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8c58b186-7831-4b12-8533-b1c89fcd5de6 | Pansprovided 5 Defective Fireplaces repaired 39 Defective Sashcords to Windows replaced 20 Defective Hot-water Tanks repaired β Old Drains repaired β Privies Converted to Earth Closets 9 Ventilation Shafts repaired 2 Sink Waste Pipes renewed 9 New Cesspools provided 2 Old Cesspools abolished 2 New Wells due 2 Defective Pointing to walls 42 Stair Cases repaired 2 New Covers to Inspection Chambers 1 New Window provided 1 W.C. Seats repaired 5 Foul Ditches cleansed 2 New Roof Guttering provided 18 Housing. Number of New Houses erected during the year 14 Number of New Houses as part of Municipal Scheme Nil During the year the Council have received sanction for the erection of a further 52 houses under the Housing Act, 1923, and Housing Financial Provisions Act, 1924, the work on which is now proceeding. Unfit Dwelling Houses. |
857fdb92-6aa3-4212-a408-bb690dc6d580 | Number of Houses inspected under housing (Inspection of District) Regulations, 1910 Nil Number of Houses found to be unfit for human habitation Nil Number of Houses found not to be in all respects reasonably fit for human habitation 31 13 Remedy of Defects Without Service of Formal Notice. Number of Houses rendered lit in consequence of informal action 22 Action Under Statutory Powers. Proceedings undeh Public Health Acts. (1) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which notices were served requiring defects to be remedied Nil (2) Number of dwelling houses in which defects were remedied:β (a) By Owners. Nil (b) By Local Authority in default of Owners Nil Proceedings under Section 28 of the Housing and Town Planning Act. |
659ecd49-cffe-4b04-bc6b-d129aadf7493 | (1) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which notices were served requiring repairs 6 (2) Number of dwelling houses rendered fit:β (a) By Owners 6 (b) By Local Authority in default of Owners Nil (3) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which Closing Orders became operative in pursuance of declaration by owners of intention to close Nil Proceedings under Section 17 and 18, Housing and Town Planning Act, 1909. (1) Number of representations made with a view to the making of Closing Orders 11 (2) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which Closing Orders were made Nil (3) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which Closing Orders were determined, the dwelling houses having been rendered fit Nil 14 (4) Number of dwelling houses in respect of which Demolition Orders were made Nil (5) Number of dwelling houses demolished in suance of Demolition Order Nil Dampness. This is dealt with as it arises in course of house-to-house inspection of the District. |
2400a33e-d4a0-4d54-b617-615750cac6e8 | DUMPS. The Sanitary Inspector and I have made many inspections, and although there is room for improvement I feel sure that the owners now realise their responsibility in the matter and are endeavouring to carry out the Bye-laws. It is very desirable that all dumping should cease, as there is no doubt that it is a source of serious discomfort to the neighbourhood. DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE. The effluent from the Sewers is treated at the Cowley Sewage Farm by broad irrigation after filtration treatment in Coke beds. This Sewage Farm is governed by a Joint Drainage Committee, as it receives Sewage from the Urban District of Yiewsley and part of the Rural District of Uxbridge. CLOSET ACCOMMODATION. |
755bb2b0-38d6-431b-b7f0-edac7629d899 | Practically all closets are connected to the main sewers excepting Little Britain and Stockley and the New Garden City Estate, which have cesspools; these are emptied in accordance with the Bye-laws and as far as practical with a Vacuum Cesspool Plant. HOUSE REFUSE COLLECTION. This is done weekly by the Council. Bake Houses. There are five in the area, and these are inspected regularly. There were 110 contraventions of the Factory Act reported during the year. 15 Slaughter Houses. There are five. These are kept clean and satisfactory. Cow Sheds. There is one Cowkeeper in the district. Dairies and Milkshops. There has been no defects. Premises and Occupations Controlled by Bye-Laws or Regulations. These compriseβ One offensive trade, viz.:β That of tallow melting and fat boiling. Factories and Workshops. The following is a list of the factories and workshops in the District. |
83d64ae2-e903-40d9-a98c-74b4b67a03ac | 3 Engineering Works. 3 Cycle Shops. 6 Plumbers. 2 Foundries. 6 Boot Repairers. 1 Engraver and Metal Worker. 1 Upholsterer. 1 Photographic Works. 2 Canal Boat Works. 1 Tallow Factory. 1 Smith 5 Bakehouses. 1 Wheelwright. Admiralty Engineering Lab., West 3 Milliners. Drayton. These have been inspected during the year and notices received from the Inspector of Factories were dealt with. HOUSING. 1. General Housing conditions in the District. 1. The Council's Housing Scheme is finished and the whole of the 258 houses occupied., e.g., 134 A Type, 16 Flats, 104 B Type and 4 C Type. |
b6ff3587-2661-4b78-9fe9-7b5520df30f7 | During the year the Council have obtained permission to add to their Housing Scheme a further 100 houses, 52 of which are in 16 course of erection, viz., 24 A Type, 28 B. Type. This will complete the scheme, as at present planned. . 2. Extent of Shortage of Houses. At present a considerable shortage exists. 2. Overcrowding. 1. Extent. The overcrowding cf bed rooms is frequent and many cottages are occupied by more than one family. In addition to the above a few houses have been erected by private enterprise. 3. Fitness of Houses. 1. (a) The General Standard of Houses is low. (b) The character of the existing defects consists of a general deterioration in the structural conditions of the older cottages and of excessive dampness. 2. Conditions so far as they affect housing as regards water supply, closet accommodation and refuse disposal. |
43224256-2fe3-4659-9d96-56d0251ac906 | The Water supply is good, closet accommodation generally adequate, and refuse disposal does not adversely affect the housing question. 4. Unhealthy Areas. No complaints were received nor representations made under Parts 1 and 2 of the Housing Act of 1890. I am, gentlemen, Yours obediently, JOHN EVANS, Medical Officer of Health. |
a1352c51-635f-4c80-82d1-103a9ab70ebc | * .. Yiewsley & W est Dray I on ITrhavi llistricl romicil ANNUAL KEPORT of the Medical Officer of Health 1 and Chief Public Health Inspector for the year 1961 PATRICK M. J. BOBBETT, M.A., M B.. B.ChB.A.O.. DP H. Medical Officer of Health (On Sick 1 eave from 8th February. 1961) Acting Medical Officer of Health L.. 1 KEENAN (From 9th February, 1%1) Chief Public Health Inspector A1 ["RED MAKIN. M.R.S.H., M.A.P.H.I Yiewsley & West Drayton Urban District council ANNUAL REPORT of the Medical Officer of Health and Chief Public Health Inspector for the year 1961 PATRICK M. J. BOBBETT, M.A., M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O., D.P.H. |
d256e13d-f7c5-4b0c-8446-1cab7d5a9b61 | Medical Officer of Health (On Sick Leave from 8th February, 1961) Acting Medical Officer of Health L. F. KEENAN (From 9th February, 1961) Chief Public Health Inspector ALFRED MAKIN, M.R.S.H., M.A.P.H.I. YIEWSLEY and WEST DRAYTON URBAN DISTRICT COUNCIL LIST OF MEMBERS MUNICIPAL YEAR 1961-62 Chairman Councillor Mrs. B. A. Beaumont Vice-Chairman Councillor Mrs. J. Gorman Members Councillor L. Barker T. Cluny β J. T. Croly W. W. Daniell A. H. C. Dilley T. Earnshaw β Mrs. D. K. E. Eggleton β R. Foote H. Hessey Mrs. |
4b949b8a-a771-45e5-b51b-f8f1e5f81589 | R. M. Hollis A. E. G. Maynard β S. J. Orme β R. Perry β C. W. G. Rackstraw A. v. Redwood T. C. Sharpe β T. Snowden β S. F. G. Walker β J. E. H. Wilkins β W. Wilson 3 PUBLIC HEALTH COMMITTEE Chairman Councillor S. J. Orme Vice-Chairman Councillor T. Cluny Members Councillor Mrs. B. A. Beaumont J. T. Croly W. W. Daniell T. Earnshaw R. Foote Mrs. J. Gorman β Mrs. |
0f35a0da-2aa3-4517-adfe-766d9a0e2eee | R. M. Hollis A. E. G. Maynard R. Perry S. F. G. Walker HOUSING COMMITTEE Chairman Councillor T. Snowden Vice-Chairman Councillor J. T. Croly Members The Committee is composed of all members of the Council 4 PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENT STAFF Medical Officer of Health Patrick M. J. Bobbett, M.A., M.B.. B.Ch.. B.A.O., D.P.H. (On Sick Leave from 8.2.61) Acting Medical Officer of Health Laurence F. Keenan (Commencing from 9.2.61) Chief Public Health Inspector Alfred Makin, M.R.Soc.H., M.A.P.H.I. Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate, Liverpool University Deputy Chief Public Health Inspector Thomas Marshall. M.A.P.H.I. |
3f3c8896-abdf-44cf-ac08-c848c2844bb5 | Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector s Certificate Certificate of the Institute of Sanitary Engineers Certificate of the R.S.H. in Sanitary Science as applied to Buildings and Public Works Additional Public Health Inspectors Seth Maher Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate Certificate of the R.S.H. in Sanitary Science as applied to Buildings and Public Works Diploma of the Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygiene in Advanced Hygience Anthony E. Canovan Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate Diploma in Bacteriology, Battersea Polytechnic David G. Coombes (Appointed Junior Additional Public Health Inspector 18.7.61) Public Health Inspector's Certificate Administrative Assistant and-Secretary Mrs. C. Taylor Clerical Assistants Mrs. P. M. Steele, Miss A. Lawrence 5 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH FOR 1961 Puplic Health Department, Drayton Hall, West Drayton. |
d02f8f07-5042-4769-a81e-be32cc5ce8c5 | November, 1962. To: The Chairman and Members of the Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District Council. Madam Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, I have the honour to submit my report for the year ending 31st December, 1961, and I trust that it will give you some idea of the work carried out in the department during the year under review. As you are aware, that following my operation in February, I was away on sick leave for the remainder of the year and I wish to take this opportunity to record my thanks to the Chairman and members of the Council for their kind consideration and for the many nice letters and messages of good will received. Dr. L. F. Keenan acteslas temporary Medical Officer of Health during my absence and 1 would like to express my thanks to him for his trouble and for the good work he performed. |
f7b67f20-6cad-413a-ad94-9e4c46672438 | The mid-year population as estimated by the Registrar General was 23,660, an increase of 320 on last year and the first increase of the estimated population for a few years. The estimated number of inhabited dwellings rose to 6,865 an increase of 438 on 1960. Deaths from all causes totalled 190, giving ar. adjusted death rate of 11.56 per 1,000 population. Live births totalled 456 equal to an adjusted birth rate of 17.3 per 1.000 population. There were no Maternal Deaths. Infantile (Neo-Natal) deaths numbered three and two of these were for extreme Prematurity and the other was due to Haemorrhagic Disease. In general the health of the area was good. There was a mild epidemic of measles, mostly from the under 10 year old group, and 628 cases were notified. 6 Apart from Measles there were very few cases of notifiable disease. |
1274874f-5ee0-4e25-9d9f-a97967455a23 | No cases of Diphtheria or Poliomyelitis were notified and only eight cases of Food Poisoning, all isolated cases, for which no cause could he traced. The principal cause of death was Coronary disease and Anginaβ 47 cases. Total number of deaths from Cancer was 37, of which 11 were Lung Cancer. 8 males and 3 females. Infantile deaths (under 1 year) numbered 10. including the three NeoNatal deaths mentioned above and two cases of Congenital Heart diseaseβ the remaining deaths were due to Pneumonia or Pneumonitis. Pulmonary Tuberculosis caused three deaths. The progress of rehousing families from Clearance Areas and Unfit Houses continues. The first Smoke Control Area in the district came into operation on 1st December, 1960, and Area No. 2 on 1st December, 1961. In regard to Health Education. |
8df81b0e-a988-4e7f-950c-e63684a477d1 | Members of the Public Health Department continue to give lectures to various Organisations and posters are displayed concerning the various aspects of Health Education and also regarding Road Safety. London Airport continues to increase and it is not easy to realise the amount of time and work our Public Health Staff have to cope with on varying duties. In conclusion I wish to thank our Chief Public Health Inspector, Mr. Makin. his deputy, Mr. Marshall and all members of the Public Health Staff for their loyalty and assistance. I also wish to express my thanks to the Clerk of the Council, Mr. Boote and Mr. Bradford for their kindness during my sick absence. 7 SECTION A Area in acres 5,276 Total population 1961 (midsummer) (estimated by the Registrar General) 23,660 Estimated number of inhabited dwellings 6,865 Rateable Value (31st March. |
8138c914-b4ba-4a7c-a09f-0ad02e14e6b4 | 1961) Β£828,340 Product of the Penny Rate 1961/62 Β£3,781 11 2 VITAL STATISTICS LIVE BIRTHS: Male Female Total Legitimate 211 213 424 Illegitimate 24 8 32 235 221 456 Live Birth Rate per 1,000 estimated population (adjusted): 1961: 17.3 * β β β β β β 1960: 14.94* County of Middlesex: 1961: 16.3 *These figures have been adjusted from 19.27 and 16.9 by the Registrar's Comparability Factor of .90. Percentage of Illegitimate Births to total live births = 7.01. |
46304740-e4d0-4afe-ab4a-3e3342cf2474 | STILL BIRTHS: Mole Female Total Legitimate 3 3 6 Illegitimate 3 3 6 Rate per 1,900 (live and still) births (adjusted): 1961: 17.55 β β β β β I960: 15.28 These figures have been adjusted from 19.5 and 16.9 by the Registrar's Comparability factor of .09. Still birth rate per 1,000 population: 1961: .25 1960: .29 8 DEATHS : Male Female Total 110 80 190 Death rate per 1,000 estimated population (adjusted): 1961: 11.56* 1960: 12.38 County of Middlesex: 1961 10.8 *This figure has been adjusted from 8.03 by the use of the Registrar's Comparability Factor of 1.44. INFANTILE MORTALITY Deaths of Infants under one year. |
9f3d9c3d-a8a1-49f5-8b8c-fb2aaa0f4540 | Male Female Total Legitimate 6 4 10 Illegitimate 6 4 10 Death rate of infants under one year : 1960 1961 All infants per 1.000 live births 25.3 21.9 Legitimate infants per 1.000 live births 26.52 23.5 Illegitimate infants per 1.000 live births NEO-NATAL DEATHS: (under four weeks of age) Male Female Total Legitimate 2 1 3 Illegitimate 2 1 3 Death rate per 1.000 live births 6.57 EARLY NEO-NATAL DEATHS: (under one week) Male Female Total Legitimate 2 1 3 Illegitimate 2 1 3 Death rate per 1,000 live births 6.57 PERINATAL MORTALITY: (still births and deaths of infants under one week) Male Female Total Legitimate 5 4 9 Illegitimate - - Death rate per 1, |
c89bc658-94ef-4534-8357-3c92ca45b797 | 000 live and still births 19.4 MATERNAL MORTALITY: Deaths from Puerperal Sepsis Nil Deaths from Abortion Nil Deaths from other Puerperal causes Nil Maternal Mortality Rale per 1,000 births 1961 Nil 1960 Nil County of Middlesex 1961 0.38 10 CAUSE OF DEATH Male Female Total I960 All causes 110 80 190 202 Tuberculosis, respiratory 2 1 3 - Tuberculosis, other - - - - Syphilitic disease - - - Whooping Cough - - - - Diphtheria - - - - Acute Poliomyelitis - - - - Measles - - - - Other infestive and parasitic disease - - - - Malignant Neoplasm, stomach 6 1 7 2 Malignant Neoplasm, lung, bronchus 8 3 11 7 Malignant Neoplasm, |
19827f3a-5676-4653-b3b2-d89b837b2930 | breast - 7 7 7 Maligant Neoplasm, uterus - - - - Other malignant and lymphatic neoplasms 9 3 12 20 Diabetes 1 - 1 2 Leukaemia 1 2 3 1 Vascular lesions of nervous system 9 13 22 76 Coronary diseases, angina 18 8 26 47 Hypertension with heart disease 3 2 5 7 Other heart disease 13 14 27 18 Other circulatory diseases 4 3 7 6 Influenza 1 - 1 3 Pneumonia 6 4 10 7 Bronchitis 13 4 17 7 Ulcer of stomach and duodenum 1 2 3 1 Gastritis, |
bc4cff17-3b43-4f2c-bdae-7b803cfd73c6 | enteritis and diarrhoea - - - - Nephritis and Nephrosis 1 - 1 - Congenital Malformation 1 1 2 5 Other defined and ill-defined diseases 4 6 10 19 Hyperplasia of Prostrate 1 - 1 - Motor Vehicle Accidents 3 1 4 6 All other accidents 3 3 6 3 Pregnancy, childbirth, abortion - - - - Suicide 1 1 2 4 Other disease of respiratory system 1 1 2 2 11 SECTION B LABORATORY FACILITIES Dr. Wood, the Director of the Public Health Laboratory at Reading has continued to carry out bacteriological examinations of specimens from this area and during the year has been responsible for examining samples of food imported through London Airport. |
20334bea-7554-4cd5-8ba6-4cc5547b5e9c | The Central Public Health Laboratory atcolindale have also undertaken work in connection with the analysis of food imported into this Country, via London Airport, as most of the imported food arriving at London Docks is also examined by this Laboratory. Reference to work done in connection with this matter can be seen in the chapter on London Airport. MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE The responsibility for this service is with the Middlesex County Council and the Medical Officer of Area 8 i.e. the area in which this Urban District is situated, is Dr. O. C. Dobson. There are two clinics in the district, one at 20, High Street, Yiewsley and one in Harmondsworth. There is also a mobile clinic which operates in the Urban District. MASSAGE ESTABLISHMENTS The Council maintain a register of these establishments operating in the Urban District and the three establishments have been inspected during the year and have had their licences renewed. |
c1504e54-323f-4199-9481-438aa46d6bfb | 12 SECTION C PREVALENCE OF, AND CONTROL OVER, INFECTIOUS AND OTHER DISEASES. Cases of Infectious Diseases (other than Tuberculosis) notified during the year 1961. Under 1 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5-9 years 10-14 years 15-25 years 25 & over Age Un- known No. Notified (a1l ages) Scarlet Fever β β β. |
a6e7362d-7f7c-4398-b2f7-dc8f291d2d41 | 1 3 4 β β β - 8 Whooping Cough 2 3 1 3 7 β 1 β β β 12 Poliomyelitis (Non-paralytic) - - - - - - - - - - - Poliomyelitis (paralytic) β β β - - - - - - - - Measles 8 66 74 86 85 98 3 2 2 4 628 Diphtheria - - - - - - - - - - - Dysentery β β β β β β β β 1 β 1 Meningococcal Infection β β β β β β β β 1 β 1 Under 5 5-14 years 15-44 years 45-64 years 65 &. |
944b3fac-b95f-4291-9995-559ddb2a5447 | over Age Unknown Total Acute Pneumonia - - - - 1 1 β β 1 β 3 Smallpox - - - - - - - - - - - Acute Encephalitis (infective) - - - - - - - - - - - Acute Encephalitis (post-infectous) - - - - β β β β β β β Enteric or Typhoid Fever - - - - - - - - - - β Paratyphoid Fevers - - - - - β β β β β β Erysipelas - - - - β β β β β β β Food Poisoning - - - - 5 β 3 β β β 8 13 TUBERCULOSIS : ANALYSIS OF NEW CASES AND MORTALITY DURING 1961 (LOCAL RECORDS) NEW CASES DEATHS Respiratory NonRespiratory Respiratory NonRespiratory Age (yrs.) |
73caa7eb-78a5-4367-99fe-c7e1da2b52da | M F M F M F M F Under 5 - - - - - - - - 5-14 β 1 β β β β β β 15-24 3 2 1 β β β β β 25-44 3 3 β β β β β β 45-64 2 2 - - - - - - 65 and over - - - - - - - - Age Unknown 1 β - β β β - β Total 9 8 1 β β β - - Number of eases remaining on the Register: Respiratory: 221 Non-Respiratory: 37 I am. Ladies and Gentlemen, Youi obedient servant. Patrick M. J. Bobbett, Medical Officei of Health. 14 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF PUBLIC HEALTH INSPECTOR FOR THE YEAR 1961 November, 1962. To: The Chairman and Members of the Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District Council. |
38ccdb02-629b-43b9-af4a-3893c55e37a2 | Madam Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, 1 have pleasure in submitting my report for the year 1961 and must apologise lor the delay in its presentation. Members will appieciate that owing to the absence of Mrs. Taylor, through illnessβ who I am now pleased to report is back at workβ the clerical staff have been seriously handicapped, fn addition clerical assistance has had to be given at the weighbridge office owing to difficulties there There is nothing spectacular to report for the period under ieview but steady progress has been made in all aspects of the work as will be noted from the various sections of the report. I am most grateful to the members of the staff of the department, particularly my deputy, Mr. T. Marshall, for their loyalty and assistance and also to the Clerk of the Council, the Engineer and Surveyor and Tieasurer and their staff for their co-operation with me. |
f5eae995-591a-40de-a06f-b94b10442fba | SECTION D WATER SUPPLY Water is supplied by the Rickmansworth and Uxbridge Valley Water Company and typical bacteriological and chemical examination results are shown. It is such a pity in this day and age, when science has shown us all modern marvels of invention, that some means could not be found to soften the water supplied to this area, which although described as moderateiy hard, gives one the sensation of being very hard. Hot water boilers and hot water systems have to be defurred in as little as 2 to 3 years after installation in this area and the Council plumbers are engaged more or less all the time on work involved with cleaning and defurring boilers, pipes and storage tanks connected with hot water systems. 15 BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION Location Type Residua1 Chlorine p.p.m. Colonies per ml 2 days Colonies per ml 3 days Bact. |
36c52d0f-b875-42ed-ae6f-75a7ddb345d5 | coli (Type 1) Probable number per 100 ml Presumptive Coliacrogencs Probable number per 100 ml West Drayton P.S. Treated water .15 0 2 0 0 Remarks : This water conforms to the highest standard of bacterial purity. CHEMICAL EXAMINATION Location . West Drayton Pumping Station Raw or Treated Treated Colour Nil Hazen Chloride (CI) 19 p.p.m. Turbidity (Si02) Nil p.p.m. Alkalinity (CaCO3) 235 p.p.m. Odour Nil Hardness (CaC03) Carbonate 305 p.p.m. T aste Normal Non-Carbonate Nil p.p.m. Ph 7.3 Total 205 p.p.m. Electrical Conductivity (20Β° C) 480 Residual Chlorine (Cl2) .12 p.p.m. Total Solids (180oc) 315 p p.m. |
05657eee-5ec3-4b28-bfba-21d3dce99704 | Copper .02 p.p.m. Nitrate (N) Nil p.p.m. Iron .02 p.p.m. Nitrite (N) .039 p.p.m. Zinc Nil p.p.m. Ammonia (N) .168 p.p.m. Albuminoid Nitrogen (N) Nil p.p.m. Remarks . This water is moderately hard in character and contains no excess of mineral or saline constituents. It conforms to the highest standard of organic quality. 16 GENERAL SANITARY CONDITIONS Refuse Collection and Disposal There has been no change in these services from those reported in the report for 1960 and both collection and disposal has continued to be operated in a satisfactory manner. |
536d4793-9965-48f3-882a-2d804cb813c8 | 17 The table showing costs for Refuse Collection and Refuse Disposal for the Year ended 31st March, 1962, is below : β Item Particulars Collection Costs Disposal Costs Total Conservancy Total (All services) A Gross Expenditure 18970 0 0 51909 19 9 70879 19 9 3865 13 11 74745 13 8 B Gross Income 9356 8 9 76587 0 6 85943 9 3 2252 3 9 88195 13 0 C Net Cost 9613 11 3 β β 1613 10 2 β Net Income β 24677 0 9 15063 9 6 β 13449 19 4 D UNIT COSTS. |
e1bcff4c-8193-4934-94a0-010ef0574132 | Nett Cost per 1,000 population 406 6 5 1402 19 8 Credit 636 13 Credit 3 68 3 11 568 9 4 Credit E Nett Cost per 1,000 houses and premises 1149 19 0 2951 16 0 Credit 1801 17 Credit 0 193 0 1 1608 16 11 Credit F Nett cost equivalent rate in the pound 2.54 6.52 Credit 3.98 Credit 0.43 3.55 Credit 1. PopulationβMidsummer, 1961 23,660 2. Number of houses and premises 8,360 3. Product of Penny Rate Β£3,781 11 2 4. |
ad863e4a-1247-4d79-89af-16cebc2446e5 | Total rate in the Pound (including County and Police Rate) 16 10 18 SUMMARY OF INSPECTIONS AND ADMINISTRATIVE DUTIES GENERAL SANITATION Water Supply 48 Drainage 105 Stables and Piggeries 17 Fried Fish Shops 5 Tents, Vans and Sheds 181 Canal Boats 2 Factories 146 Workshops 5 Workplaces 13 Outworkers 35 Bakehouses 8 Public Conveniences 33 Licensed Premises 36 Refuse Collection 40 Refuse Disposal 103 Rats and Mice 210 Atmospheric Pollution 442 Schools 18 Shops 14 Miscellaneous Sanitary Visits 281 Petroleum 60 Clean Air 107 Buffer Depot 42 HOUSING: Under Public Health Act: No. of Houses inspected 101 Visits paid to above houses 326 Under Housing Acts: No. of houses inspected 177 Visits paid to above houses 200 19 Overcrowding No. |
bb023db5-7630-415a-92e9-7d3539d601ff | of houses inspected 6 Visits paid to above houses 1 Filthy or Verminous Premises: No. of houses inspected 12 Visits paid to above houses 18 iVliscellaneous housing visits 393 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Inquiries in cases of I.D. |
0d9b2d04-6a7c-40c2-a939-5d51a9442a25 | 23 Visits re : disinfection 1 Miscellaneous infectious disease visits 130 MEAT AND FOOD INSPECTION Inspection of Meat: Visits to Slaughterhouse 461 Visits to shops and stalls 7 Total Meat inspection visits 3 Visits to: Bakeries 1 Butchers 65 Canteens 96 Dairies and milk distributors 2 Fishmongers and poulterers 10 Food Preparing premises 63 Grocers 104 Greengrocers and Fruiterers 25 Ice-cream premises 7 Market Stalls 1 Restaurants 27 Street vendors and Hawkers carts 4 20 visits in connection with sampling Milkβ Bacteriological 5 Ice cream 1 Food and Drugs samples 7 Miscellaneous food visits 58 London Airport 334 Licensed premises 25 NOTICES SERVED No. of nuisances found 49 No. of nuisances abated 24 No. of verbal notices served 24 No. of verbal notices complied with 22 No. |
3ead8af4-d8a2-4239-a376-7be85610aaec | of Informal notices served 21 No. of Informal notices complied with 26 No. of Statutory notices served 9 No. of Statutory notices complied with 13 21 DEFECTS REMEDIED AND IMPROVEMENTS EFFECTED Dwelling Houses: Roofs: repaired or renewed 21 External walls : Pointed or rendered 11 External walls : brickwork rebuilt Chimney stacks, repaired or rebuilt 9 Gutters cleared, repaired or renewed 11 Rainwater pipes cleared, repaired or renewed 8 External painting carried out 1 Yards and passages repaired or drained 2 Ceilings repaired or renewed 3 Wallplaster repaired or renewed 7 Floors repaired or renewed 11 Windows repaired or renewed 48 Sashcords renewed 16 Doors repaired or renewed Ceilings cleansed or redecorated 1 Woodwork repainted 2 Firegrates renewed or repaired 4 Sinks: Defective ones renewed 4 Sinks: Waste pipes repaired, |
5ac330d1-4053-448a-b8e2-81aa9871538a | renewed or trapped 11 Repairs to water supplies 3 Miscellaneous defects remedied 43 Drainage: Choked drains cleared 244 Old drains repaired 1 Inspection chambers repaired - Other defects remedied 2 Water Closets: Flushing cisterns repaired or renewed 7 Pans renewed 2 Other defects remedied 4 Dustbins: New provided 12 22 RODENT CONTROL During the past year Rodent Control continued to operate satisfactory. Statistics relating to this important function are given below. TYPE OF PROPERTY Local Authority Dwelling Houses Agricultural All other properties including business Total 1. Number of properties in Local Authority's District 36 6749 18 1598 8383 2. Number of properties inspected as a result of: (a) Notification 28 183 β 40 251 (b) Survey under the Act . β 42 β β 42 (c) Otherwise (e.g. when visited primarily for some other purpose) - - - - - 3. |
cfd96661-4e74-4d5d-b895-038452718ceb | Total inspections carried out including re-inspections. (To be completed only if figures are readily available) 50 222 - 41 313 4. Number of properties inspected (in Sec. 11) which were found to be infested by : - - - - - (Major) 7 β β β 7 (a) Rats (Minor) 21 192 - 35 248 (Major) β β β β β (b) Mice (Minor) 4 29 - 4 37 5. Number of infested properties (in Sec. IV) treated by the L.A. 32 221 - 39 292 6. Total treatments carried out β including re-treatments 58 226 - 35 319 7. Number of notices served under section 4 of the Act: (a) Treatment β β β β β (b) Structural Work (i.e. |
c20b72cf-90b2-4dce-9643-6fdc5530e34a | Proofing - - - - - 23 Local Authority Dwelling Houses Agricultural All other properties including business Total 8. Number of cases in which default action was taken following the issue of a notice under Section 4 of the Act - - - - - 9. Legal Proceedings β β β β β 10. Number of "Block" control schemes carried out β 26 β 2 28 Once again I report to you on the question of rodent control in your district. This mundane duty as before, includes the bi-annual treatment of sewers in the district by a specialist firm who treat pre-selected points throughout the area. It is considered essential that a cross section of the whole district is treated on each occasion and once again a former notorious black spot in the system showed a nil return. A good dividend for the money spent. It must be appreciated that much slaughter goes on without direct visible evidence as a result of this specialised sewer treatment. |
03531f6c-10c1-4120-b1d4-375398ec6b08 | As this report is being prepared a treatment of the district is about lo commence. It is not possible to eliminate the rat population entirely and therefore the watchword at all times is vigilance. I am pleased to say that the general level of infestation throughout the district remains low and routine maintenance of the banks of the Duke of Northumberland river is still carried out on behalf of the Middlesex County Council. As before, it is a matter of satisfaction to inform you that no statutory action was necessary in any case of infestation during the year; this speaks well of the co-operation that takes place between the general public and the department. In the matter of rodent control it appears Mr. Citizen is as anxious as the Local Authority that any contravention be dealt with speedily. As a matter of routine control strict watch, has continued and is being maintained on your tips. Much attention is given to this matter at all times. |
8fa44ad1-3bd9-4093-a1ba-99938f0571c5 | Clearly, any laxity in this direction would quickly result in a serious public health menace arising. Durng the year under review the service has functioned efficiently and all complaints have been dealt with as quickly as possible. 24 FOOD INSPECTIONS Regular inspections of all food premises were carried out during 1961 most being inspected on at least two occasions. In cases where unsatisfactory conditions were discovered additional visits were made. No of Shops. Inspections. |
5b39d207-37bf-423c-a15d-3ace564c8443 | Grocers 45 104 Cafes, Restaurants, Snack Bars and Canteens 43 123 Greengrocers 18 25 Sweet Shops and Ice Cream Premises 26 33 Confectionery and Bread 4 6 Fried Fish and Chip Shops 6 5 Butchers 22 65 Public Houses and Oif-Licences 25 25 Chemists 7 7 Bakehouses 4 8 OTHER FOOD INSPECTIONS Fishmongers and Poulterer 10 Street Hawkers and Traders 4 Ministry of Food, Buffer Depot 42 Imported Food. London Airport 334 Ice Cream Samples 1 Water Samples 3 Milk Samples 9 Miscellaneous Food Visits 58 New certificates of registration were granted to three premises during the year for the sale and storage of ice-cream. The total number of premises registered for the manufacture of preserved foods is 19 and the total number of premises registered for the sale of ice-cream is 63. |
92a6f087-50c6-493a-8d35-5e4c357b0c2d | Four mobile vehicles are registered under the Middlesex County Council Act for the sale of ice-cream. FACTORIES 1. Inspection of Factories: Premises No. on Register No of Inspections No. of Written Notices No. oj Prosecutions 1. Factories in which Sections 1-4 and 6 are to be enforced by L.A. 14 4 β β 2. Factories not included in Section 1 in which Section 7 is enforced by L.A 150 79 4 - 3. Other premises in which Section 7 is enforced by L.A. (excluding Outworkers premises) - - - - Total: 164 83 4 β 2. Defects found in Factories: Particulars Number of cases in which defects were found Number of cases in which prosecutions were institued Found Remedied Referred To H.M. Inspector By H.M. |
1f7a6251-8900-4ef8-8345-32f4d066b18e | Inspector (i) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) l. Want of cleanliness β 1 - β β 2. Inadequate ventilation 2 2 β - - 3. Sanitary conveniences: (a) Insufficient - - β - - (b) Unsuitable or defective - - - β β (c) Not separate for sexes - - - - - Other offences against the Act (no including offences relating to outwork) t 1 - Total: 3 3 β - β 3. Outworkers: There are 80 outworkers, all of which were visited during the year. Conditions were found to be satisfactory in every case. 26 SECTION E HOUSING The total number of visits and inspections of dwelling houses in connection with complaints and other matters was 1,234. Unfit houses made fit and houses in which defects were remedied: By owner By Local Authority 1. |
c574b4a0-d10d-4282-9a20-ce231a8cc1d2 | After informal action by Local Authority 15 - 2. After formal noticc under (a) Public Health Act 1936 10 1 (b) Housing Act 1957 2 - Unfit Houses Closed: No. of houses closed under Housing Act - - Unfit Houses Demolished: No. of houses demolished pursuant to Section 17 of the Housing Act 1957 5 - SLUM CLEARANCE The Council's second fivo year programme for slum clearance involved 68 houses. 5 areas, comprising 36 houses, were submitted to the Ministry of Housing and Local Government for confirmation and no doubt in next year's report further action will be reported. 27 RENT ACT 1957 Part IβApplications for Certificates of Disrepair. |
3f611cbf-9910-471d-a20f-d57ba11361f1 | (1) Number of applications for certificates 1 (2) Number of decisions not to issue certificates - (3) Number of decisions to issue certificates 1 (a) In respect of some but not all defects 1 (b) In respect of all defects - (4) Number of undertakings given by landlords under paragraph 5 of the First Schedule 1 (5) Number of undertakings refused by Local Authority under proviso to paragraph 5 of the First Schedule - (6) Number of certificates issued - Part IIβApplications for Cancellation of Certificates. |
8478bcbe-66bf-425c-ab6b-87250808371e | (7) Application by landlords to Local Authority for cancellation of certificates - (8) Objections by tenants to cancellation of certificates - (9) Decisions by Local Authority to cancel in spite of tenant's objection - (10) Certificates cancelled by Local Authority - Housing (Financial Provisions) Act 1958 House Purchase and Housing Act 1959 Housing Act 1961 During the year 7 standard and 3 discretionary grant applications for Improvement Grants were received and the Council agreed to contribute financial aid as follows:β Total cost of approved work was (a) for Standard Grant Β£515 0 0 (b) Discretionary Grant Β£1356 10 0 Total payment made or to be (a) for Standard Grant Β£445 0 0 made by Local Authority (b) Discretionary Grant Β£1012 0 0 28 SECTION F FOOD HYGIENE The work of securing hygienic conditions in food premises has been maintained and generally speaking the conditions under which food is prepared and sold in the Urban District is extremely good. |
429d116d-af0c-40df-b748-7af85c50a379 | Food Inspections: The following table shows the amount of food condemned during the year under review, but does not include meat condemned at the Slaughter house. Lbs. Ozs. Lbs. Ozs. |
0638d7cf-45e9-4de6-8bd5-b490d7d28738 | Apricots 5 9 Jellied Veal 12 0 Baked Beans 1 10 Oranges 7 10 Beef 68 6 Pig Tongues 16 0 Biscuits 7 4 Pork Luncheon Meat 20 8 Carrots 1 3 Peaches 47 8 Cheese 1 3 Pears 9 11 Chicken 90 0 Peas 2 6 Cocoanut mallows 40 0 Pigs Kidneys (Frozen) 12 8 Cooked Ham 43 5 Pineapples 17 12 Corned Beef 14 10 Salmon 4 14 Cream 1 2 Steak & Kidney Pies 2 0 Evaporated Milk 8 14 Tomatoes 19 2 Jams 33 4 Turkey 108 0 Ice Cream: 6 ice-cream samples were taken during the year under review, and the results of these, which were satisfactory, are shown in the provision grade below:β Grade No. |
a1605b65-b15f-4249-8565-c7971f0cdf93 | of samples (Ice-cream) 1 6 2 β 3 - 4 - 29 SLAUGHTERING AND MEAT INSPECTION By the 1st April, 1961, most of the regulations which had to be complied with at the Slaughterhouse of Messrs. R. T. Kirby Ltd., 143, High Street, Yiewsley, had, in fact, been done, and Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Inspectors had reviewed the improvements and expressed their approval. What works were outstanding on 1.4.61 were completed before the close of the year. Meat inspection can now be carried out in much better and enlarged surroundings with adequate natural and artificial lighting being available. A new floor was constructed and the walls rendered in cement mortar. For the humane slaughter of animals a new Stunning pen was fitted for the first time. |
60db81a9-d511-4109-8ade-0c6913c0d316 | A system of overhead hanging and runner rails was fitted, and this greatly facilitates the movement of hanging carcases from the Slaughterhall to the cooling and inspection hall. Your Council's Public Health Inspectors carried out 100% inspection of all animals killed and continued to operate the Deadweight Certification Scheme for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. The number of pigs weighed and graded totalled 2,876 and the income to the Council was Β£93 12s. 6d. From a total number of 5,980 animals inspected, it was necessary to condemn 19 cwts. 2 qrs. 2 lbs. of pork, beef, mutton and veal, which was diseased and unfit for consumption. All condemned meat was coloured with an approved dye and sent by arrangement to a local factory for use as a fertiliser. |
77440598-dd76-4674-b93f-e9f7e7ee4f06 | When bacteriological examinations have been required, in order to confirm the Inspectors judgment on a carcase, this has been carried out by the Director of the Pathological Laboratory at Hillingdon Hospital and once more I am grateful for his assistance. Carcases and Offal inspected and condemned in whole or in part: Cattle excluding Cows Cows Calves Sheep and lambs Pigs Horses Number killed (if known) 342 51 171 817 4599 - All diseases except Tuberculosis and Cystercerci. Whole carcases condemned - - 1 - 4 - Carcases of which some part or organ was condemned 25 5 - 8 201 - Percentage of the number inspected affected with disease other than Tuberculosis and Cystercerci 7.3% 9.8% .58% .97% 4. |
7c4770bb-7e3d-432d-8344-964af9e2a9eb | 3% - 30 Cattle excluding Cows Cows Calves Sheep and Lambs Pigs Horses Tuberculosis only:β Whole carcase condemned - - - - - - Carcase of which some part or organ was condemned 1 - - - 14 - Percentage of the number inspected affected with Tuberculosis 29% - - - .31% - Cystercercosis: Carcases of which some part or organ was condemned - - - - - - Carcases submitted to treatment by refrigeration - - - - - - Generalised and totally condemned - - - - - - BUFFER DEPOT, HARMONDS WORTH The Inspection of canned meats continued throughout the year at Buffer Depot I I L, Harmondsworth. 15 tons 17 cwts 2 qrs. 12 lbs. of meat was inspected involving 13,629 tins. |
403fcf1e-d1a5-43b4-89ef-306f6d9b2a7a | 31 FOOD AND DRUGS ACT 1955 The Chief Officer of the Public Control Department, Middlesex County Council has supplied the following information regarding works carried out by his department. Samples procured in Yiewsley and West Drayton during the year 196I. Article Total Samples Procured Unsatisfactory Milk (various) 8 1 Milk (new) 10 - Butter 15 - Cream 4 - Drugs 3 - Fruit (fresh and canned) 16 - Fish and fish products 12 1 Ice Cream 4 - Liver 3 - Meat and Meat Products 11 - Sausages 4 - Vinegar and N.B.C. |
9967cd04-70f4-43bf-9423-d0ac1cb7814e | 11 - Wine and Spirits 6 - Miscellaneous 13 - T otaIs 120 2 The following comments are added in connection with the Food and Drugs Act 1955:β Merchandise Marks Acts, 1887-1953 Most of the inspection work carried out under the provisions ot the above Acts is to ensure that the requirements of the various Marking Orders (which relate to the indication of the country of origin of certain goods) are properly observed. Visits of inspection were made lo one hundred and six premises in your district and two hundred and sixty-nine stacks and displays were examined. Only minor infringements, in respect of which the Inspector concerned issued a verbal warning, were detected. The Labelling of Food Order 1953 This Order requires pre-packed food to be marked wilh the name and address of the packer or labeller (or with a registered trade mark); and also to bear on the label its common or usual name together with a list of 32 the ingredients of which it is composed. |
a2bd1836-6c2d-4fb8-a181-5161163cf64d | The Order also controls the manner in which the presence cf vitamins and minerals are disclosed. Sixty premises were visited and three hundred and fifty-nine articles were examined. No infringements were detected. Safe Milk A sample of raw milk procured in your area was tested for the presence of tubercle bacilli. It was found to be satisfactory. Eighteen samples of pasteurised or sterilised milk were procured and tested for proper processing and sixteen inspections of premises were made to ensure that miik is kept under satisfactory conditions. Nine licences under the Milk (Spec;al Designation) Regulations 1960 were issued by the County Council. Advertising and Labelling Infringements In addition to the volume of work carried out in Yiewsley and West Drayton many of the samples procured in other parts of the County are foodstuffs and drugs nationally retailed, and this has the effect of protecting the residents of Yiewsley and West Draylon as well as the rest of the County. |
c4cc4944-90d8-48a6-b21c-012f0a9eefb8 | I summarize below examples of such samples on which action has been taken in 1961. The manufacturer of a non-alcoholic wine was challenged on the ground that the description was a contraduction in terms and the label was amended to "non-alcoholic beverages". The importer of a slimming food was challenged on claims made in advertising literature as to the vitamin concentration claimed to be present, and the literature was subsequently corrected. A manufacturer's claim of slimming properties for "reducing perles" was challenged and the product was withdrawn. The claim relied on the presence of purgatives and bladder wrack. The slimming claim made for a lemon juice in a television advertisement was modified after the manufacturer had been challenged as to the efficiency of the product as a slimming agent. |
ec21fa90-f101-4cf5-a11f-e9f7247f7e4f | A label on butter "The Creamiest of Butters" was withdrawn after the manufacturer was challenged on the ground that the butter contained' about 82% of fat, not "The Creamiest of Butters" which would be nearer 88% of fat. A "Rum and Butter" candy which contained no rum was objected to. and was re-labelled " Rum Flavour and Butter Candy". An importer was advised that cod caviar was a false description, caviar being the roe of the sturgeon. A sample of cream cheese of Scottish origin was found on analysis to contain 41% of butter fat, this is below the standard of 50% set by several 33 Middlesex Courts. The manufacturer agreed to increase the butter fat content of his cheese to conform to this standard. Another manufacturer was advised that "Mushroms in Creamed Sauce" would be a misleading description because butter fat was absent. |
a7c304ad-f35e-4949-8329-0d8935898ea6 | A sample of breakfast food which had been procured for analysis was claimed to be "Real Banana Flavour". The flavouring used was in fact artificial. When this was pointed out to the manufacturer he modified the original statement and removed the suggestion that real banana was present. The manufacturer of starch reduced potato crisp agreed to amend the label of his product when challenged on the ground that starch was reduced by only 5% as compared with samples of ordinary potato crisps and that therefore the claim "starch reduced" was misleading. There was one instance of a butter not properly labelled with a prescribed indication of origin; the manufacturer corrected the labels as soon as the infringement was brought to his attention. 34 SECTION G GENERAL PUBLIC HEALTH GYPSIES AND DIDlCOITS The problem of dealing with these itinerants presented itself again on many occasions throughout the year. |
08cd9bc4-2fb0-45c9-b98f-d88e8f71b574 | How despairing this problem has become when the policy adopted to βget rid of themβ from your own district and move them on elsewhere is quite negative and offers no solution at all. These people are some of the thousands which modern civilisation has either forgotten or does not think as important as rockets or sputniks. They are Society's human cast-offs, Society's flotsom. There is only one solution. They must be absorbed into our Society by being housed decently, so that the next generation of children will not perpetuate this unfortunate way of life. This Council has been willing to shoulder its share of the problem if only other local Authorities would do the same. SMOKE CONTROL AREAS Smoke Control Area No. 2 came into operation on the 1st December. 1961, and by that time the necessary information had been submitted to the Ministry of Housing and Local Government for the approval of Smoke Control Area No. |
b6bb788a-761b-4f22-b86a-c0802a3f6418 | 3, which was intended to come into operation about the middle of 1962. Smoke Control Area No. 2 contained 73 acres and was bounded by the High Street, Fairfield Road. Acacia Avenue. Horton Bridge Road and the main line. Western Region, of British Railways. There were 468 domestic dwellings involved, 44 commercial properties and 27 industrial premises. Of the 468 domestic dwellings involved, 155 are Council houses. LONDON AIRPORT The first stage in the transfer of industrial and non-industrial personnel from old type premises on the North Terminal Area lo new premises in the Central Terminal Area took place this year when part of the new passenger building, handling longhaul flights, was opened. This has re- 35 suited in more catering premises being brought into use without any appreciable reduction of the existing use of catering premises on the North Terminal Area. |
fda407d7-3f57-4d23-878c-f60f8d872aee | During the year two new landmarks appeared on the North Terminal Area namely the commencement of a large new Aircraft Catering Block for British European Airways and the construction of a new Fire Station for the Ministry of Aviation Fire Service. The new Catering block for British European Airways is essential because the Company's existing premises in the Central Terminal Area are now inadequate to cope with the number of flights the Company need to handle, and attention was drawn to this situation early in the year. The existing aircraft catering premises of British European Airways were built in 1955 and after only 7 years operation, it was essential to rebuild on a larger scale thereby showing the extraordinary rapid growth of the industry. Altnoug'n this is only one example of development, the refuse collection service had to cope with the extra growth, petroleum storage was increased, a new boiler installation was opened to give all the necessary increased water and heating services and all existing catering premises had to cope with an increase in the total number employed on London Airport which is now 31.800 including contractors. |
7b498744-26bb-4905-b5bb-dbc5fb3e5079 | An indication of the growth of the various services at London Airport can be reflected in the Passenger and Aircraft Movements since London Airport first started to be used by Civil Aircraft in 1946. Passenger Movement Aircraft Movement 1946 63,151 9,054 1947 281,628 29,590 1948 385,763 33,555 1949 394,796 33,673 1950 523,351 37,766 1951 796,092 49,341 1952 860,760 50,859 1953 1,204,561 62,088 1954 1,724,139 79,649 1955 2,683,605 119,612 1956 3,060,080 122,952 1957 3,513,433 131,160 1958 3,555,509 129,497 1959 4,097,058 129, |
56baf3ac-fcb9-4c59-97b9-5285b3c4cbdd | 641 1960 5,380,837 146,605 1961 6,179,238 157,510 36 Food Premises When one considers the extent of communal feeding taking place daily it is gratifying to note that no outbreak of food poisoning took place and this I believe is in no small way due to the regular inspections taking place and the insistence of a high standard of hygiene. 1961 marked the culmination of a long programme by the Ministry to replace woodwork forming drainers, counters and food preparation tables, with hygienic steel units which was requested by the Department, and with few exceptions this has now been effected. This is now regarded as a considerable improvement. The day to day cleaning of the large catering premises on the Airport has always been a problem because most of the canteen and aircraft catering premises operate on a 24-hour service and therefore the premises are never completely closed except during large re-decoration programmes. |
cc7248b4-7dcf-4243-bcbf-6f8f0bd4d40e | To cope with this problem it is essential in my view, as it is indeed essential in all large catering premises, to operate a work measurement drill which lists every food room in detail and the equipment in that room, with a frequency and method of cleaning to be adopted in order to secure the best conditions for food handling. Management of canteens are urged at every opportunity to adopt this method, and it is being applied in most cases, with very satisfactory results. Food Inspection The Public Health (Imported Food) Regulations were carried out throughout the year and the total amount of food inspected was 98 tons 12 cwts. 0 qrts. 5 lbs. and 334 visits during the day and night were made for this purpose. Details of the various foods inspected are as follows:- Tons C wts. Qrs. Lbs. |
dfe45e84-d9b8-42dd-b138-5f59d41edbc3 | Confectionery and Flour Confectionery 1 10 1 25 Fresh Meat 36 0 3 2 Cooked Meat and Meat Products 15 5 1 3 Salami and Other Sausages 16 9 1 12 Fish 3 18 3 15 Shellfish 0 6 1 22 Fruit 1 3 3 21 Vegetables 2 18 0 16 Offal 0 5 0 27 Cheese 2 19 2 18 Miscellaneous 17 13 3 12 37 14 contraventions of the Imported Food Regulations were discovered. 8 consignments were without Official Certificates and the appropriate action taken which resulted in two consignments being re-exported and six consignments being released on. undertakings being given not to use the food for sale for human consumption Six consignments were partly unfit and 151 lbs. of foodstuffs were condemned and destroyed. |
6c0782e7-8295-4f02-a34f-b67aadb8639b | The bacteriological examinations of imported foods, which was commenced as routine practice in 1958, was again carried out and 12 samples were submitted for analysis to the Public Health Laboratory Service. No pathogenic organisms were found in any of the samples but consignments of a commodity known as Gypsy Pork Roast which is ham, roasted and smoked, have been giving cause for anxiety because of very high bacterial counts found. Unfortunately there is no legal bacteriological standard of either home produced or imported meat or meat products. In such cases where no standard exists the advice of the Public Health Laboratory service is sought and its advice taken. The Importer concerned with the consignment of Gypsy Pork Roast has been warned of the sample results we have been obtaining, and investigations are still proceeding both in this country and the country of origin with the manufactured food concerned. |
f46106c5-c214-42ce-87b3-b2995a5781e7 | Drinking Water Supplies on Aircraft 51 samples of drinking water were taken from Aircraft during the year and details of these are as follows:β Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Taken from fixed tank system 11 2 Taken from portable flasks 34 2 Taken from Bowsers 1 - Taken from Mains Water 1 - - 47 4 - β 38 The above results are very satisfactory compared with the previous year's results, and they are especially graitfying because much time has been spent with the several airline operating companies who are responsible for providing a satisfactory drinking water supply, or giving advice and technical assistance in the problems involved in connection with this subject. Petroleum Installations The 4 major aviation fuel storage installations arc completed and licensed, but it is always likely that further extensions will take place to cope with the storage necessary for the ever increasing number of aircraft using the airport. At Perry Oaks, licences are in force for two installations and these licences authorise the storage of 2,433,900 gallons of fuel. |
9c7bfd1f-97e8-457b-a47a-63674e24bd2f | In the Central Terminal Area, two licences authorise the storage of 703,000 gallons of fuel. In addition, the pipe lines from Walton now supply both Shell Mex and B.P. and Esso Petroleum at Perry Oaks and also the depot of Shell Mex and B. P. Lt. at Hatton Cross. The lines can pump 30,000 gallons per hour. 39 WEST DRAYTON PRINTING CO. LTD. |
31efc83b-2087-4a53-aef6-5aa3ffae6280 | YIE 28 Library 45963 Yiewsley & West Drayton Urban District Council ANNUAL REPORT of the Medical Officer of Health and Chief Public Health Inspector for the year 1962 Medical Officer of Health PATRICK M. J. BOBBETT, M.A., M B., B.Ch., B.A.O., D.P.H. (On Sick Leave until 1st April, 1962) Acting Medical Officer of Health L. F. KEENAN (Until 31st March, 1962) Chief Public Health Inspector ALFRED MAKIN, M.R.S.H.. F.A.P.H.I. Yiewsley & West Drayton Urban District Council ANNUAL REPORT of the Medical Officer of Health and Chief Public Health Inspector for the year Medical Officer of Health PATRICK M. J. BOBBETT, M.A., M B.. B.Ch., B.A.O., D.P.H. |
a30d3876-4ca4-41ba-a847-fe9a1b6c791d | (On Sick Leave until 1st April, 1962) Acting Medical Officer of Health L. F. KEENAN (Until 31st March, 1962) Chief Public Health Inspector ALFRED MAKIN, M.R.S.H., F.A.P.H.I. YIEWSLEY AND WEST DRAYTON URBAN DISTRICT COUNCIL LIST OF MEMBERS MUNICIPAL YEAR 1962-63 Chairman Councillor Mrs. J. Gorman Vice-Chairman Councillor S. J. Orme Members Councillor R. W. Aoslin Mrs. B. A. Beaumont β T. Cluny β J. W. Coupe J. T. Croly W. W. Daniell A. H. Dilley T. Earnshaw Mrs. D. K. E. Egleton β Mrs. |
bfac8619-f76d-420e-b973-eab3a8f29a17 | R. M. Hollis T. Holt β A. E. G. Maynard β R. Perry C. W. G. Rackstraw β A. V. Redwood T. H. Seers T. Snowden S. F. G. Walker M. J. R. Waplington J. E. H. Wilkins 3 PUBLIC HEALTH COMMITTEE Chairman Councillor T. Earnshaw Vice-Chairman Councillor T. Cluny Members Councillor Mrs. B. A. Beaumont β J. W. Coupe Mrs. D. K. E. Egleton Mrs. J. Gorman Mrs. |
67249406-b919-47b2-b7ac-a72864799ac5 | R. M Hollis β A. E. G. Maynard β S. J. Orme β A. v. Redwood β S. F. G. Walker β J. E. H. wilkins HOUSING COMMITTEE Chairman Councillor S. F. G. Walker Vice-Chairman Councillor J. T. Croly Members The Committee is composed of all members of the Council 4 PUBLIC HEALTH DEPARTMENT STAFF Medical Officer of Health Patrick M. J. Bobbett, M.A., M.B., B.Ch., B.A.O., D.P.H (on Sick Leave until 1.4.62) Acting Medical Officer of Health Laurence F. Keenan (until 31.3.62) Chief Public Health Inspector Alfred Makin, M.R.Soc.H.. F.A.P.H.I. Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate, Liverpool University Deputy Chief Public Health Inspector Thomas Marshall, M.A.P.H.I. |
13e27c2c-1667-458e-a5d6-0e7695576c15 | Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate Certificate of the Institute of Sanitary Fngineers Certificate of the R.S.H. in Sanitary Science as applied to Buildings and Public Works Additional Public Health Inspectors Seth Maher Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate Certificate of the R.S.H. in Sanitary Science as applied to Buildings and Public Works Diploma of the Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygiene in Advanced Hygiene Anthony E. Canovan (until 6.6.62) Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate Diploma in Bacteriology, Battersea Polytechnic David G. Coombes (Junior Additional Public Health Inspector until 6.6.621) (Redesignated Additional Public Health Inspector 7.6.62) Public Health Inspector's Certificate Meat & Food Inspector's Certificate Chief Clerk Mr. K. B. Paul (appointed 15.10.62) Administrative Assistant and Secretary Mrs. C. Taylor Clerical Assistants Mrs. |
6912e5f5-2946-4f0f-95e3-7754e9d91b08 | P. M Steele, Miss A. Lawrence 5 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE MEDICAL OFFICER OF HEALTH FOR 1962 Public Health Department. Drayton Hall, West Drayton. July, 1963. To: The Chairman and Members of the Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District Council. Madam Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, I have the honour to submit my report for the year ending 31st December, 1962, and I trust it will give you some idea of the work carried out by the Public Health Department in the year under review. Dr. L. F. Keenan continued to act as temporary Medical Officer of Health until my return to duty on 1st April. I am greatly indebted to him for undertaking this responsibility and 1 wish again to express my personal thanks to him and also the thanks of the Staff of the Public Health Department. |
d6c16a54-c50f-4767-b73c-511499900389 | The mid-year population as estimated by the Registrar General was 23,930, which again shows an increase on last year of 270. The estimated number of inhabited dwellings rose to 6,909 (an increase of 44). Deaths from all causes totalled 212, giving an adjusted death rate of 12.74 per 1,000 population. Live Births totalled 463, giving an adjusted birth rate of 17.3 per 1,000 population. There were no Maternal deaths, infantile (Neo Natal) deaths numbered 7, and of these, 5 were under one week old. the causes being. Prematurity. 3 ; Congenital Abnormality, 3 and Broncho Pneumonia, 1. In general the health of the area was very good. There was no epidemic of any infectious disease and the number of cases of notifiable disease was very small. |
713416eb-59bc-4da8-ac0b-20b733766ff1 | There was only one case of Poliomyelitis and one case of Food Poisoning. New cases of Tuberculosis notified were 11 in number, with age groups varying from 25 to 61 years. There were no deaths from Tuberculosis. 6 Cancer was the principal cause of deathβ45 casesβof which 16 were due to Lung Cancer, 15 male and 1 female. Coronary disease and Angina came very close to being the principal cause of deathβ42 cases notified. Infantile deaths (under 1 year) numbered 10, including the 7 mentioned above and also Congenital Abnormality 1, acute Pneumonia 1, and Streptococcal Meningitis 1. The progress of rehousing from Clearance Areas continues and the second five year Slum Clearance plan has made good progress as more than half the programme has been fulfilled. |
099d392f-5b1a-4541-b9ed-6dfb506ac145 | Smoke Control Orders for Areas 3 and 4 were confirmed and brought into operation during the year. As will be seen in the report of the Chief Public Health Inspector, the sewering of Longford Village was completed during the year, and I know that the completing of this work gave Mr. Makin great satisfaction. In regard to Health Education, members of the Public Health Staff continue to give lectures to various organisations and posters are displayed concerning the various aspects of Health Education and also about Road Safety. London Airport continues to increase, so also do the multifarious (duties of our Public Health Staff here to cope with the increasing amount of work and inspection necessary. Mrs. Taylor, Secretary and Chief Clerk to Mr. Makin, had to resign during the year owing to continued illness. I and all the Staff ot the Public Health Department felt very sorry to lose her. I wish to thank our Chief Public Health Inspector, Mr. Makin, and his deputy, Mr. |
1b5d32ec-92ee-434d-b1f8-740ed05f94fc | Marshall and all members of the Public Health Staff for their loyalty and assistance. I also wish to thank the Clerk of the Council, Mr. Bradford, for his ever-ready advice and assistance. In conclusion, I regret that this will be my last report as Medical Officer of Health as I shall be retiring in the ensuing months and I wish to place on record my thanks to all the members of the Council, past and present, for their support and consideration over the past 24 years 7 SECTION A Area in acres 5,276 Total population 1962 (midsummer) (estimated by the Registrar General) 23,930 Estimated number of inhabited dwellings 6,909 Rateable Value (31st March, 1962) Β£864,774 Product of the Penny Rate 1962/63 Β£4, |
46fa002f-0342-4760-890a-5c6acaadfad4 | 455 1 11 VITAL STATISTICS LIVE BIRTHS: Male Female Total Legitimate 228 211 439 Illegitimate 12 12 24 240 223 463 Live Birth Rate per 1,000 estimated population (adjusted): 1962: 17.3* β β β β β β β β 1961: 17.3* County of Middlesex: 1962: 17.0 *These figures have been adjusted from 19.3 and 19.27 by the Registrar's Comparability Factor of .90. |
e356c352-f692-470f-8b23-e9f51de98cc3 | Percentage of Illegitimate Births to total live births = 5.18 STILL BIRTHS: Male Female Total Legitimate 4 4 8 Illegitimate 1 2 3 5 6 11 Rate per 1,000 (live and still) births (adjusted): 1962: 17.8 β β β β β β β β 1961: 17.55 *These figures have been adjusted from 19.8 and 19.5 by the Registrar's Comparability factor of .90. |
0511ab8b-9314-4da4-8444-8bc2b10806ab | Still birth rate per 1000 population: 1962: .46 1961: .25 8 DEATHS: Male Female Total 111 101 212 Death rate per 1,000 estimated population (adjusted): 1962: 12.74* β β β β β β β 1961: 11.56 County of Middlesex: 1962: 11.8 *This figure has been adjusted from 8.85 by the use of the Registrar's Comparability Factor of 1.44. INFANTILE MORTALITY: Deaths of Infants under one year. Male Female Total Legitimate 7 2 9 Illegitimate - 1 1 7 3 10 Death rate of infants under one year: 1961 1962 All infants per 1,000 live births 21.9 21.5 Legitimate infants per 1,000 live births 23.5 20.72 Illegitimate infants per 1, |
c349914e-c342-47d7-a8cc-6cef9b19c3b6 | 000 live births - 2.15 NEO-NATAL DEATHS: (Under four weeks of age) Male Female Total Legitimate 5 1 6 Illegitimate - 1 1 5 2 7 Death rate per 1,000 live births 15.12 EARLY NEO-NATAL DEATHS: (under one week) Male Female Total Legitimate 4-4 Illegitimate - 1 1 4 1 5 Death rate per 1.000 live births 10.79 9 PERINATAL MORTALITY: (Still births and deaths of infants under one week) Male Female Total Legitimate 8 4 12 Illegitimate 1 3 4 9 7 16 Death rate per 1,000 live and still births 33.75 MATERNAL MORTALITY: Deaths from Puerperal Sepsis Nil Deaths from Abortion Nil Deaths from other Puerperal causes Nil Maternal Mortality Rate per 1, |
357678f0-8824-4a48-b37c-0dd43e3b9c6e | 000 births 1962: Nil (live and still) 1961: Nil County of Middlesex: 1962: 0.28 10 CAUSE OF DEATH Male Female Total 1961 All causes 111 101 212 190 Tuberculosis, respiratory 1 1 2 3 Tuberculosis, other - - - - Syphilitic disease - - - - Whooping Cough - - - - Diphtheria - - - - Acute Poliomyelitis - - - β Measles - - - - Meningococcal Infections - - - - Other infective and parasitic disease 1 - 1 - Malignant Neoplasm, stomach 3 1 4 7 Malignant Neoplasm, lung, bronchus 15 1 16 11 Malignant Neoplasm, breast - 6 6 7 Malignant Neoplasm, |
a185239b-71d2-401c-92cd-bc0e40196631 | uterus - 1 1 - Other malignant and lymphatic neoplasms 7 11 18 12 Diabetes - - - 1 Leukaemia - - - 3 Vascular lesions of nervous system 11 10 21 22 Coronary diseases, angina 23 19 42 26 Hypertension with heart disease - 2 2 5 Other heart diseases 5 16 21 27 Other circulatory diseases 9 5 14 7 Influenza - - - 1 Pneumonia 9 8 17 10 Bronchitis 5 - 5 17 Other disease of respiratory system 3 1 4 2 Ulcer of stomach and duodenum 2 1 3 3 Gastritis, |
029f9b3c-d50b-4049-8acd-50dc1ab248c6 | enteritis and diarrhoea 1 1 2 - Nephritis and Nephrosis 1 1 2 1 Congenital Malformation 3 1 4 1 Other defined and ill-defined diseases 6 10 16 10 Hyperplasia of Prostrate 1 - 1 1 Motor Vehicle accidents 3 1 4 4 All other accidents 2 4 6 6 Suicide - - - - Pregnancy, childbirth, abortion - - - - 11 SECTION 6 LABORATORY FACILITIES Dr. Wood, the Director of the Public Health Laboratory at Reading, has continued to carry out bacteriological examinations of specimens from this area and during the year has been responsible for examining samples of food imported through London Airport. The Central Public Health Laboratory at Colindale have also undertaken work in connection with the analysis of food imported into this country via London Airport, as most of the imported food arriving at London Docks is also examined by this Laboratory. |
ebcaad6d-34fc-4f08-8abe-b85178d0f281 | Reference to work done in connection with this matter can be seen in the chapter on London Airport. MATERNITY AND CHILD WELFARE The responsibility for this service is with the Middlesex County Council and the Medical Officer of Area 8, i.e. the area in which this Urban District is situated, is Dr. O. C. Dobson. There are two clinics in the district, one at 20, High Street, Yiewsley and one in Harmondsworth. There is also a mobile clinic which operates in the Urban District. MASSACE ESTABLISHMENTS The Council maintain a register of these establishments operating in the Urban District and the three establishments have been inspected during the year and have had their licences renewed. 12 SECTION C PREVALENCE OF, AND CONTROL OVER, INFECTIOUS AND OTHER DISEASES. Cases of Infectious Diseases (other than Tuberculosis) notified during the year 1962. |
9eef5ee0-2e40-4015-9b5f-dd7462d02ecb | Under 1 1 year 2 years 3 years 4 years 5-9 years 10-14 years 15-25 years 25 & over Age Un- known No. Notified (all ages) Scarlet Fever β β β 2 1 12 4 7 β β 26 Whooping Cough β β β β 1 3 β β β β 4 Poliomyelitis (Non-paralytic) - - - - - - - - - - - Poliomyelitis (paralytic) β 1 - - - - - - - - 1 Measles β 1 3 1 1 5 2 2 β β 15 Diphtheria - - - - - - - - - - - Dysentery β β - - - - - - - - - Meningococcal Infection 1 1 - - - - - 1 - - 3 Under 5 5-14 years |
1fc64b57-9170-4c00-b2c6-9fa3d5793205 | 15-44 years 45-64 years 65 & over Age Unknown Total Acute Pneumonia - 1 - - - - 1 Smallpox β β β β β β β Acute Encephalitis (infective) - - - - - - - Acute Encephalitis (post-infectious) β β β β - β β Enteric or Typhoid Fever - - - - - - - Paratyphoid Fever - - - - - - - Erysipelas - - - - - - - Food Poisoning β β 1 β β β 1 13 TUBERCULOSIS: ANALYSIS OF NEW CASES AND MORTALITY DURING 1962 (LOCAL RECORDS) NEW CASES: DEATHS: Respiratory NonRespiratory Respiratory NonRespiratory Age (years) M F M F M F M F Under 5 - - - - - - - - 5-14 - - - - - - - - |
8404a9a4-bc0c-4a78-a243-41ddcc69c560 | 15-24 - - - - - - - - 25-44 4 1 1 β β β β β 45-64 2 β 1 1 β β β β 65 and over 1 - - - - - - - Age Unknown - - - - - - - β Total 7 1 2 1 - - - - Number of cases remaining on the Register: Respiratory: 222 Non-Respiratory: 39 I am, Ladies and Gentlemen, Your obedient servant. Patrick M. J. Bobbett, Medical Officer of Health. 14 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF PUBLIC HEALTH INSPECTOR FOR THE YEAR 1962 July, 1963. To : The Chairman and Members of the Yiewsley and West Drayton Urban District Council. Madam Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, I have the honour to submit my Annual Report for 1962. |
9fcaf5a4-0d2f-4fac-9869-23893c0d4de4 | Members will remember that during 1961 the Department's work suffered owing to the absence, due to sickness, of Mrs. Taylor, my Secretary and Chief Clerk, and it was a sad loss that Mrs. Taylor finally had to resign owing to continuing illness. Her position was only filled late in the year. I also reported how difficult the clerical work proved to be at the weighbridge, but this was overcome with the appointment of the present Clerk who is keeping all records up to date satisfactorily. The wide range of Public Health Environmental duties was carried ou: satisfactorily and the second five-year slum clearance programme ending in 1965 is proceeding well, two thirds of the programme being completed. A successful attempt to bring the Council's Smoke Control Area Programme up to date was achieved by the confirmation and bringing into operation of Smoke Control Orders Nos. 3 and 4. |
3038a520-801d-4017-8289-a1a3ef5eb2cb | For many years, in past Annual Reports, I felt it my duty to report the desirability of sewering the village of Longford and this was finally completed in the middle of the year. I report in greater detail on this project elsewhere in my report. Imported food to this Country has been carefully checked and the result of the Department's work in this connection, shown elsewhere in this report, will, I hope, be interesting to read. There is a sense of satisfaction β although this work is most inconvenient to Inspectors having to do inspections during the nightβin knowing that the Health Department is watching not only its local areas food supplies, but the nation's, if only to a small extent. I feel that I must make reference at this point to the fact that Dr. Bobbett will be retiring in 1963 and to put on record my appreciation of him. |
3a0c3d81-89cc-463e-bc2f-f44043469ec3 | He has, during my 24 years service with the Council, never failed to help and encourage me, and 1 trust that he will enjoy a long and happy retirement. My colleagues in the Public Health Department all join me in this wish. I am, Ladies and Gentlemen, Your obedient servant, Alfred Makin, Chief Public Health Inspector. 15 SECTION D WATER SUPPLY Mains water was supplied by Rickmansworth and Uxbridge Valley Water Company. No adverse complaints about the area's water supply were received during the year and a typical bacteriological and chemical examination result is shown for your information. The results refer to water pumped from the West Drayton Pumping Station. Hardness in the water is an inconvenience one has come to accept, but it is nevertheless a financial burden on the Council who are continually defurring Council house plumbing systems due to its effects. There are only 5 houses in the Urban District where the water supply is derived from wells. |
0c22d990-5da0-4fab-be7f-65242c0c3751 | 16 BACTERIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION Location Type Residual Chlorine p.p.m. Colonies per ml 2 days Colonies per ml 3 days Bad. coli (Type 1) Probable number per 100 ml Presumptive Coliaerogenes Probable number per 100 ml West Drayton P.S. Treated water 3 1 0 0 Sample No.: 54,000 Date Taken: 9th November, 1962. Remarks: This water is moderately hard in character but contains no excess of mineral or saline constituents in solution. It conforms to the highest standards of bacterial and organic purity. CHEMICAL EXAMINATION Location West Drayton Pumping Station Raw or Treated: Treated Colour: Nil Hazen Chloride (C1) 20p.p.m. Turbidity (Si02) Nil p.p.m. Alkalinity (CaC03) 240 p.p.m. |
f63abc1e-4276-4c54-87e5-151ecfe2a605 | Odour: Nil Hardness (CaC03) Carbonate 210 p.p.m. Taste: Normal Non-Carbonate Nil p.p.m. pH: 7.7 Total 210 p.p.m. Electrical Conductivity (20Β°C) 475 Residual Chlorine (C12) .13 p.p.m. Total Solids (180Β°C) 345 p.p.m. Copper .01 p.p.m. Nitrate (N) .3 p.p.m. Iron .02 p.p.m. Nitrite (N) .031 p.p.m. Zinc Nil p.p.m. Ammonia (N) .107 p.p.m. Albuminoid Nitrogen (N) .002 p.p.m. 17 GENERAL SANITARY CONDITIONS Refuse Collection and Disposal A weekly collection of house refuse has been maintained during the year. |
3acf3f33-2658-4918-abd7-fbb59e950ed4 | The Council saw fit to congratulate the Refuse Collectors for the very good work which, as everyone knows, must continue no matter what the weather is like. Disposal of refuse continued at two tips, one in Cherry Lane, the other in Stockley. What with the extraordinary amount of refuse received by an Urban District of this size, great care and a great deal of supervision is essential to maintain the organisation and plant necessary to cope with the many problems involved. London Airport continued to get twice daily collections from the Council although towards the end of the year the service was taxed to breaking point because of increased commitments there. Towards the end of the year trial collections, working a twice daily, instead of a day and night collection ,were being conducted as an experimental exercise and more will need to be said in a later report about this. |
3fd9de4c-b2f6-41e6-b318-d9d561d15b74 | 18 The table showing costs for Refuse Collection and Refuse Disposal for the Year ended 31st March, 1963, is below:β Item Particulars Collection Costs Disposal Costs Total Conservancy Total (All services) A Gross Expenditure 21871 3 2 53994 2 9 75865 5 11 3405 8 9 79270 14 B Gross Income 11164 13 2 72000 8 7 83165 1 9 2450 9 2 85615 10 11 C Net Cost 10706 10 0 β β 954 19 7 β Net Income β 18006 5 10 7299 15 10 β 6344 16 3 UNIT COSTS. |
e2e18875-ad2a-4cda-aea6-b1e89ca3a70e | D Nett Cost per 1,000 population 447 8 2 752 9 2 305 1 0 39 18 2 265 2 10 Credit Credit Credit E Nett Cost per 1.000 houses and premises 1216 13 0 2046 3 5 829 10 5 108 ! 10 5 721 0 0 Credit Credit Credit F Nett cost equivalent rate in the pound 2.40 4.04 1.64 0.22 1.42 Credit Credit Credit 1. PopulationβMidsummer, 1962 23,930 2. Number of houses and premises 8,800 3. Product of Penny Rate Β£4,455 1 11 4. Total rate in the Pound (including County and Police Rate) 18 2 19 SEWERAGE (a) The Longford Sewerage. |