation, pollution, and deforestation, to name but a few.", "Environmental impact of agriculture __knowledge__ The environmental impact of agriculture is the effect that different farming practices have on the ecosystems around them, and how those effects can be traced back to those practices.", "Environmental impact of agriculture __knowledge__ The environmental impact of agriculture varies based on the wide variety of agricultural practices employed around the world.", "Environmental impact of agriculture __knowledge__ Ultimately, the environmental impact depends on the production practices of the system used by farmers.", "Environmental impact of agriculture __knowledge__ The connection between emissions into the environment and the farming system is indirect, as it also depends on other climate variables such as rainfall and temperature.", "Environmental impact of agriculture __knowledge__ There are two types of indicators of environmental impact: \"means-based\", which is based on the farmer's production methods, and \"effect-based\", which is the impact that farming methods have on the farming system or on emissions to the environment.", "Soil retrogression and degradation __knowledge__ Soil retrogression and degradation are two regressive evolution processes associated with the loss of equilibrium of a stable soil.", "Soil retrogression and degradation __knowledge__ Retrogression is primarily due to soil erosion and corresponds to a phenomenon where succession reverts the land to its natural physical state.", "Soil retrogression and degradation __knowledge__ Degradation is an evolution, different from natural evolution, related to the local climate and vegetation.", "Soil retrogression and degradation __knowledge__ It is due to the replacement of primary plant communities (known as climax vegetation) by the secondary communities.", "Soil retrogression and degradation __knowledge__ This replacement modifies the humus composition and amount, and affects the formation of the soil.", "Soil retrogression and degradation __knowledge__ It is directly related to human activity." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 13, 5 ]

[ "I visited the Miami beach beach which is a landform alongside a body of water ", "It has a man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Yeah! the upper layer of soil, one form of soil degradation.", "hospitality venues,such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby." ]

[ "Beach", "Beach", "Beach", "Beach" ]

[ "Dog\nI have three small dogs! They are all so playful. Do you have dogs?", "Yes they are! What breed would you prefer? They are definitely man's best friend!", "They are incredible creatures! Do you know how old dogs commonly get?", "Gotcha! Well I think it's important to interact with your dog. They need a companion as much as the human.!", "For sure! Some dogs are more common than others too! I recently saw pictures of a silver lab!" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Toy dog traditionally refers to a very small dog or a grouping of small and very small breeds of dog.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ A toy dog may be of any of various dog types.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Types of dogs referred to as toy dogs may include Spaniels, Pinschers and Terriers that have been bred down in size.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Not all toy dogs are lapdogs, although that is an important and ancient type of toy dog.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ The very smallest toy dogs are sometimes called \"teacup\" size, although no major dog registry recognizes that term.", "Toy dog __knowledge__ Dogs referred to as toy or teacup dogs, are dogs found in the \"Toy Group\" of breed registries, may be of the very ancient lapdog type, or they may be small versions of hunting dogs or working dogs, bred down in size for a particular kind of work or to create a pet of convenient size.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Dog anatomy comprises the anatomical studies of the visible parts of the body of a canine.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Details of structures vary tremendously from breed to breed, more than in any other animal species, wild or domesticated, as dogs are highly variable in height and weight.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The smallest known adult dog was a Yorkshire Terrier that stood only at the shoulder, in length along the head and body, and weighed only .", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The largest known adult dog was an English Mastiff which weighed and was from the snout to the tail.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ The tallest known adult dog is a Great Dane that stands at the shoulder.", "Dog anatomy __knowledge__ Source: The following is a list of the muscles in the dog along with their origin, insertion, action and innervation.", "Dogs of the Dow __knowledge__ The Dogs of the Dow is an investment strategy popularized by Michael B. O'Higgins in 1991, which proposes that an investor annually select for investment the ten Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) stocks whose dividend is the highest fraction of their price.", "Dogs of the Dow __knowledge__ Selecting some components of the DJIA is not a new idea.", "Dogs of the Dow __knowledge__ An article by H. G. Schneider was published in \"The Journal of Finance\" in 1951, based on selecting stocks by their price–earnings ratio.", "Dogs of the Dow __knowledge__ Proponents of the Dogs of the Dow strategy argue that blue-chip companies do not alter their dividend to reflect trading conditions and, therefore, the dividend is a measure of the average worth of the company; the stock price, in contrast, fluctuates through the business cycle.", "Dog park __knowledge__ A dog park is a park for dogs to exercise and play off-leash in a controlled environment under the supervision of their owners.", "Dog park __knowledge__ These parks have varying features, although they typically offer a 4' to 6' fence, separate double-gated entry and exit points, adequate drainage, benches for humans, shade for hot days, parking close to the site, water, tools to pick up and dispose of animal waste in covered trash cans, and regular maintenance and cleaning of the grounds.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Dog parks may also offer wheel-chair access, a pond for swimming and a separate enclosure for small dogs.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Off-leash dog areas, or dog parks, provide a community setting in which people can gather and socialize and where they can observe the interaction of groups of dogs at play.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua () is the smallest breed of dog and is named after the state of Chihuahua in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Chihuahuas come in a wide variety of colors, and two coat lengths.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The Chihuahua's history is convoluted, and there are many theories surrounding the origin of the breed.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ Both folklore and archaeological finds show that the breed originated in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ The most common theory is that Chihuahuas are descended from the \"Techichi\", a companion dog favored by the Toltec civilization in Mexico.", "Chihuahua (dog) __knowledge__ No records of the Techichi are available prior to the 9th century, although dog pots from Colima, Mexico, buried as part of the western Mexico shaft tomb tradition which date back to 300 BC are thought to depict Techichis.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ Dog's fashion is a popular style or practice, especially in canine clothing and accessories.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ Dog fashion is a distinctive trend of the style in which people dress their canine companions.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ This trend dates back to the Egyptian pre-dynastic period and in recent times it has expanded due to increased consumer capitalism.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ There is evidence from ancient Egypt that people were using decorative collars to adorn their dogs.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ One collar was discovered in the tomb of the ancient Egyptian nobleman Maiharpiri in 1440 BC.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ It depicts hunting scenes embossed into leather.", "Dog's fashion __knowledge__ The dog's name, Tantanouit, is visible on the collar.", "Alopekis __knowledge__ Alopekis is an ancient Greek breed of dog.", "Alopekis __knowledge__ The name Alopekis means “small fox” or “fox-like” in the Greek language.", "Alopekis __knowledge__ The breed is mentioned by several ancient Greek and classical writers such as Aristotle, Xenophon, and Aristophanes, and is depicted in many archaeological finds such as pottery, carvings, statuettes, sculpture, tomb monuments.", "Alopekis __knowledge__ The oldest representation comes from prehistoric neolithic times.", "Alopekis __knowledge__ It is an inscribed terracotta vessel dating back to 3000 years BC from Thessaly, bearing the schematic outline of the characteristic silhouette of the Alopekis and is now at the Archaeology Museum of Athens." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters who appear in the series Static Shock.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ Virgil Ovid Hawkins/Static (Phil LaMarr) He is an African-American 9th grade high school student in Dakota City.", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ As a result of accidental exposure to an experimental mutagen in an event known as the Big Bang, he gained the ability to control and manipulate electromagnetism, and uses these powers to become a superhero named \"Static.\"", "List of Static Shock characters __knowledge__ Countless others who were also exposed gained a wide variety of mutations and abilities, and Static spends much of his time dealing with these \"Bang Babies\", many of whom use their abilities in selfish, harmful, and even criminal ways.Virgil is named after the first African-American to go to law school (who was himself named for the Roman poets Virgil and Ovid).", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The French Bulldog, also known as the Frenchie, is a small breed of domestic dog.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ Frenchies were the result in the 1800s of a cross between bulldog ancestors imported from England and local ratters in Paris (France).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ In 2014, they were the fourth most popular registered dog in the United Kingdom and in the U.S. the sixth most popular AKC registered dog breed.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They were rated the third most popular dog in Australia (for 2017).", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ They are also on the higher side price-wise.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The cost around $3,000-7,000.", "French Bulldog __knowledge__ The origin of the modern French Bulldog breed descends directly from the dogs of the Molossians, an ancient Greek tribe.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ The Rat Terrier is an American dog breed with a background as a farm dog and hunting companion.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ Traditionally more of a type than a breed, they share much ancestry with the small hunting dogs known as feists.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ Common throughout family farms in the 1920s and 1930s, they are now recognized by the United and American Kennel Clubs and are considered a rare breed.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ Today's Rat Terrier is an intelligent and active small dog that is kept both for pest control and as a family pet.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ The Rat Terrier ranges from about 10 to 25 pounds and stands 10 to 18 inches at the shoulder.", "Rat Terrier __knowledge__ The miniature size (13 inches and under as defined by the UKC) is becoming increasingly popular as a house pet and companion dog, but the miniature is still a hunting dog.", "Mexican Hairless Dog __knowledge__ The Xoloitzcuintli ( ; Nahuatl pronunciation: ), or Xolo for short, is a hairless breed of dog, found in toy, miniature, and standard sizes.", "Mexican Hairless Dog __knowledge__ The Xolo also comes in a coated variety and coated and hairless can be born in the same litter.", "Mexican Hairless Dog __knowledge__ It is also known as Mexican hairless dog in English-speaking countries, and is one of several breeds of hairless dog.", "Mexican Hairless Dog __knowledge__ In Nahuatl, from which its English name originates, its name is \"xōlōitzcuintli\" (singular) and \"xōlōitzcuintin\" (plural).", "Mexican Hairless Dog __knowledge__ The name \"xōlōitzcuintli\" comes from the god \"Xolotl\" and \"itzcuīntli\" , meaning dog in Nahuatl.", "Mexican Hairless Dog __knowledge__ A genetic study was recently conducted in order to determine the origin of the Xoloitzcuintle breed.", "Holstein Friesian cattle __knowledge__ Holstein Friesians (often shortened to Holsteins in North America, while the term Friesians is often used in the UK) are a breed of dairy cattle originating from the Dutch provinces of North Holland and Friesland, and Schleswig-Holstein in Northern Germany and Jutland.", "Holstein Friesian cattle __knowledge__ They are known as the world's highest-production dairy animals.", "Holstein Friesian cattle __knowledge__ The Dutch and German breeders bred and oversaw the development of the breed with the goal of obtaining animals that could best use grass, the area's most abundant resource.", "Holstein Friesian cattle __knowledge__ Over the centuries, the result was a high-producing, black-and-white dairy cow.", "Holstein Friesian cattle __knowledge__ With the growth of the New World, markets began to develop for milk in North America and South America, and dairy breeders turned to the Netherlands for their livestock.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ A dingo–dog hybrid is a cross between a dingo and a domestic dog.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ The current population of free ranging domestic dogs in Australia is now probably higher than in the past.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ However, the proportion of the so-called \"pure\" dingoes (dogs with exclusively dingo-ancestry) has been in the decrease over the last few decades due to hybridisation and is regarded as further decreasing.", "Dingo–dog hybrid __knowledge__ Because of this ongoing interbreeding of dingoes and other domestic dogs and the resulting hybrids, there is a much wider range of colours and body shapes today among the Australian wild dog population than in the time before the human introduction of domestic dogs.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ The evolution of the wolf occurred over a geologic time scale of 800 thousand years, transforming the first Middle Pleistocene wolf specimen that is recognized as being morphologically similar to \"Canis lupus\" into today's dog, dingo and gray wolf.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Ecological factors including habitat type, climate, prey specialization and predatory competition has greatly influenced the wolf's genetic population structure and cranio-dental plasticity.", "Evolution of the wolf __knowledge__ Wolves went through a population bottleneck 20,000 years before present (YBP), which indicates that many wolf populations had gone extinct at a time that coincided with the Last Glacial Maximum and the expansion of modern humans worldwide with their technology for capturing large game.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ The New Guinea singing dog or New Guinea Highland dog (\"Canis lupus dingo\") is a type of dog native to the New Guinea Highlands of the island of New Guinea.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ The dog is noted for its unique vocalization.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ Some experts have referred to it as a wild dog, but others disagree.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ Little is known about New Guinea singing dogs in the wild and there are only two photographs of wild sightings: one taken in 1989 and published by Australian mammalogist Tim Flannery, and the other taken in August 2012 by wilderness adventure guide, Tom Hewett in the Star Mountains region of West Papua.", "New Guinea singing dog __knowledge__ In 2016, the New Guinea Highland Wild Dog Foundation announced to the media that it and the University of Papua had located and photographed a group of fifteen \"highland wild dogs\".", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Old Dogs (film) __knowledge__ Old Dogs is a 2009 American ensemble comedy film directed by \"Wild Hogs\" Walt Becker and starring John Travolta and Robin Williams with an ensemble supporting cast played by Kelly Preston, Matt Dillon, Justin Long, Seth Green, Rita Wilson, Dax Shepard, Lori Loughlin, and Bernie Mac.", "Old Dogs (film) __knowledge__ It was released in theaters on November 25, 2009 and was released on DVD March 9, 2010.", "Old Dogs (film) __knowledge__ The movie is dedicated to both Bernie Mac (who died in August 2008 and had his final acting role in the film) and Jett Travolta (John Travolta's son who died in January 2009).", "Old Dogs (film) __knowledge__ The film grossed $96.7 million worldwide on a $35 million budget.", "Dog health __knowledge__ The health of dogs is a well studied area in veterinary medicine.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Infectious diseases that affect dogs are important not only from a veterinary standpoint, but also because of the risk to public health; an example of this is rabies.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Genetic disorders also affect dogs, often due to selective breeding to produce individual dog breeds.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Due to the popularity of both commercial and homemade dog foods, nutrition is also a heavily studied subject.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Some diseases and other health problems are common to both humans and dogs; others are unique to dogs and other animals.", "Dog health __knowledge__ Dogs are susceptible to various diseases; similarly to humans, they can have diabetes, epilepsy, cancer, or arthritis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "African wild dog __knowledge__ The African wild dog (\"Lycaon pictus\"), also known as African hunting dog, African painted dog, painted hunting dog or painted wolf, is a canid native to Sub-Saharan Africa.", "African wild dog __knowledge__ It is the largest of its family in Africa, and the only extant member of the genus \"Lycaon\", which is distinguished from \"Canis\" by its fewer toes and its dentition, which is highly specialised for a hypercarnivorous diet.", "African wild dog __knowledge__ It is classified as endangered by the IUCN, as it has disappeared from much of its original range.", "African wild dog __knowledge__ The current population has been estimated at roughly 39 subpopulations containing 6,600 adults, only 1,400 of which are fully grown.", "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine __knowledge__ \"(Old Dogs, Children And) Watermelon Wine\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Tom T. Hall.", "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine __knowledge__ It was released in November 1972 as the second and final single from the album, \"The Storyteller\".", "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine __knowledge__ The song was Hall's third number one on the U.S. country singles chart.", "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine __knowledge__ \"(Old Dogs, Children And) Watermelon Wine\" spent one week at the top and a total of thirteen weeks on the chart.", "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine __knowledge__ On June 1, 2014, \"Rolling Stone\" magazine ranked \"(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine\" #93 in their list of the 100 greatest country songs.", "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine __knowledge__ The song is a true account of Hall's experience at the 1972 Democratic National Convention, where he had a conversation with an old porter (janitor) at a Miami Beach hotel.", "Pet __knowledge__ A pet or companion animal is an animal kept primarily for a person's company, protection, or entertainment rather than as a working animal, livestock, or laboratory animal.", "Pet __knowledge__ Popular pets are often noted for their attractive appearances and their loyal or playful personalities.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets provide their owners (or guardians) both physical and emotional benefits.", "Pet __knowledge__ Walking a dog can supply both the human and pet with exercise, fresh air, and social interaction.", "Pet __knowledge__ Pets can give companionship to elderly adults who do not have adequate social interaction with other people, as well as to other people who are living alone.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ The Golden Retriever is a large-sized breed of dog bred as gun dogs to retrieve shot waterfowl such as ducks and upland game birds during hunting and shooting parties, and were named 'retriever' because of their ability to retrieve shot game undamaged.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers have an instinctive love of water, and are easy to train to basic or advanced obedience standards.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ They are a long-coated breed, with a dense inner coat that provides them with adequate warmth in the outdoors, and an outer coat that lies flat against their bodies and repels water.", "Golden Retriever __knowledge__ Golden Retrievers are well suited to residency in suburban or country environments.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ \"Golden Retriever\" is a song by Super Furry Animals.", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ It was the first single to be issued from the album \"Phantom Power\" and reached number 13 on the UK Singles Chart on its release in July 2003.", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ The song is about the relationship between singer Gruff Rhys's girlfriend's two dogs and was written in the same key, with the same guitar tuning and around the same time as several other songs from \"Phantom Power\".", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ Critical reaction to the track was generally positive with many reviewers commenting on its \"catchiness\" and \"glam rock\" style.", "Golden Retriever (song) __knowledge__ A Jake & Jim directed music video was produced to accompany the song's release as a single featuring the band dressed as yetis.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Domestication is a sustained multi-generational relationship in which one group of organisms assumes a significant degree of influence over the reproduction and care of another group to secure a more predictable supply of resources from that second group.", "Domestication __knowledge__ Charles Darwin recognized the small number of traits that made domestic species different from their wild ancestors.", "Domestication __knowledge__ He was also the first to recognize the difference between conscious selective breeding in which humans directly select for desirable traits, and unconscious selection where traits evolve as a by-product of natural selection or from selection on other traits.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle is a cross-breed dog, which is obtained by breeding a Golden Retriever with a Poodle.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The name, which alters \"poodle\" to \"doodle\" by analogy to \"Labradoodle\", was coined in 1992.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The Goldendoodle was first bred by Monica Dickens in 1969.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Popularity for the goldendoodle grew in the 1990s when breeders in North America and Australia began crossing Golden Retrievers with Standard Poodles.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ The original purpose of the cross was to develop guide dogs suitable for visually impaired individuals with allergies.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Poodles are considered to be hypoallergenic.", "Goldendoodle __knowledge__ Their coats do not shed, which reduces dander." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Gotcha (video game) __knowledge__ Gotcha is an arcade game developed by Atari and released in October 1973.", "Gotcha (video game) __knowledge__ It was the fourth game by the company, after the 1972 \"Pong\", which marked the beginning of the commercial video game industry, and the 1973 \"Space Race\" and \"Pong Doubles\".", "Gotcha (video game) __knowledge__ In the game, two players move through a maze, which continually changes over time.", "Gotcha (video game) __knowledge__ One player, the Pursuer, attempts to catch the other, the Pursued; if they do, a point is scored, and the players reset positions.", "Gotcha (video game) __knowledge__ The game emits an electronic beeping sound, which increases in pace as the Pursuer gets closer to the Pursued, and each game lasts a set amount of time.", "Gotcha (song) __knowledge__ \"Gotcha\" is a song recorded by Australian singer and songwriter Jessica Mauboy for the soundtrack album \"The Sapphires\" to the 2012 musical film of the same name, in which Mauboy stars as Julie McCrae.", "Gotcha (song) __knowledge__ The song was written by Mauboy, Louis Schoorl and Ilan Kidron, and produced by The Schoolkids.", "Gotcha (song) __knowledge__ It was released as the lead single from the soundtrack album on 13 July 2012.", "Gotcha (song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Gotcha\" is an upbeat pop and swing dance song, which incorporates influences of motown and elements of 1960s music.", "Gotcha (song) __knowledge__ \"Gotcha\" garnered positive reviews from music critics, who praised its sound.", "Gotcha (song) __knowledge__ The song peaked at number 43 on the ARIA Singles Chart and number 11 on the ARIA Urban Singles Chart, and was certified gold by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA).", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The \"Tiny Toon Adventures\" animated television series features an extensive cast of characters.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ The show's central characters are mostly various forms of anthropomorphic animals, based on Looney Tunes characters from earlier films and shows.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the series, the characters attend a school called Acme Looniversity, set in the cartoon community of Acme Acres.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster Bunny (initially voiced by Charlie Adler and later by John Kassir) is a main character of the show along with Babs Bunny.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Buster is a young, blue-and-white male rabbit with a red shirt and white gloves.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ Bugs Bunny is his mentor.", "List of Tiny Toon Adventures characters __knowledge__ In the last episode, \"It's a Wonderful Tiny Toon Christmas Special\", Babs states that Buster is indeed her boyfriend.", "Gotcha Day __knowledge__ \"Gotcha Day\" is a phrase that denotes the anniversary of the day on which a new member joins a family in the adoption process.", "Gotcha Day __knowledge__ It is sometimes also called \"Homecoming Day\",\"Family Day\", or \"Adoption Day\" - although the date can be different from date on which the legal adoption is made final.", "Gotcha Day __knowledge__ 'Gotcha Day' is often associated with annual rituals or celebrations, much like a birthday.", "Gotcha Day __knowledge__ There is contemporary debate that the tradition and especially the phrase \"gotcha\" is offensive to adoptees.", "Gotcha Day __knowledge__ The International Association Of Adopted People discourages the use of the term because of the recent history of kidnapping and forced adoptions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the title character in the long-running BBC science fiction television programme \"Doctor Who\".", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ Since the show's inception in 1963, the character has been portrayed by twelve lead actors.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ In the programme, \"the Doctor\" is the alias assumed by a centuries-old alien—a Time Lord from the planet Gallifrey—who travels through space and time in the TARDIS, frequently with companions.", "The Doctor (Doctor Who) __knowledge__ The transition to each succeeding actor is explained within the show's narrative through the plot device of \"regeneration\", a biological function of the Time Lord race that allows a change of cellular structure and appearance with recovery following a potentially fatal injury.", "Gotcha! (1985 film) __knowledge__ Gotcha!", "Gotcha! (1985 film) __knowledge__ is a 1985 comedy-action film, starring Anthony Edwards and Linda Fiorentino and directed by Jeff Kanew, who also directed Anthony Edwards in \"Revenge of the Nerds\" in 1984.", "Gotcha! (1985 film) __knowledge__ Edwards portrays an American college student whose European vacation crosses paths with a mysterious spy portrayed by Fiorentino.", "Gotcha! (1985 film) __knowledge__ Critical reviews were mixed and the film was not a financial success.", "Gotcha! (1985 film) __knowledge__ UCLA college student Jonathan Moore (Anthony Edwards) is playing a game called \"Gotcha\" (popular on mid-1980s college campuses as \"Assassin\" or \"Tag\"), wherein the players are all assigned a mock \"hit\" on another player by use of a harmless paintball gun.", "Gotcha Force __knowledge__ \"Not to be confused with , one of the English versions of Gatchaman.\"", "Gotcha Force __knowledge__ Upon its initial release the game received mediocre reviews from critics and very little advertising.", "Gotcha Force __knowledge__ Due to these circumstances, it was not commercially successful, although it has gained a cult following with numerous high fan reviews.", "Gotcha Force __knowledge__ Capcom themselves seem to consider the game as one of their favorites, as the official Japanese website is stocked with concept art, videos, and screenshots of the developers messing around.", "Gotcha Force __knowledge__ There is also a toy and manga line in Japan though it is extremely rare.", "Gotcha Force __knowledge__ In March 2012, Capcom reprinted copies for the GameCube in Japan 9 years after its original release, which stirred talk of a possible future sequel to come.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The Greater Swiss Mountain Dog ( or ) is a dog breed which was developed in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ The name \"Sennenhund\" refers to people called \"Senn\" or \"Senner\", dairymen and herders in the Swiss Alps.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs are almost certainly the result of indigenous dogs mating with large mastiff types brought to Switzerland by foreign settlers.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ At one time, the breed was believed to have been among the most popular in Switzerland.", "Greater Swiss Mountain Dog __knowledge__ It was assumed to have almost died out by the late 19th century, since its work was being done by other breeds or machines, but was rediscovered in the early 1900s.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ The Australian Cattle Dog (ACD), or simply Cattle Dog, is a breed of herding dog originally developed in Australia for droving cattle over long distances across rough terrain.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ This breed is a medium-sized, short-coated dog that occurs in two main colour forms.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It has either brown or black hair distributed fairly evenly through a white coat, which gives the appearance of a \"red\" or \"blue\" dog.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ As with dogs from other working breeds, the Australian Cattle Dog is energetic and intelligent with an independent streak.", "Australian Cattle Dog __knowledge__ It responds well to structured training, particularly if it is interesting and challenging.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation show, also referred to as a \"breed show\", is a kind of dog show in which a judge familiar with a specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for how well the dogs \"conform\" to the established breed type for their breed, as described in a breed's individual breed standard.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ Such shows are useful to breeders as a means of evaluating dogs for breeding purposes.", "Conformation show __knowledge__ A conformation championship from a recognized national kennel club is generally considered a reasonably objective indication of merit, as it indicates that the dog has been found to be a superior example of its breed by some number of different judges on some number of separate occasions.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The poodle is a group of formal dog breeds, the Standard Poodle, Miniature Poodle and Toy Poodle.", "Poodle __knowledge__ The origins of the poodles are still discussed with a dispute over whether the poodle descends from the old French Barbet breed or from Germany as a type of water dog.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Ranked second most intelligent dog breed just behind the Border Collie, the poodle is skillful in many dog sports and activities, including agility, obedience, tracking to herding, circus performers or assistance dogs.", "Poodle __knowledge__ Poodles have taken top honors in many conformation shows, including \"Best in Show\" at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in 1991 and 2002, and at the World Dog Show in 2007 and 2010.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is a member of the genus \"Canis\" (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated, which implies that the direct ancestor of the dog is extinct.", "Dog __knowledge__ The dog was the first species to be domesticated and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.", "Dog __knowledge__ Their long association with humans has led dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior and they are able to thrive on a starch-rich diet that would be inadequate for other canid species.", "Dog __knowledge__ New research seems to show that dogs have mutations to equivalent genetic regions in humans where changes are known to trigger high sociability and somewhat reduced intelligence.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs vary widely in shape, size and colors.", "Dog __knowledge__ Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals and therapeutic roles.", "Dog __knowledge__ This influence on human society has given them the sobriquet \"man's best friend\".", "Matthieu Chalmé __knowledge__ Matthieu Chalmé (born 7 October 1980 in Bruges) is a French football player who currently plays as a right back for US Lège Cap Ferret in CFA 2.", "Matthieu Chalmé __knowledge__ Chalmé started his career playing for the youth ranks of FC Libourne-Saint-Seurin.", "Matthieu Chalmé __knowledge__ While playing youth football there, he had a trial at Grimsby Town, but was not signed.", "Matthieu Chalmé __knowledge__ At the age of 21, he signed his first professional contract with Ligue 1 club Lille OSC.", "Matthieu Chalmé __knowledge__ He played with the club for five years from 2002–2007.", "Matthieu Chalmé __knowledge__ After many consistent seasons and appearances in both the Champions League and UEFA Cup, Chalmé was signed by Bordeaux in the summer of 2007.", "Bible John __knowledge__ Bible John is the nickname of a serial killer who is believed to have murdered three young women after meeting them at the Barrowland Ballroom in Glasgow, Scotland, between 1968 and 1969.", "Bible John __knowledge__ The killer has never been identified although the known movements and modus operandi of convicted Glaswegian serial killer Peter Tobin suggests that he may have been behind the killings.", "Bible John __knowledge__ However, this has never been proven and the case remains unsolved.", "Bible John __knowledge__ On 23 February 1968, the naked body of a 25-year-old nurse, Patricia Docker, was found by a man on his way to work in a lane behind Carmichael Place, Glasgow.", "Bible John __knowledge__ The lane was only yards from her home in Langside Place.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador Retriever, or just Labrador, is a type of retriever-gun dog.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ The Labrador is one of the most popular breeds of dog in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A favourite disability assistance breed in many countries, Labradors are frequently trained to aid the blind, those who have autism, to act as a therapy dog, or to perform screening and detection work for law enforcement and other official agencies.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ Additionally, they are prized as sporting and hunting dogs.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ A few kennels breeding their ancestors, the St. John's water dog, were in England.", "Labrador Retriever __knowledge__ At the same time, a combination of the sheep protection policy in Newfoundland and rabies quarantine in the United Kingdom, led to the gradual demise of the St. John's water dog in Canada.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA ; stylized PeTA) is an American animal rights organization based in Norfolk, Virginia, and led by Ingrid Newkirk, its international president.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ A nonprofit corporation with nearly 400 employees, it claims that it has 6.5 million members and supporters, in addition to claiming that it is the largest animal rights group in the world.", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Its slogan is \"Animals are not ours to eat, wear, experiment on, use for entertainment, or abuse in any other way.\"", "People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals __knowledge__ Founded in March 1980 by Newkirk and fellow animal rights activist Alex Pacheco, the organization first caught the public's attention in the summer of 1981 during what became known as the Silver Spring monkeys case, a widely publicized dispute about experiments conducted on 17 macaque monkeys inside the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The origin of the domestic dog is not clear.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The domestic dog is a member of the genus \"Canis\", which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The closest living relative of the dog is the extant gray wolf and there is no evidence of any other canine contributing to its genetic lineage.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa as modern wolves are not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated.", "Origin of the domestic dog __knowledge__ The archaeological record shows the first undisputed dog remains buried beside humans 14,700 years ago, with disputed remains occurring 36,000 years ago.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ This is a list of creatures in the fictional \"Star Wars\" universe.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ To be listed here, creatures must be noted in multiple canonical sources.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ An Acklay is a large non-Sentient creature resembling an Earth's praying mantis.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is a Crustacean.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It is equipped with three eyes and six legs with four digits each, the fourth of which terminates in an elongated scythe-like claw and a crest to protect it from air attack.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ As a carnivore, it possesses a mouth full of long, sharp teeth that it uses for catching fish.", "List of Star Wars creatures __knowledge__ It originated on Vendaxa, but has since adapted to other environments such as Felucia and Geonosis.", "Dog park __knowledge__ A dog park is a park for dogs to exercise and play off-leash in a controlled environment under the supervision of their owners.", "Dog park __knowledge__ These parks have varying features, although they typically offer a 4' to 6' fence, separate double-gated entry and exit points, adequate drainage, benches for humans, shade for hot days, parking close to the site, water, tools to pick up and dispose of animal waste in covered trash cans, and regular maintenance and cleaning of the grounds.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Dog parks may also offer wheel-chair access, a pond for swimming and a separate enclosure for small dogs.", "Dog park __knowledge__ Off-leash dog areas, or dog parks, provide a community setting in which people can gather and socialize and where they can observe the interaction of groups of dogs at play.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ A livestock guardian dog (LGD) is a type of pastoral dog bred for the purpose of protecting livestock from predators.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ Livestock guardian dogs stay with the group of animals they protect as a full-time member of the flock or herd.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ Their ability to guard their herd is mainly instinctive, as the dog is bonded to the herd from an early age.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ Unlike the often smaller herding dogs that control the movement of the livestock, LGDs blend in with them, watching for intruders within the flock.", "Livestock guardian dog __knowledge__ The mere presence of a guardian dog is usually enough to ward off some predators, and LGDs will confront predators by vocal intimidation, barking, and displaying very aggressive behavior.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Dog behavior is the internally coordinated responses of individuals or groups of domestic dogs to internal and external stimuli.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ It has been shaped by millennia of contact with humans and their lifestyles.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ As a result of this physical and social evolution, dogs, more than any other species, have acquired the ability to understand and communicate with humans and they are uniquely attuned to their behaviors.", "Dog behavior __knowledge__ Behavioral scientists have uncovered a wide range of social-cognitive abilities in the domestic dog The origin of the domestic dog (\"Canis lupus familiaris\" or \"Canis familiaris\") is not clear.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo (\"Canis lupus dingo\" or \"Canis dingo\") is a type of feral dog native to Australia.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The first British colonists to arrive in 1788 established a settlement at Port Jackson and recorded dingoes living there with indigenous Australians.", "Dingo __knowledge__ Although the dingo exists in the wild, it associates with humans but has not been selectively bred similarly to other domesticated animals.", "Dingo __knowledge__ It is a medium-sized canid that possesses a lean, hardy body designed for speed, agility and stamina.", "Dingo __knowledge__ The dingo's three main coat colours are described as being either light ginger (or tan), black and tan, or creamy white." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 6, 6, 6 ]

[ "I don't have any domestic dogs but I really want to own one. They are also the most abundant terrestrial carnivore.", "Of all the dogs I'd love a Golden Retriever. They were the first domesticated animal too.", "Depends on the breed, size, and shape of the dog.", "Definitely, dogs are such social creatures no matter the size or shape.", "A silver lab? I've never seen one of that color before! Dogs can certainly be a lot of different colors and shapes and sizes." ]

[ "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog", "Dog" ]

[ "Top Chef\nI would love to be a top chef! It looks like such a fascinating profession. What do you know about this occupation?", "Yes, I have never watched that show however. Are you familiar with it?", "Who is the top chef on this show?", "Do they perform their cooking skills on tv while being judged?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ Stephanie Izard (born October 30, 1976) is an American chef residing in Chicago, Illinois, best known as the first female chef to win Bravo's \"Top Chef\", taking the title during its fourth season.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ She is the co-owner and executive chef of three award-winning Chicago restaurants, Girl and the Goat, Little Goat, and Duck Duck Goat, and opened her first restaurant, Scylla (now closed) as chef-owner at the age of 27.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ Izard received a James Beard Foundation Award for \"Best Chef: Great Lakes\" in 2013 for her work at Girl and the Goat.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ She has made a number of appearances on \"Top Chef\" since her win, both as a guest judge on subsequent seasons and as a participant in \"Top Chef Duels\".", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ Life After Top Chef is an American reality television series that aired on the Bravo television network.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ It premiered on October 3, 2012.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ The series follows former \"Top Chef\" contestants Richard Blais (\"Top Chef: Chicago\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), Jen Carroll (\"Top Chef: Las Vegas\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), Spike Mendelsohn (\"Top Chef: Chicago\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), and Fabio Viviani (\"Top Chef: New York\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\") as they pursue their post-\"Top Chef\" professional endeavors and provides insight into the chefs' private lives.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ Marcel Vigneron (born May 3, 1980) is an American chef best known as the runner-up of the second season of \"Top Chef\", which aired 2006–2007, placing behind Ilan Hall.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ In 2011, he had his own television program on Syfy, \"Marcel's Quantum Kitchen\", in which he started and ran a molecular gastronomy catering company; it was cancelled after 6 episodes.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ He later competed on \"Top Chef: All-Stars\" in 2011, on The Food Network's \"The Next Iron Chef\" in 2012 and The Food Network's \"Superstar Sabotage: Heat 2\" on the show \"Cutthroat Kitchen\" in 2014.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ Vigneron is originally from Bainbridge Island, Washington.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Charleston is the fourteenth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ The season was announced by Bravo on October 13, 2016, which premiered on December 1, 2016, and concluded on March 2, 2017.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Filming initially took place in Charleston, South Carolina, beginning in May 2016, while the season's final episodes were filmed in areas across Mexico, including Guadalajara and the Yucatán Peninsula.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Charleston\" featured eight new contestants competing against eight returning contestants from previous seasons.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"MasterChef\" and \"Top Chef Masters\" alumnus Graham Elliot debuted as a recurring judge, alongside returning judges Padma Lakshmi, Tom Colicchio, and Gail Simmons.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Seattle is the tenth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was announced on September 19, 2012, and premiered on November 7, 2012.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The competition was initially filmed in Seattle, Washington before moving to Juneau, Alaska for three episodes, and then concluding in Los Angeles, California.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Last Chance Kitchen\", the web series introduced in the previous season which puts the eliminated contestants against each other in head-to-head challenges to battle for a chance to re-enter the main competition, also returned.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The winner continued to compete in the season finale.", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of \"Top Chef Masters\" was announced on May 16, 2013.", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ Gail Simmons appeared as the new head critic for the competition.", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ In addition, Lesley Suter, the food and dining editor for \"Los Angeles Magazine\", joined the judging panel alongside James Oseland, Ruth Reichl, and Francis Lam.", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ The season premiered on July 24, 2013, with 13 award-winning chefs competing in weekly challenges to win the grand prize of $100,000 (USD) for their charity and the title of \"Top Chef Master\".", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ Each \"Top Chef Masters\" contestant had their sous-chef compete in a series of separate challenges called the \"\"Battle of the Sous Chefs\"\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes are an English rock band formed in London in 1968 by singer Jon Anderson, bassist Chris Squire, guitarist Peter Banks, keyboardist Tony Kaye, and drummer Bill Bruford.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ The band have undergone numerous formations throughout their history; nineteen musicians have been full-time members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Since June 2015, it has consisted of guitarist Steve Howe, drummer Alan White, keyboardist Geoff Downes, singer Jon Davison, and bassist Billy Sherwood, with no remaining founding members.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes have explored several musical styles over the years, and are most notably regarded as progressive rock pioneers.", "Yes (band) __knowledge__ Yes began in 1968, performing original songs and rearranged covers of rock, pop, blues and jazz songs, as evident on their first two albums.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ William Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor, author, producer, and director.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ In his seven decades of television, Shatner became a cultural icon for his portrayal of James T. Kirk, captain of the USS \"Enterprise\", in the \"Star Trek\" franchise.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of books chronicling his experiences playing Captain Kirk and being a part of \"Star Trek\", and has co-written several novels set in the \"Star Trek\" universe.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ He has written a series of science fiction novels called \"TekWar\" that were adapted for television.", "William Shatner __knowledge__ Shatner also played the eponymous veteran police sergeant in \"T.J. Hooker\" (1982–86) and hosted the reality-based television series \"Rescue 911\" (1989–96), which won a People's Choice Award for the Favorite New TV Dramatic Series.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Mike and the Mad Dog was an afternoon drive sports radio program based out of WFAN in New York City hosted by Mike Francesa and Christopher \"Mad Dog\" Russo.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Airing from 1989 to 2008, the show featured Francesa and Russo talking sports and taking phone calls from listeners.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ From 2002 onwards, the show was simulcast on television on the YES Network.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ On the radio, the show was simulcast beginning 2007 on WQYK in Tampa, Florida and from 2004 until 2007 on WROW in Albany, New York.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ Before Francesa and Russo were paired, Russo was an overnight/weekend and fill-in host.", "Mike and the Mad Dog __knowledge__ He caught the attention of Don Imus, who was impressed with his vibrant personality and brought Russo onto the \"Imus in the Morning\" show as its sports reporter.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Yes Minister is a Political satire British sitcom written by Antony Jay and Jonathan Lynn that was first transmitted on BBC Two from 1980 to 1984, split over three seven-episode series.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ The sequel, Yes, Prime Minister, ran from 1986 to 1988.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ In total there were 38 episodes, of which all but one lasted half an hour.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Almost all episodes ended with a variation of the title of the series spoken as the answer to a question posed by Hacker.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Several episodes were adapted for BBC Radio, and a stage play was produced in 2010, the latter leading to a new television series on UKTV Gold in 2013.", "Yes Minister __knowledge__ Set principally in the private office of a British Cabinet minister in the fictional Department of Administrative Affairs in Whitehall, \"Yes Minister\" follows the ministerial career of the Rt Hon Jim Hacker MP, played by Paul Eddington.", "Live & Kicking __knowledge__ Live & Kicking is a BBC Saturday morning children's magazine programme, running from 1993 to 2001.", "Live & Kicking __knowledge__ The fourth in a succession of Saturday morning shows, it was the replacement for \"Going Live!", "Live & Kicking __knowledge__ \", and took many of its features from it, such as phone-ins, games, comedy, competitions and the showing of cartoons.", "Live & Kicking __knowledge__ Once \"Live & Kicking\" had become established in series two, it reached its height in popularity during series four, when it was presented by Zoë Ball and Jamie Theakston; their final episode won a BAFTA award.", "Live & Kicking __knowledge__ After this the series ratings dropped with the launch of \"SMTV Live\" on ITV and the show eventually came to an end in 2001.", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation.", "CBS __knowledge__ The company is headquartered at the CBS Building in New York City with major production facilities and operations in New York City (at the CBS Broadcast Center) and Los Angeles (at CBS Television City and the CBS Studio Center).", "CBS __knowledge__ CBS is sometimes referred to as the \"Eye Network\", in reference to the company's iconic logo, in use since 1951.", "CBS __knowledge__ It has also been called the \"Tiffany Network\", alluding to the perceived high quality of CBS programming during the tenure of William S. Paley.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Reality television __knowledge__ Reality television is a genre of television programming that documents supposedly unscripted real-life situations, and often features an otherwise unknown cast of individuals who are typically not professional actors, although in some shows celebrities may participate.", "Reality television __knowledge__ It differs from documentary television in that the focus tends to be on drama, personal conflict, and entertainment rather than educating viewers.", "Reality television __knowledge__ An early term for the format was \"docu-soap\".", "Reality television __knowledge__ The genre has various standard tropes, including \"confessionals\" (also called \"talking heads\" or \"interview segments\") used by cast members to express their thoughts, which often double as the shows' narration.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ Life After Top Chef is an American reality television series that aired on the Bravo television network.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ It premiered on October 3, 2012.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ The series follows former \"Top Chef\" contestants Richard Blais (\"Top Chef: Chicago\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), Jen Carroll (\"Top Chef: Las Vegas\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), Spike Mendelsohn (\"Top Chef: Chicago\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), and Fabio Viviani (\"Top Chef: New York\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\") as they pursue their post-\"Top Chef\" professional endeavors and provides insight into the chefs' private lives.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Seattle is the tenth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was announced on September 19, 2012, and premiered on November 7, 2012.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The competition was initially filmed in Seattle, Washington before moving to Juneau, Alaska for three episodes, and then concluding in Los Angeles, California.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Last Chance Kitchen\", the web series introduced in the previous season which puts the eliminated contestants against each other in head-to-head challenges to battle for a chance to re-enter the main competition, also returned.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The winner continued to compete in the season finale.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Charleston is the fourteenth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ The season was announced by Bravo on October 13, 2016, which premiered on December 1, 2016, and concluded on March 2, 2017.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Filming initially took place in Charleston, South Carolina, beginning in May 2016, while the season's final episodes were filmed in areas across Mexico, including Guadalajara and the Yucatán Peninsula.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Charleston\" featured eight new contestants competing against eight returning contestants from previous seasons.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"MasterChef\" and \"Top Chef Masters\" alumnus Graham Elliot debuted as a recurring judge, alongside returning judges Padma Lakshmi, Tom Colicchio, and Gail Simmons.", "Top Chef (season 3) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Miami is the third season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 3) __knowledge__ It was first filmed in Miami, Florida, before concluding in Aspen, Colorado.", "Top Chef (season 3) __knowledge__ The season was Emmy nominated for Outstanding Reality Competition Series, and garnered the Emmy Award for Best Editing in the category.", "Top Chef (season 3) __knowledge__ Season 3 premiered on June 13, 2007 and ended on October 10, 2007.", "Top Chef (season 3) __knowledge__ Padma Lakshmi returned with Tom Colicchio, Gail Simmons, and new judge Ted Allen, who switched off with Simmons throughout the season. \"\"", "Top Chef (season 3) __knowledge__ contestant Lee Anne Wong was brought in as a food consultant and assisted in planning the challenges.", "Top Chef (season 9) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Texas is the ninth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 9) __knowledge__ The season was filmed in various cities in Texas, including San Antonio, Dallas, and Austin, before moving on to British Columbia for the finale.", "Top Chef (season 9) __knowledge__ The season premiered on November 2, 2011.", "Top Chef (season 9) __knowledge__ This season of \"Top Chef\" featured a much larger number of contestants than any previous season, with 29 chefs.", "Top Chef (season 9) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Texas\" also introduced a new competition to the series; in addition to the Quickfire and Elimination Challenges featured in televised episodes, the \"Last Chance Kitchen\" competition allowed eliminated contestants to compete head-to-head in a series of webisodes, with the winner eventually returning to the main competition." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ Stephanie Izard (born October 30, 1976) is an American chef residing in Chicago, Illinois, best known as the first female chef to win Bravo's \"Top Chef\", taking the title during its fourth season.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ She is the co-owner and executive chef of three award-winning Chicago restaurants, Girl and the Goat, Little Goat, and Duck Duck Goat, and opened her first restaurant, Scylla (now closed) as chef-owner at the age of 27.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ Izard received a James Beard Foundation Award for \"Best Chef: Great Lakes\" in 2013 for her work at Girl and the Goat.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ She has made a number of appearances on \"Top Chef\" since her win, both as a guest judge on subsequent seasons and as a participant in \"Top Chef Duels\".", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ Life After Top Chef is an American reality television series that aired on the Bravo television network.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ It premiered on October 3, 2012.", "Life After Top Chef __knowledge__ The series follows former \"Top Chef\" contestants Richard Blais (\"Top Chef: Chicago\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), Jen Carroll (\"Top Chef: Las Vegas\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), Spike Mendelsohn (\"Top Chef: Chicago\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\"), and Fabio Viviani (\"Top Chef: New York\", \"Top Chef: All-Stars\") as they pursue their post-\"Top Chef\" professional endeavors and provides insight into the chefs' private lives.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ Marcel Vigneron (born May 3, 1980) is an American chef best known as the runner-up of the second season of \"Top Chef\", which aired 2006–2007, placing behind Ilan Hall.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ In 2011, he had his own television program on Syfy, \"Marcel's Quantum Kitchen\", in which he started and ran a molecular gastronomy catering company; it was cancelled after 6 episodes.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ He later competed on \"Top Chef: All-Stars\" in 2011, on The Food Network's \"The Next Iron Chef\" in 2012 and The Food Network's \"Superstar Sabotage: Heat 2\" on the show \"Cutthroat Kitchen\" in 2014.", "Marcel Vigneron __knowledge__ Vigneron is originally from Bainbridge Island, Washington.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ Hugh Acheson (born November 5, 1971) is a Canadian-born chef and restaurateur.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ He owns four restaurants in Georgia, and serves as a judge on the reality cooking competition show \"Top Chef\".", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ Acheson was born on November 5, 1971 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ The youngest of four children, Acheson has three older sisters.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ His father was a professor of economics at Ottawa's Carleton University, while his mother was a reading tutor.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ Acheson's parents divorced when he was young, and he was raised primarily by his father in the Manor Park and Centretown neighbourhoods of Ottawa, with the exception of two years that he spent living with his mother and stepfather in the American cities of Clemson, South Carolina and Atlanta, Georgia.", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ The fifth season of \"Top Chef Masters\" was announced on May 16, 2013.", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ Gail Simmons appeared as the new head critic for the competition.", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ In addition, Lesley Suter, the food and dining editor for \"Los Angeles Magazine\", joined the judging panel alongside James Oseland, Ruth Reichl, and Francis Lam.", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ The season premiered on July 24, 2013, with 13 award-winning chefs competing in weekly challenges to win the grand prize of $100,000 (USD) for their charity and the title of \"Top Chef Master\".", "Top Chef Masters (season 5) __knowledge__ Each \"Top Chef Masters\" contestant had their sous-chef compete in a series of separate challenges called the \"\"Battle of the Sous Chefs\"\".", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Charleston is the fourteenth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ The season was announced by Bravo on October 13, 2016, which premiered on December 1, 2016, and concluded on March 2, 2017.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Filming initially took place in Charleston, South Carolina, beginning in May 2016, while the season's final episodes were filmed in areas across Mexico, including Guadalajara and the Yucatán Peninsula.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Charleston\" featured eight new contestants competing against eight returning contestants from previous seasons.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"MasterChef\" and \"Top Chef Masters\" alumnus Graham Elliot debuted as a recurring judge, alongside returning judges Padma Lakshmi, Tom Colicchio, and Gail Simmons.", "Kim Possible __knowledge__ Kim Possible is an American animated action comedy-adventure television series created by Bob Schooley and Mark McCorkle that originally aired on Disney Channel from June 7, 2002 to September 7, 2007.", "Kim Possible __knowledge__ The show revolves around eponymous high school student Kim Possible, a teenager tasked with fighting crime on a regular basis while coping with everyday issues commonly associated with adolescence.", "Kim Possible __knowledge__ Kim is aided by her clumsy best friend and sidekick Ron Stoppable, his pet naked mole rat Rufus and 10 year-old computer genius Wade.", "Kim Possible __knowledge__ Known collectively as Team Possible, the majority of Kim and Ron's missions require them to thwart the evil plans of mad scientist–supervillain duo Dr. Drakken and his sidekick Shego, but they occasionally encounter other enemies as well.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ is a song by American singer Usher.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ He co-wrote the song with Sean Garrett, Patrick J. Que Smith, Robert McDowell, LRoc, Ludacris, Da'Ron, and Lil Jon.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ It also features guest vocals from Lil Jon and Ludacris, with the former also producing the song as well as incorporating crunk and R&B—which he coined as crunk&B—in the song's production.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the lead single from Usher's fourth studio album \"Confessions\" (2004) on January 27, 2004, after Usher was told by Arista Records, his label at the time, to record more tracks for the album.", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"Yeah!\"", "Yeah! (Usher song) __knowledge__ topped the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart for 12 consecutive weeks, before being dethroned by Usher's follow-up single \"Burn\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ Nautical fiction, frequently also naval fiction, sea fiction, naval adventure fiction or maritime fiction, is a genre of literature with a setting on or near the sea, that focuses on the human relationship to the sea and sea voyages and highlights nautical culture in these environments.", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ The settings of nautical fiction vary greatly, including merchant ships, liners, naval ships, fishing vessels, life boats, etc., along with sea ports and fishing villages.", "Nautical fiction __knowledge__ When describing nautical fiction, scholars most frequently refer to novels, novellas, and short stories, sometimes under the name of sea novels or sea stories." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Top Chef is an American reality competition television series which premiered on March 8, 2006, on Bravo.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show features chefs competing against each other in various culinary challenges.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show is produced by Magical Elves Productions, the same company that created \"Project Runway\".", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The show has spawned multiple spinoff series, including \"Top Chef Masters\", featuring established award-winning chefs; and \"\", featuring pastry chefs.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Another show, \"Top Chef Junior\", featuring contestants in their early teens, premiered in October 2017 on Universal Kids.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ Numerous international adaptations of \"Top Chef\" have also been produced.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ On January 24, 2017, Bravo announced that it had renewed \"Top Chef\" for a fifteenth season.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The new season was filmed in Colorado, with challenges set in Denver, Boulder, Telluride, and Aspen, and premiered on December 7, 2017.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ \"Top Chef\" is a cooking show that uses a progressive elimination format.", "Top Chef __knowledge__ The beginning of each season starts with twelve to nineteen professional chefs selected through auditions.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ \"\" is a manga series written by Yūto Tsukuda and illustrated by Shun Saeki, serialized in \"Weekly Shōnen Jump\".", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ 27 tankōbon volumes have been released.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ An anime adaptation has aired 49 episodes over 3 seasons.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ The story follows protagonist and title character Sōma Yukihira as he transfers to the elite Tōtsuki Culinary Academy, an extremely competitive atmosphere, where only the top 1% of students graduate in.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Under the motto \"Cooking is Everything\", students are judged on their cooking for admission to the academy and in many classes, tournaments and events.", "List of Food Wars!: Shokugeki no Soma characters __knowledge__ Competition may lead to a Shokugeki, a cooking match held in an indoor stadium, where students stake their pride and futures as chefs.", "Wild Westing __knowledge__ Wild Westing was the term used by Native Americans for their performing with Buffalo Bill’s Wild West and similar shows.", "Wild Westing __knowledge__ Between 1887 and World War I, over 1,000 Native Americans went “Wild Westing.” Most were Oglala Lakota (\"Oskate Wicasa\") from their reservation in Pine Ridge, South Dakota, the first Lakota people to perform in these shows.", "Wild Westing __knowledge__ During a time when the Bureau of Indian Affairs was intent on promoting Native assimilation, Col. William Frederick Cody (\"Buffalo Bill\") used his influence with U.S. government officials to secure Native American performers for his Wild West.", "Wild Westing __knowledge__ Col. Cody treated Native American employees as equals with white cowboys.", "Buffalo Bill __knowledge__ William Frederick \"Buffalo Bill\" Cody (February 26, 1846 – January 10, 1917) was an American scout, bison hunter, and showman.", "Buffalo Bill __knowledge__ He was born in Le Claire, Iowa Territory (now the U.S. state of Iowa), but he lived for several years in his father's hometown in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, before the family returned to the Midwest and settled in the Kansas Territory.", "Buffalo Bill __knowledge__ Buffalo Bill started working at the age of eleven, after his father's death, and became a rider for the Pony Express at age 14.", "Buffalo Bill __knowledge__ During the American Civil War, he served the Union from 1863 to the end of the war in 1865.", "Buffalo Bill __knowledge__ Later he served as a civilian scout for the US Army during the Indian Wars, receiving the Medal of Honor in 1872.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ Major Israel McCreight (Oglala Lakota: \"Cante Tanke\" (\"Great Heart\")(Čhaŋté Tȟáŋka) in Standard Lakota Orthography) (April 22, 1865 – October 13, 1958) is notable in American history as a Progressive Era banker, conservationist and expert on Native American culture and policy.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight was a founder of the Pennsylvania Conservation Association, and authored President Theodore Roosevelt’s conservation policy on public education and Cook Forest State Park, the first Pennsylvania State Park acquired to preserve a natural landmark.", "Major Israel McCreight __knowledge__ McCreight dedicated his life to public education about Native American culture and was a nominee for U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs.", "Show Indians __knowledge__ Show Indians, or Wild West Show Indians, is a term for Native American performers hired by Wild West Shows, most notably in Buffalo Bill's Wild West and Congress of Rough Riders.", "Show Indians __knowledge__ \"Show Indians\" were primarily Oglala Lakota from the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, South Dakota.", "Show Indians __knowledge__ Performers took part in reenacting historic battles, demonstrating equestrianism and performing dances for audiences.", "Show Indians __knowledge__ Many veterans from the Great Plains Wars participated in Wild West Shows, during a time when the Office of Indian Affairs was intent on promoting Native assimilation.", "Show Indians __knowledge__ Many went on to act in silent films.", "Show Indians __knowledge__ Often central to the popular image of the American West are American Indians, specifically northern Great Plains tribes, popularly characterized as dwelling in tipis, skilled in horseback riding, and hunting bison.", "Wild West shows __knowledge__ Wild West shows were traveling vaudeville performances in the United States and Europe that existed around 1870–1920.", "Wild West shows __knowledge__ The shows began as theatrical stage productions and evolved into open-air shows that depicted the cowboys, Native American Indians, army scouts, outlaws, and wild animals that existed in the American West.", "Wild West shows __knowledge__ The shows introduced many western performers and personalities, and romanticized the American frontier to a wide audience.", "Wild West shows __knowledge__ In the 19th century, following the American Civil War, stories and inexpensive dime novels depicting the American West and frontier life were becoming common.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ is the longest-running noontime variety show in the Philippines.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The show has featured hundreds of segments and competitions since its debut on July 30, 1979.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The following is an incomplete list of the segments of \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ throughout its thirty-eight year run on television.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The segments are organized alphabetically by title.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ It is a special segment that has a similar concept with \"I Object, Your Honor\" and \"I Object, #NasaanAngHustisya?", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ \", that tests the cleverness and originality of the \"Eat Bulaga!\"", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ hosts.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ The hosts are divided into two teams.", "List of Eat Bulaga! segments __knowledge__ In each round, both teams are given one specific object.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ Top Chef is a Romanian reality competition show on the cable television network Antena 1, that first aired in 2012, in which chefs compete against each other in culinary challenges.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ They are judged by a panel of professional chefs and other notables from the food and wine industry with one or more contestants eliminated in each episode.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ The show is hosted by .", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ The judges are , and .", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ Generally, each episode of \"Top Chef\", other than the finale has had two challenges.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ The first is called the Quickfire challenge.", "Top Chef (Romania) __knowledge__ Each chef must cook a dish that meets certain requirements (for example, using specific ingredients or to inspire a certain taste) or participate in a culinary-related challenge (for example, a mise en place relay or a taste test).", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Charleston is the fourteenth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ The season was announced by Bravo on October 13, 2016, which premiered on December 1, 2016, and concluded on March 2, 2017.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ Filming initially took place in Charleston, South Carolina, beginning in May 2016, while the season's final episodes were filmed in areas across Mexico, including Guadalajara and the Yucatán Peninsula.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Charleston\" featured eight new contestants competing against eight returning contestants from previous seasons.", "Top Chef (season 14) __knowledge__ \"MasterChef\" and \"Top Chef Masters\" alumnus Graham Elliot debuted as a recurring judge, alongside returning judges Padma Lakshmi, Tom Colicchio, and Gail Simmons.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ Top Chef: Seattle is the tenth season of the American reality television series \"Top Chef\".", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The season was announced on September 19, 2012, and premiered on November 7, 2012.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The competition was initially filmed in Seattle, Washington before moving to Juneau, Alaska for three episodes, and then concluding in Los Angeles, California.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ \"Top Chef: Last Chance Kitchen\", the web series introduced in the previous season which puts the eliminated contestants against each other in head-to-head challenges to battle for a chance to re-enter the main competition, also returned.", "Top Chef (season 10) __knowledge__ The winner continued to compete in the season finale.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ Stephanie Izard (born October 30, 1976) is an American chef residing in Chicago, Illinois, best known as the first female chef to win Bravo's \"Top Chef\", taking the title during its fourth season.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ She is the co-owner and executive chef of three award-winning Chicago restaurants, Girl and the Goat, Little Goat, and Duck Duck Goat, and opened her first restaurant, Scylla (now closed) as chef-owner at the age of 27.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ Izard received a James Beard Foundation Award for \"Best Chef: Great Lakes\" in 2013 for her work at Girl and the Goat.", "Stephanie Izard __knowledge__ She has made a number of appearances on \"Top Chef\" since her win, both as a guest judge on subsequent seasons and as a participant in \"Top Chef Duels\".", "Top Chef (Spanish TV series) __knowledge__ Top Chef is a Spanish television show based on the American format of the same name.", "Top Chef (Spanish TV series) __knowledge__ The base of the program is a cooking competition that features chefs competing for the title of best chef in the country.", "Top Chef (Spanish TV series) __knowledge__ Atresmedia produces the show for its main channel Antena 3 in association with production company Boomerang TV.", "Top Chef (Spanish TV series) __knowledge__ In January 2013, Atresmedia confirmed it had bought the rights to adapt the \"Top Chef\" format in Spain, which rival group Mediaset España had previously discarded producing for its channel Cuatro.", "Top Chef (Spanish TV series) __knowledge__ As the details of the adaptation were revealed, the show was initially meant to air on Atresmedia's second channel laSexta, which at the time had the success of \"Pesadilla en la cocina\" (the Spanish adaptation of the \"Kitchen Nightmares\" franchise) to its credit.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ Hugh Acheson (born November 5, 1971) is a Canadian-born chef and restaurateur.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ He owns four restaurants in Georgia, and serves as a judge on the reality cooking competition show \"Top Chef\".", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ Acheson was born on November 5, 1971 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ The youngest of four children, Acheson has three older sisters.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ His father was a professor of economics at Ottawa's Carleton University, while his mother was a reading tutor.", "Hugh Acheson __knowledge__ Acheson's parents divorced when he was young, and he was raised primarily by his father in the Manor Park and Centretown neighbourhoods of Ottawa, with the exception of two years that he spent living with his mother and stepfather in the American cities of Clemson, South Carolina and Atlanta, Georgia." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 3, 3 ]

[ "Well Top Chef is less a profession and more an American reality TV competition.", "Yeah I used to watch it a lot when I was younger. It first premiered back in 2006.", "The Top Chef is who wins the competition, as they are judged by a panel of judges.", "Yes, they perform their cooking on TV and then their food is judged." ]

[ "Top Chef", "Top Chef", "Top Chef", "Top Chef" ]

[ "Tailgate party", "I enjoy attending tailgating parties. We have them outside our local college before football games.", "It's great because you can get good food and have a few drinks without paying stadium prices." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ A tailgate party is a social event held on and around the open tailgate of a vehicle.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgating, which originated in the United States, often involves consuming alcoholic beverages and grilling food.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties occur in the parking lots at stadiums and arenas, before and occasionally after games and concerts.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ People attending such a party are said to be 'tailgating'.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Many people participate even if their vehicles do not have tailgates.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties also involve people bringing their own alcoholic beverages, barbecues, food etc.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ which is sampled and shared among fans attending the tailgate.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgates are intended to be non-commercial events, so selling items to the fans is frowned upon.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties have spread to the pre-game festivities at sporting events besides football, such as basketball, hockey, soccer, and baseball, and also occur at non-sporting events such as weddings, barbecues, and concerts.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgating typically involves the consumption of alcoholic beverages or soft drinks and the grilling of various meat products.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Popular tailgate party foods include picnic staples such as hamburgers, hot dogs, baked beans, and cold salads like coleslaw or potato salad.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Some food products were created because of tailgate parties." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ A tailgate party is a social event held on and around the open tailgate of a vehicle.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgating, which originated in the United States, often involves consuming alcoholic beverages and grilling food.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties occur in the parking lots at stadiums and arenas, before and occasionally after games and concerts.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ People attending such a party are said to be 'tailgating'.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Many people participate even if their vehicles do not have tailgates.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties also involve people bringing their own alcoholic beverages, barbecues, food etc.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ which is sampled and shared among fans attending the tailgate.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgates are intended to be non-commercial events, so selling items to the fans is frowned upon.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties have spread to the pre-game festivities at sporting events besides football, such as basketball, hockey, soccer, and baseball, and also occur at non-sporting events such as weddings, barbecues, and concerts.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgating typically involves the consumption of alcoholic beverages or soft drinks and the grilling of various meat products.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Popular tailgate party foods include picnic staples such as hamburgers, hot dogs, baked beans, and cold salads like coleslaw or potato salad.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Some food products were created because of tailgate parties.", "Louisiana State University traditions __knowledge__ Louisiana State University is the flagship university of the state of Louisiana, United States.", "Louisiana State University traditions __knowledge__ This article describes the traditions of the university.", "Louisiana State University traditions __knowledge__ LSU's men's and women's sports teams are called the Fighting Tigers, Tigers or Lady Tigers.", "Louisiana State University traditions __knowledge__ LSU first adopted its \"Tigers\" nickname in the fall of 1896 during an undefeated football season.", "Louisiana State University traditions __knowledge__ 'Tigers' seemed like a logical choice since most collegiate teams in that year bore the names of ferocious animals, but 'Tigers' also referred to the Tiger Rifles.", "Louisiana State University traditions __knowledge__ The tiger symbol came from the Washington Artillery.", "Louisiana State University traditions __knowledge__ It was a militia unit that traces its history back to the 1830s.", "LSU Tigers football __knowledge__ The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in the sport of American football.", "LSU Tigers football __knowledge__ The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).", "LSU Tigers football __knowledge__ As of the end of the 2016 season, LSU has compiled 772 victories, the 16th most in NCAA Division I FBS history, and the fourth most of any SEC team, behind Alabama, Tennessee, and Georgia.", "LSU Tigers football __knowledge__ The Tigers also have the 11th highest winning percentage among teams with at least 1,000 games played.", "The Grove (Ole Miss) __knowledge__ The Grove is the tailgating area located at the center of the University of Mississippi (Ole Miss) campus.", "The Grove (Ole Miss) __knowledge__ It is approximately in size.", "The Grove (Ole Miss) __knowledge__ The Grove takes its name from \"the oak, elm and magnolia trees surrounding the area.", "The Grove (Ole Miss) __knowledge__ Originally, gathering in The Grove was an informal tailgating get-together when most serious pre-game socializing took place at the fraternity and sorority houses.", "The Grove (Ole Miss) __knowledge__ By the 1950s, the Grove started to become its own pregame tradition.", "The Grove (Ole Miss) __knowledge__ Automobiles, including RV campers, have been kept out of The Grove since a rainstorm in 1991 that reduced the Grove to a rutted swamp.", "The Grove (Ole Miss) __knowledge__ The autos were replaced by tents.", "LSU Tigers baseball __knowledge__ The LSU Tigers baseball team represents Louisiana State University in NCAA Division I college baseball.", "LSU Tigers baseball __knowledge__ The team participates in the West Division of the Southeastern Conference.", "LSU Tigers baseball __knowledge__ It is one of the elite college baseball programs in the nation, ranking seventh all-time with 18 College World Series appearances and second all-time with six national championships (1991, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2000, and 2009).", "LSU Tigers baseball __knowledge__ The Tigers play home games on LSU's campus at Alex Box Stadium, Skip Bertman Field, and they are currently coached by Paul Mainieri.", "LSU Tigers baseball __knowledge__ During the program's first thirty seasons, LSU had a total of 15 head coaches.", "Angelo State University __knowledge__ Angelo State University is a public, coeducational, doctoral-level, degree-granting university located in San Angelo, Texas, United States.", "Angelo State University __knowledge__ It was founded in 1928 as San Angelo College.", "Angelo State University __knowledge__ It gained university status and awarded its first baccalaureate degrees in 1967 and graduate degrees in 1969, the same year it took on its current name.", "Angelo State University __knowledge__ It offers over 100 undergraduate programs and 34 graduate programs.", "Angelo State University __knowledge__ It is the second largest campus in the Texas Tech University System.", "Angelo State University __knowledge__ In 2017, for the ninth consecutive year, Angelo State was named one of \"The Best 380 Colleges\" by \"The Princeton Review\".", "Angelo State University __knowledge__ It was one of five public universities in the state of Texas to make the list.", "Tailgating __knowledge__ Tailgating is the act of driving on a road too close to the vehicle in front, such that the distance between the two vehicles does not guarantee that stopping to avoid collision is possible.", "Tailgating __knowledge__ The safe distance for following another vehicle varies depending on various factors including vehicle speed, weather, visibility and other road conditions.", "Tailgating __knowledge__ Some jurisdictions may require a minimal gap of a specified distance or time interval.", "Tailgating __knowledge__ When following heavy vehicles or in less than ideal conditions (e.g.", "Tailgating __knowledge__ low light or rain), a longer distance is recommended.", "Tailgating __knowledge__ There can be several reasons for tailgating.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ The state laws governing alcoholic beverages in New Jersey are among the most complex in the United States, with many peculiarities not found in other states' laws.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ They provide for 29 distinct liquor licenses granted to manufacturers, wholesalers, retailers, and for the public warehousing and transport of alcoholic beverages.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ General authority for the statutory and regulatory control of alcoholic beverages rests with the state government, particularly the Division of Alcoholic Beverage Control overseen by the state's Attorney General.", "Alcohol laws of New Jersey __knowledge__ Under home rule, New Jersey law grants individual municipalities substantial discretion in passing ordinances regulating the sale and consumption of alcoholic beverages within their limits.", "Alcohol law __knowledge__ Alcohol laws are laws in relation to the manufacture, use, influence and sale of alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) or alcoholic beverages that contains ethanol.", "Alcohol law __knowledge__ The United States defines an alcoholic beverage as, \"any beverage in liquid form which contains not less than one-half of one percent of alcohol by volume\" , but this definition varies internationally.", "Alcohol law __knowledge__ These laws can restrict those who can produce alcohol, those who can buy it, where one can buy it, or even prohibit the use and sale of alcohol entirely.", "Alcohol law __knowledge__ Some countries forbid alcoholic beverages, or have forbidden them in the past.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Purposeful production of alcoholic drinks is common and often reflects cultural and religious peculiarities as much as geographical and sociological conditions.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Discovery of late Stone Age jugs suggest that intentionally fermented beverages existed at least as early as the Neolithic period (c. 10000 BC).", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ Chemical analysis of jars from the neolithic village Jiahu in the Henan province of northern China revealed traces of alcohol that were absorbed and preserved.", "History of alcoholic drinks __knowledge__ According to a study published in the \"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\", chemical analysis of the residue confirmed that a fermented drink made of grapes, hawthorn berries, honey, and rice was being produced in 7000–6650 BC.", "Alcohol in the Bible __knowledge__ Alcoholic beverages appear in the Hebrew Bible, after Noah planted a vineyard and became inebriated.", "Alcohol in the Bible __knowledge__ In the New Testament, Jesus miraculously made copious amounts of wine at the marriage at Cana.", "Alcohol in the Bible __knowledge__ Wine is the most common alcoholic beverage mentioned in biblical literature, where it is a source of symbolism, and was an important part of daily life in biblical times.", "Alcohol in the Bible __knowledge__ Additionally, the inhabitants of ancient Israel drank beer, and wines made from fruits other than grapes, and references to these appear in scripture.", "Alcohol in the Bible __knowledge__ Biblical literature displays an ambivalence toward intoxicating drinks, considering them both a blessing from God that brings joy and merriment and potentially dangerous beverages that can be sinfully abused.", "Christian views on alcohol __knowledge__ Christian views on alcohol are varied.", "Christian views on alcohol __knowledge__ Throughout the first 1,800 years of Church history, Christians generally consumed alcoholic beverages as a common part of everyday life and used \"the fruit of the vine\" in their central rite—the Eucharist or Lord's Supper.", "Christian views on alcohol __knowledge__ They held that both the Bible and Christian tradition taught that alcohol is a gift from God that makes life more joyous, but that over-indulgence leading to drunkenness is sinful or at least a vice.", "Christian views on alcohol __knowledge__ In the mid-19th century, some Protestant Christians moved from a position of allowing moderate use of alcohol (sometimes called \"moderationism\") to either deciding that not imbibing was wisest in the present circumstances (\"abstentionism\") or prohibiting all ordinary consumption of alcohol because it was believed to be a sin (\"prohibitionism\").", "Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions __knowledge__ Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions, also termed alcohol-induced asthma and alcohol-induced respiratory symptoms, are increasingly recognized as a pathological bronchoconstriction response to the consumption of alcohol that afflicts many people with a \"classical\" form of asthma, the airway constriction disease evoked by the inhalation of allergens.", "Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions __knowledge__ Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions reflect the operation of different and often racially related mechanisms that differ from those of classical, allergen-induced asthma.", "Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions __knowledge__ In 1973, Breslin et al.", "Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions __knowledge__ tested the effects of alcoholic beverage consumption on the respiratory symptoms of 11 asthmatic subjects who gave a history of asthma attacks following certain alcoholic beverages." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ A tailgate party is a social event held on and around the open tailgate of a vehicle.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgating, which originated in the United States, often involves consuming alcoholic beverages and grilling food.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties occur in the parking lots at stadiums and arenas, before and occasionally after games and concerts.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ People attending such a party are said to be 'tailgating'.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Many people participate even if their vehicles do not have tailgates.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties also involve people bringing their own alcoholic beverages, barbecues, food etc.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ which is sampled and shared among fans attending the tailgate.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgates are intended to be non-commercial events, so selling items to the fans is frowned upon.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgate parties have spread to the pre-game festivities at sporting events besides football, such as basketball, hockey, soccer, and baseball, and also occur at non-sporting events such as weddings, barbecues, and concerts.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Tailgating typically involves the consumption of alcoholic beverages or soft drinks and the grilling of various meat products.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Popular tailgate party foods include picnic staples such as hamburgers, hot dogs, baked beans, and cold salads like coleslaw or potato salad.", "Tailgate party __knowledge__ Some food products were created because of tailgate parties.", "List of EastEnders characters (1987) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in the BBC soap opera \"EastEnders\" in 1987, by order of first appearance.", "List of EastEnders characters (1987) __knowledge__ Tina Hopkins, played by Eleanor Rhodes, is introduced as Ian Beale's (Adam Woodyatt) girlfriend in February 1987.", "List of EastEnders characters (1987) __knowledge__ Ian's friend Kelvin Carpenter (Paul J. Medford) takes a romantic interest in Tina and makes advances towards her, which she shuns.", "List of EastEnders characters (1987) __knowledge__ Tina gets a job working at Naima Jeffery's (Shreela Ghosh) grocery store, the First til Last, and by May 1987 she and Ian decide that they want to move in together.", "List of EastEnders characters (1987) __knowledge__ They manage to persuade Kelvin to rent them one of his father's flats.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ As of November 2016, it operates 23,768 locations worldwide.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Starbucks is considered the main representative of \"second wave coffee\", initially distinguishing itself from other coffee-serving venues in the US by taste, quality, and customer experience while popularizing darkly roasted coffee.", "Starbucks __knowledge__ Since the 2000s, third wave coffee makers have targeted quality-minded coffee drinkers with hand-made coffee based on lighter roasts, while Starbucks nowadays uses automated espresso machines for efficiency and safety reasons.", "Pub __knowledge__ A pub, or public house, is an establishment licensed to sell alcoholic drinks, which traditionally include beer (such as ale) and cider.", "Pub __knowledge__ It is a relaxed, social drinking establishment and a prominent part of British, Irish, Breton, New Zealand, Canadian, South African and Australian cultures.", "Pub __knowledge__ In many places, especially in villages, a pub is the focal point of the community.", "Pub __knowledge__ In his 17th-century diary Samuel Pepys described the pub as \"the heart of England\".", "Pub __knowledge__ Pubs can be traced back to Roman taverns, through the Anglo-Saxon alehouse to the development of the tied house system in the 19th century.", "Pub __knowledge__ In 1393, King Richard II of England introduced legislation that pubs had to display a sign outdoors to make them easily visible for passing ale tasters, who would assess the quality of ale sold.", "Agriculture in Malawi __knowledge__ The main economic products of Malawi are tobacco, tea, cotton, groundnuts, sugar and coffee.", "Agriculture in Malawi __knowledge__ These have been among the main cash crops for the last century, but tobacco has become increasingly predominant in the last quarter-century, with a production in 2011 of 175,000 tonnes.", "Agriculture in Malawi __knowledge__ Over the last century, tea and groundnuts have increased in relative importance while cotton has decreased.", "Agriculture in Malawi __knowledge__ The main food crops are maize, cassava, sweet potatoes, sorghum, bananas, rice,and Irish potatoes and cattle, sheep and goats are raised.", "Agriculture in Malawi __knowledge__ The main industries deal with agricultural processing of tobacco, tea and sugar and timber products.", "UKTV __knowledge__ UKTV is a British multi-channel broadcaster, jointly owned by BBC Worldwide and Scripps Networks Interactive.", "UKTV __knowledge__ It was formed on 26th March 1992 through a joint venture between BBC and Thames Television.", "UKTV __knowledge__ It is one of the United Kingdom's largest television companies.", "UKTV __knowledge__ UKTV's channels are available via digital satellite and cable subscriptions in the UK and Ireland.", "UKTV __knowledge__ Dave, Drama, Really and Yesterday channels are also available in the UK on Freeview, the free-to-air digital terrestrial television (DTT) service.", "UKTV __knowledge__ Most programmes on the channels are repeat broadcasts of BBC productions, although the entertainment channels also feature some programmes produced by other companies and UKTV have also in recent years, commissioned a tiny minority of their own exclusive programmes.", "Good Food __knowledge__ Good Food is a British lifestyle channel broadcasting in the United Kingdom and Ireland as part of the UKTV network of channels.", "Good Food __knowledge__ The channel originally launched on 5 November 2001 and relaunched in its current format on 22 June 2009.", "Good Food __knowledge__ Good Food is available on satellite through Sky, on cable services, primarily through Virgin Media, and through IPTV with TalkTalk TV, BT TV.", "Good Food __knowledge__ It is available through TVPlayer (When subscribed to TVPlayer Plus).", "Good Food __knowledge__ From 1 December 2015 to 26 December 2015, Good Food was temporarily rebranded as Christmas Food; the campaign resumed from 26 November 2016 to 26 December 2016.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ A sugary drink tax or soda tax is a tax or surcharge designed to reduce consumption of drinks with added sugar.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Drinks covered under a soda tax often include carbonated soft drinks, sports drinks and energy drinks.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ The tax is a matter of public debate in many countries and beverage producers like Coca-Cola often oppose it.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Advocates such as national medical associations and the World Health Organization (WHO) promote the tax as an example of Pigovian taxation, aimed to discourage unhealthy diets and offset the growing economic costs of obesity.", "Sugary drink tax __knowledge__ Type II Diabetes is a growing health concern in many developed and developing countries around the world, with 1.6 million deaths directly due to type II diabetes in 2015 alone.", "Parking lot __knowledge__ A parking lot (American English) or car park (British English), also known as a car lot, is a cleared area that is intended for parking vehicles.", "Parking lot __knowledge__ Usually, the term refers to a dedicated area that has been provided with a durable or semi-durable surface.", "Parking lot __knowledge__ In most countries where cars are the dominant mode of transportation, parking lots are a feature of every city and suburban area.", "Parking lot __knowledge__ Shopping malls, sports stadiums, megachurches and similar venues often feature parking lots of immense area.", "Parking lot __knowledge__ Parking lots tend to be sources of water pollution because of their extensive impervious surfaces.", "Parking lot __knowledge__ Most existing lots have limited or no facilities to control runoff.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ Multi-purpose stadiums are a type of stadium designed to be easily used by multiple types of events.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ While any stadium could potentially host more than one type of sport or event, this concept usually refers to a specific design philosophy that stresses multifunctionality over specificity.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ It is used most commonly in Canada and the United States, where the two most popular outdoor team sports – football and baseball – require radically different facilities.", "Multi-purpose stadium __knowledge__ Football uses a rectangular field (Canadian football fields are larger than American ones), while baseball is played on a diamond and large outfield.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ The Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome (commonly called the Metrodome) was a domed sports stadium located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ It opened in 1982 as a replacement for Metropolitan Stadium, the former home of the National Football League's (NFL) Minnesota Vikings and Major League Baseball's (MLB) Minnesota Twins, and Memorial Stadium, the former home of the Minnesota Golden Gophers football team.", "Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome __knowledge__ The Metrodome was the home of the Vikings from 1982 to 2013, the Twins from 1982 to 2009, the National Basketball Association's (NBA) Minnesota Timberwolves in their 1989–90 inaugural season, the Golden Gophers football team until 2008 and the Golden Gophers baseball team from 2004 to 2012.", "Success Parking __knowledge__ Success Parking (Hebrew- \"חניוני הצלחה\"), the largest parking company in Israel, was established in 2001 by the international businessman and Hi-Tech entrepreneur Tsahi Merkur.", "Success Parking __knowledge__ Success Parking is part of the Success Group, a group of Israeli and international companies with many areas of activity and substantial assets in countries around the world.", "Success Parking __knowledge__ The group's activities include, amongst other areas of interest: Real estate and hotels, Hi-Tech projects, retailing, services and more.", "Success Parking __knowledge__ Success Parking itself has a number of subsidiary companies active in the fields of Human Resources and employee placement, security and others.", "Parking space __knowledge__ A parking space is a location that is designated for parking, either paved or unpaved.", "Parking space __knowledge__ It can be in a parking garage, in a parking lot or on a city street.", "Parking space __knowledge__ The space many be delineated by road surface markings.", "Parking space __knowledge__ The automobile fits inside the space, either by parallel parking, perpendicular parking or angled parking.", "Parking space __knowledge__ Depending on the location of the parking space, the time allowed to park may be fixed by regulation, and a fee may be required to use the parking space.", "Parking space __knowledge__ It may be designated for free parking.", "Parking space __knowledge__ When the demand for spaces outstrips supply vehicles may overspill park onto the sidewalk, grass verges and other places which were not designed for the purpose.", "Stadium __knowledge__ A stadium (plural stadiums or stadia) is a place or venue for (mostly) outdoor sports, concerts, or other events and consists of a field or stage either partly or completely surrounded by a tiered structure designed to allow spectators to stand or sit and view the event.", "Stadium __knowledge__ Pausanias noted that for about half a century the only event at the ancient Greek Olympic festival was the race that comprised one length of the stade at Olympia, where the word \"stadium\" originated.", "Stadium __knowledge__ In modern times, a stadium is officially a stadium when at least 50% of the actual capacity is an actual building, like concrete stands or seats.", "NFL regular season __knowledge__ The National Football League (NFL) regular season begins the weekend after Labor Day in early September and ends in December or early January.", "NFL regular season __knowledge__ It consists of 256 games, where each team (32 total) plays 16 games during a 17-week period.", "NFL regular season __knowledge__ Since 2012, the NFL schedule generally has games in one of five time slots during the week.", "NFL regular season __knowledge__ A game played on Thursday night, kicking off at 8:25 PM (ET).", "NFL regular season __knowledge__ The majority of games are played on Sunday, most kicking off at 1:00 PM (ET), some late afternoon games starting at 4:05 or 4:25 PM (ET).", "NFL regular season __knowledge__ Additionally, one Sunday night game is played every week at 8:30 PM (ET)." ] ]

[ 6, 3, 0 ]

[ "I love throwing a tailgate party because it brings people, alcoholic beverages, barbecues, and food together.", "Exactly most of them occur in the parking lots at stadiums and arenas before the game.", "Thats exactly what I do, those stadium prices are ridiculous. " ]

[ "Tailgate party", "Tailgate party", "Tailgate party" ]

[ "Entomology", "Oh wow! that is very interesting. do you collect them dead or alive?", "That is very cool! what is the coolest bug you have caught?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ \"Wow Oh Wow\" is a song by Irish hip pop duo Jedward.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It is the third single released from their second album, \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ It was released as a digital download on 18 November 2011.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song is written by Oritsé Williams of boy band JLS, and songwriters Johannes Joergensen, Savan Kotecha, Daniel Klein of Deekay.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ In September 2011, \"Wow Oh Wow\" was announced as the third single from \"Victory\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ Jedward debuted the song on Irish chat show \"The Late Late Show\".", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The song was released as a digital-only single.", "Wow Oh Wow __knowledge__ The music video was directed by Dale \"Rage\" Resteghini and filmed in Los Angeles, California in October 2011.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Steven Paul Jobs (; February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur, business magnate, inventor, and industrial designer.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was the chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), and co-founder of Apple Inc.; CEO and majority shareholder of Pixar; a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar; and the founder, chairman, and CEO of NeXT.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ Jobs and Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak are widely recognized as pioneers of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.", "Steve Jobs __knowledge__ He was born in San Francisco to parents who had to put him up for adoption at birth; he was raised in the San Francisco Bay Area during the 1960s.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ \"OMG\" is a song by American recording artist Usher and American rapper will.i.am, who also wrote and produced the song.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It uses the auto-tune effect in several lines, as well as \"Jock Jams\"-esque sports arena chanting.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ It was released on March 22, 2010 as the first worldwide single off his sixth studio album, \"Raymond v. Raymond\", and the fourth single overall, following the three US singles \"Papers\", \"Hey Daddy (Daddy's Home)\", and \"Lil Freak\".", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song was met with a mixed reception from critics, who criticized the use of auto-tune, but commended the song's dance and club vibe.", "OMG (Usher song) __knowledge__ The song marks the second time that Usher has collaborated with will.i.am, following the single \"What's Your Name\", from his previous album \"Here I Stand\" (2008).", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Those Darlins was a rock and roll band from Nashville, Tennessee active between 2006 and 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The group has released three albums, their alt-country-leaning self-titled debut \"Those Darlins\" in 2009, the garage rock influenced \"Screws Get Loose\" in 2011, and the more classic rock and roll \"Blur the Line\" in 2013.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band also owns and operates its own record label, Oh Wow Dang Records.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ The band entered into a hiatus in 2016.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Lead singer Jessi Zazu died from cancer on September 12, 2017.", "Those Darlins __knowledge__ Jessi Zazu, Nikki Kvarnes, and Kelley Anderson formed Those Darlins after meeting at the Southern Girls Rock & Roll Camp in Murfreesboro, Tennessee.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ The roles of insects in culture span different aspects of human life, whether analysed academically or more generally.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ Academically, the interaction of insects and society has been treated in part as cultural entomology, dealing mostly with \"advanced\" societies, and in part as ethnoentomology, dealing mostly with \"primitive\" societies, though the distinction is weak and not based on theory.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ Both academic disciplines explore the parallels, connections and influence of insects on human populations, and vice versa.", "Insects in culture __knowledge__ They are rooted in anthropology and natural history, as well as entomology, the study of insects.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ Forensic entomology is the scientific study of the invasion of the succession pattern of arthropods with their developmental stages of different species found on the decomposed cadavers during legal investigations.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It is the application and study of insect and other arthropod biology to criminal matters.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It also involves the application of the study of arthropods, including insects, arachnids, centipedes, millipedes, and crustaceans to criminal or legal cases.", "Forensic entomology __knowledge__ It is primarily associated with death investigations; however, it may also be used to detect drugs and poisons, determine the location of an incident, and find the presence and time of the infliction of wounds.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ Forensic entomology is the study of insects related to humans.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ There are three areas associated with forensic entomology; urban entomology, stored products entomology, and mediocriminal entomology.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ This page deals only with the area of mediocriminology and the schools and organizations associated with it.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ Mediocriminology is the interaction of the criminal justice system and the use of insects for investigations pertaining to the deaths of humans.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ This is a growing science in which nations around the world are partaking in research to expand its applications.", "List of schools and organizations related to forensic entomology __knowledge__ The following list of schools and organizations is not comprehensive due to the ever-changing nature of forensic entomology.", "Andrew Delmar Hopkins __knowledge__ Andrew Delmar Hopkins (August 20, 1857 – September 22, 1948) was an American entomologist of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.", "Andrew Delmar Hopkins __knowledge__ Though self-taught, his scientific understanding of forest entomology was exceptional.", "Andrew Delmar Hopkins __knowledge__ He received an honorary doctorate from West Virginia University and in 1902 he went to work for the US Department of Agriculture.", "Andrew Delmar Hopkins __knowledge__ He was subsequently named head of the newly created Division of Forest Insect Investigations.", "Andrew Delmar Hopkins __knowledge__ He became a specialist in the bark beetle family Scolytidae, especially the genus Dendroctonus, species of which are the most destructive insects in coniferous forests of North America.", "Alexander Henry Haliday __knowledge__ Alexander Henry Haliday (also known as Enrico Alessandro Haliday, Alexis Heinrich Haliday, or simply Halliday (1806–1870)) was an Irish entomologist.", "Alexander Henry Haliday __knowledge__ He is primarily known for his work on Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Thysanoptera, but worked on all insect orders and on many aspects of entomology.", "Alexander Henry Haliday __knowledge__ Haliday was born in Holywood, County Down, Ireland.", "Alexander Henry Haliday __knowledge__ A boyhood friend of Robert Templeton, he divided his time between Ireland and Lucca, where he was a co-founder with Camillo Rondani and Adolfo Targioni Tozzetti of the Italian Entomological Society.", "Alexander Henry Haliday __knowledge__ He was a member of the Royal Irish Academy, the Belfast Natural History Society, the Microscopical Society of London, and the Galileiana Academy of Arts and Science, as well as a fellow of the (now Royal) Entomological Society of London.", "Walter Wilson Froggatt __knowledge__ Walter Wilson Froggatt (13 June 1858 – 18 March 1937) was an Australian economic entomologist.", "Walter Wilson Froggatt __knowledge__ Froggatt was born in Melbourne, Victoria, the son of George Wilson Froggatt, an English architect, and his wife Caroline, daughter of Giacomo Chiosso, who came from a noble Italian family.", "Walter Wilson Froggatt __knowledge__ As a child Froggatt, who was delicate, was encouraged by his mother to find interests in the open air and at an early age began collecting insects.", "Walter Wilson Froggatt __knowledge__ The family having moved to Bendigo, Victoria he was educated at the Corporate High School, Sandhurst (Bendigo), and on leaving school spent four years on the land.", "Walter Wilson Froggatt __knowledge__ In 1880 he went to a goldfield near Milparinka, New South Wales, and then worked his way northward and through Queensland to Mackay, Herberton, Cairns and other parts of the colony.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ Forensic entomology deals with the collection of arthropodic evidence and its application, and through a series of tests and previously set of rules, general admissibility of said evidence is determined.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ Forensic entomology may come into play in a variety of legal cases, including crime scene investigation, abuse and neglect cases, accidents, insect infestation, and food contamination.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ The admissibility of forensic evidence is left up to the judgement of the court.", "Forensic entomology and the law __knowledge__ To provide a strong basis of admissibility for the evidence, accurate documentation is essential so that there is no room for speculation as to the authenticity of the evidence." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ In the past the term \"insect\" was more vague, and historically the definition of entomology included the study of terrestrial animals in other arthropod groups or other phyla, such as arachnids, myriapods, earthworms, land snails, and slugs.", "Entomology __knowledge__ This wider meaning may still be encountered in informal use.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Like several of the other fields that are categorized within zoology, entomology is a taxon-based category; any form of scientific study in which there is a focus on insect-related inquiries is, by definition, entomology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology therefore overlaps with a cross-section of topics as diverse as molecular genetics, behavior, biomechanics, biochemistry, systematics, physiology, developmental biology, ecology, morphology, and paleontology.", "Entomology __knowledge__ At some 1.3 million described species, insects account for more than two-thirds of all known organisms, date back some 400 million years, and have many kinds of interactions with humans and other forms of life on earth.", "Entomology __knowledge__ Entomology is rooted in nearly all human cultures from prehistoric times, primarily in the context of agriculture (especially biological control and beekeeping), but scientific study began only as recently as the 16th century.", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ \"NME\" Cool List is an annual listing of popular musicians compiled by the weekly British music magazine \"NME\".", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ The list is created each November by the magazine's writers and journalists, and is based on the 50 musicians that they consider to be the \"coolest\".", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ Each year's list is first announced by \"NME\" through both a dedicated issue of their magazine and their official website, NME.com – the Cool List issue often attracts high sales.", "NME's Cool List __knowledge__ The list was first published in 2002, to highlight the people who were \"at the forefront of the music scene\" – Jack White, the lead singer of American rock band The White Stripes, topped the first poll.", "Starship (musical) __knowledge__ Starship is a musical with music and lyrics by Darren Criss, and a book by Matt Lang, Nick Lang, Brian Holden, and Joe Walker.", "Starship (musical) __knowledge__ \"Starship\" is about an alien planet inhabited by giant insects, called Bug-World.", "Starship (musical) __knowledge__ One of these insects, named Bug, comes across a crashed human starship and becomes infatuated with the idea of becoming a Starship Ranger, and he gets his chance when a group of humans land on Bug-World in an attempt to colonize the planet.", "Starship (musical) __knowledge__ The musical was performed February 11-23rd, 2011, at the Hoover-Leppen Theatre in Chicago, Illinois (this was the first StarKid stage production to not be performed on the University of Michigan campus).", "List of Masked Rider monsters __knowledge__ In \"Masked Rider\", Count Dregon has monsters called Insectovores which he uses in his plots.", "List of Masked Rider monsters __knowledge__ They are kept in jars which come to life when they are launched from the Spiderbase.", "List of Masked Rider monsters __knowledge__ Here is a list of monsters used by Count Dregon and his minions: A grotesque grasshopper humanoid with the ability to change into a ball or a spike.", "List of Masked Rider monsters __knowledge__ Destructosphere was the first monster sent after Dex, when he arrived on Earth.", "List of Masked Rider monsters __knowledge__ Prior to the attack, Destructosphere was a sphere dropped to Earth by Count Dregon, in a scrapyard where he absorbed some junk to create his body.", "List of Masked Rider monsters __knowledge__ He proved very strong, but was defeated by Dex and his Rider Kick attack.", "Stellar classification __knowledge__ In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their spectral characteristics.", "Stellar classification __knowledge__ Electromagnetic radiation from the star is analyzed by splitting it with a prism or diffraction grating into a spectrum exhibiting the rainbow of colors interspersed with spectral lines.", "Stellar classification __knowledge__ Each line indicates a particular chemical element or molecule, with the line strength indicating the abundance of that element.", "Stellar classification __knowledge__ The strengths of the different spectral lines vary mainly due to the temperature of the photosphere, although in some cases there are true abundance differences.", "Stellar classification __knowledge__ The \"spectral class\" of a star is a short code primarily summarizing the ionization state, giving an objective measure of the photosphere's temperature.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ Bed bugs are parasitic insects of the cimicid family that feed exclusively on blood.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ \"Cimex lectularius\", the common bed bug, is the best known as it prefers to feed on human blood; other \"Cimex\" species specialize in other animals, e.g., bat bugs, such as \"Cimex pipistrelli\" (Europe), \"Cimex pilosellus\" (Western United States), and \"Cimex adjunctus\" (entire Eastern United States).", "Bed bug __knowledge__ The name bed bug derives from the preferred habitat of \"Cimex lectularius\": warm houses and especially near or inside beds and bedding or other sleep areas.", "Bed bug __knowledge__ Bed bugs are mainly active at night, but are not exclusively nocturnal.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ The Woggle-Bug is a musical based on \"The Marvelous Land of Oz\" by L. Frank Baum, with book and lyrics by the author and music by Frederic Chapin that opened June 18, 1905 at the Garrick Theater in Chicago under the direction of Frank Smithson, a Shubert Organization employee.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ The musical was a major critical and commercial failure, running less than a month.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ Chapin, however, had proven quite saleable to the publisher, M. Witmark and Sons, and many of the songs were published.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ The music director was Frank Pallma.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ The surviving sheet music was published by Hungry Tiger Press in 2002.", "The Woggle-Bug (musical) __knowledge__ After the success of \"The Wizard of Oz\" on Broadway in 1903, Baum set out immediately to write a sequel, \"The Marvelous Land of Oz; Being an Account of the Further Adventures of the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman\", which was published in 1904.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ Insect morphology is the study and description of the physical form of insects.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ The terminology used to describe insects is similar to that used for other arthropods due to their shared evolutionary history.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ Three physical features separate insects from other arthropods: they have a body divided into three regions (head, thorax, and abdomen), have three pairs of legs, and mouthparts located \"outside\" of the head capsule.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ It is this position of the mouthparts which divides them from their closest relatives, the non-insect hexapods, which includes Protura, Diplura, and Collembola.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ There is enormous variation in body structure amongst insect species.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects or Insecta (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], \"cut into sections\") are by far the largest group of hexapod invertebrates within the arthropod phylum.", "Insect __knowledge__ Definitions and circumscriptions vary; in one approach insects comprise a class within the Phylum Arthropoda.", "Insect __knowledge__ As the term is used here, it is synonymous with Ectognatha.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae.", "Insect __knowledge__ They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms.", "Insect wing __knowledge__ Insect wings are adult outgrowths of the insect exoskeleton that enable insects to fly.", "Insect wing __knowledge__ They are found on the second and third thoracic segments (the mesothorax and metathorax), and the two pairs are often referred to as the forewings and hindwings, respectively, though a few insects lack hindwings, even rudiments.", "Insect wing __knowledge__ The wings are strengthened by a number of longitudinal veins, which often have cross-connections that form closed \"cells\" in the membrane (extreme examples include the dragonflies and lacewings).", "Insect wing __knowledge__ The patterns resulting from the fusion and cross-connection of the wing veins are often diagnostic for different evolutionary lineages and can be used for identification to the family or even genus level in many orders of insects.", "Entomophagy __knowledge__ Entomophagy (, from Greek ἔντομον \"éntomon\", \"insect\", and φᾰγεῖν \"phagein\", \"to eat\") is the human use of insects as food.", "Entomophagy __knowledge__ The eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of certain insects have been eaten by humans from prehistoric times to the present day.", "Entomophagy __knowledge__ Human insect-eating is common to cultures in most parts of the world, including North, Central, and South America; and Africa, Asia, Australia, and New Zealand.", "Entomophagy __knowledge__ Over 1,000 species of insects are known to be eaten in 80% of the world's nations.", "Entomophagy __knowledge__ The total number of ethnic groups recorded to practice entomophagy is around 3,000.", "Entomophagy __knowledge__ However, in some societies insect-eating is uncommon or even taboo.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The most recent understanding of the evolution of insects is based on studies of the following branches of science: molecular biology, insect morphology, paleontology, insect taxonomy, evolution, embryology, bioinformatics and scientific computing.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ It is estimated that the class of insects originated on Earth about 480 million years ago, in the Ordovician, at about the same time terrestrial plants appeared.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ Insects evolved from a group of crustaceans.", "Evolution of insects __knowledge__ The first insects were land bound, but about 400 million years ago in the Devonian period one lineage of insects evolved flight, the first animals to do so.", "Insect based pet food __knowledge__ Eating insects is called \"entomophagy\".", "Insect based pet food __knowledge__ Insects have been a food source for millions of years.", "Insect based pet food __knowledge__ However, they are not currently used in most pet foods.", "Insect based pet food __knowledge__ There are many benefits to using insects in pet goods, including implications for the environment and sustainability.", "Insect based pet food __knowledge__ There is potential for growth in the pet food industry, with many insect species having the ability to be used as a novel protein source.", "Insect based pet food __knowledge__ There are also alternate uses for insects, such as control of hypertension and antioxidant properties.", "Insect based pet food __knowledge__ A limited number of products are available on the market, including cat food, dog food, and pet treats.", "Insect physiology __knowledge__ Insect physiology includes the physiology and biochemistry of insect organ systems.", "Insect physiology __knowledge__ Although diverse, insects are quite similar in overall design, internally and externally.", "Insect physiology __knowledge__ The insect is made up of three main body regions (tagmata), the head, thorax and abdomen.", "Insect physiology __knowledge__ The head comprises six fused segments with compound eyes, ocelli, antennae and mouthparts, which differ according to the insect’s particular diet, e.g.", "Insect physiology __knowledge__ grinding, sucking, lapping and chewing.", "Insect physiology __knowledge__ The thorax is made up of three segments: the pro, meso and meta thorax, each supporting a pair of legs which may also differ, depending on function, e.g." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 52 ]

[ "I am into entomology. Otherwise known as collecting insects.", "Alive. There are 1.3 million different insect species. It's a fulltime hobby", "A flower mantis, such a pretty insect. They have a 3-part body (a head, thorax and abdomen) and jointed legs, compound eyes and antennae. " ]

[ "Entomology", "Entomology", "Entomology" ]

[ "Visual impairment", "I wear glasses and have always wondered how vision works", "Oh ok I am near sighted and don't even know how it works just know i need my glasses lol" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ Sunglasses or sun glasses are a form of protective eyewear designed primarily to prevent bright sunlight and high-energy visible light from damaging or discomforting the eyes.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ They can sometimes also function as a visual aid, as variously termed spectacles or glasses exist, featuring lenses that are colored, polarized or darkened.", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, they were also known as sun cheaters (cheaters being an American slang term for glasses).", "Sunglasses __knowledge__ The American Optometric Association recommends sunglasses whenever a person is in the sun to protect the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (UV) and blue light, which can cause several serious eye problems.", "Puyi __knowledge__ Puyi or Pu Yi (; 7 February 190617 October 1967), of the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan, was the last Emperor of China and the twelfth and final ruler of the Qing dynasty.", "Puyi __knowledge__ When he was a child, he reigned as the Xuantong Emperor (; Manchu: \"gehungge yoso hūwangdi\") in China and Khevt Yos Khaan in Mongolia from 1908 until his forced abdication on 12 February 1912, after the Xinhai Revolution.", "Puyi __knowledge__ From 1–12 July 1917, he was briefly restored to the throne as emperor by the warlord Zhang Xun.", "Puyi __knowledge__ In 1932 after the occupation of Manchuria, the state of Manchukuo was established by Japan, and he was chosen to become 'Emperor' of the new state using the era-name of Datong (Ta-tung).", "Laser blended vision __knowledge__ Laser Blended Vision is a sophisticated laser eye treatment which is used to treat presbyopia (ageing eyes) (progressive loss of the ability to focus on nearby objects) or other age-related eye conditions.", "Laser blended vision __knowledge__ It can be used to help people that simply need reading glasses, and also those who have started to need bifocal or varifocal spectacle correction due to ageing changes in the eye.", "Laser blended vision __knowledge__ It can be used for people who are also short-sighted (myopia) or long-sighted (hyperopia) and who also may have astigmatism.", "Laser blended vision __knowledge__ Primarily the treatment is for a condition called presbyopia.", "Laser blended vision __knowledge__ Laser Blended Vision can be achieved through laser eye surgery, usually performed as LASIK, although surface laser eye surgery PRK or LASEK can be used to produce the effect.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ Strabismus, also called crossed eyes among other terms, is a condition in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ The eye which is focused on an object can alternate.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ The condition may be present occasionally or constantly.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ If present during a large part of childhood, it may result in amblyopia or loss of depth perception.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ If onset is during adulthood, it is more likely to result in double vision.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ Strabismus can occur due to muscle dysfunction, farsightedness, problems in the brain, trauma, or infections.", "Strabismus __knowledge__ Risk factors include premature birth, cerebral palsy, and a family history of the condition.", "Optical head-mounted display __knowledge__ An optical head-mounted display (OHMD) is a wearable device that has the capability of reflecting projected images as well as allowing the user to see through it that is augmented reality.", "Optical head-mounted display __knowledge__ Various techniques have existed for see-through HMDs.", "Optical head-mounted display __knowledge__ Most of these techniques can be summarized into two main families: \"Curved Mirror\" (or Curved Combiner) based and \"Waveguide\" or \"Light-guide\" based.", "Optical head-mounted display __knowledge__ The curved mirror technique has been used by Vuzix in their Star 1200 product, by Olympus, and by Laster Technologies.", "Optical head-mounted display __knowledge__ Various waveguide techniques have existed for some time.", "Optical head-mounted display __knowledge__ These techniques include diffraction optics, holographic optics, polarized optics, and reflective optics: Head-mounted displays are not designed to be workstations, and traditional input devices such as keyboards do not support the concept of smart glasses.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Presbyopia is a condition associated with aging of the eye that results in progressively worsening ability to focus clearly on close objects.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Symptoms include difficulty reading small print, having to hold reading material farther away, headaches, and eyestrain.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Different people will have different degrees of problems.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Other types of refractive errors may exist at the same time as presbyopia.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ Presbyopia is a natural part of the aging process.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ It is due to hardening of the lens of the eye causing the eye to focus light behind rather than on the retina when looking at close objects.", "Presbyopia __knowledge__ It is a type of refractive error along with nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Para-equestrian classification is a system for para-equestrian sport is a graded system based on the degree of physical or visual disability and handled at the international level by the FEI.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ The sport has eligible classifications for people with physical and vision disabilities.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ Groups of eligible riders include The sport is open to competitors with impaired muscle power, athetosis, impaired passive range of movement, hypertonia, limb deficiency, ataxia, leg length difference, short stature, and vision impairment.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ They are grouped into five different classes to allow fair competition.", "Para-equestrian classification __knowledge__ These classes are Grade Ia, Grade Ib, Grade II, Grade III, and Grade IV.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ The Paralympic Games is a major international multi-sport event involving athletes with a range of disabilities, including impaired muscle power (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ paraplegia and quadriplegia, muscular dystrophy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida), impaired passive range of movement, limb deficiency (e.g.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ amputation or dysmelia), leg length difference, short stature, hypertonia, ataxia, athetosis, vision impairment and intellectual impairment.", "Paralympic Games __knowledge__ There are Winter and Summer Paralympic Games, which since the 1988 Summer Games in Seoul, South Korea, are held almost immediately following the respective Olympic Games.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Vision rehabilitation (often called vision rehab) is a term for a medical rehabilitation to improve vision or low vision.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ In other words, it is the process of restoring functional ability and improving quality of life and independence in an individual who has lost visual function through illness or injury.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Most visual rehabilitation services are focused on low vision, which is a visual impairment that cannot be fully corrected by regular eyeglasses, contact lenses, medication, or surgery.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Low vision interferes with the ability to perform everyday activities.", "Vision rehabilitation __knowledge__ Visual impairment is caused by factors including brain damage, vision loss, and others.", "National Eye Institute __knowledge__ The National Eye Institute (NEI) was established in 1968 and is located in Bethesda, Maryland.", "National Eye Institute __knowledge__ The NEI is one of 27 institutes and centers of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), an agency of the US Department of Health and Human Services.", "National Eye Institute __knowledge__ The mission of NEI is to prolong and protect the vision of the American people.", "National Eye Institute __knowledge__ The NEI conducts and performs research into treating and preventing diseases affecting the eye or vision.", "National Eye Institute __knowledge__ Before the NEI was established, primary responsibility for vision research at NIH was done by the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Blindness (NINDB) (which is now known as the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke).", "Para-equestrian __knowledge__ Para-equestrian is an equestrian sport governed by the International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI), and includes two competitive events: One is para-equestrian dressage, which is conducted under the same basic rules as conventional dressage, but with riders divided into different competition grades based on their functional abilities.", "Para-equestrian __knowledge__ The other is para-equestrian driving, which operates under the same basic rules as combined driving but places competitors in various grades based on their functional abilities.", "Para-equestrian __knowledge__ The first official Paralympic Games was held in Rome in 1960.", "Para-equestrian __knowledge__ The Games were initially open only to athletes in wheelchairs; at the 1976 Summer Games, athletes with different disabilities were included for the first time at a Summer Paralympics.", "Para-Nordic skiing classification __knowledge__ Para-Nordic skiing classification is the classification system for para-Nordic skiing which includes the biathlon and cross country events.", "Para-Nordic skiing classification __knowledge__ The classifications for Para-Nordic skiing mirrors the classifications for Para-Alpine skiing with some exceptions.", "Para-Nordic skiing classification __knowledge__ A functional mobility and medical classification is in use, with skiers being divided into three groups: standing skiers, sit skiers and visually impaired skiers.", "Para-Nordic skiing classification __knowledge__ International classification is governed by International Paralympic Committee, Nordic Skiing (IPC-NS).", "Para-Nordic skiing classification __knowledge__ Other classification is handled by national bodies.", "Para-Nordic skiing classification __knowledge__ Before the IPC-NS took over classification, a number of organizations handled classification based on the type of disability." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss, is a decreased ability to see to a degree that causes problems not fixable by usual means, such as glasses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses or contact lenses.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment is often defined as a best corrected visual acuity of worse than either 20/40 or 20/60.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The term blindness is used for complete or nearly complete vision loss.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment may cause people difficulties with normal daily activities such as driving, reading, socializing, and walking.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ The most common causes of visual impairment globally are uncorrected refractive errors (43%), cataracts (33%), and glaucoma (2%).", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Refractive errors include near sighted, far sighted, presbyopia, and astigmatism.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Cataracts are the most common cause of blindness.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Other disorders that may cause visual problems include age related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, corneal clouding, childhood blindness, and a number of infections.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ Visual impairment can also be caused by problems in the brain due to stroke, premature birth, or trauma among others.", "Visual impairment __knowledge__ These cases are known as cortical visual impairment.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Stone is a 2010 U.S. crime thriller film directed by John Curran and starring Robert De Niro, Edward Norton and Milla Jovovich.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Most of the filming was done in Washtenaw County, Michigan.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ This was the final film to be released by Overture Films.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ Young mother Madylyn Mabry puts her daughter to bed while her husband Jack watches golf on television.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ A bee buzzes around the window as she stays with her girl.", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ After the child is asleep, she goes downstairs and announces she's leaving, saying \"You keep my soul in a dungeon.\"", "Stone (2010 film) __knowledge__ He takes a moment to disconnect from the game, then runs upstairs to the bedroom and holds their daughter out the window, threatening to drop her if Madylyn leaves.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Robert James Smith (born 21 April 1959) is an English singer, songwriter and musician.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He is the lead singer, guitarist, multi instrumentalist, lyricist, principal songwriter and only consistent member of the rock band The Cure, which he co-founded in 1976.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ He was also the lead guitarist for the band Siouxsie and the Banshees from 1982 to 1984 and was part of the short-lived group The Glove in 1983.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith is known for his distinctive voice and unique stage look, the latter of which was influential on the Goth subculture that rose to prominence in the 1980s.", "Robert Smith (musician) __knowledge__ Smith was born in the Lancashire town of Blackpool and is the third of four children born to James Alexander and Rita Mary (née Emmott) Smith.", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the Sci Fi Channel game show \"Cha$e\".", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ Gameboard: The Harbor 1.0 \"Note: In this and subsequent tables, \"Lost\" means the player had not been captured when the game ended (either as time expired or a contestant reached the exit point).", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ Map: Terminal Island, a deserted seaside port with two ferries provided for easy shuttling.", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ Only three contestants could ride a ferry at once, and none of the hunters could board them.", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ The contestants' first mission was to arrange barrels in a specific order.", "List of Cha$e episodes __knowledge__ Midway through the first mission, the first two hunters, Grant and Vazquez, were released.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ Design Manchester is a not-for-profit organisation established to showcase design talent; support design skills, careers & enterprise; advance the contribution of design in the city and the regional economy; and promote the role of Manchester as a design city internationally.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ It has a year-round programme of activities and events and organises Manchester’s annual citywide festival of design.", "Design Manchester __knowledge__ In 2013, graphic designers John Owens and Malcolm Garrett RDI and media publicist Fiona McGarva were asked by Professor David Crow, then the Dean of Manchester School of Art, to organise an event to mark the School’s 175th anniversary and the opening of the new Benzie Building designed by Feilden Clegg Bradley Studios.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is the decreased ability to see color or differences in color.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Color blindness can make some educational activities difficult.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Buying fruit, picking clothing, and reading traffic lights can be more challenging, for example.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ Problems, however, are generally minor and most people adapt.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ People with total color blindness, however, may also have decreased visual acuity and be uncomfortable in bright environments.", "Color blindness __knowledge__ The most common cause of color blindness is an inherited fault in the development of one or more of the three sets of color sensing cones in the eye.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic in horses is defined as abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The term colic can encompass all forms of gastrointestinal conditions which cause pain as well as other causes of abdominal pain not involving the gastrointestinal tract.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The most common forms of colic are gastrointestinal in nature and are most often related to colonic disturbance.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ There are a variety of different causes of colic, some of which can prove fatal without surgical intervention.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic surgery is usually an expensive procedure as it is major abdominal surgery, often with intensive aftercare.", "Stroke __knowledge__ Stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.", "Stroke __knowledge__ There are two main types of stroke: ischemic, due to lack of blood flow, and hemorrhagic, due to bleeding.", "Stroke __knowledge__ They result in part of the brain not functioning properly.", "Stroke __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms of a stroke may include an inability to move or feel on one side of the body, problems understanding or speaking, feeling like the world is spinning, or loss of vision to one side.", "Stroke __knowledge__ Signs and symptoms often appear soon after the stroke has occurred.", "Stroke __knowledge__ If symptoms last less than one or two hours it is known as a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or mini-stroke.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Borderline personality disorder (BPD), also known as emotionally unstable personality disorder (EUPD), is a long-term pattern of abnormal behavior characterized by unstable relationships with other people, unstable sense of self, and unstable emotions.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ There is frequent dangerous behavior and self-harm.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ People may also struggle with a feeling of emptiness and a fear of abandonment.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Symptoms may be brought on by seemingly normal events.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ The behavior typically begins by early adulthood, and occurs across a variety of situations.", "Borderline personality disorder __knowledge__ Substance abuse, depression, and eating disorders are commonly associated with BPD.", "Uranium mining __knowledge__ Uranium mining is the process of extraction of uranium ore from the ground.", "Uranium mining __knowledge__ The worldwide production of uranium in 2015 amounted to 60,496 tonnes.", "Uranium mining __knowledge__ Kazakhstan, Canada, and Australia are the top three producers and together account for 70% of world uranium production.", "Uranium mining __knowledge__ Other important uranium producing countries in excess of 1,000 tons per year are Niger, Russia, Namibia, Uzbekistan, China, the United States and Ukraine.", "Uranium mining __knowledge__ Uranium from mining is used almost entirely as fuel for nuclear power plants.", "Uranium mining __knowledge__ Uranium ores are normally processed by grinding the ore materials to a uniform particle size and then treating the ore to extract the uranium by chemical leaching.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses, also known as eyeglasses or spectacles, are devices consisting of glass or hard plastic lenses mounted in a frame that holds them in front of a person's eyes, typically using a bridge over the nose and arms which rest over the ears.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Glasses are typically used for vision correction, such as with reading glasses and glasses used for nearsightedness.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Safety glasses provide eye protection against flying debris for construction workers or lab technicians; these glasses may have protection for the sides of the eyes as well as in the lenses.", "Glasses __knowledge__ Some types of safety glasses are used to protect against visible and near-visible light or radiation." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4 ]

[ "I have a Visual impairment, also known as vision impairment or vision loss,", "I have heard Some also include those who have a decreased ability to see because they do not have access to glasses. Mine might cause me to go blind", "Yeah the term blindness for complete or nearly complete vision loss." ]

[ "Visual impairment", "Visual impairment", "Visual impairment" ]

[ "Algeria", "wow thats really neat I would love to visit africa. I am from Louisiana. It is very hot here too!", "We have amazing food. Very spicy! I love Jambalaya the best! Mardi Gras can get a little crazy but some people like it", "oh corn bread!! I love corn bread. It is great with Red Beans and Rice with sausage. Yum! What is some good food from Algeria?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria ( '; '; ), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country.", "Algeria __knowledge__ With an area of , Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Africa since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (counties).", "Algeria __knowledge__ Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is a regional and middle power.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The North African country supplies large amounts of natural gas to Europe, and energy exports are the backbone of the economy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria ( '; '; ), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country.", "Algeria __knowledge__ With an area of , Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Africa since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (counties).", "Algeria __knowledge__ Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is a regional and middle power.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The North African country supplies large amounts of natural gas to Europe, and energy exports are the backbone of the economy.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ Crackout were an English three-piece pop punk band, formed in Bicester, Oxfordshire in 1997.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ The band released two albums and a handful of singles, and toured with artists such as Sum 41, Seafood, Haven and Span before disbanding in late 2005.", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ The band, singer-guitarist Steven Eagles, drummer Nicholas Millard and bassist Rachel Lavelle, were all 16 years old when they signed to the Shifty Disco label after playing only eight gigs as 'Crackout' (named after 'Brian Krakow', a character in American TV teen drama, \"My So-Called Life\").", "Crackout (band) __knowledge__ Within four weeks of the record label first seeing the band live, they had recorded and released their debut \"Chuck\" single.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ \"Black Cat\" is a song by American singer Janet Jackson, released as the sixth single from her fourth studio album \"Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814\" (1989).", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Jackson, and produced by Jackson with Jellybean Johnson.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ In a departure from her standard of industrial-based dance-pop, \"Black Cat\" is a pastiche of hard rock and heavy metal with influences of punk, dance-rock, and glam metal.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ Its lyrics speak of substance abuse and gang violence.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ It was the final song recorded for the album, after Jackson composed its main riff when desiring a rock song to complete the record.", "Black Cat (song) __knowledge__ \"Black Cat\" was well received among critics, who praised Jackson's \"maximum advantage\" vocals and her seamless foray into the hard rock genre.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ This is a list of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ Pope Francis' visit to the Philippines in January 2015 included the largest papal event in history with around 6–7 million attendees in his final mass at Manila, surpassing the then-largest papal event at World Youth Day 1995 in the same venue 20 years earlier.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ Francis visited Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for World Youth Day.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ This was the only scheduled foreign trip for him in the year.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ Francis was officially welcomed to Brazil during a ceremony at Guanabara palace and met with Brazilian president Dilma Rousseff.", "List of pastoral visits of Pope Francis outside Italy __knowledge__ Throughout the celebrations, Francis gathered up to 3.5 million pilgrims to celebrate mass at Copacabana Beach.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "Africa __knowledge__ Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (the first being Asia in both categories).", "Africa __knowledge__ At about 30.3 million km (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of its total land area.", "Africa __knowledge__ With /1e9 round 1 billion people as of , it accounts for about 16% of the world's human population.", "Africa __knowledge__ The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, both the Suez Canal and the Red Sea along the Sinai Peninsula to the northeast, the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.", "Africa __knowledge__ The continent includes Madagascar and various archipelagos.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The history of Africa begins with the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" in East Africa, and continues into the present as a patchwork of diverse and politically developing nation states.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ The recorded history of early civilization arose in the Kingdom of Kush, and later in Ancient Egypt, the Sahel, the Maghreb and the Horn of Africa.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ During the Middle Ages, Islam spread west from Arabia to Egypt, crossing the Maghreb and the Sahel.", "History of Africa __knowledge__ Some notable pre-colonial states and societies in Africa include the Ajuran Empire, D'mt, Adal Sultanate, Warsangali Sultanate, Kingdom of Nri, Nok culture, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, Benin Empire, Ashanti Empire, Ghana Empire, Mossi Kingdoms, Mutapa Empire, Kingdom of Mapungubwe, Kingdom of Sine, Kingdom of Sennar, Kingdom of Saloum, Kingdom of Baol, Kingdom of Cayor, Kingdom of Zimbabwe, Kingdom of Kongo, Empire of Kaabu, Ancient Carthage, Numidia, Mauretania, and the Aksumite Empire.", "North Africa __knowledge__ North Africa is a collective term for a group of Mediterranean countries situated in the northern-most region of the African continent.", "North Africa __knowledge__ The term \"North Africa\" has no single accepted definition.", "North Africa __knowledge__ It is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Morocco in the west, to the Suez Canal and the Red Sea in the east.", "North Africa __knowledge__ Others have limited it to the countries of Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, a region known by the French during colonial times as “Afrique du Nord” and by the Arabs as the Maghreb (“West”).", "North Africa __knowledge__ The most commonly accepted definition includes Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, as well as Libya and Egypt.", "Berbers __knowledge__ Berbers or Amazighs ( \"Imaziɣen\"; singular: ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ \"Amaziɣ\" / \"Amazigh\") are an ethnic group indigenous to North Africa, primarily inhabiting the Maghreb.", "Berbers __knowledge__ They are distributed in an area stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Siwa Oasis in Egypt, and from the Mediterranean Sea to the Niger River in West Africa.", "Berbers __knowledge__ Historically, they spoke Berber languages, which together form the Berber branch of the Afroasiatic family.", "Berbers __knowledge__ Since the Muslim conquest of North Africa in the seventh century, a large number of Berbers inhabiting the Maghreb (Tamazgha) have in varying degrees used as lingua franca the other languages spoken in North Africa.", "Climate of Africa __knowledge__ Owing to Africa's position across equatorial and subtropical latitudes in both the northern and southern hemisphere, several different climate types can be found within it.", "Climate of Africa __knowledge__ The continent mainly lies within the intertropical zone between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.", "Climate of Africa __knowledge__ Hence, its solar radiation intensity is always high, and it is a hot continent.", "Climate of Africa __knowledge__ Warm and hot climates prevail all over Africa, but the northern part is that most marked by aridity and high temperatures.", "Climate of Africa __knowledge__ Only the northernmost and the southernmost fringes of the continent have a Mediterranean climate.The equator in the middle of Africa running through making it the most tropical continents of all continents.", "White Africans of European ancestry __knowledge__ White Africans are people of European descent residing in, or hailing from, Africa who identify themselves as white.", "White Africans of European ancestry __knowledge__ In 1989, there were an estimated 5.6 million Africans of European ancestry on the continent.", "White Africans of European ancestry __knowledge__ Most are of Dutch, British, Portuguese, German, French, and to a lesser extent, Italian, Spanish, Greek or Irish descent.", "White Africans of European ancestry __knowledge__ The majority once lived along the Mediterranean coast, in South Africa, or in Rhodesia.", "White Africans of European ancestry __knowledge__ The earliest permanent European communities in Africa were formed at the Cape of Good Hope; Luanda, in Angola; São Tomé Island; and Santiago, Cape Verde through the introduction of Portuguese and Dutch traders or military personnel." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria ( '; '; ), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country.", "Algeria __knowledge__ With an area of , Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Africa since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (counties).", "Algeria __knowledge__ Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is a regional and middle power.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The North African country supplies large amounts of natural gas to Europe, and energy exports are the backbone of the economy.", "Mardi Gras in the United States __knowledge__ Mardi Gras in the United States is not observed nationally across the country, however a number of cities and regions in the U.S. have notable Carnival celebrations.", "Mardi Gras in the United States __knowledge__ Most trace their Mardi Gras celebrations to French, Spanish, and other colonial influences on the settlements over their history.", "Mardi Gras in the United States __knowledge__ The earliest Carnival celebration in North America occurred at a place on the west bank of the Mississippi river about 60 miles (96.6 kilometers) downriver from where New Orleans is today; this Mardi Gras on the 3rd of March 1699 and in honor of this holiday, Iberville named the spot Point du Mardi Gras (French: \"Mardi Gras Point\").", "Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras __knowledge__ The Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras, at one stage temporarily the Sydney Mardi Gras, or locally Mardi Gras, is an annual LGBT pride parade and festival in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, attended by hundreds of thousands of people from around Australia and overseas.", "Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras __knowledge__ It is one of the largest such festivals in the world, and includes a variety of events such as the Sydney Mardi Gras Parade and Party, Bondi Beach Drag Races, Harbour Party, the academic discussion panel \"Queer Thinking\", Mardi Gras Film Festival, as well as Fair Day, which attracts 70,000 people to Victoria Park, Sydney.", "Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras __knowledge__ The Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras is one of Australia's biggest tourist drawcards, with the parade and dance party attracting many international and domestic tourists.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ Mardi Gras is the annual Carnival celebration in Mobile, Alabama.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ It is the oldest annual Carnival celebration in the United States, started by Frenchman Nicholas Langlois in 1703 when Mobile was the capital of Louisiana.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ This was fifteen years before New Orleans was founded, although today their celebrations are much more widely known for all the current traditions such as masked balls, parades, floats and throws were first created there.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ From Mobile being the first capital of French Louisiana (1702), the festival began as a French Catholic tradition.", "Mardi Gras in Mobile, Alabama __knowledge__ Mardi Gras in Mobile has now evolved into a mainstream multi-week celebration across the spectrum of cultures in Mobile, becoming school holidays for the final Monday and Tuesday (some include Wednesday), regardless of religious affiliation.", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ The Courir de Mardi Gras ( ) is a traditional Mardi Gras event held in many Cajun communities of south Louisiana on the Tuesday before Ash Wednesday.", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ Courir de Mardi Gras is Cajun French for \"Fat Tuesday Run\".", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ The rural Mardi Gras celebration is based on early begging rituals, similar to those still celebrated by mummers, wassailers and celebrants of Halloween.", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ As Mardi Gras is the celebration of the final day before Lent, celebrants drink and eat heavily, and also dress in specialized costumes, ostensibly to protect their identities.", "Courir de Mardi Gras __knowledge__ Popular practices include wearing masks, capuchons, and costumes, overturning social conventions, dancing, drinking alcohol, begging, feasting, whipping, etc.", "Mardi Gras in New Orleans __knowledge__ The holiday of Mardi Gras is celebrated in Southern Louisiana, including the city of New Orleans.", "Mardi Gras in New Orleans __knowledge__ Celebrations are concentrated for about two weeks before and through Shrove Tuesday, the day before Ash Wednesday (the start of lent in the Catholic tradition).", "Mardi Gras in New Orleans __knowledge__ Usually there is one major parade each day (weather permitting); many days have several large parades.", "Mardi Gras in New Orleans __knowledge__ The largest and most elaborate parades take place the last five days of the Mardi Gras season.", "Mardi Gras in New Orleans __knowledge__ In the final week, many events occur throughout New Orleans and surrounding communities, including parades and balls (some of them masquerade balls).", "Mardi Gras __knowledge__ Mardi Gras (), also called Shrove Tuesday, or Fat Tuesday, in English, refers to events of the Carnival celebrations, beginning on or after the Christian feasts of the Epiphany (Three Kings Day) and culminating on the day before Ash Wednesday.", "Mardi Gras __knowledge__ is French for \"Fat Tuesday\", reflecting the practice of the last night of eating richer, fatty foods before the ritual fasting of the Lenten season.", "Mardi Gras __knowledge__ Related popular practices are associated with Shrovetide celebrations before the fasting and religious obligations associated with the penitential season of Lent.", "Mardi Gras __knowledge__ In countries such as the United Kingdom, Mardi Gras is also known as Shrove Tuesday, which is derived from the word \"shrive\", meaning \"confess\".", "Louisiana Creole people __knowledge__ Louisiana Creole people (, ), are persons descended from the inhabitants of colonial Louisiana during the period of both French and Spanish rule.", "Louisiana Creole people __knowledge__ The term \"creole\" was originally used by French settlers to distinguish persons born in Louisiana from those born in the mother country or elsewhere.", "Louisiana Creole people __knowledge__ As in many other colonial societies around the world, \"creole\" was a term used to mean those who were \"native-born\".", "Louisiana Creole people __knowledge__ It also came to be applied to African-descended slaves and Native Americans who were born in Louisiana.", "Louisiana Creole people __knowledge__ Louisiana Creoles share cultural ties such as the traditional use of the French and Louisiana Creole languages and predominant practice of Catholicism.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ New Orleans (, or ; ) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The population of the city was 343,829 as of the 2010 U.S. Census.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans metropolitan area (New Orleans–Metairie–Kenner Metropolitan Statistical Area) had a population of 1,167,764 in 2010 and was the 46th largest in the United States.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ The New Orleans–Metairie–Bogalusa Combined Statistical Area, a larger trading area, had a 2010 population of 1,452,502.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ Before Hurricane Katrina, Orleans Parish was the most populous parish in Louisiana.", "New Orleans __knowledge__ As of 2015, it ranked third, trailing neighboring Jefferson Parish and East Baton Rouge Parish.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo is a stew popular in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and that state's official state cuisine.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ It may have originated in southern Louisiana during the 18th century, possibly as a stew of the Choctaws served over corn grits.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo consists primarily of a strongly-flavored stock, meat or shellfish, a thickener, and what Louisianians call the \"Holy Trinity\" of vegetables, namely celery, bell peppers, and onions.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo is often categorized by the type of thickener used, the okra, the filé powder (dried and ground sassafras leaves), or roux, the French base made of flour and fat.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ The dish likely derived its name from either a word from a Bantu language for okra (\"ki ngombo\") or the Choctaw word for filé (\"kombo\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria ( '; '; ), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The capital and most populous city is Algiers, located in the far north of the country.", "Algeria __knowledge__ With an area of , Algeria is the tenth-largest country in the world, and the largest in Africa since South Sudan became independent from Sudan in 2011.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is bordered to the northeast by Tunisia, to the east by Libya, to the west by Morocco, to the southwest by the Western Saharan territory, Mauritania, and Mali, to the southeast by Niger, and to the north by the Mediterranean Sea.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The country is a semi-presidential republic consisting of 48 provinces and 1,541 communes (counties).", "Algeria __knowledge__ Abdelaziz Bouteflika has been President since 1999.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Ancient Algeria has known many empires and dynasties, including ancient Numidians, Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Vandals, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Rustamid, Fatimids, Zirid, Hammadids, Almoravids, Almohads, Spaniards, Ottomans and the French colonial empire.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Berbers are the indigenous inhabitants of Algeria.", "Algeria __knowledge__ Algeria is a regional and middle power.", "Algeria __knowledge__ The North African country supplies large amounts of natural gas to Europe, and energy exports are the backbone of the economy.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Field ration __knowledge__ A field ration, combat ration or ration pack is a canned or pre-packaged meal, easily prepared and eaten, transported by military troops on the battlefield.", "Field ration __knowledge__ They are distinguished from regular military rations by virtue of being designed for minimal preparation in the field, using canned, pre-cooked or freeze-dried foods, powdered beverage mixes and concentrated food bars, as well as for long shelf life.", "Field ration __knowledge__ Such meals also prove invaluable for disaster relief operations, where large stocks of these can be ferried and distributed easily, and provide basic nutritional support to victims before kitchens can be set up to produce fresh food.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin American cuisine is the typical foods, beverages, and cooking styles common to many of the countries and cultures in Latin America.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Latin America is a highly diverse area of land that holds various cuisines that vary from nation to nation.", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ Some items typical of Latin American cuisine include maize-based dishes arepas, pupusas, tacos, tamales, tortillas and various salsas and other condiments (guacamole, pico de gallo, mole, chimichurri, chili, aji, pebre).", "Latin American cuisine __knowledge__ These spices are generally what give the Latin American cuisines a distinct flavor; yet, each country of Latin America tends to use a different spice and those that share spices tend to use them at different quantities.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ Filipino cuisine (Filipino: \"Lutuing Filipino\" or \"Pagkaing Filipino\") is composed of the cuisines of 135 distinct ethno-linguistic tribes found within the Philippine archipelago, however, majority of mainstream Filipino dishes that compose Filipino cuisine are from the cuisines of the Bikol, Chabakano, Hiligaynon, Ilokano, Kapampangan, Meranaw, Pangasinan, Sebwano (or Bisaya), Tagalog, and Waray ethno-linguistic tribes.", "Filipino cuisine __knowledge__ The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their Austronesian origins (shared with Malaysian and Indonesian cuisines) to a mixed cuisine of Indian, Chinese, Spanish, and American influences, in line with the major waves of influence that had enriched the cultures of the archipelago, as well as others adapted to indigenous ingredients and the local palate.", "Sausage __knowledge__ A sausage is a cylindrical meat product usually made from ground meat, often pork, beef, or veal, along with salt, spices and other flavourings, and breadcrumbs, encased by a skin.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Typically, a sausage is formed in a casing traditionally made from intestine, but sometimes from synthetic materials.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages that are sold raw are cooked in many ways, including pan-frying, broiling and barbecuing.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Some sausages are cooked during processing and the casing may then be removed.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausage making is a traditional food preservation technique.", "Sausage __knowledge__ Sausages may be preserved by curing, drying (often in association with fermentation or culturing, which can contribute to preservation), smoking, or freezing.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo is a stew popular in the U.S. state of Louisiana, and that state's official state cuisine.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ It may have originated in southern Louisiana during the 18th century, possibly as a stew of the Choctaws served over corn grits.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo consists primarily of a strongly-flavored stock, meat or shellfish, a thickener, and what Louisianians call the \"Holy Trinity\" of vegetables, namely celery, bell peppers, and onions.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ Gumbo is often categorized by the type of thickener used, the okra, the filé powder (dried and ground sassafras leaves), or roux, the French base made of flour and fat.", "Gumbo __knowledge__ The dish likely derived its name from either a word from a Bantu language for okra (\"ki ngombo\") or the Choctaw word for filé (\"kombo\").", "Choctaw __knowledge__ The Choctaw (In the Choctaw language, Chahta) are a Native American people originally occupying what is now the Southeastern United States (modern-day Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana).", "Choctaw __knowledge__ Their Choctaw language belongs to the Muskogean language family group.", "Choctaw __knowledge__ The Choctaw are descendants of the peoples of the Hopewell and Mississippian cultures, who lived throughout the east of the Mississippi River valley and its tributaries.", "Choctaw __knowledge__ About 1,700 years ago, the Hopewell people built Nanih Waiya, a great earthwork mound located in what is central present-day Mississippi.", "Choctaw __knowledge__ It is still considered sacred by the Choctaw.", "Filé powder __knowledge__ Filé powder, also called gumbo filé, is a spicy herb made from the dried and ground leaves of the North American sassafras tree \"(Sassafras albidum)\".", "Filé powder __knowledge__ Filé powder is used in Louisiana Creole cuisine in the making of some types of gumbo, a thick Creole soup or stew often served over rice.", "Filé powder __knowledge__ Several different varieties exist.", "Filé powder __knowledge__ In New Orleans, what is known as Creole gumbo generally varies from house to house though still retaining its African and Native American origins.", "Filé powder __knowledge__ The Creoles of Cane River make a gumbo focused much more on filé.", "Filé powder __knowledge__ Filé can provide thickening when okra is not in season, in types of gumbo that use okra or a roux as a thickener for gumbo instead of filé.", "Maize __knowledge__ Maize ( ; \"Zea mays\" subsp.", "Maize __knowledge__ \"mays\", from after Taíno \"mahiz\"), also known as corn, is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.", "Maize __knowledge__ The leafy stalk of the plant produces separate pollen and ovuliferous inflorescences or ears, which are fruits, yielding kernels or seeds.", "Maize __knowledge__ Maize has become a staple food in many parts of the world, with total production surpassing that of wheat or rice.", "Maize __knowledge__ However, not all of this maize is consumed directly by humans.", "Maize __knowledge__ Some of the maize production is used for corn ethanol, animal feed and other , such as corn starch and corn syrup.", "California Trail __knowledge__ The California Trail was an emigrant trail of about across the western half of the North American continent from Missouri River towns to what is now the state of California.", "California Trail __knowledge__ After it was established, the first half of the California Trail followed the same corridor of networked river valley trails as the Oregon Trail and the Mormon Trail, namely the valleys of the Platte, North Platte and Sweetwater rivers to Wyoming.", "California Trail __knowledge__ In the present states of Wyoming, Idaho, and Utah, the California and Oregon trails split into several different trails or cutoffs.", "California Trail __knowledge__ By 1847, two former fur trading frontier forts marked trailheads for major alternative routes through Utah and Wyoming to Northern California.", "Grits __knowledge__ Grits are a food made from corn (maize) that is ground into a coarse meal and then boiled.", "Grits __knowledge__ Hominy grits are a type of grits made from hominy (corn that has been treated with an alkali in a process called nixtamalization) with the germ removed.", "Grits __knowledge__ Grits are often served with other flavorings as a breakfast dish, usually savory.", "Grits __knowledge__ Grits originated in the Southern United States but now are available nationwide.", "Grits __knowledge__ Grits are popular as a dinner entrée, shrimp and grits, served primarily in the Southern United States.", "Grits __knowledge__ Grits should not be confused with boiled ground corn, which makes \"hasty pudding\" or \"mush\" or when using coarse ground corn, which may be made into polenta, or the \"mush\" made from more finely ground corn meal." ] ]

[ 1, 0, 48, 0 ]

[ "Hi! I am from Algeria, its a country in North Africa! It's such a hot continent to be on, where are you from?!", "I've heard that Louisiana has swamps and the best gumbo in the south! I'd love to go to Louisiana especially for New Orleans for Mardi Gras! ", "Not much of a wild person, but I enjoy the occasional wild day. I love gumbo though! It was invented in the 18th century from the Choctaws to be served over corn grits. I think that's how we got corn bread!", "Alergia has Fresh Sweet Dates and a lot of our food is mixed with fresh mint!" ]

[ "Algeria", "Algeria", "Algeria", "Algeria" ]

[ "Giant panda", "I love pandas. They are so cute. Are they an important part of Asian culture?", "That is sad to hear. I know that there is deforestation occurring in Amazon rainforest." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "Nora Wall __knowledge__ Nora Wall (formerly Sister Dominic) (born 1948) is a former Irish nun of the Sisters of Mercy who was wrongfully convicted of rape in June 1999, and served four days of a life sentence in July 1999, before her conviction was quashed.", "Nora Wall __knowledge__ She was officially declared the victim of a miscarriage of justice in December 2005.", "Nora Wall __knowledge__ The wrongful conviction was based on false allegations by two women in their 20s, Regina Walsh (born 8 January 1978) and Patricia Phelan (born 1973).", "Nora Wall __knowledge__ Walsh had a psychiatric history and Phelan had a history of making false allegations of rape prior to the event.", "Nora Wall __knowledge__ Phelan subsequently admitted to having lied.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Currently, there are 25 zoos in 17 countries (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, China (Hong Kong), France, Germany, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, United Kingdom (Scotland), and United States) that have giant pandas.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Finland received its first two pandas in January 2018.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ These zoos have contracts with China to house these pandas for a few years.", "Giant pandas around the world __knowledge__ Giant pandas are on the IUCN Red List so part of the reason these contracts exist between China and international zoos, is to try to help the species reproduce before they are brought back to their native land.", "PANDAS __knowledge__ Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is a hypothesis that there exists a subset of children with rapid onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or tic disorders and these symptoms are caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infections.", "PANDAS __knowledge__ The proposed link between infection and these disorders is that an initial autoimmune reaction to a GABHS infection produces antibodies that interfere with basal ganglia function, causing symptom exacerbations.", "PANDAS __knowledge__ It has been proposed that this autoimmune response can result in a broad range of neuropsychiatric symptoms.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ Panda diplomacy is China's use of giant pandas as diplomatic gifts to other countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The practice existed as far back as the Tang Dynasty, when Empress Wu Zetian (625–705) sent a pair of pandas to the Japanese emperor.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ The People's Republic of China used panda diplomacy in the 1950s and has become known in recent decades for this practice.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ From 1958 to 1982, China gave 23 pandas to nine different countries.", "Panda diplomacy __knowledge__ One highlight of panda diplomacy was the Chinese government's gift of two pandas, Ling-Ling and Hsing-Hsing, to the United States in 1972 after President Richard Nixon's historic visit to China (President Nixon reciprocated by sending back a pair of musk oxen).", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The cuteness culture, or \"kawaii\" aesthetic, has become a prominent aspect of Japanese popular culture, entertainment, clothing, food, toys, personal appearance and mannerisms.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The word \"kawaii\" originally derives from the phrase \"kao hayushi\", which literally means \"(one's) face (is) aglow,\" commonly used to refer to flushing or blushing of the face.", "Kawaii __knowledge__ The second morpheme is cognate with \"-bayu\" in \"mabayui\" (眩い, 目映い, or 目映ゆい) \"dazzling, glaring, blinding, too bright; dazzlingly beautiful\" (\"ma-\" is from 目 \"me\" \"eye\") and \"-hayu\" in \"omohayui\" (面映い or 面映ゆい) \"embarrassed/embarrassing, awkward, feeling self-conscious/making one feel self-conscious\" (\"omo-\" is from 面 \"omo\", an archaic word for \"face, looks, features; surface; image, semblance, vestige\").", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda (\"Ailurus fulgens\"), also called the lesser panda, the red bear-cat, and the red cat-bear, is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It has reddish-brown fur, a long, shaggy tail, and a waddling gait due to its shorter front legs; it is roughly the size of a domestic cat, though with a longer body and somewhat heavier.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is a solitary animal, mainly active from dusk to dawn, and is largely sedentary during the day.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression, although red pandas are protected by national laws in their range countries.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ Chengdu (), formerly romanized as Chengtu, is a sub-provincial city which serves as the capital of China's Sichuan province.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ It is one of the three most populous cities in Western China (the other two are Chongqing and Xi'an).", "Chengdu __knowledge__ , the administrative area houses 14,427,500 inhabitants, with an urban population of 10,152,632.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ At the time of the 2010 census, Chengdu was the 5th-most populous agglomeration in China, with 10,484,996 inhabitants in the built-up area including Xinjin County and Deyang's Guanghan City.", "Chengdu __knowledge__ The surrounding Chengdu Plain is also known as the \"Country of Heaven\" () and the \"Land of Abundance\".", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascaris shroederi, common name giant panda roundworm, is a roundworm (nematode), found ubiquitously in giant pandas of central China, the definitive hosts.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascaris larvae in paratenic hosts can migrate, causing visceral larva migrans (VLM).", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Baylisascariasis is characterized by the zoonotic infection of Baylisascaris roundworm humans, no cases have ever been reported globally.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ It is extremely dangerous to the host due to the ability of the parasite's larvae to migrate into brain tissue and cause damage.", "Baylisascaris shroederi __knowledge__ Concern for human infection is minimalized as there are very few giant pandas living today and most people do not encounter giant pandas in their everyday activities.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo, is one of the oldest zoos in the United States.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ It is part of the Smithsonian Institution and does not charge for admission.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ Founded in 1889, its mission is to \"provide engaging experiences with animals and create and share knowledge to save wildlife and habitats\".", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The National Zoo has two campuses.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The first is a urban park located at Rock Creek Park in Northwest Washington, D.C., 20 minutes from the National Mall by MetroRail.", "National Zoological Park (United States) __knowledge__ The other campus is the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI; formerly known as the Conservation and Research Center) in Front Royal, Virginia.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The Toronto Zoo is a zoo located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ Founded by Hugh A. Crothers, an industrialist who became the first Chairman of the Metro Toronto Zoological Society in 1966, the zoo opened on August 15, 1974 as the \"Metropolitan Toronto Zoo\", or simply \"Metro Toronto Zoo\", and is owned by the City of Toronto.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The word \"Metropolitan\" was dropped from its name when the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto was amalgamated to the current city in 1998.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ The zoo is located near the Rouge River, along the western border of Rouge Park in the city's east end district of Scarborough.", "Toronto Zoo __knowledge__ Encompassing , the Toronto Zoo is the largest zoo in Canada." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda (\"Ailuropoda melanoleuca\", \"black and white cat-foot\"; , \"big bear cat\"), also known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native to south central China.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ It is easily recognized by the large, distinctive black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The name \"giant panda\" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the unrelated red panda.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Though it belongs to the order Carnivora, the giant panda's diet is over 99% bamboo.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ Giant pandas in the wild will occasionally eat other grasses, wild tubers, or even meat in the form of birds, rodents, or carrion.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ In captivity, they may receive honey, eggs, fish, yams, shrub leaves, oranges, or bananas along with specially prepared food.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda lives in a few mountain ranges in central China, mainly in Sichuan, but also in neighbouring Shaanxi and Gansu.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As a result of farming, deforestation, and other development, the giant panda has been driven out of the lowland areas where it once lived.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ The giant panda is a conservation reliant vulnerable species.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ A 2007 report showed 239 pandas living in captivity inside China and another 27 outside the country.", "Giant panda __knowledge__ As of December 2014, 49 giant pandas lived in captivity outside China, living in 18 zoos in 13 different countries.", "Deforestation __knowledge__ Deforestation, clearance, or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use.", "Deforestation __knowledge__ Examples of deforestation include conversion of forestland to farms, ranches, or urban use.", "Deforestation __knowledge__ The most concentrated deforestation occurs in tropical rainforests.", "Deforestation __knowledge__ About 30% of Earth's land surface is covered by forests.", "Deforestation __knowledge__ Deforestation occurs for multiple reasons: trees are cut down to be used for building or sold as fuel (sometimes in the form of charcoal or timber), while cleared land is used as pasture for livestock and plantation.", "Deforestation __knowledge__ The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in habitat damage, biodiversity loss, and aridity.", "Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ The Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: ' or '; , ' or usually '; ; ), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America.", "Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ This basin encompasses , of which are covered by the rainforest.", "Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ This region includes territory belonging to nine nations.", "Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ The majority of the forest is contained within Brazil, with 60% of the rainforest, followed by Peru with 13%, Colombia with 10%, and with minor amounts in Venezuela, Ecuador, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana.", "Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ States or departments in four nations contain \"Amazonas\" in their names.", "Deforestation in Brazil __knowledge__ Brazil once had the highest deforestation rate in the world and in 2005 still had the largest area of forest removed annually.", "Deforestation in Brazil __knowledge__ Since 1970, over of the Amazon rainforest have been destroyed.", "Deforestation in Brazil __knowledge__ In 2012, the Amazon was approximately 5.4 million square kilometres, which is only 87% of the Amazon's original state.", "Deforestation in Brazil __knowledge__ Rainforests have decreased in size primarily due to deforestation.", "Deforestation in Brazil __knowledge__ Despite reductions in the rate of deforestation in the last ten years, the Amazon Rainforest will be reduced by 40% by 2030 at the current rate.", "Deforestation in Brazil __knowledge__ Between May 2000 and August 2006, Brazil lost nearly 150,000 square kilometres of forest, an area larger than that of Greece.", "Deforestation of the Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ The cattle sector of the Brazilian Amazon, incentivized by the international beef and leather trades, has been responsible for about 80% of all deforestation in the region, or about 14% of the world's total annual deforestation, making it the world's largest single driver of deforestation.", "Deforestation of the Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ By 1995, 70% of formerly forested land in the Amazon, and 9d been converted to cattle ranching.", "Deforestation of the Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ Much of the remaining deforestation within the Amazon has resulted from farmers clearing land for small-scale subsistence agriculture or mechanized cropland producing soy, palm, and other crops.", "Deforestation of the Amazon rainforest __knowledge__ In the pre-Columbian era, parts of the Amazon Rainforest were a densely populated open agriculturae.", "Conservation in Brazil __knowledge__ Even though progress has been made in conserving Brazil’s landscapes, the country still faces serious threats due to its historical land use.", "Conservation in Brazil __knowledge__ Amazonian forests substantially influence regional and global climates and deforesting this region is both a regional and global driver of climate change due to the high amounts of deforestation and habitat fragmentation that have occurred this region.", "Conservation in Brazil __knowledge__ Brazil has established an extensive network of protected areas which covers more than 2 million km2(25% of Brazil's national territory) and is divided almost equally between protected natural areas or conservation units and indigenous land (\"Terras Indígenas\").", "Birds of the Amazon __knowledge__ An immense number of bird species live in the Amazon rainforest and river basin (an area which is nominally home to one out of every ten known species of animal).", "Birds of the Amazon __knowledge__ Over 1,300 of these species are types of birds, which accounts for one-third of all bird species in the world.", "Birds of the Amazon __knowledge__ The diets of rainforest birds greatly differ between species, although, nuts, fruits and leaves are a common food for many birds in the Amazon.", "Birds of the Amazon __knowledge__ Birds migrate to the Amazon rainforest from the North or South.", "Birds of the Amazon __knowledge__ Amazon birds are threatened by deforestation since they primarily reside in the treetops.", "Birds of the Amazon __knowledge__ At its current rate of destruction, the rainforest will be gone in forty years.", "Amazon biome __knowledge__ The Amazon biome () contains the Amazon rainforest, an area of tropical rainforest, and other ecoregions that cover most of the Amazon basin and some adjacent areas to the north and east.", "Amazon biome __knowledge__ The biome contains blackwater and whitewater flooded forest, lowland and montane terra firme forest, bamboo and palm forest, savanna, sandy heath and alpine tundra.", "Amazon biome __knowledge__ Some areas are threatened by deforestation for timber and to make way for pasture or soybean plantations.", "Amazon biome __knowledge__ The Amazon biome has an area of .", "Amazon biome __knowledge__ The biome roughly corresponds to the Amazon basin, but excludes areas of the Andes to the west and cerrado (savannah) to the south, and includes lands to the northeast extending to the Atlantic ocean with similar vegetation to the Amazon basin.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the DreamWorks animated film media franchise \"Kung Fu Panda\", with their shorts and specials \"Secrets of the Furious Five\", \"Kung Fu Panda Holiday\", \"\", and \"\", as well as the video games and TV show \"\".", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ The world of \"Kung Fu Panda\" is a fantasized version of ancient China as typically depicted in the wuxia film genre populated by anthropomorphized Asian animals where the martial arts can have magical qualities on top of extraordinary physical prowess for those sufficiently skilled.", "List of Kung Fu Panda characters __knowledge__ Master Po Ping (Chinese for \"Precious Peace\"), born Lotus Shan, is the titular protagonist of the \"Kung Fu Panda\" franchise.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda (\"Ailurus fulgens\"), also called the lesser panda, the red bear-cat, and the red cat-bear, is a mammal native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It has reddish-brown fur, a long, shaggy tail, and a waddling gait due to its shorter front legs; it is roughly the size of a domestic cat, though with a longer body and somewhat heavier.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is arboreal, feeds mainly on bamboo, but also eats eggs, birds, and insects.", "Red panda __knowledge__ It is a solitary animal, mainly active from dusk to dawn, and is largely sedentary during the day.", "Red panda __knowledge__ The red panda has been classified as Endangered by the IUCN because its wild population is estimated at less than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression, although red pandas are protected by national laws in their range countries.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ China's vast and diverse landscape is home to a profound variety and abundance of wildlife.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ As of one of 17 megadiverse countries in the world, China has, according to one measure, some 7,516 species of vertebrates including 4,936 fish, 1,269 bird, 562 mammal, 403 reptile and 346 amphibian species.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ In terms of the number of species, China ranks third in the world in mammals, eighth in birds, seventh in reptiles and seventh in amphibians.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ In each category, China is the most biodiverse country outside of the tropics.", "Wildlife of China __knowledge__ Many species of animals are endemic to China, including the country's most famous wildlife species, the giant panda.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae.", "Bear __knowledge__ They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans.", "Bear __knowledge__ Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.", "Bear __knowledge__ Bears are found on the continents of North America, South America, Europe, and Asia.", "Bear __knowledge__ Common characteristics of modern bears include large bodies with stocky legs, long snouts, small rounded ears, shaggy hair, plantigrade paws with five nonretractile claws, and short tails.", "Bear __knowledge__ While the polar bear is mostly carnivorous, and the giant panda feeds almost entirely on bamboo, the remaining six species are omnivorous with varied diets.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Bao Bao (, meaning \"treasure\"; colloquially meaning \"baby\") is a female giant panda cub who was born at the National Zoo in Washington D.C.She was at the Zoo until February 2017, when she traveled to the China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda in Sichuan Province.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Bao Bao was born on August 23, 2013, at the National Zoo in Washington D.C.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ The cub of Mei Xiang and Tian Tian, Bao Bao is a result of artificial insemination of Mei Xiang on March 23, 2013.", "Bao Bao __knowledge__ Giant pandas are listed as vulnerable species, and are protected in part by conservation efforts at reservations and in zoos such as the Smithsonian National Zoo in Washington D.C. Bao Bao is one of only several hundred giant pandas alive today in captivity, among fewer than 2,000 giant pandas in the world, and one the first surviving panda cub born at the National Zoo since Tai Shan in 2005." ] ]

[ 1, 8, 11 ]

[ "Giant pandas are adorable. Those pandas from south central China make me smile. Do you like them?", "Well, unfortunately, due to deforestation, farming and other issues, the giant panda are a vulnerable species, as they have been pushed out of the areas they used to inhabit.", "Yes, and back in 2014, statistics show that there are only 49 giant pandas that live in captivity on the outskirts of China, while only 18 live in zoos in other countries. So sad!" ]

[ "Giant panda", "Giant panda", "Giant panda" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza is so delicious and I just love how many different toppings you can put on it.", "Without cheese? I can see why some people might want that but man that sounds depressing." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "The Pizza Head Show __knowledge__ The Pizza Head Show was the name of a live action spoof show used in Pizza Hut commercials from 1993 to 1997 to advertise their promotions and new kinds of pizza.", "The Pizza Head Show __knowledge__ The commercials starred a piece of pizza named Pizza Head, who had a face made out of different toppings and his pizza cutter nemesis named Steve who would try to cause him as much harm as possible.", "The Pizza Head Show __knowledge__ These advertising campaigns were from San Francisco's Goodby Silverstein & Partners were directed by Walter Williams in a style similar to his \"The Mr. Bill Show\", an early series of \"Saturday Night Live\" skits.", "The Pizza Head Show __knowledge__ A normal commercial would begin with Pizza Head saying something about the promotion, then Steve would somehow get involved demonstrating the promotion, with the help of an offscreen narrator.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ St. Louis-style pizza is a distinct type of pizza popular in the Midwestern American city of St. Louis, Missouri and surrounding areas.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The definitive characteristics of St. Louis-style pizza are a very thin cracker like crust made without yeast, the common (but not universal) use of Provel processed cheese, and pizzas cut into squares or rectangles instead of wedges.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The thin, cracker-like round crust is made without yeast, as opposed to a deep dish Chicago-style pizza or the thin but leavened New York-style pizza.", "St. Louis-style pizza __knowledge__ The crust of a St. Louis pizza is somewhat crisp and cannot be folded easily so the pizza is typically cut into three- or four-inch squares or rectangles instead of the pie-like wedges typical of many pizza styles.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza refers to several different styles of pizza developed in Chicago.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Arguably, the most famous of these is known as deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ The pan in which it is baked gives the pizza its characteristically high edge which gives a lot of space for large amounts of cheese and a chunky tomato sauce.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ Chicago-style pizza may be prepared in deep-dish style and as a stuffed pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ According to Tim Samuelson, Chicago's official cultural historian, there is not enough documentation to determine with certainty who invented Chicago-style deep-dish pizza.", "Chicago-style pizza __knowledge__ It is often reported that Chicago-style deep-dish pizza was invented at Pizzeria Uno in Chicago, in 1943, by Uno's founder Ike Sewell, a former University of Texas football star.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ Who Moved My Cheese?", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ An Amazing Way to Deal with Change in Your Work and in Your Life, published on September 8, 1998, is a motivational business fable.", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ The text describes change in one's work and life, and four typical reactions to those changes by two mice and two \"little people,\" during their hunt for cheese.", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ A \"New York Times\" business bestseller upon release, \"Who Moved My Cheese?\"", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ remained on the list for almost five years and spent over 200 weeks on \"Publishers Weekly\"'s hardcover nonfiction list.", "Who Moved My Cheese? __knowledge__ It has sold more than 26 million copies worldwide in 37 languages and remains one of the best-selling business books.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "David Lynch __knowledge__ David Keith Lynch (born January 20, 1946) is an American filmmaker, painter, musician, actor, and photographer.", "David Lynch __knowledge__ He has been described by \"The Guardian\" as \"the most important director of this era.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ AllMovie called him \"the Renaissance man of modern American filmmaking,\" while the success of his films has led to him being labelled \"the first popular Surrealist.\"", "David Lynch __knowledge__ Born to a middle-class family in Missoula, Montana, Lynch spent his childhood traveling around the United States, before going on to study painting at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia, where he first made the transition to producing short films.", "Graded absolutism __knowledge__ Graded absolutism is a theory of moral absolutism in Christian ethics which resolves the objection to absolutism that in moral conflicts we are obligated to opposites.", "Graded absolutism __knowledge__ Moral absolutism is the ethical view that certain actions are absolutely right or wrong regardless of other contexts such as their consequences or the intentions behind them.", "Graded absolutism __knowledge__ Graded absolutism is moral absolutism but qualifies that a moral absolute, like \"Do not kill,\" can be greater or lesser than another moral absolute, like \"Do not lie\".", "Graded absolutism __knowledge__ Also called contextual absolutism or the greater good view, is an alternative to the third alternative view and the lesser evil view, both discussed below, regarding moral conflict resolution.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The origin of speech refers to the more general problem of the origin of language in the context of the physiological development of the human speech organs such as the tongue, lips and vocal organs used to produce phonological units in all human languages.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Although related to the more general problem of the origin of language, the evolution of distinctively human speech capacities has become a distinct and in many ways separate area of scientific research.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ The topic is a separate one because language is not necessarily spoken: it can equally be written or signed.", "Origin of speech __knowledge__ Speech is in this sense optional, although it is the default modality for language.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ Sexuality in ancient Rome, and more broadly, \"sexual attitudes and behaviors in ancient Rome,\" are indicated by Roman art, literature and inscriptions, and to a lesser extent by archaeological remains such as erotic artifacts and architecture.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ It has sometimes been assumed that \"unlimited sexual license\" was characteristic of ancient Rome; Verstraete and Provençal express the opinion that this perspective was simply a Christian interpretation: \"The sexuality of the Romans has never had good press in the West ever since the rise of Christianity.", "Sexuality in ancient Rome __knowledge__ In the popular imagination and culture, it is synonymous with sexual license and abuse.\"", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Medieval cuisine includes foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of various European cultures during the Middle Ages, which lasted from the fifth to the fifteenth century.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ During this period, diets and cooking changed less than they did in the early modern period that followed, when those changes helped lay the foundations for modern European cuisine.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Cereals remained the most important staple during the early Middle Ages as rice was introduced late, and the potato was only introduced in 1536, with a much later date for widespread consumption.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Barley, oat and rye were eaten by the poor.", "Medieval cuisine __knowledge__ Wheat was for the governing classes.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine comprises a wide variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to the Indian subcontinent.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Given the range of diversity in soil type, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially from each other and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hindu, and cultural choices and traditions.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Also, Middle Eastern and Central Asian influences have occurred on North Indian cuisine from the years of Mughal rule.", "Indian cuisine __knowledge__ Indian cuisine is still evolving, as a result of the nation's cultural interactions with other societies.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Mexican cuisine began 9,000 years ago, 7,000 BCE, when agricultural communities such as the Maya formed, domesticating maize, creating the standard process of corn nixtamalization, and establishing their foodways.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ Successive waves of other Mesoamerican groups, including the Olmec, Teotihuacanos, Toltec, Huastec, Zapotec, Mixtec, Otomi, and Purépecha, brought with them their own cooking methods.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The Mexica establishment of the Aztec Empire created a multi-ethnic society where many different foodways became infused.", "Mexican cuisine __knowledge__ The staples are native foods, such as corn, beans, squash, amaranth, chia, avocados, tomatoes, tomatillos, chocolate, vanilla, agave, turkey, sweet potato, cactus, and chili pepper.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"" ] ]

[ 7, 2, 11 ]

[ "Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and it is my favorite!", "Yes vegetables, meats and can even be made without cheese if you prefer", "Do you prefer fresh or frozen pizza?" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Butterfly", "I like butterflies too but I do not know much about them. Where did they originate?", "56 million years! Wow, that is a long time. Do they live very long?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily \"Hesperioidea\") and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily \"Hedyloidea\").", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, which was about 56 million years ago.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies have the typical four-stage insect life cycle.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it flies off.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Some butterflies, especially in the tropics, have several generations in a year, while others have a single generation, and a few in cold locations may take several years to pass through their whole life cycle.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies are often polymorphic, and many species make use of camouflage, mimicry and aposematism to evade their predators." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily \"Hesperioidea\") and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily \"Hedyloidea\").", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, which was about 56 million years ago.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies have the typical four-stage insect life cycle.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it flies off.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Some butterflies, especially in the tropics, have several generations in a year, while others have a single generation, and a few in cold locations may take several years to pass through their whole life cycle.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies are often polymorphic, and many species make use of camouflage, mimicry and aposematism to evade their predators.", "Feeding Like Butterflies __knowledge__ Feeding Like Butterflies' is a Canadian folk-rock/Celtic music group from Edmonton.", "Feeding Like Butterflies __knowledge__ Their songs have been featured on Dawson's Creek among other outlets.", "Feeding Like Butterflies __knowledge__ Occasionally compared to Jethro Tull, the band first began to gain attention in the early 1990s.", "Feeding Like Butterflies __knowledge__ Jason Johnson is the lead singer and songwriter of the group.", "Feeding Like Butterflies __knowledge__ He is also a periphery hardware designer for Playstation and Xbox, most notably creating the award winning FragFx - Best Video Game controller 2010 by ABC News10 and CES TOP 10 devices 2010.", "Feeding Like Butterflies __knowledge__ He also has a successful career in Film/Tv production.", "Feeding Like Butterflies __knowledge__ Jason Johnson Last Know Live Concert: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6aCSYFzn5Y Top 10 Much Music Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sTmi1j4pq4 Jason Johnson Early 1990 TV apperarance: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F2cOjNdjGG8 Jason Johnson Acoustic Quartet: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LY6WuN_hPXs", "Lepidoptera __knowledge__ Lepidoptera ( ) is an order of insects that includes butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans).", "Lepidoptera __knowledge__ About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 families and 46 superfamilies, 10% of the total described species of living organisms.", "Lepidoptera __knowledge__ It is one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world.", "Lepidoptera __knowledge__ The Lepidoptera show many variations of the basic body structure that have evolved to gain advantages in lifestyle and distribution.", "Lepidoptera __knowledge__ Recent estimates suggest the order may have more species than earlier thought, and is among the four most speciose orders, along with the Hymenoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera.", "Claudia Natasia __knowledge__ Claudia Natasia is an Indonesian author and philanthropist.", "Claudia Natasia __knowledge__ At age 16, she published her first realistic fiction novel, \"Just Like Butterflies\", which details the experience of an adopted girl suffering from post traumatic disorder.", "Claudia Natasia __knowledge__ The book was published in 2010 and reprinted in 2014.", "Claudia Natasia __knowledge__ It was one of the titles selected to represent Indonesia at the World Book Fair.", "Claudia Natasia __knowledge__ All proceeds from \"Just Like Butterflies\" were used to improve the education condition of children in the city of Ambon.", "Claudia Natasia __knowledge__ Aside from her interest in improving the educational welfare of Indonesian children, Claudia is also concerned with poverty alleviation.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Beyoncé for her fourth studio album, \"4\" (2011).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ It was released by Columbia Records in the United States on May 25, 2011, as a promotional single.", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ Serving as the opening track on \"4\", it was written and produced by The-Dream, Tricky Stewart .", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ \"1+1\" was originally titled \"Nothing But Love\" and by Corey-Jackson Carter & The-Dream & he had initially planned to include it on his second studio album, \"Love vs. Money\" (2009).", "1+1 (song) __knowledge__ A down-tempo contemporary R&B and soul music power ballad, \"1+1\" Beyoncé expressing her endless love to her soul mate; the lyrics make strong statements about the power of the relationship.", "Monarch butterfly migration __knowledge__ Monarch butterflies (\"Danaus plexippus\") perform annual migrations across North America which have been called \"one of the most spectacular natural phenomena in the world\".", "Monarch butterfly migration __knowledge__ The subspecies \"D. plexippus plexippus\" is the migratory one.", "Monarch butterfly migration __knowledge__ Other subspecies perform minor migrations or none at all.", "Monarch butterfly migration __knowledge__ Starting in September and October, eastern and northeastern populations migrate from southern Canada and the United States to overwintering sites in central Mexico where they arrive around November.", "Monarch butterfly migration __knowledge__ They start the return trip in March, arriving around July.", "Monarch butterfly migration __knowledge__ No individual butterfly completes the entire round trip; female monarchs lay eggs for the next generation during the northward migration and at least four generations are involved in the annual cycle.", "Karner blue __knowledge__ The Karner blue (\"Plebejus melissa samuelis\") is an endangered subspecies of small blue butterfly which was once found in significant numbers in the Miller section of Gary, Indiana community of the Indiana Dunes National Park.", "Karner blue __knowledge__ The butterfly is now mainly found in other parts of the Great Lakes states, such as Wisconsin and Michigan, in small areas of New Jersey, and also in southern New Hampshire, and the Capital District region of New York.", "Karner blue __knowledge__ The butterfly, whose life cycle depends on the wild blue lupine flower (\"Lupinus perennis\"), was classified as an endangered species in 1992.", "Karner blue __knowledge__ In May 2000, the Canadian Species at Risk Act listed the Karner blue as being locally extinct in Canada.", "External morphology of Lepidoptera __knowledge__ The external morphology of Lepidoptera is the physiological structure of the bodies of insects belonging to the order Lepidoptera, also known as butterflies and moths.", "External morphology of Lepidoptera __knowledge__ Lepidoptera are distinguished from other orders by the presence of scales on the external parts of the body and appendages, especially the wings.", "External morphology of Lepidoptera __knowledge__ Butterflies and moths vary in size from microlepidoptera only a few millimetres long, to a wingspan of many inches such as the Atlas moth.", "External morphology of Lepidoptera __knowledge__ Comprising over 160,000 described species, the Lepidoptera possess variations of the basic body structure which has evolved to gain advantages in adaptation and distribution.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ Insect morphology is the study and description of the physical form of insects.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ The terminology used to describe insects is similar to that used for other arthropods due to their shared evolutionary history.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ Three physical features separate insects from other arthropods: they have a body divided into three regions (head, thorax, and abdomen), have three pairs of legs, and mouthparts located \"outside\" of the head capsule.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ It is this position of the mouthparts which divides them from their closest relatives, the non-insect hexapods, which includes Protura, Diplura, and Collembola.", "Insect morphology __knowledge__ There is enormous variation in body structure amongst insect species.", "Insect wing __knowledge__ Insect wings are adult outgrowths of the insect exoskeleton that enable insects to fly.", "Insect wing __knowledge__ They are found on the second and third thoracic segments (the mesothorax and metathorax), and the two pairs are often referred to as the forewings and hindwings, respectively, though a few insects lack hindwings, even rudiments.", "Insect wing __knowledge__ The wings are strengthened by a number of longitudinal veins, which often have cross-connections that form closed \"cells\" in the membrane (extreme examples include the dragonflies and lacewings).", "Insect wing __knowledge__ The patterns resulting from the fusion and cross-connection of the wing veins are often diagnostic for different evolutionary lineages and can be used for identification to the family or even genus level in many orders of insects.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects or Insecta (from Latin ', a calque of Greek ['], \"cut into sections\") are by far the largest group of hexapod invertebrates within the arthropod phylum.", "Insect __knowledge__ Definitions and circumscriptions vary; in one approach insects comprise a class within the Phylum Arthropoda.", "Insect __knowledge__ As the term is used here, it is synonymous with Ectognatha.", "Insect __knowledge__ Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton, a three-part body (head, thorax and abdomen), three pairs of jointed legs, compound eyes and one pair of antennae.", "Insect __knowledge__ They are the most diverse group of animals on the planet, including more than a million described species and representing more than half of all known living organisms.", "Defense in insects __knowledge__ Insects have a wide variety of predators, including birds, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, carnivorous plants, and other arthropods.", "Defense in insects __knowledge__ The great majority (80–99.99%) of individuals born do not survive to reproductive age, with perhaps 50% of this mortality rate attributed to predation.", "Defense in insects __knowledge__ In order to deal with this ongoing escapist battle, insects have evolved a wide range of defense mechanisms.", "Defense in insects __knowledge__ The only restraint on these adaptations is that their cost, in terms of time and energy, does not exceed the benefit that they provide to the organism in question.", "Defense in insects __knowledge__ The further that a feature tips the balance towards beneficial, the more likely that selection will act upon the trait, passing it down to further generations." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ The group comprises the large superfamily Papilionoidea, which contains at least one former group, the skippers (formerly the superfamily \"Hesperioidea\") and the most recent analyses suggest it also contains the moth-butterflies (formerly the superfamily \"Hedyloidea\").", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterfly fossils date to the Paleocene, which was about 56 million years ago.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies have the typical four-stage insect life cycle.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Winged adults lay eggs on the food plant on which their larvae, known as caterpillars, will feed.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ The caterpillars grow, sometimes very rapidly, and when fully developed, pupate in a chrysalis.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ When metamorphosis is complete, the pupal skin splits, the adult insect climbs out, and after its wings have expanded and dried, it flies off.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Some butterflies, especially in the tropics, have several generations in a year, while others have a single generation, and a few in cold locations may take several years to pass through their whole life cycle.", "Butterfly __knowledge__ Butterflies are often polymorphic, and many species make use of camouflage, mimicry and aposematism to evade their predators.", "Phanerozoic __knowledge__ The Phanerozoic Eon (British English Phanærozoic) is the current geologic eon in the geologic time scale, and the one during which abundant animal and plant life has existed.", "Phanerozoic __knowledge__ It covers million years to the present, and began with the Cambrian Period when diverse hard-shelled animals first appeared.", "Phanerozoic __knowledge__ Its name was derived from the Ancient Greek words (phanerós) and (zōḗ), meaning \"visible life\", since it was once believed that life began in the Cambrian, the first period of this eon.", "Phanerozoic __knowledge__ The time before the Phanerozoic, called the \"Precambrian\" supereon, is now divided into the Hadean, Archaean and Proterozoic eons.", "Cenozoic __knowledge__ The Cenozoic Era () is the current geological era, covering the period from 65 million years ago to the present day.", "Cenozoic __knowledge__ The Cenozoic is also known as the \"Age of Mammals,\" because of the large mammals that dominate it.", "Cenozoic __knowledge__ The continents also moved into their current positions during this era.", "Cenozoic __knowledge__ \"Cenozoic,\" meaning \"new life,\" is derived from Greek \"kainós\" \"new,\" and \"zōḗ\" \"life.\"", "Cenozoic __knowledge__ The era is also known as the \"Cænozoic, Caenozoic,\" or \"Cainozoic.\"", "Cenozoic __knowledge__ ; The Cenozoic is divided into three periods: the Paleogene, Neogene, and Quaternary; and seven epochs: the Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, Miocene, Pliocene, Pleistocene, and Holocene.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Volcanology of Canada includes lava flows, lava plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes, calderas, diatremes, and maars, along with examples of more less common volcanic forms such as tuyas and subglacial mounds.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ It has a very complex volcanological history spanning from the Precambrian eon at least 3.11 billion years ago when this part of the North American continent began to form.", "Volcanology of Canada __knowledge__ Although the country's volcanic activity dates back to the Precambrian eon, volcanism continues to occur in Western and Northern Canada where it forms part of an encircling chain of volcanoes and frequent earthquakes around the Pacific Ocean called the Pacific Ring of Fire.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ The Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) is an American mixed martial arts organization based in Las Vegas, Nevada, that is owned and operated by parent company WME–IMG.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ It is the largest MMA promotion in the world and features the top-ranked fighters of the sport.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Based in the United States, the UFC produces events worldwide that showcase eleven weight divisions and abide by the Unified Rules of Mixed Martial Arts.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ As of 2017, the UFC has held over 400 events.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ Dana White serves as the president of the UFC.", "Ultimate Fighting Championship __knowledge__ He has held that position since 2001; while under the leadership of Dana White the UFC has grown into a globally popular multibillion-dollar enterprise.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus \"Homo\" – and leading to the emergence of \"Homo sapiens\" as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ This process involved the gradual development of traits such as human bipedalism and language.", "Human evolution __knowledge__ The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, paleontology, neurobiology, ethology, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics.", "Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event __knowledge__ The Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) extinction event, also known as the Cretaceous–Tertiary (K–T) extinction, was a mass extinction of some three-quarters of the plant and animal species on Earth that occurred over a geologically short period of time, approximately 66 million years ago.", "Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event __knowledge__ With the exception of some ectothermic species such as the leatherback sea turtle and crocodiles, no tetrapods weighing more than survived.", "Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event __knowledge__ It marked the end of the Cretaceous period and with it, the entire Mesozoic Era, opening the Cenozoic Era that continues today.", "Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event __knowledge__ In the geologic record, the K–Pg event is marked by a thin layer of sediment called the K–Pg boundary, which can be found throughout the world in marine and terrestrial rocks.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 231 million years ago, although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ They became the dominant terrestrial vertebrates after the Triassic–Jurassic extinction event 201 million years ago; their dominance continued through the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ The fossil record indicates that birds are modern feathered dinosaurs, having evolved from earlier theropods during the late Jurassic Period.", "Dinosaur __knowledge__ As such, birds were the only dinosaur lineage to survive the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event 66 million years ago.", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ The Pyrenees are a 430 kilometre long, roughly east-west striking, intracontinental mountain chain that divide France, Spain, and Andorra.", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ The belt has an extended, polycyclic geological evolution dating back to the Precambrian.", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ The chain's present configuration is due to the collision between the microcontinent Iberia and the southwestern promontory of the European Plate (i.e.", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ Southern France).", "Geology of the Pyrenees __knowledge__ The two continents were approaching each other since the onset of the Upper Cretaceous (Albian/Cenomanian) about 100 million years ago and were consequently colliding during the Paleogene (Eocene/Oligocene) 55 to 25 million years ago." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 5 ]

[ "I love butterflies, the insects of the order Lepidoptera with the beautiful wings.", "They are found across the world and date to the Paleocene about 56 million years ago.", "Butterflies have a four-stage life cycle which only lasts a few months from larva to death." ]

[ "Butterfly", "Butterfly", "Butterfly" ]

[ "Red hair\nI have natural red hair. Everybody thinks I am Irish.", "My hair has kind of gold highlights. My hair is long and hard to care for.", "A Russian 29 year old woman with red hair has been arrested in US for being a Russian agent. Her hair color is like mine.", "It is very easy to get a sun burn if you have red hair. " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ Redhead Day (\"Roodharigendag\" in Dutch) is the name of a Dutch summer festival that takes place each first weekend of September in the city of Breda, in the Netherlands.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ The two-day festival is a gathering of people with natural red hair, but is also focused on art related to the colour red.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ Activities during the festival are lectures, workshops and demonstrations which are aimed specifically at red-haired people.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ The festival attracts attendance from fifty countries and is free of charge due to sponsorship of the local government.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ To be classified a 'Redhead', each participant must not have altered their original, natural hair colour in any way.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: A Jekyll and Hyde-type who fought Captain Marvel Jr. Based on the Nazi Dictator Adolf Hitler.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Führer of Nazi Germany, he was a member of the Monster Society of Evil.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ He ordered the creation of Captain Nazi, and caused many plots against America and its superheroes.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Like his real-life counterpart, he probably committed suicide with his wife when the Allies were advancing to Berlin.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Only appearing in \"Marvel Family\" #27.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (A–G) __knowledge__ Created by a scientist who thinks if everyone in the world was like him there would be no war.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "List of redheads __knowledge__ This is a list of notable people with natural red hair.", "List of redheads __knowledge__ Red or ginger hair may come in a variety of shades from strawberry blond to auburn.", "List of redheads __knowledge__ With only 2% of the population having red hair, it is the rarest natural hair colour.", "List of redheads __knowledge__ People who dyed their red hair into another colour or who went grey with age are included, but people with hair dyed red, such as David Bowie, Lucille Ball, Rita Hayworth, Debby Ryan, and Sophie Turner are not.", "List of redheads __knowledge__ Figures from the Bible or classical mythology, such as Esau or Judas Iscariot, are included.", "List of redheads __knowledge__ Characters from modern fiction such as Anne of Green Gables or Ginger Hebblethwaite are not." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is a protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis.", "Hair __knowledge__ Hair is one of the defining characteristics of mammals.", "Hair __knowledge__ The human body, apart from areas of glabrous skin, is covered in follicles which produce thick terminal and fine vellus hair.", "Hair __knowledge__ Most common interest in hair is focused on hair growth, hair types and hair care, but hair is also an important biomaterial primarily composed of protein, notably alpha-keratin.", "Hair __knowledge__ Attitudes towards different hair, such as hairstyles and hair removal, vary widely across different cultures and historical periods, but it is often used to indicate a person's personal beliefs or social position, such as their age, sex, or religion.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ Hair: The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt MacDermot.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the late 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical's profanity, its depiction of the use of illegal drugs, its treatment of sexuality, its irreverence for the American flag, and its nude scene caused much comment and controversy.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical broke new ground in musical theatre by defining the genre of \"rock musical\", using a racially integrated cast, and inviting the audience onstage for a \"Be-In\" finale.", "Artificial hair integrations __knowledge__ Artificial hair integrations, more commonly known as hair extensions or hair weaves, add length and/or fullness to human hair.", "Artificial hair integrations __knowledge__ Hair extensions are usually clipped on to other hair by incorporating additional human or synthetic hair.", "Artificial hair integrations __knowledge__ Natural human hair can be permed, dyed, and flat ironed whereas synthetic hair cannot.", "Artificial hair integrations __knowledge__ The methods include tape in extensions, clip in or clip on extensions, fusion method, weaving method, and wigs.", "Artificial hair integrations __knowledge__ A hair weave is human or artificial hair utilized for the integration with one's natural hair.", "Artificial hair integrations __knowledge__ Weaves can alter one's appearance for long or short periods of time by adding further hair to one's natural hair or by covering the natural hair all together with human or synthetic hairpieces.", "Afro-textured hair __knowledge__ Afro-textured hair is the natural hair texture of certain populations in Africa, the African diaspora, Oceania and Asia.", "Afro-textured hair __knowledge__ Each strand of this hair type grows in a tiny, spring-like helix shape.", "Afro-textured hair __knowledge__ The overall effect is such that, compared to straight, wavy or curly hair, afro-textured hair appears denser.", "Afro-textured hair __knowledge__ In many post-Columbian, Western societies, adjectives such as \"wooly\", \"kinky\", \"nappy\", or \"spiralled\" have frequently been used to describe natural afro-textured hair.", "Afro-textured hair __knowledge__ More recently, however, it has become common in some circles to apply numerical grading systems to human hair types.", "Afro-textured hair __knowledge__ One popular version of these systems classifies afro-textured hair as 'type 4' (straight hair is type 1, wavy type 2, and curly is type 3, with the letters A, B, and C used to indicate the degree of coil variation within each type), with the subcategory of type 4C being most exemplary of this hair type (Walker, 1997).", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Henna __knowledge__ Henna () is a dye prepared from the plant \"Lawsonia inermis\", also known as hina, the henna tree, the mignonette tree, and the Egyptian privet, the sole species of the \"Lawsonia\" genus.", "Henna __knowledge__ \"Henna\" can also refer to the temporary body art (staining) based on those dyes (see also mehndi).", "Henna __knowledge__ Henna has been used since antiquity to dye skin, hair and fingernails, as well as fabrics including silk, wool and leather.", "Henna __knowledge__ Historically, henna was used in the Arabian Peninsula, Indian Subcontinent, parts of Southeast Asia, Carthage, other parts of North Africa and the Horn of Africa.", "Henna __knowledge__ The name is used in other skin and hair dyes, such as \"black henna\" and \"neutral henna\", which is derived from specific parts of the henna plant that are harvested at individual times.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ Redhead Day (\"Roodharigendag\" in Dutch) is the name of a Dutch summer festival that takes place each first weekend of September in the city of Breda, in the Netherlands.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ The two-day festival is a gathering of people with natural red hair, but is also focused on art related to the colour red.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ Activities during the festival are lectures, workshops and demonstrations which are aimed specifically at red-haired people.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ The festival attracts attendance from fifty countries and is free of charge due to sponsorship of the local government.", "Redhead Day __knowledge__ To be classified a 'Redhead', each participant must not have altered their original, natural hair colour in any way.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The \"Angel's Friends\" comic and cartoon series features a cast of characters designed by Giada Perissinotto (comic) and Igor Chimisso (cartoon).", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The series takes place in a fictional town, where four teenage Angels and four teenage Devils, are attending the Golden School to learn the art of being Guardian Angels and Guardian Devils, guarding and tempting the human beings, called Earthly ones.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ Angels come from Angie Town and are ruled by the High Spheres, while Devils are from Sulfur City and are ruled by Low Spheres.", "List of Angel's Friends characters __knowledge__ The Angels, called \"Angel's Friends\", are led by the main character, Raf, and are composed of her three friends Uri, Miki and Sweet, while the Devils, called \"Devil's Enemies\", are led by Sulfus and are composed by his friends Kabale, Cabiria and Gas." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Hair coloring, or hair dyeing, is the practice of changing the hair color.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ The main reasons for this are cosmetic: to cover gray or white hair, to change to a color regarded as more fashionable or desirable, to restore the original hair color after it has been discolored by hairdressing processes or sun bleaching.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Hair coloring can be done professionally by a hairdresser or independently at home.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ Today, hair coloring is very popular, with 75% of women and 18% of men living in Copenhagen having reported using hair dye according to a study by the University of Copenhagen.", "Hair coloring __knowledge__ At home coloring in the United States reached $1.9 billion in 2011 and is expected to raise to $2.2 billion by 2016.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Of the thousands of people murdered every year in the United States, some remain unidentified.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Many victims are not identified for years or even decades after they were killed—as in the case of Tammy Jo Alexander, who was murdered in 1979 and remained unidentified until 2015.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ Including both murder victims and those who died of other causes, about 40,000 bodies remain unidentified in the United States.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The body of a white female aged thirty-four to thirty-eight was found in Slaughter Creek, near the Sipsey River in Romulus, Tuscaloosa County, Alabama on April 18, 1982.", "List of unidentified murder victims in the United States __knowledge__ The victim had been beaten, strangled and sexually assaulted.", "Blond __knowledge__ Blond (male), blonde (female), or fair hair, is a hair color characterized by low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Blond __knowledge__ The resultant visible hue depends on various factors, but always has some sort of yellowish color.", "Blond __knowledge__ The color can be from the very pale blond (caused by a patchy, scarce distribution of pigment) to reddish \"strawberry\" blond or golden-brownish (\"sandy\") blond colors (the latter with more eumelanin).", "Blond __knowledge__ On the Fischer–Saller scale, blond color ranges from A (light blond) to O (dark blond).", "Blond __knowledge__ The word \"blond\" is first documented in English in 1481 and derives from Old French \"blund, blont\", meaning \"a colour midway between golden and light chestnut\".", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ An unidentified decedent, or UID, is a deceased person whose legal identity is unable to be determined by law enforcement.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Although the majority of individuals are identified soon after their bodies are recovered, it is not uncommon for bodies to remain unidentified for years or even decades.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ There are approximately 40,000 unidentified decedents in the United States at any given time.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ A deceased body can be identified in several different ways.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ Most commonly, a relative of the deceased identifies the body by sight.", "List of unidentified decedents in the United States __knowledge__ However, if a body is decomposed, skeletal, or unrecognizable due to severe facial trauma at the time of recovery, other methods must be used.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics is the study of genes—what they are, what they do, and how they work.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genes inside the nucleus of a cell are strung together in such a way that the sequence carries information: that information determines how living organisms inherit various features (phenotypic traits).", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ For example, offspring produced by sexual reproduction usually look similar to each of their parents because they have inherited some of each of their parents' genes.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ Genetics identifies which features are inherited, and explains how these features pass from generation to generation.", "Introduction to genetics __knowledge__ In addition to inheritance, genetics studies how genes are turned on and off to control what substances are made in a cell—gene expression; and how a cell divides—mitosis or meiosis.", "Red __knowledge__ Red is the colour at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.", "Red __knowledge__ It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres.", "Red __knowledge__ It is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.", "Red __knowledge__ Reds range from the brilliant yellow-tinged scarlet and vermillion to bluish-red crimson, and vary in shade from the pale red pink to the dark red burgundy.", "Red __knowledge__ The red sky at sunset results from Rayleigh scattering, while the red color of the Grand Canyon and other geological features is caused by hematite or red ochre, both forms of iron oxide.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ This is a list of \"Strawberry Shortcake\" characters.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ There are (at this writing) four distinct continuities in which Strawberry Shortcake's adventures take place: The original, 1980s version, the 2003 reboot, the 2009/2010 reboot and the upcoming 2018 reboot.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Many of Strawberry Shortcake's friends appear in more than one continuity, and their appearance and/or characterization can vary greatly between versions.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Distinct traits will be noted in each of the circas in which a character happens to appear.", "List of Strawberry Shortcake characters __knowledge__ Strawberry Shortcake is the protagonist and the title character of \"The World of Strawberry Shortcake\" franchise.", "Shades of orange __knowledge__ In optics, orange has a wavelength between approximately 585 and 620 nm and a hue of 30° in HSV color space.", "Shades of orange __knowledge__ In the RGB color space it is a tertiary color numerically halfway between gamma-compressed red and yellow, as can be seen in the .", "Shades of orange __knowledge__ The complementary color of orange is azure.", "Shades of orange __knowledge__ Orange pigments are largely in the ochre or cadmium families, and absorb mostly blue light.", "Shades of orange __knowledge__ Varieties of the color orange may differ in hue, chroma (also called saturation, intensity, or colorfulness) or lightness (or value, tone, or brightness), or in two or three of these qualities.", "Shades of orange __knowledge__ Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being an orange or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair (or ginger hair) occurs naturally in 1–2% of the human population.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It occurs more frequently (2–6%) in people of northern or western European ancestry, and less frequently in other populations.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair appears most commonly in people with two copies of a recessive allele on chromosome 16 which produces an altered version of the MC1R protein.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair varies in hues from a deep burgundy or bright copper (reddish-brown or auburn) through to burnt orange or red-orange and strawberry blond.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is characterized by high levels of the reddish pigment pheomelanin and relatively low levels of the dark pigment eumelanin.", "Red hair __knowledge__ It is associated with fair skin color, lighter eye colors (gray, blue, green, and hazel), freckles, and sensitivity to ultraviolet light.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Cultural reactions have varied from ridicule to admiration; many common stereotypes exist regarding redheads and they are often portrayed as fiery-tempered.", "Red hair __knowledge__ The term redhead has been in use since at least 1510.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Red hair is most commonly found at the northern and western fringes of Europe; it is centered around populations in the British Isles.", "Red hair __knowledge__ Redheads today are commonly associated with the Celtic nations and to a far lesser extent the Germanic peoples.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Hair color is the pigmentation of hair follicles due to two types of melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Generally, if more eumelanin is present, the color of the hair is darker; if less eumelanin is present, the hair is lighter.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The darker a person's natural hair color is, the more individual hair follicles they have on their scalp.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Levels of melanin can vary over time causing a person's hair color to change, and it is possible to have hair follicles of more than one color on the same person.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Particular hair colors are associated with ethnic groups.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ Gray or white hair is associated with age.", "Human hair color __knowledge__ The Fischer–Saller scale, named after Eugen Fischer and , is used in physical anthropology and medicine to determine the shades of hair color.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in Laurell K. Hamilton's \"\" series of novels.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ The title character, Anita Blake starts as a human with the power of necromancy.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She joins the organization Animators, Inc. as an animator: a person who raises zombies) and a vampire executioner.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ In later volumes, she acquires some powers that are commonly associated with vampires.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She contracts the lycanthropy viruses which makes her associate with were-creatures.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ She also grows powers as a succubus.", "List of Anita Blake: Vampire Hunter characters __knowledge__ Bert is the founder and managing partner of Animators, Inc. Over 6 feet tall and built like a former athlete, Bert is an unscrupulous boss who is inclined to sign the animators up for almost any job if the price is right.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ Hair: The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt MacDermot.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the late 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical's profanity, its depiction of the use of illegal drugs, its treatment of sexuality, its irreverence for the American flag, and its nude scene caused much comment and controversy.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical broke new ground in musical theatre by defining the genre of \"rock musical\", using a racially integrated cast, and inviting the audience onstage for a \"Be-In\" finale.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Monkeys, particularly macaques and gibbons, have played significant roles in Chinese culture for over two thousand years.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Some examples familiar to English speakers include the zodiacal Year of the Monkey, the Monkey King Sun Wukong in the novel \"Journey to the West\", and Monkey Kung Fu.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ The Chinese language has numerous words meaning \"simian; monkey; ape\".", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Some diachronically changed meanings in reference to different simians.", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ For instance, Chinese \"xingxing\" 猩猩 originally named \"a mythical creature with a human face and pig body\", and became the modern name for the \"orangutan\".", "Monkeys in Chinese culture __knowledge__ Within the classification of Chinese characters, almost all \"monkey; ape\" words – with the exceptions of \"nao\" 夒 and \"yu\" 禺 that were originally monkey pictographs – are written with radical-phonetic compound characters.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ This is a listing of significant characters in Charlaine Harris's \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\" / Sookie Stackhouse novels only.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ HBO created a television series called \"True Blood\" based on the novels.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ Sookie is the main character of \"The Southern Vampire Mysteries\", and resides in the fictional town of Bon Temps, in rural, northern Louisiana.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ In the first novel, \"Dead Until Dark\", she describes herself as being 25 years old, with blond hair and blue eyes.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She also states: “my legs are strong and my bosom is substantial, and I have a waspy waistline”.", "List of The Southern Vampire Mysteries characters __knowledge__ She is written to wear a ladies size 8-10, most of the time a 10.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ Mattel's fashion doll franchise \"Monster High\" features a variety of fictional characters, many of whom are students at the titular high school.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The female characters are classified as Ghouls and the male characters are classified as Mansters.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The characters are generally the sons and daughters, or related to monsters that have been popularized in fiction.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ The franchise's official website identifies six of the characters as Original Ghouls.", "List of Monster High characters __knowledge__ In addition to the listed Ghouls and Mansters, there are other characters who have been introduced in the franchise's related media including the web/video and book series.", "Eye color __knowledge__ Eye color is a polygenic phenotypic character determined by two distinct factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris and the frequency-dependence of the scattering of light by the turbid medium in the stroma of the iris.", "Eye color __knowledge__ In humans, the pigmentation of the iris varies from light brown to black, depending on the concentration of melanin in the iris pigment epithelium (located on the back of the iris), the melanin content within the iris stroma (located at the front of the iris), and the cellular density of the stroma.", "Eye color __knowledge__ The appearance of blue and green, as well as hazel eyes, results from the Tyndall scattering of light in the stroma, a phenomenon similar to that which accounts for the blueness of the sky called Rayleigh scattering.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ Human skin color ranges in variety from the darkest brown to the lightest hues.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ An individual's skin pigmentation is the result of genetics, being the product of both of the individual's biological parents' genetic makeup.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ In evolution, skin pigmentation in human beings evolved by a process of natural selection primarily to regulate the amount of ultraviolet radiation penetrating the skin, controlling its biochemical effects.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ The actual skin color of different humans is affected by many substances, although the single most important substance is the pigment melanin.", "Human skin color __knowledge__ Melanin is produced within the skin in cells called melanocytes and it is the main determinant of the skin color of darker-skinned humans.", "Color analysis (art) __knowledge__ In the cosmetics and fashion industry, color analysis, also called skin tone color matching, personal color or seasonal color, is the process of finding colors of clothing and makeup to match a person's skin complexion, eye color, and hair color.", "Color analysis (art) __knowledge__ The goal is to determine the colors that best suit an individual's natural coloring and the result is often used as an aid to wardrobe planning and style consulting.", "Color analysis (art) __knowledge__ Color analysis was most popular in the early 1980s.", "Color analysis (art) __knowledge__ There are a wide variety of approaches to analyzing personal coloring.", "Color analysis (art) __knowledge__ The most well-known is \"seasonal\" color analysis, which places individual coloring into four general categories: Winter, Spring, Summer and Autumn.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The champagne gene is a simple dominant allele responsible for a number of rare horse coat colors.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The most distinctive traits of horses with the champagne gene are the hazel eyes and pinkish, freckled skin, which are bright blue and bright pink at birth, respectively.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ The coat color is also affected: any hairs that would have been red are gold, and any hairs that would have been black are chocolate brown.", "Champagne gene __knowledge__ If a horse inherits the champagne gene from either or both parents, a coat that would otherwise be chestnut is instead gold champagne, with bay corresponding to amber champagne, seal brown to sable champagne, and black to classic champagne.", "Light skin __knowledge__ Light skin is a naturally occurring human skin color, which has little eumelanin pigmentation and which has been adapted to environments of low UV radiation.", "Light skin __knowledge__ Light skin is most commonly found amongst the native populations of Europe and Northeast Asia as measured through skin reflectance.", "Light skin __knowledge__ People with light skin pigmentation are often referred to as \"white\" or \"fair\", although these usages can be ambiguous in some countries where they are used to refer specifically to certain ethnic groups or populations.", "Light skin __knowledge__ It has been hypothesized that dark skin pigmentation was the original condition for the genus \"Homo\", including \"Homo sapiens\".", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ The following list describes each of the characters from the popular webseries \"Red vs. Blue\", originally created by Rooster Teeth Productions.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Colonel Sarge is the leader of the Red Team on Blood Gulch.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He is voiced by Matt Hullum, co-creator of the series, and first appeared at the end of .", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a Southern accent.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ Sarge is somewhat bloodthirsty, and the only Blood Gulch soldier on either team to actually be serious about war.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ It is mentioned that he has a military background and briefly joined the ODSTs.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ His preferred weapon is a shotgun, which he carries at all times.", "List of Red vs. Blue characters __knowledge__ He has a passionate disgust for Grif, demonstrated by his repeated willingness to sacrifice Grif during combat missions as well as how all of his contingency plans are to kill Grif." ] ]

[ 1, 4, 6, 9 ]

[ "I love red hair. I think it occurs naturally in only one or two percent of people.", "yeah, I have seen different shades on people. From a deep burgundy, or bright copper to burnt orange and even strawberry blond.", "I saw her lol. It is also associeated with fair skin, lighter eye colors, and freckles .", "Its more commonly found in Europe at the northern and western fringes, around the British Isles." ]

[ "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair", "Red hair" ]

[ "Diet (nutrition)\nDieting can be very rewarding, what are some methods?", "Which one is the most popular?", "Do I have to be hungry or can I be full?", "Is exercise important too?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ The word diet often implies the use of specific intake of nutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with the two often being related).", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Although humans are omnivores, each culture and each person holds some food preferences or some food taboos.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ This may be due to personal tastes or ethical reasons.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthy.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Complete nutrition requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food, also food energy in the form of carbohydrate, protein, and fat.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in the quality of life, health and longevity.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Some cultures and religions have restrictions concerning what foods are acceptable in their diet.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ For example, only Kosher foods are permitted by Judaism, and Halal foods by Islam.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Although Buddhists are generally vegetarians, the practice varies and meat-eating may be permitted depending on the sects.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ In Hinduism, vegetarianism is the ideal.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Jains are strictly vegetarian and consumption of roots is not permitted.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Many people choose to forgo food from animal sources to varying degrees (e.g.", "Body image __knowledge__ Body image is a person's perception of the aesthetics or sexual attractiveness of their own body.", "Body image __knowledge__ The phrase \"body image\" was first coined by the Austrian neurologist and psychoanalyst Paul Schilder in his book \"The Image and Appearance of the Human Body\" (1935).", "Body image __knowledge__ Human society has at all times placed great value on beauty of the human body, but a person's perception of their own body may not correspond to society's standards.", "Body image __knowledge__ The concept of body image is used in a number of disciplines, including psychology, medicine, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, philosophy and cultural and feminist studies.", "Body image __knowledge__ The term is also often used in the media.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ Yo-yo dieting or yo-yo effect, also known as weight cycling, is a term coined by Kelly D. Brownell at Yale University, in reference to the cyclical loss and gain of weight, resembling the up-down motion of a yo-yo.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ In this process, the dieter is initially successful in the pursuit of weight loss but is unsuccessful in maintaining the loss long-term and begins to gain the weight back.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ The dieter then seeks to lose the regained weight, and the cycle begins again.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ The reasons for yo-yo dieting are varied but often include embarking upon a hypocaloric diet that was initially too extreme.", "Yo-yo effect __knowledge__ At first the dieter may experience elation at the thought of weight loss and pride in their rejection of food.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ Binge eating disorder (BED) is an eating disorder characterized by frequent and recurrent binge eating episodes with associated negative psychological and social problems, but without subsequent purging episodes (e.g.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ vomiting).", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ BED is a recently described condition, which was required to distinguish binge eating similar to that seen in bulimia nervosa but without characteristic purging.", "Binge eating disorder __knowledge__ Individuals who are diagnosed with bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder exhibit similar patterns of compulsive overeating, neurobiological features of dysfunctional cognitive control and food addiction, and biological and environmental risk factors.", "Eating disorder __knowledge__ An eating disorder is a mental disorder defined by abnormal eating habits that negatively affect a person's physical or mental health.", "Eating disorder __knowledge__ They include binge eating disorder where people eat a large amount in a short period of time, anorexia nervosa where people eat very little and thus have a low body weight, bulimia nervosa where people eat a lot and then try to rid themselves of the food, pica where people eat non-food items, rumination disorder where people regurgitate food, avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder where people have a lack of interest in food, and a group of other specified feeding or eating disorders.", "Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders __knowledge__ Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders is a book edited by Patricia Fallon and others in which feminists analyzed the impact of what they regard as sexist and oppressive of women on women's eating disorders.", "Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders __knowledge__ Feminists do not \"necessarily\" believe that society is the sole cause of an eating disorder, but that societal influences definitely play a role in these addictions (the craving to control one’s body and the euphoria established through weight loss or controlled food in-take) and that eating disorders thrive in this type of environment.", "Feminist Perspectives on Eating Disorders __knowledge__ When World War I (as well as World War II) began, many women had to work out of the household because their husbands were fighting in the war and the family needed financial support.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ Lulu Hunt Peters (1873–1930) was an American doctor and author who wrote a featured newspaper column entitled \"Diet and Health\", which she followed up with a best-selling book, \"Diet & Health: With Key to the Calories\".", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ She was the first person to widely popularize the concept of counting calories as a method of weight loss.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ It was also the first weight-loss book to become a bestseller.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ Peters was born in Milford, Maine and attended the Maine State Normal School in Castine, Maine before moving to California.", "Lulu Hunt Peters __knowledge__ She attended the University of California, Berkeley and graduated in 1909 as a Doctor of Medicine." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ The word diet often implies the use of specific intake of nutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with the two often being related).", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Although humans are omnivores, each culture and each person holds some food preferences or some food taboos.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ This may be due to personal tastes or ethical reasons.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthy.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Complete nutrition requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food, also food energy in the form of carbohydrate, protein, and fat.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in the quality of life, health and longevity.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Some cultures and religions have restrictions concerning what foods are acceptable in their diet.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ For example, only Kosher foods are permitted by Judaism, and Halal foods by Islam.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Although Buddhists are generally vegetarians, the practice varies and meat-eating may be permitted depending on the sects.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ In Hinduism, vegetarianism is the ideal.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Jains are strictly vegetarian and consumption of roots is not permitted.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Many people choose to forgo food from animal sources to varying degrees (e.g.", "American popular music __knowledge__ American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world.", "American popular music __knowledge__ The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture, including ragtime, blues, jazz, swing, rock, bluegrass, country, R&B, doo wop, gospel, soul, funk, heavy metal, punk, disco, house, techno, salsa, grunge and hip hop.", "American popular music __knowledge__ In addition, the American music industry is quite diverse, supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco, klezmer and slack-key.", "American popular music __knowledge__ Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century, and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music, using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ The music of Cuba, including its instruments, performance and dance, comprises a large set of unique traditions influenced mostly by west African and European (especially Spanish) music.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Due to the syncretic nature of most of its genres, Cuban music is often considered one of the richest and most influential regional musics of the world.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ For instance, the son cubano merges an adapted Spanish guitar (tres), melody, harmony, and lyrical traditions with Afro-Cuban percussion and rhythms.", "Music of Cuba __knowledge__ Almost nothing remains of the original native traditions, since the native population was exterminated in the 16th century.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK's history as a developed island country, a liberal democracy and a major power; its predominantly Christian religious life; and its composition of four countries—England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland—each of which has distinct customs, cultures and symbolism.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture, and Humanism, Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture.", "Culture of the United Kingdom __knowledge__ British literature, music, cinema, art, theatre, comedy, media, television, philosophy, architecture and education are important aspects of British culture.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The music of the United States reflects the country's multi-ethnic population through a diverse array of styles.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ It is a mixture of music influenced by West African, Irish, Scottish and mainland European among others.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The country's most internationally renowned genres are jazz, blues, country, bluegrass, rock, rhythm and blues, soul, ragtime, hip hop, barbershop, pop, experimental, techno, house, dance, boogaloo, salsa, and rock and roll.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ The United States has the world's largest music market with a total retail value of 4,898.3 million dollars in 2014, and its music is heard around the world.", "Music of the United States __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 20th century, some forms of American popular music have gained a near global audience.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ The United States Electoral College is the mechanism established by the United States Constitution for the indirect election of the president and vice president of the United States.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ Citizens vote in each state and the District of Columbia at a general election to choose a slate of \"electors\" who are pledged to vote for a particular party's candidate.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ The Twelfth Amendment requires each elector to cast one vote for president and another vote for vice president.", "Electoral College (United States) __knowledge__ In each state and the District of Columbia, electors are chosen every four years on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November, and then meet to cast ballots on the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ This article includes an overview of the major events and trends in popular music in the 2000s.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ The 2000s saw the creation or emergence of a few styles, such as indie-related genres such as Emo, Alternative R&B, and a multitude of new electronic subgenres, most notably Dubstep, Bass music and Moombahton, as well as genres that fused influences from past decades, mostly the 80s, into creating new styles such as Nu-disco and Hypnagogic pop.", "2000s in music __knowledge__ In fact convergence of different styles was one of the more defining features of the decade, as seen with the creation and commercial success of the British Grime genre and Trap music and Chillwave in the United States.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Low-carbohydrate diets or low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict carbohydrate consumption.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with foods containing a higher percentage of fats and moderate protein (e.g., meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, and seeds) and other foods low in carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables such as spinach, kale, chard and collards), although other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are often allowed.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ The amount of carbohydrate allowed varies with different low-carbohydrate diets.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Management of obesity can include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ The main treatment for obesity consists of dieting and physical exercise.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Diet programs may produce weight loss over the short term, but maintaining this weight loss is frequently difficult and often requires making exercise and a lower calorie diet a permanent part of an individual's lifestyle.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Success rates of long-term weight loss maintenance with lifestyle changes are low, ranging from 2 to 20%.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Dietary and lifestyle changes are effective in limiting excessive weight gain in pregnancy and improve outcomes for both the mother and the child.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet is one that helps to maintain or improve overall health.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet provides the body with essential nutrition: fluid, adequate amino acids from protein, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, fibre and adequate calories.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ The requirements for a healthy diet can be met from a variety of plant-based and animal-based foods, although a non-animal source of vitamin B12 is needed for those following a vegan diet.", "Healthy diet __knowledge__ A healthy diet supports energy needs and provides for human nutrition without exposure to toxicity or excessive weight gain from consuming more calories than the body requires.", "Weight loss __knowledge__ Weight loss, in the context of medicine, health, or physical fitness, refers to a reduction of the total body mass, due to a mean loss of fluid, body fat or adipose tissue or lean mass, namely bone mineral deposits, muscle, tendon, and other connective tissue.", "Weight loss __knowledge__ Weight loss can either occur unintentionally due to malnourishment or an underlying disease or arise from a conscious effort to improve an actual or perceived overweight or obese state.", "Weight loss __knowledge__ \"Unexplained\" weight loss that is not caused by reduction in calorific intake or exercise is called cachexia and may be a symptom of a serious medical condition.", "Obesity __knowledge__ Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.", "Obesity __knowledge__ People are generally considered obese when their body mass index (BMI), a measurement obtained by dividing a person's weight by the square of the person's height, is over , with the range defined as overweight.", "Obesity __knowledge__ Some East Asian countries use lower values.", "Obesity __knowledge__ Obesity increases the likelihood of various diseases and conditions, particularly cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, osteoarthritis and depression.", "Obesity __knowledge__ Obesity is most commonly caused by a combination of excessive food intake, lack of physical activity, and genetic susceptibility.", "Low-fat diet __knowledge__ A low-fat diet is one that restricts fat and often saturated fat and cholesterol as well.", "Low-fat diet __knowledge__ Low-fat diets are intended to reduce diseases such as heart disease and obesity, but have been shown to \"cause\" obesity.", "Low-fat diet __knowledge__ Reducing fat in the diet can make it easier to cut calories.", "Low-fat diet __knowledge__ Fat provides nine calories per gram while carbohydrates and protein each provide four calories per gram, so choosing low-fat foods makes it possible to eat a larger volume of food for the same number of calories.", "Low-fat diet __knowledge__ The Institute of Medicine recommends limiting fat intake to 35% of total calories to help prevent obesity and to help control saturated fat intake." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ The word diet often implies the use of specific intake of nutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with the two often being related).", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Although humans are omnivores, each culture and each person holds some food preferences or some food taboos.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ This may be due to personal tastes or ethical reasons.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthy.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Complete nutrition requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food, also food energy in the form of carbohydrate, protein, and fat.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in the quality of life, health and longevity.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Some cultures and religions have restrictions concerning what foods are acceptable in their diet.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ For example, only Kosher foods are permitted by Judaism, and Halal foods by Islam.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Although Buddhists are generally vegetarians, the practice varies and meat-eating may be permitted depending on the sects.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ In Hinduism, vegetarianism is the ideal.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Jains are strictly vegetarian and consumption of roots is not permitted.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Many people choose to forgo food from animal sources to varying degrees (e.g.", "Hungry ghost __knowledge__ Hungry ghost is a concept in Chinese Buddhism and Chinese traditional religion representing beings who are driven by intense emotional needs in an animalistic way.", "Hungry ghost __knowledge__ The term ', literally \"hungry ghost\"'\", is the Chinese translation of the term \"preta\" in Buddhism.", "Hungry ghost __knowledge__ \"Hungry ghosts\" play a role in Chinese Buddhism and Taoism as well as in Chinese folk religion.", "Hungry ghost __knowledge__ The term is not to be confused with the generic term for \"ghost\", \"\" (i.e.", "Hungry ghost __knowledge__ the spirit of a deceased ancestor).", "Hungry ghost __knowledge__ The understanding is that all people become such a regular ghost when they die, and would then slowly weaken and eventually die a second time.", "Food for the Hungry __knowledge__ Food for the Hungry (also known as FH) is an international relief and development organization with operations in more than 20 countries.", "Food for the Hungry __knowledge__ Food for the Hungry was founded in 1971 by Dr. Larry Ward.", "Food for the Hungry __knowledge__ Food for the Hungry‘s stated mission is \"to walk with leaders, churches and families in overcoming all forms of human poverty by living in healthy relationship with God and His creation\" which was taken from Book of Psalms 146:7 He upholds the cause of the oppressed and gives food to the hungry.", "Food for the Hungry __knowledge__ Food for the Hungry is a charter member of the Evangelical Council for Financial Accountability, since February 1, 1980.", "Burger King Corporation v Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd __knowledge__ Burger King Corporation v Hungry Jack's (2001) 69 NSWLR 558 was an Australian court case decided in the New South Wales Court of Appeal on 21 June 2001, concerning a dispute between United States-based fast food chain Burger King, and its Australian franchisee Hungry Jack's.", "Burger King Corporation v Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd __knowledge__ It related to the breach of a business development agreement between the two companies, and the resulting attempts of Burger King to terminate the contract.", "Burger King Corporation v Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd __knowledge__ The Court of Appeal decided that Burger King could not terminate the contract, for several reasons, one of which was that it was in breach of an implied term of good faith, having taken steps to engineer the breach of the contract.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The majority of the locations of international fast-food restaurant chain Burger King are privately owned franchises.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ While the majority of franchisees are smaller operations, several have grown into major corporations in their own right.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ At the end of the company's fiscal year in 2015, Burger King reported it had more than 15,000 outlets in 84 countries; of these, approximately 50% are in the United States and 99.9% are privately owned and operated.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ The company locations employ more than 37,000 people who serve approximately 11.4 million customers daily.", "Burger King franchises __knowledge__ Since its predecessor's inception in 1953, Burger King has used several variations of franchising to expand its operations.", "Hungry Jack's __knowledge__ Hungry Jack's Pty Ltd is the exclusive Australian master fast food franchise of Burger King Corporation.", "Hungry Jack's __knowledge__ It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Competitive Foods Australia, a privately held company owned by Jack Cowin.", "Hungry Jack's __knowledge__ Hungry Jack's owns and operates or sub-licences all of the Burger King/Hungry Jack's restaurants in Australia.", "Hungry Jack's __knowledge__ As the master franchise for the country, the company is responsible for licensing new operators, opening its own stores and performing standards oversight of franchised locations in that country.", "Hungry Jack's __knowledge__ With over 390 locations across Australia, Hungry Jack's is the second largest franchise of Burger King in the world (second to Carrols Corporation).", "The Hungry Saw __knowledge__ The Hungry Saw is the seventh studio album by British alternative band Tindersticks, released on 28 April 2008 by Beggars Banquet Records.", "The Hungry Saw __knowledge__ Following the release of the band's sixth album, \"Waiting for the Moon\" in 2003, Tindersticks had entered an extended hiatus before reconvening to perform at the Don't Look Back event in September 2006.", "The Hungry Saw __knowledge__ This concert marked the final performance of the original line-up of the band, and three members left the group shortly afterwards.", "The Hungry Saw __knowledge__ The remaining members of Tindersticks felt reinvigorated by the performance, and relocated to France to begin working on new material in the summer of 2007, recording and producing the album at their own Le Chien Chanceaux studio in Limousin.", "Hungry Like the Wolf __knowledge__ \"Hungry Like the Wolf\" is a song by the British new wave band Duran Duran.", "Hungry Like the Wolf __knowledge__ Written by the band members, the song was produced by Colin Thurston for the group's second studio album \"Rio\".", "Hungry Like the Wolf __knowledge__ The song was released in May 1982 as the band's fifth single in the United Kingdom.", "Hungry Like the Wolf __knowledge__ It reached the top 5 of the UK Singles Chart, and received a silver certification by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).", "Hungry Like the Wolf __knowledge__ The music video for \"Hungry Like the Wolf\" was directed by Russell Mulcahy and filmed in the jungles of Sri Lanka, and evoked the atmosphere of the film \"Raiders of the Lost Ark\".", "Hungry Like the Wolf __knowledge__ Although the band initially failed to break into the US market, MTV placed the \"Hungry Like the Wolf\" video into heavy rotation.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised fashion to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In other words, it is conscious control or restriction of the diet.", "Dieting __knowledge__ A restricted diet is often used by those who are overweight or obese, sometimes in combination with physical exercise, to reduce body weight.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Some people follow a diet to gain weight (usually in the form of muscle).", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets can also be used to maintain a stable body weight and improve health.", "Dieting __knowledge__ In particular, diets can be designed to prevent or treat diabetes.", "Dieting __knowledge__ Diets to promote weight loss can be categorized as: low-fat, low-carbohydrate, low-calorie, very low calorie and more recently flexible dieting.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ Dana Carpender (born October 18, 1958) is an American food writer, best known for writing about low carbohydrate dieting.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ Carpender lives with her husband in Bloomington, Indiana.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ She is also the great-niece of Arthur S. Carpender.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ Carpender was for a time a columnist, syndicated by United Media.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ Her column originally focused solely on low carbohydrate cooking, and was called \"Low Carb For Life\", but broadened perspective to healthy cooking in general, and the title was changed to Cook Well, Eat Well.", "Dana Carpender __knowledge__ The column, however, continued to concern itself with glycemic load, which does, indeed, require a careful eye on quality and quantity of carbohydrates.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Low-carbohydrate diets or low-carb diets are dietary programs that restrict carbohydrate consumption.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ Foods high in easily digestible carbohydrates (e.g., sugar, bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with foods containing a higher percentage of fats and moderate protein (e.g., meat, poultry, fish, shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, and seeds) and other foods low in carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables such as spinach, kale, chard and collards), although other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are often allowed.", "Low-carbohydrate diet __knowledge__ The amount of carbohydrate allowed varies with different low-carbohydrate diets.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ Wolfgang J. Lutz (May 27, 1913 – 19 September 2010) was an Austrian inventor, physician and author of Leben ohne Brot.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ He showed how, with little recourse to surgery or drugs, fundamental improvement could be made to health through low carbohydrate nutrition; Lutz demonstrated, inter alia, a probable way of preventing the huge and mounting toll exacted by obesity and diabetes.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ To honour this contribution, Lutz was made a Freeman of the City of London in 2007.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ His book with Christian Allan: Life without Bread: How a low-carbohydrate diet can save your life is still in print after 16 years.", "Wolfgang J. Lutz __knowledge__ Recently a biography has been published: My Life without Bread: Dr Lutz at 90, which includes a complete list of his publications, also: Uncle Wolfi's Secret, which explores the work of Dr Lutz in everyday language.", "Ketone bodies __knowledge__ Ketone bodies are three water-soluble molecules (acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and their spontaneous breakdown product, acetone) that are produced by the liver from fatty acids during periods of low food intake (fasting), carbohydrate restrictive diets, starvation, prolonged intense exercise, alcoholism or in untreated (or inadequately treated) type 1 diabetes mellitus.", "Ketone bodies __knowledge__ These ketone bodies are readily picked up by the extra-hepatic tissues, and converted into acetyl-CoA which then enters the citric acid cycle and is oxidized in the mitochondria for energy.", "Ketone bodies __knowledge__ In the brain, ketone bodies are also used to make acetyl-CoA into long-chain fatty acids.", "Diabetes in cats __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease in cats, whereby either insufficient insulin response or insulin resistance lead to persistently high blood glucose concentrations.", "Diabetes in cats __knowledge__ Diabetes could affect up to 1 in 230 cats, and may be becoming increasingly common.", "Diabetes in cats __knowledge__ Diabetes mellitus is less common in cats than in dogs.", "Diabetes in cats __knowledge__ 80-95% of diabetic cats experience something similar to type-2 diabetes, but are generally severely insulin-dependent by the time symptoms are diagnosed.", "Diabetes in cats __knowledge__ The condition is treatable, and treated properly, the cat can experience a normal life expectancy.", "Diabetes in cats __knowledge__ In type-2 cats, prompt effective treatment may lead to diabetic remission, in which the cat no longer needs injected insulin.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Management of obesity can include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ The main treatment for obesity consists of dieting and physical exercise.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Diet programs may produce weight loss over the short term, but maintaining this weight loss is frequently difficult and often requires making exercise and a lower calorie diet a permanent part of an individual's lifestyle.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Success rates of long-term weight loss maintenance with lifestyle changes are low, ranging from 2 to 20%.", "Management of obesity __knowledge__ Dietary and lifestyle changes are effective in limiting excessive weight gain in pregnancy and improve outcomes for both the mother and the child." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ The word diet often implies the use of specific intake of nutrition for health or weight-management reasons (with the two often being related).", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Although humans are omnivores, each culture and each person holds some food preferences or some food taboos.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ This may be due to personal tastes or ethical reasons.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Individual dietary choices may be more or less healthy.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Complete nutrition requires ingestion and absorption of vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids from protein and essential fatty acids from fat-containing food, also food energy in the form of carbohydrate, protein, and fat.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in the quality of life, health and longevity.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Some cultures and religions have restrictions concerning what foods are acceptable in their diet.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ For example, only Kosher foods are permitted by Judaism, and Halal foods by Islam.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Although Buddhists are generally vegetarians, the practice varies and meat-eating may be permitted depending on the sects.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ In Hinduism, vegetarianism is the ideal.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Jains are strictly vegetarian and consumption of roots is not permitted.", "Diet (nutrition) __knowledge__ Many people choose to forgo food from animal sources to varying degrees (e.g.", "Michael F. Brown __knowledge__ Michael F. Brown is currently a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Arizona, and holds joint positions in the Department of Physics and the Program in Applied Mathematics.", "Michael F. Brown __knowledge__ He is Co-Director of the Chemical Physics Program at the University of Arizona, and is also Co-Director of the Biological Physics Program.", "Michael F. Brown __knowledge__ He has an active research laboratory populated with enthusiastic undergraduate and graduate students, as well as postdoctoral scientists and visiting faculty.", "Michael F. Brown __knowledge__ He proudly teaches courses in undergraduate physical chemistry (quantum mechanics, thermodynamics, kinetics, statistical mechanics) as well as graduate courses in quantum mechanics and molecular spectroscopy.", "L'Oiseau bleu (Metzinger) __knowledge__ L'Oiseau bleu (also known as The Blue Bird and Der Blaue Vogel) is a large oil painting created in 1912–1913 by the French artist and theorist Jean Metzinger (1883–1956); considered by Guillaume Apollinaire and André Salmon as a founder of Cubism, along with Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso.", "L'Oiseau bleu (Metzinger) __knowledge__ \"L'Oiseau bleu\", one of Metzinger's most recognizable and frequently referenced works, was first exhibited in Paris at the Salon des Indépendants in the spring of 1913 (cat.", "L'Oiseau bleu (Metzinger) __knowledge__ no.", "L'Oiseau bleu (Metzinger) __knowledge__ 2087), several months after the publication of the first (and only) Cubist manifesto, \"Du «Cubisme»\", written by Jean Metzinger and Albert Gleizes (1912).", "Protein domain __knowledge__ A protein domain is a conserved part of a given protein sequence and (tertiary) structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.", "Protein domain __knowledge__ Each domain forms a compact three-dimensional structure and often can be independently stable and folded.", "Protein domain __knowledge__ Many proteins consist of several structural domains.", "Protein domain __knowledge__ One domain may appear in a variety of different proteins.", "Protein domain __knowledge__ Molecular evolution uses domains as building blocks and these may be recombined in different arrangements to create proteins with different functions.", "Protein domain __knowledge__ Domains vary in length from between about 25 amino acids up to 500 amino acids in length.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ There is a growing research database which suggests that skeletal muscles, particularly postural muscles of the lower limb, undergo atrophy and structural and metabolic alterations during space flight.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ However, the relationships between in-flight exercise, muscle changes and performance are not well understood.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ Efforts should be made to try to understand the current status of in-flight and post-flight exercise performance capacity and what the goals/target areas for protection are with the current in flight exercise program.", "Reduced muscle mass, strength and performance in space __knowledge__ From the very beginning of the U.S. human space program, serious and reasonable concern has been expressed about exposure of humans to the microgravity of space due to the potential systemic effects on terrestrially-evolved life forms that are so suitably adapted to Earth gravity.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ Physical exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and wellness.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ It is performed for various reasons, including increasing growth and development, preventing aging, strengthening muscles and the cardiovascular system, honing athletic skills, weight loss or maintenance, and also enjoyment.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ Frequent and regular physical exercise boosts the immune system and helps prevent certain \"diseases of affluence\" such as coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.", "Physical exercise __knowledge__ It may also help prevent stress and depression, increase quality of sleep and act as a non-pharmaceutical sleep aid to treat diseases such as insomnia, help promote or maintain positive self-esteem, improve mental health, maintain steady digestion and treat constipation and gas, regulate fertility health, and augment an individual's sex appeal or body image.", "Ellen D. Williams (scientist) __knowledge__ Ellen D. Williams (born December 5, 1953 in Oshkosh, Wisconsin) is an American scientist, best known for her research in surface properties and nanotechnology, for her engagement with technical issues in national security, as chief scientist of BP, and for government service as director of ARPA-E. Born in Oshkosh, Wisconsin, Williams grew up in the suburbs of Detroit, Michigan.. She attended Michigan State University and received her Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry in 1976.", "Ellen D. Williams (scientist) __knowledge__ Her graduate studies were at the California Institute of Technology, where she received her PhD in Chemistry in 1981, for research supervised by William Henry Weinberg.", "Neurobiological effects of physical exercise __knowledge__ The are numerous and involve a wide range of interrelated effects on brain structure, brain function, and cognition.", "Neurobiological effects of physical exercise __knowledge__ A large body of research in humans has demonstrated that consistent aerobic exercise (e.g., 30 minutes every day) induces persistent improvements in certain cognitive functions, healthy alterations in gene expression in the brain, and beneficial forms of neuroplasticity and behavioral plasticity; some of these long-term effects include: increased neuron growth, increased neurological activity (e.g., and BDNF signaling), improved stress coping, enhanced cognitive control of behavior, improved declarative, spatial, and working memory, and structural and functional improvements in brain structures and pathways associated with cognitive control and memory.", "John A. McDougall __knowledge__ John A. McDougall (born May 17, 1947) is an American physician and author who is the co-founder, chairman, and sole board member of San Francisco based Dr. McDougall's Right Foods Inc.", "John A. McDougall __knowledge__ He has written a number of diet books advocating the consumption of low-fat, starchy food.", "John A. McDougall __knowledge__ His diet—The McDougall Plan—is a fad diet that carries some possible disadvantages, such as a boring food choice and the risk of feeling hungry.", "John A. McDougall __knowledge__ He was born on May 17, 1947.", "John A. McDougall __knowledge__ McDougall is a graduate of Michigan State University's College of Human Medicine.", "John A. McDougall __knowledge__ He performed his internship at Queen's Medical Center in Honolulu, Hawaii, in 1972 and his medical residency at the University of Hawaii.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic in horses is defined as abdominal pain, but it is a clinical sign rather than a diagnosis.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The term colic can encompass all forms of gastrointestinal conditions which cause pain as well as other causes of abdominal pain not involving the gastrointestinal tract.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ The most common forms of colic are gastrointestinal in nature and are most often related to colonic disturbance.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ There are a variety of different causes of colic, some of which can prove fatal without surgical intervention.", "Horse colic __knowledge__ Colic surgery is usually an expensive procedure as it is major abdominal surgery, often with intensive aftercare.", "Submarine Command Course __knowledge__ The Submarine Command Course (SMCC), previously known as the Commanding Officers Qualifying Course (COQC), and informally known as The Perisher because of its low success rate, is a training course for naval officers preparing to take command of a submarine.", "Submarine Command Course __knowledge__ Created by the Royal Navy during World War I, the course was originally intended to address the high attrition rate of submarine commanders, as the previous method of handing down knowledge from officer to officer was prevented by wartime deaths.", "Submarine Command Course __knowledge__ Following World War II, the Royal Netherlands Navy became involved in the course; the Dutch later partnered with the British to run the course, and following the British conversion to a fully nuclear submarine fleet, took over responsibility for running the course for diesel-electric submarines.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro (\"in glass\").", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ The process involves monitoring and stimulating a woman's ovulatory process, removing an ovum or ova (egg or eggs) from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilise them in a liquid in a laboratory.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ The fertilised egg (zygote) undergoes embryo culture for 2–6 days, and is then transferred to the same or another woman's uterus, with the intention of establishing a successful pregnancy.", "In vitro fertilisation __knowledge__ IVF is a type of assisted reproductive technology used for infertility treatment and gestational surrogacy, in which a fertilised egg is implanted into a surrogate's uterus, and the resulting child is genetically unrelated to the surrogate.", "Environmental issues on Maury Island __knowledge__ The environmental issues on Maury Island are linked to broader Puget Sound environmental issues, which include concerns regarding declining salmon and forage fish populations, degrading critical marine and shoreline habitats, and threatened species such as the Orca.", "Environmental issues on Maury Island __knowledge__ Many of these concerns are centered on the proposed expansion of the a gravel site owned by Glacier Northwest.", "Environmental issues on Maury Island __knowledge__ The primary environmental issue on Maury Island is Glacier Northwest's proposal to expand its gravel mine, located in the southern part of the island.", "Environmental issues on Maury Island __knowledge__ Glacier Northwest has operated the mine on the island since the 1940s.In 1998 it announced its proposal to expand the operation to approximately 7.5 million tons of gravel a year.", "Dietary biology of the golden eagle __knowledge__ The golden eagle (\"Aquila chrysaetos\") is one of the most powerful predators in the avian world.", "Dietary biology of the golden eagle __knowledge__ One author described it as \"the pre-eminent diurnal predator of medium-sized birds and mammals in open country throughout the Northern Hemisphere\".", "Dietary biology of the golden eagle __knowledge__ Golden eagles usually hunt during daylight hours, but were recorded hunting from one hour before sunrise to one hour after sunset during the breeding season through their whole range.", "Dietary biology of the golden eagle __knowledge__ The hunting success rate of golden eagles was calculated in Idaho, showing that, out of 115 hunting attempts, 20% were successful in procuring prey.", "Dietary biology of the golden eagle __knowledge__ A fully-grown golden eagle requires about of food per day." ] ]

[ 25, 0, 0, 34 ]

[ "some dieting methods are low fat, low carbohydrate, and low calorie diets.", "i am not sure currently, but i do know low carbohydrate dieting was very popular a few years ago", "i would not suggest a diet that leaves you feeling hungry all the time as it can lead to a low success rate", "absolutely. it boosts the immune system as well as help prevent disease and obesity." ]

[ "Diet (nutrition)", "Diet (nutrition)", "Diet (nutrition)", "Diet (nutrition)" ]

[ "Immortality\nBeing able to live forever would be really cool.", "Yep, just like most future predictions honestly.", "Goodness, you must know a lot on the topic of immortality then.", "I feel you, it's quite an advanced concept to think about." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ \"Live Forever\" is a song by the English rock band Oasis.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ Written by Noel Gallagher, the song was released as the third single from their debut album \"Definitely Maybe\" (1994) on 8 August 1994, just prior to that album's release.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ Gallagher wrote the song in 1991, before he joined Oasis.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ Inspired by the Rolling Stones' \"Shine a Light\", \"Live Forever\" features a basic song structure and lyrics with an optimistic outlook that contrasted with the attitude of the grunge bands popular at the time.", "Live Forever __knowledge__ The song was the first Oasis single to enter the top ten in the United Kingdom, and garnered critical acclaim.", "Brian May __knowledge__ Brian Harold May, (born 19 July 1947) is an English musician, singer, songwriter, astrophysicist, and photographer.", "Brian May __knowledge__ He is best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Queen.", "Brian May __knowledge__ He uses a home-built electric guitar called the Red Special.", "Brian May __knowledge__ His compositions for the band include \"We Will Rock You\", \"Tie Your Mother Down\", \"I Want It All\", \"Fat Bottomed Girls\", \"Flash\", \"Hammer to Fall\", \"Save Me\", \"Who Wants to Live Forever\", and \"The Show Must Go On\".", "Brian May __knowledge__ May was a co-founder of Queen with lead singer Freddie Mercury and drummer Roger Taylor, having previously performed with Taylor in the band Smile, which he had joined while he was at university.", "Live Forever (Matthew West album) __knowledge__ Live Forever is the sixth studio album by Matthew West, released on April 28, 2015 through Sparrow Records alongside Capitol Christian Music Group.", "Live Forever (Matthew West album) __knowledge__ Three singles were officially released off the album including \"Day One\", \"Grace Wins\", and \"Mended\".", "Live Forever (Matthew West album) __knowledge__ Grace S. Aspinwall, awarding the album four and a half stars at \"CCM Magazine\", writes, \"Ever the intricate storyteller, Matthew West rarely disappoints.", "Live Forever (Matthew West album) __knowledge__ \"Live Forever\" follows suit and is even more moving and content rich than his most recent offerings, which is saying a lot ... West up's the ante and has sonically delivered his best performances to date ...", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ Ryan Sheridan (born 28 January 1982) is an Irish singer, songwriter and guitarist from County Monaghan.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ Sheridan started playing the fiddle at the age of seven and played Irish traditional music with Comhaltas for several years.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 16 he left Ireland to perform as a dancer with the Riverdance ensemble.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ He toured the US with Riverdance for four years and then spent two years performing at the Gershwin Theatre on Broadway.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ Sheridan started writing music and playing guitar while living in New York City, and in 2004 Ryan moved to Glasgow to form the rockband Shiversaint.", "Ryan Sheridan (musician) __knowledge__ He returned to Ireland in 2006 and met Polish percussionist and cajon player Artur Graczyk who joined the band.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ \"Forever Evil\" is a 2013–2014 crossover comic book storyline published by DC Comics that began in September 2013 and ended in May 2014, consisting of an eponymous, central miniseries written by Geoff Johns and art by David Finch.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ It is the first line wide crossover since The New 52 reboot of the DC Universe, and focuses on all the villains of the DC Universe.", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ The miniseries spins out of the events in \"Trinity War\".", "Forever Evil __knowledge__ Johns revealed in August 2013, that the Crime Syndicate, an evil version of the Justice League from Earth-3 in the Multiverse, are the true villains of the event and not the previously thought Secret Society.", "How to Live Forever __knowledge__ How to Live Forever, written by director Mark Wexler and Robert DeMaio, is a documentary that follows Mark on a three-year pilgrimage to discover the best practices and philosophies to help mitigate \"the uncool trappings of old age.\"", "How to Live Forever __knowledge__ With the death of his mother (artist Marian Witt-Wexler) and the arrival of an AARP card, Wexler begins to wonder if one can truly achieve immortality.", "How to Live Forever __knowledge__ He interviews an eclectic group of celebrities, health care professionals, centenarians, followers of Laughter Yoga, and scientists contemplating technology’s impact on the average lifespan in an attempt to conquer death.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ Futures studies (also called futurology) is the study of postulating possible, probable, and preferable futures and the worldviews and myths that underlie them.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ There is a debate as to whether this discipline is an art or science, and many scientists considere it even as mainly pseudoscience.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ In general, it can be considered as a branch of the social sciences and parallel to the field of history.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ Futures studies (colloquially called \"futures\" by many of the field's practitioners) seeks to understand what is likely to continue and what could plausibly change.", "Futures studies __knowledge__ Part of the discipline thus seeks a systematic and pattern-based understanding of past and present, and to determine the likelihood of future events and trends.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Laurence Michael Yep (; born June 14, 1948) is a prolific Chinese-American writer, best known for children's books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ In 2005, he received the biennial Laura Ingalls Wilder Medal for his career contribution to American children's literature.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Yep was born in San Francisco to Yep Gim Lew (Thomas) and Franche.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ His older brother, Thomas, named him after studying a particular saint in a multicultural neighborhood that consisted of mostly African Americans.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ Growing up, he often felt torn between U.S. and Chinese culture, and expressed this in many of his books.", "Laurence Yep __knowledge__ A great deal of his work involves characters feeling alienated or not fitting into their surroundings and environment, something Yep has struggled with since childhood.", "María Belén Simari Birkner __knowledge__ María Belén Simari Birkner (18 August 1982) is a female skier from Argentina.", "María Belén Simari Birkner __knowledge__ She has represented Argentina in both the 2006 and the 2010 Winter Olympics, in the Alpine skiing events.", "María Belén Simari Birkner __knowledge__ She also took part in the 2005 Alpine Skiing World Cup, where she came 20th in the Women's Combined, and in the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2009.", "María Belén Simari Birkner __knowledge__ She is the sister of fellow alpine skiers Cristian Simari Birkner and Macarena Simari Birkner.", "María Belén Simari Birkner __knowledge__ 2005 Alpine Skiing World Cup:Combined– 282006 Winter Olympics:Giant Slalom–DNF Slalom–37Super-G–47Combined–29FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 2007:Super Combined–27Giant Slalom–46Slalom–DNF2010 Winter Olympics:Downhill– 29Slalom– DNFGiant Slalom– 46Super-G– 31Combined– DNF", "Caitra __knowledge__ Caitra is a translation Computer Assisted Tool, or CAT, developed by the University of Edinburgh.", "Caitra __knowledge__ Provided from an online platform, Caitra is based on AJAX Web.2 technologies and the Moses decoder.", "Caitra __knowledge__ The web page of the tool is implemented with Ruby on Rails, an open source web framework, and C++.", "Caitra __knowledge__ Caitra assists human translators by offering suggestions and alternative translations.", "Caitra __knowledge__ Machine Translation (MT) systems are typically used by readers who do not need a thorough translation and want quick access to the foreign language.", "Caitra __knowledge__ Professional translators usually require advanced machine translation tools to make their work easier and to give a higher quality translation to their clients.", "Artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ Artificial general intelligence (AGI) is the intelligence of a machine that could successfully perform any intellectual task that a human being can.", "Artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ It is a primary goal of some artificial intelligence research and a common topic in science fiction and future studies.", "Artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ Artificial general intelligence is also referred to as \"strong AI\", \"full AI\" or as the ability of a machine to perform \"general intelligent action\".", "Artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ Academic sources reserve \"strong AI\" to refer to machines capable of experiencing consciousness.", "Artificial general intelligence __knowledge__ Some references emphasize a distinction between strong AI and \"applied AI\" (also called \"narrow AI\" or \"weak AI\"): the use of software to study or accomplish specific problem solving or reasoning tasks.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The Dragon series is a tetralogy of fantasy novels by Chinese American author Laurence Yep.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ Yep had already written several books including the Newbery Honor novel \"Dragonwings\" by 1980, when, after undertaking careful research, he decided to adapt Chinese mythology into a fantasy form, something he had always wanted to do since he had sold his first science fiction story at 18.", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ He \"tried to stay true to the spirit\" of these myths, but did not try \"to keep their exact details\".", "Dragon (fantasy series) __knowledge__ The \"perfect vehicle\" he chose was a folktale in which the Monkey King captured a river spirit who had flooded an entire city, which he at first tried to conceive in picture book form.", "Life extension __knowledge__ Life extension science, also known as anti-aging medicine, indefinite life extension, experimental gerontology, and biomedical gerontology, is the study of slowing down or reversing the processes of aging to extend both the maximum and average lifespan.", "Life extension __knowledge__ The ability to achieve this, however, does not currently exist.", "Life extension __knowledge__ Some researchers in this area, and \"life extensionists\", \"immortalists\" or \"longevists\" (those who wish to achieve longer lives themselves), believe that future breakthroughs in tissue rejuvenation, stem cells, regenerative medicine, molecular repair, gene therapy, pharmaceuticals, and organ replacement (such as with artificial organs or xenotransplantations) will eventually enable humans to have indefinite lifespans (agerasia) through complete rejuvenation to a healthy youthful condition.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) is an international intellectual movement that aims to transform the human condition by developing and making widely available sophisticated technologies to greatly enhance human intellect and physiology.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ Transhumanist thinkers study the potential benefits and dangers of emerging technologies that could overcome fundamental human limitations as well as ethical limitations of using such technologies.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ The most common transhumanist thesis is that human beings may eventually be able to transform themselves into different beings with abilities so greatly expanded from the current condition as to merit the label of posthuman beings.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Philosophy of mind is a branch of philosophy that studies the nature of the mind.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ The mind–body problem is a paradigm issue in philosophy of mind, although other issues are addressed, such as the hard problem of consciousness, and the nature of particular mental states.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Aspects of the mind that are studied include mental events, mental functions, mental properties, consciousness, the ontology of the mind, the nature of thought, and the relationship of the mind to the body.", "Philosophy of mind __knowledge__ Dualism and monism are the two central schools of thought on the mind–body problem, although nuanced views have arisen that do not fit one or the other category neatly.", "Age of Enlightenment __knowledge__ The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in ; and in , \"Enlightenment\") was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, \"The Century of Philosophy\".", "Age of Enlightenment __knowledge__ The Enlightenment included a range of ideas centered on reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy, and came to advance ideals like liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, constitutional government and separation of church and state.", "Age of Enlightenment __knowledge__ In France the central doctrines of the Enlightenment philosophers were individual liberty and religious tolerance, in opposition to an absolute monarchy and the fixed dogmas of the Roman Catholic Church.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands had a considerable part in the making of modern society.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The Netherlands and its people have made numerous seminal contributions to the world's civilization, especially in art, science, technology and engineering, economics and finance, cartography and geography, exploration and navigation, law and jurisprudence, thought and philosophy, medicine, and agriculture.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ Dutch-speaking people, in spite of their relatively small number, have a significant history of invention, innovation, discovery and exploration.", "List of Dutch inventions and discoveries __knowledge__ The following list is composed of objects, (largely) unknown lands, breakthrough ideas/concepts, principles, phenomena, processes, methods, techniques, styles etc., that were discovered or invented (or pioneered) by people from the Netherlands and Dutch-speaking people from the former Southern Netherlands (\"Zuid-Nederlanders\" in Dutch)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "Phaedrus (dialogue) __knowledge__ The Phaedrus (; ), written by Plato, is a dialogue between Plato's protagonist, Socrates, and Phaedrus, an interlocutor in several dialogues.", "Phaedrus (dialogue) __knowledge__ The \"Phaedrus\" was presumably composed around 370 BC, about the same time as Plato's \"Republic\" and \"Symposium\".", "Phaedrus (dialogue) __knowledge__ Although ostensibly about the topic of love, the discussion in the dialogue revolves around the art of rhetoric and how it should be practiced, and dwells on subjects as diverse as metempsychosis (the Greek tradition of reincarnation) and erotic love.", "Phaedrus (dialogue) __knowledge__ Socrates runs into Phaedrus on the outskirts of Athens.", "Phaedrus (dialogue) __knowledge__ Phaedrus has just come from the home of Epicrates of Athens, where Lysias, son of Cephalus, has given a speech on love.", "List of Baccano! characters __knowledge__ The \"Baccano!\"", "List of Baccano! characters __knowledge__ light novel and anime series feature an extensive ensemble cast of characters created by Ryohgo Narita and illustrated by Katsumi Enami.", "List of Baccano! characters __knowledge__ Largely set in a fictional United States, the series tells many loosely connected stories about people brought together by immortality and is often told from multiple points of view.", "List of Baccano! characters __knowledge__ The events occur throughout many decades; most take place during the Prohibition-era while others are set in the 18th century and the first decade of the 21st century.", "List of Baccano! characters __knowledge__ The cast is made up of many seemingly unconnected characters and at least twenty main characters, including Isaac Dian and Miria Harvent, a pair of eccentric thieves; Firo Prochainezo and his mentor Maiza Avaro, members of Manhattan's small Camorrista Martillo family; Keith, Berga and Luck Gandor, three brothers who manage the small Gandor mafia family, also based in Manhattan; Szilard Quates, who recreates an immortality elixir which many characters accidentally drink, and his homunculus Ennis; Dallas Genoard, a young thug from a wealthy family, and his sister Eve; Czeslaw Meyer, a young boy; mafia hitman Ladd Russo and his fiancée Lua Klein; mute bodyguard Chane Laforet; gangsters Nice Holystone and Jacuzzi Splot; and the Gandors' adoptive brother Claire Stanfield, also known as the legendary assassin Vino.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood (also known as \"Ode\", \"Immortality Ode\" or \"Great Ode\") is a poem by William Wordsworth, completed in 1804 and published in \"Poems, in Two Volumes\" (1807).", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The poem was completed in two parts, with the first four stanzas written among a series of poems composed in 1802 about childhood.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The first part of the poem was completed on 27 March 1802 and a copy was provided to Wordsworth's friend and fellow poet, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, who responded with his own poem, \"\", in April.", "Ode: Intimations of Immortality __knowledge__ The fourth stanza of the ode ends with a question, and Wordsworth was finally able to answer it with 7 additional stanzas completed in early 1804.", "Blonde on Blonde __knowledge__ Blonde on Blonde is the seventh studio album by American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan, released in mid 1966, on Columbia Records.", "Blonde on Blonde __knowledge__ Recording sessions began in New York in October 1965 with numerous backing musicians, including members of Dylan's live backing band, the Hawks.", "Blonde on Blonde __knowledge__ Though sessions continued until January 1966, they yielded only one track that made it onto the final album—\"One of Us Must Know (Sooner or Later)\".", "Blonde on Blonde __knowledge__ At producer Bob Johnston's suggestion, Dylan, keyboardist Al Kooper, and guitarist Robbie Robertson moved to the CBS studios in Nashville, Tennessee.", "Blonde on Blonde __knowledge__ These sessions, augmented by some of Nashville's top session musicians, were more fruitful, and in February and March all the remaining songs for the album were recorded.", "Good __knowledge__ In its most general context, the concept of good denotes that conduct which is to be preferred and prescribed by society and its social constituents as beneficial and useful to the social needs of society and its preferred conventions.", "Good __knowledge__ Good is generally considered to be the opposite of evil.", "Good __knowledge__ The concept is of interest in the study of morality, ethics, religion and philosophy, and the specific meaning and etiology of the term and its associated translations among ancient and contemporary languages has varied substantially in its inflected meaning depending on circumstances of place, history, religious context and philosophical context.", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism (also known as extinctionism or destructionism) is a belief that after the final judgment some human beings and all fallen angels (all of the damned) will be totally destroyed so as to not exist, or that their consciousness will be extinguished, rather than suffer everlasting torment in hell (often synonymized with the lake of fire).", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism is directly related to the doctrine of conditional immortality, the idea that a human soul is not immortal unless it is given eternal life.", "Annihilationism __knowledge__ Annihilationism asserts that God will eventually destroy the wicked, leaving only the righteous to live on in immortality.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ Biological immortality (sometimes referred to \"bio-indefinite\" mortality) is a state in which the rate of mortality from senescence is stable or decreasing, thus decoupling it from chronological age.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ Various unicellular and multicellular species, including some vertebrates, achieve this state either throughout their existence or after living long enough.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ A biologically immortal living being can still die from means other than senescence, such as through injury or disease.", "Biological immortality __knowledge__ This definition of immortality has been challenged in the \"Handbook of the Biology of Aging\", because the increase in rate of mortality as a function of chronological age may be negligible at extremely old ages, an idea referred to as the late-life mortality plateau.", "Death __knowledge__ Death is the cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism.", "Death __knowledge__ Phenomena which commonly bring about death include aging, predation, malnutrition, disease, suicide, homicide, starvation, dehydration, and accidents or trauma resulting in terminal injury.", "Death __knowledge__ In most cases, bodies of living organisms begin to decompose shortly after death.", "Death __knowledge__ Death – particularly the death of humans – has commonly been considered a sad or unpleasant occasion, due to the affection for the being that has died and the termination of social and familial bonds with the deceased.", "Death __knowledge__ Other concerns include fear of death, necrophobia, anxiety, sorrow, grief, emotional pain, depression, sympathy, compassion, solitude, or saudade.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) is an international intellectual movement that aims to transform the human condition by developing and making widely available sophisticated technologies to greatly enhance human intellect and physiology.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ Transhumanist thinkers study the potential benefits and dangers of emerging technologies that could overcome fundamental human limitations as well as ethical limitations of using such technologies.", "Transhumanism __knowledge__ The most common transhumanist thesis is that human beings may eventually be able to transform themselves into different beings with abilities so greatly expanded from the current condition as to merit the label of posthuman beings.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Immortality __knowledge__ Immortality is eternal life, being exempt from death, unending existence.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Some modern species may possess biological immortality.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers have theorized about the immortality of the human body, with some suggesting that human immortality may be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Other advocates believe that life extension is a more achievable goal in the short term, with immortality awaiting further research breakthroughs.", "Immortality __knowledge__ The absence of aging would provide humans with biological immortality, but not invulnerability to death by disease or physical trauma; although mind uploading could solve that issue if it proved possible.", "Immortality __knowledge__ Whether the process of internal endoimmortality is delivered within the upcoming years depends chiefly on research (and in neuron research in the case of endoimmortality through an immortalized cell line) in the former view and perhaps is an awaited goal in the latter case.", "Immortality __knowledge__ In religious contexts, immortality is often stated to be one of the promises of God (or other deities) to human beings who show goodness or else follow divine law.", "Immortality __knowledge__ What form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality, has been a major point of focus of religion, as well as the subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate.", "NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts __knowledge__ The NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts (NIAC) is a NASA program for development of far reaching, long term advanced concepts by \"creating breakthroughs, radically better or entirely new aerospace concepts\".", "NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts __knowledge__ The program operated under the name NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts from 1998 until 2007 (managed by the Universities Space Research Association on behalf of NASA), and continued under the name NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts from 2011 to present.", "NASA Institute for Advanced Concepts __knowledge__ The NIAC program funds work on revolutionary aeronautics and space concepts that can dramatically impact how NASA develops and conducts its missions.", "Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration __knowledge__ An Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD) enables the evaluation of mature advanced technology for usage by the United States Military.", "Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration __knowledge__ ACTDs allow technology evaluation earlier and cheaper than would be possible through the formal acquisition of new production capabilities.", "Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration __knowledge__ ACTDs must be sponsored by an operational user with approval and oversight from the Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Advanced Systems and Concepts (DUSD(AS&C)).", "Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration __knowledge__ No ACTDs were initiated after 2006, when the DUSD(AS&C) initiated the follow-on Joint Concept Technology Demonstration (JCTD) program to emphasize multiservice technology development and improved planning for transition to operations.", "Future Tactical Truck System __knowledge__ The Future Tactical Truck System (FTTS) was a United States Armed Forces program for which the Operational Requirements Document was drawn up during 2003.", "Future Tactical Truck System __knowledge__ FTTS was a proposed two vehicle modular family that was to replace the AM General High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle (HMMWV (the Humvee)), Family of Medium Tactical Vehicles (FMTV), Oshkosh M977 Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT), Oshkosh Palletized Load System (PLS) (in certain echelons), and all remaining M35, M809 and M939 series of 2.5 and 5 ton trucks.", "Future Tactical Truck System __knowledge__ The FTTS-UV (Utility Vehicle) was to replace the HMMWV, while the FTTS-MSV (Manoeuvre Sustainment Vehicle) was to replace all other types.", "Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk __knowledge__ The Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk is an unmanned (UAV) surveillance aircraft.", "Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk __knowledge__ It was initially designed by Ryan Aeronautical (now part of Northrop Grumman), and known as Tier II+ during development.", "Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk __knowledge__ The Global Hawk performs a similar role as the Lockheed U-2.", "Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk __knowledge__ The RQ-4 provides a broad overview and systematic surveillance using high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and long-range electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) sensors with long loiter times over target areas.", "Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk __knowledge__ It can survey as much as of terrain a day.", "Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk __knowledge__ The Global Hawk is operated by the United States Air Force.", "Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk __knowledge__ It is used as a high-altitude platform covering the spectrum of intelligence collection capability to support forces in worldwide military operations.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ \"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon, Jed Whedon, and Maurissa Tancharoen, based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ (Strategic Homeland Intervention, Enforcement and Logistics Division), a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU), sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise.", "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters __knowledge__ The series stars Clark Gregg, reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films, as well as Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.", "Lennie Tristano __knowledge__ Leonard Joseph \"Lennie\" Tristano (March 19, 1919 – November 18, 1978) was an American jazz pianist, composer, arranger, and teacher of jazz improvisation.", "Lennie Tristano __knowledge__ Tristano studied for bachelor's and master's degrees in music in Chicago before moving to New York City in 1946.", "Lennie Tristano __knowledge__ He played with leading bebop musicians and formed his own small bands, which soon displayed some of his early interests – contrapuntal interaction of instruments, harmonic flexibility, and rhythmic complexity.", "Lennie Tristano __knowledge__ His quintet in 1949 recorded the first free group improvisations.", "Lennie Tristano __knowledge__ Tristano's innovations continued in 1951, with the first overdubbed, improvised jazz recordings, and two years later, when he recorded an atonal improvised solo piano piece that was based on the development of motifs rather than on harmonies.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The value-form or form of value () is a concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, Marxism and post-Marxism.", "Value-form __knowledge__ It refers to the \"social form\" of a commodity (any product traded in markets) as a symbol of value, which contrasts with its physical features, as a product which can satisfy some human need.", "Value-form __knowledge__ The physical appearance of a commodity is directly observable, but the meaning of its social form is not.", "Value-form __knowledge__ Narrating the paradoxical oddities and metaphysical niceties of ordinary things when they become instruments of trade, Marx seeks to provide a brief morphology of the category of economic value as such - what its substance really is, the forms which this substance takes, and how its magnitude is determined or expressed.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ The vocabulary of ancient Roman religion was highly specialized.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ Its study affords important information about the religion, traditions and beliefs of the ancient Romans.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This legacy is conspicuous in European cultural history in its influence on later juridical and religious vocabulary in Europe, particularly of the Western Church.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ This glossary provides explanations of concepts as they were expressed in Latin pertaining to religious practices and beliefs, with links to articles on major topics such as priesthoods, forms of divination, and rituals.", "Glossary of ancient Roman religion __knowledge__ For theonyms, or the names and epithets of gods, see List of Roman deities.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Such study concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Theologians may undertake Christian theology in order: or for a variety of other reasons.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology as a discipline of Christian theology formulates an orderly, rational and coherent account of Christian faith and beliefs.", "Christian theology __knowledge__ Systematic theology draws on the foundational sacred texts of Christianity, while simultaneously investigating the development of Christian doctrine over the course of history, particularly through philosophical evolution.", "Good and evil __knowledge__ In religion, ethics, philosophy, and psychology \"good and evil\" is a very common dichotomy.", "Good and evil __knowledge__ In cultures with Manichaean and Abrahamic religious influence, evil is usually perceived as the dualistic antagonistic opposite of good, in which good should prevail and evil should be defeated.", "Good and evil __knowledge__ In cultures with Buddhist spiritual influence, both good and evil are perceived as part of an antagonistic duality that itself must be overcome through achieving \"Śūnyatā\" meaning emptiness in the sense of recognition of good and evil being two opposing principles but not a reality, emptying the duality of them, and achieving a oneness.", "Thomas Aquinas __knowledge__ Saint Thomas Aquinas (; ; 1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church.", "Thomas Aquinas __knowledge__ He was an immensely influential philosopher, theologian, and jurist in the tradition of scholasticism, within which he is also known as the Doctor Angelicus and the Doctor Communis.", "Thomas Aquinas __knowledge__ The name \"Aquinas\" identifies his ancestral origins in the county of Aquino in present-day Lazio.", "Thomas Aquinas __knowledge__ He was the foremost classical proponent of natural theology and the father of Thomism; of which he argued that reason is found in God.", "Thomas Aquinas __knowledge__ His influence on Western thought is considerable, and much of modern philosophy developed or opposed his ideas, particularly in the areas of ethics, natural law, metaphysics, and political theory.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ China has long been a cradle and host to a variety of the most enduring religio-philosophical traditions of the world.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ Confucianism and Taoism, later joined by Buddhism, constitute the \"three teachings\" that have shaped Chinese culture.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ There are no clear boundaries between these intertwined religious systems, which do not claim to be exclusive, and elements of each enrich popular or folk religion.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ The emperors of China claimed the Mandate of Heaven and participated in Chinese religious practices.", "Religion in China __knowledge__ In the early 20th century, reform-minded officials and intellectuals attacked all religions as \"superstitious\", and since 1949, China has been governed by the Communist Party of China, an atheist institution that prohibits party members from practising religion while in office.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ There are many varieties of criticism.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ This article describes common types that occur regularly in everyday life.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For other criteria that classify criticisms, see this page.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ For more subject-specific information, see the pages on topics such as art, film, literature, theatre, or architecture.", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Aesthetic criticism is a part of aesthetics concerned with critically judging beauty and ugliness, tastefulness and tastelessness, style and fashion, meaning and quality of design—and issues of human sentiment and affect (the evoking of pleasure and pain, likes and dislikes).", "Varieties of criticism __knowledge__ Most parts of human life have an aesthetic dimension, which means there is plenty potential for criticism." ] ]

[ 3, 5, 7, 8 ]

[ "It's been a hotly debated thing for centuries, over most of the human lifespan. Certain scientists, futurists, and philosophers kind of theorize about how that would look in terms of the human body, and some posited that it could be achievable in the first few decades of the 21st century. Look how that turned out...", "Immortality is kind of hard to define, really. Some define it as an absence of aging, so a \"biological immortality,\" but not necessarily being invulnerable to death by disease/physical trauma. But then there are theories that in the future, with technology, we could \"upload our minds,\" so that could be solved, too. It's interesting how many possibilities of \"immortality\" there are.", "I think it's hard to be an expert on it. I just find it interesting, and read the different theories. Like, for instance, some people seem that it will be inevitable because in many religious contexts, it's often stated to be one of the promises of God and other deities, something rewarded to human beings who show goodness, or who make sure to follow divine law and what not.", "Absolutely. Sometimes hard to grasp, honestly, because of how big the \"question\" and \"answer\" is of it all. It's something that can't really be \"agreed\" on, you know? Like, what form an unending human life would take, or whether an immaterial soul exists and possesses immortality.. all of this has been a major point of focus of religion, and a big subject of speculation, fantasy, and debate. People love to think and talk about it. And argue.. of course." ]

[ "Immortality", "Immortality", "Immortality", "Immortality" ]

[ "Hamilton (musical)", "I have heard that is a really good one~", "How long has it been around?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ Hamilton: An American Musical is a sung- and rapped-through musical about the life of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, with music, lyrics and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda, inspired by the 2004 biography \"Alexander Hamilton\" by historian Ron Chernow.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ Notably incorporating hip-hop, rhythm and blues, pop music, soul music, traditional-style show tunes and color-conscious casting of non-white actors as the Founding Fathers and other historical figures, the musical achieved both critical acclaim and box office success.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The musical made its Off-Broadway debut at The Public Theater in February 2015, where its engagement was sold out.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The show transferred to Broadway in August 2015 at the Richard Rodgers Theatre.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ On Broadway, it received enthusiastic critical reception and unprecedented advance box office sales.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ In 2016, \"Hamilton\" received a record-setting 16 Tony nominations, winning 11, including Best Musical, and was also the recipient of the 2016 Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album and the 2016 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The prior off-Broadway production of \"Hamilton\" won the 2015 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Musical as well as seven other Drama Desk Awards out of 14 total nominated categories." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ Hamilton: An American Musical is a sung- and rapped-through musical about the life of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, with music, lyrics and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda, inspired by the 2004 biography \"Alexander Hamilton\" by historian Ron Chernow.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ Notably incorporating hip-hop, rhythm and blues, pop music, soul music, traditional-style show tunes and color-conscious casting of non-white actors as the Founding Fathers and other historical figures, the musical achieved both critical acclaim and box office success.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The musical made its Off-Broadway debut at The Public Theater in February 2015, where its engagement was sold out.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The show transferred to Broadway in August 2015 at the Richard Rodgers Theatre.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ On Broadway, it received enthusiastic critical reception and unprecedented advance box office sales.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ In 2016, \"Hamilton\" received a record-setting 16 Tony nominations, winning 11, including Best Musical, and was also the recipient of the 2016 Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album and the 2016 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The prior off-Broadway production of \"Hamilton\" won the 2015 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Musical as well as seven other Drama Desk Awards out of 14 total nominated categories.", "St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool __knowledge__ St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church is a former church in Seel Street, Liverpool, Merseyside, England now transformed into a restaurant and bar called Alma de Cuba - \"the soul of Cuba\".", "St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool __knowledge__ St. Peter's was built in 1788 by Rev A.B.", "St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool __knowledge__ MacDonald of the Order of St Benedict (O.S.B.", "St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool __knowledge__ ); the area was mostly rural at the time.", "St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool __knowledge__ The church survived as a Catholic building until 1976, after which it served the local Polish community for a short time.", "St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool __knowledge__ For this reason it is affectionately known as 'the Polish Church'.", "St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool __knowledge__ Until its closure, St. Peter's was the oldest Catholic Church in Liverpool.", "St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, Liverpool __knowledge__ It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.", "Mienai Chikara (Invisible One)/Move __knowledge__ \"Mienai Chikara ~Invisible One~ / Move\" is the nineteenth single and first Double A-side by B'z, released on March 6, 1996.", "Mienai Chikara (Invisible One)/Move __knowledge__ The release is one of the band's many number-one singles in the Oricon chart.", "Mienai Chikara (Invisible One)/Move __knowledge__ \"Mienai Chikara ~Invisible One~\" was used as the first ending theme of anime series \"Hell Teacher Nūbē\".", "Mienai Chikara (Invisible One)/Move __knowledge__ It sold over 1,236,000 copies according to Oricon.", "A Cup of Day __knowledge__ The album consists of four previously released singles, such as \"Hello Goodbye\", \"Overjoyed\", \"Destiny ~21 Another One~\" and \"Final Way\".", "A Cup of Day __knowledge__ Their third single \"Destiny ~21 Another One~\" is an alternative version of their song \"Destiny\" which was included in debut single \"Hello..goodbye\" as a coupling song.", "A Cup of Day __knowledge__ \"Overjoyed\" is a japanese cover of the famous song by Stevie Wonder which includes completely new melody and translated lyrics into japanese.", "A Cup of Day __knowledge__ This song along with their fourth single Final Way were included in the compilation album \"Giza Studio Masterpiece Blend 2001\".", "A Cup of Day __knowledge__ \"Yes...no\" is a coupling song from their second single.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ Gathering of the Vibes (often abbreviated as GOTV) is an annual four-day music, camping and arts festival that celebrates the Grateful Dead and showcases a diverse variety of music.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ Over the course of the event, styles often include; funk, bluegrass, rock, jam band, jazz, reggae, R&B and folk music.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ Since 1996, GOTV has brought many bands to the New England area during the summer season.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ There are two main stages that alternate bands so that festival goers experience music all day and into the night.", "Gathering of the Vibes __knowledge__ A short stroll down the beach is the \"Green Vibes Stage\" which showcases some of the Northeast's finest talent.", "Adyghe morphology __knowledge__ In Adyghe, like all Northwest Caucasian languages, morphology is the most important part of the grammar.", "Adyghe morphology __knowledge__ An Adyghe word, besides that it has its own lexical meaning, sometimes, by the set of morphemes it is built of and by their aggregate grammatical meanings, can reproduce a sentence.", "Adyghe morphology __knowledge__ For example, a verb by its set of morphemes can express subject's and object's person, place, time, manner of action, negative, and other types of grammatical categories.", "Adyghe morphology __knowledge__ For example: къыпфэсхьыщтэп \"I will not bring it for you\" consists of these morphemes: къы-п-фэ-с-хьы-щт-эп – which have these literal meanings \"from there (къы) you (п) for you (фэ) I (с) bring (хьы) will (attribute of the future tense - щт) not (эп)\".", "2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ The 2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships was an international figure skating competition in the 2013–14 season.", "2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ It was held at the Taipei Arena in Taipei, Chinese Taipei on January 20–26.", "2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing.", "2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ The event featured a total of 94 athletes from 15 nations from North America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania.", "2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ There were 29 competitors in the men's event and 21 competitors in the ladies' event.", "2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ There was also 7 pair teams and 15 ice dancing teams.", "2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ The competition was held at the Taipei Arena.", "2014 Four Continents Figure Skating Championships __knowledge__ Completed at the end of August 2005, it is located on the intersection of Dunhua North Road and Section 4 of Nanjing East Road in Shongshan District.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The 2015 AAA Texas 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race held on November 8, 2015, at Texas Motor Speedway in Fort Worth, Texas.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Contested over 334 laps on the 1.5 mile (2.4 km) intermediate quad-oval, it was the 34th race of the 2015 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, eighth race of the Chase and second race of the Eliminator Round.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Jimmie Johnson won the race, his fifth of the season.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Brad Keselowski finished second.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Kevin Harvick, Kyle Busch and Carl Edwards rounded out the top-five.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ Keselowski won the pole for the race and led a race high of 312 laps on his way to a runner-up finish.", "2015 AAA Texas 500 __knowledge__ The race had 15 lead changes among eight different drivers, as well as nine caution flag periods for 47 laps.", "Green Day __knowledge__ Green Day is an American punk rock band formed in 1986 by lead vocalist and guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong and bassist Mike Dirnt.", "Green Day __knowledge__ For much of the band's career, they have been a trio with drummer Tré Cool, who replaced John Kiffmeyer in 1990 prior to the recording of the band's second studio album, \"Kerplunk\" (1991).", "Green Day __knowledge__ Guitarist Jason White, who has been a touring member since 1999, was a member from 2012 to 2016.", "Green Day __knowledge__ Green Day was originally part of the punk scene at the DIY 924 Gilman Street club in Berkeley, California.", "Green Day __knowledge__ The band's early releases were with the independent record label Lookout!", "Green Day __knowledge__ Records.", "Stephen Sondheim __knowledge__ Stephen Joshua Sondheim (; born March 22, 1930) is an American composer and lyricist known for more than a half-century of contributions to musical theater.", "Stephen Sondheim __knowledge__ Sondheim has received an Academy Award, eight Tony Awards (more than any other composer, including a Special Tony Award for Lifetime Achievement in the Theatre), eight Grammy Awards, a Pulitzer Prize, a Laurence Olivier Award, and a 2015 Presidential Medal of Freedom.", "Stephen Sondheim __knowledge__ He has been described by Frank Rich of \"The New York Times\" as \"now the greatest and perhaps best-known artist in the American musical theater.\"", "Stephen Sondheim __knowledge__ His best-known works as composer and lyricist include \"A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum\", \"Company\", \"Follies\", \"A Little Night Music\", \"Pacific Overtures\", \"\", \"Merrily We Roll Along\", \"Sunday in the Park with George\", \"Into the Woods\", \"Assassins\", and \"Passion\".", "5th People's Choice Awards __knowledge__ The 5th People's Choice Awards, honoring the best in popular culture for 1978, were held in 1979.", "5th People's Choice Awards __knowledge__ They were broadcast on CBS.", "5th People's Choice Awards __knowledge__ FAVORITE FEMALE PERFORMER IN A NEW TV PROGRAM Pam Dawber FAVORITE FEMALE TV PERFORMER Mary Tyler Moore Carol Burnett FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE SUPPORTING ACTOR Jerry Reed FAVORITE NON-MUSICAL MOTION PICTURE Animal House FAVORITE OVERALL MOTION PICTURE Grease FAVORITE OVERALL NEW TV PROGRAM Mork & Mindy FAVORITE ALL-AROUND MALE ENTERTAINER Burt Reynolds FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE ACTRESS Olivia Newton-John FAVORITE ALL-AROUND FEMALE ENTERTAINER Carol Burnett FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE SUPPORTING ACTRESS Stockard Channing FAVORITE NEW TV COMEDY PROGRAM Mork & Mindy FAVORITE TV COMEDY PROGRAM M*A*S*H FAVORITE TV DRAMATIC PROGRAM Little House on the Prairie FAVORITE TV VARIETY PROGRAM Donny & Marie FAVORITE MALE PERFORMER IN A NEW TV PROGRAM Robin Williams FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE ACTOR Burt Reynolds FAVORITE MALE TV PERFORMER Alan Alda FAVORITE MUSICAL MOTION PICTURE Grease FAVORITE FEMALE MUSICAL PERFORMER Olivia Newton-John FAVORITE MALE MUSICAL PERFORMER Billy Joel Andy Gibb FAVORITE NEW SONG \"Double Vision\" FAVORITE NEW TV DRAMATIC PROGRAM Battlestar Galactica", "13th People's Choice Awards __knowledge__ The 13th People's Choice Awards, honoring the best in popular culture for 1986, were held in 1987.", "13th People's Choice Awards __knowledge__ They were broadcast on CBS.", "13th People's Choice Awards __knowledge__ FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE ACTRESS Meryl Streep FAVORITE TV COMEDY PROGRAM The Cosby Show FAVORITE COUNTRY MUSIC PERFORMER Kenny Rogers FAVORITE FEMALE PERFORMER IN A NEW TV PROGRAM Pam Dawber FAVORITE FEMALE TV PERFORMER Cybill Shepherd FAVORITE GAME SHOW HOST Pat Sajak FAVORITE NEW TV COMEDY PROGRAM Alf FAVORITE ALL-AROUND FEMALE ENTERTAINER Barbara Mandrell Cybill Shepherd FAVORITE YOUNG TV PERFORMER Emmanuel Lewis FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE Top Gun FAVORITE MOTION PICTURE ACTOR Clint Eastwood FAVORITE NEW TV DRAMATIC PROGRAM L.A. Law FAVORITE NIGHTTIME DRAMATIC SERIAL Dallas Dynasty FAVORITE TV DRAMATIC PROGRAM Hill Street Blues FAVORITE ALL-AROUND MALE ENTERTAINER Bill Cosby FAVORITE FEMALE MUSICAL PERFORMER Whitney Houston Madonna FAVORITE MALE MUSICAL PERFORMER Lionel Richie FAVORITE MALE PERFORMER IN A NEW TV PROGRAM Andy Griffith FAVORITE MALE TV PERFORMER Bill Cosby FAVORITE MUSIC VIDEO \"Dancing on the Ceiling\" FAVORITE MUSICAL GROUP Alabama FAVORITE TALK SHOW HOST Johnny Carson", "The Drowsy Chaperone __knowledge__ The Drowsy Chaperone is a musical with book by Bob Martin and Don McKellar and music and lyrics by Lisa Lambert and Greg Morrison.", "The Drowsy Chaperone __knowledge__ It is a parody of American musical comedy of the 1920s.", "The Drowsy Chaperone __knowledge__ The story concerns a middle-aged, asocial musical theatre fan; as he plays the record of his favorite musical, the (fictional) 1928 hit \"The Drowsy Chaperone\", the show comes to life onstage as he wryly comments on the music, story, and actors.", "The Drowsy Chaperone __knowledge__ \"The Drowsy Chaperone\" debuted in 1998 at The Rivoli in Toronto and opened on Broadway on 1 May 2006.", "The Drowsy Chaperone __knowledge__ The show was nominated for multiple Broadway (2006) and London (2008) theatre awards, winning five Tony Awards and seven Drama Desk Awards.", "Alexander Hamilton __knowledge__ Alexander Hamilton (January 11, 1755 or 1757July 12, 1804) was an American statesman and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States.", "Alexander Hamilton __knowledge__ He was an influential interpreter and promoter of the U.S. Constitution, as well as the founder of the nation's financial system, the Federalist Party, the United States Coast Guard, and \"The New York Post\" newspaper.", "Alexander Hamilton __knowledge__ As the first Secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton was the main author of the economic policies of the George Washington administration.", "Alexander Hamilton __knowledge__ He took the lead in the funding of the states' debts by the Federal government, as well as the establishment of a national bank, a system of tariffs, and friendly trade relations with Britain." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ Hamilton: An American Musical is a sung- and rapped-through musical about the life of American Founding Father Alexander Hamilton, with music, lyrics and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda, inspired by the 2004 biography \"Alexander Hamilton\" by historian Ron Chernow.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ Notably incorporating hip-hop, rhythm and blues, pop music, soul music, traditional-style show tunes and color-conscious casting of non-white actors as the Founding Fathers and other historical figures, the musical achieved both critical acclaim and box office success.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The musical made its Off-Broadway debut at The Public Theater in February 2015, where its engagement was sold out.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The show transferred to Broadway in August 2015 at the Richard Rodgers Theatre.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ On Broadway, it received enthusiastic critical reception and unprecedented advance box office sales.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ In 2016, \"Hamilton\" received a record-setting 16 Tony nominations, winning 11, including Best Musical, and was also the recipient of the 2016 Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album and the 2016 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.", "Hamilton (musical) __knowledge__ The prior off-Broadway production of \"Hamilton\" won the 2015 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Musical as well as seven other Drama Desk Awards out of 14 total nominated categories.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ Long Beach is a city on the Pacific Coast of the United States, within the Greater Los Angeles area of Southern California.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ As of 2010, its population was 462,257.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ It is the 36th most populous city in the United States and the 7th most populous in California.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ Long Beach is the second largest city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, and the third largest in Southern California behind Los Angeles and San Diego.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ The Port of Long Beach is the second busiest container port in the United States and is among the world's largest shipping ports.", "Long Beach, California __knowledge__ The city also maintains a progressively declining oil industry with minor wells located both directly beneath the city as well as offshore.", "Battle of Long Tan __knowledge__ The Battle of Long Tan (18 August 1966) took place in a rubber plantation near Long Tan, in Phuoc Tuy Province, South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.", "Battle of Long Tan __knowledge__ The action was fought between Viet Cong and North Vietnamese units and elements of the 1st Australian Task Force (1 ATF) shortly after its lodgement in Phuoc Tuy.", "Battle of Long Tan __knowledge__ 1 ATF began arriving between April and June 1966, constructing a base at Nui Dat which was located astride a major communist transit and resupply route and was close to a Viet Cong base area.", "Battle of Long Tan __knowledge__ After two months it had moved beyond the initial requirements of establishing itself and securing its immediate approaches, beginning operations to open the province.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ The \"Warriors\" novel series is written by Erin Hunter.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Due to the large number of characters present in the novel series, this list is divided by Clan, e.g., all characters in ThunderClan are listed together.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Each cat has a prefix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawn, Violet etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ As a young kit they will have -kit at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnkit Violetkit.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When they are an apprentice -paw will be at the end of their name.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnpaw Violetpaw.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ When that cat is a warrior or medicine cat they will have a suffix.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: -fur -pelt -cloud -flame -wing -song etc.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ Eg: Dawnsong Violetflame.", "List of Warriors characters __knowledge__ That is if they are in one of the clans like ThunderClan, RiverClan, WindClan, ShadowClan, Skyclan.", "Battle of Phuoc Long __knowledge__ The Battle of Phước Long was a decisive battle of the Vietnam War which began on December 12, 1974, and concluded on January 6, 1975.", "Battle of Phuoc Long __knowledge__ The battle involved the deployment of the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) 4th Army Corps for the first time, against determined units of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) in Phước Long in Bình Phước Province near the Cambodian border (to be distinguished from the other Phước Long in Bạc Liêu Province, south of Saigon), under the command of Lieutenant General Dư Quốc Đống.", "Battle of Phuoc Long __knowledge__ On December 12, 1974, the PAVN 4th Army Corps launched their campaign against Phước Long aiming to achieve three key objectives.", "Huey Long __knowledge__ Huey Pierce Long Jr. (August 30, 1893 – September 10, 1935), self-nicknamed The Kingfish, was an American politician who served as the 40th governor of Louisiana from 1928 to 1932 and as a member of the United States Senate from 1932 until his assassination in 1935.", "Huey Long __knowledge__ As the political leader of Louisiana, he commanded wide networks of supporters and was willing to take forceful action.", "Huey Long __knowledge__ He established the long-term political prominence of the Long family.", "Huey Long __knowledge__ A Democrat and an outspoken populist, Long denounced the wealthy and the banks.", "Huey Long __knowledge__ Initially a supporter of Franklin D. Roosevelt during his first 100 days in office, Long eventually came to believe that Roosevelt's \"New Deal\" policies did not do enough to alleviate the issues of the poor.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the California coast, the use of ships and the Pacific Ocean has historically included water craft (such as dugouts, canoes, sailing ships, and steamships), fisheries, shipbuilding, Gold Rush shipping, ports, shipwrecks, naval ships and installations, and lighthouses.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ The maritime history of California can be divided into several periods: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1847; and United States statehood period, which continues to the present day.", "Maritime history of California __knowledge__ In the northwest coast of California near the redwood forests several Indian tribes developed large dugout canoes they used for fishing, trade and warfare.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This article is about the characters in Brian Jacques' fantasy series \"Redwall\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ This is a list of the Abbey Warriors from the books \"The Legend of Luke\" to \"Eulalia!\".", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Martin I is an anthropomorphic mouse, appearing in the \"Redwall\" series by Brian Jacques.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Known as \"Martin the Warrior\" throughout the Redwall series, Martin, a woodland mouse, is the son of Luke the Warrior and his mate Sayna.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke is the kindly leader of an idyllic tribe of mice.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Their settlement is sacked by a wicked stoat pirate named Vilu Daskar, and Sayna is killed.", "List of Redwall characters __knowledge__ Luke vows revenge against the corsair captain and sets out after him, refusing Martin's wishes to join him, but leaving his sword in his son's possession.", "In the Heights __knowledge__ In the Heights is a musical with music and lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda and a book by Quiara Alegría Hudes.", "In the Heights __knowledge__ The story is set over the course of three days, involving characters in the largely Hispanic-American neighborhood of Washington Heights in New York City.", "In the Heights __knowledge__ After productions at the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center in Connecticut (2005) and Off-Broadway (2007), the show opened in a Broadway production in March 2008.", "In the Heights __knowledge__ This production was nominated for thirteen Tony Awards, winning four: Best Musical, Best Original Score, Best Choreography (Andy Blankenbuehler), and Best Orchestrations (Alex Lacamoire and Bill Sherman).", "Lin-Manuel Miranda __knowledge__ Lin-Manuel Miranda (; born January 16, 1980) is an American composer, lyricist, playwright, and actor best known for creating and starring in the Broadway musicals \"Hamilton\" and \"In the Heights\".", "Lin-Manuel Miranda __knowledge__ He co-wrote the songs for Disney's \"Moana\" soundtrack (2016) and is set to star in their upcoming film \"Mary Poppins Returns\".", "Lin-Manuel Miranda __knowledge__ Miranda's awards include a Pulitzer Prize, three Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, and three Tony Awards.", "Lin-Manuel Miranda __knowledge__ Miranda wrote the music and lyrics for the musical \"In the Heights\", which premiered on Broadway in 2008.", "Lin-Manuel Miranda __knowledge__ For this work, he won the 2008 Tony Award for Best Original Score, the show's cast album won the 2009 Grammy Award for Best Musical Theater Album and the show won the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "Hamilton (album) __knowledge__ Hamilton is the cast album to the 2015 musical \"Hamilton\".", "Hamilton (album) __knowledge__ The musical is based on the 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton written by Ron Chernow, with music, lyrics, and book by Lin-Manuel Miranda and Jeremy McCarter.", "Hamilton (album) __knowledge__ The recording stars Lin-Manuel Miranda, Leslie Odom Jr., Phillipa Soo, Renée Elise Goldsberry, Christopher Jackson, Daveed Diggs, Anthony Ramos, Okieriete Onaodowan, Jasmine Cephas Jones, and Jonathan Groff.", "Hamilton (album) __knowledge__ It also features Jon Rua, Thayne Jasperson, Sydney James Harcourt, Ariana DeBose, and Sasha Hutchings.", "Hamilton (album) __knowledge__ It achieved the largest first week sales for a digital cast album and is the highest-charting cast album since 1963.", "Alex Lacamoire __knowledge__ Alex Lacamoire (born May 24, 1975) is an American musician of Cuban descent, an arranger, conductor, musical director, music copyist, and orchestrator who has worked on many shows both on and off Broadway.", "Alex Lacamoire __knowledge__ He is the recipient of multiple Tony and Grammy Awards for his work on shows such as \"In the Heights\" (2008), \"Hamilton\" (2016), and \"Dear Evan Hansen\" (2017).", "Alex Lacamoire __knowledge__ Lacamoire was born in Los Angeles, California, and began to play piano at age four.", "Alex Lacamoire __knowledge__ He and his family moved to Miami, Florida when he was 9.", "Alex Lacamoire __knowledge__ He entered Southwood Middle School, a school known for its fine arts program, and went on to New World School of the Arts.", "Miranda Sings __knowledge__ Miranda Sings is a fictional character, developed on the internet, created in 2008 and portrayed by American comedian, actress and YouTube personality Colleen Ballinger.", "Miranda Sings __knowledge__ Ballinger displays videos of the comically talentless, egotistical, misguided and quirky character on her YouTube channel.", "Miranda Sings __knowledge__ In these videos, the eccentric, narcissistic, yet endearing character sings and dances badly, gives inept \"tutorials\", recounts her daily activities, discusses current events that she often misunderstands, collaborates with other YouTubers, and rants about her critics, reading examples of hate mail directed at the character on social media; she responds to them with her catchphrase: \"Haters Back Off!\".", "Almost Like Praying __knowledge__ \"Almost Like Praying\" is a song written by Lin-Manuel Miranda and recorded by him and numerous artists under the collective name Artists for Puerto Rico.", "Almost Like Praying __knowledge__ The song was released on October 6, 2017 by Atlantic Records to support relief efforts in Puerto Rico in response to Hurricane Maria, which struck the island in September 2017.", "Almost Like Praying __knowledge__ Proceeds from the song are to be donated to the victims and survivors of the hurricane.", "Almost Like Praying __knowledge__ The song debuted at number 20 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and number one on the \"Billboard\" Digital Songs Sales chart, selling 111,000 downloads and achieving 5.2 million streams in its first week of availability in the US." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 1 ]

[ "My favorite musical is Hamilton.", "It was all done by Lin-Manuel Miranda.", "It was based on the 2005 biography \"Alexander Hamilton\". So I would guess then." ]

[ "Hamilton (musical)", "Hamilton (musical)", "Hamilton (musical)" ]

[ "Violin", "Who created the violin?", "Wow violin dates back to such a period of time?", "Are there electronic violins?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Violin __knowledge__ Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.", "Violin __knowledge__ They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition, both in ensembles (from chamber music to orchestras) and as solo instruments and in many varieties of folk music, including country music, bluegrass music and in jazz.", "Violin __knowledge__ Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion, with the pickups plugged into instrument amplifiers and speakers to produce sound.", "Violin __knowledge__ Further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Violin __knowledge__ Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.", "Violin __knowledge__ They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition, both in ensembles (from chamber music to orchestras) and as solo instruments and in many varieties of folk music, including country music, bluegrass music and in jazz.", "Violin __knowledge__ Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion, with the pickups plugged into instrument amplifiers and speakers to produce sound.", "Violin __knowledge__ Further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ The six sonatas for violin and obbligato harpsichord BWV 1014–1019 by Johann Sebastian Bach are works in trio sonata form, with the two upper parts in the harpsichord and violin over a bass line supplied by the harpsichord and an optional viola da gamba.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ Unlike baroque sonatas for solo instrument and continuo, where the realisation of the figured bass was left to the discretion of the performer, the keyboard part in the sonatas was almost entirely specified by Bach.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ They were probably mostly composed during Bach's final years in Cöthen between 1720 and 1723, before he moved to Leipzig.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ The extant sources for the collection span the whole of Bach's period in Leipzig, during which time he continued to make changes to the score.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ The harpsichord concertos, BWV 1052–1065, are concertos for harpsichord, strings and continuo by Johann Sebastian Bach.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ There are seven complete concertos for a single harpsichord (BWV 1052–1058), three concertos for two harpsichords (BWV 1060–1062), two concertos for three harpsichords (BWV 1063 and 1064), and one concerto for four harpsichords (BWV 1065).", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ Two other concertos include solo harpsichord parts: the concerto BWV 1044, which has solo parts for harpsichord, violin and flute, and \"Brandenburg Concerto\" No.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ 5 in D major, with the same scoring.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ In addition, there is a nine-bar concerto fragment for harpsichord (BWV 1059) which adds an oboe to the strings and continuo.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Gajananrao Joshi __knowledge__ Gajanan Anant Joshi also Gajananbuwa Joshi (30 January 1911 – 1987) was a unique and versatile vocalist and a renowned violinist in the field of Hindustani music.", "Gajananrao Joshi __knowledge__ Pandit Gajananrao Joshi also known, respectfully and affectionately, as Gajananbuwa Joshi came from a family of musicians.", "Gajananrao Joshi __knowledge__ His grandfather Manohar had studied dhrupad and dhamar, and his father Anant Manohar Joshi was a distinguished khayal singer who had studied under Balakrishnabuwa Ichalkaranjikar.", "Gajananrao Joshi __knowledge__ Gajananbuwa studied \"gayaki\" of Gwalior gharana under his father and also under other teachers in whom he found something to learn, and assimilated other styles in his art.", "List of compositions by Jan Ladislav Dussek __knowledge__ This is a list of compositions by Jan Ladislav Dussek.", "List of compositions by Jan Ladislav Dussek __knowledge__ Cataloging Dussek's compositions has a history of its own.", "List of compositions by Jan Ladislav Dussek __knowledge__ Dussek's oeuvre has historically been difficult to organize, due in part to the number of publishers who originally published his work, and to the fact that some of his works were published by more than one publisher.", "List of compositions by Jan Ladislav Dussek __knowledge__ Some works published by different publishers were assigned different opus numbers; sometimes different works were given then same opus number by different publishers.", "List of compositions by Jan Ladislav Dussek __knowledge__ Dussek further complicated this by arranging works for different instrument combinations.", "List of compositions by Jan Ladislav Dussek __knowledge__ The Artaria Company published a thematic catalog of his works that is incomplete, prompting Howard Craw to develop a new thematic catalog in 1964.", "The Red Violin __knowledge__ The Red Violin () is a 1998 Canadian drama film directed by François Girard and starring Samuel L. Jackson, Carlo Cecchi and Sylvia Chang.", "The Red Violin __knowledge__ It spans four centuries and five countries as it tells the story of a mysterious red-coloured violin and its many owners.", "The Red Violin __knowledge__ The instrument, made in Cremona in 1681 with a future forecast by tarot cards, makes its way to Montreal in 1997, where an appraiser identifies it and it goes to auction.", "The Red Violin __knowledge__ The film was an international co-production among companies in Canada, Italy, and the United Kingdom.", "The Red Violin __knowledge__ The screenplay was written by Don McKellar, who also acts, and Girard, inspired by a historic 1720 Stradivarius violin nicknamed the \"Red Mendelssohn\".", "Cello __knowledge__ The cello ( ; plural cellos or celli) or violoncello ( ; ) is a bowed, and sometimes plucked, string instrument with four strings tuned in perfect fifths.", "Cello __knowledge__ The strings from low to high are generally tuned to C, G, D and A, an octave lower than the viola.", "Cello __knowledge__ It is the bass member of the violin family of musical instruments, which also includes the violin, viola and the double bass.", "Cello __knowledge__ The cello is used as a solo musical instrument, as well as in chamber music ensembles (e.g., string quartet), string orchestras, as a member of the string section of symphony orchestras, and some types of rock bands.", "Cello __knowledge__ It is the second-largest and second lowest (in pitch) bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra, the double bass being the largest and having the lowest (deepest) pitch.", "String instrument __knowledge__ String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.", "String instrument __knowledge__ Musicians play some string instruments by plucking the strings with their fingers or a plectrum—and others by hitting the strings with a light wooden hammer or by rubbing the strings with a bow.", "String instrument __knowledge__ In some keyboard instruments, such as the harpsichord , the musician presses a key that plucks the string.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With bowed instruments, the player rubs the strings with a horsehair bow, causing them to vibrate.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician operates a mechanical wheel that rubs the strings.", "Viol __knowledge__ The viol , viola da gamba , or (informally) gamba, is any one of a family of bowed, fretted and stringed instruments with hollow wooden bodies and pegboxes where the tension on the strings can be increased or decreased to adjust the pitch of each of the strings.", "Viol __knowledge__ Frets on the viol are usually made of gut, tied on the fingerboard around the instrument's neck, to enable the performer to stop the strings more cleanly.", "Viol __knowledge__ Frets improve consistency of intonation and lend the stopped notes a tone which better matches the open strings.", "Viol __knowledge__ Viols first appeared in Spain in the mid to late 15th century and were most popular in the Renaissance and Baroque (1600-1750) periods.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Violin family __knowledge__ The violin family of musical instruments was developed in Italy in the 16th century.", "Violin family __knowledge__ At the time the name of this family of instruments was violas da braccio which was used to distinguish them from the viol family (violas \"da gamba\").", "Violin family __knowledge__ The standard modern violin family consists of the violin, viola, cello, and double bass.", "Violin family __knowledge__ Instrument names in the violin family are all derived from the root \"viola\", which is a derivative of the Medieval Latin word \"vitula\" (meaning \"stringed instrument\").", "Violin family __knowledge__ A \"violin\" is a \"little viola\", a \"violone\" is a \"big viola\" or a bass violin, and a \"violoncello\" (often abbreviated \"cello\") is a \"small violone\" (or literally, a \"small big viola\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Violin __knowledge__ Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.", "Violin __knowledge__ They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition, both in ensembles (from chamber music to orchestras) and as solo instruments and in many varieties of folk music, including country music, bluegrass music and in jazz.", "Violin __knowledge__ Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion, with the pickups plugged into instrument amplifiers and speakers to produce sound.", "Violin __knowledge__ Further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music.", "Henry Lémery __knowledge__ Henry Lémery (9 December 1874 – 26 April 1972) was a politician from Martinique who served in the French National Assembly from 1914–1919 and the French Senate from 1920–1941.", "Henry Lémery __knowledge__ Lémery was briefly Minister of Justice in 1934.", "Henry Lémery __knowledge__ During World War II (1939–45) he was Colonial Secretary in the Vichy government for three months in 1940 before being dismissed, probably because the Germans disapproved of his mulatto ancestry.", "Henry Lémery __knowledge__ Henry Lémery was born on 9 December 1874 in Saint-Pierre, Martinique.", "Henry Lémery __knowledge__ His family had been settled in the Antillean island of Martinique since the mid-17th century.", "Henry Lémery __knowledge__ He was a mulatto but was very light-skinned.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ WOW - Women Of Wrestling, aka WOW!, is a women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane, previously the founder of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ It is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner and president Jeanie Buss.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ The promotion launched a series of syndicated programs in the 2000-01 television seasons in 102 TV markets using a similar format of character driven performers, with names befitting a comic book series, such as Jungle Grrrl, an inmate tag-team complete with orange jump suits named Caged Heat, a Hollywood starlet named Lana Star, and the Persian Princess.", "National Capital Area Council __knowledge__ The National Capital Area Council (NCAC) is a local council of the Boy Scouts of America within the Northeast Region that serves Washington, D.C., Maryland, Virginia, and the United States Virgin Islands.", "National Capital Area Council __knowledge__ The council offers extensive training, and administrative support to units.", "National Capital Area Council __knowledge__ It is rated as a \"Class 100\" council by the National Council (headquarters office), which denotes that the NCAC is among the very largest in the country.", "National Capital Area Council __knowledge__ Chartered in 1911, it is also one of the oldest.", "National Capital Area Council __knowledge__ The council is divided into 22 districts serving ten counties in Northern Virginia, six counties in Maryland, the District of Columbia, the US Virgin Islands, and BSA units throughout North and South America.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ The six sonatas for violin and obbligato harpsichord BWV 1014–1019 by Johann Sebastian Bach are works in trio sonata form, with the two upper parts in the harpsichord and violin over a bass line supplied by the harpsichord and an optional viola da gamba.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ Unlike baroque sonatas for solo instrument and continuo, where the realisation of the figured bass was left to the discretion of the performer, the keyboard part in the sonatas was almost entirely specified by Bach.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ They were probably mostly composed during Bach's final years in Cöthen between 1720 and 1723, before he moved to Leipzig.", "Six Sonatas for Violin and Harpsichord, BWV 1014–1019 __knowledge__ The extant sources for the collection span the whole of Bach's period in Leipzig, during which time he continued to make changes to the score.", "Organ Sonatas (Bach) __knowledge__ The organ sonatas, BWV 525–530 by Johann Sebastian Bach are a collection of six sonatas in trio sonata form.", "Organ Sonatas (Bach) __knowledge__ Each of the sonatas has three movements, with three independent parts in the two manuals and obbligato pedal.", "Organ Sonatas (Bach) __knowledge__ The collection was put together in Leipzig in the late 1720s and contained reworkings of prior compositions by Bach from earlier cantatas, organ works and chamber music as well as some newly composed movements.", "Organ Sonatas (Bach) __knowledge__ The sixth sonata, BWV 530, is the only one for which all three movements were specially composed for the collection.", "Organ Sonatas (Bach) __knowledge__ When played on an organ, the second manual part is often played an octave lower on the keyboard with appropriate registration.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ The harpsichord concertos, BWV 1052–1065, are concertos for harpsichord, strings and continuo by Johann Sebastian Bach.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ There are seven complete concertos for a single harpsichord (BWV 1052–1058), three concertos for two harpsichords (BWV 1060–1062), two concertos for three harpsichords (BWV 1063 and 1064), and one concerto for four harpsichords (BWV 1065).", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ Two other concertos include solo harpsichord parts: the concerto BWV 1044, which has solo parts for harpsichord, violin and flute, and \"Brandenburg Concerto\" No.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ 5 in D major, with the same scoring.", "Keyboard concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ In addition, there is a nine-bar concerto fragment for harpsichord (BWV 1059) which adds an oboe to the strings and continuo.", "Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ Johann Sebastian Bach (28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the Baroque period.", "Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ He is known for instrumental compositions such as the \"Brandenburg Concertos\" and the \"Goldberg Variations\", and vocal music such as the \"St Matthew Passion\" and the Mass in B minor.", "Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ Since the 19th-century Bach Revival he has been generally regarded as one of the greatest composers of all time.", "Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ The Bach family already counted several composers when Johann Sebastian was born as the last child of a city musician in Eisenach.", "Johann Sebastian Bach __knowledge__ Having become an orphan at age 10, he lived for five years with his eldest brother, after which he continued his musical formation in Lüneburg.", "Clavier-Übung III __knowledge__ The Clavier-Übung III, sometimes referred to as the German Organ Mass, is a collection of compositions for organ by Johann Sebastian Bach, started in 1735–36 and published in 1739.", "Clavier-Übung III __knowledge__ It is considered Bach's most significant and extensive work for organ, containing some of his most musically complex and technically demanding compositions for that instrument.", "Clavier-Übung III __knowledge__ In its use of modal forms, motet-style and canons, it looks back to the religious music of masters of the stile antico, such as Frescobaldi, Palestrina, Lotti and Caldara.", "Clavier-Übung III __knowledge__ At the same time, Bach was forward-looking, incorporating and distilling modern baroque musical forms, such as the French-style chorale.", "Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565 __knowledge__ The Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565, is a piece of organ music written, according to its oldest extant sources, by Johann Sebastian Bach.", "Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565 __knowledge__ The piece opens with a toccata section, followed by a fugue that ends in a coda.", "Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565 __knowledge__ It is one of the most famous works in the organ repertoire.", "Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565 __knowledge__ Scholars differ as to when it was composed.", "Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565 __knowledge__ It could have been as early as 1704 (when the presumed composer was still in his teens), which would be one explanation for the unusual features; alternatively a date as late as the 1750s has been suggested (Bach died in 1750).", "Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565 __knowledge__ To a large extent the piece conforms to the characteristics deemed typical for the north German organ school of the baroque era with divergent stylistic influences, such as south German characteristics, described in scholarly literature on the piece.", "Bach House (Eisenach) __knowledge__ The Bach House in Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany, is a museum dedicated to the composer Johann Sebastian Bach who was born in the city.", "Bach House (Eisenach) __knowledge__ On its 600 m² it displays around 250 original exhibits, among them a Bach music autograph.", "Bach House (Eisenach) __knowledge__ The core of the building complex is a half-timbered house, ca.", "Bach House (Eisenach) __knowledge__ 550 years old, which was mistakenly identified as Bach's birth house in the middle of the 19th century.", "Bach House (Eisenach) __knowledge__ In 1905, the Leipzig-based Neue Bachgesellschaft acquired the building.", "Bach House (Eisenach) __knowledge__ In 1907, it was opened as the first Bach museum.", "Bach House (Eisenach) __knowledge__ The Bach family was a widespread musical family, with members working in musical professions throughout Thuringia since the first half of the 16th century until the end of the 18th century." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "Violin __knowledge__ Violins are important instruments in a wide variety of musical genres.", "Violin __knowledge__ They are most prominent in the Western classical tradition, both in ensembles (from chamber music to orchestras) and as solo instruments and in many varieties of folk music, including country music, bluegrass music and in jazz.", "Violin __knowledge__ Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion, with the pickups plugged into instrument amplifiers and speakers to produce sound.", "Violin __knowledge__ Further, the violin has come to be played in many non-Western music cultures, including Indian music and Iranian music.", "Bond graph __knowledge__ A bond graph is a graphical representation of a physical dynamic system.", "Bond graph __knowledge__ It allows the conversion of the system into a state-space representation.", "Bond graph __knowledge__ It is similar to a block diagram or signal-flow graph, with the major difference that the arcs in bond graphs represent bi-directional exchange of physical energy, while those in block diagrams and signal-flow graphs represent uni-directional flow of information.", "Bond graph __knowledge__ Bond graphs are multi-energy domain (e.g.", "Bond graph __knowledge__ mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, etc) and domain neutral.", "Bond graph __knowledge__ This means a bond graph can incorporate multiple domains seamlessly.", "Bond graph __knowledge__ The bond graph is composed of the \"bonds\" which link together \"single port\", \"double-port\" and \"multi-port\" elements (see below for details).", "Tuxedomoon __knowledge__ Tuxedomoon is an experimental, post-punk, new wave band from San Francisco, California, United States.", "Tuxedomoon __knowledge__ The band formed in the late 1970s at the beginning of the punk rock movement.", "Tuxedomoon __knowledge__ Pulling influence from punk and electronic music, the group, originally consisting of Steven Brown (born Steven Allan Brown on August 23, 1952, in Chicago, Illinois) and Blaine L. Reininger, used electronic violins, guitars, screaming vocals and synthesizers to develop a unique \"cabaret no-wave\" sound.", "Tuxedomoon __knowledge__ Bassist Peter Principle (Peter Dachert, 1954–2017) joined the band and in 1979 they released the single \"No Tears\", which remains a post-punk cult classic.", "Antonio Stradivari __knowledge__ Antonio Stradivari ; (1644 – December 18, 1737) was an Italian luthier and a crafter of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps.", "Antonio Stradivari __knowledge__ Stradivari is generally considered the most significant and greatest artisan in this field.", "Antonio Stradivari __knowledge__ The Latinized form of his surname, \"Stradivarius\", as well as the colloquial \"Strad\" are terms often used to refer to his instruments.", "Antonio Stradivari __knowledge__ It is estimated that Stradivari produced 1,116 instruments, 960 of which were violins.", "Antonio Stradivari __knowledge__ Around 650 instruments survived, including 450 to 512 violins.", "Antonio Stradivari __knowledge__ Antonio Stradivari's birthdate, presumably between 1644 and 1649, has been debated amongst historians due to the numerous inconsistencies in the evidence of the latter.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ An electric violin is a violin equipped with an electronic output of its sound.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ The term most properly refers to an instrument intentionally made to be electrified with built-in pickups, usually with a solid body.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ It can also refer to a violin fitted with an electric pickup of some type, although \"amplified violin\" or \"electro-acoustic violin\" are more accurate in that case.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ Electrically amplified violins have been used in one form or another since the 1920s; jazz and blues artist Stuff Smith is generally credited as being one of the first performers to adapt pickups and amplifiers to violins.", "Electric violin __knowledge__ The Electro Stringed Instrument Corporation, National String Instrument Corporation and Vega Company sold electric violins in the 1930s and 1940s; Fender produced a very small number of electric violins in 1958 (first production model pictured at the head of this page), and resissued it again in 1969 until 1975.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The violin, viola, and cello were first made in the early 16th century, in Italy.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The earliest evidence for their existence is in paintings by Gaudenzio Ferrari from the 1530s, though Ferrari's instruments had only three strings.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The \"Academie musicale\", a treatise written in 1556 by Philibert Jambe de Fer, gives a clear description of the violin family much as we know it today.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ Violins are likely to have been developed from a number of other string instruments of the 15th and 16th centuries, including the vielle, rebec, and lira da braccio.", "History of the violin __knowledge__ The history of bowed string instruments in Europe goes back to the 9th century with the Byzantine \"lira\" (or \"lūrā\", \"Greek: λύρα\").", "Orchestration __knowledge__ Orchestration is the study or practice of writing music for an orchestra (or, more loosely, for any musical ensemble, such as a concert band) or of adapting music composed for another medium for an orchestra.", "Orchestration __knowledge__ Also called \"instrumentation\", orchestration is the selection of different instruments to play the different parts (e.g., melody, bassline, etc.)", "Orchestration __knowledge__ of a musical work.", "Orchestration __knowledge__ For example, a work for solo piano could be adapted and orchestrated so that an orchestra could perform the piece, or a concert band piece could be orchestrated for a symphony orchestra.", "Orchestration __knowledge__ Only gradually over the course of music history did orchestration come to be regarded as a separate compositional art and profession in itself.", "Violino piccolo __knowledge__ The violino piccolo (also called the \"Diskantgeige\", \"Terzgeige\", \"Quartgeige\" or \"Violino alla francese\") is a stringed instrument of the baroque period.", "Violino piccolo __knowledge__ Most examples are similar to a child's size violin in size, and are tuned a minor third (B–F–C–G) or a fourth higher (C–G–D–A).", "Violino piccolo __knowledge__ Probably the most famous work featuring violino piccolo is the first Brandenburg Concerto of Johann Sebastian Bach.", "Violino piccolo __knowledge__ The best-known violino piccolo is the Brothers Amati example in the National Music Museum, in Vermillion, South Dakota.", "Violino piccolo __knowledge__ By modern measurements, the body is size, the neck size, and the head corresponds to that of a size instrument.", "Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140 __knowledge__ Bach composed this cantata to complete his second annual cycle of chorale cantatas, begun in 1724.", "Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140 __knowledge__ The cantata is based on the hymn in three stanzas \"\" (1599) by Philipp Nicolai, which covers the prescribed reading for the Sunday, the parable of the Ten Virgins.", "Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140 __knowledge__ The text and tune of the hymn appears unchanged in movements 1, 4 and 7.", "Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140 __knowledge__ An unknown author supplied poetry for the inner movements as sequences of recitative and duet, based on the love poetry of the Song of Songs.", "Wachet auf, ruft uns die Stimme, BWV 140 __knowledge__ Bach structured the cantata in seven movements, setting the first stanza as a chorale fantasia, the second (movement 4) in the style of a chorale prelude, and the third as a four-part chorale.", "Brandenburg Concertos __knowledge__ The Brandenburg Concertos by Johann Sebastian Bach (BWV 1046–1051, original title: Six Concerts à plusieurs instruments) are a collection of six instrumental works presented by Bach to Christian Ludwig, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt, in 1721 (though probably composed earlier).", "Brandenburg Concertos __knowledge__ They are widely regarded as some of the best orchestral compositions of the Baroque era.", "Brandenburg Concertos __knowledge__ Bach wrote out the music himself for presentation to the Margrave rather than leaving it to a copyist.", "Brandenburg Concertos __knowledge__ While he took the opportunity to revise the music, most likely, it was not freshly composed.", "Brandenburg Concertos __knowledge__ He appears to have selected the six pieces from concertos he had composed over a number of years while Kapellmeister at Köthen, and possibly extending back to his employment at Weimar (1708–17).", "Herr Christ, der einge Gottessohn, BWV 96 __knowledge__ Johann Sebastian Bach composed the church cantata (Lord Christ, the only Son of God), BWV 96, in Leipzig for the 18th Sunday after Trinity and first performed it on 8 October 1724.", "Herr Christ, der einge Gottessohn, BWV 96 __knowledge__ The chorale cantata, part of Bach's second annual cycle, is based on the hymn in five stanzas \"\" by Elisabeth Cruciger, published in \" in 1524.", "Herr Christ, der einge Gottessohn, BWV 96 __knowledge__ The hymn, related to mysticism and comparing Jesus to the Morning star, matches two aspects of the prescribed gospel for the Sunday, the Great Commandment and a theological dispute about the term \"Son of David\".", "Herr Christ, der einge Gottessohn, BWV 96 __knowledge__ An unknown poet kept the first and last stanza for the first and last movement of the cantata, and paraphrased the inner stanzas as four movements, alternating recitative and aria.", "Kit violin __knowledge__ The kit violin, dancing master's kit, or kit, is a stringed instrument.", "Kit violin __knowledge__ It is essentially a very small violin, designed to fit in a pocket – hence its other common name, the pochette (French for \"small pocket\").", "Kit violin __knowledge__ It was used by dance masters in royal courts and other places of nobility, as well as by street musicians until around the 18th century.", "Kit violin __knowledge__ Occasionally, the rebec was used in the same way.", "Kit violin __knowledge__ Several are called for (as \"violini piccoli alla francese\" – small French violins) in Monteverdi's 1607 \"Orfeo\".", "Kit violin __knowledge__ The word \"kit\" probably arose from an abbreviation of the word \"pocket\" to \"-cket\" and subsequently \"kit\"; alternatively, it may be a corruption of “cittern” ().", "Prince Johann Ernst of Saxe-Weimar __knowledge__ Johann Ernst of Saxe-Weimar () (25 December 1696 – 1 August 1715) was a German prince, son by his second marriage of Johann Ernst III, Duke of Saxe-Weimar.", "Prince Johann Ernst of Saxe-Weimar __knowledge__ Despite his early death he is remembered as a collector and commissioner of music and as a composer some of whose concertos were arranged for harpsichord or organ by Johann Sebastian Bach, who was court organist in Weimar at the time.", "Prince Johann Ernst of Saxe-Weimar __knowledge__ Johann Ernst was born in Weimar, the fourth son and sixth child of Johann Ernst III, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, and second child of the Duke's second wife, Charlotte Dorothea Sophia of Hesse-Homburg.", "Prince Johann Ernst of Saxe-Weimar __knowledge__ As a young child the prince took violin lessons from G.C." ] ]

[ 1, 10, 4, 8 ]

[ "violin or sometimes called fiddle is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "It was created by six sonatas for violin and obbligato harpsichord BWV 1014–1019 by Johann Sebastian Bach", "We also have the smaller variant known as he violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Electric violins with solid bodies and piezoelectric pickups are used in some forms of rock music and jazz fusion," ]

[ "Violin", "Violin", "Violin", "Violin" ]

[ "University of Chicago\nthe Uni of chicago seems nice", "oh yea thats cool", "wow thats super impressive", "oh yea i will, sounds great", "oh really thats awesome" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The University of Chicago (U of C, Chicago, or UChicago) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ It holds top-ten positions in various national and international rankings.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university is composed of the College, various graduate programs and interdisciplinary committees organized into five academic research divisions and seven professional schools.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Beyond the arts and sciences, Chicago is also well known for its professional schools, which include the Pritzker School of Medicine, the Booth School of Business, the Law School, the School of Social Service Administration, the Harris School of Public Policy Studies, the Divinity School and the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university currently enrolls 5,971 undergraduate students, and 16,016 students overall.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ University of Chicago scholars have played a major role in the development of many academic disciplines, including sociology, law, economics, literary criticism, religion and the behavioralism school of political science.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago's physics department and the Met Lab helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction (Chicago Pile-1) beneath the viewing stands of university's Stagg Field, a key part of the classified Manhattan Project effort of World War II.", "Varsity Series (Nottingham) __knowledge__ The Varsity Series, or the Charity Varsity Series, comprises a number of sports events pitching the University of Nottingham and Nottingham Trent University against each other in a university rivalry.", "Varsity Series (Nottingham) __knowledge__ It has been organised for the benefit of charity since 2004.", "Varsity Series (Nottingham) __knowledge__ The university that wins the most events is declared winner.", "Varsity Series (Nottingham) __knowledge__ One point and half a point are awarded for winning and drawing an event, respectively.", "Varsity Series (Nottingham) __knowledge__ The two institutions are based in Nottingham in the United Kingdom and the rivalry is contested in a variety of sports, although ice hockey is seen as the premier event and is the second most attended university ice hockey match outside of North America, selling out the 7,500-seat National Ice Centre since 2009.", "University of Northern Iowa __knowledge__ The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) is a university located in Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States.", "University of Northern Iowa __knowledge__ UNI offers more than 90 majors across the colleges of Business Administration, Education, Humanities, Arts, and Sciences, and Social and Behavioral sciences, and graduate college.", "University of Northern Iowa __knowledge__ UNI has consistently been named one of the \"Best in the Midwest\" in the Princeton Review Best 351 College Rankings guide, and has ranked second in the category \"public regional universities (Midwest)\" by U.S. News & World Report for twelve consecutive years.", "University of Northern Iowa __knowledge__ UNI's accounting program has consistently ranked in the top 10 universities in the nation for the pass rate of first-time candidates on the CPA Exam.", "Captain Universe __knowledge__ Captain Universe is a fictional character, a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.", "Captain Universe __knowledge__ It is the guardian and protector of Eternity.", "Captain Universe __knowledge__ Rather than a character with a single identity, Captain Universe is a persona that has merged with several hosts during its publication history.", "Captain Universe __knowledge__ Captain Universe first appeared in \"Micronauts\" #8 and was created by Bill Mantlo and Michael Golden.", "Captain Universe __knowledge__ Captain Universe hosts have appeared in either special one-shots or short stories throughout the years, initially in the first series of the \"Micronauts\" in 1979.", "Captain Universe __knowledge__ Captain Universe was the starring feature in issues #9-11 of the tryout series \"Marvel Spotlight\".", "Uni-Mind __knowledge__ The Uni-Mind is a fictional composite being in the Marvel Universe.", "Uni-Mind __knowledge__ The Uni-Mind and the Eternals were the creation of Jack Kirby.", "Uni-Mind __knowledge__ Normally the Uni-Mind is a mental gestalt entity and collective intelligence of at least seven Eternals, but Uni-Minds have also been composed of Eternals, humans, Deviants and Brethren; Varua of the Young Gods is also able to create a joining with her fellow Young Gods which is similar to the Uni-Mind.", "Uni-Mind __knowledge__ The Uni-Mind possesses all the powers, knowledge and combined intellect of those who are part of it, and all the participants share each other's knowledge and can gain new insights and perceptions.", "University Laboratory High School (Urbana, Illinois) __knowledge__ The University of Illinois Laboratory High School, known as Uni, or Uni High, was established in 1921 and is a laboratory school located on the engineering section of the University of Illinois campus in Urbana, Illinois.", "University Laboratory High School (Urbana, Illinois) __knowledge__ Its enrollment is approximately 300 students, spanning five years (the traditional grades 9-12, preceded by a composite 7th and 8th grade year known as the \"subfreshman\" year).", "University Laboratory High School (Urbana, Illinois) __knowledge__ The school is notable for the achievements of its alumni, including three Nobel laureates, a Pulitzer Prize winner, and a winner of Rupaul's Drag Race; in 2006 and 2008 it was recognized as a \"public elite\" school by \"Newsweek\" because of its students' high scores on the SAT.", "United News of India __knowledge__ United News of India (UNI) is a multilingual news agency in India.", "United News of India __knowledge__ It was founded in December 1961 as an English news agency.", "United News of India __knowledge__ Its commercial operations were started from 21 March 1961.", "United News of India __knowledge__ With its Univarta, a Hindi news service, UNI became one of the multilingual news service in the world.", "United News of India __knowledge__ In 1992, it started its Urdu news service and hence became the first news agency to provide Urdu news.", "United News of India __knowledge__ Currently, it is one of the important news agencies in India, supplying news in English, Hindi, and Urdu languages.", "United News of India __knowledge__ Its news bureaus are present in all state capitals and major cities of India.", "United News of India __knowledge__ Press Council of India (PCI) in its first Press Commission report (1952–1954) emphasized on the importance of second news agency so that they can act as corrective to each other.", "Superhjältejul __knowledge__ Superhjältejul (\"Superhero Christmas\") was the 2009 \"SVT Christmas calendar\" in Sveriges Television (broadcast in the channel SVT1), directed by Carl Englén, and the manuscript is written by Jan Vierth, Anders Sparring and Pasqual Vallin Johansson.", "Superhjältejul __knowledge__ This TV-series followed the TV-series \"Supersnällasilversara och Stålhenrik\" and was recorded during the Spring 2009.", "Superhjältejul __knowledge__ Since 2010 it is able to buy it on DVD.", "Superhjältejul __knowledge__ Supersnällasilversara (\"Super-nice Silver-Sara\") is a very kind superhero and loves collecting things, helping children and missions.", "Superhjältejul __knowledge__ She thinks the pensioner life on \"Julstjärnan\" is boring.", "Superhjältejul __knowledge__ She loves making food and baking." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The University of Chicago (U of C, Chicago, or UChicago) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ It holds top-ten positions in various national and international rankings.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university is composed of the College, various graduate programs and interdisciplinary committees organized into five academic research divisions and seven professional schools.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Beyond the arts and sciences, Chicago is also well known for its professional schools, which include the Pritzker School of Medicine, the Booth School of Business, the Law School, the School of Social Service Administration, the Harris School of Public Policy Studies, the Divinity School and the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university currently enrolls 5,971 undergraduate students, and 16,016 students overall.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ University of Chicago scholars have played a major role in the development of many academic disciplines, including sociology, law, economics, literary criticism, religion and the behavioralism school of political science.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago's physics department and the Met Lab helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction (Chicago Pile-1) beneath the viewing stands of university's Stagg Field, a key part of the classified Manhattan Project effort of World War II.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Butch Patterson: Private Dick is a Canadian serial comedy television series centering on the seedy exploits of a self-described premature ejaculating, alcoholic, kleptomaniac, sexually deviant private detective played by Canadian actor/comedian Greg Lawrence.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ The series had a three season run, airing on The Comedy Network.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Although the show was not a critical or commercial success, it maintains a small cult following.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ After the series' initial run, reruns were featured on the now defunct CBC Country Canada.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Since then, all three original seasons have been released on DVD.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Most of the episodes are focused around the cases that Butch Patterson is investigating at the time.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" (occasionally spelt as \"Oh Yea\") is a song by Ash, released as the fifth single from their album \"1977\" on 24 June 1996.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It was released as a single CD, a 7\" vinyl (the limited edition 7\" was yellow and came with a picture sleeve), and as a cassette.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ The UK Promo version of the track is thought of as quite rare, and a collector's item between fans.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It comes on orange 7\" vinyl and has the same track on both sides.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was the first single released after the release of \"1977\" and was their second Top 10 single, reaching number 6 in the UK singles chart.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It is probably Ash's best-known song and one of the best known from the Brit-Pop period.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ 1776 is a musical with music and lyrics by Sherman Edwards and a book by Peter Stone.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The story is based on the events surrounding the signing of the Declaration of Independence.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It dramatizes the efforts of John Adams to persuade his colleagues to vote for American independence and to sign the document.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It premiered on Broadway in 1969, earning warm reviews, and ran for 1,217 performances.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ The production was nominated for five Tony Awards and won three, including the Tony Award for Best Musical.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1972 it was made into a film adaptation.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ It was revived on Broadway in 1997.", "1776 (musical) __knowledge__ In 1925, Rodgers and Hart had written a musical about the American Revolution, called \"Dearest Enemy\".", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ One Second is Yello's fifth original studio album, having been preceded by a 'new mix' compilation the previous year.", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ Released in 1987, the album is noteworthy for featuring both Billy MacKenzie and Shirley Bassey, the latter singing vocals on \"The Rhythm Divine\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ The songs \"Call It Love\", \"Si Senor The Hairy Grill\", \"Moon On Ice\", \"Hawaiian Chance\" were used on episodes of \"Miami Vice\" and the song \"Santiago\" used as a sample from Dunya Yunis' \"Abu Zeluf\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ A couple of songs were also used in the 1990 film \"Nuns on the Run\".", "One Second (Yello album) __knowledge__ The song \"Si Senor The Hairy Grill\" was used as theme song for the Fox TV show \"The Edge\".", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Zameer Rizvi (born 5 February 1981) is a Canadian singer/songwriter, musician and composer.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ As a songwriter, Zameer's subject matter is usually inspired by personal experiences.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His songs vary anywhere from upbeat party-like music, to soulful reflective music, to political music reflecting his views on social justice.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ His honest writing style earned him worldwide recognition when his song about social injustice against athletes with disabilities, \"Win or Defeat\", was licensed as a theme song by the 2010 Paralympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi went on to perform the song at the 2010 Olympic Games.", "Zameer Rizvi __knowledge__ Rizvi garnered further success with strong sales of his debut album \"From Under the Bleachers\" from which the single \"Glory of Love\" rose to the 73rd spot on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 charts.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ The University of Southern California (USC or SC) is a private research university located in Los Angeles, California.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ Founded in 1880, it is the oldest private research university in California.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ USC has historically educated a large number of the region's business leaders and professionals.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim.", "University of Southern California __knowledge__ An engine for economic activity, USC contributes US$8 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles metropolitan area and California.", "University of South Carolina __knowledge__ The University of South Carolina (also referred to as USC, SC, South Carolina, or simply Carolina) is a public, co-educational research university in Columbia, South Carolina, United States, with seven satellite campuses.", "University of South Carolina __knowledge__ Its campus covers over in downtown Columbia not far from the South Carolina State House.", "University of South Carolina __knowledge__ The University is categorized by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching as having \"highest research activity.\"", "University of South Carolina __knowledge__ It has been ranked as an \"up-and-coming\" university by U.S. News & World Report, and its undergraduate and graduate International Business programs have ranked among the top three programs in the nation for over a decade.", "Northwestern University __knowledge__ Northwestern University (NU) is a private research university based in Evanston, Illinois, United States, with other campuses located in Chicago and Doha, Qatar, and academic programs and facilities in Washington, D.C., and San Francisco, California.", "Northwestern University __knowledge__ Along with its selective undergraduate programs, Northwestern is known for its highly ranked Kellogg School of Management, Pritzker School of Law, Feinberg School of Medicine, and Medill School of Journalism.", "Northwestern University __knowledge__ Northwestern is a large research university with a comprehensive doctoral program, attracting over $650 million in sponsored research each year.", "Duke University __knowledge__ Duke University is a private research university located in Durham, North Carolina.", "Duke University __knowledge__ Founded by Methodists and Quakers in the present-day town of Trinity in 1838, the school moved to Durham in 1892.", "Duke University __knowledge__ In 1924, tobacco and electric power industrialist James Buchanan Duke established The Duke Endowment, at which time the institution changed its name to honor his deceased father, Washington Duke.", "Duke University __knowledge__ Duke's campus spans over on three contiguous campuses in Durham as well as a marine lab in Beaufort.", "Duke University __knowledge__ The main campus—designed largely by architect Julian Abele—incorporates Gothic architecture with the Duke Chapel at the campus' center and highest point of elevation.", "Boston University __knowledge__ Boston University (commonly referred to as BU) is a private research university in Boston, Massachusetts.", "Boston University __knowledge__ The university is nonsectarian, and is historically affiliated with the United Methodist Church.", "Boston University __knowledge__ The university has more than 3,900 faculty members and nearly 33,000 students, and is one of Boston's largest employers.", "Boston University __knowledge__ It offers bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and doctorates, and medical, dental, business, and law degrees through 17 schools and colleges on two urban campuses.", "Boston University __knowledge__ The main campus is situated along the Charles River in Boston's Fenway-Kenmore and Allston neighborhoods, while the Boston University Medical Campus is in Boston's South End neighborhood.", "Johns Hopkins University __knowledge__ Johns Hopkins University (commonly referred to as Johns Hopkins, JHU, or simply Hopkins) is an American private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.", "Johns Hopkins University __knowledge__ Founded in 1876, the university was named for its first benefactor, the American entrepreneur, abolitionist, and philanthropist Johns Hopkins.", "Johns Hopkins University __knowledge__ His $7 million bequest (~$150 million in 2017 dollars)—of which half financed the establishment of Johns Hopkins Hospital—was the largest philanthropic gift in the history of the United States at that time.", "Johns Hopkins University __knowledge__ Daniel Coit Gilman, who was inaugurated as the institution's first president on February 22, 1876, led the university to revolutionize higher education in the U.S. by integrating teaching and research.", "Massachusetts Institute of Technology __knowledge__ The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is a private research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.", "Massachusetts Institute of Technology __knowledge__ Founded in 1861 in response to the increasing industrialization of the United States, MIT adopted a European polytechnic university model and stressed laboratory instruction in applied science and engineering.", "Massachusetts Institute of Technology __knowledge__ Researchers worked on computers, radar and inertial guidance during World War II and the Cold War.", "Massachusetts Institute of Technology __knowledge__ Post-war defense research contributed to the rapid expansion of the faculty and campus under James Killian.", "Massachusetts Institute of Technology __knowledge__ The current campus opened in 1916 and extends over along the northern bank of the Charles River basin." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The University of Chicago (U of C, Chicago, or UChicago) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ It holds top-ten positions in various national and international rankings.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university is composed of the College, various graduate programs and interdisciplinary committees organized into five academic research divisions and seven professional schools.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Beyond the arts and sciences, Chicago is also well known for its professional schools, which include the Pritzker School of Medicine, the Booth School of Business, the Law School, the School of Social Service Administration, the Harris School of Public Policy Studies, the Divinity School and the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university currently enrolls 5,971 undergraduate students, and 16,016 students overall.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ University of Chicago scholars have played a major role in the development of many academic disciplines, including sociology, law, economics, literary criticism, religion and the behavioralism school of political science.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago's physics department and the Met Lab helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction (Chicago Pile-1) beneath the viewing stands of university's Stagg Field, a key part of the classified Manhattan Project effort of World War II.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ WOW - Women Of Wrestling, aka WOW!, is a women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2000 by David McLane, previously the founder of Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ It is based in Los Angeles, California, and is owned by McLane and Los Angeles Lakers owner and president Jeanie Buss.", "Women of Wrestling __knowledge__ The promotion launched a series of syndicated programs in the 2000-01 television seasons in 102 TV markets using a similar format of character driven performers, with names befitting a comic book series, such as Jungle Grrrl, an inmate tag-team complete with orange jump suits named Caged Heat, a Hollywood starlet named Lana Star, and the Persian Princess.", "The Runners __knowledge__ The Runners are an American electronic and hip hop production duo from Orlando, Florida, consisting of Andrew \"Dru Brett\" Harr and Jermaine \"Mayne Zayne\" Jackson.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They came together to form the team in 2000, but they have known each other since they were in kindergarten.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They both have been influenced their entire lives by producers Timbaland and The Neptunes.", "The Runners __knowledge__ Their trademark is an exhale sound effect ringing \"Ahhh\" at the beginning of their songs.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They are best known for producing the hit singles \"Go Hard\" and \"Hustlin'\", by rappers DJ Khaled and Rick Ross respectively.", "The Runners __knowledge__ They have produced songs for artists like Keyshia Cole Kevin Cossom Ace Hood, Chris Brown, Fat Joe, Juelz Santana, Nelly, Trip Lee, Jim Jones, Lil Wayne, Justin Bieber, Fabolous and Usher.", "Chuo University __knowledge__ , commonly referred to as or , is a private flagship research university in Tokyo, Japan.", "Chuo University __knowledge__ Founded in 1885 as Igirisu Horitsu Gakko (the English Law School), Chuo is one of the oldest and most prestigious institutions in the country.", "Chuo University __knowledge__ The university operates four campuses in Tokyo: the largest in Hachiōji (Tama campus), one in Bunkyo (Kourakuen campus), and two others in Shinjuku (Ichigaya and Ichigaya-Tamachi campuses).", "Chuo University __knowledge__ Chuo is organized into six faculties, ten graduate schools, and nine research institutes.", "Chuo University __knowledge__ There are also four affiliated high schools and two affiliated junior high schools.", "Chuo University __knowledge__ Chuo was founded as the in 1885 at Kanda in Tokyo by a group of lawyers.", "The Warner Robins Patriot __knowledge__ The Warner Robins Patriot is a newspaper in Warner Robins, Georgia.", "The Warner Robins Patriot __knowledge__ It is published each day on the Internet and in print on Wednesdays, and distributed by subscription and free distribution to approximately 20,000 households in Warner Robins and Centerville.", "The Warner Robins Patriot __knowledge__ The paper was established in August 2009, by Georgia Eagle Media, Inc., owner of 15 radio stations in Georgia including WNNG 1350 AM, WDXQ-FM 107.5 FM, and WNNG-FM ESPN 99.9 FM.", "The Warner Robins Patriot __knowledge__ The paper was launched with support of local business, civic, and politic leaders who were frustrated at the fact that Warner Robins, now the 8th largest city in Georgia, lacked its own newspaper.", "QS World University Rankings __knowledge__ QS World University Rankings is an annual publication of university rankings by Quacquarelli Symonds (QS).", "QS World University Rankings __knowledge__ Previously known as \"Times Higher Education–QS World University Rankings\", the publisher had collaborated with \"Times Higher Education magazine\" (\"THE\") to publish its international league tables from 2004 to 2009 before both started to announce their own versions.", "QS World University Rankings __knowledge__ QS then chose to still use the pre-existing methodology while \"Times Higher Education\" adopted a new methodology to create their rankings.", "QS World University Rankings __knowledge__ The QS system now comprises the global overall and subject rankings (which name the world's top universities for the study of 46 different subjects and five composite faculty areas), alongside five independent regional tables (Asia, Latin America, Emerging Europe and Central Asia, the Arab Region, and BRICS).", "Stronger (Kelly Clarkson album) __knowledge__ Stronger is the fifth studio album by American singer Kelly Clarkson, released on October 21, 2011 by RCA Records.", "Stronger (Kelly Clarkson album) __knowledge__ The thirteen-song track-list features Clarkson collaborating with various new producers as well as with Howard Benson, whom she collaborated with on her previous album, \"All I Ever Wanted\" (2009).", "Stronger (Kelly Clarkson album) __knowledge__ Wanting to stray away sonically from her previous albums, Clarkson's main objective was to record her vocal performances as it is heard in her live sets, and used as little auto-tune processing as possible.", "Stronger (Kelly Clarkson album) __knowledge__ The album also marked the first release by Clarkson that did not cause a conflict with RCA; her previous records, most notably \"My December\" (2007), were released amidst conflict and controversy.", "Michael Marra __knowledge__ Michael Marra (17 February 1952 – 23 October 2012) was a Scottish singer-songwriter and musician from Dundee, Scotland.", "Michael Marra __knowledge__ Known as the Bard of Dundee, Marra was a solo performer who toured the UK and performed in arts centres, theatres, folk clubs and village halls.", "Michael Marra __knowledge__ While mainly known as a songwriter, he also worked extensively in theatre, radio and television.", "Michael Marra __knowledge__ His songwriting was rooted in Scottish life and he found an audience within and beyond the folk music scene, which led to him working as a support musician for performers including Van Morrison, The Proclaimers, Barbara Dickson and Deacon Blue." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The University of Chicago (U of C, Chicago, or UChicago) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ It holds top-ten positions in various national and international rankings.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university is composed of the College, various graduate programs and interdisciplinary committees organized into five academic research divisions and seven professional schools.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Beyond the arts and sciences, Chicago is also well known for its professional schools, which include the Pritzker School of Medicine, the Booth School of Business, the Law School, the School of Social Service Administration, the Harris School of Public Policy Studies, the Divinity School and the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university currently enrolls 5,971 undergraduate students, and 16,016 students overall.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ University of Chicago scholars have played a major role in the development of many academic disciplines, including sociology, law, economics, literary criticism, religion and the behavioralism school of political science.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago's physics department and the Met Lab helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction (Chicago Pile-1) beneath the viewing stands of university's Stagg Field, a key part of the classified Manhattan Project effort of World War II.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Yea ( ) is a town in Victoria, Australia north-east of Melbourne at the junction of the Goulburn Valley Highway and the Melba Highway, in the Shire of Murrindindi local government area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ In an area originally inhabited by the Taungurong people, it was first visited by Europeans of the Hume and Hovell expedition in 1824, and within 15 years most of the land in the area had been taken up by graziers.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ Surveyed in 1855, the township grew as a service centre for grazing, gold-mining and timber-getting in the area.", "Yea, Victoria __knowledge__ The town has had a fairly stable population (around 1,100) since 1900, though it now has a relatively old population.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Butch Patterson: Private Dick is a Canadian serial comedy television series centering on the seedy exploits of a self-described premature ejaculating, alcoholic, kleptomaniac, sexually deviant private detective played by Canadian actor/comedian Greg Lawrence.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ The series had a three season run, airing on The Comedy Network.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Although the show was not a critical or commercial success, it maintains a small cult following.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ After the series' initial run, reruns were featured on the now defunct CBC Country Canada.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Since then, all three original seasons have been released on DVD.", "Butch Patterson: Private Dick __knowledge__ Most of the episodes are focused around the cases that Butch Patterson is investigating at the time.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" (occasionally spelt as \"Oh Yea\") is a song by Ash, released as the fifth single from their album \"1977\" on 24 June 1996.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It was released as a single CD, a 7\" vinyl (the limited edition 7\" was yellow and came with a picture sleeve), and as a cassette.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ The UK Promo version of the track is thought of as quite rare, and a collector's item between fans.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It comes on orange 7\" vinyl and has the same track on both sides.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ \"Oh Yeah\" was the first single released after the release of \"1977\" and was their second Top 10 single, reaching number 6 in the UK singles chart.", "Oh Yeah (Ash song) __knowledge__ It is probably Ash's best-known song and one of the best known from the Brit-Pop period.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Walter Giles Yea (20 May 1808 – 18 June 1855) was a British Army colonel, known for his role in the Crimean War, where he was killed in action.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Born in Park Row, Bristol, on 20 May 1808, he was eldest son of Sir William Walter Yea, second baronet, of Pyrland, near Taunton, Somerset, who married, on 24 June 1805, Anne Heckstetter (d. 1846), youngest daughter of Colonel David Michel of Dulish House, Dorset.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ Lacy Yea was educated at Eton College.", "Lacy Walter Giles Yea __knowledge__ He was commissioned as ensign in the 37th foot on 6 October 1825, obtained an unattached lieutenancy on 19 December 1826, was appointed to the 5th Foot on 13 March 1827, and exchanged to the 7th (Royal Fusiliers) on 13 March 1828.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten (usually simply known as Great Sounds Great) is the second EP released by The Clean, a lo-fi rock band from Dunedin, New Zealand.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ It was released by Flying Nun Records on 12\" vinyl in 1982.", "Great Sounds Great, Good Sounds Good, So-so Sounds So-so, Bad Sounds Bad, Rotten Sounds Rotten __knowledge__ The EP is included in its entirety, and in the same running order, as part of The Clean's 2003 CD release Anthology.", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ \"25/8\" is a song by American R&B recording artist Mary J. Blige.", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ It was written by Blige, Crystal Johnson, Al Sherrod Lambert, and Eric Hudson for her tenth studio album, \"My Life II...", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ The Journey Continues (Act 1)\" (2011), while production was handled by Blige and the latter.", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ An R&B and soul song with heavy influences of 1970s-style quiet storm, \"25/8\" is built on drum splashes and a fluttering flute, and samples from B. T. Express's rendition of \"Now That We Found Love\", written by Kenneth Gamble and Leon Huff.", "25/8 (song) __knowledge__ Lyrically, it features the female protagonist expressing her need to have more than 24 hours a day, 7 days a week to spend time with her love interest.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Yes and no, or word pairs with a similar usage , are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages including English.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages make distinction between answers to affirmative versus negative questions, thus may have triplet or quadruplets of words instead.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ English originally used a four-form system up to and including Early Middle English but Modern English has reduced this to a two-form system consisting of just 'yes' and 'no'.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ It exists in eye blink communication, Morse Code, sign language, and maybe in color coded flag communication.", "Yes and no __knowledge__ Some languages do not answer yes–no questions with single words meaning 'yes' or 'no'.", "History of Northwestern University __knowledge__ The history of Northwestern University can be traced back to a May 31, 1850 meeting of nine prominent Chicago businessmen who shared a desire to establish a university to serve the Northwest Territories.", "History of Northwestern University __knowledge__ On January 28, 1851, the Illinois General Assembly granted a charter to the \"Trustees of the North Western University\" making it the first recognized university in Illinois.", "History of Northwestern University __knowledge__ While the original founders were devout Methodists and affiliated the university with Methodist Episcopal Church, they were committed to non-sectarian admissions.", "History of Northwestern University __knowledge__ John Evans purchased of land along Lake Michigan in 1853 and Philo Judson began developing the plans for what would become the city of Evanston.", "Ateneo de Manila University __knowledge__ The Ateneo de Manila University (Filipino: \"Pamantasang Ateneo de Manila;\" Spanish:\" Universidad Ateneo de Manila\") is a private research university in Quezon City, Philippines.", "Ateneo de Manila University __knowledge__ Founded in 1859 by the Society of Jesus, the Ateneo is the third-oldest university in the Philippines.", "Ateneo de Manila University __knowledge__ Ateneo offers elementary and secondary education exclusively to male students (and has recently opened the Senior High School to girls).", "Ateneo de Manila University __knowledge__ The undergraduate and graduate programmes are coeducational and organized into four schools, collectively known as the Loyola Schools, which are located at its main campus at Loyola Heights.", "Northwestern University __knowledge__ Northwestern University (NU) is a private research university based in Evanston, Illinois, United States, with other campuses located in Chicago and Doha, Qatar, and academic programs and facilities in Washington, D.C., and San Francisco, California.", "Northwestern University __knowledge__ Along with its selective undergraduate programs, Northwestern is known for its highly ranked Kellogg School of Management, Pritzker School of Law, Feinberg School of Medicine, and Medill School of Journalism.", "Northwestern University __knowledge__ Northwestern is a large research university with a comprehensive doctoral program, attracting over $650 million in sponsored research each year.", "Rutgers University __knowledge__ Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (), commonly referred to as Rutgers University, Rutgers, or RU, is an American public research university and is considered the largest institution for higher education in New Jersey.", "Rutgers University __knowledge__ Rutgers was chartered as Queen's College on November 10, 1766.", "Rutgers University __knowledge__ It is the eighth-oldest college in the United States and one of the nine colonial colleges chartered before the American Revolution.", "Rutgers University __knowledge__ The college was renamed Rutgers College in 1825 in honor of Colonel Henry Rutgers (1745–1830), a New York City landowner, philanthropist and former military officer, whose $5,000 bond donation to the school allowed it to reopen after years of financial difficulty.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Yep Roc Records is an American independent record label based in Hillsborough, North Carolina, and owned by Redeye Distribution.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Since 1997, the label has released albums from North Carolina and international artists, including Aoife O'Donovan, Chatham County Line, Dave Alvin, Gang of Four, Los Straitjackets, Nick Lowe, Paul Weller, Robyn Hitchcock, Ryan Adams, The Apples in Stereo, The Reverend Horton Heat, Mandolin Orange, and Tift Merritt.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ Tor Hansen started the label in 1997, two years after moving to North Carolina to help manage a chain of record stores in the South.", "Yep Roc Records __knowledge__ In and around the musical hotbed of Chapel Hill, he encountered bands making good music but not really knowing how to get it out.", "Yale University __knowledge__ Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.", "Yale University __knowledge__ Founded in 1701, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution.", "Yale University __knowledge__ Chartered by Connecticut Colony, the \"Collegiate School\" was established by clergy in Saybrook Colony to educate Congregational ministers.", "Yale University __knowledge__ It moved to New Haven in 1716 and shortly after was renamed Yale College in recognition of a gift from British East India Company governor Elihu Yale.", "Yale University __knowledge__ Originally restricted to theology and sacred languages, the curriculum began to incorporate humanities and sciences by the time of the American Revolution." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The University of Chicago (U of C, Chicago, or UChicago) is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ It holds top-ten positions in various national and international rankings.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university is composed of the College, various graduate programs and interdisciplinary committees organized into five academic research divisions and seven professional schools.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Beyond the arts and sciences, Chicago is also well known for its professional schools, which include the Pritzker School of Medicine, the Booth School of Business, the Law School, the School of Social Service Administration, the Harris School of Public Policy Studies, the Divinity School and the Graham School of Continuing Liberal and Professional Studies.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ The university currently enrolls 5,971 undergraduate students, and 16,016 students overall.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ University of Chicago scholars have played a major role in the development of many academic disciplines, including sociology, law, economics, literary criticism, religion and the behavioralism school of political science.", "University of Chicago __knowledge__ Chicago's physics department and the Met Lab helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction (Chicago Pile-1) beneath the viewing stands of university's Stagg Field, a key part of the classified Manhattan Project effort of World War II.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Michael Lee Alfonso (January 24, 1965 – February 17, 2007) was an American professional wrestler.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ He was best known for his appearances with the American professional wrestling promotions Extreme Championship Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling and the World Wrestling Federation under the ring name Mike Awesome and for his appearances in Japan for with Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling and All Japan Pro Wrestling as The Gladiator.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso was trained to wrestle by Steve Keirn, debuting on February 26, 1989.", "Mike Awesome __knowledge__ Alfonso trained for about one year along with former professional wrestlers, Dennis Knight (Mideon, Phineas Godwin) and the late \"Big\" Al Green before making his debut.", "Yggdra Unison __knowledge__ The object of the game is to bring the rest of the world under the player's control.", "Yggdra Unison __knowledge__ There are twelve playable armies, but at the start of the game, only Yggdra and Milanor may be selected.", "Yggdra Unison __knowledge__ The other ten armies must be unlocked by fulfilling two to four conditions during a playthrough; what an army's conditions are can be viewed from the selection screen, with fulfilled conditions appearing in red.", "Yggdra Unison __knowledge__ Much like other Sting games, the phases of Yggdra Unison are called \"turns\"; \"turns\" are split up into three parts—preparation, combat, and treasure hunting.", "Yggdra Unison __knowledge__ During the preparation stage, the player is prompted to choose which card will be effective during the combat stage.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters from the series \"The Awesomes\".", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Professor Dr. Jeremy \"Prock\" Awesome (voiced by Seth Meyers) - The son of Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Jeremy Awesome is the young new leader of the Awesomes.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Known as Prock (a portmanteau of Professor and Doctor, since Prock has a JD and an MD) he has always wanted to be a superhero like his father, Mr.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Awesome.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ Prock disappointingly doesn't have any of his father's impressive physical powers: indeed, he is unimposing and injury-prone.", "List of The Awesomes characters __knowledge__ However, he's the smartest on the team and a natural leader: in a crisis he comes up with excellent plans and assigns jobs to everyone on the team.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha Lee is a fictional character in the BBC soap opera \"Doctors\", played by Laura Rollins.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha was introduced as a Practice Nurse at The Mill by Peter Eryl Lloyd.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ She made her first appearance on Tuesday 30 September 2014.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Since her arrival in the show Ayesha has faced storylines including an on off relationship with Sid Vere, having a troubled relationship with Tyler Green, dealing with her mother Bren's alcohol and later drug addiction, being attacked by Ike and supporting Valerie Pittman through her Cancer scare.", "Ayesha Lee __knowledge__ Ayesha first arrives at \"The Mill\" as a replacement for Mandy Marquez, she is almost immediately attracted to new doctor Sid Vere.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series was the 66th season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 43rd modern-era Cup season.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season began at Daytona International Speedway, with the Sprint Unlimited, followed by the Daytona 500.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ The season ended with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ This season was the final year of broadcasting for both the ESPN family of networks and Turner Sports.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ ESPN had covered the second half of the Sprint Cup season since 2007 while Turner Sports ended a thirty-one year relationship with NASCAR on TBS and later TNT.", "2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series __knowledge__ For 2015, their portions of the season were divided between Fox Sports and NBC.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ Awesome Comics or Awesome Entertainment (also known as Awesome-Hyperwerks when they were briefly joined with Hyperwerks Entertainment) was an American comic book studio formed in 1997 by Image Comics co-founder Rob Liefeld.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The company closed in 2000.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ In 1992, seven high-profile comics artists left Marvel Comics to form their own publisher, where comics creators could publish creator-owned material without having to give up copyright-control to their characters.", "Awesome Comics __knowledge__ The seven artists (bar Whilce Portacio, who opted not to become a full partner) formed a partnership between their individual studios, and published their comics under the over-arcing Image Comics banner.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ awesome is a dynamic window manager for the X Window System developed in the C and Lua programming languages.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Lua is also used for configuring and extending the window manager.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ Its development began as a fork of dwm.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It aims to be extremely small and fast, yet extensively customizable.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ It makes it possible for the user to manage windows with the use of keyboard.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The fork was initially nicknamed \"jdwm\", with \"jd\" denoting the principal programmer's initials, and with dwm reminding of the software project it forked from.", "Awesome (window manager) __knowledge__ The first git repository for what was to become awesome was set up in September 2007. jdwm was renamed to awesome, named after the same phrase used by the \"How I Met Your Mother\" character Barney Stinson.", "Booth School (Philadelphia) __knowledge__ The Booth School or \"The Booth School: A Country School for Boys and Girls\" was a private or independent school in the Philadelphia Main Line suburbs from 1938 to 1976.", "Booth School (Philadelphia) __knowledge__ The campus it occupied for most of its existence was located at the intersection of Ithan Avenue and Clyde Road in Rosemont, Pennsylvania, and is now the site of Hill Top Preparatory School.", "Booth School (Philadelphia) __knowledge__ The school was founded as The Devon School in 1938 by Phoebe Booth (Mrs. John Wesley Booth, née Barsby).", "Booth School (Philadelphia) __knowledge__ A graduate of West Chester University of Pennsylvania (then West Chester Normal School), the former one-room schoolteacher gathered several neighbors to serve as teachers.", "Booth School of Business __knowledge__ The University of Chicago Booth School of Business is a graduate business school located in Chicago, Illinois, at the University of Chicago.", "Booth School of Business __knowledge__ Formerly known as the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business, Chicago Booth is the second-oldest business school in the U.S., the first such school to offer an Executive MBA program, and the first to initiate a Ph.D. program in business.", "Booth School of Business __knowledge__ The school was renamed in 2008 following a $300 million endowment gift to the school by alumnus David G. Booth.", "Booth School of Business __knowledge__ The school has the third-largest endowment of any business school.", "Booth School of Business __knowledge__ The school belongs to the M7 group of elite MBA programs which recognize each other as peers, consisting of Chicago Booth, Columbia, Harvard, Kellogg, MIT Sloan, Stanford, and Penn Wharton.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ This is a list of fictional characters in the television series \"Bones\".", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The article deals with the series' main, recurring, and minor characters.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ The following characters have been featured in the opening credits of the program.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Temperance \"Bones\" Brennan (seasons 1–12) works as a forensic anthropologist at the Jeffersonian Institute in Washington, D.C. and is also a best–selling novelist.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ She is nicknamed \"Bones\" by FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Brennan and Booth work together on Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) cases concerning recently found human remains.", "List of Bones characters __knowledge__ Although she is an expert in her field, Brennan is socially awkward and has limited knowledge about pop culture.", "Ted Snyder (economist) __knowledge__ Edward Adams \"Ted\" Snyder (born 1953) is currently the Indra K. Nooyi Dean and William S. Beinecke Professor of Economics and Management at Yale School of Management.", "Ted Snyder (economist) __knowledge__ He has held two other business school deanships (University of Chicago Booth School of Business and University of Virginia Darden Graduate School of Business Administration) and was Senior Associate Dean at University of Michigan Ross School of Business.", "Ted Snyder (economist) __knowledge__ Snyder is a strong defender of management education, having stated that the MBA is the most successful professional degree in modern history based on its general value in developing an understanding of (i) markets and competition and (ii) organizations, networks, and leadership.", "Raghuram Rajan __knowledge__ Raghuram Govind Rajan (born 3 February 1963) is an Indian economist and an international academic who is the Katherine Dusak Miller Distinguished Service Professor of Finance at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.", "Raghuram Rajan __knowledge__ He was the 23rd Governor of the Reserve Bank of India between September 2013 and September 2016.", "Raghuram Rajan __knowledge__ Between 2003 and 2006, Rajan was the Chief Economist and Director of Research at the International Monetary Fund.", "Raghuram Rajan __knowledge__ In 2015, during his tenure at the Indian Reserve Bank he also became Vice-Chairman of the Bank for International Settlements.", "Raghuram Rajan __knowledge__ At the Federal Reserve annual Jackson Hole conference in 2005, Rajan warned about the growing risks in the financial system and proposed policies that would reduce such risks.", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ Seeley Joseph Booth is a fictional character in the US television series \"Bones\" (2005–2017), portrayed by David Boreanaz.", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ Agent Booth is a co-protagonist of the series with his wife Dr. Temperance Brennan (Emily Deschanel), whom he affectionately refers to as \"Bones\".", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ The character made an appearance in the \"Sleepy Hollow\" episode \"Dead Men Tell No Tales\" as part of a two-part Halloween cross-over with \"Bones\".", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ Booth is from Philadelphia but was raised in Pittsburgh.", "Seeley Booth __knowledge__ He is a fan of the Philadelphia Flyers hockey team; pictures of the team hang on the back wall of his office, as well as he has been seen wearing a Flyers T-shirt in several episodes he also proceeded to watch a Flyers game at a funeral." ] ]

[ 1, 2, 4, 4, 5 ]

[ "I agree, since it is a private research university", " It holds top-ten positions in various ranking so I think thats cooler.", "Yep! Chicago is also well known for its professional schools so if you ever go to college, consider going there.", "I studied at the Booth School of Business so let me know if you have any questions about it", "Plus there are only 5,971 undergraduate students so its very small sized college." ]

[ "University of Chicago", "University of Chicago", "University of Chicago", "University of Chicago", "University of Chicago" ]

[ "Self-consciousness", "I do agree. I'm a psych major lol", "The University of Minnesota" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Self-consciousness is a heightened sense of self-awareness.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ It is a preoccupation with oneself, as opposed to the philosophical state of self-awareness, which is the awareness that one exists as an individual being, though the two terms are commonly used interchangeably or synonymously.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ An unpleasant feeling of self-consciousness may occur when one realizes that one is being watched or observed, the feeling that \"everyone is looking\" at oneself.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Some people are habitually more self-conscious than others.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Unpleasant feelings of self-consciousness are sometimes associated with shyness or paranoia.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ When feeling self-conscious, one becomes aware of even the smallest of one's own actions.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Such awareness can impair one's ability to perform complex actions.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Adolescence is believed to be a time of heightened self-consciousness.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ A person with a chronic tendency toward self-consciousness may be shy or introverted.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Unlike self-awareness, which in a philosophical context is being conscious of oneself as an individual, self-consciousness, being excessively conscious of one's appearance or manner, can be a problem at times.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Self-consciousness is often associated with shyness and embarrassment, in which case a lack of pride and low self-esteem can result." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Self-consciousness is a heightened sense of self-awareness.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ It is a preoccupation with oneself, as opposed to the philosophical state of self-awareness, which is the awareness that one exists as an individual being, though the two terms are commonly used interchangeably or synonymously.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ An unpleasant feeling of self-consciousness may occur when one realizes that one is being watched or observed, the feeling that \"everyone is looking\" at oneself.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Some people are habitually more self-conscious than others.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Unpleasant feelings of self-consciousness are sometimes associated with shyness or paranoia.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ When feeling self-conscious, one becomes aware of even the smallest of one's own actions.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Such awareness can impair one's ability to perform complex actions.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Adolescence is believed to be a time of heightened self-consciousness.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ A person with a chronic tendency toward self-consciousness may be shy or introverted.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Unlike self-awareness, which in a philosophical context is being conscious of oneself as an individual, self-consciousness, being excessively conscious of one's appearance or manner, can be a problem at times.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Self-consciousness is often associated with shyness and embarrassment, in which case a lack of pride and low self-esteem can result.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb.", "This Is England '86 __knowledge__ Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.", "LOL __knowledge__ LOL, or lol, is an acronym for laugh(ing) out loud or lots of laughs, and a popular element of Internet slang.", "LOL __knowledge__ It was first used almost exclusively on Usenet, but has since become widespread in other forms of computer-mediated communication and even face-to-face communication.", "LOL __knowledge__ It is one of many initialisms for expressing bodily reactions, in particular laughter, as text, including initialisms for more emphatic expressions of laughter such as LMAO (\"laugh(ing) my ass off\") and ROFL (or its older form ROTFL; \"roll(ing) on the floor laughing\").", "LOL __knowledge__ Other unrelated expansions include the now mostly obsolete \"lots of luck\" or \"lots of love\" used in letter-writing.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ This Is England '88 is a 2011 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne as a spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\".", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ It is also a sequel to the 2010 television sequel-series \"This Is England '86\", set two and a half years later and starring as previously Thomas Turgoose as Shaun, Vicky McClure as Lol and Joe Gilgun as Woody.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Set during Christmas 1988, Lol is haunted by the devastating events that took place two and a half years before.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ She and Woody both find themselves struggling to cope with their lives without each other after he leaves the gang.", "This Is England '88 __knowledge__ Lol is carrying the burden of her guilt, whilst Woody is trying to build a domestic life with a new girlfriend and a potential promotion at work.", "Psych (season 1) __knowledge__ The first season of \"Psych\" originally aired in the United States on the USA Network television network between July 7, 2006 and March 2, 2007.", "Psych (season 1) __knowledge__ Produced by Universal Cable Productions and Tagline Television, the series was created by Steve Franks, who served as executive producer with Kelly Kulchak and Chris Henze.", "Psych (season 1) __knowledge__ The comedy-drama series focuses on Shawn Spencer (James Roday), a police consultant who pretends to be psychic, and his assistant Burton \"Gus\" Guster, a pharmaceuticals salesman.", "Psych (season 1) __knowledge__ The season consisted of fifteen 43-minute episodes, which aired at 10:00 p.m. on Fridays.", "Psych (season 1) __knowledge__ Franks conceived the idea for the show when producers at Columbia Pictures requested he pitch them ideas for a TV program while he was working on the film \"Big Daddy\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ This Is England '90 is a 2015 British TV drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne and produced by Warp Films.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ A spin-off from the 2006 film \"This Is England\", it is also a sequel to the series \"This Is England '86\" and \"This Is England '88\".", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ \"This Is England '90\" was originally due in late 2012, but in July 2012, Meadows announced that the production had been put on hold in order for him to complete his The Stone Roses, and the actors were still waiting for confirmation as to when filming would start.", "This Is England '90 __knowledge__ In March 2014, Meadows confirmed that shooting would start later in the year although he had not yet finished the script.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ Le ravissement de Lol V. Stein is a novel written by Marguerite Duras and published in France by Gallimard in 1964.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was translated by Richard Seaver and published as \"The Ravishing of Lol Stein\" in the US by Grove Press in 1966.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ The text was also translated by Eileen Ellenbogen in the UK as \"The rapture of Lol V. Stein\" for Hamish Hamilton in 1967.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ At the beginning of the novel, Lol Stein (her middle initial is omitted in the English translation) is a woman in her thirties.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ She was born and raised in South Tahla in a bourgeois family and is engaged to Michael Richardson at 19.", "The Ravishing of Lol Stein __knowledge__ However, at a ball in the seaside resort of Town Beach, Michael Richardson leaves Lol for Anne-Marie Stretter, an older woman.", "Psych __knowledge__ Psych is an American detective comedy-drama television series created by Steve Franks and broadcast on USA Network with syndicated reruns on ION Television.", "Psych __knowledge__ The series stars James Roday as Shawn Spencer, a young crime consultant for the Santa Barbara Police Department whose \"heightened observational skills\" and impressive eidetic memory allow him to convince people that he solves cases with psychic abilities.", "Psych __knowledge__ The program also stars Dulé Hill as Shawn's intelligent best friend and reluctant partner Burton \"Gus\" Guster, as well as Corbin Bernsen as Shawn's father, Henry, a former officer of the Santa Barbara Police Department.", "Magnet Theatre __knowledge__ Magnet Theatre is an independent physical theatre company based in Cape Town, South Africa.", "Magnet Theatre __knowledge__ Magnet Theatre was formed in 1987.", "Magnet Theatre __knowledge__ Besides creating original theatre productions, Magnet Theatre is actively engaged in youth development work in the Cape Town area as well as in the Cederberg Municipality.", "Magnet Theatre __knowledge__ The company's founders and artistic directors are Mark Fleishman and Jennie Reznek.", "Magnet Theatre __knowledge__ Magnet Theatre was founded in 1987 to produce \"Cheap Flights\" (director: Roz Monat), starring Reznek.", "Magnet Theatre __knowledge__ It re-emerged in 1991 to produce \"The Show's Not over 'Til the Fat Lady Sings\" (director: Mark Fleishman), again starring Reznek.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Well-being is a much-studied topic in psychology, especially positive psychology.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Related concepts are eudaimonia, happiness, flourishing, quality of life, contentment, and meaningful life.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Central theories are Diener's tripartite model of subjective well-being, Ryff's Six-factor Model of Psychological Well-being, Corey Keyes' work on flourishing, and Seligmann's contributions to positive psychology and his theories on \"authentic happiness\" and P.E.R.M.A.", "Well-being contributing factors __knowledge__ Positive psychology is concerned with eudaimonia, \"the good life\" or flourishing, living according to what holds the greatest value in life – the factors that contribute the most to a well-lived and fulfilling life.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Self-disclosure is a process of communication by which one person reveals information about himself or herself to another.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The information can be descriptive or evaluative, and can include thoughts, feelings, aspirations, goals, failures, successes, fears, and dreams, as well as one's likes, dislikes, and favorites.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Social penetration theory posits that there are two dimensions to self-disclosure: breadth and depth.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ Both are crucial in developing a fully intimate relationship.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The range of topics discussed by two individuals is the breadth of disclosure.", "Self-disclosure __knowledge__ The degree to which the information revealed is private or personal is the depth of that disclosure.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The World Happiness Report is a measure of happiness published by the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The World Happiness Report is edited by John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey Sachs.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ The 2017 edition added three associate editors; Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Haifang Huang, and Shun Wang.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ Authors of chapters include Richard Easterlin, Edward F. Diener, Martine Durand, Nicole Fortin, Jon Hall, Valerie Møller, and many others.", "World Happiness Report __knowledge__ In July 2011, the UN General Assembly resolution 65/309 \"Happiness: Towards a Holistic Definition of Developmen\"t inviting member countries to measure the happiness of their people and to use the data to help guide public policy.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ Consciousness is the state or quality of awareness, or, of being aware of an external object or something within oneself.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ It has been defined variously in terms of sentience, awareness, qualia, subjectivity, the ability to experience or to feel, wakefulness, having a sense of selfhood or soul, the fact that there is something \"that it is like\" to \"have\" or \"be\" it, and the executive control system of the mind.", "Consciousness __knowledge__ In contemporary philosophy its definition is often hinted at via the logical possibility of its absence, the philosophical zombie, which is defined as a being whose behavior and function are identical to one's own yet there is \"no-one in there\" experiencing it.", "Terror management theory __knowledge__ In social psychology, terror management theory (TMT) proposes a basic psychological conflict that results from having a self preservation instinct, whilst realizing that death is inevitable and to some extent unpredictable.", "Terror management theory __knowledge__ This conflict produces terror, and the terror is then managed by embracing cultural values, or symbolic systems that act to provide life with enduring meaning and value.", "Terror management theory __knowledge__ The theory was originally proposed by Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, and Tom Pyszczynski and codified in their book \"The Worm at the Core: On the Role of Death in Life\", published in 2015.", "Terror management theory __knowledge__ The simplest examples of cultural values that manage the terror of death are those that purport to offer literal immortality (e.g.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2010) __knowledge__ The following is a list of charactwers that first appeared in the British soap opera Emmerdale in 2010, by order of first appearance.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2010) __knowledge__ Charles \"Charlie\" Haynes, played by George Costigan, is an old friend of Rodney Blackstock (Patrick Mower).", "List of Emmerdale characters (2010) __knowledge__ He made his first on-screen appearance on 8 March 2010.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2010) __knowledge__ Charlie was first seen when Rodney was on a date with a glamorous woman, revealing that he and Rodney were friends years ago but lost contact.", "List of Emmerdale characters (2010) __knowledge__ The next day, Charlie and Rodney were having a drink in the Woolpack, and Diane Sugden (Elizabeth Estensen) realised that this was the 'famous' Charlie that Rodney used to talk about years ago." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Self-consciousness is a heightened sense of self-awareness.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ It is a preoccupation with oneself, as opposed to the philosophical state of self-awareness, which is the awareness that one exists as an individual being, though the two terms are commonly used interchangeably or synonymously.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ An unpleasant feeling of self-consciousness may occur when one realizes that one is being watched or observed, the feeling that \"everyone is looking\" at oneself.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Some people are habitually more self-conscious than others.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Unpleasant feelings of self-consciousness are sometimes associated with shyness or paranoia.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ When feeling self-conscious, one becomes aware of even the smallest of one's own actions.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Such awareness can impair one's ability to perform complex actions.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Adolescence is believed to be a time of heightened self-consciousness.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ A person with a chronic tendency toward self-consciousness may be shy or introverted.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Unlike self-awareness, which in a philosophical context is being conscious of oneself as an individual, self-consciousness, being excessively conscious of one's appearance or manner, can be a problem at times.", "Self-consciousness __knowledge__ Self-consciousness is often associated with shyness and embarrassment, in which case a lack of pride and low self-esteem can result.", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota () is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory.", "Minnesota __knowledge__ The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan \"Land of 10,000 Lakes\".", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Its official motto is \"L'Étoile du Nord\" (French: \"Star of the North\").", "Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 22nd most populous of the U.S. states; nearly 60 percent of its residents live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the \"Twin Cities\"), the center of transportation, business, industry, education, and government and home to an internationally known arts community.", "Sports in Minnesota __knowledge__ Sports in Minnesota include professional teams in all major sports, Olympic Games contenders and medalists, especially in the Winter Olympics, collegiate teams in major and small-school conferences and associations and active amateur teams and individual sports.", "Sports in Minnesota __knowledge__ The State of Minnesota has a team in all four major professional leagues (Major League Baseball [MLB], National Football League [NFL], National Basketball Association [NBA] and National Hockey League [NHL]), and the University of Minnesota is part of the oldest major college conference still running (the Big Ten).", "Sports in Minnesota __knowledge__ The Minnesota Twins are an MLB team that moved to Minnesota in 1961 from Washington D.C., where they were known as the Washington Senators.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ The territorial era of Minnesota lasted from the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 to Minnesota's achieving statehood in 1858.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ The Minnesota Territory itself was formed only in 1849 but the area had a rich history well before this.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ Though there was a long history of European presence in the area before 19th century, it was during the 19th century that the United States began to establish a firm presence in what would become Minnesota.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ Many of the facets of Minnesota culture that are perceived as the area's \"early\" history in fact originated after this period.", "Territorial era of Minnesota __knowledge__ Notably, the heavy Scandinavian immigration for which the state is known, and the pioneering days chronicled by author Laura Ingalls Wilder occurred after statehood in the later 19th century.", "University of Minnesota __knowledge__ The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (often referred to as The University of Minnesota, Minnesota, the U of M, UMN, or simply the U) is a public research university in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota.", "University of Minnesota __knowledge__ The Minneapolis and St. Paul campuses are approximately apart, and the Saint Paul campus is actually in neighboring Falcon Heights.", "University of Minnesota __knowledge__ It is the oldest and largest campus within the University of Minnesota system and has the sixth-largest main campus student body in the United States, with 51,147 students in 2013–14.", "University of Minnesota __knowledge__ The university is the flagship institution of the University of Minnesota system, and is organized into 19 colleges and schools, with sister campuses in Crookston, Duluth, Morris, and Rochester.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The University of Minnesota Marching Band (also known as UMMB, Minnesota Marching Band, and The Pride of Minnesota) is the marching band of the University of Minnesota and the flagship university band for the state of Minnesota.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The Pride of Minnesota serves as the university’s ambassador, representing the school at major events both on and off campus.", "University of Minnesota Marching Band __knowledge__ The band performs before, during, and after all home Golden Gopher football games and bowl games, occasional away games, local parades, numerous pepfests, exhibition performances, as well as a series of indoor concerts at the end of the regular football season.", "Saint Paul, Minnesota __knowledge__ Saint Paul (; abbreviated St. Paul) is the capital and second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Minnesota.", "Saint Paul, Minnesota __knowledge__ As of 2016, the city's estimated population was 304,442.", "Saint Paul, Minnesota __knowledge__ Saint Paul is the county seat of Ramsey County, the smallest and most densely populated county in Minnesota.", "Saint Paul, Minnesota __knowledge__ The city lies mostly on the east bank of the Mississippi River in the area surrounding its point of confluence with the Minnesota River, and adjoins Minneapolis, the state's largest city.", "Saint Paul, Minnesota __knowledge__ Known as the \"Twin Cities\", the two form the core of Minneapolis–Saint Paul, the 16th-largest metropolitan area in the United States, with about 3.52 million residents.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ The history of the U.S. state of Minnesota is shaped by its original Native American residents, European exploration and settlement, and the emergence of industries made possible by the state's natural resources.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ Minnesota achieved prominence through fur trading, logging, and farming, and later through railroads, and iron mining.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ While those industries remain important, the state's economy is now driven by banking, computers, and health care.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ The earliest known settlers followed herds of large game to the region during the last glacial period.", "History of Minnesota __knowledge__ They preceded the Anishinaabe, the Dakota, and other Native American inhabitants.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ There is also a four-episode OVA sequel.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ \"Anime Midstream\", Inc. announced in December, 2008, that it acquired the license for and planned to release the anime series Matchless Raijin-Oh in the U.S. sometime in 2009 as their first anime release.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The company began selling the first volume of the series direct from their website, as well as several other online retailers as of late December, 2009.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The first volume contained episodes 1-5.", "Matchless Raijin-Oh __knowledge__ The second volume, containing episodes 6-10, was released in September 2010, and translated the title beginning with this volume (and current printings of the first volume are now also marketed under that title).", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The Bell OH-58 Kiowa is a family of single-engine, single-rotor, military helicopters used for observation, utility, and direct fire support.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ Bell Helicopter manufactured the OH-58 for the United States Army based on its Model 206A JetRanger helicopter.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 was in continuous U.S. Army service from 1969 to 2017, when it was retired and replaced in this role by the Boeing AH-64 Apache.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The latest model, the \"OH-58D Kiowa Warrior\", is primarily operated in an armed reconnaissance role in support of ground troops.", "Bell OH-58 Kiowa __knowledge__ The OH-58 has been exported to Austria, Canada, Croatia, the Dominican Republic, Taiwan, Saudi Arabia, and Greece.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Coolness is an aesthetic of attitude, behavior, comportment, appearance and style which is generally admired.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Because of the varied and changing connotations of cool, as well as its subjective nature, the word has no single meaning.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ It has associations of composure and self-control (cf.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ the OED definition) and often is used as an expression of admiration or approval.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ Although commonly regarded as slang, it is widely used among disparate social groups and has endured in usage for generations.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ There is no single concept of cool.", "Cool (aesthetic) __knowledge__ One of the essential characteristics of cool is its mutability—what is considered cool changes over time and varies among cultures and generations.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ \"Reflective surfaces\" are surfaces that can deliver high solar reflectance (the ability to reflect the visible, infrared and ultraviolet wavelengths of the sun, reducing heat transfer to the surface) and high thermal emittance (the ability to radiate absorbed, or non-reflected solar energy).", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Reflective surfaces are a form of geoengineering.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ The most well-known type of reflective surface is the \"cool roof\".", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ While cool roofs are mostly associated with white roofs, they come in a variety of colors and materials and are available for both commercial and residential buildings.", "Reflective surfaces (climate engineering) __knowledge__ Today's \"cool roof\" pigments allow metal roofing products to be EnergyStar rated in dark colors, even black.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It consists of an oxygen and hydrogen atom held together by a covalent bond, and carries a negative electric charge.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It is an important but usually minor constituent of water.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ It functions as a base, a ligand, a nucleophile and a catalyst.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ The hydroxide ion forms salts, some of which dissociate in aqueous solution, liberating solvated hydroxide ions.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ Sodium hydroxide is a multi-million-ton per annum commodity chemical.", "Hydroxide __knowledge__ A hydroxide attached to a strongly electropositive center may itself ionize, liberating a hydrogen cation (H), making the parent compound an acid.", "Go-ongers __knowledge__ The are the fictional eponymous protagonists of the Japanese Super Sentai series \"Engine Sentai Go-onger\".", "Go-ongers __knowledge__ To become a Go-onger, each member was chosen by fictional sentient vehicles known as Engines to battle the evil Barbaric Machine Clan Ong'er also stands for those Kenyans who believe everything they are fed by the 37 dimwits.", "Go-ongers __knowledge__ The main team based out of the RV known as , named after Saki's family dog, the Go-onger team is composed of the core three and two back-up members who support the main team.", "Go-ongers __knowledge__ Each of the Go-ongers has his/her own role call phrase and a nickname (emblazoned on their \"civilian\" clothing) before the group says , saying \"Checker Flag\" whenever they win thus finishing the episode usually still wearing their suits without theIr helmets.", "David Oh __knowledge__ David H. Oh is a member of the City Council of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was elected in November 2011 and re-elected in November 2015, and was the first Asian-American elected to public office in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He is the only U.S. military veteran currently serving on the city council.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh was born in Philadelphia.", "David Oh __knowledge__ He has lived on the same block in Southwest Philadelphia since 1963.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Oh's father, the late Rev.", "David Oh __knowledge__ Ki Hang Oh, founded Philadelphia’s first Korean-American church in 1953 and served as its Pastor until his death in 2006.", "David Oh __knowledge__ In 1958, Oh’s cousin, In Ho Oh, a graduate student at the University of Pennsylvania, was murdered by a group of teenage boys while mailing a letter to his parents." ] ]

[ 3, 0, 0 ]

[ "Too much self-consciousness can make life quite unpleasant sometimes, don't you agree?", "Oh that's cool. Where do you study?", "Oh that's a wonderful part of the country, so many beautiful lakes. What do you plan to do when you graduate?" ]

[ "Self-consciousness", "Self-consciousness", "Self-consciousness" ]

[ "Beach\ni would like to go to the beach", "anyone i have never been there", "that's interesting ", "i'll look into it" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beach __knowledge__ A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles can also be biological in origin, such as mollusc shells or coralline algae.", "Beach __knowledge__ Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Beach __knowledge__ They may also have hospitality venues (such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches can be valued for their untouched beauty and preserved nature.", "Beach __knowledge__ Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits and reworks sediments.", "Beach __knowledge__ Although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word \"beach\", beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers.", "Beach __knowledge__ \"Beach\" may refer to: The former are described in detail below; the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars.", "Beach __knowledge__ There are several conspicuous parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form and shape it.", "Beach __knowledge__ The part mostly above water (depending upon tide), and more or less actively influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ Nikolas \"Nik\" Wallenda (born January 24, 1979) is an American acrobat, aerialist, daredevil, high wire artist, and author.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He is known for his high-wire performances without a safety net.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He holds nine Guinness World Records for various acrobatic feats, but is best known as the first person to walk a tightrope stretched directly over Niagara Falls.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ A seventh-generation member of The Flying Wallendas family, Nik Wallenda participated in various circus acts as a child.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ At age 13, he made his professional tightrope walking debut.", "Nik Wallenda __knowledge__ He chose high-wire walking as his career in 1998, after joining family members in a seven-person pyramid on the wire.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ \"Neighbours\" is an Australian television soap opera that was first broadcast on 18 March 1985.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2011, by order of first appearance.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ All characters were introduced by the shows executive producer Susan Bower.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ The 27th season of \"Neighbours\" began airing on 11 January 2011.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ That same month saw Jack Finsterer join the cast as Garland Cole.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ Dieter Brummer made his first appearance as Troy Miller in May and Carolyn Johnstone, a new love interest for Harold Bishop, followed shortly after.", "List of Neighbours characters (2011) __knowledge__ Ivan DeMarco and Superintendent Duncan Hayes began appearing in June.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ Seascape is a play by American playwright Edward Albee.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ The play won the 1975 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ The play opened on Broadway at the Sam S. Shubert Theatre on January 26, 1975 and closed on March 22, 1975 after 65 performances.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ Directed by Albee, the cast starred Deborah Kerr (Nancy), Barry Nelson (Charlie), Maureen Anderman (Sarah) and Frank Langella (Leslie).", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ Langella won the 1975 Tony Award, Featured Actor in a Play.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ The play was nominated for the 1975 Tony Award, Play and Lighting Design (Play or Musical) (James Tilton).", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ The original three-act version of the play ran in Europe.", "Seascape (play) __knowledge__ Albee \"jettisoned a large section of the play\" during the out of town tryout in Baltimore, prior to the Broadway premiere.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters from Downton Abbey, a British period drama television series created by Julian Fellowes and co-produced by Carnival Films and Masterpiece for ITV and PBS, respectively.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Robert Crawley, The 7th Earl of Grantham (also known as Lord Grantham) (played by Hugh Bonneville) was born in 1866 at Downton Abbey.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ His parents are the late 6th Earl of Grantham and the Dowager Countess of Grantham, Violet Crawley.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ He has a sister named Rosamund.", "List of Downton Abbey characters __knowledge__ Despite the family's financial situation, Robert's education was privileged and he was tutored from ages 7 to 13, before attending Eton and then Christ Church, Oxford, where he studied philosophy.", "Parliamentary parties involved in the 2008 Austrian legislative election __knowledge__ A legislative snap election for the National Council in Austria was held on 28 September 2008.", "Parliamentary parties involved in the 2008 Austrian legislative election __knowledge__ The previous election was held on 1 October 2006.", "Parliamentary parties involved in the 2008 Austrian legislative election __knowledge__ The election (the 24th in Austrian history) was caused by the withdrawal of Austrian People's Party leader Wilhelm Molterer from the governing grand coalition (led by the Social Democratic Party of Austria) on 7 July 2008.", "Parliamentary parties involved in the 2008 Austrian legislative election __knowledge__ Due to dissatisfaction with the grand coalition and the two main parties, it was widely expected to be a realigning election, with gains for the opposition and up to seven parties expected to be in the National Council after the election.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ This is a list of episodes of the British television programme \"Sugar Rush\", broadcast by Channel 4 from 2005 to 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ There have been 2 series of the programme, the first airing in 2005 and the second in 2006.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Each series consists of ten episodes, each 30 minutes long, including adverts.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Episodes do not have individual titles.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first series consists of ten episodes and follows a 15-year-old Kim's unrequited crush on Sugar.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The first episode starts with Kim and Sugar on the waltzers on Brighton Pier.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ Slowly, Sugar moves in to kiss Kim.", "List of Sugar Rush episodes __knowledge__ The scene then suddenly moves to Kim in bed, under a duvet with her eyes closed, and the sound of whirring." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beach __knowledge__ A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles can also be biological in origin, such as mollusc shells or coralline algae.", "Beach __knowledge__ Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Beach __knowledge__ They may also have hospitality venues (such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches can be valued for their untouched beauty and preserved nature.", "Beach __knowledge__ Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits and reworks sediments.", "Beach __knowledge__ Although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word \"beach\", beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers.", "Beach __knowledge__ \"Beach\" may refer to: The former are described in detail below; the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars.", "Beach __knowledge__ There are several conspicuous parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form and shape it.", "Beach __knowledge__ The part mostly above water (depending upon tide), and more or less actively influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm.", "Anyone Who Had a Heart (song) __knowledge__ \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" is a song written by Burt Bacharach (music) and Hal David (lyrics) for Dionne Warwick in 1963.", "Anyone Who Had a Heart (song) __knowledge__ In January 1964, Warwick's original recording hit the Top Ten in the United States, Canada, Spain, Netherlands, South Africa, Belgium and Australia.", "Anyone Who Had a Heart (song) __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and New Zealand, Warwick's recording lost out to a cover version by Cilla Black.", "Anyone Who Had a Heart (song) __knowledge__ Black's version was a UK number-one hit for three weeks in February/March 1964 and was also the fourth best-selling single of 1964 in the UK, with sales of around 950,000 copies.", "Anyone Who Had a Heart (song) __knowledge__ Petula Clark also recorded \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" in several foreign language versions for the international market.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Cattle slaughter is a controversial topic in India because of the cattle's traditional status as an endeared and respected living being to many in Hinduism, Sikhism, Jainism and Buddhism, in contrast to cattle being considered as an acceptable source of meat by many in Islam, Christianity as well as some adherents of Indian religions.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ More specifically, the cow's slaughter has been shunned because of a number of reasons such as being associated with god Krishna in Hinduism, cattle being respected as an integral part of rural livelihoods and an essential economic necessity.", "Cattle slaughter in India __knowledge__ Historically, cattle slaughter has also been opposed by various Indian religions because of the ethical principle of Ahimsa (non-violence) and the belief in the unity of all life.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ This list comprises the items featured in the American fantasy-drama television series \"Once Upon a Time\" and its spin-off \"Once Upon a Time in Wonderland\".", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The Aging Dust is causes the victim to age.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ The amount of aging depends on the amount of dust used.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Emma put some in the onion rings she gave Zelena, to accelerate her pregnancy.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ She wanted baby Robin out of the way so she could put the Darkness into Zelena and then kill her with Excalibur.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Mr. Gold owns some as well as he used it to temporarily age a fairy that he and the Evil Queen chased and captured into an old woman.", "List of items in Once Upon a Time __knowledge__ Regina was mentioned to have found a way to restore the fairy back to her rightful age.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ The Plame affair (also known as the CIA leak scandal and Plamegate) was a political scandal that revolved around journalist Robert Novak's public identification of Valerie Plame as a covert Central Intelligence Agency officer in 2003.", "Plame affair __knowledge__ In 2002, Plame wrote a memo to her superiors in which she expressed hesitation in recommending her husband, former diplomat Joseph C. Wilson, to the CIA for a mission to Niger to investigate claims that Iraq had arranged to purchase and import uranium from the country, but stated that he \"may be in a position to assist\".", "Plame affair __knowledge__ After President George W. Bush stated that \"Saddam Hussein recently sought significant quantities of uranium from Africa\" during the run-up to the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Wilson published a July 2003 op-ed in \"The New York Times\" stating his doubts during the mission that any such transaction with Iraq had taken place.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ The films listed below have been cited by a variety of notable critics in varying media sources as being among the worst films ever made.", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ Examples of such sources include Metacritic, Roger Ebert's list of most-hated films, \"The Golden Turkey Awards\", \"Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide\", Rotten Tomatoes, the Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, \"Mystery Science Theater 3000\", and the Golden Raspberry Awards (\"Razzies\").", "List of films considered the worst __knowledge__ \"Reefer Madness\" (originally released as \"Tell Your Children\" and sometimes titled or subtitled as \"The Burning Question\", \"Dope Addict\", \"Doped Youth\", and \"Love Madness\") is a 1936 American exploitation film and propaganda work revolving around the melodramatic events that ensue when high school students are lured by pushers to try marijuana—from a hit and run accident, to manslaughter, suicide, attempted rape, and descent into madness.", "Double negative __knowledge__ A double negative is a grammatical construction occurring when two forms of negation are used in the same sentence.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Multiple negation is the more general term referring to the occurrence of more than one negative in a clause.", "Double negative __knowledge__ In some languages, double negatives cancel one another and produce an affirmative; in other languages, doubled negatives intensify the negation.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Languages where multiple negatives affirm each other are said to have negative concord or emphatic negation.", "Double negative __knowledge__ Portuguese, Persian, Russian, Spanish, Neapolitan, Italian, Czech, Polish, and some dialects of English are examples of negative-concord languages, while Latin and German do not have negative concord.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John Lawrence McKenzie (October 9, 1910 – March 2, 1991) was born on October 9, 1910, in Brazil, Indiana, the first of the six children of Myra (Daly) and Harry McKenzie.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie became the premier Catholic Biblical scholar of the mid-twentieth century; indeed, John Courtney Murray, SJ, wrote that John McKenzie was \"the best Catholic theologian he knew of in the United States.\"", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ John McKenzie was interested in the Jesuits from an early age.", "John L. McKenzie __knowledge__ At some significant sacrifice to his family, he was enrolled in a Jesuit boarding high school in St. Mary’s, Kansas, where he came first in his class three out of his four years there.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ A lifeguard is a rescuer who supervises the safety and rescue of swimmers, surfers, and other water sports participants such as in a swimming pool, water park, or beach.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ Lifeguards are strong swimmers and trained in CPR/AED first aid, certified in water rescue using a variety of aids and equipment depending on requirements of their particular venue.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ In some areas, lifeguards are part of the emergency services system to incidents and in some communities, the lifeguard service also carries out mountain rescues, or may function as the primary EMS provider.", "Lifeguard __knowledge__ A lifeguard is responsible for the safety of people in an area of water, and usually a defined area immediately surrounding or adjacent to it, such as a beach next to an ocean or lake.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ Huntington State Beach is a protected beach in Southern California, located in the City of Huntington Beach in Orange County.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ It extends from Newport Beach (Santa Ana River) north to Beach Boulevard, where the Huntington City Beach begins.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ The park was established in 1942.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ This beach is a popular destination for many beach enthusiasts.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ This beach has moderate to good surf, fishing, volleyball courts, basketball courts, bathrooms, and fire-rings for bonfires.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ Lifeguard Services at Huntington State Beach are provided by the California State Parks Lifeguard Service.", "Huntington State Beach __knowledge__ Lifeguards patrol the beach year-round while lifeguard towers are staffed roughly Memorial Day weekend through Labor Day weekend.", "Lifeguards Without Borders __knowledge__ Lifeguards Without Borders is an international non-profit organization made up of volunteer lifeguards and health care professionals who aim to reduce drowning worldwide through domestic and international training, program development, and research.", "Lifeguards Without Borders __knowledge__ It was organized by doctors Justin Sempsrott and Andrew Schimdt in 2006, and is an international division of the American Red Cross Volunteer Lifesaving Corps, which has provided volunteer lifeguards to beaches in the United States since 1912.", "Lifeguards Without Borders __knowledge__ The group's projects have included lifeguard instructor training programs in Peru; teaching EMS, nursing and physician courses; performing medical research on drowning; donating whistles, buoys, and rescue boards; and providing additional lifeguards for large scale events, such as Carnaval in Ecuador.", "Borislav Pelević __knowledge__ Borislav Pelević (; born 22 November 1956) is a Serbian politician.", "Borislav Pelević __knowledge__ He was president of the nationalist Party of Serbian Unity (SSJ), a party with marginal importance in Serbian politics, until it merged with the Serbian Radical Party in December 2007.", "Borislav Pelević __knowledge__ Pelević fought with Arkan's Tigers during the war in the Republic of Serbian Krajina, serving at the Erdut training camp.", "Borislav Pelević __knowledge__ He was also a presidential candidate in the Serbian presidential election, 2004.", "Borislav Pelević __knowledge__ He was elected to the Serbian parliament on the Serbian Radical Party list twice, in 2007 and 2008.", "Borislav Pelević __knowledge__ After the party's deputy leader, Tomislav Nikolić (who was also acting as parliamentary leader due to the absence of party leader Vojislav Šešelj), resigned from the SRS and formed the new \"Napred Srbijo!\"", "Piha Surf Life Saving Club __knowledge__ Piha Surf Life Saving Club (sometimes called Piha Lifeguard Service) is a surf lifesaving club for the southern section of Piha, on the west coast of Auckland, New Zealand, some 45 km from Auckland City centre.", "Piha Surf Life Saving Club __knowledge__ The patrol is featured on the TVNZ reality show \"Piha Rescue\", and is ordinarily broadcast Mondays at 7:30 PM on the channel TVNZ 1 when a season is running.", "Piha Surf Life Saving Club __knowledge__ The club is the best-known of 17 surf lifesaving clubs in the Northern Region of New Zealand, and possibly one of the best-known surf lifesaving clubs in the entire country.", "Piha Surf Life Saving Club __knowledge__ Its high-profile is partly being due to its participation in the television series and partly through its location on one of the country's most-popular surfing beaches.", "Huntington Beach, California __knowledge__ Huntington Beach is a seaside city in Orange County in Southern California.", "Huntington Beach, California __knowledge__ The city is named after American businessman Henry E. Huntington.", "Huntington Beach, California __knowledge__ The population was 189,992 during the 2010 census, making it the most populous beach city in Orange County and the seventh most populous city in the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.", "Huntington Beach, California __knowledge__ Its estimated 2014 population was 200,809.", "Huntington Beach, California __knowledge__ It is bordered by Bolsa Chica Basin State Marine Conservation Area on the west, the Pacific Ocean on the southwest, by Seal Beach on the northwest, by Westminster on the north, by Fountain Valley on the northeast, by Costa Mesa on the east, and by Newport Beach on the southeast.", "Gusti Ayu Karang __knowledge__ Gusti Ayu Karang was a regent in Indonesia from 1809 to 1814.", "Gusti Ayu Karang __knowledge__ Her home kingdom was the Kingdom of Karangasem.", "Gusti Ayu Karang __knowledge__ She was the mother of Dewa Agung Istri Kanya, whose father and co-regent was Dewa Agung Putra I.", "Gusti Ayu Karang __knowledge__ She invented new conditions for Dewa Agung Istri Kanya to become the \"Virgin Queen of Klungkung.\"", "Gusti Ayu Karang __knowledge__ A poem about Gusti Ayu Karang, titled \"Gusti Ayu Karang\", is in the book \"Feminist Poems\" by Nancy Quinn Collins, published in 2016." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beach __knowledge__ A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles can also be biological in origin, such as mollusc shells or coralline algae.", "Beach __knowledge__ Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Beach __knowledge__ They may also have hospitality venues (such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches can be valued for their untouched beauty and preserved nature.", "Beach __knowledge__ Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits and reworks sediments.", "Beach __knowledge__ Although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word \"beach\", beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers.", "Beach __knowledge__ \"Beach\" may refer to: The former are described in detail below; the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars.", "Beach __knowledge__ There are several conspicuous parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form and shape it.", "Beach __knowledge__ The part mostly above water (depending upon tide), and more or less actively influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm.", "QI __knowledge__ QI (Quite Interesting) is a British comedy panel game television quiz show created and co-produced by John Lloyd, and features permanent panelist Alan Davies.", "QI __knowledge__ Stephen Fry was host of the show from its initial pilot, before departing after the final episode of the M series in 2015, with frequent \"QI\" panelist Sandi Toksvig replacing him prior to the beginning of the N series in 2016.", "QI __knowledge__ The format of the show focuses on Davies and three other guest panelists answering questions that are extremely obscure, making it unlikely that the correct answer will be given.", "QI __knowledge__ To compensate, the panelists are awarded points not only for the right answer, but also for interesting ones, regardless of whether they are right or even relate to the original question, while points are deducted for \"answers which are not only wrong, but pathetically obvious\" – typically answers that are generally believed to be true but in fact are misconceptions.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ The E11 European long distance path or E11 path is one of the European long-distance paths, running 2560 km (about 1600 miles) west-east from The Hague in the Netherlands through Germany and Poland to the Lithuanian border.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ It starts in Scheveningen, a fishing community, commercial harbor and spa in The Hague on the Dutch coast of the North Sea.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ As there are no rambling organizations from Lithuania, Latvia or Russia participating in the European Ramblers' Association, it is unlikely that the E11 will be extended to reach Saint Petersburg or Moscow, as was foreseen originally.", "E11 European long distance path __knowledge__ The E11 is one of three European long distance paths running East from the Benelux to Eastern Poland.", "The Most Interesting Man in the World __knowledge__ The Most Interesting Man in the World is an advertising campaign for the Dos Equis brand of beer.", "The Most Interesting Man in the World __knowledge__ The ads feature \"the world's most interesting man\", a bearded, debonair gentleman, with voiceovers that are intended to be both humorous and outrageous.", "The Most Interesting Man in the World __knowledge__ The advertisements first began appearing in the United States in 2006 and have since then become a popular Internet meme.", "The Most Interesting Man in the World __knowledge__ The advertisements first began appearing in the United States in 2006, with The Most Interesting Man in the World portrayed by American actor Jonathan Goldsmith, and \"Frontline\" narrator Will Lyman providing voiceovers.", "The Most Interesting Man in the World __knowledge__ They were produced by the marketing firm Euro RSCG (now Havas Worldwide) for Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Brewery.", "Cognitive dissonance __knowledge__ In the field of psychology, cognitive dissonance is the mental discomfort (psychological stress) experienced by a person who simultaneously holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values.", "Cognitive dissonance __knowledge__ The occurrence of cognitive dissonance is a consequence of a person performing an action that contradicts personal beliefs, ideals, and values; and also occurs when confronted with new information that contradicts said beliefs, ideals, and values.", "Cognitive dissonance __knowledge__ In \"A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance\" (1957), Leon Festinger proposed that human beings strive for internal psychological consistency in order to mentally function in the real world.", "Interesting number paradox __knowledge__ The interesting number paradox is a semi-humorous paradox which arises from the attempt to classify natural numbers as \"interesting\" or \"dull\".", "Interesting number paradox __knowledge__ The paradox states that all natural numbers are interesting.", "Interesting number paradox __knowledge__ The \"proof\" is by contradiction: if there exists a non-empty set of uninteresting numbers, there would be a smallest uninteresting number – but the smallest uninteresting number is itself interesting because it is the smallest uninteresting number, thus producing a contradiction.", "Interesting number paradox __knowledge__ Attempting to classify all numbers this way leads to a paradox or an antinomy of definition.", "Interesting number paradox __knowledge__ Any hypothetical partition of natural numbers into \"interesting\" and \"dull\" sets seems to fail.", "Mirusha Park __knowledge__ Mirusha (; ) is a regional park located in the central part of Kosovo on the eastern side of the Metohija plain.", "Mirusha Park __knowledge__ The area has been put under protection in 1975 as a special nature reserve, with an area of 190.21.55 ha by a decision of municipality of Rahovec and Klina.", "Mirusha Park __knowledge__ Due to its geoheritage values,specific landscapes, as well as high plant diversity, in 1982 it was declared a regional park in the fifth category (Protected Landscape) according to IUCN, with an area of 555.80.70 ha, stretching on three municipalities: Klina, Malisheva and Rahovec.", "Mirusha Park __knowledge__ One year later in 1983 due hydrological, geo-morphological and landscape values, the water flow of river Mirusha has also been put under protection in third category (Natural Monument) according to IUCN.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Steve Davis, (born 22 August 1957) is an English retired professional snooker player from Plumstead, London.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Known for dominating the sport during the 1980s, when he won the World Championship six times and was ranked world number one for seven consecutive seasons, he is remembered particularly for contesting the 1985 World Championship final with Dennis Taylor, the black-ball conclusion of which attracted a record 18.5 million British viewers.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ He is a well known public figure and is generally viewed by his peers as one of the greatest players of all time.", "Steve Davis __knowledge__ Until his retirement in 2016, Davis combined his ongoing playing career with his role as a television analyst and commentator for the BBC's snooker coverage, alongside being a DJ of electronic music on local radio station Phoenix FM and at the Bloc Weekend music festival.", "Karadere beach __knowledge__ Karadere () is one of the last remaining unblighted by mass tourism development areas with a wild beach on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast.", "Karadere beach __knowledge__ The name derives from the Turkish \"kara\" meaning black and \"dere\" meaning gully.", "Karadere beach __knowledge__ Situated to the northern slopes of the Balkan Mountains, Karadere is about 5 kilometers away from the town of Byala and the village of Goritsa, Varna Province.", "Karadere beach __knowledge__ The beach spans 5 kilometers in length and is bordered by a mixed oak forest, vineyards and cultivated land.", "Karadere beach __knowledge__ The mouths of the Karadere river and the Byala river are situated on the beach.", "Karadere beach __knowledge__ Although Karadere is relatively close to the town and village, it is difficult to reach because there is no infrastructure.", "Polihale State Park __knowledge__ Polihale State Park is a remote wild beach on the western side of the Hawaiian island of Kauai.", "Polihale State Park __knowledge__ It is the most western publicly accessible area in Hawaii, although the privately owned island of Niihau is further west.", "Polihale State Park __knowledge__ The park is miles away from the town of Kekaha, and it can only be reached via a poorly marked, dirt sugarcane road, making a four-wheel drive vehicle preferable.", "Polihale State Park __knowledge__ The beach is several miles long, yet only the area known as \"Queen's Pond\" offers safe swimming.", "Polihale State Park __knowledge__ The park is located at the western end of Kauai and has many miles of shoreline that averages about 300 feet from the barrier dunes to the surf line.", "Big Sur __knowledge__ Big Sur is a lightly populated, unincorporated region on California's Central Coast that is frequently praised for its rugged coastline and mountain views, where the Santa Lucia Mountains rise abruptly from the Pacific Ocean.", "Big Sur __knowledge__ The coast is the \"longest and most scenic stretch of undeveloped coastline in the [contiguous] United States,\" it has been described as a \"national treasure that demands extraordinary procedures to protect it from development\" and \"one of the most beautiful coastlines anywhere in the world, an isolated stretch of road, mythic in reputation.\"", "Big Sur __knowledge__ Big Sur's Cone Peak at 5,155 feet (1,571 m) is only 3 miles (5 km) from the ocean and the tallest coastal mountain in the contiguous United States.", "Breast augmentation __knowledge__ Breast augmentation and augmentation mammoplasty (colloquially known as a \"boob job\") are plastic surgery terms for the breast-implant and the fat-graft mammoplasty approaches used to increase the size, change the shape, and alter the texture of the breasts of a woman.", "Breast augmentation __knowledge__ As a primary reconstruction, augmentation mammoplasty is applied to effect a post–mastectomy breast reconstruction, the repair of the chest wound consequent to the removal of a cancerous breast; to correct congenital defects of the breast(s); and to correct congenital defects of the chest wall.", "Breast augmentation __knowledge__ As an elective, cosmetic surgery, primary augmentation changes the aestheticsof size, shape, and textureof healthy breasts.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ This list of ecoregions of North America provides an overview of North American ecoregions designated by the Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) in its North American Environmental Atlas.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ It should not be confused with Wikipedia articles based on the classification system developed by the World Wildlife Fund, such as List of ecoregions (WWF) and Lists of ecoregions by country.", "List of ecoregions in North America (CEC) __knowledge__ The commission was established in 1994 by the member states of Canada, Mexico, and the United States to address regional environmental concerns under the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC), the environmental side accord to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).", "Cyryl Klimowicz __knowledge__ Bishop Cyril Klimowicz (; born November 5, 1952 in Amangeldy, near Almaty, Kazakhstan) is the Ordinary of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint Joseph at Irkutsk.", "Cyryl Klimowicz __knowledge__ Born in Kazakhstan to Belarusian parents.", "Cyryl Klimowicz __knowledge__ From 1956 to 1965 Cyryl Klimowicz lived in the Bielorrussian Soviet Socialist Republic, and later he moved with his family to Poland.", "Cyryl Klimowicz __knowledge__ After graduating from high school in 1974 he entered the Major Seminary «Hosianum» in the city of Olsztyn (Poland), from which he graduated in 1980.", "Cyryl Klimowicz __knowledge__ He was ordained as priest on June 8, 1980 by the Primate of Poland Cardinal Józef Glemp.", "Cyryl Klimowicz __knowledge__ After his ordination he served as vicar in the cities Wydminy, Pasłęk and Klewki under Olsztyn; in this period he participated in the construction of a new seminary in Olsztyn, Poland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Beach __knowledge__ A beach is a landform alongside a body of water which consists of loose particles.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles composing a beach are typically made from rock, such as sand, gravel, shingle, pebbles, or cobblestones.", "Beach __knowledge__ The particles can also be biological in origin, such as mollusc shells or coralline algae.", "Beach __knowledge__ Some beaches have man-made infrastructure, such as lifeguard posts, changing rooms, and showers.", "Beach __knowledge__ They may also have hospitality venues (such as resorts, camps, hotels, and restaurants) nearby.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches, also known as undeveloped or undiscovered beaches, are not developed in this manner.", "Beach __knowledge__ Wild beaches can be valued for their untouched beauty and preserved nature.", "Beach __knowledge__ Beaches typically occur in areas along the coast where wave or current action deposits and reworks sediments.", "Beach __knowledge__ Although the seashore is most commonly associated with the word \"beach\", beaches are also found by lakes and alongside large rivers.", "Beach __knowledge__ \"Beach\" may refer to: The former are described in detail below; the larger geological units are discussed elsewhere under bars.", "Beach __knowledge__ There are several conspicuous parts to a beach that relate to the processes that form and shape it.", "Beach __knowledge__ The part mostly above water (depending upon tide), and more or less actively influenced by the waves at some point in the tide, is termed the beach berm.", "BBC News presentation __knowledge__ The presentation and the identities of the BBC News Channel, the international counterpart BBC World News and the BBC Parliament coverage channel use specific identities that demonstrate their remit and purpose.", "BBC News presentation __knowledge__ BBC News 24 was launched at 5.30pm on 9 November 1997 as a domestic news channel operating 24 hours a day.", "BBC News presentation __knowledge__ It acted as a sister channel to BBC World which had launched two years earlier.", "BBC News presentation __knowledge__ As a result of this partnership between the two channels, they shared some overnight programming and the same identity consisting of flags designed by Lambie-Nairn.", "BBC News presentation __knowledge__ The rippling flags were mostly fictitious, but included the Flag of St. George, the Flag of St. Andrew, the Catalan flag and the Pakistani flag, accompanied by an orchestral soundtrack comprised most noticeable of Percussion instruments. The channel logo consisted of the BBC logo with an uppercase 'News 24' written afterwards to the right of the logo.", "Don't Look Now __knowledge__ Don't Look Now () is a 1973 independent British-Italian film directed by Nicolas Roeg.", "Don't Look Now __knowledge__ It is a thriller adapted from the short story by Daphne du Maurier.", "Don't Look Now __knowledge__ Julie Christie and Donald Sutherland portray a married couple who travel to Venice following the recent accidental death of their daughter, after the husband accepts a commission to restore a church.", "Don't Look Now __knowledge__ They encounter two sisters, one of whom claims to be clairvoyant and informs them that their daughter is trying to contact them and warn them of danger.", "Don't Look Now __knowledge__ The husband at first dismisses their claims, but starts to experience mysterious sightings himself.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The history of fashion design refers to the development of the fashion industry which designs clothing and accessories.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ The modern industry, based around firms or fashion houses run by individual designers, started in the 19th century with Charles Frederick Worth who was the first designer to have his label sewn into the garments that he created.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Couture beginnings.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Rose Bertin (July 2, 1747 – September 22, 1813) was the dressmaker to Marie Antoinette, Queen of France.", "History of fashion design __knowledge__ Sometimes called sarcastically the \"Minister of Fashion\", she opened a shop in Paris and had a considerable influence on Parisian style, until this was drastically changed by the French Revolution, from which she fled into exile to London for some years.", "Look at Me Now (Chris Brown song) __knowledge__ \"Look at Me Now\" is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, featuring American rappers Lil Wayne and Busta Rhymes, released as the second single from Brown's fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Look at Me Now (Chris Brown song) __knowledge__ on February 1, 2011.", "Look at Me Now (Chris Brown song) __knowledge__ The artists co-wrote the song with its producers Afrojack, Diplo, and Free School, with additional writing from Ryan Buendia.", "Look at Me Now (Chris Brown song) __knowledge__ Musically, \"Look at Me Now\" is a \"Dirty south-inspired\" hip hop song that features \"thumping bass, spacy synth and horn jam sounds.\"", "Look at Me Now (Chris Brown song) __knowledge__ Critical reception towards the song was positive, where critics noted it as a standout track on the album, and praised Busta Rhymes and Lil Wayne's rap verses.", "You Look So Fine __knowledge__ \"You Look So Fine\" is a single released in 1999, and was the final single taken from Garbage's second album \"Version 2.0\", where it was also the closing track.", "You Look So Fine __knowledge__ \"You Look So Fine\" closed either the main set or encore at every headlining show Garbage performed on the two-year-long \"Version 2.0\" world tour.", "You Look So Fine __knowledge__ The release of the single was promoted by a torch song version arranged by Fun Lovin' Criminals, on which singer Shirley Manson performed a new vocal.", "You Look So Fine __knowledge__ The new version was part of a remix trade between both bands, where Garbage remixed Fun Lovin' Criminals single \"Korean Bodega\" in reciprocation.", "History of ITV television idents __knowledge__ The ITV television network began as a group of regional stations, each with their own identities.", "History of ITV television idents __knowledge__ Each station used its own idents to create an individual identity until the late 1990s when ITV began to introduce a consolidated presentation package as part of a dedicated effort to unify its identity.", "History of ITV television idents __knowledge__ This article looks at the history of presentation of ITV.", "History of ITV television idents __knowledge__ When ITV was incepted in 1955, most of the franchises had their own individual logos and identities and were created by the franchise holders for their own use and identification within the network.", "History of ITV television idents __knowledge__ From 1981, a generic, 'blocky-looking' logo was used infrequently throughout the 1980s, often in a rainbow colouration for promos produced by the \"Big 5\" franchises (Thames Television, LWT, Granada Television, Yorkshire Television and ATV/Central Television), as well as holding slides used by some of the regions and Channel 4 (for cross-promotion purposes), but it was never used as the centrepiece of an identity.", "OPEN LOOK __knowledge__ OPEN LOOK (sometimes referred to as Open Look) is a graphical user interface (GUI) specification for UNIX workstations.", "OPEN LOOK __knowledge__ It was originally defined in the late 1980s by Sun Microsystems and AT&T Corporation.", "OPEN LOOK __knowledge__ OPEN LOOK was created at a time when there was little or no standardization in Unix graphical user interfaces (GUIs); the X Window System was emerging as the likely de facto standard for Unix graphical displays, but its designers had deliberately chosen not to specify any look and feel guidelines, leaving this up to application and window manager developers.", "OPEN LOOK __knowledge__ At the same time, there was increasing use of GUIs in non-UNIX operating systems: the Apple Macintosh was released in early 1984, followed by Microsoft Windows 1.0 and Amiga Workbench in 1985.", "Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail __knowledge__ The Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail is a state-designated system of trails, bird sanctuaries, and nature preserves along the entire length of the Texas Gulf Coast in the United States.", "Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail __knowledge__ As the state of Texas hosts more bird species than any other in the U.S. the trail system offers some of the most unusual opportunities for bird-watching in the world.", "Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail __knowledge__ The \"trail\" is actually 43 separate hiking and driving trails that include 308 birding sites.", "Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail __knowledge__ The sites themselves feature a variety of viewing opportunities with boardwalks, observation decks, and other amenities.", "Great Texas Coastal Birding Trail __knowledge__ The trails boast more than 450 bird species.", "Protected areas of Ukraine __knowledge__ Protected areas of Ukraine () are special areas of Ukraine established with the goal of protecting the natural and cultural heritage of the country from excessive changes as a result of human activity.", "Protected areas of Ukraine __knowledge__ The protection of the areas is the responsibility of the government of Ukraine, specifically the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine.", "Protected areas of Ukraine __knowledge__ Ukraine has several categories of protected areas of Ukraine and the protected areas include: There are two separate ministries that, together with the Cabinet of Ministers, administer the preservation of protected areas on the national scale.", "Protected areas of Ukraine __knowledge__ Local preservation is conducted through the regional State Administrations.", "Categories of protected areas of Ukraine __knowledge__ Categories of Natural Environment Protected Areas of Ukraine were reestablished (redefined) by the national parliament of Ukraine (Verkhovna Rada) after the fall of the Soviet Union.", "Categories of protected areas of Ukraine __knowledge__ On June 16, 1992 the President of Ukraine Leonid Kravchuk signed the law on the \"Nature-Preservation Fund of Ukraine\".", "Categories of protected areas of Ukraine __knowledge__ The law redefined already the established system of environment protection management for Ukraine as a fully sovereign and independent country.", "Categories of protected areas of Ukraine __knowledge__ National Parks in Ukraine and other Protected Areas of Ukraine include Ramsar Sites in Ukraine, *Biosphere Preserves of Ukraine, National Nature Parks of Ukraine, Nature Preserves of Ukraine, Regional landscape parks of Ukraine, Nature monuments of Ukraine, Protected tracts of Ukraine and Habitat / Species Managed Areas of Ukraine.", "Conservancy of Southwest Florida __knowledge__ The mission of the Conservancy of Southwest Florida is to “protect Southwest Florida’s unique natural environment and quality of life, now and forever.” The organization is located on 21 acres in Naples, Florida and features the Conservancy of Southwest Florida Nature Center.", "Conservancy of Southwest Florida __knowledge__ The Conservancy dates back to 1964 when a small group of concerned citizens in Naples succeeded in stopping the construction of a roadway through Rookery Bay.", "Conservancy of Southwest Florida __knowledge__ Ever since, the Conservancy has focused on protecting the water, land and wildlife of the Southwest Florida area through environmental policy, science, education and wildlife rehabilitation.", "Brown County State Park __knowledge__ Brown County State Park is located in the United States in the center of the southern half of the state of Indiana.", "Brown County State Park __knowledge__ The park is the largest of 24 state parks in Indiana, and occupies —making it one of the larger state parks in the United States.", "Brown County State Park __knowledge__ It is Indiana's most visited state park, and has about 1.3 million visitors each year.", "Brown County State Park __knowledge__ Although Bloomington, Indiana, is the closest city, the park is closer to the small town of Nashville in Brown County.", "Brown County State Park __knowledge__ Brown County is named for General Jacob Brown, who fought in the War of 1812 and became Commanding General of the United States Army.", "Brown County State Park __knowledge__ The park opened in 1929, and was dedicated in 1932 as a memorial to Indiana humorist Frank McKinney \"Kin\" Hubbard.", "Najafgarh drain __knowledge__ The Najafgarh drain or Najafgarh nallah (\"nallah\" in Hindi means rivulet or storm water drain), which also acts as Najafgarh drain bird sanctuary, is another name for the northern most end of River Sahibi, which continues its flow through Delhi, where it is channelized, and then flows into the Yamuna.", "Najafgarh drain __knowledge__ Within Delhi, due to its channelization for flood control purposes, it is now erroneously called \"Najafgarh drain\" or \"Najafgarh nallah.\"", "Najafgarh drain __knowledge__ It gets this name from the once famous and huge Najafgarh Jheel (lake) near the town of Najafgarh in southwest Delhi and within urbanized Delhi.", "Najafgarh drain __knowledge__ It is the Indian capital’s most polluted water body due to direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Wilderness or wildland is a natural environment on Earth that has not been significantly modified by human activity.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ It may also be defined as: \"The most intact, undisturbed wild natural areas left on our planet—those last truly wild places that humans do not control and have not developed with roads, pipelines or other industrial infrastructure.\"", "Wilderness __knowledge__ The term is usually limited to terrestrial environments, though the seas and outer space also are little developed by people.", "Wilderness __knowledge__ Recent maps of wilderness suggest it covers roughly one quarter of Earth's terrestrial surface, but is being rapidly degraded by human activity." ] ]

[ 4, 6, 7, 9 ]

[ "Great! Are you looking for a monitored beach with lifeguards?", "Well if that doesn't matter, I'd recommend a wild beach. They're undeveloped so you get to experience them in their natural form. ", "Yes - and beautiful. Sometimes there are nature preserves too where you can see lots of local wildlife.", "Great! I think the seaside has the best natural beaches, so maybe look for one along the coast. " ]

[ "Beach", "Beach", "Beach", "Beach" ]

[ "Boiled egg", "Yeah! I love them! They're nice with sandwiches. How about you?", "Yeah. Have you ever eaten them fresh? I like to visit a farm and get them right from the hen!", "Yes, that's a good way to cook them. Do you like scrambled eggs also? " ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1955, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company did not add another permanent hamburger to its menu until the introduction of the Big King sandwich in 1996 in response to McDonald's Big Mac sandwich.", "List of Burger King products __knowledge__ The company began experimenting with premium hamburgers, made from higher quality ingredients, in 1978 with the introduction of its Specialty Sandwich product line.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ Usher Raymond IV (born October 14, 1978), is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actor.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He was born in Dallas, Texas, but raised in Chattanooga, Tennessee until moving to Atlanta, Georgia.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ At the age of 12, his mother put him in local singing competitions, before catching the attention of a music A&R from LaFace Records.", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ In 1994, he released his self-titled debut album, \"Usher\".", "Usher (musician) __knowledge__ He rose to fame in the late 1990s with the release of his second album \"My Way\" (1997), which spawned his first U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot 100 number-one single, \"Nice & Slow\", amongst top-two singles \"You Make Me Wanna...\" and \"My Way\".", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ TRL's Number Ones is the collection of music videos that had reached the number-one spot on the daily music video countdown show \"Total Request Live\" which aired on MTV from 1998 to 2008.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ Usually the same video will stay on the number-one spot for a series of weeks but after a certain period it will be retired or honorably discharged from the countdown and be put into the hall of fame.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ The music video is usually determined various ways such as voting online on MTV.com, the \"Billboard\" charts, ratings on the radio and downloads over the internet.", "TRL's Number Ones __knowledge__ January 2: \"Lose Yourself\" - Eminem January 3: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 6: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 7: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 8: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 9: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 10: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 13: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 14: \"All I Have\" - Jennifer Lopez featuring LL Cool J January 15: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 16: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 17: \"I'm With You\" - Avril Lavigne January 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 22: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 23: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 24: \"Cry Me A River\" - Justin Timberlake January 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 28: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 29: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 30: \"Bump, Bump, Bump\" - B2K featuring P. Diddy January 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 3: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 4: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 7: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 10: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 11: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 12: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte February 14: Valentine's Day Special #1 Video: \"Why I Love You\" - B2K February 17: TRL Awards #1 Video: \"Larger Than Life\" - Backstreet Boys February 18: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 19: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 20: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 21: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 24: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 25: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 26: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake February 27: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent February 28: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 3: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 4: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 5: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 6: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 7: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 10: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 11: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 12: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 13: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 14: \"Sing For The Moment\" - Eminem March 17: \"In Da Club\" - 50 Cent March 18: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 19: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 20: Coverage on the war in Iraq March 21: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 24: \"The Hell Song\" - Sum 41 March 25: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 26: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 27: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte March 31: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 1: \"Girlfriend\" - B2K April 2: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte April 3: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 4: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 7: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 8: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 9: \"Addicted\" - Simple Plan April 10: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 11: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 15: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 16: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 17: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 18: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 22: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 23: \"Rock Your Body\" - Justin Timberlake April 24: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 25: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg April 28: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 29: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera April 30: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 1: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 2: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 5: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 6: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 7: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 8: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 9: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 12: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 13: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 14: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 15: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 16: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 19: \"21 Questions\" - 50 Cent featuring Nate Dogg May 20: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 21: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 22: \"Fighter\" - Christina Aguilera May 26: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 27: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 28: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 29: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson May 30: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 2: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 3: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 4: \"Rock Wit U\" - Ashanti June 5: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 9: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 10: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 11: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 12: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 16: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 17: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 18: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 19: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson June 23: \"Girls & Boys\" - Good Charlotte June 24: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 25: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 26: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z June 30: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 1: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 2: \"Miss Independent\" - Kelly Clarkson July 3: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 7: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 8: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 9: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 10: Dynamic Duos #1 Video: \"Girlfriend ( Remix )\"- 'N Sync featuring Nelly July 11: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 14: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 15: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 16: \"Crazy In Love\" - Beyoncé featuring Jay-Z July 17: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 18: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 21: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 22: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim July 23: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 24: Funniest Video #1 Video: \"Without Me\" - Eminem July 25: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 28: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit July 29: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 30: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell July 31: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 1: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 4: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 5: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 6: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 7: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 8: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 11: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 12: \"Can't Hold Us Down\" - Christina Aguilera featuring Lil' Kim August 13: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 14: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell August 15: August 18: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 19: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 20: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 21: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 26: \"P. I. M. P. ( Remix )\" - 50 Cent featuring Snoop Dogg & G-Unit August 27: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy August 28: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson August 29: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 2: \"Right Thurr\" - Chingy September 3: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 4: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 5: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 8: \"Low\" - Kelly Clarkson September 9: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 10: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 11: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 12: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 15: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul September 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 17: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 18: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 19: \"So Yesterday\" - Hilary Duff September 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 23: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 24: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 25: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 26: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 29: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast September 30: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 1: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 2: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 3: \"Senorita\" - Justin Timberlake featuring Pharrell October 6: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 7: \"Baby Boy\" - Beyoncé featuring Sean Paul October 8: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 9: \"Perfect\" - Simple Plan October 10: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 14: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 15: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 16: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 17: \"Trouble\" - P!nk October 18: \"Trouble\" - Pink October 21: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 22: \"Hey Ya\" - Outkast October 23: \"The Voice Within\" - Christina Aguilera October 27: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 28: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 29: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna October 30: \"Will You\" - P. O. D. October 31: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 3: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 4: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 5: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 6: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 7: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 11: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 12: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 13: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 14: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 17: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 18: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 19: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna November 20: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 24: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte November 25: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 1: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 2: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 3: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 4: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 5: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 8: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 10: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 11: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 December 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken December 16: \"Me Against The Music\" - Britney Spears featuring Madonna December 17: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 18: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 19: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 22: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 23: \"Me, Myself, And I\" - Beyoncé December 29: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit December 30: Song Of The Year: \"The Anthem\" - Good Charlotte January 5: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 6: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 7: \"Poppin Them Thangs\" - G-Unit January 8: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 9: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 12: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 13: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 14: \"Feeling This\" - Blink-182 January 15: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 16: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 19: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 21: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 22: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 26: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 27: \"Invisible\" - Clay Aiken January 28: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 29: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears January 30: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring Jason Weaver February 2: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 9: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 10: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 11: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 12: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 13: \"Hold On\" - Good Charlotte February 16: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 17: \"One Call Away\" - Chingy featuring J/Weav February 18: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 19: \"Sorry 2004\" - Ruben Studdard February 20: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 23: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 24: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 25: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears February 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon February 27: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 2: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 3: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 4: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 5: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 8: \"Toxic\" - Britney Spears March 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 10: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 11: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 15: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 16: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 17: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken March 18: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 22: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 23: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 24: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 25: \"My Band\" - D12 March 26: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 29: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 30: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon March 31: \"My Band\" - D12 April 1: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 5: \"Naughty Girl\" - Beyoncé April 6: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 7: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 8: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 9: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 12: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 13: \"Yeah\" - Usher featuring Ludacris & Lil' Jon April 14: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 15: \"The Way\" - Clay Aiken April 16: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 19: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 20: \"Roses\" - Outkast April 21: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 22: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 23: \"My Band\" - D12 April 26: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears April 27: \"My Band\" - D12 April 28: \"My Band\" - D12 April 29: \"Everytime\" - Britney Spears May 3: \"My Band\" - D12 May 4: \"My Band\" - D12 May 5: \"My Band\" - D12 May 6: \"My Band\" - D12 May 7: \"My Band\" - D12 May 10: \"My Band\" - D12 May 11: \"My Band\" - D12 May 17: \"My Band\" - D12 May 18: \"Burn\" - Usher May 19: \"Burn\" - Usher May 20: \"Burn\" - Usher May 21: \"Burn\" - Usher May 24: \"My Band\" - D12 May 25: \"Burn\" - Usher May 26: \"Burn\" - Usher May 27: \"My Band\" - D12 May 28: \"My Band\" - D12 May 31: Summer Anthems #1 Video: \"Hot In Herre\" - Nelly June 1: \"Burn\" - Usher June 2: \"Burn\" - Usher June 3: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 4: \"My Band\" - D12 June 7: \"My Band\" - D12 June 8: \"Burn\" - Usher June 9: \"All Downhill From Here\" - New Found Glory June 10: Cross Country Countdown #1 Video: \"Forgot About Dre\" - Dr. Dre featuring Eminem June 11: \"Burn\" - Usher June 14: \"Burn\" - Usher June 15: \"How Come\" - D12 June 16: \"How Come\" - D12 June 17: \"How Come\" - D12 June 18: \"How Come\" - D12 June 21: \"How Come\" - D12 June 22: \"How Come\" - D12 June 23: \"Leave (Get Out)\" - JoJo June 24: \"How Come\" - D12 June 25: \"How Come\" - D12 June 28: \"Leave ( Get Out )\" - JoJo June 29: \"How Come\" - D12 June 30: \"Confessions Pt.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ International fast-food restaurant chain Burger King and its Australian franchise Hungry Jack's have had a variety of grilled chicken sandwiches in their product portfolio since 1990.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ The BK Broiler was the first iteration, and was one of the most successful product introductions in the fast food industry to that point in time.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ However sales dropped in the following two years, and the product was reformulated and renamed to the Chicken Whopper to align the product with the company's Whopper Sandwich.", "Burger King grilled chicken sandwiches __knowledge__ A change of ownership of Burger King in 2004 prompted another reformulation of the product into the BK Baguette product line that focused on a more health-oriented product.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters.", "Burger King products __knowledge__ As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" (pronounced \"Yeah three times\" or \"Yeah Yeah Yeah\"; sometimes stylized as \"Yeah 3X\") is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown, released as the lead single from his fourth studio album \"F.A.M.E.\"", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ on October 25, 2010.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ It was written by Brown, DJ Frank E, Kevin McCall, Amber Streeter and Calvin Harris, and was produced by DJ Frank E. Brown recorded the song for his pop audience as he had been doing a lot of mixtapes and urban records.", "Yeah 3x __knowledge__ \"Yeah 3x\" is an uptempo dance-pop, Europop, and electro house song; it uses a video game-type beat and features a thick bassline and big synth chords.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ Olivier salad ( \"Salat Olivye\") is a traditional salad dish in Russian cuisine, which is also popular in old Soviet Union countries (particularly, in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan), some other European countries, Iran, Israel, Mongolia and also throughout Latin America.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In different modern recipes, it is usually made with diced boiled potatoes, carrots, brined dill pickles, green peas, eggs, celeriac, onions, diced boiled chicken (or sometimes ham or bologna sausage), tart apples, with salt, pepper, and mustard added to enhance flavor, dressed with mayonnaise.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In many countries, the dish is commonly referred to as Russian salad, although this term can connote vinegret .", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Danish cuisine (), originating from the peasant population's own local produce, was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods after the Industrial Revolution.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ The open sandwiches, known as \"smørrebrød\", which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Hot meals are traditionally prepared from ground meats, such as \"frikadeller\" (meat balls) and \"medisterpølse\", or from more substantial meat and fish dishes such as \"flæskesteg\" (roast pork with crackling) or \"kogt torsk\" (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ Easter eggs, also called Paschal eggs, are decorated eggs that are usually used as gifts on the occasion of Easter or springtime celebration.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ As such, Easter eggs are common during the season of Eastertide (Easter season).", "Easter egg __knowledge__ The oldest tradition is to use dyed and painted chicken eggs, but a modern custom is to substitute chocolate eggs wrapped in colourful foil, or plastic eggs filled with confectionery such as chocolate.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ Although eggs, in general, were a traditional symbol of fertility and rebirth, in Christianity, for the celebration of Eastertide, Easter eggs symbolize the empty tomb of Jesus, from which Jesus resurrected." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters that have appeared in the \"Madagascar\" films, the television series \"The Penguins of Madagascar\", and the Netflix series \"All Hail King Julien\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ Tom McGrath explained in an interview that the intention of \"Madagascar\" was not to take a political stance on whether \"zoos are bad and the wild is better, or that the wild is bad,\" but to show \"the most extreme 'fish out of water' story that [they] could do\".", "List of Madagascar (franchise) characters __knowledge__ McGrath stated \"the basic irony to the story is that, you think animals do belong in the wild, but if they're so accustomed to civility, they wouldn't know where food even came from,\" and the animals were meant to \"love the zoo and to love where they are because they've got\" \"right off Fifth Avenue\".", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "She Loves You __knowledge__ \"She Loves You\" is a song written by John Lennon and Paul McCartney and recorded by English rock group the Beatles for release as a single in 1963.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ The single set and surpassed several records in the United Kingdom charts, and set a record in the United States as one of the five Beatles songs that held the top five positions in the charts simultaneously, on 4 April 1964.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ It is their best-selling single and the best selling single of the 1960s in the United Kingdom.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In November 2004, \"Rolling Stone\" ranked \"She Loves You\" number 64 on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.", "She Loves You __knowledge__ In August 2009, at the end of its \"Beatles Weekend\", BBC Radio 2 announced that \"She Loves You\" was the Beatles' all-time best-selling single in the UK based on information compiled by The Official Charts Company.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Through his adventures, Fawcett Comics/DC Comics superhero Captain Marvel and his Marvel Family gained a host of enemies, including the following: An agent who tells Mr Tawny he can make a great singer out of him.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ Though his voice is terrible, people will want to see a singing tiger.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Billy tells him not to be forced into something he does not want, and when Hooey tries to stop him he transforms and tries to throw him out.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ But Hal flatters Tawny, making him sign the contract.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ When Cap criticises him, Hal claims he is jealous.", "List of Marvel Family enemies (H–M) __knowledge__ A Gala party is arranged to celebrate this next day, but Hal drops the invitation to Captain Marvel into the bin as he wants their friendship to break up.", "Cuisine of Gower __knowledge__ The cuisine of Gower, a peninsula in south Wales, is based on ingredients grown, raised or collected on or around the peninsula.", "Cuisine of Gower __knowledge__ The cuisine is based on fresh ingredients with recipes based around a fish or meat dish.", "Cuisine of Gower __knowledge__ Until the twentieth century, the peninsula was virtually cut off from other markets due to poor roads, and no rail connection.", "Cuisine of Gower __knowledge__ The result was that Gower became self-sufficient in food.", "Cuisine of Gower __knowledge__ Gower people also developed their own dialect of English, known as the Gower dialect, and their own traditions, which have since died out.", "Cuisine of Gower __knowledge__ The population of the peninsula was employed in agriculture, fishing, labour on the farms and larger country estates, weaving and, in the north, coal mining and cockling.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in the Land of Israel at the beginning of the Iron Age until the Roman period.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ The dietary staples were bread, wine and olive oil, but also included legumes, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, fish and meat.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ Religious beliefs, which prohibited the consumption of certain foods, shaped the Israelite diet.", "Ancient Israelite cuisine __knowledge__ There was considerable continuity in the main components of the diet over time, despite the introduction of new foodstuffs at various stages.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ Olivier salad ( \"Salat Olivye\") is a traditional salad dish in Russian cuisine, which is also popular in old Soviet Union countries (particularly, in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan), some other European countries, Iran, Israel, Mongolia and also throughout Latin America.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In different modern recipes, it is usually made with diced boiled potatoes, carrots, brined dill pickles, green peas, eggs, celeriac, onions, diced boiled chicken (or sometimes ham or bologna sausage), tart apples, with salt, pepper, and mustard added to enhance flavor, dressed with mayonnaise.", "Olivier salad __knowledge__ In many countries, the dish is commonly referred to as Russian salad, although this term can connote vinegret .", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ The Israeli cuisine ( \"ha-mitbach ha-yisra’eli\") comprises local dishes by people native to Israel and dishes brought to Israel by Jews from the Diaspora.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Since before the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, and particularly since the late 1970s, an Israeli Jewish fusion cuisine has developed.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ Israeli cuisine has adopted, and continues to adapt, elements of various styles of Jewish cuisine, particularly the Mizrahi, Sephardic and Ashkenazi styles of cooking.", "Israeli cuisine __knowledge__ It incorporates many foods traditionally eaten in Middle Eastern and Mediterranean cuisines, and foods such as falafel, hummus, msabbha, shakshouka, couscous, and za'atar are now widely popular in Israel.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ A great variety of cassava-based dishes are consumed in the regions where cassava (manioc, \"Manihot esculenta\") is cultivated, and they include many national or ethnic specialities.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ As a food ingredient, cassava root is somewhat similar to the potato, in that, like the potato, it is starchy, inedible when raw, and bland in flavor when cooked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Indeed, cassava can replace the potato in many dishes and can be prepared in similar ways – it can be boiled, mashed, fried or baked.", "Cassava-based dishes __knowledge__ Unlike the potato, however, cassava is mostly a tropical crop, and its peculiar characteristics have led to some unique recipes, such as sweet puddings, which have no common potato version.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ Easter eggs, also called Paschal eggs, are decorated eggs that are usually used as gifts on the occasion of Easter or springtime celebration.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ As such, Easter eggs are common during the season of Eastertide (Easter season).", "Easter egg __knowledge__ The oldest tradition is to use dyed and painted chicken eggs, but a modern custom is to substitute chocolate eggs wrapped in colourful foil, or plastic eggs filled with confectionery such as chocolate.", "Easter egg __knowledge__ Although eggs, in general, were a traditional symbol of fertility and rebirth, in Christianity, for the celebration of Eastertide, Easter eggs symbolize the empty tomb of Jesus, from which Jesus resurrected.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Danish cuisine (), originating from the peasant population's own local produce, was enhanced by cooking techniques developed in the late 19th century and the wider availability of goods after the Industrial Revolution.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ The open sandwiches, known as \"smørrebrød\", which in their basic form are the usual fare for lunch, can be considered a national speciality when prepared and decorated with a variety of fine ingredients.", "Danish cuisine __knowledge__ Hot meals are traditionally prepared from ground meats, such as \"frikadeller\" (meat balls) and \"medisterpølse\", or from more substantial meat and fish dishes such as \"flæskesteg\" (roast pork with crackling) or \"kogt torsk\" (poached cod) with mustard sauce and trimmings." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are eggs (typically chicken eggs) cooked with their shells unbroken, usually by immersion in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Hard-boiled eggs are cooked so that the egg white and egg yolk both solidify, while for a soft-boiled egg the yolk, and sometimes the white, remain at least partially liquid.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ A few different methods are used to make boiled eggs other than simply immersing them in boiling water.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs can also be cooked below the boiling temperature, via coddling, or they can be steamed.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ The egg timer was named due to its common usage in timing the boiling of eggs.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Boiled eggs are a popular breakfast food in many countries around the world.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ There are variations both in degree of cooking and in the method of how eggs are boiled, and a variety of kitchen gadgets for eggs exist.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ These variations include: Chef Heston Blumenthal, after \"relentless trials\", published a formula for \"the perfect boiled egg\" that explains how much water to use, how much time to cook and how much time to rest the egg.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ Soft-boiled eggs are not recommended for people who may be susceptible to salmonella, such as very young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems.", "Boiled egg __knowledge__ To avoid the issue of salmonella, eggs can be pasteurised in shell at 57 ºC for an hour and 15 minutes.", "Scrambled eggs __knowledge__ Scrambled eggs is a dish made from eggs (usually chicken eggs) stirred or beaten together in a pan while being gently heated, typically with salt and butter and various other ingredients.", "Scrambled eggs __knowledge__ Only eggs are necessary to make scrambled eggs, but salt and pepper are often used, and other ingredients such as water, milk, butter, chives, cream or in some cases crème fraîche or grated cheese may be added.", "Scrambled eggs __knowledge__ The eggs are cracked into a bowl; with some salt and pepper, and the mixture is stirred or whisked: alternatively, the eggs are cracked directly into a hot pan or skillet, and the whites and yolks stirred together as they cook.", "Scrambled egg (uniform) __knowledge__ Scrambled eggs (American English) or scrambled egg (British English) is a slang term for the typically leaf-shaped embellishments found on the visors of peaked caps worn by military officers and (by metonymy) for the senior officers who wear them.", "Scrambled egg (uniform) __knowledge__ The phrase is derived from the resemblance that the emblems have to scrambled eggs, particularly when the embellishments are gold in color.", "Scrambled egg (uniform) __knowledge__ Today the \"scrambled eggs\" emblem, in one form or another, has been adopted by the majority of the world's navies.", "Scrambled egg (uniform) __knowledge__ Exceptions include the French Navy and Italian Armed Forces, which use, respectively, embroideries or different varieties of chin straps on the officers' cap bands to indicate seniority.", "Scrambled Eggs Super! __knowledge__ Scrambled Eggs Super!", "Scrambled Eggs Super! __knowledge__ is a 1953 book by American children's author Dr. Seuss.", "Scrambled Eggs Super! __knowledge__ It tells of a boy named Peter T. Hooper, who makes scrambled eggs prepared from eggs of various exotic birds.", "Scrambled Eggs Super! __knowledge__ At the beginning of the story, Peter T. Hooper brags to a girl, Liz, in his mother's kitchen about how good of a cook he is.", "Scrambled Eggs Super! __knowledge__ He tells the story of how, when he became fed up with the taste of regular scrambled eggs using hen's eggs, he decided to scramble eggs from other birds.", "Scrambled Eggs Super! __knowledge__ He tells of how he travelled great distances and discovered a variety of exotic birds and their eggs.", "Scrambled Eggs Super! __knowledge__ He explains his criteria for choosing some eggs, because of their sweetness, and avoiding others.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ A fried egg is a cooked dish commonly made using a fresh hen's egg, fried whole with minimal accompaniment.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs are traditionally eaten for breakfast in English-speaking countries but may also be served at other times of the day.", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs (') are a crucial part of such traditional German dishes as ' (the egg is fried on one side with an unbroken yolk, and served \"sunny side up\" atop an open ham sandwich) or ' / ' / \"Fernfahrerschnitzel\" (\"trucker's schnitzel\") – a similarly prepared fried egg served on a \"\".", "Fried egg __knowledge__ Fried eggs over (or side-by-side with) pan-fried potatoes is another common dish, sometimes served with spinach as a third component of the meal.", "Yesterday (Beatles song) __knowledge__ \"Yesterday\" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon–McCartney), and first released on the album \"Help!\"", "Yesterday (Beatles song) __knowledge__ in the United Kingdom in August 1965.", "Yesterday (Beatles song) __knowledge__ \"Yesterday\", with the B-side \"Act Naturally\", was released as a single in the United States in September 1965.", "Yesterday (Beatles song) __knowledge__ While it topped the American chart in October the song also hit the British top 10 in a cover version by Matt Monro.", "Yesterday (Beatles song) __knowledge__ The song also appeared on the UK EP \"Yesterday\" in March 1966 and the Beatles' US album \"Yesterday and Today\", released in June 1966.", "Yesterday (Beatles song) __knowledge__ McCartney's vocal and acoustic guitar, together with a string quartet, essentially made for the first solo performance of the band.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ Breakfast is the first meal of a day, most often eaten in the early morning before undertaking the day's work.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the prior night.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ There is a strong tendency for one or more \"typical\", or \"traditional\", breakfast menus to exist in most places, but the composition of this varies widely from place to place, and has varied over time, so that globally a very wide range of preparations and ingredients are now associated with breakfast.", "Breakfast __knowledge__ The Old English word for dinner, \"disner\", means to break a fast, and was the first meal eaten in the day until its meaning shifted in the mid-13th century.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's Corporation () is the world's largest chain of fast food restaurants, serving around 68 million customers daily in 119 countries.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ McDonald's traces its origins to a 1940 restaurant in San Bernardino, California.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ After expanding within the United States, McDonald's became an international corporation in 1967, when it opened a location in Richmond, Canada.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ By the end of the 1970s, McDonald's restaurants existed in five of the Earth's seven continents; an African location came in 1992 in Cape Town,South Africa.", "International availability of McDonald's products __knowledge__ In order to cater to local tastes and culinary traditions, and often in respect of particular laws or religious beliefs, McDonald's offers regionalized versions of its menu among and within different countries.", "Zip Industries __knowledge__ Zip Industries is a privately owned Australian business founded by Michael Crouch AC.", "Zip Industries __knowledge__ It makes and markets Australian-designed and Australian-made instant boiling water systems.", "Zip Industries __knowledge__ These are sold in more than seventy countries, where they are specified for use in kitchens, in hospitals, universities, schools and public buildings of every kind, as well as in homes.", "Zip Industries __knowledge__ Since 1970, Zip has pioneered under-bench instant boiling water systems and since 1996, has marketed under-sink systems that not only dispense boiling filtered water but also instant chilled filtered water, instant chilled sparkling water, and additionally (in some models) both hot and cold water – all from a single electronically controlled tap (faucet).", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ The boiling water reactor (BWR) is a type of light water nuclear reactor used for the generation of electrical power.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ It is the second most common type of electricity-generating nuclear reactor after the pressurized water reactor (PWR), also a type of light water nuclear reactor.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ The main difference between a BWR and PWR is that in a BWR, the reactor core heats water, which turns to steam and then drives a steam turbine.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ In a PWR, the reactor core heats water, which does not boil.", "Boiling water reactor __knowledge__ This hot water then exchanges heat with a lower pressure water system, which turns to steam and drives the turbine.", "Boiling __knowledge__ Boiling is the rapid vaporization of a liquid, which occurs when a liquid is heated to its boiling point, the temperature at which the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the pressure exerted on the liquid by the surrounding atmosphere.", "Boiling __knowledge__ The higher the pressure the higher the boiling point.", "Boiling __knowledge__ There are two main types of boiling; nucleate boiling where small bubbles of vapour form at discrete points, and critical heat flux boiling where the boiling surface is heated above a certain critical temperature and a film of vapor forms on the surface.", "Boiling __knowledge__ Transition boiling is an intermediate, unstable form of boiling with elements of both types.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure cooking is the process of cooking food, using water or other cooking liquid, in a sealed vessel known as a \"pressure cooker\".", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure is created by boiling a liquid, such as water or broth, inside the closed pressure cooker.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ The trapped steam increases the internal pressure and allows the temperature to rise.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ After use, the pressure is slowly released so that the vessel can be opened safely.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Pressure cooking can be used for quick simulation of the effects of long braising.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ Almost any food which can be cooked in steam or water-based liquids can be cooked in a pressure cooker.", "Pressure cooking __knowledge__ In 1679, French physicist Denis Papin, better known for his studies on steam, invented the \"steam digester\" in an attempt to reduce the cooking time of food.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the \"Camellia sinensis\", an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.", "Tea __knowledge__ After water, it is the most widely consumed drink in the world.", "Tea __knowledge__ There are many different types of tea; some, like Darjeeling and Chinese greens, have a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour, while others have vastly different profiles that include sweet, nutty, floral or grassy notes.", "Tea __knowledge__ Tea originated in Southwest China, where it was used as a medicinal drink.", "Tea __knowledge__ It was popularized as a recreational drink during the Chinese Tang dynasty, and tea drinking spread to other East Asian countries.", "Pressurized water reactor __knowledge__ Pressurized water reactors (PWRs) constitute the large majority of the world's nuclear power plants (notable exceptions being the United Kingdom, Japan, the United States and Canada) and are one of three types of light water reactor (LWR), the other types being boiling water reactors (BWRs) and supercritical water reactors (SCWRs).", "Pressurized water reactor __knowledge__ In a PWR, the primary coolant (water) is pumped under high pressure to the reactor core where it is heated by the energy released by the fission of atoms.", "Pressurized water reactor __knowledge__ The heated water then flows to a steam generator where it transfers its thermal energy to a secondary system where steam is generated and flows to turbines which, in turn, spin an electric generator.", "Light-water reactor __knowledge__ The light-water reactor (LWR) is a type of thermal-neutron reactor that uses normal water, as opposed to heavy water, as both its coolant and neutron moderator – furthermore a solid form of fissile elements is used as fuel.", "Light-water reactor __knowledge__ Thermal-neutron reactors are the most common type of nuclear reactor, and light-water reactors are the most common type of thermal-neutron reactor.", "Light-water reactor __knowledge__ There are three varieties of light-water reactors: the pressurized water reactor (PWR), the boiling water reactor (BWR), and (most designs of) the supercritical water reactor (SCWR).", "Light-water reactor __knowledge__ After the discoveries of fission, moderation and of the theoretical possibility of a nuclear chain reaction, early experimental results rapidly showed that natural uranium could only undergo a sustained chain reaction using graphite or heavy water as a moderator." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 3, 12 ]

[ "Do you like boiled eggs?", "Yes, no wonder the entire world loves boiled eggs.", "Yes, I usually just immerse them in boiling water.", "Yes especially when I add salt and pepper." ]

[ "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg", "Boiled egg" ]

[ "Guitar\nI love playing the guitar how about you?", "Guitar", "yes, my favorite is the electric guitar. ", "Oh i did no know that. Are there several types of different electric guitars or do they function the same?", "Ah the vibrations seem to be the key the the guitar." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "The Receiving End of Sirens __knowledge__ The Receiving End of Sirens was a rock band from Belchertown, Massachusetts, formed in 2003.", "The Receiving End of Sirens __knowledge__ The band broke up in 2008 then briefly reunited in 2010.", "The Receiving End of Sirens __knowledge__ The band played on the 2005 Warped Tour and has toured with such acts as Gatsbys American Dream, A Wilhelm Scream, Thirty Seconds to Mars, Funeral for a Friend, Saves the Day, Senses Fail, Thrice, and New Found Glory.", "The Receiving End of Sirens __knowledge__ The band's first headlining tour, \"The New Hope Tour,\" began on March 31, 2006.", "The Receiving End of Sirens __knowledge__ About a week before the start of the tour, guitarist/vocalist Alex fell down a flight of stairs, breaking his scapula, two ribs and puncturing his lung.", "The Receiving End of Sirens __knowledge__ A question of whether or not he would be able to perform arose, yet he pulled through.", "Hole (band) __knowledge__ Hole was an American alternative rock band that formed in Los Angeles, California in 1989 by singer and guitarist Courtney Love and lead guitarist Eric Erlandson.", "Hole (band) __knowledge__ The band had a revolving line-up of bassists and drummers, their most prolific being drummer Patty Schemel, and bassists Kristen Pfaff (d. 1994) and Melissa Auf der Maur.", "Hole (band) __knowledge__ Influenced by Los Angeles' punk rock scene, the band garnered critical acclaim for their frenetic debut album, \"Pretty on the Inside\" (1991), produced by Kim Gordon of Sonic Youth.", "Hole (band) __knowledge__ After signing with DGC Records, the band sought to refine their sound on their second album, \"Live Through This\" (1994), which featured less aggressive melodies and more restrained lyrical content.", "Glenn Tipton __knowledge__ Glenn Raymond Tipton (born 25 October 1947) is an English Grammy Award-winning guitar player and songwriter.", "Glenn Tipton __knowledge__ Often noted for his complex playing style and classically influenced solos, he is best known as one of the lead guitarists for heavy metal band Judas Priest.", "Glenn Tipton __knowledge__ Tipton was born on 25 October 1947, in Blackheath, Staffordshire, to Olive and Doug Tipton.", "Glenn Tipton __knowledge__ He attended Olive Hill Primary School when he was about five years old.", "Glenn Tipton __knowledge__ His brother, Gary, was a guitar player for a local band called the Atlantics.", "Glenn Tipton __knowledge__ Early on, Tipton was taught to play the piano by his mother.", "Glenn Tipton __knowledge__ Tipton learned to play guitar at age 19 with his first guitar being a Hofner acoustic guitar.", "Craig Cardiff __knowledge__ Craig Cardiff (born 9 July 1976) is a Canadian folk singer from Waterloo, Ontario, who has released sixteen albums, both live and studio-based since 1997.", "Craig Cardiff __knowledge__ He regularly tours North America and Europe, and lives in Arnprior, Ontario.", "Craig Cardiff __knowledge__ In 2012, Cardiff was nominated for a Juno Award for Roots and Traditional Album of the Year: Solo and for a Canadian Folk Music Award as Contemporary Singer of the Year.", "Craig Cardiff __knowledge__ Craig Cardiff was born July, 1976 to Judy and Charles Cardiff.", "Craig Cardiff __knowledge__ He grew up with his younger sisters Catherine, Susan and Elizabeth in Waterloo, Ontario, where both his parents were school teachers.", "Craig Cardiff __knowledge__ Music was important during his upbringing and he was motivated by his parents to play an instrument.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ Shaquille Rashaun O'Neal ( ; born March 6, 1972), nicknamed \"Shaq\" ( ), is an American retired professional basketball player currently serving as a sports analyst on the television program \"Inside the NBA\".", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ He is widely considered one of the greatest players in NBA history.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ At tall and , he was one of the heaviest players ever to play in the NBA, where he played for six teams throughout his 19-year career.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ Following his time at Louisiana State University, O'Neal was drafted by the Orlando Magic with the first overall pick in the 1992 NBA draft.", "Shaquille O'Neal __knowledge__ He quickly became one of the best centers in the league, winning Rookie of the Year in 1992–93 and leading his team to the 1995 NBA Finals.", "Patty Schemel __knowledge__ Patricia Theresa \"Patty\" Schemel (born April 24, 1967) is an American drummer and musician who rose to prominence as the drummer of alternative rock band Hole from 1992 until 1998.", "Patty Schemel __knowledge__ In 1998, Schemel left Hole, and in the early 2000s reunited with Hole frontwoman Courtney Love during her solo career, and later drummed for Juliette and the Licks.", "Patty Schemel __knowledge__ As of 2010, Schemel continues to play music and gives drum lessons, in addition to owning a dog daycare/boarding business.", "Patty Schemel __knowledge__ In 2013, Schemel joined the indie rock group Upset, formed by Ali Koehler, previously of Vivian Girls and Best Coast.", "Patty Schemel __knowledge__ She also formed a rock and roll band with her brother, Larry Schemel, called Death Valley Girls.", "Violet (Hole song) __knowledge__ \"Violet\" is a song by American alternative rock band Hole, written by vocalist and guitarist Courtney Love and guitarist Eric Erlandson.", "Violet (Hole song) __knowledge__ The song was written in mid-1991, and was performed live between 1991 and 1992 during Hole's earlier tours, eventually appearing as the opening track on the band's second studio album \"Live Through This\" (1994).", "Violet (Hole song) __knowledge__ The song was released as the group's seventh single and the third from that album in January 1995 after Kristen Pfaff's death in June 1994.", "Violet (Hole song) __knowledge__ Courtney Love has stated several times that the song was written about her relationship with Smashing Pumpkins frontman Billy Corgan in 1990, and the lyrics speak from the point of view of an angry narrator who has abandoned a romance." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ The Guitar Hero series (sometimes referred to as the Hero series) is a series of music rhythm games first published in 2005 by RedOctane and Harmonix, and distributed by Activision, in which players use a guitar-shaped game controller to simulate playing lead, bass guitar, and rhythm guitar across numerous rock music songs.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ Players match notes that scroll on-screen to colored fret buttons on the controller, strumming the controller in time to the music in order to score points, and keep the virtual audience excited.", "Guitar Hero __knowledge__ The games attempt to mimic many features of playing a real guitar, including the use of fast-fingering hammer-ons and pull-offs and the use of the whammy bar to alter the pitch of notes.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Guitar technician __knowledge__ A guitar technician (or 'guitar tech') is a member of a music ensemble's road crew who maintains and sets up the musical equipment for one or more guitarists.", "Guitar technician __knowledge__ Depending on the type and size of band, the guitar tech may be responsible for stringing, tuning, and adjusting electric guitars and acoustic guitars, and maintaining and setting up guitar amplifiers and other related electronic equipment such as effect pedals.", "Guitar technician __knowledge__ Once the guitar equipment has been set up onstage, the guitar tech does a soundcheck to ensure that the equipment is working well.", "Guitar technician __knowledge__ If there are any problems, the guitar tech replaces or repairs the faulty components or equipment.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The classical guitar (also known as concert guitar, classical acoustic, nylon-string guitar, or Spanish guitar) is the member of the guitar family used in classical music.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ It is an acoustical wooden guitar with strings made of nylon, rather than the metal strings used in acoustic and electric guitars.", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The traditional classical guitar has twelve frets clear of the body and is held on the left leg, so that the hand that plucks or strums the strings does so near the back of the soundhole (this is called the classical position).", "Classical guitar __knowledge__ The modern steel string guitar, on the other hand, usually has fourteen frets clear of the body (see Dreadnought) and is commonly played off the hip.", "Cultural impact of the Guitar Hero series __knowledge__ \"Guitar Hero\" is a series of rhythm video games published by Activision in which players use guitar-shaped controllers to mimic the playing of numerous popular rock music songs in a score attack gameplay; later games in the series have included support for both drums and vocals and playing as a full band.", "Cultural impact of the Guitar Hero series __knowledge__ With over $2 billion in total sales worldwide, the game series has made a significant cultural impact, becoming a \"cultural phenomenon\" and recognizable in the popular culture.", "Cultural impact of the Guitar Hero series __knowledge__ The series has been found to influence younger players into learning real instruments, and has found application within the health care industry to help recovering patients.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ Guitar Hero World Tour (initially referred to as Guitar Hero IV or Guitar Hero IV: World Tour) is a music rhythm game developed by Neversoft, published by Activision and distributed by RedOctane.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ It is the fourth main entry in the \"Guitar Hero\" series.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ The game was launched in North America in October 2008 for the PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, Wii, and Xbox 360 consoles, and a month later for Europe and Australia.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ A version of \"World Tour\" for Microsoft Windows and Apple Macintosh was later released.", "Guitar Hero World Tour __knowledge__ While the game continues to feature the use of a guitar-shaped controller to simulate the playing of rock music, \"Guitar Hero World Tour\" is the first game in the \"Guitar Hero\" series to feature drum and microphone controllers for percussion and vocal parts, similar in manner to the competing \"Rock Band\" series of games.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.", "Double bass __knowledge__ It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than tuned to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff.", "Double bass __knowledge__ The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths (like a viol), rather than fifths, with strings usually tuned to E, A, D and G. The instrument's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate, with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family.", "Piano __knowledge__ The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers.", "Piano __knowledge__ It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings.", "Piano __knowledge__ The word \"piano\" is a shortened form of \"pianoforte\", the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which in turn derives from \"gravicembalo col piano e forte\" and \"fortepiano\".", "Piano __knowledge__ The Italian musical terms \"piano\" and \"forte\" indicate \"soft\" and \"loud\" respectively, in this context referring to the variations in volume (i.e., loudness) produced in response to a pianist's touch or pressure on the keys: the greater the velocity of a key press, the greater the force of the hammer hitting the strings, and the louder the sound of the note produced and the stronger the attack.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.", "Violin __knowledge__ Most violins have a hollow wooden body.", "Violin __knowledge__ It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.", "Violin __knowledge__ Smaller violin-type instruments are known, including the violino piccolo and the kit violin, but these are virtually unused.", "Violin __knowledge__ The violin typically has four strings tuned in perfect fifths, and is most commonly played by drawing a bow across its strings, though it can also be played by plucking the strings with the fingers (pizzicato) and by striking the strings with the wooden side of the bow (col legno).", "String (music) __knowledge__ A string is the vibrating element that produces sound in string instruments such as the guitar, harp, piano (piano wire), and members of the violin family.", "String (music) __knowledge__ Strings are lengths of a flexible material that a musical instrument holds under tension so that they can vibrate freely, but controllably.", "String (music) __knowledge__ Strings may be \"plain\", consisting only of a single material, like steel, nylon, or gut, or wound, having a \"core\" of one material and an overwinding of another.", "String (music) __knowledge__ This is to make the string vibrate at the desired pitch, while maintaining a low profile and sufficient flexibility for playability.", "String (music) __knowledge__ The invention of wound strings, such as nylon covered in wound metal, was a crucial step in string instrument technology, because a metal-wound string can produce a lower pitch than a catgut string of similar thickness.", "String instrument __knowledge__ String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.", "String instrument __knowledge__ Musicians play some string instruments by plucking the strings with their fingers or a plectrum—and others by hitting the strings with a light wooden hammer or by rubbing the strings with a bow.", "String instrument __knowledge__ In some keyboard instruments, such as the harpsichord , the musician presses a key that plucks the string.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With bowed instruments, the player rubs the strings with a horsehair bow, causing them to vibrate.", "String instrument __knowledge__ With a hurdy-gurdy, the musician operates a mechanical wheel that rubs the strings." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ An effects unit or pedal is an electronic or digital device that alters how a musical instrument or other audio source sounds.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ In the 2010s, most effects use solid-state electronics and/or computer chips.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some vintage effects units from the 1930s to the 1970s and modern reissues of these effects use mechanical components as well (e.g., Leslie rotating speaker, spring reverb, and tape recorder-based echo effects) or vacuum tubes.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some effects subtly \"color\" a sound, such as a reverb unit used on a low setting, while others transform it dramatically, such as a distortion pedal used with electric guitar, with the overdrive set to its maximum level.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ A guitar amplifier (or amp) is an electronic device or system that strengthens the weak electrical signal from a pickup on an electric guitar, bass guitar, or acoustic guitar so that it can produce sound through one or more loudspeakers, which are typically housed in a wooden cabinet.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ A guitar amplifier may be a standalone wood or metal cabinet that contains only the power amplifier (and preamplifier) circuits, requiring the use of a separate speaker cabinet–or it may be a \"combo\" amplifier, which contains both the amplifier and one or more speakers in a wooden cabinet.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ There is a wide range of sizes and power ratings for guitar amplifiers, from small, lightweight \"practice amplifiers\" with a single 6\" speaker to heavy combo amps with four 10” or four 12\" speakers and a powerful amplifier, which are loud enough to use in a nightclub or bar performance.", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ Electric music technology refers to musical instruments and recording devices that use electrical circuits, which are often combined with mechanical technologies.", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ Examples of electric musical instruments include the electro-mechanical electric piano (invented in 1929), the electric guitar (invented in 1931), the electro-mechanical Hammond organ (developed in 1934) and the electric bass (invented in 1935).", "Music technology (electric) __knowledge__ All of these electric instruments do not produce a sound that is audible by the performer or audience in a performance setting unless they are connected to instrument amplifiers and loudspeaker cabinets, which made them sound loud enough for performers and the audience to hear.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ A mandolin ( ; literally \"small mandola\") is a stringed musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\".", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass.", "Mandolin __knowledge__ There are many styles of mandolin, but three are common, the \"Neapolitan\" or \"round-backed\" mandolin, the \"carved-top\" mandolin and the \"flat-backed\" mandolin.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ Rock Band 3 is a 2010 music video game developed by Harmonix.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ The game was initially published and distributed by MTV Games and Electronic Arts, respectively, in late October 2010.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ Mad Catz took over both roles and re-released the title on November 23, 2011.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ It is the third main game in the \"Rock Band\" series.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ As with the previous titles, \"Rock Band 3\" allows players to simulate the playing of rock music and many other subgenres using special instrument controllers mimicking lead and bass guitar, drums, and vocals.", "Rock Band 3 __knowledge__ \"Rock Band 3\" expands upon previous games by including three-part vocal harmonies — previously used in \"\" and \"\" (up to 3 singers on a song) — plus support for MIDI-compatible keyboards, electronic drumkits, and even use of a real guitar in \"Pro\" mode.", "List of guitar tunings __knowledge__ This list of guitar tunings supplements the article guitar tunings.", "List of guitar tunings __knowledge__ In particular, this list contains more examples of open and regular tunings, which are discussed in the article on guitar tunings.", "List of guitar tunings __knowledge__ In addition, this list also notes dropped tunings.", "List of guitar tunings __knowledge__ Major open-tunings give a major chord with the open strings.", "List of guitar tunings __knowledge__ Used by Nickelback on \"Should've Listened\", Devin Townsend in recent years, and Big Wreck on \"Albatross\".", "List of guitar tunings __knowledge__ This open C tuning is used by William Ackerman for his \"Townsend Shuffle\" and by John Fahey for his tribute to Mississippi John Hurt.", "List of guitar tunings __knowledge__ This tuning is also commonly used by John Butler on his 12 string guitar.", "Appalachian dulcimer __knowledge__ The Appalachian dulcimer (many variant names; see below) is a fretted string instrument of the zither family, typically with three or four strings, originally played in the Appalachian region of the United States.", "Appalachian dulcimer __knowledge__ The body extends the length of the fingerboard, and its fretting is generally diatonic.", "Appalachian dulcimer __knowledge__ The Appalachian dulcimer has many variant names.", "Appalachian dulcimer __knowledge__ Most often it is simply called a dulcimer (also rendered as \"dulcimore\", \"dulcymore\", \"delcimer\", \"delcimore\", \"et al.\").", "Appalachian dulcimer __knowledge__ When it needs to be distinguished from the unrelated Hammered dulcimer, various adjectives are added (drawn from location, playing style, position, shape, etc.", "Tiple __knowledge__ A tiple (English pronunciation: /ˈtipəl/ ; Spanish pronunciation: \\ˈtē(ˌ)plā\\ , literally treble or soprano) is a plucked-string chordophone of the guitar family.", "Tiple __knowledge__ A tiple player is called a \"tiplista\".", "Tiple __knowledge__ The first mention of the tiple comes from musicologist Pablo Minguet e Irol in 1752.", "Tiple __knowledge__ Although many variations of the instrument, the tiple is mostly associated with Colombia, and is considered the national instrument.", "Tiple __knowledge__ The \"tiple Colombiano\" (Colombian tiple) is an instrument of the guitar family, similar in appearance although slightly smaller (about 18%) than a standard classical guitar.", "Tiple __knowledge__ The typical fretboard scale is about 530 mm (just under 21 inches), and the neck joins the body at the 12th fret.", "Sitar __knowledge__ The sitar ( or ; सितार, Punjabi: ਸਿਤਾਰ, Urdu: ) is a plucked stringed instrument used in Hindustani classical music.", "Sitar __knowledge__ The instrument is believed to have been derived from the veena, an ancient Indian instrument, which was modified by a Mughal court musician to conform with the tastes of his Mughal patrons and named after a Persian instrument called the setar (meaning \"three strings\").", "Sitar __knowledge__ The sitar flourished in the 16th and 17th centuries and arrived at its present form in 18th-century India.", "Sitar __knowledge__ It derives its distinctive timbre and resonance from sympathetic strings, bridge design, a long hollow neck and a gourd-shaped resonance chamber." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ A guitar amplifier (or amp) is an electronic device or system that strengthens the weak electrical signal from a pickup on an electric guitar, bass guitar, or acoustic guitar so that it can produce sound through one or more loudspeakers, which are typically housed in a wooden cabinet.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ A guitar amplifier may be a standalone wood or metal cabinet that contains only the power amplifier (and preamplifier) circuits, requiring the use of a separate speaker cabinet–or it may be a \"combo\" amplifier, which contains both the amplifier and one or more speakers in a wooden cabinet.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ There is a wide range of sizes and power ratings for guitar amplifiers, from small, lightweight \"practice amplifiers\" with a single 6\" speaker to heavy combo amps with four 10” or four 12\" speakers and a powerful amplifier, which are loud enough to use in a nightclub or bar performance.", "Rickenbacker __knowledge__ Rickenbacker International Corporation, also known as Rickenbacker, is an electric string instrument manufacturer based in Santa Ana, California.", "Rickenbacker __knowledge__ In 1932, the company became the world's first to produce electric guitars and eventually produced a range of electric guitars and bass guitars.", "Rickenbacker __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1931 as the Ro-Pat-In Corporation (ElectRo-Patent-Instruments) by Adolph Rickenbacher and George Beauchamp in order to sell electric Hawaiian guitars.", "Rickenbacker __knowledge__ These instruments had been designed by Beauchamp, assisted at the National String Instrument Corporation by Paul Barth and Harry Watson.", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ Fender Musical Instruments Corporation (FMIC), commonly referred to simply as Fender, is an American manufacturer of stringed instruments and amplifiers.", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ Fender Guitars are among the most recognized in the world.", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ Fender is famous for its solid-body electric guitars and bass guitars, such as the Stratocaster (also known as the \"Strat\"), Telecaster (also known as the \"Tele\"), Precision Bass (also known as the \"P-Bass\"), and the Jazz Bass (also known as the \"J-Bass\").", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ Its headquarters are in Scottsdale, Arizona.", "Fender Musical Instruments Corporation __knowledge__ The company, previously named the Fender Electric Instrument Manufacturing Company, was founded in Fullerton, California, by Clarence Leonidas \"Leo\" Fender in 1946.", "Pickup (music technology) __knowledge__ A pickup device is a transducer (specifically a variable reluctance sensor) that captures or senses mechanical vibrations produced by musical instruments, particularly stringed instruments such as the electric guitar, electric bass guitar, Chapman Stick, or electric violin, and converts them to an electrical signal that is amplified using an instrument amplifier (such as a guitar amplifier) to produce musical sounds through a loudspeaker in a speaker enclosure.", "Pickup (music technology) __knowledge__ The signal from a pickup can also be recorded directly, using a DI box (a common practice with the electric bass) or broadcast on the radio or television.", "Instrument amplifier __knowledge__ An instrument amplifier is an electronic device that converts the often barely audible or purely electronic signal of a musical instrument into an audible sound.", "Instrument amplifier __knowledge__ An instrument amplifier is used with musical instruments such as an electric guitar, an electric bass, electric organ, synthesizers and drum machine to convert the signal from the pickup (with guitars and other string instruments and some keyboards) or other sound source (e.g, a synthesizer's signal) into an electronic signal that has enough power, due to being routed through a power amplifier, capable of driving one or more loudspeaker that can be heard by the performers and audience." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a fretted musical instrument that usually has six strings.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The sound is projected either acoustically, using a hollow wooden or plastic and wood box (for an acoustic guitar), or through electrical amplifier and a speaker (for an electric guitar).", "Guitar __knowledge__ It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, thumb or fingernails of the right hand or with a pick while fretting (or pressing against the frets) the strings with the fingers of the left hand.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning.", "Guitar __knowledge__ The modern guitar was preceded by the gittern, the vihuela, the four-course Renaissance guitar, and the five-course baroque guitar, all of which contributed to the development of the modern six-string instrument.", "Guitar __knowledge__ There are three main types of modern acoustic guitar: the classical guitar (nylon-string guitar), the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar, which is sometimes called a \"jazz guitar\".", "Guitar __knowledge__ The tone of an acoustic guitar is produced by the strings' vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar, which acts as a resonating chamber.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The Boeing AH-64 Apache is an American four-blade, twin-turboshaft attack helicopter with a tailwheel-type landing gear arrangement and a tandem cockpit for a two-man crew.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It features a nose-mounted sensor suite for target acquisition and night vision systems.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ It is armed with a M230 chain gun carried between the main landing gear, under the aircraft's forward fuselage, and four hardpoints mounted on stub-wing pylons for carrying armament and stores, typically a mixture of AGM-114 Hellfire missiles and Hydra 70 rocket pods.", "Boeing AH-64 Apache __knowledge__ The AH-64 has a large amount of systems redundancy to improve combat survivability.", "Bell AH-1 SuperCobra __knowledge__ The Bell AH-1 SuperCobra is a twin-engine attack helicopter based on the United States Army's single-engine AH-1 Cobra.", "Bell AH-1 SuperCobra __knowledge__ The twin Cobra family, itself part of the larger Huey family, includes the AH-1J SeaCobra, the AH-1T Improved SeaCobra, and the AH-1W SuperCobra.", "Bell AH-1 SuperCobra __knowledge__ The AH-1W, the backbone of the United States Marine Corps's attack helicopter fleet for decades is being replaced by the next generation Bell AH-1Z Viper attack helicopter.", "Bell AH-1 SuperCobra __knowledge__ The AH-1 Cobra was developed in the mid-1960s as an interim gunship for the U.S. Army for use during the Vietnam War.", "Bell AH-1 SuperCobra __knowledge__ The Cobra shared the proven transmission, rotor system, and the T53 turboshaft engine of the UH-1 \"Huey\".", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 (樱野3加1), also known as Sakurano in the Philippines, is a Taiwanese drama that airs Sunday on TTV/SETTV.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ This drama brings back Ming Dao and Joe Chen Qiao En.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian, Jia Jiang, Fang Wei, and Bulu all grew up on Westside Street together and currently study in Ying Ye School, one month away from graduation.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Xia Tian's dad is a police officer in Westside Street and is retiring tomorrow.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ But just on that day, they all had a fight at school with the Dinosaur gang, and were almost expelled by the principal.", "Ying Ye 3 Jia 1 __knowledge__ Officer Xia went to settle the conflict and not only did it not get settled, his gun got misplaced by the principal too.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ Devil Beside You () is a 2005 Taiwanese drama starring Mike He, Rainie Yang and Kingone Wang.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ It is based on Japanese manga \"Akuma de Sourou\", , written by Mitsuba Takanashi.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ It was produced by Comic Ritz International Production (可米瑞智國際藝能有限公司) with Chai Zhi Ping () as producer and directed by Lin He Long ().", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ The series was first broadcast in Taiwan on free-to-air China Television (CTV) (中視) from 26 June to 18 September 2005 and cable TV Eastern Television (ETTV) (東森) for 20 episodes.", "Devil Beside You __knowledge__ The story begins with Qi Yue (Rainie Yang) planning to confess her liking to the basketball team captain, Yuan Yi (Kingone Wang).", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ The Banū Khuza’ah (Arabic بنو خزاعة singular خزاعيّ Khuzā’ī) is the name of an Azdite, Qaḥṭānite tribe (some say Muḑarite ‘Adnānite), which is one of the main ancestral tribes of the Arabian Peninsula.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ They ruled Mecca for a long period, and most of the tribe now live in and around that city, but are also present in lesser numbers in other countries, mainly Israel, the Palestinian Territories, Iraq and Jordan but also small numbers can be found in Lebanon, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait and UAE.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ They participated in the Battle of the Trench.", "Banu Khuza'a __knowledge__ The Banu Nadir began rousing the nomads of Najd.", "Seismic communication __knowledge__ Seismic or vibrational communication is a process of conveying information through mechanical (seismic) vibrations of the substrate.", "Seismic communication __knowledge__ The substrate may be the earth, a plant stem or leaf, the surface of a body of water, a spider’s web, a honeycomb, or any of the myriad types of soil substrates.", "Seismic communication __knowledge__ Seismic cues are generally conveyed by surface Rayleigh or bending waves generated through vibrations on the substrate, or acoustical waves that couple with the substrate.", "Seismic communication __knowledge__ Vibrational communication is an ancient sensory modality and it is widespread in the animal kingdom where it has evolved several times independently.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ A bass amplifier or \"bass amp\" is a musical instrument electronic device that uses electrical power to make lower-pitched instruments such as the bass guitar or double bass loud enough to be heard by the performers and audience.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ Bass amps typically consist of a preamplifier, tone controls, a power amplifier and one or more loudspeakers (\"drivers\") in a cabinet.", "Bass amplifier __knowledge__ While bass amps share many features with the guitar amplifiers used for electric guitar, such as providing an amplifier with tone and volume controls and a carrying handle, they are distinct from other types of amplification systems, due to the particular challenges associated with low-frequency sound reproduction.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The vibration occurs when a guitarist strums, plucks, fingerpicks, or taps the strings.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ The pickup used to sense the vibration generally uses electromagnetic induction to do so, though other technologies exist.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ In any case, the signal generated by an electric guitar is too weak to drive a loudspeaker, so it is sent to a guitar amplifier before being sent to the speaker, which converts it into audible sound.", "Electric guitar __knowledge__ Since the output of an electric guitar is an electric signal, it can be electronically altered by to change the timbre of the sound.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ A guitar amplifier (or amp) is an electronic device or system that strengthens the weak electrical signal from a pickup on an electric guitar, bass guitar, or acoustic guitar so that it can produce sound through one or more loudspeakers, which are typically housed in a wooden cabinet.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ A guitar amplifier may be a standalone wood or metal cabinet that contains only the power amplifier (and preamplifier) circuits, requiring the use of a separate speaker cabinet–or it may be a \"combo\" amplifier, which contains both the amplifier and one or more speakers in a wooden cabinet.", "Guitar amplifier __knowledge__ There is a wide range of sizes and power ratings for guitar amplifiers, from small, lightweight \"practice amplifiers\" with a single 6\" speaker to heavy combo amps with four 10” or four 12\" speakers and a powerful amplifier, which are loud enough to use in a nightclub or bar performance.", "Instrument amplifier __knowledge__ An instrument amplifier is an electronic device that converts the often barely audible or purely electronic signal of a musical instrument into an audible sound.", "Instrument amplifier __knowledge__ An instrument amplifier is used with musical instruments such as an electric guitar, an electric bass, electric organ, synthesizers and drum machine to convert the signal from the pickup (with guitars and other string instruments and some keyboards) or other sound source (e.g, a synthesizer's signal) into an electronic signal that has enough power, due to being routed through a power amplifier, capable of driving one or more loudspeaker that can be heard by the performers and audience.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ An effects unit or pedal is an electronic or digital device that alters how a musical instrument or other audio source sounds.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ In the 2010s, most effects use solid-state electronics and/or computer chips.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some vintage effects units from the 1930s to the 1970s and modern reissues of these effects use mechanical components as well (e.g., Leslie rotating speaker, spring reverb, and tape recorder-based echo effects) or vacuum tubes.", "Effects unit __knowledge__ Some effects subtly \"color\" a sound, such as a reverb unit used on a low setting, while others transform it dramatically, such as a distortion pedal used with electric guitar, with the overdrive set to its maximum level.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar (also known as electric bass, or bass) is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to an electric guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length, and four to six strings or courses.", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The four-string bass, by far the most common, is usually tuned the same as the double bass, which corresponds to pitches one octave lower than the four lowest pitched strings of a guitar (E, A, D, and G).", "Bass guitar __knowledge__ The bass guitar is a transposing instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds." ] ]

[ 7, 1, 8, 2, 3 ]

[ "Yes I love the tone that is makes through the vibration of the strings.", "They usually have 6 strings to them.", "The pickups inside of electric guitars allow them to send vibrations to an amplifier.", "Yes if the vibrations aren't being sent through an amplifier they are going straight out of the guitar itself.", "Yes strumming on the strings creates these vibrations which is the origin of the sound." ]

[ "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar", "Guitar" ]

[ "Factory", "Chemical factory sounds interesting. You like the job?", "WOw. That is a lot of different chemicals. Was it dangerous being around them?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Arthur Penhallow (born December 20, 1943) is a radio presenter in Detroit, Michigan who hosted afternoons on active rock station WRIF from 1970-2009.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ On March 30, 2009, WRIF owner Greater Media announced that the station and Penhallow had been unable to come to terms on a new contract.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Penhallow was born in Honolulu, Hawaii.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Arthur being a Vietnam veteran served in the USAF from 1962 through 1968.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Before beginning his long tenure with WRIF, Art had toured with a band that played with the Mamas & the Papas, among others.", "Arthur Penhallow __knowledge__ Under the name \"Cicero Grimes\", he worked at WNRZ in Ann Arbor in 1970, and then moved to WRIF's predecessor, WXYZ-FM, which at the time was airing a syndicated progressive-rock format distributed by ABC called \"Love\".", "Iron Storm (video game) __knowledge__ Iron Storm is a first-person shooter computer game first developed by 4X Studios and published by Wanadoo in Europe and DreamCatcher Interactive in North America.", "Iron Storm (video game) __knowledge__ A remixed version of the game called World War Zero was later released for the PlayStation 2 and Microsoft Windows.", "Iron Storm (video game) __knowledge__ Set in an alternate history in which World War I never ended, the game takes place in 1964, the 50th year of the war, and focuses on an Allied soldier's mission to stop the Russo-Mongolian Empire from developing nuclear weapons and his later efforts to end the war.", "Iron Storm (video game) __knowledge__ \"Iron Storm\" displays a mix between World War I siege tactics, such as trench warfare and the use of mustard gas, and some World War II-style weapons such as machine guns, mortars, tanks, and rocket launchers of that era, as well as more contemporary technology such as helicopters, wireless communication, spy satellites, anti-personnel mines, and unmanned turrets.", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ Derek Jewell, (1927 - 21 November 1985) was a British writer, broadcaster and music critic.", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ A music critic for the London \"Sunday Times\" for twenty-three years, Jewell wrote extensively about jazz, and also introduced British audiences to avant garde jazz, rock and improvisational music, especially through live performances on his BBC Radio show, \"Sounds Interesting\".", "Derek Jewell __knowledge__ In addition to producing columns of music criticism for the \"Sunday Times\" (he also wrote periodically for the now-defunct \"Illustrated London News\"), Jewell was the author of a number of books about popular music including \"The Popular Voice\" (1980), \"Duke - A Portrait of Duke Ellington\" (1977), and \"Frank Sinatra\" (co-written with George Perry, 1985).", "Chemische Fabrik Kalk __knowledge__ Chemische Fabrik Kalk (CFK) (lit.", "Chemische Fabrik Kalk __knowledge__ Chemical Factory Kalk) was a German chemicals company based in Kalk, a city district of Cologne.", "Chemische Fabrik Kalk __knowledge__ The company was founded in 1858 as \"Chemische Fabrik Vorster & Grüneberg, Cöln\" by Julius Vorster and Hermann Julius Grüneberg and was renamed to Chemische Fabrik Kalk GmbH in 1892.", "Chemische Fabrik Kalk __knowledge__ At times the company was the second-largest German producer of soda ash and was, with almost 2400 employees, one of the largest employers in Cologne.", "Chemische Fabrik Kalk __knowledge__ For decades the chimneys and the water tower of the factory dominated the skyline of Cologne-Kalk.", "Chemische Fabrik Kalk __knowledge__ In 1960 the company was acquired by the Salzdetfurth AG, which was later renamed into Kali und Salz (nowadays K+S) and became a subsidiary of BASF.", "John Hutchinson (industrialist) __knowledge__ John Hutchinson (1825 – 24 March 1865) was a chemist and industrialist who established the first chemical factory in Widnes, Lancashire, England.", "John Hutchinson (industrialist) __knowledge__ He moved from working in a chemical factory in St Helens and built his own chemical factory in 1847 in the Woodend area of Widnes near to Widnes Dock by the junction of the Sankey Canal and the River Mersey.", "John Hutchinson (industrialist) __knowledge__ In this factory he manufactured alkali by the Leblanc process.", "John Hutchinson (industrialist) __knowledge__ He later opened a second alkali factory nearby and developed a number of other business interests.", "John Hutchinson (industrialist) __knowledge__ He died at the early age of 40 by which time a number of other chemical factories had opened in the town.", "Minamata disease __knowledge__ , sometimes referred to as , is a neurological syndrome caused by severe mercury poisoning.", "Minamata disease __knowledge__ Symptoms include ataxia, numbness in the hands and feet, general muscle weakness, loss of peripheral vision, and damage to hearing and speech.", "Minamata disease __knowledge__ In extreme cases, insanity, paralysis, coma, and death follow within weeks of the onset of symptoms.", "Minamata disease __knowledge__ A congenital form of the disease can also affect fetuses in the womb.", "Minamata disease __knowledge__ Minamata disease was first discovered in Minamata city in Kumamoto prefecture, Japan, in 1956.", "Minamata disease __knowledge__ It was caused by the release of methylmercury in the industrial wastewater from the Chisso Corporation's chemical factory, which continued from 1932 to 1968.", "Janssen Pharmaceutica __knowledge__ Janssen Pharmaceutica is a pharmaceutical company headquartered in Beerse, Belgium.", "Janssen Pharmaceutica __knowledge__ It was founded in 1953 by Paul Janssen.", "Janssen Pharmaceutica __knowledge__ In 1961, Janssen Pharmaceutica was purchased by New Jersey-based American corporation Johnson & Johnson, and became part of Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development (J&J PRD), now renamed to Janssen Research and Development (JRD), which conducts research and development activities related to a wide range of human medical disorders, including mental illness, neurological disorders, anaesthesia and analgesia, gastrointestinal disorders, fungal infection, HIV/AIDS, allergies and cancer.", "Widnes __knowledge__ Widnes ( ) is an industrial town in Cheshire, Northwest England.", "Widnes __knowledge__ In 2011, it had a population of 60,221.", "Widnes __knowledge__ Historically in Lancashire, it is on the northern bank of the River Mersey where the estuary narrows to form the Runcorn Gap.", "Widnes __knowledge__ Directly to the south across the Mersey is the town of Runcorn.", "Widnes __knowledge__ Upstream and to the east is the town of Warrington, and downstream to the west is Speke, the city of Liverpool.", "Widnes __knowledge__ Before the Industrial Revolution Widnes was made up of small settlements on marsh and moorland.", "Widnes __knowledge__ In 1847, the first chemical factory was established and the town rapidly became a major centre of the chemical industry.", "U.S. Route 23 in Georgia __knowledge__ U.S. Route 23 (US 23) in the U.S. state of Georgia, is a north–south United States highway that runs from the St. Marys River southeast of Folkston to the North Carolina state line, north of Dillard.", "U.S. Route 23 in Georgia __knowledge__ US 23 is signed concurrently with various state routes.", "U.S. Route 23 in Georgia __knowledge__ It uses SR 4/SR 15 from Florida to Folkston, SR 19 from Alma to Lumber City, and again in Macon, SR 27 from Hazelhurst to north of Chauncey, SR 87 from Eastman to Flovilla, SR 42 from Flovilla to Atlanta, SR 10 from Atlanta to Druid Hills, SR 8 from Atlanta to Decatur, SR 155 from McDonough to Decatur, SR 13 from Brookhaven to Sugar Hill, SR 20 within Buford, SR 365 Buford to Mount Airy, and SR 15 again from Cornelia to the North Carolina state line.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ The Iron County MRA is a Multiple Resource Area addition to the National Register of Historic Places, which includes 72 separate structures and historic districts within Iron County, Michigan, United States of America.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ These properties were identified and placed on the Register in 1983, with the exception of one property that was placed on the Register in 1993.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ Iron County, originally part of Marquette County, was first surveyed in 1851.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ At that time, the area was populated almost exclusively by Native Americans from the Menominee and Ojibwe tribes.", "Iron County MRA __knowledge__ Although the original 1851 survey of the county noted the presence of iron ore, European settlers began arriving in numbers in 1875, prospecting for iron ore.", "High Line __knowledge__ The High Line (also known as High Line Park) is a elevated linear park, greenway and rail trail.", "High Line __knowledge__ It was created on a former New York Central Railroad spur on the west side of Manhattan in New York City.", "High Line __knowledge__ Led by landscape architecture firm James Corner Field Operations, the abandoned railway has been redesigned as a \"living system\" that draws from multiple disciplines including landscape architecture, urban design, and ecology.", "High Line __knowledge__ Since opening in 2009, the High Line has become an icon in contemporary landscape architecture.", "High Line __knowledge__ The park is built on the disused southern viaduct section of a New York Central Railroad line called the West Side Line.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism in Europe has been documented in relation to racialized immigrant and migrant populations alongside Romani (Roma/Gypsy), Yenish, Irish Traveller, and communities (such as the Sami, Komi, and Nenets) from within continental borders.", "Environmental racism in Europe __knowledge__ Environmental racism is the practice of environmental injustice within a racialized context, in which socially marginalized communities and minority groups are subjected to disproportionate exposure of environmental hazards, denial of access to sources of ecological sustenance such as clean air, water, and natural resources, or infringement of environmentally related human rights.", "Economy of Paris __knowledge__ Paris, including both the City of Paris and the Île-de-France region (Paris Region), is the most important center of economic activity in France, accounting for about thirty percent of the French GDP..", "Economy of Paris __knowledge__ The economy of the City of Paris, in the center of the Region, is based largely on services and commerce: of the 390,480 of its enterprises, 80.6 percent are engaged in commerce, transportation, and diverse services, 6.5 percent in construction, and just 3.8 percent in industry.", "Economy of Paris __knowledge__ The story is similar in the Paris Region, or Île-de-France, as a whole.", "Economy of Paris __knowledge__ 76.7 percent of enterprises are engaged in commerce and services, and 3.4 percent in industry.", "Mollie, Indiana __knowledge__ Mollie is an extinct American village in Blackford County, Indiana, that flourished during the Indiana Gas Boom from the 1880s until the 1920s.", "Mollie, Indiana __knowledge__ The region around Mollie experienced an economic \"boom\" period because of the discovery of gas and crude oil.", "Mollie, Indiana __knowledge__ Mollie was a stop along the Fort Wayne, Cincinnati, and Louisville Railroad—and happened to be near the region's oil fields, a convenient location for the area's oil workers.", "Mollie, Indiana __knowledge__ Mollie's location on the railroad line was approximately halfway between the two largest cities in Blackford County: Hartford City and Montpelier.", "Mollie, Indiana __knowledge__ In addition to the oil fields, the area was also fertile farmland." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Factory __knowledge__ A factory (previously manufactory) or manufacturing plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers manufacture goods or operate machines processing one product into another.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the Industrial Revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry or workshops.", "Factory __knowledge__ Early factories that contained small amounts of machinery, such as one or two spinning mules, and fewer than a dozen workers have been called \"glorified workshops\".", "Factory __knowledge__ Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production.", "Factory __knowledge__ Large factories tend to be located with access to multiple modes of transportation, with some having rail, highway and water loading and unloading facilities.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories may either make discrete products or some type of material continuously produced such as chemicals, pulp and paper, or refined oil products.", "Factory __knowledge__ Factories manufacturing chemicals are often called \"plants\" and may have most of their equipment – tanks, pressure vessels, chemical reactors, pumps and piping – outdoors and operated from control rooms.", "Zschiegner Refining Company __knowledge__ The Zschiegner Refining Company (ZRC) was located in Howell, New Jersey, and operated as a metal refining facility.", "Zschiegner Refining Company __knowledge__ Some of their operations included stripping the chemicals off of precious metals from watch bands, photographic film, and electrical components.", "Zschiegner Refining Company __knowledge__ In 1992, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) discovered that 3,000 chemicals had contaminated the soil, surface water, and groundwater.", "Zschiegner Refining Company __knowledge__ These areas were contaminated due to discharge of waste to the ground surface, the movement of waste and contamination downhill from the site building, along with surface water runoff.", "Chemical warfare __knowledge__ Chemical warfare (CW) involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons.", "Chemical warfare __knowledge__ This type of warfare is distinct from nuclear warfare and biological warfare, which together make up NBC, the military acronym for nuclear, biological, and chemical (warfare or weapons), all of which are considered \"weapons of mass destruction\" (WMDs).", "Chemical warfare __knowledge__ None of these fall under the term conventional weapons which are primarily effective due to their destructive potential.", "Chemical warfare __knowledge__ With proper protective equipment, training, and decontamination measures, the primary effects of chemical weapons can be overcome.", "Chemical warfare __knowledge__ Many nations possess vast stockpiles of weaponized agents in preparation for wartime use.", "Synthetic cannabinoids __knowledge__ Synthetic cannabinoids are a class of chemicals that bind to cannabinoid receptors in the body, but that are different from the natural cannabinoids in cannabis plants.", "Synthetic cannabinoids __knowledge__ They are often marketed as designer drugs or sold in products with claims that they give the effects of cannabis.", "Synthetic cannabinoids __knowledge__ When these chemicals are sprayed or otherwise soaked into a plant or other base material the blend is sometimes misleadingly referred to as synthetic marijuana.", "Synthetic cannabinoids __knowledge__ These \"synthetic marijuana\" products are sold for recreational drug use.", "Synthetic cannabinoids __knowledge__ There are several psychoactive artificial cannabinoid families (e.g.", "Synthetic cannabinoids __knowledge__ AM-xxx, HU-xxx, JWH-xxx, CP xx) that are sprayed onto plant matter that is then sold under brand names like K2 and Spice, both of which are now often used as generic terms for any synthetic cannabinoid product.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) is a United States law, passed by the United States Congress in 1976 and administered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, that regulates the introduction of new or already existing chemicals.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ When the TSCA was put into place, all existing chemicals were considered to be safe for use and subsequently grandfathered in.", "Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 __knowledge__ Its three main objectives are to assess and regulate new commercial chemicals before they enter the market, to regulate chemicals already existing in 1976 that posed an \"unreasonable risk to health or to the environment\", as for example PCB's, lead, mercury and radon, and to regulate these chemicals' distribution and use.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Fine chemical __knowledge__ Fine chemicals are complex, single, pure chemical substances, produced in limited quantities in multipurpose plants by multistep batch chemical or biotechnological processes.", "Fine chemical __knowledge__ They are described by exacting specifications, used for further processing within the chemical industry and sold for more than $10/kg (see the comparison of fine chemicals, commodities and specialties).", "Fine chemical __knowledge__ The class of fine chemicals is subdivided either on the basis of the added value (building blocks, advanced intermediates or active ingredients), or the type of business transaction, namely standard or exclusive products.", "Fine chemical __knowledge__ Fine chemicals are produced in limited volumes ( $10/kg) according to exacting specifications, mainly by traditional organic synthesis in multipurpose chemical plants.", "Cement kiln __knowledge__ Cement kilns are used for the pyroprocessing stage of manufacture of Portland and other types of hydraulic cement, in which calcium carbonate reacts with silica-bearing minerals to form a mixture of calcium silicates.", "Cement kiln __knowledge__ Over a billion tonnes of cement are made per year, and cement kilns are the heart of this production process: their capacity usually defines the capacity of the cement plant.", "Cement kiln __knowledge__ As the main energy-consuming and greenhouse-gas–emitting stage of cement manufacture, improvement of kiln efficiency has been the central concern of cement manufacturing technology.", "Cement kiln __knowledge__ A typical process of manufacture consists of three stages: In the second stage, the rawmix is fed into the kiln and gradually heated by contact with the hot gases from combustion of the kiln fuel.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods.", "Industrial Revolution __knowledge__ The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, and many of the technological innovations were British.", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ Cellulosic ethanol is ethanol (ethyl alcohol) produced from cellulose (the stringy fiber of a plant) rather than from the plant's seeds or fruit.", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ It is a biofuel produced from grasses, wood, algae, or other plants.", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ The fibrous parts of the plants are mostly inedible to animals, including humans, except for ruminants (grazing, cud-chewing animals such as cows or sheep).", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ Considerable interest in cellulosic ethanol exists because it has the potential for strong economic importance.", "Cellulosic ethanol __knowledge__ Growth of cellulose by plants is a mechanism that captures and stores solar energy chemically in nontoxic ways with resultant supplies that are easy to transport and store.", "Veldwezelt-Hezerwater __knowledge__ Veldwezelt-Hezerwater is a Palaeolithic archaeological site in the municipality of Lanaken in the province of Limburg, Belgium.", "Veldwezelt-Hezerwater __knowledge__ The successive archaeological excavation campaigns at Veldwezelt-Hezerwater, Belgium, provide important remains of at least five separate Middle Palaeolithic valley settlements, showing that Middle Palaeolithic humans were living and producing their tools at different times during the Late Saalian (late MIS 6), the late Last Interglacial s.l.", "Veldwezelt-Hezerwater __knowledge__ (MIS 5a) and the Middle Weichselian (MIS 3).", "Veldwezelt-Hezerwater __knowledge__ The oldest occupation phases present at Veldwezelt-Hezerwater should be seen in relation to the Late Saalian rock-fall deposits.", "Nazi–Soviet economic relations (1934–41) __knowledge__ After the Nazis rose to power in Germany in 1933, relations between Germany and the Soviet Union began to deteriorate rapidly, and trade between the two countries decreased.", "Nazi–Soviet economic relations (1934–41) __knowledge__ Following several years of high tension and rivalry, Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union began to improve relations in 1939.", "Nazi–Soviet economic relations (1934–41) __knowledge__ In August of that year, the countries expanded their economic relationship by entering into a commercial agreement whereby the Soviet Union sent critical raw materials to Germany in exchange for weapons, military technology and civilian machinery.", "Nazi–Soviet economic relations (1934–41) __knowledge__ That deal accompanied the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, which contained secret protocols dividing central Europe between them, after which both Germany and the Soviet Union invaded countries listed within their \"spheres of influence\"." ] ]

[ 5, 0, 23 ]

[ "I worked in adminstration/logistics in a chemical factory. It was located at the end of a railroad spur specifically built for it.", "I don't work there, but yes, it was interesting. I was responsible for ordering more than 40 different raw material chemicals that we used.", "Yes, but the company took safety very seriously. I should know. My father was the Safety Supervisor. They ran a tight ship. Many chemicals were very toxic. The TCSA, a law passed in 1976, made sure they were tightly regulated. I got the MSDS sheets (Material Safety Data Sheets) through my office--they listed the effects and toxicity." ]

[ "Factory", "Factory", "Factory" ]

[ "Travel", "Airplanes are interesting but a little scary. I remember hearing that every time you fly you receive a dose of radiation.", "Oh interesting, I wonder why travel has to do with working. I can see how the two would be related though.", "Struggle, Work, and Travel, all meaning the same thing! Interesting." ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "Background radiation __knowledge__ Background radiation is the ionizing radiation present in the environment.", "Background radiation __knowledge__ Background radiation originates from a variety of sources, both natural and artificial.", "Background radiation __knowledge__ Sources include cosmic radiation, and environmental radioactivity from such as naturally occurring radioactive materials including radon and radium, and fallout from nuclear weapons testing and nuclear accidents.", "Background radiation __knowledge__ Background radiations are the radioactive radiations (such as alpha,beta, gamma rays) to which we all are exposed, even in the absence of an actual radioactive source.", "Background radiation __knowledge__ For example, in considering radiation safety , background radiation is defined by the International Atomic Energy Agency as \"Dose or dose rate (or an observed measure related to the dose or dose rate) attributable to all sources other than the one(s) specified.", "Full body scanner __knowledge__ A full-body scanner is a device that detects objects on a person's body for security screening purposes, without physically removing clothes or making physical contact.", "Full body scanner __knowledge__ Depending on the technology used, the operator may see an alternate-wavelength image of the person's naked body, or merely a cartoon-like representation of the person with an indicator showing where any suspicious items were detected.", "Full body scanner __knowledge__ For privacy and security reasons, the display is generally not visible to other passengers, and in some cases is located in a separate room where the operator cannot see the face of the person being screened.", "Radiation therapy __knowledge__ Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator.", "Radiation therapy __knowledge__ Radiation therapy may be curative in a number of types of cancer if they are localized to one area of the body.", "Radiation therapy __knowledge__ It may also be used as part of adjuvant therapy, to prevent tumor recurrence after surgery to remove a primary malignant tumor (for example, early stages of breast cancer).", "Radiation therapy __knowledge__ Radiation therapy is synergistic with chemotherapy, and has been used before, during, and after chemotherapy in susceptible cancers.", "Sievert __knowledge__ The sievert (symbol: Sv) is a derived unit of ionizing radiation dose in the International System of Units (SI) and is a measure of the health effect of low levels of ionizing radiation on the human body.", "Sievert __knowledge__ The sievert is of importance in dosimetry and radiation protection, and is named after Rolf Maximilian Sievert, a Swedish medical physicist renowned for work on radiation dose measurement and research into the biological effects of radiation.", "Sievert __knowledge__ Quantities that are measured in sieverts are intended to represent the stochastic health risk, which for radiation dose assessment is defined as the probability of cancer induction and genetic damage.", "Ionizing radiation __knowledge__ Ionizing radiation (ionising radiation) is radiation that carries enough energy to liberate electrons from atoms or molecules, thereby ionizing them.", "Ionizing radiation __knowledge__ Ionizing radiation is made up of energetic subatomic particles, ions or atoms moving at high speeds (usually greater than 1% of the speed of light), and electromagnetic waves on the high-energy end of the electromagnetic spectrum.", "Ionizing radiation __knowledge__ Gamma rays, X-rays, and the higher ultraviolet part of the electromagnetic spectrum are ionizing, whereas the lower ultraviolet part of the electromagnetic spectrum, and also the lower part of the spectrum below UV, including visible light (including nearly all types of laser light), infrared, microwaves, and radio waves are all considered \"non-ionizing radiation\".", "Operation Crossroads __knowledge__ Operation Crossroads was a pair of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in mid-1946.", "Operation Crossroads __knowledge__ They were the first nuclear weapon tests since Trinity in July 1945, and the first detonations of nuclear devices since the atomic bombing of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945.", "Operation Crossroads __knowledge__ The purpose of the tests was to investigate the effect of nuclear weapons on warships.", "Operation Crossroads __knowledge__ The Crossroads tests were the first of many nuclear tests held in the Marshall Islands, and the first to be publicly announced beforehand and observed by an invited audience, including a large press corps.", "Operation Crossroads __knowledge__ They were conducted by Joint Army/Navy Task Force One, headed by Vice Admiral William H. P. Blandy rather than by the Manhattan Project, which had developed nuclear weapons during World War II.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ The radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster are the observed and predicted effects resulting from the release of radioactive isotopes from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Radioactive isotopes were released from reactor containment vessels as a result of venting to reduce gaseous pressure, and the discharge of coolant water into the sea.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ This resulted in Japanese authorities implementing a 20 km exclusion zone around the power plant, and the continued displacement of approximately 156,000 people as of early 2013.", "Radiation effects from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster __knowledge__ Trace quantities of radioactive particles from the incident, including iodine-131 and caesium-134/137, have since been detected around the world.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ Silvia Colloca (born 23 July 1977) is an Italian actress, blogger, cookbook author, and TV cookery show personality.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ She has published two cookbooks.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ Colloca was born in Milan to Loredana and Mario Colloca.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ Her first major film role was in \"Van Helsing\", in which she played Verona, one of Dracula's brides.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ On 25 September 2004, at the medieval castle Castello di Montalto in Tuscany, Italy she married the Australian actor Richard Roxburgh who played Dracula in that film.", "Silvia Colloca __knowledge__ They have two sons, Raphael Jack Domenico Roxburgh born in 2007 and Miro Gianni David Roxburgh born in 2010, and a daughter, Luna Roxburgh born in 2017.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ \"Regular Show\" is an American animated series created by J. G. Quintel.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ The series contains many characters, with seven main characters and various recurring and one-time characters.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai (voiced by J. G. Quintel) is a 5'10\" anthropomorphic blue jay (6' including the crest) who works as a groundskeeper at The Park.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ He has been best friends with Rigby ever since childhood, and together they are very lazy and constantly slack off at their jobs there.", "List of Regular Show characters __knowledge__ Mordecai is more conscientious, mature, and moral about his actions than Rigby is, which sometimes leads to his opposing Rigby when he is the cause of some kind of chaotic problem.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ Federico Damian \"Freddie\" Colloca (born February 14, 1975) is an Argentine-American Christian musician, pianist, and worship leader.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ He has released two noteworthy studio albums, \"Dance El Ritmo\", in 2001, and \"Unconditional\", in 2002, both with One Voice Music.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ He was nominated for a GMA Dove Award in 2002.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ Federico Damian Colloca was born on February 14, 1975, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, the son of Roberto Colloca, a preacher, and his wife.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ He immigrated to Miami, Florida, when he was young with his family, where his father pastors, Iglesia Vida Abundante.", "Freddie Colloca __knowledge__ His music acumen developed at ten years old, playing the piano and being a worship leader in his fathers church.", "Railway accidents in New South Wales __knowledge__ The railways of New South Wales, Australia have had many incidents and accidents since their formation in 1831.", "Railway accidents in New South Wales __knowledge__ (There are close to 1,000 names associated with rail-related deaths in NSW on the walls of the Australian Railway Monument in Werris Creek.", "Railway accidents in New South Wales __knowledge__ Those killed were all employees of various NSW railways.", "Railway accidents in New South Wales __knowledge__ The details below include deaths of employees and the general public).", "Railway accidents in New South Wales __knowledge__ This locomotive, built in 1855 by Robert Stephenson with three others for the first real railway line in New South Wales, was involved in two fatal accidents.", "Railway accidents in New South Wales __knowledge__ The first occurred as a derailment on 10 July 1858.", "Railway accidents in New South Wales __knowledge__ The locomotive was pulling two open third-class carriages, a first- and a second-class carriage between Sydney and Parramatta.", "Disco __knowledge__ Disco is a musical style originating in the early 1970s.", "Disco __knowledge__ It began to emerge from America's urban nightlife scene, where it had been curtailed to house parties and makeshift discotheques from the middle of the decade onwards, after which, it began making regular mainstream appearances, gaining popularity and increasing airplay on radio.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its popularity was achieved sometime during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s.", "Disco __knowledge__ Its initial audiences in the U.S. were club-goers, both male and female, from the African American, Italian American, Latino, and psychedelic communities in Philadelphia, Chicago, San Francisco, and New York City during the late 1960s and early 1970s.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "Budd Company __knowledge__ The Budd Company was a 20th-century metal fabricator, a major supplier of body components to the automobile industry and a manufacturer of stainless steel passenger rail cars, airframes, missile and space vehicles, various defense products.", "Budd Company __knowledge__ Budd was founded in 1912 in Philadelphia by Edward G. Budd, whose fame came from his development of the first all-steel automobile bodies in 1913 and, in the 1930s, his company's invention of the \"shotweld\" technique for joining pieces of stainless steel without damaging its anti-corrosion properties.", "Budd Company __knowledge__ Budd Company became part of Budd Thyssen in 1978 and in 1999 a part of ThyssenKrupp Budd." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ \"The Simpsons\" includes a large array of supporting characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople, local celebrities, fictional characters within the show, and even animals.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ The writers originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokes or for fulfilling needed functions in the town.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ A number of them have gained expanded roles and have subsequently starred in their own episodes.", "List of recurring The Simpsons characters __knowledge__ According to the creator of \"The Simpsons\", Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the Canadian sketch comedy show \"Second City Television\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of the major characters from the anime and manga series \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\" and its spin-offs \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ GXP\", \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ War on Geminar\", \"Tenchi Universe\", \"Tenchi in Tokyo\", \"Ai Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ \", \"\", \"Magical Project S\", and \"Magical Girl Pretty Sammy\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Masaki Kajishima and Hiroki Hayashi, who both worked on the \"Bubblegum Crisis\" OAVs, cite the show as being the inspiration for \"Tenchi Muyo!", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Ryo-Ohki\".", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ In an interview with AIC, Hayashi described \"Bubblegum Crisis\" as \"a pretty gloomy anime.", "List of Tenchi Muyo! characters __knowledge__ Serious fighting, complicated human relationships, and dark Mega Tokyo.\"", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is a founding member of the Justice League, goddess, and Ambassador-at-Large of the Amazon people.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character first appeared in \"All Star Comics\" #8 in October 1941 and first cover-dated on \"Sensation Comics\" #1, January 1942.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ In her homeland, the island nation of Themyscira, her official title is Princess Diana of Themyscira, Daughter of Hippolyta.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ When blending into the society outside of her homeland, she adopts her civilian identity Diana Prince.", "Wonder Woman __knowledge__ The character is also referred to by such epithets as the \"Amazing Amazon\", the \"Spirit of Truth\", \"Themyscira's Champion\", the \"God-killer\", and the \"Goddess of Love and War\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The following is a list of episodes from the American animated children's television series, \"Wonder Pets!\".", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ It debuted on March 3, 2006, on the Nick Jr. block of the Nickelodeon cable television network and Noggin (now Nick Jr.) on December 27, 2006.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ 1.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ Save the Dolphin!/Save the Chimp!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Air Date 9/18/06) The Wonder Pets travel to Hawaii to save a baby dolphin caught in a fishing net who is in danger of drowning.", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ The Wonder Pets rig their Flyboat for space travel and head for the stars to rescue a baby chimp whose spaceship is about to be hit by a meteor!", "List of Wonder Pets! episodes __knowledge__ (Fact: Christine Ka'aloa plays the mother dolphin in this first episode.)", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ \"Arrested Development\" is an American television sitcom that originally aired on the Fox network from November 2, 2003 to February 10, 2006.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ A fourth season of 15 episodes was released on Netflix on May 26, 2013.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ Created by Mitchell Hurwitz, the show centers on the Bluth family, a formerly wealthy, habitually dysfunctional family, and is presented in a continuous format, incorporating hand-held camera work, narration, archival photos, and historical footage.", "List of Arrested Development characters __knowledge__ The series stars Jason Bateman, Portia de Rossi, Will Arnett, Michael Cera, Alia Shawkat, Tony Hale, David Cross, Jeffrey Tambor, and Jessica Walter.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ This article is about the history of the fictional DC Comics' character Wonder Woman, who was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), then appearing in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), Six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Since her debut, five regular series of \"Wonder Woman\" have been published, the last launched in June 2016 as part of the DC Rebirth.", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Wonder Woman was introduced in \"All Star Comics\" #8 (December 1941), during the era known to comics historians as the \"Golden Age of Comic Books\".", "Publication history of Wonder Woman __knowledge__ Following this debut, she was featured in \"Sensation Comics\" #1 (January 1942), and six months later appeared in her own comic book series (Summer 1942).", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The following is a list of fictional characters in the comic book series The Boys, created by Garth Ennis and Darick Robertson.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ The Boys are a CIA black ops team, initially created by Col. Greg Mallory to manage, police, and sometimes liquidate Vought-American's superhumans.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ While this is in part to help protect normal humans from the actions of the largely out of control \"supes,\" this is also to ensure that the company lack the stability or the platform to push the use of superhumans in national defense.", "List of The Boys characters __knowledge__ Over time, however, the team's focus was changed, due to Butcher's increased influence, from one of management and containment to one of direct confrontation.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ The French Resistance () was the collection of French movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during the Second World War.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ Resistance cells were small groups of armed men and women (called the Maquis in rural areas), who, in addition to their guerrilla warfare activities, were also publishers of underground newspapers, providers of first-hand intelligence information, and maintainers of escape networks that helped Allied soldiers and airmen trapped behind enemy lines.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ The men and women of the Resistance came from all economic levels and political leanings of French society, including émigrés; academics, students, aristocrats, conservative Roman Catholics (including priests) and also citizens from the ranks of liberals, anarchists and communists.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ The Bourse du Travail (French for \"labour exchanges\"), a French form of the labour council, were working class organizations that encouraged mutual aid, education, and self-organization amongst their members in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ Early Third Republic France was a time of dramatic social and economic change.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ With the tremendous growth of industrial capitalism in the last twenty years of the 19th century and the continued migration of workers to cities, the traditional system of meeting places for those seeking work was overtaxed.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ Skilled and unskilled trades alike had gradually developed systems to match those seeking work with employers, but the legalisation of trades unions in 1884, helped formalise these structures.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ When the circumstances of Genie, the primary victim in one of the most severe cases of abuse, neglect and social isolation on record in medical literature, first became known in early November 1970, authorities arranged for her admission to Children's Hospital Los Angeles, where doctors determined that at the age of 13 years and 7 months she had not acquired a first language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Hospital staff then began teaching Genie to speak General American English, and she gradually began to learn and use language.", "Linguistic development of Genie __knowledge__ Their efforts soon caught the attention of linguists, who saw her as an important way to gain further insight into acquisition of language skills and linguistic development.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (; 22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the leader of Free France (1940–1944) and the head of the Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946).", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ In 1958, he founded the Fifth Republic and was elected as the President of France, a position he held until his resignation in 1969.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was the dominant figure of France during the Cold War era and his memory continues to influence French politics.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ Born in Lille, he graduated from Saint-Cyr in 1912.", "Charles de Gaulle __knowledge__ He was a decorated officer of the First World War, wounded several times, and later taken prisoner at Verdun.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats are produced in different variations around the world, with several countries claiming to have invented it or hailing it as their \"national confection\".", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Originally the treat was made using cream (hence the Danish name \"flødeboller\" (cream buns)), but the filling was later made from egg whites to help industrialize production and improve shelf life.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ Many languages used to call these treats by phrases or compounds using a counterpart to negro (e.g.", "Chocolate-coated marshmallow treats __knowledge__ \"negro's kiss\", \"negro bun\"); most but not all of these are increasingly being avoided, especially in formal writing, in favour of replacements such as \"choco-kiss\".", "French Left __knowledge__ The Left in France () was represented at the beginning of the 20th century by two main political parties: the Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party and the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), created in 1905 as a merger of various Marxist parties.", "French Left __knowledge__ But in 1914, after the assassination of the leader of the SFIO, Jean Jaurès, who had upheld an internationalist and anti-militarist line, the SFIO accepted to join the \"Union Sacrée\" national front.", "French Left __knowledge__ In the aftermaths of the 1917 Russian Revolution and the Spartacist insurrection in Germany, the French Left divided itself in reformists and revolutionaries during the 1920 Tours Congress, which saw the majority of the SFIO spin-out to form the French Section of the Communist International (SFIC)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel is the movement of people between relatively distant geographical locations, and can involve travel by foot, bicycle, automobile, train, boat, bus, airplane, or other means, with or without luggage, and can be one way or round trip.", "Travel __knowledge__ Travel can also include relatively short stays between successive movements.", "Travel __knowledge__ The origin of the word \"travel\" is most likely lost to history.", "Travel __knowledge__ The term \"travel\" may originate from the Old French word \"travail\", which means 'work'.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to the Merriam Webster dictionary, the first known use of the word \"travel\" was in the 14th century.", "Travel __knowledge__ It also states that the word comes from Middle English \"travailen\", \"travelen\" (which means to torment, labor, strive, journey) and earlier from Old French \"travailler\" (which means to work strenuously, toil).", "Travel __knowledge__ In English we still occasionally use the words \"travail\", which means struggle.", "Travel __knowledge__ According to Simon Winchester in his book \"The Best Travelers' Tales (2004)\", the words \"travel\" and \"travail\" both share an even more ancient root: a Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\" (in Latin it means \"three stakes\", as in to impale).", "Travel __knowledge__ This link may reflect the extreme difficulty of travel in ancient times.", "Travel __knowledge__ Today, travel may or may not be much easier depending upon the destination you choose (e.g.", "The Thing (1982 film) __knowledge__ The Thing (also known as John Carpenter's The Thing) is a 1982 American science-fiction horror film directed by John Carpenter and written by Bill Lancaster, based on the 1938 John W. Campbell, Jr. novella \"Who Goes There?\".", "The Thing (1982 film) __knowledge__ It tells the story of an group of American researchers in Antarctica who encounter the eponymous \"Thing\", a parasitic extraterrestrial life form that assimilates other organisms and in turn imitates them.", "The Thing (1982 film) __knowledge__ The group is quickly overcome by paranoia and conflict as they learn that they can no longer trust each other and that any one of them can be the Thing.", "The Thing (1982 film) __knowledge__ The film stars Kurt Russell as the team's helicopter pilot R.J. MacReady, and features A. Wilford Brimley, T. K. Carter, David Clennon, Keith David, Richard Dysart, Charles Hallahan, Peter Maloney, Richard Masur, Donald Moffat, Joel Polis, and Thomas Waites in supporting roles.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The Biggest Loser: Glory Days is the sixteenth season of \"The Biggest Loser\" which premiered on September 11, 2014 on NBC.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ Bob Harper and Dolvett Quince returned as trainers, while Jillian Michaels decided to leave the show.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ There are two new trainers this season: Jessie Pavelka and Jennifer Widerstrom.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season, the contestants are all former athletes including former National Football League players and Olympic Gold medalists.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ The contestants competed to win a $250,000 prize which was awarded to Toma Dobrosavljevic, the contestant with the highest percentage of weight loss.", "The Biggest Loser (season 16) __knowledge__ This season was also the last for host Alison Sweeney to focus on other projects.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ This article is about placeholder names in various languages.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ In Afrikaans, \"dinges\" ('thing'), \"goeters\" ('things'), \"watsenaam\" ('what's its name') are common placeholders.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A common placeholder name for a semi-mythological place - much the same as Timbuktu - is \"Pofadder\" (a real town).", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ A general term for a far away, remote/rural environment is \"Boendoe\".", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ \"Van die jaar toet\" (from the year \"tut\") is often used to indicate an unspecified, long time ago.", "List of placeholder names by language __knowledge__ Arabic uses \"Fulan\", \"Fulana[h]\" (فلان / فلانة) and when a last name is needed it becomes \"Fulan AlFulani\", \"Fulana[h] AlFulaniyya[h]\" (فلان الفلاني / فلانة الفلانية).", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The Spirit of the Age (full title \"The Spirit of the Age: Or, Contemporary Portraits\") is a collection of character sketches by the early 19th century English essayist, literary critic, and social commentator William Hazlitt, portraying 25 men, mostly British, whom he believed to represent significant trends in the thought, literature, and politics of his time.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ The subjects include thinkers, social reformers, politicians, poets, essayists, and novelists, many of whom Hazlitt was personally acquainted with or had encountered.", "The Spirit of the Age __knowledge__ Originally appearing in English periodicals, mostly \"The New Monthly Magazine\" in 1824, the essays were collected with several others written for the purpose and published in book form in 1825.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "African-American literature __knowledge__ African-American literature is the body of literature produced in the United States by writers of African descent.", "African-American literature __knowledge__ It begins with the works of such late 18th-century writers as Phillis Wheatley.", "African-American literature __knowledge__ Before the high point of slave narratives, African-American literature was dominated by autobiographical spiritual narratives.", "African-American literature __knowledge__ The genre known as slave narratives in the 19th century were accounts by people who had generally escaped from slavery, about their journeys to freedom and ways they claimed their lives.", "African-American literature __knowledge__ The Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s was a great period of flowering in literature and the arts, influenced both by writers who came North in the Great Migration and those who were immigrants from Jamaica and other Caribbean islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos (, \"Zákynthos\" , ) or Zante (, \"Tzánte\" , ; from Venetian), is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It is the third largest of the Ionian Islands.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a separate regional unit of the Ionian Islands region, and its only municipality.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ It covers an area of and its coastline is roughly in length.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ The name, like all similar names ending in -nthos, is pre-Mycenaean or Pelasgian in origin.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ In Greek mythology the island was said to be named after Zakynthos, the son of a legendary Arcadian chief Dardanus.", "Zakynthos __knowledge__ Zakynthos is a tourist destination, with an international airport served by charter flights from northern Europe.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ The Bourse du Travail (French for \"labour exchanges\"), a French form of the labour council, were working class organizations that encouraged mutual aid, education, and self-organization amongst their members in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ Early Third Republic France was a time of dramatic social and economic change.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ With the tremendous growth of industrial capitalism in the last twenty years of the 19th century and the continued migration of workers to cities, the traditional system of meeting places for those seeking work was overtaxed.", "Bourse du Travail __knowledge__ Skilled and unskilled trades alike had gradually developed systems to match those seeking work with employers, but the legalisation of trades unions in 1884, helped formalise these structures.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ The French Resistance () was the collection of French movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during the Second World War.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ Resistance cells were small groups of armed men and women (called the Maquis in rural areas), who, in addition to their guerrilla warfare activities, were also publishers of underground newspapers, providers of first-hand intelligence information, and maintainers of escape networks that helped Allied soldiers and airmen trapped behind enemy lines.", "French Resistance __knowledge__ The men and women of the Resistance came from all economic levels and political leanings of French society, including émigrés; academics, students, aristocrats, conservative Roman Catholics (including priests) and also citizens from the ranks of liberals, anarchists and communists.", "French Left __knowledge__ The Left in France () was represented at the beginning of the 20th century by two main political parties: the Republican, Radical and Radical-Socialist Party and the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO), created in 1905 as a merger of various Marxist parties.", "French Left __knowledge__ But in 1914, after the assassination of the leader of the SFIO, Jean Jaurès, who had upheld an internationalist and anti-militarist line, the SFIO accepted to join the \"Union Sacrée\" national front.", "French Left __knowledge__ In the aftermaths of the 1917 Russian Revolution and the Spartacist insurrection in Germany, the French Left divided itself in reformists and revolutionaries during the 1920 Tours Congress, which saw the majority of the SFIO spin-out to form the French Section of the Communist International (SFIC).", "Libertarian socialism __knowledge__ Libertarian socialism (or socialist libertarianism) is a group of anti-authoritarian political philosophies inside the socialist movement that rejects socialism as centralized state ownership and control of the economy.", "Libertarian socialism __knowledge__ Libertarian socialism also rejects the state itself, is close to and overlaps with left-libertarianism and criticizes wage labour relationships within the workplace, instead emphasizing workers' self-management of the workplace and decentralized structures of political organization.", "Libertarian socialism __knowledge__ It asserts that a society based on freedom and justice can be achieved through abolishing authoritarian institutions that control certain means of production and subordinate the majority to an owning class or political and economic elite.", "History of socialism __knowledge__ The history of socialism has its origins in the French Revolution of 1789 and the changes which it wrought, although it has precedents in earlier movements and ideas.", "History of socialism __knowledge__ The \"Communist Manifesto\" was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in 1848 just before the Revolutions of 1848 swept Europe, expressing what they termed \"scientific socialism\".", "History of socialism __knowledge__ In the last third of the 19th century, Social Democratic parties arose in Europe, drawing mainly from Marxism.", "History of socialism __knowledge__ The Australian Labor Party was the world's first elected socialist party when the party won the 1899 Queensland state election.", "History of socialism __knowledge__ In the first half of the twentieth century, the Soviet Union and the Communist parties of the Third International around the world mainly came to represent socialism in terms of the Soviet model of economic development, the creation of centrally planned economies directed by a state that owns all the means of production, although other trends condemned what they saw as the lack of democracy.", "Anarchism in France __knowledge__ Anarchism in France can trace its roots to thinker Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, who grew up during the Restoration and was the first self-described anarchist.", "Anarchism in France __knowledge__ French anarchists fought in the Spanish Civil War as volunteers in the International Brigades.", "Anarchism in France __knowledge__ According to journalist Brian Doherty, \"The number of people who subscribed to the anarchist movement's many publications was in the tens of thousands in France alone.\"", "Anarchism in France __knowledge__ Proto-anarchist thinkers appeared during the French Revolution, Sylvain Maréchal, in his \"Manifesto of the Equals\" (1796), demanded \"the communal enjoyment of the fruits of the earth\" and looked forward to the disappearance of \"the revolting distinction of rich and poor, of great and small, of masters and valets, of governors and governed.\"" ] ]

[ 1, 4, 7, 8 ]

[ "Hi, I like to travel. My favorite way is by airplane but I have also gone by car and train.", "Really? I never heard that before. The word \"travel\" could originate from the French word \"travail\" which means 'work'.", "Well, a lot of people do travel for business. We still use the word \"travail\" which means to struggle.", "Yes, and another interesting this is \"travel\" and \"travail\" share an ancient root: A Roman instrument of torture called the \"tripalium\". Yikes!" ]

[ "Travel", "Travel", "Travel", "Travel" ]

[ "Pizza", "I adore pizza! It is one of my favorite foods! What can you tell me about pizza?", "Wow! That long ago! In what country did it originate?", "I've never heard of Gaeta. When did it make its way to America?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ Street foods, ready-to-eat food or drink sold in a street or other public place, such as a market or fair, by a hawker or vendor, often from a portable stall, have variations within both regions and cultures.", "Regional street food __knowledge__ For example, Dorling Kindersley describes the street food of Viet Nam as being \"fresh and lighter than many of the cuisines in the area\" and \"draw[ing] heavily on herbs, chile peppers and lime,\" while street food of Thailand is \"fiery\" and \"pungent with shrimp paste... and fish sauce\" with New York City's signature street food being the hot dog, although the offerings in New York also range from \"spicy Middle Eastern falafel or Jamaican jerk chicken to Belgian waffles.\"", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Midwestern cuisine is a regional cuisine of the American Midwest.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ It draws its culinary roots most significantly from the cuisines of Central, Northern and Eastern Europe, and Native North America, and is influenced by regionally and locally grown foodstuffs and cultural diversity.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Everyday Midwestern home cooking generally showcases simple and hearty dishes that make use of the abundance of locally grown foods.", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Its culinary profiles may seem synonymous with \"American food.\"", "Cuisine of the Midwestern United States __knowledge__ Quoted in a 2007 interview with the \"Daily Herald\", Chef Stephen Langlois, a pioneer in the Midwestern local food movement, described it: \"Think of Thanksgiving dinner.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "Deep-fried pizza __knowledge__ Deep-fried pizza is a dish consisting of a pizza that instead of being baked in an oven is deep-fried, resulting in a different flavor and nutritional profile.", "Deep-fried pizza __knowledge__ This technique is known in both Scotland and Italy, but there are numerous differences between the Scottish and Italian variants, which likely developed independently.", "Deep-fried pizza __knowledge__ The Italian dish of \"pizza fritta\" originates in Napoli, and is usually made by frying a disk of pizza dough before applying toppings and serving.", "Deep-fried pizza __knowledge__ Alternatively, the fillings may be enclosed in a pocket of dough like a calzone, which is then fried; this is known as a panzerotto.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan cuisine is a fusion of cuisines of several European countries, with a particular emphasis on Mediterranean food from Spain, Italy, Portugal and France.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Other possible influences on the cuisine may result from immigration from countries such as Germany and Britain.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The food is very similar to Argentine cuisine.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The base of the country's diet is meat and animal products, mostly coming from beef but also chicken, lamb, pig and sometimes fish.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ Uruguayan gastronomy came from immigration, and did not come from the Amerindians, because the new colonies did not trust the natives.", "Uruguayan cuisine __knowledge__ The preferred cooking methods for meats and vegetables are still boiling and roasting, but with modernization also came frying (see milanesas and chivitos)." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ Unleashed is the third studio album by American rapper Bow Wow.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It was released on August 19, 2003, by Columbia Records.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ The album features guest appearances from Amerie, Baby, Mario and Jagged Edge, with its production handled by Bink!, The Neptunes, Jazze Pha, Swizz Beatz and Lil Jon, among others.", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ It is Bow Wow's first album without assistance or production from his mentor Jermaine Dupri, and where he dropped the 'Lil' from his stage name after his film debut in \"Like Mike\" (2002).", "Unleashed (Bow Wow album) __knowledge__ \"Unleashed\" received mixed reviews from critics, who felt that despite the changes in flow, production and lyrics, Bow Wow didn't distinguish himself enough to stand out from other rappers.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Wow Mali is the longest-running, multi-awarded and top-rated gag show in the Philippines aired over TV5 hosted by Joey De Leon.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was discontinued on May 2007 but some episodes still aired on \"Wow Mali Bytes\" and \"Wow Mali Express\".", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ On February 22, 2009, \"Wow Mali\" returned to TV5.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Following the network's second reformat after Holy Week, Wow Mali was set to return on April 6, 2009, airing every Wednesday at 7:30 PM.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ The show was again discontinued on September 1, 2010 and was replaced by a spin-off show, Wow Meganon which lasted until April 8, 2011.", "Wow Mali __knowledge__ Its third incarnation aired on April 11, 2011 and ended on February 26, 2012.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "Poland in the Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The most important phenomenon that took place within the lands of Poland in the Early Middle Ages, as well as other parts of central and eastern Europe, was the arrival and permanent settlement of Slavic peoples.", "Poland in the Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Slavic migrations in the area of contemporary Poland started in the second half of the 5th century AD, about a half century after these territories were vacated by Germanic tribes.", "Poland in the Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ The first waves of the incoming Slavs settled the vicinity of the upper Vistula River and elsewhere in the lands of present southeastern Poland and southern Masovia.", "Poland in the Early Middle Ages __knowledge__ Coming from the east, from the upper and middle regions of the Dnieper River, the immigrants would have had come primarily from the western branch of the early Slavs known as Sclaveni, and since their arrival are classified as West Slavs.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Byzantine navy __knowledge__ The Byzantine navy was the naval force of the East Roman or Byzantine Empire.", "Byzantine navy __knowledge__ Like the empire it served, it was a direct continuation from its Imperial Roman predecessor, but played a far greater role in the defence and survival of the state than its earlier iteration.", "Byzantine navy __knowledge__ While the fleets of the unified Roman Empire faced few great naval threats, operating as a policing force vastly inferior in power and prestige to the legions, the sea became vital to the very existence of the Byzantine state, which several historians have called a \"maritime empire\".", "Byzantine navy __knowledge__ The first threat to Roman hegemony in the Mediterranean was posed by the Vandals in the 5th century, but their threat was ended by the wars of Justinian I in the 6th century.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and merged into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ The Middle Ages is the middle period of the three traditional divisions of Western history: classical antiquity, the medieval period, and the modern period.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ The medieval period is itself subdivided into the Early, High, and Late Middle Ages.", "Middle Ages __knowledge__ Population decline, counterurbanisation, invasion, and movement of peoples, which had begun in Late Antiquity, continued in the Early Middle Ages.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut is an American restaurant chain and international franchise founded in 1958 by Dan and Frank Carney.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ The company is known for its Italian-American cuisine menu including pizza and pasta, as well as side dishes and desserts.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut has over 16,000 locations worldwide as of 2015.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ It is a subsidiary of Yum!", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Brands, Inc., one of the world's largest restaurant companies.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Pizza Hut was founded in June 1958 by two Wichita State University students, brothers Dan and Frank Carney, as a single location in Wichita, Kansas.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ PepsiCo acquired Pizza Hut in November 1977.", "Pizza Hut __knowledge__ Before closing in 2015, the oldest continuously operating Pizza Hut was in Manhattan, Kansas, in a shopping and tavern district known as Aggieville near Kansas State University." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is a traditional Italian dish consisting of a yeasted flatbread typically topped with tomato sauce and cheese and baked in an oven.", "Pizza __knowledge__ It can also be topped with additional vegetables, meats, and condiments, and can be made without cheese.", "Pizza __knowledge__ The term \"pizza\" was first recorded in the 10th century, in a Latin manuscript from the Southern Italy town of Gaeta in Lazio, on the border with Campania.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza was invented in Naples, and the dish and its variants have since become popular and common in many areas of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ In 2009, upon Italy's request, Neapolitan pizza was registered with the European Union as a Traditional Speciality Guaranteed dish.", "Pizza __knowledge__ \"Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana\" (True Neapolitan Pizza Association), a non-profit organization founded in 1984 with headquarters in Naples, aims to \"promote and protect... the true Neapolitan pizza\".", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is one of the most popular foods in the world and common fast food item in Europe and North America.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Many independent or chain restaurants, cafes, and fast food outlets offer pizza.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Restaurants or chains specializing in pizza are pizzerias.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza delivery is common in some parts of the world.", "Pizza __knowledge__ Pizza is sold fresh or frozen, either whole or in portions.", "Felix Gaeta __knowledge__ Lieutenant Junior Grade Felix Gaeta is a fictional character on \"Battlestar Galactica\" played by Alessandro Juliani.", "Felix Gaeta __knowledge__ Felix Gaeta is known for his friendly, encouraging, trusting, and idealistic nature, although this idealism is somewhat dented by the events of the early part of the show's third season (2006-2007).", "Felix Gaeta __knowledge__ \"You're an idealist.", "Felix Gaeta __knowledge__ There's no sin in that,\" says Gaius Baltar.", "Felix Gaeta __knowledge__ In college, Gaeta studied genetics but joined the military to pay for his education.", "Felix Gaeta __knowledge__ Once in the military, he applied himself to his duties with great dedication, putting his social life and other concerns \"on hold.\"", "Felix Gaeta __knowledge__ In the mini-series, Gaeta tells Commander Adama \"it has been an honor serving with you for the last three years.\"", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Gaeta (; , Ancient Greek: Καιέτα) is a city and \"comune\" in the province of Latina, in Lazio, central Italy.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Set on a promontory stretching towards the Gulf of Gaeta, it is from Rome and from Naples.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ The town has played a conspicuous part in military history: its fortifications date back to Roman times, and it has several traces of the period, including the 1st-century mausoleum of the Roman general Lucius Munatius Plancus at the top of the Monte Orlando.", "Gaeta __knowledge__ Gaeta's fortifications were extended and strengthened in the 15th century, especially throughout the history of the Kingdom of Naples (later the Two Sicilies).", "Siege of Gaeta (1806) __knowledge__ The Siege of Gaeta (26 February - 18 July 1806) saw the fortress city of Gaeta and its Neapolitan garrison under Louis of Hesse-Philippsthal besieged by an Imperial French corps led by André Masséna.", "Siege of Gaeta (1806) __knowledge__ After a prolonged defense in which Hesse was badly wounded, Gaeta surrendered and its garrison was granted generous terms by Masséna.", "Siege of Gaeta (1806) __knowledge__ The 1806 Invasion of Naples by Napoleon's forces was provoked when King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies joined the Third Coalition against Imperial France.", "Siege of Gaeta (1806) __knowledge__ The Kingdom of Naples was rapidly overrun by Imperial soldiers, but Hesse stubbornly held out at Gaeta.", "Siege of Gaeta (1806) __knowledge__ The garrison put up such fierce resistance that a large part of Masséna's \"Army of Naples\" was tied up in the siege for nearly five months.", "Duchy of Gaeta __knowledge__ The Duchy of Gaeta was an early medieval state centered on the coastal South Italian city of Gaeta.", "Duchy of Gaeta __knowledge__ It began in the early ninth century as the local community began to grow autonomous as Byzantine power lagged in the Mediterranean and the peninsula due to Lombard and Saracen incursions.", "Duchy of Gaeta __knowledge__ The primary source for the history of Gaeta during its ducal period is the \"Codex Caietanus\", a collection of charters preserving Gaetan history better and in greater detail than that of its neighbouring coastal states: Naples, Amalfi, and Sorrento.", "Duchy of Gaeta __knowledge__ However, unlike these sister seaports, Gaeta was never a centre of commercial importance.", "Invasion of Naples (1806) __knowledge__ The Invasion of Naples in January 1806 saw a French army led by Marshal André Masséna march from northern Italy into the Kingdom of Naples which was ruled by King Ferdinand IV.", "Invasion of Naples (1806) __knowledge__ The Neapolitan army was vanquished at Campo Tenese and rapidly disintegrated.", "Invasion of Naples (1806) __knowledge__ The invasion was eventually successful despite some setbacks, including the prolonged Siege of Gaeta, the British victory at Maida, and a stubborn guerrilla war by the peasantry against the French.", "Invasion of Naples (1806) __knowledge__ Total success eluded the French because Ferdinand withdrew to his domain in Sicily where he was protected by the Royal Navy and a British Army garrison.", "John Gaeta __knowledge__ John C. Gaeta (born 1965) is a designer and inventor best known for his work on the \"Matrix\" film trilogy, where he utilized and advanced methods and formats known as bullet time, virtual cinematography and Universal Capture (UCAP).", "John Gaeta __knowledge__ He is also known for a focus on Photo Anime, Nuvies, HoloCinema and Immersive Entertainment.", "John Gaeta __knowledge__ John Gaeta was born in New York City and grew up in Shoreham, Long Island.", "John Gaeta __knowledge__ He eventually grew an interest in photography and the films of Stanley Kubrick and Ridley Scott.", "John Gaeta __knowledge__ He entered New York University's Tisch School of the Arts to study film, and acquired a BFA degree with honors in 1989.", "Richard III of Gaeta __knowledge__ Richard III (died 1140/1), also known as Richard of Caleno, was the Norman count of Carinola and last quasi-independent Duke of Gaeta, ruling from 1121 to his death.", "Richard III of Gaeta __knowledge__ From 1113, he was regent of Gaeta for his cousin or nephew, Duke Jonathan; in 1121 he succeeded him.", "Richard III of Gaeta __knowledge__ As duke he was a nominal vassal of the Princes of Capua, to whom he was related.", "Richard III of Gaeta __knowledge__ Richard was the son of Count Bartholomew of Carinola, as attested by Peter the Deacon, who calls him \"Bartholomei de Caleno filius\" in his \"Chronicon Cassinense\".", "Richard III of Gaeta __knowledge__ Richard himself refers to his father in the grandiose title he used in charters in November 1123 and November 1127: \"Richard, ordained by divine clemency consul and duke of the aforesaid city [of Gaeta], son of Lord Bartholomew of old, descended from the princes of Capua and the counts of Carinola of pious memory.\"", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is food typical from Italy.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It has developed through centuries of social and economic changes, with roots stretching to antiquity.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Significant changes occurred with the discovery of the New World and the introduction of potatoes, tomatoes, bell peppers, maize and sugar beet, this last introduced in quantity in the 18th century.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ Italian cuisine is known for its regional diversity, especially between the north and the south of the Italian peninsula.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It offers an abundance of taste, and is one of the most popular and copied in the world.", "Italian cuisine __knowledge__ It influenced several cuisines around the world chiefly that of the United States.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ During the latter half of the 20th century, pizza became a globally accessible dish, mainly due to Italian immigrants that had brought their dishes to new people with resounding success, often in racially and culturally resistive environments.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ A survey from 2004 showed that Norwegians eat the most frozen pizza (5.4 kg/person*year), followed by Germans.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza became a popular fast food in Bangladeshi urban areas.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Since the introduction of various pizza brands such as Domino's and Pizza Hut in the early to mid-2000s, it has reached almost all classes of urban peoples.", "List of pizza varieties by country __knowledge__ Pizza is an emerging fast food in Indian urban areas.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The history of pizza begins in antiquity, when various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with toppings.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The precursor of pizza was probably the focaccia, a flat bread known to the Romans as \"panis focacius\", to which toppings were then added.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Modern pizza developed in Naples, when tomato was added to the focaccia in the late 18th century.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ The word \"pizza\" was first documented in AD 997 in Gaeta and successively in different parts of Central and Southern Italy.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ Pizza was mainly eaten in the country of Italy and by emigrants from there.", "History of pizza __knowledge__ This changed after World War II, when Allied troops stationed in Italy came to enjoy pizza along with other Italian foods.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The cuisine of the United States reflects its history.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The European colonization of the Americas yielded the introduction of a number of ingredients and cooking styles to the latter.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ The various styles continued expanding well into the 19th and 20th centuries, proportional to the influx of immigrants from many different nations; such influx developed a rich diversity in food preparation throughout the country.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ Early Native Americans utilized a number of cooking methods in early American Cuisine that have been blended with early European cooking methods to form the basis of American Cuisine.", "Cuisine of the United States __knowledge__ When the colonists came to the colonies, they farmed animals for clothing and meat in a similar fashion to what they had done in Europe." ] ]

[ 1, 3, 1, 2 ]

[ "Pizza is a great italian dish", "the term pizza was first recorded in the 10th century", "pizza is a tradtional italian dish from the town of Gaeta", "not sure but i love pizza with meat and vegetable toppings like anchovies, what do you like?" ]

[ "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza", "Pizza" ]

[ "Barbershop music", "I dont know much about it but have heard a couple of good things could you tell me more in detail what it is", "Wow i had an idea but dint know, do you have a prefered style of Barbershop vocal harmonies?", "Sounds really fun to listen too do you visit the barbershop often?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Bob Dylan (; born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter, who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1960s, when he became a reluctant \"voice of a generation\" with songs such as \"Blowin' in the Wind\" and \"The Times They Are a-Changin'\" that became anthems for the Civil Rights Movement and anti-war movement.", "Bob Dylan __knowledge__ In 1965, he controversially abandoned his early fan-base in the American folk music revival, recording a six-minute single, \"Like a Rolling Stone\", which enlarged the scope of popular music.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The Nicomachean Ethics (; Greek: Ἠθικὰ Νικομάχεια) is the name normally given to Aristotle's best-known work on ethics.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The work, which plays a pre-eminent role in defining Aristotelian ethics, consists of ten books, originally separate scrolls, and is understood to be based on notes from his lectures at the Lyceum.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The title is often assumed to refer to his son Nicomachus, to whom the work was dedicated or who may have edited it (although his young age makes this less likely).", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ Alternatively, the work may have been dedicated to his father, who was also called Nicomachus.", "Nicomachean Ethics __knowledge__ The theme of the work is a Socratic question previously explored in the works of Plato, Aristotle's friend and teacher, of how men should best live.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ Va'etchanan ( — Hebrew for \"and I pleaded,\" the first word in the parashah) is the 45th weekly Torah portion (, \"parashah\") in the annual Jewish cycle of Torah reading and the second in the Book of Deuteronomy.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ It constitutes .", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah tells how Moses asked to see the Land of Israel, made arguments to obey the law, recounted setting up the Cities of Refuge, recited the Ten Commandments and the \"Shema\", and gave instructions for the Israelites' conquest of the Land.", "Va'etchanan __knowledge__ The parashah is made up of 7,343 Hebrew letters, 1,878 Hebrew words, 122 verses, and can occupy about 249 lines in a Torah Scroll (, \"Sefer Torah\").", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The Texarkana Moonlight Murders, a term coined by the news media, references the unsolved murders committed in and around Texarkana in the spring of 1946 by an unidentified serial killer known as the \"Phantom Killer\", or \"Phantom Slayer\".", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The killer is credited with attacking eight people within ten weeks, five of whom were killed.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The attacks happened on weekends between February 22, 1946 and May 3, 1946.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first two victims, Jimmy Hollis and Mary Larey, survived.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The first double murder, which involved Richard Griffin and Polly Ann Moore, happened four weeks later.", "Texarkana Moonlight Murders __knowledge__ The second double-homicide, involving Paul Martin and Betty Jo Booker, occurred exactly three weeks from the first murders.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Percy Romeo Miller, Jr. (born August 19, 1989), better known by his stage name Maserati Rome or simply Rome (formerly Lil' Romeo and Romeo) or his acting/business name Romeo Miller, is an American rapper, actor, basketball player, entrepreneur, and model.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller is the son of hip hop artist Master P. Miller has founded the record labels Guttar Music, Take A Stand, The Next Generation and his current label No Limit Forever.", "Romeo Miller __knowledge__ Miller gained fame in the early 2000s after signing with No Limit Records, his father's label at the time, with the help of his debut single \"My Baby\" which went on to be certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Robert Paul \"Tad\" Williams (born 14 March 1957 in San Jose, California) is an American fantasy and science fiction writer.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He is the author of the multivolume \"Memory, Sorrow, and Thorn\" series, \"Otherland\" series, and \"Shadowmarch\" series as well as the standalone novels \"Tailchaser's Song\" and \"The War of the Flowers\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Most recently, Williams published \"The Bobby Dollar\" series.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Cumulatively, over 17 million copies of Williams's works have been sold.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Williams's work in comics includes a six issue mini-series for DC Comics called \"The Next\".", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ He also wrote \"\" issue #50 to #57.", "Tad Williams __knowledge__ Other comic work includes \"Mirrorworld: Rain\" and \"The Helmet of Fate: Ibis the Invincible #1\" (DC).", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Vocal harmony __knowledge__ Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Vocal harmony __knowledge__ Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads.", "Vocal harmony __knowledge__ In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song.", "Diamond Rio __knowledge__ Diamond Rio is an American country and Christian country music band.", "Diamond Rio __knowledge__ The band was founded in 1982 as an attraction for the Opryland USA theme park in Nashville, Tennessee, and was originally known as the Grizzly River Boys, then the Tennessee River Boys.", "Diamond Rio __knowledge__ It was founded by Matt Davenport, Danny Gregg, and Ty Herndon, the last of whom became a solo artist in the mid-1990s.", "Diamond Rio __knowledge__ After undergoing several membership changes in its initial years, the band has consisted of the same six members since 1989: Marty Roe (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Gene Johnson (mandolin, guitar, fiddle, tenor vocals), Jimmy Olander (lead guitar, Dobro, banjo), Brian Prout (drums), Dan Truman (keyboards, organ, synthesizer), and Dana Williams (bass guitar, baritone vocals).", "The Four Freshmen __knowledge__ The Four Freshmen is an American male vocal band quartet that blends open-harmonic jazz arrangements with the big band vocal group sounds of The Modernaires (Glenn Miller), The Pied Pipers (Tommy Dorsey), and The Mel-Tones (Mel Torme), (Artie Shaw), founded in the barbershop tradition.", "The Four Freshmen __knowledge__ The Four Freshmen is considered a vocal band because the singers accompany themselves on guitar, horns, bass, and drums, among other instrumental configurations.", "The Four Freshmen __knowledge__ The group was founded in 1948, and reached its peak popularity in the mid-1950s.", "The Four Freshmen __knowledge__ The last original member retired in 1993, but the group still tours internationally and has recorded jazz harmonies since its late 1940s founding in the halls of the Jordan School of Music at Butler University (Indianapolis).", "A cappella __knowledge__ A cappella (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way.", "A cappella __knowledge__ It contrasts with cantata, which is usually accompanied singing.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "A cappella __knowledge__ In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This is a list of university a cappella musical groups in the UK who have achieved some level of or recognition.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella are the University of Aberdeen's premier a cappella ensemble.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ They were founded in 2011 as the AUSA (Aberdeen University Student Association) A Cappella Society by Nathan Chadwick.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella first began competing in collegiate a cappella in 2012 and their competitive contributions are as follows: Voice Festival UK 2012 Voice Festival UK 2013 - Victoria Metcalf awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2015 (Semi-Finalists) Scottish A Cappella Championships 2016 Scottish A Cappella Championships 2017 - Colum Findlay awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2017 (Semi-Finalists) ICCA 2017 (Semi-Finalists) In 2015 Aberpella and their sister group The Killer Quines recorded their first professional EP - \"3000 And Counting\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Vocal harmony __knowledge__ Vocal harmony is a style of vocal music in which a consonant note or notes are simultaneously sung as a main melody in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Vocal harmony __knowledge__ Vocal harmonies are used in many subgenres of European art music, including Classical choral music and opera and in the popular styles from many Western cultures ranging from folk songs and musical theater pieces to rock ballads.", "Vocal harmony __knowledge__ In the simplest style of vocal harmony, the main vocal melody is supported by a single backup vocal line, either at a pitch which is above or below the main vocal line, often in thirds or sixths which fit in with the chord progression used in the song.", "Diamond Rio __knowledge__ Diamond Rio is an American country and Christian country music band.", "Diamond Rio __knowledge__ The band was founded in 1982 as an attraction for the Opryland USA theme park in Nashville, Tennessee, and was originally known as the Grizzly River Boys, then the Tennessee River Boys.", "Diamond Rio __knowledge__ It was founded by Matt Davenport, Danny Gregg, and Ty Herndon, the last of whom became a solo artist in the mid-1990s.", "Diamond Rio __knowledge__ After undergoing several membership changes in its initial years, the band has consisted of the same six members since 1989: Marty Roe (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Gene Johnson (mandolin, guitar, fiddle, tenor vocals), Jimmy Olander (lead guitar, Dobro, banjo), Brian Prout (drums), Dan Truman (keyboards, organ, synthesizer), and Dana Williams (bass guitar, baritone vocals).", "A cappella __knowledge__ A cappella (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way.", "A cappella __knowledge__ It contrasts with cantata, which is usually accompanied singing.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "A cappella __knowledge__ In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "The Four Freshmen __knowledge__ The Four Freshmen is an American male vocal band quartet that blends open-harmonic jazz arrangements with the big band vocal group sounds of The Modernaires (Glenn Miller), The Pied Pipers (Tommy Dorsey), and The Mel-Tones (Mel Torme), (Artie Shaw), founded in the barbershop tradition.", "The Four Freshmen __knowledge__ The Four Freshmen is considered a vocal band because the singers accompany themselves on guitar, horns, bass, and drums, among other instrumental configurations.", "The Four Freshmen __knowledge__ The group was founded in 1948, and reached its peak popularity in the mid-1950s.", "The Four Freshmen __knowledge__ The last original member retired in 1993, but the group still tours internationally and has recorded jazz harmonies since its late 1940s founding in the halls of the Jordan School of Music at Butler University (Indianapolis).", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues is a music genre and musical form originated by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the end of the 19th century.", "Blues __knowledge__ The genre developed from roots in African musical traditions, African-American work songs, spirituals, and the folk music of white Americans of European heritage.", "Blues __knowledge__ Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads.", "Blues __knowledge__ The blues form, ubiquitous in jazz, rhythm and blues and rock and roll, is characterized by the call-and-response pattern, the blues scale and specific chord progressions, of which the twelve-bar blues is the most common.", "Tunebot __knowledge__ Tunebot is a music search engine developed by the Interactive Audio Lab at Northwestern University.", "Tunebot __knowledge__ Users can search the database by humming or singing a melody into a microphone, playing the melody on a virtual keyboard, or by typing some of the lyrics.", "Tunebot __knowledge__ This allows users to finally identify that song that was stuck in their head.", "Tunebot __knowledge__ Tunebot is a Query by humming system.", "Tunebot __knowledge__ It compares a sung query to a database of musical themes by using the intervals between each note.", "Tunebot __knowledge__ This allows a user to sing in a different key than the target recording and still produce a match.", "Tunebot __knowledge__ The intervals are also unquantized to allow for other tunings besides the standard A=440Hz, since not many people in the world have perfect pitch.", "Tax status of Scientology in the United States __knowledge__ The tax status of the Church of Scientology in the United States has been the subject of decades of controversy and litigation.", "Tax status of Scientology in the United States __knowledge__ Although the Church was initially partially exempted by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) from paying federal income tax, its two principal entities in the US lost this exemption in 1957 and 1968.", "Tax status of Scientology in the United States __knowledge__ This was due to concerns that church funds were being used for the private gain of its founder L. Ron Hubbard (according to the IRS) or due to an international psychiatric conspiracy against Scientology (according to Scientology).", "Tax status of Scientology in the United States __knowledge__ In the course of a 37-year dispute with the IRS, the church was reported to have used or planned to employ blackmail, burglary, criminal conspiracy, eavesdropping, espionage, falsification of records, fraud, front groups, harassment, money smuggling, obstruction of audits, political and media campaigns, tax evasion, theft, investigations of individual IRS officials and the instigation of more than 2,500 lawsuits in its efforts to get its tax exemption reinstated.", "Classical music __knowledge__ Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.", "Classical music __knowledge__ While a more precise term is also used to refer to the period from 1750 to 1820 (the Classical period), this article is about the broad span of time from before the 6th century AD to the present day, which includes the Classical period and various other periods.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The central norms of this tradition became codified between 1550 and 1900, which is known as the common-practice period.", "Classical music __knowledge__ The major time divisions of Western art music are as follows: European art music is largely distinguished from many other non-European classical and some popular musical forms by its system of staff notation, in use since about the 11th century.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques.", "Singing __knowledge__ A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers perform music (arias, recitatives, songs, etc.)", "Singing __knowledge__ that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists.", "Singing __knowledge__ Singers may perform as soloists or accompanied by anything from a single instrument (as in art song or some jazz styles) up to a symphony orchestra or big band.", "Arnold Bax __knowledge__ Sir Arnold Edward Trevor Bax (8 November 1883 – 3 October 1953) was an English composer, poet, and author.", "Arnold Bax __knowledge__ His prolific output includes songs, choral music, chamber pieces, and solo piano works, but he is best known for his orchestral music.", "Arnold Bax __knowledge__ In addition to a series of symphonic poems he wrote seven symphonies and was for a time widely regarded as the leading British symphonist.", "Arnold Bax __knowledge__ Bax was born in the London suburb of Streatham to a prosperous family.", "Arnold Bax __knowledge__ He was encouraged by his parents to pursue a career in music, and his private income enabled him to follow his own path as a composer without regard for fashion or orthodoxy." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Each of the four parts has its own role: generally, the lead sings the melody, the tenor harmonizes above the melody, the bass sings the lowest harmonizing notes, and the baritone completes the chord, usually below the lead.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ The melody is not usually sung by the tenor or baritone, except for an infrequent note or two to avoid awkward voice leading, in tags or codas, or when some appropriate embellishment can be created.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ One characteristic feature of barbershop harmony is the use of what is known as \"snakes\" and \"swipes.\"", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ This is when a chord is altered by a change in one or more non-melodic voices.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Occasional passages may be sung by fewer than four voice parts.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Barbershop music is generally performed by either a barbershop quartet, a group of four singers with one on each vocal part, or a barbershop chorus, which closely resembles a choir with the notable exception of the genre of music.", "Barbershop music __knowledge__ Female barbershop quartets are sometimes referred to as \"Sweet Adelines quartets\", in association with the organization of that name.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Metamorphosis is the second studio album by American singer Hilary Duff.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ The album was released on August 26, 2003 by Hollywood Records as a follow up to her holiday album, \"Santa Claus Lane\" (2002).", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ According to Duff, the album incorporates elements of pop and rock music, and it represents changes that are specific to her life and that everyone experiences.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Duff worked with several producers on the album such as The Matrix who worked with Latin Pop Singer, Myra, also signed to Hollywood Records prior.", "Metamorphosis (Hilary Duff album) __knowledge__ Others who collaborated on the album include Chico Bennett, Matthew Gerrard, John Shanks, and his frequent writing partner Kara DioGuardi.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The group's original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson; their cousin Mike Love; and their friend Al Jardine.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ Distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ The band drew on the music of jazz-based vocal groups, 1950s rock and roll, and black R&B to create their unique sound, and with Brian as producer, composer, and de facto leader, they pioneered novel approaches to popular music form and production.", "The Beach Boys __knowledge__ He later arranged his compositions for studio orchestras and explored a variety of other styles, often incorporating classical or jazz elements and unconventional recording techniques in innovative ways.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Smile (sometimes stylized as SMiLE) was a projected album by American rock band the Beach Boys intended to follow their 11th studio album, \"Pet Sounds\" (1966).", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ After bandleader Brian Wilson abandoned large portions of music recorded over a ten-month period, the band substituted its release with \"Smiley Smile\" (1967), an album containing stripped-down remakes of some \"Smile\" material.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ Some of the original \"Smile\" tracks eventually found their way onto subsequent Beach Boys' studio and compilation albums.", "Smile (The Beach Boys album) __knowledge__ As more fans learned of the project's origins, details of its recordings acquired considerable mystique, and it was later acknowledged as the most legendary unreleased album in the history of popular music.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ \"Homer's Barbershop Quartet\" is the first episode of \"The Simpsons\" fifth season.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 30, 1993.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode was written by Jeff Martin and directed by Mark Kirkland.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ It features the Be Sharps, a barbershop quartet founded by Homer Simpson.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The band's story roughly parallels that of The Beatles.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ George Harrison and David Crosby guest star as themselves, and The Dapper Dans provide the singing voices of the Be Sharps.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ The episode begins with the Simpson family as they attend a swap meet.", "Homer's Barbershop Quartet __knowledge__ There, Bart Simpson and his sister Lisa notice a picture of their father, Homer, on the cover of an old LP album.", "A cappella __knowledge__ A cappella (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way.", "A cappella __knowledge__ It contrasts with cantata, which is usually accompanied singing.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "A cappella __knowledge__ In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music.", "A cappella __knowledge__ The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Pet Sounds is the eleventh studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on May 16, 1966.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ It initially met with a lukewarm critical and commercial response in the United States, peaking at number 10 in the \"Billboard\" 200, a significantly lower placement than the band's preceding albums.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ In the United Kingdom, the album was hailed by its music press and was an immediate commercial success, peaking at number 2 in the UK Top 40 Albums Chart and remaining among the top ten positions for six months.", "Pet Sounds __knowledge__ Originally promoted as \"the most progressive pop album ever\", \"Pet Sounds\" attracted recognition for its ambitious recording and unusually sophisticated music, and is widely considered to be one of the most influential albums in music history.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ A barbershop quartet is a group of four singers who sing music in the barbershop genre of singing, which uses four-part harmony without accompaniment by any instruments such as piano, a style called a capella.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ It consists of a lead, the vocal part which generally carries the tune/melody; a bass, the part which provides the bass line to the melody; a tenor, the part which harmonizes above the lead; and a baritone, the part that completes the chord with the note not being sung by the lead, bass, or tenor singers.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ The baritone can sing either above or below the lead singer.", "Barbershop quartet __knowledge__ Quartets can be male or female, but are generally not mixed male and female.", "Sweet Adelines International __knowledge__ Sweet Adelines International is a worldwide organization of women singers, established in 1945, committed to advancing the musical art form of barbershop harmony through education and performances.", "Sweet Adelines International __knowledge__ This independent, nonprofit music education association is one of the world's largest singing organizations for women.", "Sweet Adelines International __knowledge__ \"Harmonize the World\" is the organization's motto.", "Sweet Adelines International __knowledge__ It has a current membership of 21,000 and holds an annual international singing competition.", "Sweet Adelines International __knowledge__ Sweet Adelines International was established in 1945 by Edna Mae Anderson of Tulsa, Oklahoma.", "Sweet Adelines International __knowledge__ The aim was to teach and train its members in music and to create and promote barbershop quartets and other musical groups.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ This is a list of university a cappella musical groups in the UK who have achieved some level of or recognition.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella are the University of Aberdeen's premier a cappella ensemble.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ They were founded in 2011 as the AUSA (Aberdeen University Student Association) A Cappella Society by Nathan Chadwick.", "List of university a cappella groups in the United Kingdom __knowledge__ Aberpella first began competing in collegiate a cappella in 2012 and their competitive contributions are as follows: Voice Festival UK 2012 Voice Festival UK 2013 - Victoria Metcalf awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2015 (Semi-Finalists) Scottish A Cappella Championships 2016 Scottish A Cappella Championships 2017 - Colum Findlay awarded Outstanding Soloist Voice Festival UK 2017 (Semi-Finalists) ICCA 2017 (Semi-Finalists) In 2015 Aberpella and their sister group The Killer Quines recorded their first professional EP - \"3000 And Counting\".", "Quartet __knowledge__ In music, a quartet or quartette (, , , , ) is an ensemble of four singers or instrumental performers; or a musical composition for four voices or instruments.", "Quartet __knowledge__ In Classical music, the most important combination of four instruments in chamber music is the string quartet.", "Quartet __knowledge__ String quartets most often consist of two violins, a viola, and a cello.", "Quartet __knowledge__ The particular choice and number of instruments derives from the registers of the human voice: soprano, alto, tenor and bass.", "Quartet __knowledge__ In the string quartet, two violins play the soprano and alto vocal registers, the viola plays the tenor register and the cello plays the bass register.", "Sweet Adelines International competition __knowledge__ The Sweet Adelines International Competitions are the annual global championships for women's barbershop harmony a cappella singing – in quartets and choruses – for members of Sweet Adelines International (SAI) and have been held annually between September and November since 1947.", "Sweet Adelines International competition __knowledge__ They are now the largest women's singing competition in the world with over 8000 participants at the 2014 convention.", "Sweet Adelines International competition __knowledge__ There are two competitions for choruses (the international championships and the \"Harmony Classic\" for smaller choruses), and two competitions for quartets (the international championships and the \"Rising Star\" for young singers)." ] ]

[ 1, 1, 8, 6 ]

[ "Barbershop vocal harmonies are so cool", "Irs a style of capella with unaccompanied vocal music", "I like the female barbershop quartets they call them Sweet Addelines Quartet", "Yes and I noticed sometimes passages are sung by less than four voices" ]

[ "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music", "Barbershop music" ]

[ "Broadway theatre", "yes you seem to know a lot about musicals mind telling me more", "that sounds pretty cool anymore?", "cool I will have to make time to go see one" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Historian Martin Shefter argues, \"'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture\" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Historian Martin Shefter argues, \"'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture\" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nandhini is an Indian multilingual supernatural television drama that premiered on 23 January 2017 on Sun TV, Gemini TV, Surya TV and Udaya TV channels.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ This is the first South Indian Serial to be aired in 4 South Indian language by Sun Network channels and same time except for Udaya TV, which is half hour earlier.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ It is claimed that the show is the second biggest budgeted series on Indian television after Naagin and the first in South India.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ Nithya Ram, Malavika Wales, Rahul Ravi and Adhitri are the main protagonists of the series.", "Nandini (TV series) __knowledge__ The series is produced by Tamil film director Sundar C. and his wife, actress Kushboo.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ Supernatural is an American television drama series created by writer and producer Eric Kripke, and was initially broadcast by The WB.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ After its first season, The WB and UPN merged to form The CW, which is the current broadcaster for the show in the United States.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ The show features two main characters, Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester, brothers who travel across the country in a black 1967 Chevrolet Impala to hunt demons, supernatural creatures, and other paranormal entities, many of them based on folklore, myths, and American urban legends.", "List of Supernatural characters __knowledge__ In addition, \"Supernatural\" chronicles the relationship between the brothers and their father, John Winchester, as they seek to avenge and understand the murder of their mother at the hands of the demon Azazel.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting, and dance.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through the words, music, movement and technical aspects of the entertainment as an integrated whole.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Although musical theatre overlaps with other theatrical forms like opera and dance, it may be distinguished by the equal importance given to the music as compared with the dialogue, movement and other elements.", "Musical theatre __knowledge__ Since the early 20th century, musical theatre stage works have generally been called, simply, musicals.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934), known commonly as Jean Chrétien (), is a Canadian politician who served as the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from November 4, 1993, to December 12, 2003.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ Born and raised in Shawinigan, Quebec, Chrétien is a law graduate from Université Laval.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1963.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He served in various cabinet posts under prime minister Pierre Trudeau, most prominently as Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.", "Jean Chrétien __knowledge__ He also served as deputy prime minister in John Turner's short-lived government.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ \"The Dresden Files\", a contemporary fantasy/mystery novel series written by American author Jim Butcher, features a wide cast of characters.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ The book series was also made into a live-action television series which ran in 2007.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ Species: Human (Wizard) Description: Private investigator, Regional Commander of the White Council's Wardens, Knight of the Winter Court, Warden of Demonreach Prison Harry Blackstone Copperfield Dresden is a wizard and the protagonist of the series.", "The Dresden Files characters __knowledge__ He works as a supernatural private investigator in Chicago, dealing with paranormal crimes and consulting for the Chicago Police Department.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ This is a list of characters for the British television and radio sketch show \"Little Britain\" (and its American spin-off, \"Little Britain USA\").", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played By: David Walliams Appearances: Season 3 Alan works for the Donkey Hospice in the town of Achingballs.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ After contributors give him some money, he blatantly places stickers on embarrassing body parts, such as the genital region or breasts and on someone's rear in a deleted scene.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ He makes one appearance in Series 3.", "List of Little Britain characters __knowledge__ Played by: David Walliams Episodes: Radio Show; Season 1, episodes 4 and 5 Catchphrase: \"I love you Anne\" and \"I need you Anne\" Peter Andre is a royal BBC correspondent who gets sacked after first making surreal and false claims about the Royal Family (such as Prince Charles having magical powers, describing The Queen as \"The Main One\" and mistaking Princess Eugenie for her mother, Sarah, Duchess of York) and then expressing his love for Princess Anne through song.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ State of Florida v. George Zimmerman was a criminal prosecution of George Zimmerman on the charge of second-degree murder stemming from the shooting of Trayvon Martin on February 26, 2012.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ On April 11, 2012, George Zimmerman was charged with second-degree murder in the shooting death of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ In support of the charges, the State filed an affidavit of probable cause, stating that Zimmerman profiled and confronted Martin and shot him to death while Martin was committing no crimes.", "Trial of George Zimmerman __knowledge__ Florida State Attorney Angela Corey announced the charges against Zimmerman during a televised press conference and reported that Zimmerman was in custody after turning himself in to law enforcement.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ Hair: The American Tribal Love-Rock Musical is a rock musical with a book and lyrics by James Rado and Gerome Ragni and music by Galt MacDermot.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ A product of the hippie counterculture and sexual revolution of the late 1960s, several of its songs became anthems of the anti-Vietnam War peace movement.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical's profanity, its depiction of the use of illegal drugs, its treatment of sexuality, its irreverence for the American flag, and its nude scene caused much comment and controversy.", "Hair (musical) __knowledge__ The musical broke new ground in musical theatre by defining the genre of \"rock musical\", using a racially integrated cast, and inviting the audience onstage for a \"Be-In\" finale.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ The Broadway League, formerly the League of American Theatres and Producers and League of New York Theatres and Producers, is the national trade association for the Broadway theatre industry based in New York, New York.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ Its members include theatre owners and operators, producers, presenters, and general managers in New York and more than 250 other North American cities, as well as suppliers of goods and services to the theatre industry.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ Founded in 1930 primarily to counter ticket speculation and scalping, the Broadway League has expanded its mission and programs over time.", "The Broadway League __knowledge__ In addition to negotiating labor agreements with 14 unions in New York City and engaging in lobbying initiatives throughout the country, the League recognizes excellent works and artists through award programs such as Tony Awards, promotes the Broadway theatre industry through audience development programs such as Kids' Night on Broadway and Viva Broadway, and provides periodical studies and industry information such as box office grosses and demographic surveys for journalists, scholars, and the general public.", "Cast recording __knowledge__ A cast recording is a recording of a stage musical that is intended to document the songs as they were performed in the show and experienced by the audience.", "Cast recording __knowledge__ An original cast recording or OCR, as the name implies, features the voices of the show's original cast.", "Cast recording __knowledge__ A cast recording featuring the first cast to perform a musical in a particular venue is known, for example, as an \"original Broadway cast recording\" or an \"original London cast recording\".", "Cast recording __knowledge__ Cast recordings are (usually) studio recordings rather than live recordings.", "Cast recording __knowledge__ The recorded song lyrics and orchestrations are nonetheless identical (or very similar to) those of the songs as performed in the theatre.", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ Beauty and the Beast is a musical with music by Alan Menken, lyrics by Howard Ashman and Tim Rice, and book by Linda Woolverton.", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ Adapted from Walt Disney Pictures' Academy Award-winning 1991 animated musical film of the same name – which in turn had been based on the classic French fairy tale by Jeanne-Marie Leprince de Beaumont – \"Beauty and the Beast\" tells the story of a cold-blooded prince who has been magically transformed into an unsightly creature as punishment for his selfish ways.", "Beauty and the Beast (musical) __knowledge__ To revert into his true human form, the Beast must first earn the love of a bright, beautiful young woman whom he has imprisoned in his enchanted castle before it is too late.", "5th Avenue Theatre __knowledge__ The 5th Avenue Theatre (often referred to as 5th Avenue or the 5th) is a landmark theatre building located in Seattle, Washington.", "5th Avenue Theatre __knowledge__ It has hosted a variety of theatre productions and motion pictures since it opened in 1926.", "5th Avenue Theatre __knowledge__ The building and land is owned by the University of Washington and was once part of the original campus.", "5th Avenue Theatre __knowledge__ It is operated as a venue for nationally touring Broadway and original shows by the non-profit 5th Avenue Theatre Association.", "5th Avenue Theatre __knowledge__ The theatre, located at 1308 Fifth Avenue in the historic Skinner Building, has been listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places since 1978." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Historian Martin Shefter argues, \"'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture\" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people.", "Wineville Chicken Coop Murders __knowledge__ The Wineville Chicken Coop Murders—also known as the Wineville Chicken Murders—were a series of abductions and murders of young boys that occurred in the city of Los Angeles and in Riverside County, California, between 1926 and 1928.", "Wineville Chicken Coop Murders __knowledge__ The case received national attention.", "Wineville Chicken Coop Murders __knowledge__ In 1926, Gordon Stewart Northcott, a 19-year-old Canadian chicken ranch owner, took his 13-year-old nephew Sanford Clark (with the permission of the boy's parents) from the boy's home in Canada.", "Wineville Chicken Coop Murders __knowledge__ After arriving at his Wineville, California farm (located in present-day Jurupa Valley), Northcott beat and sexually abused him.", "Wineville Chicken Coop Murders __knowledge__ In August 1928, Sanford's older sister, 19-year-old Jessie Clark, visited Sanford, who was 15 at the time, in Wineville.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The manga series \"Rurouni Kenshin\" features a large cast of fictional characters created by Nobuhiro Watsuki.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ Set in Japan during the Meiji period, several of the characters are real historical figures who interact with the fictional characters.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ The story follows a pacifist wanderer named Himura Kenshin, who was previously an assassin known as \"\"Hitokiri Battōsai\"\" working for the Isshin Shishi during the Bakumatsu period.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ After helping Kamiya Kaoru, the instructor of a kendo school in Tokyo, in defeating a criminal he is invited by her to stay at her dojo.", "List of Rurouni Kenshin characters __knowledge__ During his stay in Tokyo, Kenshin befriends new people including Myōjin Yahiko, a young child descendant from a samurai family who starts training under Kaoru, Sagara Sanosuke, a former Sekihō who enjoys fighting, and Takani Megumi, a doctor involved with the illegal drug trade.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Dear... is The Grace's second Japanese album released on January 9, 2009.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The title track \"\"Sukoshi de Ikara\" (少しでいいから) (A Little Bit of Good)\" was used as the movie \"Subaru\" soundtrack song.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Tenjochiki's second studio album includes 2 singles released from July 2008 in Japan including the B-side of their 7th single \"Here\": \"Near: Thoughtful 1220\" and the album consists of a total of 9 tracks.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ The album peaked #14 on Oricon daily album charts and #37 on the Oricon weekly album charts, charted for 3 weeks and sold 4,734 copies, making their most successful Japanese album so far.", "Dear... (The Grace album) __knowledge__ Known as “The Grace” in Korea and “Tenjo Chiki” in Japan, the pop group consists of So.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ The Doctor is the ninth studio album by Cheap Trick, released in 1986.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ It was produced by Tony Platt and reached No.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ 115 on the \"Billboard\" 200 Chart.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ Since the beginning of the 1980s, Cheap Trick saw increasing pressure from their label, Epic Records, to produce material that was more commercial.", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ In 1985, the band successfully gained a commercial comeback with the Top 40 album \"Standing on the Edge\".", "The Doctor (Cheap Trick album) __knowledge__ For that album, the band had planned on returning to the rough sound of their 1977 debut, but producer Jack Douglas backed out of mixing process due to the legal issues he was having with Yoko Ono.", "The Romance of Helen Trent (album) __knowledge__ The Romance of Helen Trent is the only studio album from the metalcore band The Killing Tree.", "The Romance of Helen Trent (album) __knowledge__ It was first released on One Day Savior records on June 22, 2002.", "The Romance of Helen Trent (album) __knowledge__ Recorded by Matt Allison at Atlas Studios, Chicago, Illinois.", "The Romance of Helen Trent (album) __knowledge__ Since a contract was not signed between the record company and the band, it is unknown who legally possesses the copyrights of \"The Romance of Helen Trent\"; which is the main reason behind the album's lack of a reissue.", "The Romance of Helen Trent (album) __knowledge__ Multiple songs on the album feature intros consisting of a woman speaking about recent things she has been through.", "The Romance of Helen Trent (album) __knowledge__ The samples are from an audio diary found in a garbage bag of a girl known only as \"Helena Marie\".", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ The following is a list of recurring \"Saturday Night Live\" characters and sketches introduced between September 25, 2010, and May 21, 2011, the thirty-sixth season of \"SNL\".", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Vanessa Bayer plays teen Disney Channel star Miley Cyrus as the exuberant host of her own talk show.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ (Theme song: \"I've got guests, and a show, and I'm ready to go!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ So I guess that's pretty cool!", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ It's pretty cool!\")", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bryan Cranston played her father and house band leader Billy Ray Cyrus in the sketch's debut; he was replaced by Jason Sudeikis in later installments.", "Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2010–2011 __knowledge__ Bayer performed her impression of Cyrus during her auditions for SNL.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe Kanefsky (born 1969) is an American film writer/director who specializes in horror films.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky grew up in the suburbs of New York and attended Hampshire College where he studied Film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ He began writing stories at a young age after his childhood dream of becoming a clown took the backseat to his interest in film.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ By the time he was twenty-one, Rolfe had written and directed the original cult classic horror spoof \"There's Nothing Out There\".", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Rolfe eventually moved to California and has since been making his living writing and directing.", "Rolfe Kanefsky __knowledge__ Kanefsky has directed 15 of his own films and been the writer on several others.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan () is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Locally it is often referred to simply as \"The City\".", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough is coextensive with New York County, one of the original counties of the U.S. state of New York.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ The borough consists mostly of Manhattan Island, bounded by the Hudson, East, and Harlem rivers; several small adjacent islands; and Marble Hill, a small neighborhood now on the U.S. mainland, physically connected to the Bronx and separated from the rest of Manhattan by the Harlem River.", "Manhattan __knowledge__ Manhattan is often described as the cultural, financial, media, and entertainment capital of the world, and the borough hosts the United Nations Headquarters.", "Broadway (Manhattan) __knowledge__ Broadway is a road in the U.S. state of New York.", "Broadway (Manhattan) __knowledge__ Broadway runs from State Street at Bowling Green for through the borough of Manhattan and through the Bronx, exiting north from the city to run an additional through the municipalities of Yonkers, Hastings-On-Hudson, Dobbs Ferry, Irvington, and Tarrytown, and terminating north of Sleepy Hollow in Westchester County.", "Broadway (Manhattan) __knowledge__ It is the oldest north–south main thoroughfare in New York City, dating to the first New Amsterdam settlement, although most of it did not bear its current name until the late 19th century.", "Broadway (Manhattan) __knowledge__ The name \"Broadway\" is the English language literal translation of the Dutch name, \"Brede weg\".", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "Theater District, Manhattan __knowledge__ New York City's Theater District (sometimes spelled Theatre District, and officially zoned as the \"Theater Subdistrict\") is an area in Midtown Manhattan where most Broadway theaters are located, as well as many other theaters, movie theaters, restaurants, hotels, and other places of entertainment.", "Theater District, Manhattan __knowledge__ It extends from West 40th Street to West 54th Street, and from Sixth Avenue to Eighth Avenue, and includes Times Square.", "Theater District, Manhattan __knowledge__ The Great White Way is the name given to the section of Broadway which runs through the Theater District.", "Theater District, Manhattan __knowledge__ It also contains recording studios, record label offices, theatrical agencies, television studios, restaurants, Duffy Square, Shubert Alley, the Brill Building, a Ripley's Believe It or Not!", "Midtown Manhattan __knowledge__ Midtown Manhattan, or Midtown, represents the central lengthwise portion of the borough and island of Manhattan in New York City.", "Midtown Manhattan __knowledge__ Midtown is home to some of the city's most iconic buildings, including the Empire State Building, the Chrysler Building, and the headquarters of the United Nations, and it contains world-renowned commercial zones such as Rockefeller Center, Broadway, and Times Square.", "Midtown Manhattan __knowledge__ Midtown Manhattan is the largest central business district in the world and ranks among the most expensive and intensely used pieces of real estate in the world, and Fifth Avenue in Midtown Manhattan commands the world's highest retail rents, at US in 2017.", "Times Square __knowledge__ Times Square is a major commercial intersection, tourist destination, entertainment center and neighborhood in the Midtown Manhattan section of New York City at the junction of Broadway and Seventh Avenue.", "Times Square __knowledge__ It stretches from West 42nd to West 47th Streets.", "Times Square __knowledge__ Brightly adorned with billboards and advertisements, Times Square is sometimes referred to as \"The Crossroads of the World\", \"The Center of the Universe\", \"the heart of The Great White Way\", and the \"heart of the world\".", "Times Square __knowledge__ One of the world's busiest pedestrian areas, it is also the hub of the Broadway Theater District and a major center of the world's entertainment industry." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Broadway theatre, commonly known as Broadway, refers to the theatrical performances presented in the 41 professional theatres with 500 or more seats located in the Theater District and Lincoln Center along Broadway, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is widely considered to represent the highest level of commercial theatre in the English-speaking world.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The Theater District is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ According to The Broadway League, for the 2016–2017 season (which ended May 21, 2017), total attendance was 13,270,343 and Broadway shows had US$1,449,399,149 in grosses, with attendance down 0.4%, grosses up 5.5%, and playing weeks down 4.1%.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ The great majority of Broadway shows are musicals.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ Historian Martin Shefter argues, \"'Broadway musicals,' culminating in the productions of Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein, became enormously influential forms of American popular culture\" and helped make New York City the cultural capital of the nation.", "Broadway theatre __knowledge__ New York did not have a significant theatre presence until about 1750, when actor-managers Walter Murray and Thomas Kean established a resident theatre company at the Theatre on Nassau Street, which held about 280 people.", "Cal Worthington __knowledge__ Calvin Coolidge \"Cal\" Worthington (November 27, 1920 – September 8, 2013) was an American car dealer, best known on the West Coast of the United States, and to a more limited extent elsewhere, from minor appearances and parodies in a number of movies.", "Cal Worthington __knowledge__ He was best known for his unique radio and television advertisements for the Worthington Dealership Group, most of which began with the announcement \"Here's Cal Worthington and his dog Spot!", "Cal Worthington __knowledge__ \"—though \"Spot\" was never a dog.", "Cal Worthington __knowledge__ Often, Spot was a tiger, a seal, an elephant, a chimpanzee, or a bear.", "Cal Worthington __knowledge__ In one ad, \"Spot\" was a hippopotamus, which Worthington rode in the commercial.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ A list of notable characters from the CBS soap opera \"The Young and the Restless\" that significantly impacted storylines and debuted between January 2000 and December 2009.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Alex Perez first appeared on November 29, 2000, later becoming the fiancée of Malcolm Winters and lover of his brother, Neil.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ The role, portrayed by Alexia Robinson, was created to fill the void left by Victoria Rowell.", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ Prior to her debut, the character was only known as \"Erin\".", "The Young and the Restless characters (2000s) __knowledge__ In 2002, it was announced that Robinson was to exit \"The Young and the Restless\" after the expiration of her contract, and departed onscreen on May 9, 2002.", "Red, White and Tuna __knowledge__ Red, White and Tuna is the third in a series of comedic plays (preceded by \"Greater Tuna\" and \"A Tuna Christmas\" and followed by \"Tuna Does Vegas\"), each set in the fictional town of Tuna, Texas, the \"third-smallest\" town in the state.", "Red, White and Tuna __knowledge__ The plays were written by Jaston Williams, Joe Sears, and Ed Howard.", "Red, White and Tuna __knowledge__ The plays are at once an affectionate comment on small-town, Southern life and attitudes but also a withering satire of same.", "Red, White and Tuna __knowledge__ The plays are notable in that two men play the entire cast of nearly twenty eccentric characters of both genders and various ages.", "Red, White and Tuna __knowledge__ The first play, \"Greater Tuna\", debuted in 1981 in Austin; \"Red, White and Tuna\" debuted in 1998.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ The Beverly Gray Mystery Stories, comprising 26 novels published between 1934 and 1955, were written by Clair Blank, pen name of Clarissa Mabel Blank Moyer.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ The series began as a series of school stories, and followed Beverly's progress through college, her various romances, and a career as a reporter before becoming strictly a mystery series.", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ Beverly is portrayed as an extraordinarily determined individual, with \"a driving ambition in her heart that would not let her idle her life away.\"", "Beverly Gray __knowledge__ Across 26 books, she leads \"such a life of adventure as would tax the resources of any soap opera heroine\".", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ \"Go See Eddie\" is one of J. D. Salinger's first short stories.", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ It is a tense story about a brother and sister, first published in 1940.", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ \"Go See Eddie\" was initially submitted to Story magazine and then Esquire before being accepted by \"The University Review\", now known as \"New Letters\".", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ Forgotten for decades, this story was uncovered in 1963 by Salinger's biographer Warren French.", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ This story is in the public domain.", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ The story cast consists of two siblings Bobby and Helen, and their maid Elsie.", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ Bobby comes to see Helen who is grooming herself.", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ He tries to convince her of several things.", "Go See Eddie __knowledge__ The first is to pursue a job with a friend of his (Eddie) and his second motive is to convince her to not commit adultery with a married man.", "Energy Management Center __knowledge__ The is a fictional organization that appears in the 36th Super Sentai Series \"Tokumei Sentai Go-Busters\".", "Energy Management Center __knowledge__ Its employs the series' protagonists the in their fight to keep the fictional energy source known as the safe from the evil Vaglass group.", "Energy Management Center __knowledge__ Their base of operations is 70 meters underground, modeled after an ant hill, with passages to any part of the city.", "Energy Management Center __knowledge__ Thirteen years prior to the events of the series, a freak accident caused a computer virus to evolve into the entity known as Messiah who went on to create Vaglass before being trapped in subspace.", "Energy Management Center __knowledge__ To prevent Messiah's return as well as looking for a way to uproot the threat, three children who so happened to be around when the freak accident happened were installed with an Anti-Metavirus program that gives them each both a unique and enabled them to be safely teleported away when the Transport Research Center is sent into subspace.", "Popotan __knowledge__ Gameplay in \"Popotan\" follows a semi-predetermined plot; major events remain the same, but personal storylines can diverge from the player's choices.", "Popotan __knowledge__ The game focuses on protagonist Chris, a drifter who meets three girls and their maid in a mansion near the ruins of Tokyo in the distant future.", "Popotan __knowledge__ The player's goal is to make available sexual scenes and images that the player can view or replay at any time depicting the protagonist having sexual intercourse with one of the girls.", "Popotan __knowledge__ The player can pursue other girls once they have finished one of the sisters' storylines.", "Popotan __knowledge__ Sales of the visual novel and its fan disc made the top 50 list of bestselling bishōjo games in Japan multiple times and it spawned an internet meme when the opening was put to sped-up music by the Swedish band Caramell.", "Houston __knowledge__ Houston ( ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States, with a census-estimated 2016 population of 2.303 million within a land area of .", "Houston __knowledge__ It is also the largest city in the Southern United States, and the seat of Harris County.", "Houston __knowledge__ Located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico, it is the principal city of the Greater Houston metro area, which is the fifth-most populated MSA in the United States.", "Houston __knowledge__ Houston was founded on August 30, 1836, near the banks of Buffalo Bayou (now known as Allen's Landing) and incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ The Big Pineapple is a heritage-listed tourist attraction at Nambour Connection Road, Woombye, Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It was designed by Peddle Thorp and Harvey, Paul Luff, and Gary Smallcombe and Associates.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It is also known as Sunshine Plantation.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 6 March 2009.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ The 2-level Big Pineapple is 16 metres high and was originally opened on 15 August 1971.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ It is situated on a 165 hectare site.", "Big Pineapple __knowledge__ Under new ownership the owners are facilitating new attractions such as the award-winning Big Pineapple Music Festival and the Big Pineapple was also selected to host Midnight Oil within their reunion concert series in 2017.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism in India is economically important and is growing rapidly.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The World Travel & Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated or 9.6% of the nation's GDP in 2016 and supported 40.343 million jobs, 9.3% of its total employment.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ The sector is predicted to grow at an annual rate of 6.8% to by 2027 (10% of GDP).", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Various states and union territories of India attract tourists due to diversity among them.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ Tourism is the major revenue generating industry in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.", "Tourism in India by state __knowledge__ According to official estimates, the flow of tourists in the Andamans was doubled to nearly 300,000 in 2012 from 130,000 in 2008–09.", "New York City __knowledge__ The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ With an estimated 2016 population of 8,537,673 distributed over a land area of about , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the United States.", "New York City __knowledge__ Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world with an estimated 23.7 million residents as of 2016.", "New York City __knowledge__ A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural, financial, and media capital of the world, and exerts a significant impact upon commerce, entertainment, research, technology, education, politics, and sports.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ The city of Paris has been an important center for European music since the Middle Ages.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ It was noted for its choral music in the 12th century, for its role in the development of ballet during the Renaissance, in the 19th century it became famous for its music halls and cabarets, and in the 20th century for the first performances of the Ballets Russes, its jazz clubs, and its part in the development of serial music.", "History of music in Paris __knowledge__ Paris has been home to many important composers, to name a few: Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, Christoph Willibald Gluck, Niccolò Piccinni, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Jacques Offenbach, Georges Bizet, Claude Debussy, Maurice Ravel, Hector Berlioz, Paul Dukas, Gabriel Fauré, César Franck, Charles Gounod, Jules Massenet, Vincent d'Indy, Camille Saint-Saëns, Erik Satie, Igor Stravinsky, Sidney Bechet...", "Times Square __knowledge__ Times Square is a major commercial intersection, tourist destination, entertainment center and neighborhood in the Midtown Manhattan section of New York City at the junction of Broadway and Seventh Avenue.", "Times Square __knowledge__ It stretches from West 42nd to West 47th Streets.", "Times Square __knowledge__ Brightly adorned with billboards and advertisements, Times Square is sometimes referred to as \"The Crossroads of the World\", \"The Center of the Universe\", \"the heart of The Great White Way\", and the \"heart of the world\".", "Times Square __knowledge__ One of the world's busiest pedestrian areas, it is also the hub of the Broadway Theater District and a major center of the world's entertainment industry." ] ]

[ 5, 1, 3, 4 ]

[ "The majority of broadway shows are actually musicals. Nice right?", "Well i know more about broadway thatre which refers to theatrical performances presented in 41 professional theatres with 500 or mote seats. These theaters are located in the theater district and licoln cnter along broadway in midtown manhattan new york city.", "Lots of people love the theater district! It is a popular tourist attraction in new york city!", "Yes and according to the roadway league for 2016-2017 the total attendance was over 13 million people and grossed over 1 billion us dollars. That is amazing!" ]

[ "Broadway theatre", "Broadway theatre", "Broadway theatre", "Broadway theatre" ]

[ "Waiting staff", "Did you enjoy it? What sort of restaurant or bar did you work at?", "Wow, that's a lot of people! What were your duties when you waited tables?" ]

[ [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waiting staff are those who work at a restaurant or a bar, and sometimes in private homes, attending customers—supplying them with food and drink as requested.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ A server or waiting staff takes on a very important role in a restaurant which is to always be attentive and accommodating to the customers.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Each waiter follows rules and guidelines that are developed by the manager.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Wait staff can abide by these rules by completing many different tasks throughout their shifts, such as food-running, polishing dishes and silverware, helping bus tables, and restocking working stations with needed supplies.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waiting on tables is (along with nursing and teaching) part of the service sector, and among the most common occupations in the United States.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that, as of May 2008, there were over 2.2 million persons employed as servers in the U.S.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Many restaurants choose a specific uniform for their wait staff to wear.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waitstaff may receive tips as a minor or major part of their earnings, with customs varying widely from country to country.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ An individual waiting tables is commonly called a \"server\", \"front server\", \"waitress\" (women only), \"waiter\" (referring to men or either/any gender), \"member of the wait staff\", \"waitstaff\" or \"serving staff\" \"server\", \"waitperson\", or less commonly the 1980s American neologism \"waitron\"." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waiting staff are those who work at a restaurant or a bar, and sometimes in private homes, attending customers—supplying them with food and drink as requested.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ A server or waiting staff takes on a very important role in a restaurant which is to always be attentive and accommodating to the customers.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Each waiter follows rules and guidelines that are developed by the manager.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Wait staff can abide by these rules by completing many different tasks throughout their shifts, such as food-running, polishing dishes and silverware, helping bus tables, and restocking working stations with needed supplies.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waiting on tables is (along with nursing and teaching) part of the service sector, and among the most common occupations in the United States.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that, as of May 2008, there were over 2.2 million persons employed as servers in the U.S.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Many restaurants choose a specific uniform for their wait staff to wear.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waitstaff may receive tips as a minor or major part of their earnings, with customs varying widely from country to country.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ An individual waiting tables is commonly called a \"server\", \"front server\", \"waitress\" (women only), \"waiter\" (referring to men or either/any gender), \"member of the wait staff\", \"waitstaff\" or \"serving staff\" \"server\", \"waitperson\", or less commonly the 1980s American neologism \"waitron\".", "Places in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy __knowledge__ This is a list of places featured in Douglas Adams's science fiction series, \"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\".", "Places in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy __knowledge__ The series is set in a fictionalized version of the Milky Way galaxy and thus, while most locations are pure invention, many are based on \"real world\" settings such as Alpha Centauri, Barnard's Star and various versions of the Earth.", "Places in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy __knowledge__ \"The Galaxy\" is our home galaxy, the Milky Way, though it is referred to exclusively as \"the Galaxy\" in the series.", "Places in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy __knowledge__ Apart from a very brief moment during the first radio series, when the main characters were transported outside the galactic plane into a battle with Haggunenons, and a moment when one of Arthur's careless remarks is sent inadvertently through a wormhole into \"a distant galaxy\", the Galaxy provides the setting for the entire series.", "Caesars Palace __knowledge__ Caesars Palace is a AAA Four Diamond luxury hotel and casino in Paradise, Nevada, United States.", "Caesars Palace __knowledge__ The hotel is situated on the west side of the Las Vegas Strip between Bellagio and The Mirage.", "Caesars Palace __knowledge__ It is one of the most prestigious casino hotels in the world and one of Las Vegas's largest and best known landmarks.", "Caesars Palace __knowledge__ Caesars Palace was established in 1966 by Jay Sarno, who sought to create an opulent facility that gave guests a sense of life during the Roman Empire.", "Caesars Palace __knowledge__ It contains many statues, columns, and iconography typical of Hollywood Roman period productions including a statue of Julius Caesar near the entrance.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ Old Ebbitt Grill is a historic bar and restaurant located at 675 15th Street NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ It is Washington's oldest bar and restaurant, and as of 2012 was owned by Clyde's Restaurant Group.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ It opened as an unnamed restaurant in the Ebbitt House Hotel.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ The Hotel distinguished itself as the first hotel in Washington to remain open all summer instead of closing when Congress adjourned.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ In 1827 the Hotel was razed and rebuilt in the same location.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ Ebbitt House Hotel was razed in 1925 to make way for the National Press Building, built in 1926.", "Old Ebbitt Grill __knowledge__ The restaurant was incorporated by Anders Lofstrand, Sr., as a stand-alone business.", "First class facilities of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ Reflecting the White Star Line's reputation for superior comfort and luxury, the RMS \"Titanic\" had extensive facilities for First-Class passengers which were widely regarded as the finest of her time.", "First class facilities of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ In contrast to her French and German competitors, whose interiors were extravagantly decorated and heavily adorned, the \"Titanic\" emphasised comfort and subdued elegance more in the style of a British country manor or luxury hotel.", "First class facilities of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ \"Titanic's\" enormous size enabled her to feature unusually large rooms, all equipped with the latest technologies for comfort, hygiene, and convenience.", "First class facilities of the RMS Titanic __knowledge__ Staterooms and public spaces recreated historic styles with a painstaking attention to detail and accuracy.", "List of Hollyoaks locations __knowledge__ The following is a list of locations and properties often seen on the Channel 4 soap opera \"Hollyoaks\".", "List of Hollyoaks locations __knowledge__ Hollyoaks is the main setting for the series.", "List of Hollyoaks locations __knowledge__ It is a fictional village in Chester, Cheshire.", "List of Hollyoaks locations __knowledge__ The majority of the characters live in the centre of the village, however some, for example the McQueens live just outside.", "List of Hollyoaks locations __knowledge__ Outside the centre includes Hollyoaks High School and a number of flats in which many characters live or have lived.", "List of Hollyoaks locations __knowledge__ Also a cemetery, swimming pool and a number of houses.", "List of Hollyoaks locations __knowledge__ Many characters have been seen to go to nearby Liverpool and Manchester for nights out or to get away from village stress.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ INK Entertainment is a hospitality and entertainment company headquartered in Toronto that maintains various properties; mostly nightclubs and restaurants, as well as a country club, two annual music festivals, two talent agencies, and a hotel currently under construction.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ Most of its properties are located in Toronto (either in the city's Entertainment District, Fashion District or in its ritzy Yorkville neighbourhood); with a few in Montreal, Niagara Falls, Miami area, and Las Vegas.", "INK Entertainment __knowledge__ Founded and run by the Lebanese-born entrepreneur Charles Khabouth, INK currently owns and operates Toronto's Product nightclub, Dragonfly nightclub on Niagara Fallsview Casino Resort grounds, Cube nightclub and La Société restaurant.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" is a British medical drama television series that premiered on 6 September 1986 on BBC One.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ The series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital, in the equally fictitious city of Holby, and features occasional crossovers of characters and plots with spin-off show \"Holby City\".", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ \"Casualty\" follows the professional and personal lives of the doctors, nurses, paramedics, hospital management and patients at Holby General.", "Characters of Casualty __knowledge__ It features an ensemble cast of regular characters, and began with 10 main characters in its first series, all but two – Charlie Fairhead (played by Derek Thompson) and Lisa \"Duffy\" Duffin (played by Cathy Shipton) – have since left the show.", "Rocky Anderson __knowledge__ Ross Carl \"Rocky\" Anderson (born September 9, 1951) is an American attorney and politician.", "Rocky Anderson __knowledge__ He served two terms as the 33rd mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah from 2000–08.", "Rocky Anderson __knowledge__ He is the Executive Director of High Road for Human Rights.", "Rocky Anderson __knowledge__ Prior to serving as Mayor, he practiced law for 21 years in Salt Lake City, during which time he was listed in Best Lawyers in America, was rated A-V (highest rating) by Martindale-Hubbell, served as Chair of the Utah State Bar Litigation Section and was Editor-in-Chief of, and a contributor to, \"Voir Dire\" legal journal.", "Rocky Anderson __knowledge__ As mayor, Anderson rose to nationwide prominence as a champion of several national and international causes, including climate protection, immigration reform, restorative criminal justice, LGBT rights, and an end to the \"War on Drugs\".", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Salut D'Amour (; lit.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Love Greeting), despite its French name, is a South Korean television series that aired on KBS2 from November 1, 1994 to April 25, 1995 for a total of twenty five episodes.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The theme of \"Salut D'Amour\", unlike later versions, are not interconnected to one another by episode.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ Each episode contains a separate but closely related theme.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The Episode starts with a documentary show on Korea during the war, Korea during the year he was born in (1975)-riots and crowded streets in South Korea.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The narrator talked about the population census taken on September 18, 1995.", "Salut D'Amour (TV series) __knowledge__ The population stood at 37,680,000 male and female sex ratio (1740:1124, males to females), as well as family events in 1982.", "Jumbo Seafood __knowledge__ Jumbo Seafood (Chinese: 珍寶海鮮樓) is a restaurant-chain in Singapore specialising in seafood.", "Jumbo Seafood __knowledge__ First opened in 1987 with an outlet at the East Coast Seafood Centre, it opened an additional five outlets in the city and in the suburban areas of Serangoon Gardens and the Singapore Indoor Stadium, with its newest outlet opened in Dempsey Hill.", "Jumbo Seafood __knowledge__ The restaurant chain works with the Singapore Tourism Board to actively promote local favourites such as Chilli Crab, Sotong You Tiao, Crispy Baby Squid and Sambal Kangkong.", "Jumbo Seafood __knowledge__ Since then, it has relocated many of its outlets and now the new branches are at East Coast Seafood Centre, NSRCC, The Riverwalk, Riverside Point, Dempsey Hill, Shanghai.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food is a mass-produced food that is prepared and served very quickly.", "Fast food __knowledge__ The food is typically less nutritionally valuable compared to other foods and dishes.", "Fast food __knowledge__ While any meal with low preparation time can be considered fast food, typically the term refers to food sold in a restaurant or store with frozen, preheated or precooked ingredients, and served to the customer in a packaged form for take-out/take-away.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Fast food restaurants are traditionally distinguished by their ability to serve food via a drive-through.", "Fast food __knowledge__ Outlets may be stands or kiosks, which may provide no shelter or seating, or fast food restaurants (also known as \"quick service restaurants\")." ], [ "no_passages_used __knowledge__ no_passages_used", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waiting staff are those who work at a restaurant or a bar, and sometimes in private homes, attending customers—supplying them with food and drink as requested.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ A server or waiting staff takes on a very important role in a restaurant which is to always be attentive and accommodating to the customers.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Each waiter follows rules and guidelines that are developed by the manager.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Wait staff can abide by these rules by completing many different tasks throughout their shifts, such as food-running, polishing dishes and silverware, helping bus tables, and restocking working stations with needed supplies.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waiting on tables is (along with nursing and teaching) part of the service sector, and among the most common occupations in the United States.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that, as of May 2008, there were over 2.2 million persons employed as servers in the U.S.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Many restaurants choose a specific uniform for their wait staff to wear.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ Waitstaff may receive tips as a minor or major part of their earnings, with customs varying widely from country to country.", "Waiting staff __knowledge__ An individual waiting tables is commonly called a \"server\", \"front server\", \"waitress\" (women only), \"waiter\" (referring to men or either/any gender), \"member of the wait staff\", \"waitstaff\" or \"serving staff\" \"server\", \"waitperson\", or less commonly the 1980s American neologism \"waitron\".", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A pow wow (also powwow or pow-wow) is a social gathering held by many different Native American communities.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ A modern pow wow is a specific type of event for Native American people to meet and dance, sing, socialize, and honor their cultures.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows may be private or public.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ There is generally a dancing competition, with many different types of traditional dances, music and regalia, often with significant prize money awarded.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ Pow wows vary in length from a one-day event, to major pow wows called for a special occasion which can be up to one week long.", "Pow wow __knowledge__ In popular culture, such as older Western movies, the term has also been used to describe any gathering of Native Americans, or to refer to any type of meeting, such as among military personnel.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Shad Gregory Moss (born March 9, 1987), better known by his stage name Bow Wow (formerly Lil' Bow Wow), is an American rapper, actor and television host.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As Lil' Bow Wow, he released his first album, \"Beware of Dog\", in 2000 at age 13, which was followed by \"Doggy Bag\" in 2001.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In 2003, Bow Wow released his third album \"Unleashed\", which was the first album released without using Lil' in his name.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ As of September 27, 2015, Bow Wow has signed a management deal to Bad Boy Records.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ Bow Wow made his first movie appearance in \"All About the Benjamins\", in 2002 as a cameo.", "Bow Wow (rapper) __knowledge__ In the same year, Bow Wow made his debut as the lead role in \"Like Mike\".", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Atelier Bow-Wow is a Tokyo-based architecture firm, founded in 1992 by Yoshiharu Tsukamoto and Momoyo Kajima.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ The firm is well known for its domestic and cultural architecture and its research exploring the urban conditions of micro, ad hoc architecture.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Yoshiharu Tsukamoto was born in Kanagawa Prefecture in 1965.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ He studied architecture at Tokyo Institute of Technology, graduating from his undergraduate degree in 1987.", "Atelier Bow-Wow __knowledge__ Tsukamoto travelled to Paris to be a guest student at L’Ecole d’Architecture de Belleville (UP 8) from 1987–88 and in 1994 he completed a Doctor of Engineering program at Tokyo Institute of Technology.", "Texas A&M–Commerce Lions football __knowledge__ The Texas A&M–Commerce Lions football team (formerly the East Texas Lions and East Texas State Lions) is the college football program representing Texas A&M University–Commerce.", "Texas A&M–Commerce Lions football __knowledge__ The school competes in the Lone Star Conference (LSC) in Division II of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).", "Texas A&M–Commerce Lions football __knowledge__ The A&M–Commerce football team plays its home games at Memorial Stadium on the university campus in Commerce, Texas.", "Texas A&M–Commerce Lions football __knowledge__ On Dec. 16, 2017, A&M-Commerce won its first NCAA Division II national championship, by defeating West Florida, 37-27, in Kansas City.", "Texas A&M–Commerce Lions football __knowledge__ The Lions recorded a perfect record in 1934, won the NAIA National Championship in 1972, and have amassed a total of 24 LSC conference championships since joining as a charter member in 1931.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ Bow Wow Wow are an English 1980s new wave band, created by Malcolm McLaren.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ The group's music has been described as new wave, pop and worldbeat, characterized by an \"African-derived drum sound\".", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ In 1980, McLaren persuaded guitarist Matthew Ashman, drummer David Barbarossa (also known as Dave Barbe) and bassist Leigh Gorman, all then members of Adam and the Ants, to leave the founder of the band, Adam Ant, and form a new group.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ After a six-month audition process for a lead singer, the band enlisted Annabella Lwin.", "Bow Wow Wow __knowledge__ David Fishel, an acquaintance of McLaren's, discovered 13-year-old Lwin while she was working a Saturday job at her local dry cleaners.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Carrie Marie Underwood (born March 10, 1983) is an American country singer, songwriter, and actress.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ She rose to fame as the winner of the fourth season of \"American Idol\", in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Her debut album, \"Some Hearts\", was released in 2005.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Bolstered by the huge crossover success of the singles \"Jesus, Take the Wheel\" and \"Before He Cheats\", it became the best-selling solo female debut album in country music history, the fastest-selling debut country album in Nielsen SoundScan history and the best-selling country album of the last 14 years.", "Carrie Underwood __knowledge__ Underwood won three Grammy Awards for the album, including Best New Artist.", "WOW series __knowledge__ \"WOW\" is a series of annual compilation albums featuring contemporary Christian music dating from 1995.", "WOW series __knowledge__ Comprising songs submitted by each partner label, the annual \"WOW Hits\" releases are typically double CD sets.", "WOW series __knowledge__ The birth of the WOW record project can be traced Grant Cunningham, A&R Director at Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ In November 1994 Grant made a business trip to EMI Limited in London, which at the time was the parent company of Sparrow Records.", "WOW series __knowledge__ There he noticed that several British record labels were issuing an annual CD of top-rated songs, known as the \"NOW\" series, containing collections of pop songs.", "Steak __knowledge__ A steak () is a meat generally sliced across the muscle fibers, potentially including a bone.", "Steak __knowledge__ Exceptions, in which the meat is sliced parallel to the fibers, include the skirt steak that is cut from the plate, the flank steak that is cut from the abdominal muscles, and the famous Silverfinger steak that is cut from the loin and includes three rib bones.", "Steak __knowledge__ When the word \"steak\" is used without qualification, it generally refers to a beefsteak.", "Steak __knowledge__ In a larger sense, there are also fish steaks, ground meat steaks, pork steak and many more varieties of steaks.", "Steak __knowledge__ Steaks are usually grilled, but they can be pan-fried, or broiled.", "Valle's Steak House __knowledge__ Valle's Steak House was an American chain of restaurants that operated on the East Coast of the United States from 1933 to 2000.", "Valle's Steak House __knowledge__ The chain's menu focused on steaks and lobsters.", "Valle's Steak House __knowledge__ A family run business, Valle's aggressively expanded during the early 1970s but was unable to weather the financial challenges of the gas crisis and the resulting economic downturn; increasing labor costs, the death of its founder, and the changing dining habits of its customers.", "Valle's Steak House __knowledge__ The last Valle's Steak House closed in August 2000.", "Valle's Steak House __knowledge__ Valle's Steak House operated as a full-service, high volume, low margin restaurant that emphasized prime steaks, fresh seafood, and Maine lobsters.", "Ruth's Chris Steak House __knowledge__ Ruth's Chris Steak House is a chain of over 150 steakhouses across the United States and in several international locations.", "Ruth's Chris Steak House __knowledge__ The restaurant is regarded as an upscale fine dining establishment, marking a gradual elevation in its status since its founding in the 1960s.", "Ruth's Chris Steak House __knowledge__ Ruth's Chris is currently the largest luxury steakhouse company in number of locations, operating income, and overall profit, larger than The Palm and Morton's.", "Ruth's Chris Steak House __knowledge__ On May 22, 2008, the company underwent rebranding and became part of Ruth's Hospitality Group after its acquisition of Mitchell's Fish Market.", "Ruth's Chris Steak House __knowledge__ The group has its headquarters in Winter Park, Florida.", "Genocides in history __knowledge__ Genocide is the deliberate and systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious or national group.", "Genocides in history __knowledge__ The term was coined in 1944 by Raphael Lemkin.", "Genocides in history __knowledge__ It is defined in Article 2 of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG) of 1948 as \"any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such: killing members of the group; causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group; deliberately inflicting on the groups conditions of life, calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part; imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group; [and] forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.\"", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, often shortened to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or nicknamed Obamacare, is a United States federal statute enacted by the 111th United States Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ The term \"Obamacare\" was first used by opponents, then reappropriated by supporters, and eventually used by President Obama himself.", "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act __knowledge__ Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 amendment, it represents the U.S. healthcare system's most significant regulatory overhaul and expansion of coverage since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ However the social, economic, and legal positions of slaves were vastly different in different systems of slavery in different times and places.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ Slavery can be traced back to the earliest records, such as the Mesopotamian \"Code of Hammurabi\" (c. 1860 BC), which refers to it as an established institution, and it was common among ancient peoples.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ Slavery is rare among hunter-gatherer populations, because it is developed as a system of social stratification.", "History of slavery __knowledge__ Slavery was known in the very first civilizations such as Sumer in Mesopotamia which dates back as far as 3500 BC, as well as in almost every other civilization.", "United States __knowledge__ The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.", "United States __knowledge__ At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km) and with over 325 million people, the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and the third-most populous.", "United States __knowledge__ The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population is New York City.", "United States __knowledge__ Forty-eight states and the capital's federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico." ] ]

[ 1, 6, 4 ]

[ "I waited tables for over 10 years. It's a job where you work at a restaurant or bar serving people.", "It was okay. I worked in different places, mostly a famous steak house. The Bureau of Labor Stats estimates that over 2.2 million people in the U.S. work as a waiter.", "There are many different tasks while waiting tables such as running food, cleaning tables, restocking working stations, and polishing silverware." ]

[ "Waiting staff", "Waiting staff", "Waiting staff" ]