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[ { "id": "26835166_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "History of Nonsuicidal Self-Harm Behavior and General Health Care Adherence Among Primary Care Outpatients." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 107 ] ] }, { "id": "26835166_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 108 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30379905_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Optimal use of tranexamic acid for total hip arthroplasty: A network meta-analysis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "30379905_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been demonstrated to minimize blood loss after total hip arthroplasty. There are three main routes: intravenous (IV), intra-articular (topical), and combined (IV and topical) but little consensus support which is most effective and safe. We performed network meta-analysis.to assess the comparative efficacy and safety of three different administration routes of TXA. METHODS: Twenty-five randomized controlled trials (RCT) were evaluated. Interventions were classified as: combined, IV multiple, IV single, topical and placebo. The primary outcome was effectiveness (transfusion rate, total blood loss, and total drain out). The secondary outcome was safety, based on the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). RESULTS: A total of 2227 patients were included in the 5 categories: 564 IV single, 319 IV multiple, 398 topical, 120 combined, and 826 placebo. A network meta-analysis identified the most effective interventions in terms of reducing the need for transfusion as follows: combined = 98.2%, IV single = 54.0%, IV multiple = 78.6%, topical = 66.1%, placebo = 0.0%. Compared with placebo, the IV single, IV multiple, topical, and combined interventions showed no difference in the rate of occurrence of DVT and PE. CONCLUSIONS: A network meta-analysis indicated that combined administration of TXA (IV and topical) was effective in reducing the transfusion rate after hip arthroplasty compared with IV or topical alone. As no high-risk patients were evaluated in the RCTs, it is not known whether the combined method is safer for patients susceptible to DVT or PE." ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 1726 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30379905_MESH:D014148_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tranexamic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 15, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014148" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D014148_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Tranexamic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014148" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D014148_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TXA" ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014148" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D006473_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "blood loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 152, 162 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006473" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D014148_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TXA" ], "offsets": [ [ 485, 488 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014148" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D006473_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "blood loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 714, 724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006473" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D020246_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deep venous thrombosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 808, 830 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020246" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D020246_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "DVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 832, 835 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020246" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D011655_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary embolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 841, 859 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011655" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D011655_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PE" ], "offsets": [ [ 861, 863 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011655" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 891, 899 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D020246_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "DVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1365, 1368 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020246" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D011655_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PE" ], "offsets": [ [ 1373, 1375 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011655" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D014148_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TXA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1456, 1459 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014148" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1598, 1606 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1692, 1700 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D020246_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "DVT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1716, 1719 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020246" } ] }, { "id": "30379905_MESH:D011655_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PE" ], "offsets": [ [ 1723, 1725 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011655" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21388711_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Infection epidemiology in gerontology centres]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 48 ] ] }, { "id": "21388711_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "INTRODUCTION: Infection processes in gerontology centres (GC) are one of the main causes of mortality and aggravation of concomitant chronic diseases. An epidemiological surveillance system was set up to find out their magnitude and distribution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prevalence study was conducted during the years 2006-2009 in 4 GCs of the Matia Foundation. Prevalence was measured by making an annual cut-off, recording: infection type, demographic data, risk factors and antibiotic use. The incidence was measured for two years in one GC as a pilot centre, recording: infection type and antibiotic use. RESULTS: The prevalence in the GCs varied between 4.8% and 6.44%. The infection incidence density in the pilot study was between 3.45-5.77 infections per 1,000 resident days. The most common infection location and in this order were, respiratory, urinary and cutaneous. The incidence of respiratory infection is more statistically significant in the presence of dysphagia, malnutrition and COPD. However, no significant relationship was seen in the incidence of urinary infection with the different risk factors analysed. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency and repercussions of nosocomial infections in GCs demonstrate the need for intervention plans and the development of adequate prevention measures." ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 1354 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21388711_MESH:D007239_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 10 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D007239_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 72 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D003643_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 141, 150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D002908_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 198 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002908" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D007239_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 476, 485 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D007239_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 624, 633 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D007239_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 729, 738 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D007239_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 798, 808 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D007239_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 850, 859 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D012141_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "respiratory infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 946, 967 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012141" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D003680_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dysphagia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1021, 1030 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003680" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D044342_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malnutrition" ], "offsets": [ [ 1032, 1044 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D044342" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D029424_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1049, 1053 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D029424" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D014552_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "urinary infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1121, 1138 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014552" } ] }, { "id": "21388711_MESH:D003428_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "nosocomial infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 1229, 1250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003428" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9563720_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: predicting response to therapy and survival." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 75 ] ] }, { "id": "9563720_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality despite aggressive therapy. Thirty-eight patients with biopsy-proven IPF were studied to identify pretreatment features that could be used to predict short-term improvement in pulmonary function and improved longer term survival. In all patients, a pretreatment clinical (dyspnea), radiographic (chest radiograph), and physiologic (pulmonary function including exercise saturation) score was generated (CRP). A high-resolution CT scan (HRCT) was independently scored by four radiologists for ground glass (CT-alv) and linear opacity (CT-fib) on a scale of 0-4. Open lung biopsy samples were scored for cellular infiltration, interstitial fibrosis, desquamation, and granulation by an experienced pulmonary pathologist. All patients were treated with 3 mo of high-dose steroids and the CRP scoring repeated. Patients were divided into three groups: responders with a greater than 10-point drop in CRP (n = 10); stable with +/- 10 point change in CRP (n = 14); and nonresponders with > 10 point rise in CRP or death (n = 14). Those responding to steroids were treated for 18 mo in a tapering fashion. In all others, steroids were tapered quickly and oral cyclophosphamide prescribed. Responders (10 of 38) had a lower age (45.1+/-4.3 yr) than nonresponders (61.4+/-3.5 yr) or those remaining stable (53.1+/-3.3 yr) (p = 0.01). Pretreatment CRP was higher in responders (58.8+/-5.6) than nonresponders (40.5+/-4.7) or stable individuals (37.6+/-4.7) (p = 0.01). Cellular infiltration score of the open lung biopsies was higher in responders (7.6+/-0.6) than stable individuals (5.7+/-0.5) (p = 0.04). The CT-alv scores were higher and CT-fib scores were lower in responders than nonresponders. Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was employed to identify pretreatment features of longer term survival (follow-up of 29.1+/-2.3 mo). Only CT-fib (p = 0.009) and pathology fibrosis score (p = 0.03) were able to predict mortality. A pretreatment CT-fib score > or = 2.0 demonstrated 80% sensitivity and 85% specificity in predicting survival. Those patients who did not respond to initial steroid therapy demonstrated a worse long-term survival and greater likelihood of decreased pulmonary function. We demonstrate that pretherapy pulmonary function, pathologic and radiographic parameters are different in individuals who respond to initial prednisone therapy. Only HRCT imaging and pathologic fibrosis were able to reliably predict long-term survival in patients with biopsy-proven IPF." ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 2653 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9563720_MESH:D054990_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 29 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054990" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D054990_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054990" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D003643_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 157, 166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 208, 216 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 404, 412 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D004417_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dyspnea" ], "offsets": [ [ 439, 446 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004417" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_1401_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CRP" ], "offsets": [ [ 570, 573 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D005355_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 805, 813 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 890, 898 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D013256_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 935, 943 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_1401_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CRP" ], "offsets": [ [ 952, 955 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 982 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_1401_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CRP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1063, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_1401_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CRP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1112, 1115 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D016171_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "point rise" ], "offsets": [ [ 1154, 1164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016171" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_1401_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CRP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1168, 1171 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D003643_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 1175, 1180 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D013256_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1211, 1219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D013256_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1281, 1289 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D003520_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclophosphamide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1320, 1336 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003520" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_1401_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CRP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1505, 1508 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D005355_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 2037, 2045 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D003643_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 2084, 2093 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_9606_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 2213, 2221 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D013256_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "steroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 2253, 2260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013256" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D011241_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "prednisone" ], "offsets": [ [ 2507, 2517 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011241" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_MESH:D005355_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 2560, 2568 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "9563720_9606_27", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 2621, 2629 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26112733_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Adolescent Drivers: Fine-Tuning Our Understanding." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 50 ] ] }, { "id": "26112733_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 51 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34742862_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A novel topical treatment for plaque psoriasis: Benvitimod/tapinarof." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "34742862_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 70 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34742862_MESH:D011565_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "plaque psoriasis" ], "offsets": [ [ 30, 46 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011565" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7416717_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Genetic control of immune responsiveness to bovine serum albumin in the high and low antibody producer lines of mice (author's transl)]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 137 ] ] }, { "id": "7416717_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Mice genetically selected for high or low antibody responsiveness to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) were used for a genetic analysis of the antibody response to an optimal dose of heat-aggregated bovine seralbumin (BSA). About 4 independent loci intervene in the quantitative genetic regulation of the response to BSA, while in these two lines the response to the selection antigen (SRBC) was found to be regulated by about 10 loci; one of them was linked to the major histocompatibility complex of the mouse (H-2). Such an H-2 linkage was not demonstrated for the regulation of the response to BSA. Dominance effect in F1 hybrids was shown to vary according to the strength of the immunization procedure used. This result raises the question of the phenotypic cellular expression of the quantitative genetic regulation of the immune response." ], "offsets": [ [ 138, 976 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7416717_9913_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 51 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "7416717_280717_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "serum albumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 65 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "280717" } ] }, { "id": "7416717_10090_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 117 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "7416717_10090_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 138, 142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "7416717_9940_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "sheep" ], "offsets": [ [ 207, 212 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9940" } ] }, { "id": "7416717_9913_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bovine" ], "offsets": [ [ 329, 335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "7416717_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "seralbumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 336, 346 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7416717_10090_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 636, 641 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14159755_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A FAMILY-COMMUNITY ORIENTED PROGRAMME FOR AN UNDERDEVELOPED COMMUNITY IN TEHRAN, IRAN." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "14159755_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 87 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20894719_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Rethinking the national health service." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 39 ] ] }, { "id": "20894719_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 40, 40 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2170156_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Establishment of a SV40-transformed cell line from primary culture of rat dorsolateral prostatic epithelial cells." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 114 ] ] }, { "id": "2170156_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A permanent cell line of the rat dorsolateral prostate epithelium was established after transformation of primary cultured cells with simian virus 40 (SV40). The established cells had SV40 T-antigen in their nuclei but lacked such typical characteristics of transformed cells as piled-up growth. They grew in a monolayer with an epithelial morphology, were stained with antikeratin antisera, and also retained an ability to form dome-like structure at a confluent state." ], "offsets": [ [ 115, 585 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2170156_1891767_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "SV40" ], "offsets": [ [ 19, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1891767" } ] }, { "id": "2170156_10116_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "2170156_10116_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 147 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "2170156_1891767_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "simian virus 40" ], "offsets": [ [ 249, 264 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1891767" } ] }, { "id": "2170156_1891767_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "SV40" ], "offsets": [ [ 266, 270 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1891767" } ] }, { "id": "2170156_1891767_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "SV40" ], "offsets": [ [ 299, 303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1891767" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32426051_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A phase II study of atezolizumab for pretreated advanced/recurrent non-small cell lung cancer with idiopathic interstitial pneumonias: rationale and design for the TORG1936/AMBITIOUS study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 189 ] ] }, { "id": "32426051_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: Approximately 10% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are complicated with comorbid interstitial pneumonia (IP) with a poor prognosis. The pharmacotherapy for advanced lung cancer occasionally induces fatal acute exacerbation of pre-existing IP. Due to the lack of prospective studies, there is an urgent need to establish a safe and effective pharmacotherapy, especially for second-line or later settings. Atezolizumab, an anti-programmed cell death-ligand 1 antibody, is thought to be the safest candidate for second-line therapy among various immune checkpoint inhibitors. Moreover, compared with patients without IP, the patients with comorbid IP may have higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) or microsatellite instability (MSI), which are partly associated with a more favorable response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Methods: The Thoracic Oncology Research Group 1936/AMBITIOUS study is an ongoing, multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial to assess the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab for pretreated advanced/recurrent patients with NSCLC complicated with idiopathic, chronic fibrotic IP with a forced vital capacity of >70%. The patients will receive atezolizumab (1200 mg, day 1) every 3 weeks until the discontinuation criteria are met. The primary end point of this study is the 1-year survival rate, and a sample size of 38 patients is set. As a translational research, we will perform the analysis of TMB, somatic mutations, and MSI for nucleic acids extracted from archival tumor samples. Discussion: Since there is no standard second-line or later therapy of advanced NSCLC with IP, the results of this study are expected to have a major impact on clinical practice. Trial registration: Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, jRCTs031190084, registered 26 August 2019 - retrospectively registered, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs031190084." ], "offsets": [ [ 190, 2087 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32426051_MESH:C000594389_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "atezolizumab" ], "offsets": [ [ 20, 32 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000594389" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D008175_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lung cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 82, 93 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008175" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D011658_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "idiopathic interstitial pneumonias" ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 133 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011658" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D002289_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "non-small cell lung cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 237, 263 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002289" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D002289_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NSCLC" ], "offsets": [ [ 265, 270 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002289" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D011014_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pneumonia" ], "offsets": [ [ 315, 324 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011014" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D008175_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lung cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 386, 397 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008175" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:C000594389_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Atezolizumab" ], "offsets": [ [ 625, 637 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000594389" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 818, 826 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 843, 851 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D009369_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 885, 890 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:C000594389_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "atezolizumab" ], "offsets": [ [ 1201, 1213 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000594389" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1248, 1256 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D002289_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NSCLC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1262, 1267 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002289" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1359, 1367 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:C000594389_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "atezolizumab" ], "offsets": [ [ 1381, 1393 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000594389" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1558, 1566 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_-_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TMB" ], "offsets": [ [ 1636, 1639 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D009369_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "archival tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1701, 1715 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "32426051_MESH:D002289_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NSCLC" ], "offsets": [ [ 1805, 1810 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002289" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7537561_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Cellular pharmacology and protein binding of phosphoromonothioate and phosphorodithioate oligodeoxynucleotides: a comparative study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 132 ] ] }, { "id": "7537561_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Phosphorodithioate (PS2) oligodeoxynucleotides (oligos) represent a relatively new class of backbone-modified oligo that have potential use as antisense agents. PS2 oligos are isoelectronic with phosphodiester (PO) and phosphoromonothioate (PS) oligos, and are nuclease resistant. However, unlike their PS congeners, PS2 oligos do not contain chiral centers. Little is known about the manner in which PS2 oligos interact with biological systems. In this study, we compare the cellular pharmacology of PS and PS2 oligos in HL60 cells. Cell surface binding, internalization, and compartmentalization are examined. Furthermore, the ability of PS and PS2 oligos to bind to rsCD4 and bFGF and to inhibit the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) is examined. Although the behavior of PS2 oligos closely parallels that of PS oligos, PS2 oligos appear to interact with some biological systems in a slightly different manner than PS oligos. These results indicate that PS2 oligos may have therapeutic potential other than as antisense agents." ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 1164 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7537561_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphoromonothioate" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 65 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphorodithioate oligodeoxynucleotides" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 110 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_MESH:C083120_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Phosphorodithioate" ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C083120" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 153, 156 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_MESH:D009838_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oligos" ], "offsets": [ [ 181, 187 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009838" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_MESH:D009838_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oligo" ], "offsets": [ [ 243, 248 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009838" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 294, 297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphodiester" ], "offsets": [ [ 328, 342 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PO" ], "offsets": [ [ 344, 346 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_-_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphoromonothioate" ], "offsets": [ [ 352, 372 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PS)" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_MESH:D009838_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oligos" ], "offsets": [ [ 378, 384 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009838" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PS" ], "offsets": [ [ 436, 438 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 450, 453 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 534, 537 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 641, 644 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_CVCL_0002;NCBITaxID:9606_16", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "HL60" ], "offsets": [ [ 655, 659 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0002;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 780, 783 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_2247_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "bFGF" ], "offsets": [ [ 812, 816 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2247" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 909, 912 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 957, 960 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] }, { "id": "7537561_338412_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PS2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1091, 1094 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "338412" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6950658_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Treatment of relapsed acute myelocytic leukemia with a combination of aclarubicin and cytosine arabinoside." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 107 ] ] }, { "id": "6950658_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Relapses in nine patients with acute myelocytic leukemia were treated with a combination of aclarubicin (ACR) and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C). ACR, 40 mg/m2/day, was administered daily by intravenous injection from day 1 to day 3 and ara-C, 60-80 mg/m2/day, divided into 2 doses, was given every 12 h by intravenous infusion from day 1 to day 7. Depending on the state of the bone marrow, ACR-ara-C regimen was modified in administration period and repeated after the resting periods of at least 7 days. Complete remission was obtained in 7 of 9 patients (77.8%). The time required for achieving the complete remission varied from 20 to 55 days with a median of 39 days. The duration of complete remission was from 8 to 52 weeks with a median of 22 weeks. Side effects on digestive system such as nausea, vomiting and anorexia, were seen in all patients, although they were managed by symptomatic treatment. The results indicate the effectiveness of this ACR-ara-C regimen in the clinical management of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia." ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 1142 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6950658_MESH:D015470_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute myelocytic leukemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 47 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D015250_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "aclarubicin" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 81 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015250" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D003561_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cytosine arabinoside" ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 106 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003561" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 133 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D015470_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute myelocytic leukemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D015250_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "aclarubicin" ], "offsets": [ [ 200, 211 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015250" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D015250_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACR" ], "offsets": [ [ 213, 216 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015250" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D003561_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cytosine arabinoside" ], "offsets": [ [ 222, 242 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003561" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D003561_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ara-C" ], "offsets": [ [ 244, 249 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003561" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D015250_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACR" ], "offsets": [ [ 252, 255 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015250" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D003561_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ara-C" ], "offsets": [ [ 343, 348 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003561" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACR-ara-C" ], "offsets": [ [ 498, 507 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 655, 663 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D009325_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "nausea" ], "offsets": [ [ 906, 912 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009325" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D014839_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "vomiting" ], "offsets": [ [ 914, 922 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014839" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D000855_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anorexia" ], "offsets": [ [ 927, 935 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000855" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 954, 962 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_-_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ACR-ara-C" ], "offsets": [ [ 1064, 1073 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "6950658_MESH:D015470_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute nonlymphocytic leukemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1112, 1141 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28792006_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Mitochondrial diseases: the contribution of organelle stress responses to pathology." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 84 ] ] }, { "id": "28792006_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Mitochondrial diseases affect one in 2,000 individuals; they can present at any age and they can manifest in any organ. How defects in mitochondria can cause such a diverse range of human diseases remains poorly understood. Insight into this diversity is emerging from recent research that investigated defects in mitochondrial protein synthesis and mitochondrial DNA maintenance, which showed that many cell-specific stress responses are induced in response to mitochondrial dysfunction. Studying the molecular regulation of these stress responses might increase our understanding of the pathogenesis and variability of human mitochondrial diseases." ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 735 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28792006_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 267, 272 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28792006_MESH:D028361_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mitochondrial dysfunction" ], "offsets": [ [ 547, 572 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D028361" } ] }, { "id": "28792006_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 706, 711 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28792006_MESH:D028361_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mitochondrial diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 712, 734 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D028361" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10987057_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Insulin resistance: from clinical diagnosis to molecular genetics. Implications in diabetes mellitus]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 103 ] ] }, { "id": "10987057_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Insulin resistance is observed in several diseases such as non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). To understand genetic determinism of this abnormality we have developed a multidisciplinary approach including selection of phenotypes with insulin resistance confirmed in vivo by minimal model of Bergman and characterization of cellular defects in insulin action on circulating erythrocytes and monocytes. Exploration of variability in candidate genes by direct sequencing in some genetic syndromes of severe insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans (mainly the Type A syndrome) revealed mutations of the insulin receptor gene associated with major defects in insulin binding or kinase activity. In other rare genetic syndromes or patients affected by NIDDM or PCOS defects appear to be located at post-receptor level, where IRS (insulin receptor substrate) genes are the most attractive candidates. Prevalence of some allelic variants suggested a potential role of IRS genes in insulin resistance, although their involvement in the pathogenesis of NIDDM remains controversial. Genotype-phenotype correlations in first degree relatives of an index case caring the Type A syndrome, suggested that association of allelic variants of IRS-1 and IRS-2 with insulin receptor mutations contribute, by synergistic effects, to phenotypic expression of defects in signal transduction. These mechanisms through genetic epistasis, involving several genes in insulin action, fit better with the polygenic nature of current forms of NIDDM and represent a good model in the study of pathogenesis of insulin resistance." ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 1757 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10987057_3630_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 8 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_MESH:D003920_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes mellitus" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3630_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_MESH:D003924_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or polycystic ovarian syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 163, 241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003924" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3630_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 390, 397 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3630_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 499, 506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_MESH:D030342_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "genetic syndromes" ], "offsets": [ [ 632, 649 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D030342" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3630_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 660, 667 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_MESH:D000052_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acanthosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 683, 693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000052" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_MESH:D061325_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Type A syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 716, 731 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D061325" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3643_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 759, 775 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3643" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3630_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 814, 821 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_MESH:D030342_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "genetic syndromes" ], "offsets": [ [ 864, 881 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D030342" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 885, 893 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3630_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1133, 1140 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_MESH:D061325_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Type A syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 1318, 1333 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D061325" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3667_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IRS-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1385, 1390 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3667" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_8660_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IRS-2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1395, 1400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "8660" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3643_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1406, 1422 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3643" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3630_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1600, 1607 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "10987057_3630_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1738, 1745 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18970015_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Solid phase extraction preconcentration of cobalt and nickel with 5,7-dichloroquinone-8-ol embedded styrene-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate polymer particles and determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 222 ] ] }, { "id": "18970015_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This article explores the synthesis of styrene-divinyl benzene (DVB)/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) polymers embedded with quinoline-8-ol (Q) or its dihalo derivatives by thermal means in the presence and absence of 4-vinyl pyridine (VP). The above-synthesized polymers were found to enrich cobalt and nickel present in admixtures. Of these, 5,7-dichloroquinoline-8-ol (DCQ) embedded styrene-EGDMA polymer particles enrich cobalt and nickel quantitatively from dilute aqueous solutions within 5 min of preconcentration time. Styrene-EGDMA, DCQ embedded styrene-EGDMA particles obtained by bulk polymerization and cobalt/nickel bonded polymers were characterized by FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis and surface area studies. The use of these polymer particles obtained by bulk polymerization for the solid phase extractive preconcentration of cobalt and nickel was investigated in detail and explores the possibility of employing this procedure for the analysis of cobalt and nickel in soil and sediment samples using a simple, low cost and readily available flame atomic absorption spectrometric instrument was explored." ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 1377 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18970015_MESH:D003035_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cobalt" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003035" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D009532_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel" ], "offsets": [ [ 54, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009532" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "5,7-dichloroquinone-8-ol" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 90 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D020058_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "styrene" ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020058" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C004919_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethylene glycol dimethacrylate" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 138 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004919" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D011108_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "styrene-divinyl benzene" ], "offsets": [ [ 262, 285 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DVB" ], "offsets": [ [ 287, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C004919_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethylene glycol dimethacrylate" ], "offsets": [ [ 292, 322 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004919" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C004919_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "EGDMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 324, 329 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004919" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "quinoline-8-ol" ], "offsets": [ [ 354, 368 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D005973_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Q" ], "offsets": [ [ 370, 371 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005973" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C039283_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dihalo" ], "offsets": [ [ 380, 386 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C039283" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C029351_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "4-vinyl pyridine" ], "offsets": [ [ 447, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C029351" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C029351_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "VP" ], "offsets": [ [ 465, 467 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C029351" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D011108_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymers" ], "offsets": [ [ 492, 500 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D003035_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cobalt" ], "offsets": [ [ 522, 528 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003035" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D009532_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel" ], "offsets": [ [ 533, 539 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009532" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_-_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "5,7-dichloroquinoline-8-ol" ], "offsets": [ [ 573, 599 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_-_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DCQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 601, 604 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D020058_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "styrene" ], "offsets": [ [ 615, 622 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020058" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C004919_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "EGDMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 623, 628 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004919" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D011108_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 629, 636 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D003035_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cobalt" ], "offsets": [ [ 654, 660 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003035" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D009532_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel" ], "offsets": [ [ 665, 671 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009532" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D020058_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Styrene" ], "offsets": [ [ 756, 763 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020058" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C004919_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "EGDMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 764, 769 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004919" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_-_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DCQ" ], "offsets": [ [ 771, 774 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D020058_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "styrene" ], "offsets": [ [ 784, 791 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020058" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:C004919_29", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "EGDMA" ], "offsets": [ [ 792, 797 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004919" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D003035_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cobalt" ], "offsets": [ [ 844, 850 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003035" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D009532_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel" ], "offsets": [ [ 851, 857 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009532" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D011108_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymers" ], "offsets": [ [ 865, 873 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D011108_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 998, 1005 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D003035_34", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cobalt" ], "offsets": [ [ 1099, 1105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003035" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D009532_35", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel" ], "offsets": [ [ 1110, 1116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009532" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D003035_36", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cobalt" ], "offsets": [ [ 1221, 1227 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003035" } ] }, { "id": "18970015_MESH:D009532_37", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel" ], "offsets": [ [ 1232, 1238 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009532" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1639340_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Cholesterol metabolism in human gallbladder mucosa: relationship to cholesterol gallstone disease and effects of chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid treatment." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 170 ] ] }, { "id": "1639340_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The objective of this study was to investigate cholesterol metabolism in human gallbladder mucosa, especially in relation to hepatic cholesterol metabolism, gallstone disease and treatment with bile acids. Gallbladder mucosa and liver tissue samples were collected in 44 patients undergoing cholecystectomy; 30 had cholesterol gallstones and the rest were stone free. Ten of the gallstone patients were treated with chenodeoxycholic acid and eight received ursodeoxycholic acid, with a daily dose of 15 mg/kg body wt, for 3 wk before surgery. The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity, governing cholesterol synthesis, was considerably lower in the gallbladder mucosa than in liver tissue (28 +/- 6 and 120 +/- 40 pmol/min/mg protein). The acyl coenzyme A:acyltransferase activity in the gallbladder mucosa catalyzing the esterification of cholesterol was, on the other hand, several times higher than corresponding activity in the liver (92 +/- 23 and 11 +/- 2 pmol/min/mg protein). In the presence of exogenous cholesterol, the acyl coenzyme A:acyltransferase activity increased about twofold in the gallbladder mucosa. The acyl coenzyme A:acyltransferase activity of the gallbladder mucosa from untreated gallstone patients was not stimulated further by the addition of exogenous cholesterol. Otherwise, there were no significant differences in acyl coenzyme A:acyltransferase and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activities in the gallbladder mucosa of gallstone patients compared with gallstone-free controls. Treatment with chenodeoxycholic and ursodeoxycholic acids did not affect the 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity of the gallbladder mucosa but reduced the acyl coenzyme A:acyltransferase activity by 60% to 65%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)" ], "offsets": [ [ 171, 1984 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1639340_MESH:D002784_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 11 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 26, 31 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D042882_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cholesterol gallstone disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D042882" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D002635_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chenodeoxycholic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002635" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D014580_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ursodeoxycholic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 159 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014580" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D002784_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 218, 229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 244, 249 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D056486_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic cholesterol metabolism" ], "offsets": [ [ 296, 326 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D042882_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gallstone disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 328, 345 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D042882" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D001647_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bile acids" ], "offsets": [ [ 365, 375 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001647" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 442, 450 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D042882_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cholesterol gallstones" ], "offsets": [ [ 486, 508 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D042882" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D042882_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gallstone" ], "offsets": [ [ 550, 559 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D042882" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 560, 568 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D002635_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chenodeoxycholic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 587, 608 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002635" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D014580_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ursodeoxycholic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 628, 648 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014580" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_3156_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase" ], "offsets": [ [ 718, 765 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3156" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D002784_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 786, 797 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D002784_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1030, 1041 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D002784_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1203, 1214 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D042882_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gallstone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1398, 1407 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D042882" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1408, 1416 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D002784_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1473, 1484 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D042882_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gallstone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1662, 1671 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D042882" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_9606_24", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1672, 1680 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D042882_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gallstone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1695, 1704 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D042882" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_-_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chenodeoxycholic" ], "offsets": [ [ 1735, 1751 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_MESH:D014580_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ursodeoxycholic acids" ], "offsets": [ [ 1756, 1777 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014580" } ] }, { "id": "1639340_3156_28", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase" ], "offsets": [ [ 1797, 1844 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3156" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26504994_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "RGB Recombination Zone Tuning to Improve Optical Characteristics of White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 104 ] ] }, { "id": "26504994_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "White organic light emitting diodes (WOLEDs) were fabricated using blue, green and red emitting layers (EMLs). The device has a structure of ITO/NPB/EML/Alq3/Liq/Al. Here, to control the white color balance, the location of the blue EML in the WOLEDs was fixed and only the thickness of blue EML was changed while both thickness and position of the green and red EMLs were adjusted. When adjusting the thickness of blue EML, the occurrence area of recombination zone was changed to influence the green luminescence. When adjusting the location and thickness of red EML, it could be found that the current density is more sensitive to the location of red EML than its thickness. Furthermore, it was discovered that light was emitted due to the Forster energy transfer even if it was apart from the recombination zone. WOLEDs with a maximum luminance of 17,740 cd/m,2 an external quantum efficiency of 2.12% at 100 cd/m,2 CIE coordinates of (0.328,0.301) and a color temperature of 6,185 K were obtained." ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 1107 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26504994_256933_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "NPB" ], "offsets": [ [ 250, 253 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "256933" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14372623_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Biliary dyskinesia in relation to the duodenum]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "id": "14372623_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 50 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14372623_MESH:D004409_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Biliary dyskinesia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004409" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "16774164_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The questionable tooth." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 23 ] ] }, { "id": "16774164_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 24, 24 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30801079_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Efficient polycrystalline silicon solar cells with double metal oxide layers." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 77 ] ] }, { "id": "30801079_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Crystalline silicon solar cells can achieve high power conversion efficiency and can be successfully commercialized; however, the exploration of optimization strategies is still necessary. Here, we demonstrated improved performance of a polycrystalline silicon solar cell by depositing Sb2Ox/CdO double layers onto a Si wafer via a low-cost route. The metal oxide layers, forming effective heterojunctions, suppressed carrier recombination and reduced surface reflection. Additionally, the heterojunctions of Sb2Ox/CdO/Si enhanced the transmission of electrons and holes and simultaneously, a wider response range in the solar spectrum was realized. The power conversion efficiency improved from 12.6 to 16.7% in a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, with relative increase of 33%. It is expected that the metal oxide-enhanced devices will have tremendous potential in commercial applications." ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 971 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30801079_MESH:D012825_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "silicon" ], "offsets": [ [ 26, 33 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012825" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_MESH:D012825_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "silicon" ], "offsets": [ [ 331, 338 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012825" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Sb2Ox" ], "offsets": [ [ 364, 369 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_50937_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CdO" ], "offsets": [ [ 370, 373 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "50937" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_MESH:D012825_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Si" ], "offsets": [ [ 395, 397 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012825" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 430, 441 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Sb2Ox" ], "offsets": [ [ 587, 592 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_50937_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CdO" ], "offsets": [ [ 593, 596 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "50937" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_MESH:D012825_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Si" ], "offsets": [ [ 597, 599 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012825" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_MESH:D012825_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "silicon" ], "offsets": [ [ 809, 816 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012825" } ] }, { "id": "30801079_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 884, 895 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3687352_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Blood substitution and complement activation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 45 ] ] }, { "id": "3687352_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Complement activation was studied in 45 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty under epidural anesthesia. The patients were randomly allocated to three groups. In Group I blood loss was replaced with microaggregate-poor erythrocyte concentrate (SAGM-ERC) plus 3% dextran-60 as plasma substitute, and postoperative analgesia was maintained with intramuscular ketobemidone. In Group II blood loss was replaced as in Group I, but epidural anesthesia was prolonged 12 h postoperatively and kept at a level of T4 with 0.5% bupivacaine. In Group III blood loss was replaced with non-frozen stored plasma plus SAGM-ERC, and postoperative analgesia was maintained with ketobemidone as in Group I. All groups received pre- and postoperative thrombo-prophylaxis with dextran. The plasma concentration of C3a-des-arginine (C3a-desArg) was measured by radioimmunoassay preoperatively, immediately after operation and 3, 6 and 18 h postoperatively. No significant differences in plasma C3 and C4 were found between the groups. C3a-desArg was significantly (P less than 0.01) increased up to 6 h postoperatively in Group III compared with both the preoperative value and Groups I and II. It is demonstrated that infusion of plasma can enhance or initiate endogenous complement activation. Blood component therapy with SAGM-ERC and 3% dextran-60, on the other hand, did not significantly increase the plasma level of C3a-desArg irrespective of the type of postoperative analgesia." ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 1515 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3687352_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 160, 168 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dextran-60" ], "offsets": [ [ 313, 323 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_MESH:C012394_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ketobemidone" ], "offsets": [ [ 408, 420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C012394" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_MESH:D006473_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Group II blood loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 425, 444 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006473" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_MESH:D002045_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bupivacaine" ], "offsets": [ [ 568, 579 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002045" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_MESH:C012394_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ketobemidone" ], "offsets": [ [ 711, 723 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C012394" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_MESH:D010149_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "postoperative thrombo-prophylaxis" ], "offsets": [ [ 768, 801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010149" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_MESH:D003911_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dextran" ], "offsets": [ [ 807, 814 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003911" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_718_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "C3a" ], "offsets": [ [ 844, 847 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "718" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_718_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "C3a" ], "offsets": [ [ 862, 865 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "718" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_718_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "C3a" ], "offsets": [ [ 1064, 1067 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "718" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SAGM" ], "offsets": [ [ 1354, 1358 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dextran-60" ], "offsets": [ [ 1370, 1380 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "3687352_718_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "C3a" ], "offsets": [ [ 1452, 1455 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "718" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30950277_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "mineXpert: Biological Mass Spectrometry Data Visualization and Mining with Full JavaScript Ability." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 99 ] ] }, { "id": "30950277_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Biological mass spectrometry mainly comprises three fields of endeavor, namely, proteomics, metabolomics, and structural biology. In each of these specialties, the mass spectrometrist needs to access MS1 mass spectral data, although not necessarily on the same basis. For example, the bottom-up proteomics scientist will occasionally access MS1 data to perform data inspection, quality assessments, and quantitation measurements, whereas top-down proteomics, structural biology, or metabolomics scientists will actually spend most of their time mining profile-mode MS1 data. Furthermore, the advent of ion mobility-mass spectrometry imposes new manners of mass spectral data visualization. An open-source MS1-only mass data visualization software for the desktop was developed to allow scientists to visualize conventional and drift time mass data. Various mass data integrations are possible, allowing a thorough mass spectral data scrutiny. Isotopic cluster calculations are easily carried over from the chemical formula up to the display of the mass spectrum. Deconvolution of mass peaks can be achieved with a simple mouse drag. Flexible reporting of data inspection events and of mining discoveries is provided. Very large sparse data sets can be sliced into smaller chunks replicating the original data without data loss. Task automation is achieved in a JavaScript environment. This project allows users of mass spectrometry facilities to inspect and mine their MS1 mass data outside of these facilities without having to resort to the closed-source vendor software shipped with the instruments. mineXpert requires no proprietary software whatsoever once the mass spectrometry data have been converted to mzML. The reference implementation is version 5.8.2 or greater. Reference material, a detailed user manual, and video tutorials are available at http://www.msxpertsuite.org ." ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 1986 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30950277_10090_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 1221, 1226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9717635_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Paravertebral ligamentous ossification: DISH, OPLL and OLF." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 59 ] ] }, { "id": "9717635_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This is an overview of paravertebral ligamentous ossification based on our 5-year experience in ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (109 cases) and ossification of ligamentum flavum (18 cases). Paravertebral ligamentous ossification is designated as the disorder caused by frequently coexisting ossification of paravertebral ligaments, DISH, OPLL, and OLF. The frequency of the occurrence of isolated ossification of PLL and OLF in Japan is still uncertain. DISH, which is not rare in Europe or North America, is frequently associated with ossification of the posterior aspect of the vertebral bodies, but it may be less symptomatic. The major cause of the probably higher incidence of symptomatic patients in Japan may be due to associated narrowing of the spinal canal." ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 843 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9717635_7933_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "OPLL" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7933" } ] }, { "id": "9717635_83857_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "OLF" ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 58 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "83857" } ] }, { "id": "9717635_MESH:D017887_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ossification of posterior longitudinal" ], "offsets": [ [ 156, 194 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017887" } ] }, { "id": "9717635_7933_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "OPLL" ], "offsets": [ [ 414, 418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7933" } ] }, { "id": "9717635_83857_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "OLF" ], "offsets": [ [ 424, 427 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "83857" } ] }, { "id": "9717635_83857_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "OLF" ], "offsets": [ [ 497, 500 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "83857" } ] }, { "id": "9717635_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 770, 778 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7345197_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Urodynamic studies on detrusor hyperreflexia. III. Clinical treatment of detrusor hyperreflexia by TURP, oral administration of flavoxate and prolonged bladder distension (author's transl)]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 191 ] ] }, { "id": "7345197_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 192, 192 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7345197_MESH:D012021_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "detrusor hyperreflexia" ], "offsets": [ [ 23, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012021" } ] }, { "id": "7345197_MESH:D012021_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "detrusor hyperreflexia" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 96 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012021" } ] }, { "id": "7345197_MESH:D005422_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "flavoxate" ], "offsets": [ [ 129, 138 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005422" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6474651_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Laser iridectomy during an acute attack of primary glaucoma]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 62 ] ] }, { "id": "6474651_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 63 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6474651_MESH:D005901_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "glaucoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005901" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29599481_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Developing transmission line equations of oxygen transport for predicting oxygen distribution in the arterial system." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 117 ] ] }, { "id": "29599481_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The oxygen content in the arterial system plays a significant role in determining the physiological status of a human body. Understanding the oxygen concentration distribution in the arterial system is beneficial for the prevention and intervention of vascular disease. However, the oxygen concentration in the arteries could not be noninvasively monitored in clinical research. Although the oxygen concentration distribution in a vessel could be obtained from a three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation of blood flow coupled with oxygen transport, a 3D numerical simulation of the systemic arterial tree is complicated and requires considerable computational resources and time. However, the lumped parameter model of oxygen transport derived from transmission line equations of oxygen transport requires fewer computational resources and less time to numerically predict the oxygen concentration distribution in the systemic arterial tree. In this study, transmission line equations of oxygen transport are developed according to the theory of oxygen transport in the vessel, and fluid transmission line equations are used as the theoretical reference for the development. The transmission line equations of oxygen transport could also be regarded as the theoretical basis for developing lumped parameter models of other substances in blood." ], "offsets": [ [ 118, 1464 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 42, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 80 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 122, 128 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 235 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 260, 266 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D000783_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "vascular disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 370, 386 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000783" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 401, 407 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 510, 516 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 652, 658 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 840, 846 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 901, 907 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 998, 1004 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1109, 1115 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1167, 1173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "29599481_MESH:D010100_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1331, 1337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18953183_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Neonatal stress or morphine treatment alters adult mouse conditioned place preference." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "18953183_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Hospitalized preterm infants may experience pain and stress, and narcotics are often administered to lessen their suffering. However, prolonged narcotic therapy may be detrimental during neonatal brain development. Using a rat model combining neonatal stress and morphine, we found that neonatal morphine impaired adult learning. Here we describe a new mouse model examining lasting effects of neonatal stress and morphine. OBJECTIVE: We tested whether repeated neonatal stress and/or morphine exposure affects early neurodevelopmental or adult behaviors. METHODS: Five groups of C57/BL6 mice (1: untreated; 2: morphine (2 mg/kg s.c., b.i.d.); 3: saline, 4: stress + morphine; 5: stress + saline) were treated from postnatal day (P) 5 to P9. Stress consisted of daily maternal separation/isolation (08:00-15:00 h) with gavage feedings and twice daily exposure to brief hypoxia/hyperoxia. Developmental behaviors included righting (P5) and negative geotaxis (P9). Adult behaviors included elevated plus maze, morphine place-preference conditioning, and forced-swimming. Plasma concentrations of morphine (P7) and corticosterone (P9 and adult) were measured. RESULTS: Neonatal stress or neonatal morphine alone impaired adult place-preference conditioning, but the combination did not (interaction p < 0.01). Adult basal corticosterones were reduced by neonatal morphine treatment. There were no substantial differences in elevated plus maze or forced-swimming times. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal stress and morphine treatment produced long-lasting behavioral and hormonal effects which suggest that neonatal morphine reduces adult arousal and neonatal stress exaggerates adult arousal, each to a degree sufficient to alter learning, while the combined impact of these neonatal treatments does not alter adult learning." ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 1909 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 9, 15 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 19, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_10090_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 56 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "infants" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D010146_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 147 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 152, 158 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_10116_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 322, 325 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 351, 357 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 362, 370 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 395, 403 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D007859_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impaired adult learning" ], "offsets": [ [ 404, 427 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007859" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_10090_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 452, 457 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 502, 508 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 513, 521 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 570, 576 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 584, 592 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_10090_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 687, 691 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 710, 718 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 757, 763 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 766, 774 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 779, 785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 841, 847 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000860_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 968, 975 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000860" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D018496_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperoxia" ], "offsets": [ [ 976, 985 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018496" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1107, 1115 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1193, 1201 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D003345_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "corticosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1211, 1225 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003345" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_27", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 1274, 1280 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_28", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1293, 1301 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D003345_29", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "corticosterones" ], "offsets": [ [ 1418, 1433 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003345" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1459, 1467 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 1587, 1593 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_32", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1598, 1606 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D009020_33", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "morphine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1699, 1707 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009020" } ] }, { "id": "18953183_MESH:D000079225_34", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 1743, 1749 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28288368_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Impact of acute alcohol consumption on lethality of suicide methods." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 68 ] ] }, { "id": "28288368_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: The influence of acute alcohol consumption on the factors related to suicide remains understudied. Thus, the present study investigated the relationship between blood alcohol content (BAC) and the lethality of suicide methods. METHODS: Autopsy data on 315 South Korean suicide completers with a positive BAC were collected from a nationwide pool between May 2015 and November 2015, and the methods were dichotomised as suicide methods of low lethality (SMLL; drug/chemical overdose and sharp objects, n=67) and suicide methods of high lethality (SMHL; everything else, n=243). BAC at the time of autopsy and various suicide-related factors of these two groups were compared with logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Compared to suicide completers with a BAC in the lowest range of 0.011-0.049%, suicide completers with a BAC in the range of 0.150-0.199% were more likely to use SMHL (odds ratio [OR]: 3.644, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.221-10.874). Additionally, the adoption of SMHL was significantly associated with the absence of a psychiatric illness (OR: 0.433, 95% CI: 0.222-0.843) and a younger age; the OR for high BAC among subjects in their 40s was 0.266 (95% CI: 0.083-0.856); in their 50s, 0.183 (95% CI: 0.055-0.615); and in their 60s, 0.057 (95% CI: 0.015-0.216). CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between BAC and suicide method lethality was represented by a bell-shaped pattern in which suicide methods of high lethality were more likely to be used by suicide completers with mid-range BAC levels. The increased impulsivity and impairments in particular executive functions, including planning and organization, associated with acute alcohol use may influence the selection of a particular suicide method based on its lethality." ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 1827 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28288368_MESH:D000438_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "28288368_MESH:D000438_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "28288368_MESH:D000438_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 248, 255 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] }, { "id": "28288368_MESH:D062787_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "overdose" ], "offsets": [ [ 554, 562 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D062787" } ] }, { "id": "28288368_MESH:D001523_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychiatric illness" ], "offsets": [ [ 1122, 1141 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "28288368_MESH:D007174_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impulsivity" ], "offsets": [ [ 1611, 1622 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007174" } ] }, { "id": "28288368_MESH:D000438_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcohol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1733, 1740 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000438" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7320304_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Case report. Circumaortic left renal vein." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 42 ] ] }, { "id": "7320304_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Although computed tomographic (CT) characteristics of the inferior vena cava may mimic lymphadenopathy, careful appraisal of the vascular anatomy can diagnose major vascular anomalies by noninvasive techniques, eliminating the need for angiography as well as alerting our surgical colleagues of the benign nature of this entity. We document the first case of circumaortic renal vein by CT, discuss the CT appearance, and review its clinical significance." ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 497 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7320304_MESH:D008206_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphadenopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 130, 145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008206" } ] }, { "id": "7320304_MESH:D000783_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "vascular anomalies" ], "offsets": [ [ 208, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000783" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32719331_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "HIF-1alpha regulates cellular metabolism, and Imatinib resistance by targeting phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in gastrointestinal stromal tumors." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 145 ] ] }, { "id": "32719331_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) plays a critical role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis in tumor cells and macromolecule biosynthesis. Upregulation of the PPP has been shown in several types of tumor. However, how the PPP is regulated to confer selective growth advantages on drug resistant tumor cells is not well understood. Here we show a metabolic shift from tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) to PPP after a long period induction of Imatinib (IM). One of the rate-limiting enzymes of the PPP-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), is dramatically upregulated in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) and GIST cell lines resistant to Imatinib (IM) compared with sensitive controls. Functional studies revealed that the overexpression of PGD in resistant GIST cell lines promoted cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis. Mechanistic analyses suggested that the protein level of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) increased during long time stimulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by IM. Importantly, we further demonstrated that HIF-1alpha also had positive correlation with PGD, resulting in the change of metabolic pathway, and ultimately causing drug resistance in GIST. Our findings show that long term use of IM alters the metabolic phenotype of GIST through ROS and HIF-1alpha, and this may contribute to IM resistance. Our work offers preclinical proof of metabolic target as an effective strategy for the treatment of drug resistance in GIST." ], "offsets": [ [ 146, 1641 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32719331_3091_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "HIF-1alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 10 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3091" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D000068877_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Imatinib" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068877" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_5226_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "phosphogluconate dehydrogenase" ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "5226" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D046152_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal stromal tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 144 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046152" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D010428_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pentose phosphate" ], "offsets": [ [ 150, 167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010428" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D009369_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 249, 254 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D009369_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 352, 357 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D009369_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 449, 454 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D014233_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tricarboxylic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 521, 539 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014233" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D000068877_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Imatinib" ], "offsets": [ [ 592, 600 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068877" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D000068877_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "IM" ], "offsets": [ [ 602, 604 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068877" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_26227_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PPP-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase" ], "offsets": [ [ 647, 681 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26227" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_26227_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PGD" ], "offsets": [ [ 683, 686 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26227" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D046152_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastrointestinal stromal tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 720, 751 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046152" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D046152_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GISTs" ], "offsets": [ [ 753, 758 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046152" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D000068877_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Imatinib" ], "offsets": [ [ 793, 801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068877" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_26227_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PGD" ], "offsets": [ [ 896, 899 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26227" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_3091_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1045, 1076 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3091" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_3091_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "HIF-1alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1078, 1088 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3091" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D017382_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "reactive oxygen species" ], "offsets": [ [ 1132, 1155 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017382" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_MESH:D017382_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ROS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1157, 1160 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017382" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_3091_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "HIF-1alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1220, 1230 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3091" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_26227_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PGD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1266, 1269 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26227" } ] }, { "id": "32719331_3091_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "HIF-1alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1463, 1473 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3091" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11174421_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Idiopathic leukonychia totalis and partialis in a 12-year-old patient." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "11174421_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Leukonychia totalis and partialis are uncommon nail findings characterized by the complete or partial whitening of the nail plate. Most cases of true leukonychia are inherited. We present a rare case of a young man with persistent, progressive, acquired leukonychia totalis and partialis." ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 359 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11174421_OMIM:151600_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Idiopathic leukonychia" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 22 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "OMIM:151600" } ] }, { "id": "11174421_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29831939_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Immunisation against Measles." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 29 ] ] }, { "id": "29831939_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 30, 30 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2252087_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Secondary damage to the knee after isolated injury of the anterior cruciate ligament." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 85 ] ] }, { "id": "2252087_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Between 1978 and 1984, we examined and performed arthroscopy on 1000 consecutive patients. Ninety-eight of the 1000 had isolated ACL damage. These cases do not include patients with initial ACL injuries combined with other intraarticular damage. Diagnosis was by physical and arthroscopic examination. Examination took place an average 13.6 months after injury. Of the 98 isolated ACL injuries, 56 were complete ruptures and 42 were partial ruptures. In most cases of partial rupture, the clinical diagnosis was wrong. \"Meniscal damage\" was the usual diagnosis in these cases; the true diagnosis was made only by arthroscopic examination. Thirty-four of the 98 patients with isolated ACL injuries (30 men and 4 women) developed further intraarticular damage. Of these 34, 20 had complete ACL rupture and 14 had partial ACL rupture. Treatment after primary injury included physiotherapy in all patients and bracing in those whose knee was unstable during daily activities. Reconstructive surgical procedures were not performed in those patients. The time lapse from the primary to the secondary injury varied from 1 month to 20 years, with an average of 28 months. The secondary damage was caused by a secondary injury that was mild (22 cases) or developed insidiously (12 cases). Five types of secondary damage were observed: partial ACL tears that became complete--11 cases; meniscal tear--8 cases; loosening and subluxation of the anterior horn of the medial meniscus--14 cases; and fracture or damage to the articular condylar cartilage, with or without bone involvement--11 cases. It should be emphasized that the secondary damages were at times combined." ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 1745 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2252087_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 167, 175 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 254, 262 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D000070598_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "isolated ACL injuries" ], "offsets": [ [ 458, 479 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000070598" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D012421_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ruptures" ], "offsets": [ [ 498, 506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012421" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D012421_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ruptures" ], "offsets": [ [ 527, 535 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012421" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D012421_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rupture" ], "offsets": [ [ 562, 569 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012421" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 747, 755 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D000070598_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "isolated ACL injuries" ], "offsets": [ [ 761, 782 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000070598" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 787, 790 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 797, 802 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D012421_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rupture" ], "offsets": [ [ 878, 885 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012421" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D012421_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rupture" ], "offsets": [ [ 909, 916 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012421" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 979, 987 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1121, 1129 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D060085_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "secondary injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 1170, 1186 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D060085" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D060085_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "secondary injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 1287, 1303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D060085" } ] }, { "id": "2252087_MESH:D050723_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fracture" ], "offsets": [ [ 1571, 1579 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050723" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23220791_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Applicability of molecular simulations for modelling the adsorption of the greenhouse gas CF4 on carbons." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 105 ] ] }, { "id": "23220791_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Tetrafluoromethane, CF(4), is a powerful greenhouse gas, and the possibility of storing it in microporous carbon has been widely studied. In this paper we show, for the first time, that the results of molecular simulations can be very helpful in the study of CF(4) adsorption. Moreover, experimental data fit to the results collected from simulations. We explain the meaning of the empirical parameters of the supercritical Dubinin-Astakhov model proposed by Ozawa and finally the meaning of the parameter k of the empirical relation proposed by Amankwah and Schwarz." ], "offsets": [ [ 106, 673 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23220791_MESH:D002244_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "carbons" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 104 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002244" } ] }, { "id": "23220791_MESH:C538689_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Tetrafluoromethane" ], "offsets": [ [ 106, 124 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C538689" } ] }, { "id": "23220791_MESH:D002244_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "carbon" ], "offsets": [ [ 212, 218 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002244" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31963345_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Venomics and Cellular Toxicity of Thai Pit Vipers (Trimeresurus macrops and T. hageni)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 87 ] ] }, { "id": "31963345_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The two venomous pit vipers, Trimeresurus macrops and T. hageni, are distributed throughout Thailand, although their abundance varies among different areas. No species-specific antivenom is available for their bite victims, and the only recorded treatment method is a horse antivenom raised against T. albolabris crude venom. To facilitate assessment of the cross-reactivity of heterologous antivenoms, protein profiles of T. macrops and T. hageni venoms were explored using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. The results show that 185 and 216 proteins were identified from T. macrops and T. hageni venoms, respectively. Two major protein components in T. macrops and T. hageni venoms were snake venom serine protease and metalloproteinase. The toxicity of the venoms on human monocytes and skin fibroblasts was analyzed, and both showed a greater cytotoxic effect on fibroblasts than monocytic cells, with toxicity occurring in a dose-dependent rather than a time-dependent manner. Exploring the protein composition of snake venom leads to a better understanding of the envenoming of prey. Moreover, knowledge of pit viper venomics facilitates the selection of the optimum heterologous antivenoms for treating bite victims." ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 1313 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31963345_MESH:D064420_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_8710_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Pit Vipers" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "8710" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_197217_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Trimeresurus macrops" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 71 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "197217" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_109782_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. hageni" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "109782" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_8710_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "pit vipers" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 115 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "8710" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_197217_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Trimeresurus macrops" ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 137 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "197217" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_109782_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. hageni" ], "offsets": [ [ 142, 151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "109782" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_8765_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. albolabris" ], "offsets": [ [ 387, 400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "8765" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_197217_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. macrops" ], "offsets": [ [ 511, 521 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "197217" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_109782_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. hageni" ], "offsets": [ [ 526, 535 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "109782" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_197217_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. macrops" ], "offsets": [ [ 663, 673 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "197217" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_109782_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. hageni" ], "offsets": [ [ 678, 687 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "109782" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_197217_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. macrops" ], "offsets": [ [ 742, 752 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "197217" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_109782_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "T. hageni" ], "offsets": [ [ 757, 766 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "109782" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_MESH:D012694_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "serine" ], "offsets": [ [ 791, 797 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012694" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_MESH:D064420_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 834, 842 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 860, 865 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_MESH:D064420_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 996, 1004 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "31963345_31156_18", "type": "Species", "text": [ "viper" ], "offsets": [ [ 1207, 1212 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "31156" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32040363_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "If Scotland can, why not England?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 33 ] ] }, { "id": "32040363_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 34, 34 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26885174_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Intrapleural administration of DNase alone for pleural empyema." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 63 ] ] }, { "id": "26885174_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "INTRODUCTION: Pleural empyema is a severe complication of various diseases. The essential is the inserting a drain into the pleural cavity and evacuation of the pus. Sometimes the pus is very thick and its evacuation and re-expansion of the lung is very difficult. METHODS: We report a group of 10 patients with intrapleural administration of Pulmozyme (dornase alpha) in dosages of either 2.5 mg once or on two separate occasions. All of the patients had a chest tube inserted into the pleural cavity. Measurement of viscosity was done before and after the instillation of the dornase alpha. RESULTS: In six patients dornase alfa was introduced into the pleural cavity once. Three of them received this on the 4th whilst the rest were treated with the agent on the 6th day. Four patients received the dornase alpha twice because of the small amount of drainage fluid after the previous instillation. Five patients were discharged from hospital with complete re-expansion of their lungs. Two patients were qualified for a surgical operation since the lung was trapped and did not re-expand. Three patients had to be discharged with a drain as a result of incomplete re-expansion of the lung. In all the patients the density of the pus after administering the dornase alpha decreased and the amount of the pus drainage increased. CONCLUSIONS: Dornase alpha may be used in some patients with pleural empyema with good results." ], "offsets": [ [ 64, 1488 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26885174_MESH:D016724_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pleural empyema" ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 62 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016724" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_MESH:D016724_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Pleural empyema" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 93 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016724" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 362, 370 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 507, 515 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 673, 681 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 844, 852 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 970, 978 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1056, 1064 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1161, 1169 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1267, 1275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1440, 1448 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26885174_MESH:D016724_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pleural empyema" ], "offsets": [ [ 1454, 1469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016724" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12003456_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Response styles among patients with minor depression and dysthymia in primary care." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "12003456_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Ruminative responses to depression have predicted duration and severity of depressive symptoms. The authors examined how response styles change over the course of treatment for depression and as a function of type of treatment. They also examined the ability of response styles to predict treatment outcome and status at follow-up. Primary care patients (n = 96) with dysthymia or minor depression were randomly assigned to problem-solving therapy, paroxetine, or placebo. Patients' depressive symptoms and rumination, but not distraction, decreased over time. Pretreatment rumination and distraction were associated with more depressive symptoms at the conclusion of treatment; the latter finding was not consistent with the response style theory of depression. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for this theory." ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 916 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12003456_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D000275_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 42, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D019263_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dysthymia" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 66 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019263" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D000275_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 118 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D000275_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive symptoms" ], "offsets": [ [ 159, 178 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D000275_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 261, 271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 429, 437 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D019263_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dysthymia" ], "offsets": [ [ 452, 461 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019263" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D000275_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 471, 481 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D017374_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "paroxetine" ], "offsets": [ [ 533, 543 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017374" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 557, 565 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D000275_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive symptoms" ], "offsets": [ [ 567, 586 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D000275_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive symptoms" ], "offsets": [ [ 711, 730 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12003456_MESH:D000275_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 835, 845 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3973879_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Women and minor psychiatric morbidity." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 38 ] ] }, { "id": "3973879_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 39 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3973879_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Women" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 5 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "3973879_MESH:D001523_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychiatric" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10942560_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Preparation of Micrometer Size Budesonide Particles by Precipitation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "10942560_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Particles of different shape, size and crystallinity of budesonide, a hydrocortisone streroid, were prepared by precipitation. The method is based on taking advantage of the different solubility of this material in certain organic solvents (ethanol, acetone) and water or alcanes. In principle, to solutions of budesonide, water was added until the solids precipitate or the same solute in mixed solvents was carefully separated by evaporation of the more volatile component at room temperature. The morphology, size, and stability of the resulting particles were sensitive to the evaporation technique, stirring, and presence of a stabilizing agent. Copyright 2000 Academic Press." ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 751 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10942560_MESH:D019819_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Budesonide" ], "offsets": [ [ 31, 41 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019819" } ] }, { "id": "10942560_MESH:D019819_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "budesonide" ], "offsets": [ [ 126, 136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019819" } ] }, { "id": "10942560_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hydrocortisone streroid" ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 163 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "10942560_MESH:D000431_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 311, 318 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "10942560_MESH:D000096_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "acetone" ], "offsets": [ [ 320, 327 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000096" } ] }, { "id": "10942560_MESH:D014867_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 333, 338 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "10942560_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "alcanes" ], "offsets": [ [ 342, 349 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "10942560_MESH:D019819_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "budesonide" ], "offsets": [ [ 381, 391 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019819" } ] }, { "id": "10942560_MESH:D014867_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 393, 398 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8166644_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Differential changes in the association and dissociation rate constants for binding of cystatins to target proteinases occurring on N-terminal truncation of the inhibitors indicate that the interaction mechanism varies with different enzymes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 242 ] ] }, { "id": "8166644_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The importance of the N-terminal region of human cystatin C or chicken cystatin for the kinetics of interactions of the inhibitors with four cysteine proteinases was characterized. The association rate constants for the binding of recombinant human cystatin C to papain, ficin, actinidin and recombinant rat cathepsin B were 1.1 x 10(7), 7.0 x 10(6), 2.4 x 10(6) and 1.4 x 10(6) M-1.s-1, whereas the corresponding dissociation rate constants were 1.3 x 10(-7), 9.2 x 10(-6), 4.6 x 10(-2) and 3.5 x 10(-4) s-1. N-Terminal truncation of the first ten residues of the inhibitor negligibly affected the association rate constant with papain or ficin, but increased the dissociation rate constant approx. 3 x 10(4)- to 2 x 10(6)-fold. In contrast, such truncation decreased the association rate constant with cathepsin B approx. 60-fold, while minimally affecting the dissociation rate constant. With actinidin, the truncated cystatin C had both an approx. 15-fold lower association rate constant and an approx. 15-fold higher dissociation rate constant than the intact inhibitor. Similar results were obtained for intact and N-terminally truncated chicken cystatin. The decreased affinity of human cystatin C or chicken cystatin for cysteine proteinases after removal of the N-terminal region is thus due to either a decreased association rate constant or an increased dissociation rate constant, or both, depending on the enzyme. This behaviour indicates that the contribution of the N-terminal segment of the two inhibitors to the interaction mechanism varies with the target proteinase as a result of structural differences in the active-site region of the enzyme." ], "offsets": [ [ 243, 1906 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8166644_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 286, 291 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_1471_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cystatin C" ], "offsets": [ [ 292, 302 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1471" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_9031_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "chicken" ], "offsets": [ [ 306, 313 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9031" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_396497_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cystatin" ], "offsets": [ [ 314, 322 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "396497" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 486, 491 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_1471_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cystatin C" ], "offsets": [ [ 492, 502 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1471" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_10116_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 547, 550 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_64529_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cathepsin B" ], "offsets": [ [ 551, 562 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "64529" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_64529_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cathepsin B" ], "offsets": [ [ 1047, 1058 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "64529" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_25307_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cystatin C" ], "offsets": [ [ 1164, 1174 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25307" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_9031_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "chicken" ], "offsets": [ [ 1387, 1394 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9031" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_396497_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cystatin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1395, 1403 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "396497" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1431, 1436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_1471_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cystatin C" ], "offsets": [ [ 1437, 1447 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1471" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_9031_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "chicken" ], "offsets": [ [ 1451, 1458 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9031" } ] }, { "id": "8166644_396497_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "cystatin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1459, 1467 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "396497" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14947743_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[New problems concerning viability and hemolytic disease of the newborn]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 73 ] ] }, { "id": "14947743_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 74, 74 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14947743_MESH:D004899_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hemolytic disease of the newborn" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 71 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004899" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11606764_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Point mutation in the mouse glucocorticoid receptor preventing DNA binding impairs spatial memory." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 98 ] ] }, { "id": "11606764_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Activation of central glucocorticoid receptors caused by the stress that is associated with a learning task facilitates storage of the acquired information. The molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon is entirely unknown. Glucocorticoid receptors can influence transcription both through DNA binding-dependent and -independent mechanisms. To assess the importance of these two modes of action for spatial memory, we here used male mutant mice in which homodimerization and DNA binding of the glucocorticoid receptor is largely prevented (GR(dim/dim)) while protein-protein interactions still can take place. These mice showed a selective impairment of spatial memory in the water maze. Locomotion and anxiety-related parameters measured in an open field and a light/dark preference task were comparable for mutant and control mice. Mutant mice released more corticosterone than control mice under basal resting conditions and in response to swimming, which could have influenced memory processes of the mice. However, mimicking the task-related increase in corticosterone by supplementary injection of corticosterone (250 microg/kg, i.p.) in adrenalectomized mice, resulting in equal plasma corticosterone concentrations in both genotypes, improved spatial memory of control mice but had no effect on mutant mice. These findings suggest that task-related facilitating effects of corticosterone on spatial memory indeed depend on DNA binding of the glucocorticoid receptor rather than on protein-protein interactions of the receptor with other transcription factors. Although it cannot be excluded that both processes are involved in a coordinated way, interrupting the DNA-binding capacity of the receptor is sufficient to induce impairment." ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 1847 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11606764_10090_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 27 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_14815_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "glucocorticoid receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 51 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "14815" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D000079225_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 160, 166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000079225" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 544, 548 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_14815_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "glucocorticoid receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 598, 621 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "14815" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 720, 724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D008569_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "impairment of spatial memory" ], "offsets": [ [ 744, 772 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008569" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D014867_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 780, 785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D001007_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 807, 814 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 932, 936 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 945, 949 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D003345_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "corticosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 964, 978 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003345" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 992, 996 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1109, 1113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D003345_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "corticosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1163, 1177 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003345" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D003345_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "corticosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1208, 1222 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003345" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1265, 1269 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D003345_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "corticosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1297, 1311 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003345" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_18", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1381, 1385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_10090_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 1414, 1418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_MESH:D003345_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "corticosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1485, 1499 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003345" } ] }, { "id": "11606764_14815_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "glucocorticoid receptor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1554, 1577 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "14815" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12920466_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A hidden problem: identifying depression in older people." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 57 ] ] }, { "id": "12920466_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This article, based on a paper presented at the Current Issues in Primary Care Nursing conference in Manchester in March 2003, presents an overview of depression in older people and considers the community nurse's role in identification and response. It aims to raise awareness of and promote activity in this area and considers the presentation and incidence of the condition. The mental health of older people is a policy priority, yet recognition of depression in older people is problematic. The case is made that community nurses have an increasingly important role in identifying depression in older people and the use of the Geriatric Depression Scale is promoted. The possibility that the further development of community nurse's role towards targeted interventions is outlined." ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 844 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12920466_MESH:D000275_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 30, 40 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 56 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_MESH:D000275_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 209, 219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 229, 235 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 463, 469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_MESH:D000275_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 511, 521 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 531, 537 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_MESH:D000275_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 644, 654 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 664, 670 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12920466_MESH:D000275_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 710 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12502414_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effects of Ca2+ and sulfhydryl reductant on the polymerization of soybean glycinin catalyzed by mammalian and microbial transglutaminases." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 138 ] ] }, { "id": "12502414_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Two types of transglutaminases (TGases), Ca(2+)-dependent TGase derived from guinea pig liver (GTGase) and Ca(2+)-independent TGase derived from a variant of Streptoverticillium mobaraense (MTGase), were used to study the cross-linking of soybean 11S globulin (glycinin). The effects of sulfhydryl reductant (dithiothreitol, DTT) and Ca(2+) on the conformation and TGase-catalyzed polymerization of glycinin were investigated. The conformational change of glycinin was probed by spectral methods. The degree of cross-linking and the polymer (aggregate) formation were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and dynamic light scattering, respectively. Addition of DTT stimulated the TGase-catalyzed cross-linking reactions without destroying the secondary and tertiary structure of glycinin but did not influence the polymer or aggregate formation. It was found that Ca(2+) caused the formation of larger size polymers at lower concentrations, while it suppressed the polymerization at higher concentrations. In addition, the cross-linking behaviors of glycinin were shown to be different between MTGase- and GTGase-catalyzed systems." ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 1303 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12502414_MESH:D000069285_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ca2+" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 15 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069285" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_3847_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "soybean" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3847" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mammalian" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_10141_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "guinea pig" ], "offsets": [ [ 216, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10141" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_35621_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Streptoverticillium mobaraense" ], "offsets": [ [ 297, 327 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "35621" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_3847_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "soybean" ], "offsets": [ [ 378, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3847" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sulfhydryl reductant" ], "offsets": [ [ 426, 446 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_MESH:D004229_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dithiothreitol" ], "offsets": [ [ 448, 462 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004229" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_MESH:D004229_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DTT" ], "offsets": [ [ 464, 467 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004229" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_MESH:D011108_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 672, 679 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 760 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_MESH:D004229_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DTT" ], "offsets": [ [ 833, 836 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004229" } ] }, { "id": "12502414_MESH:D011108_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymer" ], "offsets": [ [ 986, 993 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30174183_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Is Antibiotic Therapy Helpful for Preventing Infection After Acute Stroke?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 74 ] ] }, { "id": "30174183_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 75 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30174183_MESH:D007239_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "30174183_MESH:D020521_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Stroke" ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020521" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23580861_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Delayed onset chloroquine retinopathy presenting 10 years after long-term usage of chloroquine." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 95 ] ] }, { "id": "23580861_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Chloroquine retinopathy is a known complication of long-term use of chloroquine. This retinopathy can appear even after usage of chloroquine has stopped. The present case report describes the history and clinical features of chloroquine retinopathy developing a decade after discontinuing the drug." ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 394 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23580861_MESH:D002738_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chloroquine" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 25 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002738" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D012164_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "retinopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 26, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012164" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D002738_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chloroquine" ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002738" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D002738_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Chloroquine" ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002738" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D012164_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "retinopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 119 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012164" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D002738_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chloroquine" ], "offsets": [ [ 164, 175 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002738" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D012164_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "retinopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 193 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012164" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D002738_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chloroquine" ], "offsets": [ [ 225, 236 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002738" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D002738_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chloroquine" ], "offsets": [ [ 321, 332 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002738" } ] }, { "id": "23580861_MESH:D012164_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "retinopathy" ], "offsets": [ [ 333, 344 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012164" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26188966_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effect of the combination of mesenchymal stromal cells and chondroitinase ABC on chronic spinal cord injury." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 108 ] ] }, { "id": "26188966_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been identified as a potential therapeutic modality for treating spinal cord injury (SCI). Degradation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) using the enzyme chondroitinase ABC (chABC) can promote functional recovery after SCI. The effect of the simultaneous administration of MSCs and chABC on chronic SCI was investigated. Sixteen dogs were assigned to one of the following four groups: (i) canine adipose tissue-derived MSCs (cADMSCs), (ii) chABC, (iii) cADMSCs + chABC and (iv) control. Treatments were carried out 3 weeks after SCI; cADMSCs (1 x 10(7) cells suspended in 150 muL of PBS), chABC (5 U/mL, 150 muL), cADMSCs + chABC (1 x 10(7) cells suspended in 150 muL of chABC), or phosphate-buffered saline (150 muL) were injected into the spinal cord at three locations to a depth of 3 mm using a 30-gauge needle. The spinal cord was harvested 8 weeks after transplantation. In a behavioral assessment, dogs treated with cADMSCs + chABC and cADMSCs alone showed significantly better functional recovery 8 weeks after transplantation compared with the control and chABC groups (P < 0.05). In addition, the combination of cADMSCs and chABC increased the expression of digested CSPGs (2B6), beta3 tubulin, and NF-M. However, the levels of COX2 (P < 0.05), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha was higher in the treatment groups than in the control. In conclusion, transplantation of cADMSCs + chABC was more effective in improving clinical signs and neural regeneration, but a strategy for anti-inflammation after the treatment for chronic SCI would be needed for further improvement." ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 1754 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26188966_MESH:D013119_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "spinal cord injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013119" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D013119_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "spinal cord injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 248 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013119" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D013119_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCI" ], "offsets": [ [ 250, 253 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013119" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D002809_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chondroitin sulfate" ], "offsets": [ [ 271, 290 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002809" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D013119_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCI" ], "offsets": [ [ 395, 398 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013119" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D013119_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCI" ], "offsets": [ [ 475, 478 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013119" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_9615_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dogs" ], "offsets": [ [ 505, 509 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_9615_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "canine" ], "offsets": [ [ 565, 571 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D013119_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCI" ], "offsets": [ [ 705, 708 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013119" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D007854_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PBS" ], "offsets": [ [ 759, 762 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007854" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phosphate-buffered saline" ], "offsets": [ [ 858, 883 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_9615_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dogs" ], "offsets": [ [ 1081, 1085 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_804479_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "COX2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1414, 1418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "804479" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_403922_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "tumor necrosis factor-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 1435, 1462 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "403922" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D007249_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "inflammation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1665, 1677 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007249" } ] }, { "id": "26188966_MESH:D013119_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "SCI" ], "offsets": [ [ 1710, 1713 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013119" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "16853114_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Alternated quinoid/aromatic units in terthiophenes building blocks for electroactive narrow band gap polymers. Extended spectroscopic, solid state, electrochemical, and theoretical study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 187 ] ] }, { "id": "16853114_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We report here the synthesis of three novel pi-conjugated heterocyclic mixed trimers that contain two electron-donating 3,4-ethylenedioxy-2-thienyl (EDOT) units covalently attached to a central proquinoid electron-accepting thienopyrazine moiety (two of these narrow-HOMO-LUMO gap D-A-D compounds also bear hexyl side chains attached either to the outermost alpha positions of the EDOT end rings or to the beta positions of the pyrazine fused ring). The modification of the terthiophene structure upon EDO, pyrazine, and hexyl substitutions has been treated in detail with spectroscopic and theoretical arguments. Solid-state properties reveal the occurrence of short intramolecular contacts between heteroatoms of adjacent rings. The analysis of the structure of the pi-conjugated backbone of each molecule is consistent with a partial quinoid-like pattern which partially reverts to be subtly more aromatic depending on the topology of the positive inductive effect of the hexyl chains. This quinoidization is a consequence of the appearance of a D(EDOT)-->A(PyT)<--D(EDOT) intramolecular charge transfer which further polarizes the structure. The same chemical concepts have been applied to address their electrochemical behavior. The three mixed trimers exhibit amphoteric properties due to the combination of electron acceptor and donor groups. Given their relative low HOMO-LUMO energy gap, these trimers promise to be good candidates for obtaining polymers with significant low energy gap combining electroactivity." ], "offsets": [ [ 188, 1710 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "16853114_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "quinoid" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 18 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_MESH:C019101_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "terthiophenes" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C019101" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_MESH:D011108_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymers" ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "3,4-ethylenedioxy-2-thienyl" ], "offsets": [ [ 308, 335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "EDOT" ], "offsets": [ [ 337, 341 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thienopyrazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 412, 426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hexyl" ], "offsets": [ [ 495, 500 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_MESH:D011719_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pyrazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 616, 624 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011719" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_MESH:C019101_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "terthiophene" ], "offsets": [ [ 662, 674 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C019101" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_-_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "EDO" ], "offsets": [ [ 690, 693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_MESH:D011719_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "pyrazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 695, 703 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011719" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_-_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hexyl" ], "offsets": [ [ 709, 714 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_-_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "quinoid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1025, 1032 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_-_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "hexyl" ], "offsets": [ [ 1163, 1168 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "16853114_MESH:D011108_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polymers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1643, 1651 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011108" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29827594_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Round the Hospitals." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 20 ] ] }, { "id": "29827594_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 21 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30131089_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "MicroRNA-152 Acts as a Tumor Suppressor MicroRNA by Inhibiting Kruppel-Like Factor 5 in Human Cervical Cancer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 110 ] ] }, { "id": "30131089_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Aberrant expression of microRNA-152 (miR-152) is frequently observed in human cancers including ovarian cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and gastric cancer. However, its expression and functional role in cervical cancer (CC) are poorly understood. Also, the association between miR-152 and Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) expression in CC remains unclear. In this study, analyzing the expression of miR-152 by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed it was sharply reduced in CC tissues and cell lines. In addition, the negative correlation of miR-152 expression and KLF5 expression was observed. The dual-luciferase reporter assay validated that KLF5 was a target of miR-152. In vitro functional assays revealed that miR-152 could inhibit cell proliferation and cell cycle progression through regulating the expression of KLF5. Taken together, our study suggested that miR-152 functions as a tumor suppressor in CC, and the miR-152/KLF5 axis may provide novel therapeutic targets for CC treatment." ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 1119 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30131089_406943_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "MicroRNA-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 12 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_688_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Kruppel-Like Factor 5" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 84 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "688" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Human" ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 93 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 103, 109 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "microRNA-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 148, 155 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 183, 188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_MESH:D009369_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 189, 196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_MESH:D010051_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ovarian cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 207, 221 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010051" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_MESH:D001943_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 236 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_MESH:D011471_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "prostate cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 238, 253 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011471" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_MESH:D013274_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastric cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 259, 273 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013274" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_MESH:D009369_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 331, 337 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 396, 403 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_688_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Kruppel-like factor 5" ], "offsets": [ [ 408, 429 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "688" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_688_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "KLF5" ], "offsets": [ [ 431, 435 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "688" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 514, 521 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 665, 672 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_688_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "KLF5" ], "offsets": [ [ 688, 692 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "688" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_688_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "KLF5" ], "offsets": [ [ 768, 772 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "688" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 789, 796 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 839, 846 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_688_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "KLF5" ], "offsets": [ [ 944, 948 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "688" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 991, 998 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_MESH:D009369_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1014, 1019 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_406943_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-152" ], "offsets": [ [ 1046, 1053 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "406943" } ] }, { "id": "30131089_688_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "KLF5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1054, 1058 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "688" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "271356_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Maxillary sinusitis of dental origin]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 39 ] ] }, { "id": "271356_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 40, 40 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "271356_MESH:D012852_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sinusitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012852" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22311828_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Electron transport through single pi-conjugated molecules bridging between metal electrodes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 92 ] ] }, { "id": "22311828_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Understanding electron transport through a single molecule bridging between metal electrodes is a central issue in the field of molecular electronics. This review covers the fabrication and electron-transport properties of single pi-conjugated molecule junctions, which include benzene, fullerene, and pi-stacked molecules. The metal/molecule interface plays a decisive role in determining the stability and conductivity of single-molecule junctions. The effect of the metal-molecule contact on the conductance of the single pi-conjugated molecule junction is reviewed. The characterization of the single benzene molecule junction is also discussed using inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy and shot noise. Finally, electron transport through the pi-stacked system using pi-stacked aromatic molecules enclosed within self-assembled coordination cages is reviewed. The electron transport in the pi-stacked systems is found to be efficient at the single-molecule level, thus providing insight into the design of conductive materials." ], "offsets": [ [ 93, 1130 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22311828_MESH:D008670_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 80 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008670" } ] }, { "id": "22311828_MESH:D008670_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 169, 174 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008670" } ] }, { "id": "22311828_MESH:D001554_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "benzene" ], "offsets": [ [ 371, 378 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001554" } ] }, { "id": "22311828_MESH:D037741_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "fullerene" ], "offsets": [ [ 380, 389 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D037741" } ] }, { "id": "22311828_MESH:D008670_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 421, 426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008670" } ] }, { "id": "22311828_MESH:D008670_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 562, 567 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008670" } ] }, { "id": "22311828_MESH:D001554_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "benzene" ], "offsets": [ [ 698, 705 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001554" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13378776_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Meprobamate toxicity; report of a case." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 39 ] ] }, { "id": "13378776_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 40, 40 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13378776_MESH:D008620_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Meprobamate" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 11 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008620" } ] }, { "id": "13378776_MESH:D064420_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 12, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11987920_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Minimal residual disease in acute myeloid leukaemia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 52 ] ] }, { "id": "11987920_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Relapse remains the main cause of treatment failure in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Studies to date suggest that monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) in AML is useful in identifying patients at high risk of relapse from those in durable remission. This chapter describes the methodological advances in the detection of MRD and, in particular, focuses on the development of highly sensitive RT-PCR techniques, including real-time, for quantifying MRD. Preliminary results on the clinical utility of MRD monitoring in AML with t(8;21) and inv(16) are promising and provide the basis for further evaluation by quantitative real-time analysis in prospective clinical trials. For AML without a specific fusion transcript, the WT1 gene is an alternative molecular target. The clinical value of quantitative MRD monitoring in AML, however, will need to be confirmed in future studies." ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 940 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11987920_MESH:D015470_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute myeloid leukaemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 51 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] }, { "id": "11987920_MESH:D015470_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute myeloid leukaemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 131 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] }, { "id": "11987920_MESH:D015470_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AML" ], "offsets": [ [ 133, 136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] }, { "id": "11987920_MESH:D015470_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AML" ], "offsets": [ [ 216, 219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] }, { "id": "11987920_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 245, 253 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11987920_MESH:D015470_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AML" ], "offsets": [ [ 579, 582 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] }, { "id": "11987920_MESH:D015470_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AML" ], "offsets": [ [ 738, 741 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] }, { "id": "11987920_7490_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "WT1" ], "offsets": [ [ 784, 787 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7490" } ] }, { "id": "11987920_MESH:D015470_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AML" ], "offsets": [ [ 882, 885 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015470" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19811356_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "ACE I/D and G2350A polymorphisms in Pakistani hypertensive population of Punjab." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 80 ] ] }, { "id": "19811356_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Several studies in different populations have shown mixed association of hypertension with ACE I/D and G2350A polymorphisms. To assess the link of these two polymorphisms with hypertension in population of Punjab--most populated province of Pakistan--we carried out this retrospective case control study in a mixed sample of 344 hypertensive and normotensive controls. Genotype of the ACE I/D was determined by nested PCR and G2350A. polymorphism was determined by amplification of a small fragment containing SNP and digesting it with the restriction enzyme. Statistical analysis revealed that I/D polymorphism is not associated with hypertension in the Punjabi population chi(2) (df = 2) = 5.611, P <or= 0.10. Overall, D allele frequency was 0.43 and I allele frequency was 0.57. The G2350A polymorphism was found to be significantly associated with hypertension chi(2) (2df, chi(2) = 28.4, P <or= 0.001). The G allele frequency (0.77) in our population was higher than previously reported. A combination of the AA and DD genotype seems to be linked with higher than average blood pressure level both in hypertensive and control groups. Our data suggests that the ACE I/D polymorphism is not associated with hypertension but the G2350A polymorphism is associated with hypertension in the Punjabi population." ], "offsets": [ [ 81, 1390 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19811356_tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063_0", "type": "DNAMutation", "text": [ "G2350A" ], "offsets": [ [ 12, 18 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertensive" ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 58 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 154, 166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063_3", "type": "DNAMutation", "text": [ "G2350A" ], "offsets": [ [ 184, 190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 257, 269 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_1427524_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mixed sample" ], "offsets": [ [ 390, 402 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1427524" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertensive" ], "offsets": [ [ 410, 422 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063_7", "type": "DNAMutation", "text": [ "G2350A" ], "offsets": [ [ 507, 513 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 716, 728 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063_9", "type": "DNAMutation", "text": [ "G2350A" ], "offsets": [ [ 867, 873 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 933, 945 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertensive" ], "offsets": [ [ 1187, 1199 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1291, 1303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063_13", "type": "DNAMutation", "text": [ "G2350A" ], "offsets": [ [ 1312, 1318 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:c|SUB|G|2350|A;HGVS:c.2350G>A;VariantGroup:0;CorrespondingGene:1636;RS#:4343;CA#:8700063" } ] }, { "id": "19811356_MESH:D006973_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1351, 1363 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22251635_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Cascading indirect effects in a coffee agroecosystem: effects of parasitic phorid flies on ants and the coffee berry borer in a high-shade and low-shade habitat." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 161 ] ] }, { "id": "22251635_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Nonconsumptive effects (NCE) of parasites on hosts vary with habitat complexity thereby modifying trait-mediated effects on lower trophic levels. In coffee agroecosystems, Pseudacteon sp. phorid fly parasites negatively affect Azteca instabilis F. Smith ants via NCE thereby indirectly benefiting prey. It is unknown how differences in habitat complexity influence Azteca-phorid interactions or how phorids affect the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari), an important pest of coffee (Coffea arabica L). We tested the following hypotheses in field and lab experiments to find the impact of NCE of phorids on A. instabilis and trait-mediated indirect effects of phorids on the coffee berry borer: (1) Phorid effects on A. instabilis differ between complex and simple shade habitats and (2) Phorids, by modifying A. instabilis behavior, indirectly affect coffee berry borer abilities to invade coffee berries. Phorids had greater impacts on A. instabilis activity in low-shade farms, but differences in phorid impacts were not mediated by phorid density or light availability. In the lab, phorids had strong cascading effects on abilities of A. instabilis to deter coffee berry borers. Without phorids, A. instabilis limited coffee berry borer attacks, whereas when the coffee berry borer was alone or with A. instabilis and phorids, more coffee fruits were attacked by coffee berry borer. These results indicate that A. instabilis has stronger biological control potential in high-shade farms, but the exact mechanism deserves further attention." ], "offsets": [ [ 162, 1723 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22251635_57062_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coffee berry borer" ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 122 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57062" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Azteca instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 389, 406 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_57062_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coffee berry borer" ], "offsets": [ [ 581, 599 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57062" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_13443_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Coffea arabica L" ], "offsets": [ [ 660, 676 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "13443" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 784, 797 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_57062_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coffee berry borer" ], "offsets": [ [ 852, 870 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57062" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 894, 907 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 987, 1000 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_57062_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coffee berry borer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1029, 1048 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57062" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1116, 1129 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1317, 1330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_57062_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coffee berry borers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1341, 1360 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57062" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1379, 1392 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_57062_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coffee berry borer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1401, 1419 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57062" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_57062_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coffee berry borer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1446, 1464 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57062" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1483, 1496 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_57062_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coffee berry borer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1546, 1564 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57062" } ] }, { "id": "22251635_602870_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "A. instabilis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1594, 1607 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "602870" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29788467_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Reply: An informed decision between cleavage-stage and blastocyst-stage transfers in IVF requires data on the transfers of frozen-thawed embryos." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 145 ] ] }, { "id": "29788467_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 146, 146 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29788467_MESH:C537182_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "IVF" ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 88 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C537182" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2984588_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "beta-Adrenoceptor subtypes in sections of rat and guinea-pig kidney." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 68 ] ] }, { "id": "2984588_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The present autoradiographical study examines the distribution of the two beta-adrenoceptor subtypes in sections of rat and guinea-pig kidney. The radioligand [125Iodo]-(--)-cyanopindolol was used for the labelling of beta-adrenoceptors and the selective beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents ICI 89-406 (beta 1-antagonist) and ICI 118-551 (beta 2-antagonist) were utilized to differentiate both subclasses unequivocally. beta-Adrenoceptors in rat kidney were found to be almost exclusively beta 1. They were located mainly on glomeruli and to a lesser extent on the straight part of the distal tubules and on the cortical portion of the collecting ducts. Some beta 2-adrenoceptors were localized around the corticomedullary junction. Grain localization in the auto-radiograms was absent in the inner medulla and papilla. Glomeruli and distal tubules of the guinea-pig kidney also possess only beta 1-adrenoceptors, but, in contrast to the rat, extremely high concentrations of beta 2-adrenoceptors were associated with the straight part of the proximal tubules in the cortex and possibly with the cortical portion of the collecting duct. Labelling was not detected on the proximal convoluted tubule in either species." ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 1283 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2984588_10116_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 42, 45 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_10141_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "guinea-pig" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10141" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_10116_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 185, 188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_10141_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "guinea-pig" ], "offsets": [ [ 193, 203 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10141" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "[125Iodo]-(--)-cyanopindolol" ], "offsets": [ [ 228, 256 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_113992_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta 1" ], "offsets": [ [ 370, 376 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "113992" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_154516_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta 2" ], "offsets": [ [ 406, 412 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "154516" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_10116_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 509, 512 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_113992_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta 1" ], "offsets": [ [ 556, 562 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "113992" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_154516_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta 2" ], "offsets": [ [ 726, 732 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "154516" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_MESH:D010211_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "papilla" ], "offsets": [ [ 878, 885 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010211" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_10141_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "guinea-pig" ], "offsets": [ [ 923, 933 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10141" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_113992_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta 1" ], "offsets": [ [ 959, 965 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "113992" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_10116_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 1005, 1008 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "2984588_154516_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "beta 2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1043, 1049 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "154516" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17157690_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Unusual presentation of herpes simplex virus encephalitis: bilateral thalamic involvement and normal imaging of early stage of the disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 139 ] ] }, { "id": "17157690_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 140 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17157690_MESH:D004660_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "virus encephalitis" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 57 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004660" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33713831_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Two Hours of In Vivo Lung Perfusion Improves Lung Function in Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 113 ] ] }, { "id": "33713831_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Sepsis is the leading cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults and carries a high mortality. Utilizing a previously validated porcine model of sepsis-induced ARDS, we sought to refine our novel therapeutic technique of in vivo lung perfusion (IVLP). We hypothesized that 2 hours of IVLP would provide non-inferior lung rehabilitation compared to 4 hours of treatment. Adult swine (n = 8) received lipopolysaccharide to develop ARDS and were placed on central venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Animals were randomized to 2 vs 4 hours of IVLP. The left pulmonary vessels were cannulated to IVLP using antegrade Steen solution. After IVLP treatment, the left lung was decannulated and reperfused for 4 hours. Total lung compliance and pulmonary venous gases from the right lung (control) and left lung (treatment) were sampled hourly. Biochemical analysis of tissue and bronchioalveolar lavage was performed along with tissue histologic assessment. Throughout IVLP and reperfusion, treated left lung PaO2/FiO2 ratio was significantly higher than the right lung control in the 2-hour group (332.2 +- 58.9 vs 264.4 +- 46.5, P = 0.01). In the 4-hour group, there was no difference between treatment and control lung PaO2/FiO2 ratio (258.5 +- 72.4 vs 253.2 +- 90.3, P = 0.58). Wet-to-dry weight ratios demonstrated reduced edema in the treated left lungs of the 2-hour group (6.23 +- 0.73 vs 7.28 +- 0.61, P = 0.03). Total lung compliance was also significantly improved in the 2-hour group. Two hours of IVLP demonstrated superior lung function in this preclinical model of sepsis-induced ARDS. Clinical translation of IVLP may shorten duration of mechanical support and improve outcomes." ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 1833 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33713831_MESH:D012128_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 112 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D018805_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Sepsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018805" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D012128_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute respiratory distress syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 145, 180 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D012128_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ARDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 182, 186 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D003643_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D018805_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sepsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 278, 284 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018805" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D012128_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ARDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 293, 297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_9823_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "swine" ], "offsets": [ [ 509, 514 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9823" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D008070_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipopolysaccharide" ], "offsets": [ [ 532, 550 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008070" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D012128_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ARDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 562, 566 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Steen" ], "offsets": [ [ 760, 765 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D012587_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary venous" ], "offsets": [ [ 883, 899 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012587" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D004487_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "edema" ], "offsets": [ [ 1467, 1472 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004487" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D018805_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sepsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1719, 1725 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018805" } ] }, { "id": "33713831_MESH:D012128_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ARDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1734, 1738 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14762879_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Single-stage surgical repair of benign laryngotracheal stenosis in adults." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 74 ] ] }, { "id": "14762879_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Benign laryngotracheal stenosis causes considerable morbidity. In a retrospective study, we describe the results of our surgical treatment. METHODS: Between June 1999 and June 2002, 14 adults with laryngotracheal stenosis were referred to our hospital. Stenosis resulted from mechanical ventilation in 11 patients, from Wegener's granulomatosis in 2 patients, and from strangulation in 1 patient. Eleven patients had a tracheotomy. One patient was found unfit for surgery. Nine patients underwent cricotracheal resection (CTR) with end-to-end anastomosis, and four patients underwent single-stage laryngotracheoplasty (SS-LTP) without stenting. RESULTS: There were no perioperative deaths. Patients were extubated after mean of 3 days (range, 0-10 days; CTR 2.3 days vs SS-LTP 3.5 days, p=.45). There were in-hospital complications in five patients. Mean hospital stay was 19 days (range, 8-53 days; after CTR 24 days vs SS-LTP 9 days, p=.015). With regard to airway patency and voice recovery, 10 patients (77%) had good results, including 1 patient with two readmissions, and 3 (23%) had satisfactory results, including 1 patient with 11 additional nonsurgical interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Benign laryngotracheal stenosis in the adult patient can be repaired successfully using a strategy of two single-stage surgical procedures. All patients had good or satisfactory functional results. A multidisciplinary approach was essential to achieve these good results." ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 1549 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14762879_MESH:C566379_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "benign laryngotracheal stenosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566379" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_MESH:C566379_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Benign laryngotracheal stenosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 118 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566379" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_MESH:C566379_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "laryngotracheal stenosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 284, 308 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566379" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 392, 400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_MESH:D014890_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Wegener's granulomatosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 407, 431 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014890" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 437, 445 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 475, 482 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 491, 499 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 523, 530 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 565, 573 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 652, 660 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_MESH:D003643_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deaths" ], "offsets": [ [ 769, 775 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 777, 785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_1318_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CTR 2" ], "offsets": [ [ 841, 846 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1318" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 927, 935 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1085, 1093 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1130, 1137 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1211, 1218 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_MESH:C566379_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Benign laryngotracheal stenosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1278, 1309 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C566379" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1323, 1330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "14762879_9606_20", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1422, 1430 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4646981_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Desmodium intortum. Use in the feeding of milk cows]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 54 ] ] }, { "id": "4646981_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 55 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4646981_556506_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Desmodium intortum" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "556506" } ] }, { "id": "4646981_9913_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cows" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22639950_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Trends and variations in infant mortality among 47 prefectures in Japan." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 72 ] ] }, { "id": "22639950_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVES: To determine IMR trends and regional variations among 47 prefectures in Japan and to identify associated population-based factors. METHODS: We conducted an ecological study of infant mortality rate (IMR) by analyzing publicly available data from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Outcome measure for trend is the IMR for each of 47 prefectures from 1999 to 2007; for variation, IMRs for 2006 and 2007 in each prefecture were averaged. We considered as covariates prefecture-level variables related to public health, socio-economic status, clinical services and health care facilities. We conducted multivariate statistical analyses to determine covariates most strongly associated with both 1999-2007 IMR trends and 2006-2007 IMR. RESULTS: The mean IMR decreased from 3.42 deaths per 1000 live births (range 2.1 to 5.1) in 1999 to 2.54 (range 1.5 to 4.4) in 2007; reductions were greater in prefectures with higher concentrations of public health nurses (PHNs) and nurses. In 2006-2007, nine prefectures had IMRs <= 2.25; eight had IMRs >= 3.0. When low-, moderate- and high-IMR prefectures were compared, per capita PHNs, maternal education, centralized water supply and household income were identified as significant covariates. CONCLUSIONS: Both national and prefecture-level IMR in Japan decreased from 1999 to 2007; however, the degree of reduction varied by prefecture. Given that more nurses and PHNs per capita were associated with greater IMR reductions from 1999 to 2007 and more PHNs with lower 2006-2007 IMRs, distribution of preventive health services may play a major role in reducing regional disparities in IMR." ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 1732 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22639950_MESH:D003643_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 41 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "22639950_MESH:D003643_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 268, 277 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "22639950_MESH:D003643_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deaths" ], "offsets": [ [ 877, 883 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "22639950_MESH:D014867_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1259, 1264 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33337308_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Leveraging Our Strengths to Achieve Sustainable Healthcare." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 59 ] ] }, { "id": "33337308_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We are fortunate to have the reflections and wisdom of experts from multiple disciplines in this issue's discussion of healthcare sustainability. In the lead paper of this issue of Healthcare Papers, we issued a call to action drawing on the capacity of the Canadian health sector to address climate change (Miller and Xie 2020). Our colleagues agree on the need to deliver sustainable care and raise important questions about how such an aim can be achieved. In this response, we consider and revisit three themes: feasibility of a sustainable healthcare system, theories of change that support our recommendations and capacities that enable change." ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 710 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7152312_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Problems and strategies: ethical concerns in survey research with the elderly." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "7152312_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 79 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13968608_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Technique for hypophysectomy of the mouse." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 42 ] ] }, { "id": "13968608_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 43 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13968608_10090_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 36, 41 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8424885_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Defining nursing administration terms (continued)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 50 ] ] }, { "id": "8424885_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 51 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13647617_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The movement of microfilariae of Onchocerca volvulus in the human eye from lid to retina." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 89 ] ] }, { "id": "13647617_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 90 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13647617_6282_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Onchocerca volvulus" ], "offsets": [ [ 33, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6282" } ] }, { "id": "13647617_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 65 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31342301_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Genetic diversity of the Sichuan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in Shennongjia National Park, China using RAD-seq analyses." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 136 ] ] }, { "id": "31342301_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The Sichuan snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) is an endangered species endemic to China, where the smallest population resides in Shennongjia National Park, Hubei Province. In this study, the genetic diversity of the Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys from two areas, Qianjiaping (QJP) and Dalongtan (DLT) in Shennongjia National Park was evaluated using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) data derived from restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq). A total of 41,260 SNP loci were found in 29 Sichuan snub-nosed monkey individuals. The genome-wide nucleotide diversity (pi) of the Shennongjia population was 0.001842. The genetic differentiation (FST) between the QJP and DLT subpopulations was 0.034. The heterozygosity of individuals from QJP was 0.3475 +- 0.03696 and 0.3148 +- 0.03501 for individuals from DLT. Although the DLT and QJP subpopulations did not show significant genetic differences, genetic differentiation between the two subpopulations was confirmed using Bayesian cluster analysis, neighbor-joining trees and principal component analysis. These results suggest that the Shennongjia population of Sichuan snub-nosed monkey has relatively low genetic diversity at the genomic level. The little genetic differentiation noted between the DLT and QJP subpopulations likely due to natural and anthropogenic barriers which may exacerbate loss of genetic diversity of this endangered subpopulation." ], "offsets": [ [ 137, 1567 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31342301_61622_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Rhinopithecus roxellana" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61622" } ] }, { "id": "31342301_61622_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Rhinopithecus roxellana" ], "offsets": [ [ 168, 191 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "61622" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "301789_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Fine structure of ependymal cells in the median eminence of the frog and mouse revealed by freeze-etching." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 106 ] ] }, { "id": "301789_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Freeze-etched preparations of the ventricular surfaces of ependymal cells clearly reveal the presence of pinocytotic vesicles opening into the third ventricle and large vacuoles formed by broad cell projections. The density of the vesicular openings is approximately 20 per micron2. The ependymal cells in the median eminence of the frog are adjoined by tight junctions comprised of five to eight interconnected junctional strands, whereas near the median eminence in the mouse only one to two such strands form the tight junction of the ependymal cells. Gap junctions between the adjacent ependymal cells are detected near the median eminence in the mouse but not in the frog." ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 784 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "301789_10090_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "301789_10090_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 579, 584 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "301789_218397_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Gap" ], "offsets": [ [ 662, 665 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "218397" } ] }, { "id": "301789_10090_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mouse" ], "offsets": [ [ 758, 763 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22258652_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Radiographic parameters associated with lateral patella degeneration in young patients." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 87 ] ] }, { "id": "22258652_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "PURPOSE: Localized articular cartilage degeneration in the patellofemoral joint is a common but yet understudied condition in younger patients. The purpose of this paper was to determine whether there are significant differences in radiographic alignment between those with and without isolated lateral patellofemoral degeneration. METHODS: Subjects with isolated symptomatic lateral patellofemoral degeneration and control subjects with no radiographic degeneration participated in the study. Variables of interest included the Caton-Deschamps index, sulcus angle, lateral patellofemoral angle, Dejour classification of trochlear dysplasia, patella linear displacement and the tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance. RESULTS: We found significant differences between the patellofemoral degeneration group versus control group, respectively, for the Caton-Deschamps index (1.12 +- 0.1 vs. 1.00 +- 0.1), lateral patellofemoral angle (10.6 +- 4.3 vs. 16.6 +- 5.5) and tibial tubercle-trochlear groove distance (16.6 +- 4.0 vs. 9.0 +- 4.3). However, we found no difference in the sulcus angle (141.2 +- 8.2 vs. 137.0 +- 6.0), patella linear displacement (3.7 +- 1.9 vs. 4.0 +- 1.7) or in the Dejour Classification. CONCLUSION: It appears that isolated lateral patellofemoral degeneration is associated with specific radiographic indices. Even though the radiographic measures in patients with degeneration may not be considered pathologic, they are \"high normal\" and may represent a risk factor for the development of focal chondral degeneration in the lateral trochlea and patella. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III." ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 1694 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22258652_MESH:C535540_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "patella degeneration" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 68 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C535540" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 86 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_MESH:D002357_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Localized articular cartilage degeneration" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 139 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002357" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 222, 230 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_MESH:D046788_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "patellofemoral degeneration" ], "offsets": [ [ 391, 418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046788" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_MESH:D046788_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "patellofemoral degeneration" ], "offsets": [ [ 472, 499 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046788" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_MESH:C536170_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dysplasia" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 728 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C536170" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_MESH:D046788_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "patellofemoral degeneration" ], "offsets": [ [ 863, 890 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046788" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_MESH:D046788_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "patellofemoral degeneration" ], "offsets": [ [ 1348, 1375 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D046788" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1467, 1475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22258652_MESH:D005490_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "focal chondral degeneration" ], "offsets": [ [ 1606, 1633 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005490" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20687449_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Do not resuscitate orders in the intensive care setting]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 58 ] ] }, { "id": "20687449_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Even if Belgium (2002), The Netherlands (2002) and Luxemburg (2009) are the first three countries in the world to have legalized active euthanasia, there still is not a law on the do not resuscitate concept (NTBR or DNR). Nevertheless, numerous royal decrees and some consensus as well as advice given by the Belgian Medical Council, hold as jurisprudence. These rules remain amenable to change so as to suite the daily practice in intensive care units. This article describes the actual Belgian legal environment surrounding the intensive care specialist when he has to take such decisions." ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 650 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1471203_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Hazard assessment in freshwater ecosystems." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 43 ] ] }, { "id": "1471203_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Hazard assessment of chemicals in freshwater environments depends on comparing concentrations that are expected to occur in water and sediment, i.e. expected environmental concentrations (EEC), with those that are estimated to have no biological effects, i.e. the no-observed effect concentrations (NOEC). The difference between these two estimates is the margin of safety. The EEC can be estimated from data for chemical release rates, physicochemical properties and environmental parameters that affect transport and transformation. The NOEC can be estimated from the results of toxicity tests using aquatic plants, invertebrates and fish. When making these estimates it may be necessary to extrapolate from relatively limited laboratory data to the real world. Inevitably, this involves some degree of uncertainty. Such uncertainty can often be resolved by carrying out controlled field tests, using small, outdoor enclosures (microcosms), relatively large, outdoor ponds (mesocosms) and experimental streams. In this paper the advantages and disadvantages of various experimental approaches and systems will be reviewed." ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 1168 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1471203_MESH:D014867_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 168, 173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "1471203_MESH:D064420_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 625, 633 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35702634_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Phone-Based Breasts Self-Examination as an Intervention in Breast Cancer Control During the COVID-19 Pandemic." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 110 ] ] }, { "id": "35702634_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Importance: Exploring methods to mitigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on routine cancer screening activities among women. Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of telephone-based outreach as a substitute for physical screening for breast among screened women, during COVID-19 lockdown. Design/Setting/Subjects: Asymptomatic women aged 30-59 years were screened for breast and cervix cancers in the Chennai region, between January 2017 and March 2020 and are due for screening follow-up. A database from the population-based cancer screening program organized by the Cancer Institute during the above period was used for the study. Outcome data were obtained through the period from October 2020 to March 2021. Intervention: Phone-based breast self-examination awareness, inquiry about breast cancer symptoms, and guiding clinical management. Outcome Measure: Compliance to BSE protocol after 8-16 weeks, presence of significant symptoms, and incidence of early breast cancer. Results: Among 12,242 screened women, 6716 (56.8%) responded to a phone-based BSE intervention and 53 women had breast-related symptoms. Thirty-two (60.4%) women reported for further evaluation, and five invasive breast cancers were identified. Conclusion and Relevance: In a low-resource setting where there are no existent screening programs, simple interventions like teaching breast self-examination of women through tele-counseling can result in early detection of breast cancers." ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 1582 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35702634_MESH:D001943_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Breast Cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 72 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:C000657245_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 100 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:C000657245_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 167, 175 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:D009369_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 196, 202 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 235 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 374, 379 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:C000657245_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 388, 396 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 445, 450 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:D001943_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast and cervix cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 486, 511 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:D009369_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 645, 651 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:D001943_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 906, 919 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:D001943_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1082, 1095 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1128, 1133 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1199, 1204 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1253, 1258 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:D001943_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "invasive breast cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1301, 1324 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1504, 1509 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35702634_MESH:D001943_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "breast cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1567, 1581 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001943" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22477864_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Making fewer depression diagnoses: beneficial for patients?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 59 ] ] }, { "id": "22477864_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Currently, general practitioners actively search for depressive disorders in their patients. When they diagnose 'depressive disorder', they tell their patients that they have a disease and can be treated accordingly. This is probably an important reason for the huge prescription rates of anti-depressants. In doing so, general practitioners implement specialised, psychiatric diagnostic methods in a setting characterised by patients with symptoms that superficially may resemble those of depressive disorder but in reality mainly arise from normal problems in everyday life due to losses of valued relations or failure to achieve desired goals. We argue that it might be beneficial for patients if general practitioners, in a stepped care approach, hold back on specialised methods of psychiatry and instead use a more generalist approach as first step, in which patients' problems are formulated in their own words, and efforts are directed in helping patients regain their self-confidence to solve them. Our arguments for directing attention away from diagnosing depressive disorder are: depressive disorder is a diagnosis by agreement and therefore relative, so there are other ways to look at problems than though psychiatric glasses; depression has unclear boundaries with other mental disorders and with normality; depression is often not an adequate summary of the real problems of the patient; the patient often has a very different conception about what is wrong and often does not agree with the proposed presence of a mental disorder; to diagnose depressive disorder may have more disadvantages than advantages for the patient;. the efficacy of anti-depressants is very modest." ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 1750 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 13, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 58 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 133 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 143, 151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 173, 192 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 211, 219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D001523_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychiatric" ], "offsets": [ [ 425, 436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 486, 494 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 550, 569 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 748, 756 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 925, 933 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1015, 1023 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 1127, 1146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 1152, 1171 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D001523_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychiatric" ], "offsets": [ [ 1280, 1291 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 1301, 1311 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D001523_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mental disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 1346, 1362 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 1383, 1393 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_18", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1455, 1462 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1468, 1475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D001523_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mental disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 1591, 1606 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001523" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_MESH:D000275_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressive disorder" ], "offsets": [ [ 1620, 1639 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "22477864_9606_22", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1692, 1699 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11505116_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Radiologic determination of intravascular volume status using portable, digital chest radiography: a prospective investigation in 100 patients." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 143 ] ] }, { "id": "11505116_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To answer the following questions: Can the digital chest roentgenogram (CXR) be used to differentiate patients' volume status? Do clinical data alter radiologists' accuracy in interpreting the digital CXR? DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Nine adult intensive care units of a tertiary care medical center. PATIENTS: One hundred thirty-five consecutive patients with pulmonary artery catheters, of whom 35 were excluded because of unacceptable pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) tracings. METHODS: Each patient had a portable, anteroposterior, supine digital CXR. Clinicians evaluated volume status and then measured hemodynamic data within 1 hr of the CXR. Digital CXRs were independently interpreted on two separate occasions (with and without clinical information) by three experienced chest radiologists, and these interpretations were compared with hemodynamic data. RESULTS: Of the 100 patients, 39 had PAOP >18 mm Hg, whereas 61 had PAOP <18 mm Hg. Radiologists' accuracy in differentiating volume status increased with incorporation of clinical data (56% without vs. 65% with clinical data, p =.009). Using objective receiver operating characteristic-derived cutoffs of 70 mm for vascular pedicle width and 0.55 for cardiothoracic ratio, radiologists' accuracy in differentiating PAOP >18 mm Hg from PAOP <18 mm Hg was 70%. The intrareader and the inter-reader correlation coefficients were very high. The likelihood ratio of the CXR in determining volume status using the objective vascular pedicle width and cardiothoracic ratio measures was 3.1 (95% confidence interval, 1.9-6.0), significantly higher than subjective CXR interpretations with and without clinical data (p <.001). CONCLUSIONS: Differentiating intravascular volume status with portable, supine, digital CXRs may be improved by using objective cutoffs of vascular pedicle width >70 mm and cardiothoracic ratio >0.55 or by incorporating clinical data." ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 2097 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11505116_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 257, 265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "PATIENTS" ], "offsets": [ [ 471, 479 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 517, 525 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_MESH:D006973_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary artery occlusion pressure" ], "offsets": [ [ 608, 643 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_MESH:D006973_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAOP" ], "offsets": [ [ 645, 649 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 675, 682 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1064, 1072 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_MESH:D006973_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAOP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1081, 1085 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_MESH:D006973_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAOP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1112, 1116 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_MESH:D006973_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAOP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1460, 1464 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "11505116_MESH:D006973_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PAOP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1480, 1484 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1723631_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Antibodies against central nervous system tissue (anti-CNS) detected by ELISA and western blotting: marker antibodies for neuropsychiatric manifestations in connective tissue diseases." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 184 ] ] }, { "id": "1723631_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Organ specific antibodies against epitopes of the central nervous system (CNS) tissue were detected by ELISA and Western blotting (WB) in sera from patients with ANA positive collagen disorders using a 100,000 g supernatant from beef or rat brain. The corresponding CNS-antigens consist of six major determinants at molecular weights 29, 48, 56, 68 kD and six minor determinants at 130, 110, 86, 60, 38, 34 kD. All except the 38 kD polypeptide were organ specific. Forty-six of 91 patients with ANA positive collagen disorders reacted with at least one of these determinants; 43 of them had cerebral symptoms in contrast to only three of the 43 anti-CNS negative patients. Sera from patients with other disorders did not react with these epitopes. We conclude that anti-CNS antibodies detected by Western blotting may be marker for neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients with collagen disorders." ], "offsets": [ [ 185, 1085 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1723631_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 333, 341 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1723631_10116_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 422, 425 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "1723631_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 666, 674 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1723631_MESH:D051271_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cerebral symptoms" ], "offsets": [ [ 776, 793 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051271" } ] }, { "id": "1723631_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 848, 856 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1723631_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 868, 876 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1723631_MESH:D058497_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "other disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 882, 897 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058497" } ] }, { "id": "1723631_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1052, 1060 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17257711_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Outcomes of a breastfeeding educational intervention for baccalaureate nursing students." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 88 ] ] }, { "id": "17257711_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Educational institutions have the responsibility to provide students with knowledge and practical experiences of best practices and international standards of care. Worldwide, international standards for appropriate and effective breastfeeding promotion and services often have not been met. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an infant feeding educational intervention on student nurses' knowledge levels about (1) evidence-based breastfeeding promotion, (2) evidence-based beliefs about outcomes of breastfeeding and formula-feeding, (3) evidence-based attitudes toward breastfeeding and formula-feeding, and (4) intention to perform evidence-based breastfeeding promotion behaviors. A quasi-experimental intervention with a non-equivalent control group was conducted at a major university in Hong Kong. The intervention group (n=111) received 10h of didactic instruction and an 8-week perinatal clinical rotation while the control group (n=162) did not. The intervention group was significantly more likely to associate breastfeeding with positive maternal and child outcomes. Attitudes toward breastfeeding and formula-feeding were not significantly affected by the educational intervention. On the 19-item knowledge survey, the control group (M=6.84; SD=2.95) scored significantly lower than the intervention group (M=10.30; SD=2.51). A public health breastfeeding promotion strategy frequently overlooked is professional-level curricular interventions. Improving evidence-based practices in nursing programs has the potential to impact many breastfeeding families in the hospital and the community." ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 1718 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17257711_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 1178, 1183 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4745647_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Proton magnetic resonance assignments of the polypeptide antibiotic telomycin." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 78 ] ] }, { "id": "4745647_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 79, 79 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4745647_MESH:C009392_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "telomycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C009392" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "21809044_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Preadolescent anxiety: an epidemiological study concerning an Italian sample of 3,479 nine-year-old pupils." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 107 ] ] }, { "id": "21809044_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The epidemiology of anxiety traits was examined in a large sample of Italian preadolescent children, and 3,479 Italian nine-year-old subjects were enrolled. Anxious traits were observed in 10.5% of children. No significant gender differences were found, but children of separated couples presented a relative risk for anxious traits that was 50% higher, than children of cohabiting or married parents. Moreover, large families (more than 4 members) with a stay-at-home mother were also associated with anxiety in the offspring. Currently, this is the first study carried out in a large sample of preadolescent children, all of the same age." ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 748 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "21809044_MESH:D001007_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "21809044_MESH:D001007_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 128, 135 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "21809044_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 199, 207 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21809044_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 306, 314 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21809044_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 366, 374 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21809044_MESH:C567520_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxious traits" ], "offsets": [ [ 426, 440 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C567520" } ] }, { "id": "21809044_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 467, 475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "21809044_MESH:D001007_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anxiety" ], "offsets": [ [ 610, 617 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001007" } ] }, { "id": "21809044_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 718, 726 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31178643_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Relationship of Decubitus Ulcer on Cervix in Pelvic Organ Prolapse with POP-Q Staging." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "31178643_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Aim: Utero vaginal prolapse is a very common complaint of patients in the OPD. It's an entity that existed since a very long time and hence many classifications were proposed; however, only one system was found to be a validated system for determining the degree of prolapse-POP-Q system. Objective: To determine the relationship of decubitus ulcer with POP-Q staging. Materials and Methods: A prospective study of 100 patients with complaints of prolapse (something coming out of vagina) was considered. The patients were staged in accordance with POP-Q system. The number of patients with decubitus ulcer were noted. The area of each decubitus ulcer was also noted, by measuring the radius. Statistical tests were applied to find out if the relationship of the presence of and the area of decubitus ulcer with stage of prolapse was significant. Results: It was found that as the stage of prolapse increased, the number of patients with decubitus ulcer also increased. Also, as the Point C measurement increased, the area (small/medium/large size) of the decubitus ulcer also increased. Conclusion: There is a definite correlation between the presence of decubitus ulcer along with its area and the POP-Q component. The study also indicated that POP-Q staging is the only method of classification available that allows accurate and standardized measurements, foregoing pitfalls of all previous classifications." ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 1498 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31178643_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 145, 153 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_MESH:D003668_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "decubitus ulcer" ], "offsets": [ [ 420, 435 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003668" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 506, 514 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 596, 604 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 664, 672 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_MESH:D003668_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "decubitus ulcer" ], "offsets": [ [ 678, 693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003668" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_MESH:D003668_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "decubitus ulcer" ], "offsets": [ [ 723, 738 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003668" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_MESH:D003668_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "decubitus ulcer" ], "offsets": [ [ 878, 893 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003668" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1011, 1019 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_MESH:D003668_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "decubitus ulcer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1025, 1040 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003668" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_MESH:D003668_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "decubitus ulcer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1143, 1158 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003668" } ] }, { "id": "31178643_MESH:D003668_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "decubitus ulcer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1243, 1258 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003668" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17628377_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effective doses in subjects undergoing computed tomography cardiac imaging with the 256-multislice CT scanner." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 110 ] ] }, { "id": "17628377_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: The 256-multislice CT (256MSCT) obtains volumetric data with 128-mm coverage in a single rotation. This coverage allows satisfactory visualization of the whole heart, allowing the 256MSCT to visualize the cardiac chambers and coronary arteries by cine scan without ECG gating. These characteristics provide a solution to the problems of MSCT. Although a wider beam width provides more efficient imaging over a wider coverage area, patient doses with the 256MSCT are of considerable concern. OBJECTIVE: We assessed potential radiation exposure with the 256MSCT in a cardiac CT protocol and compared the results to those with 16- and 64MSCT (collimated 64x0.5mm using 256MSCT). METHODS: Organ or tissue doses were measured in an anthropomorphic phantom under a coronary artery imaging protocol with the 256MSCT in cine scan mode without ECG gating, and with the 16- and 64MSCT in helical scan mode with ECG gating. RESULTS: Average effective doses were 22.8mSv for the 16MSCT, 27.8mSv for the 64MSCT and 14.1mSv for the 256MSCT. The 16- and 64MSCT doses were thus approximately 1.6- and 2.0-fold higher than those of the 256MSCT. CONCLUSIONS: Use of the 256MSCT in cardiac volumetric cine imaging offers lower radiation exposure than 16- and 64MSCT, and suggests the potential of this equipment in single-beat cardiac imaging without ECG gating. This effective dose is acceptable for routine cardiac imaging." ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 1529 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17628377_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 554, 561 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13597887_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A method for rapid fractionation of particulate systems by gradient differential centrifugation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 96 ] ] }, { "id": "13597887_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 97, 97 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29068890_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Software-Based Three-Dimensional Surface Imaging and Scanning in Plastic Surgery." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 81 ] ] }, { "id": "29068890_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 82, 82 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "36405176_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Development of a self-report measure to assess sleep satisfaction: Protocol for the Suffolk Sleep Index (SuSI)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 111 ] ] }, { "id": "36405176_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Good sleep is essential for health but there is no consensus on how to define and measure people's understanding of good sleep. To date, people's perceptions of a good night's sleep have been, almost exclusively, conceptualized under the lens of sleep quality, which refers to objective characteristics of good sleep, such as such as ease and time needed to fall asleep, hours of sleep, and physical symptoms during sleep and upon awakening. A related, yet different construct, sleep satisfaction, refers to perceived positive affect about one's sleep experience and has, to date, received little attention. This research focuses on sleep satisfaction, rather than sleep quality, and aims to develop a self-report measure to assess sleep satisfaction in an English adult population. As the measure will be developed in Suffolk, England, and its primary intended users are Suffolk community members, it is labelled the Suffolk Sleep Index (SuSI). The SuSI will draw from principles of community-based participatory research, following a seven-phase developmental process comprising literature review, interviews with Suffolk community members, synthesis of literature review and interview findings, pre-testing, pilot-testing, scale evaluation, and refinement. The present research will also investigate indices related to sleep satisfaction, including the community's general health status, lifestyle factors and socio-economic status. The research will add to the limited, yet emerging body of research on perceived sleep satisfaction and its measurement. To our knowledge, a valid and reliable sleep satisfaction self-report measure has not been developed in the United Kingdom previously." ], "offsets": [ [ 112, 1803 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "36405176_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 202, 208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "36405176_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 249, 255 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15758346_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Age-associated changes in quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) of the os calcis in Lebanese women-assessment of a Lebanese reference population." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 141 ] ] }, { "id": "15758346_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to assess age changes in quantitative ultrasonometry (QUS) in a large sample of Lebanese women to determine a Lebanese reference population. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) and speed of sound (SOS) and the stiffness index (SI) of the os calcaneus was measured in 4,320 women with a mean age of 52.5 years (age range 20 to 79 years) using three identical Achilles Express (GE/Lunar) and one Achilles Plus (GE/Lunar) ultrasonometry devices. Women were randomly selected and asked to participate in a nationwide screening program using the media, conferences, telephone calls etc. Measurements were performed at Red Cross centers located all over the country. No inclusion or exclusion criteria were used. RESULTS: There was an overall decline of 19.2% for BUA, 3.1% for SOS and 30.3% for SI between late adolescence and old age. In premenopausal women, BUA decreased only slightly by 3%, while postmenopausal women showed a significant decline of 16.2%. In contrast, SOS continuously decreased from the age of 42; there was a decline of 0.8% from adolescence to the menopause; postmenopausal women showed a larger decline of 2.4%. The SI of premenopausal women decreased by 6%, while postmenopausal women showed a significantly larger decline of 24.3%. SI value for the female Lebanese young adult reference is 8% lower than that of the American and European women (92 SI units compared to 100). At the age of 42, SI value for the Lebanese women is 10.4% lower than the American women and 7.5% lower than the European women (86 SI units compared to 96 and 93, respectively). At the age of 75, SI values for the Lebanese women is 4.4% lower than the American women and the European women (65 SI units compared to 68). The decline in stiffness index for the Lebanese women between age 20 and 75 years is about 30.3% compared to 32% for the American or European reference curves. The rate of decrease for the Lebanese women was 0.2 SI units per year for the premenopausal period, and 0.7 SI units per year for the postmenopausal period. CONCLUSION: The age-related female, Lebanese reference curve was significantly different from the American and the European reference curves used by the manufacturer. Therefore, the use of our standardized reference data instead of the proposed US or European database reduces the risk of overestimating osteoporosis in the Lebanese population. The impact of our results on the prevalence of osteoporotic fracture in Lebanon has to be evaluated later on." ], "offsets": [ [ 142, 2720 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "15758346_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 263, 268 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 503, 508 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Women" ], "offsets": [ [ 673, 678 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1078, 1083 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1141, 1146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1324, 1329 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1387, 1392 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1431, 1436 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1591, 1596 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1672, 1677 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1711, 1716 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1750, 1755 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1852, 1857 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1890, 1895 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1913, 1918 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1997, 2002 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 2147, 2152 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_MESH:D010024_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "osteoporosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 2570, 2582 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010024" } ] }, { "id": "15758346_MESH:D058866_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "osteoporotic fracture" ], "offsets": [ [ 2658, 2679 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058866" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11930173_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Protective effects of tetramethylpyrazine on kainate-induced excitotoxicity in hippocampal culture." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 99 ] ] }, { "id": "11930173_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) is the major component extracted from the Chinese herb, Chuanxiong. This study focuses on the protective effect of tetramethylpyrazine in kainate-induced excitotoxicity in rat hippocampus. Primary neuronal cultures raised from cells isolated from the hippocampi of 7-day old rats were treated with kainate (75-450 microM) for 12, 24, and 48 h. Our results revealed that kainate induced neuronal damage in a dose- and time-dependent manner, reaching maximal damage at 150 microM and 24 h and persisted for higher doses and 48 h. In addition, 1 h of kainate (150 microM) treatment led to significant generation of free radicals and reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) which persisted for > or = 4 h on continued exposure. Ten minutes pretreatment with 1 or 5 microM tetramethylpyrazine dose dependently and significantly attenuated the kainate-induced damage. Taken together, the results suggest that multiple mechanisms including protection of mitochondria, decrease in free radical generation and scavenging of free radicals might be involved in TMP's protection against kainate induced cell toxicity." ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 1243 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11930173_MESH:C017953_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tetramethylpyrazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 41 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C017953" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D007608_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "kainate" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007608" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:C017953_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Tetramethylpyrazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 119 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C017953" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:C017953_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 121, 124 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C017953" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:C017953_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tetramethylpyrazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 241, 260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C017953" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D007608_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "kainate" ], "offsets": [ [ 264, 271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007608" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_10116_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 298, 301 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_10116_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 401, 405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D007608_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "kainate" ], "offsets": [ [ 424, 431 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007608" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D007608_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "kainate" ], "offsets": [ [ 496, 503 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007608" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D009410_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neuronal damage" ], "offsets": [ [ 512, 527 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009410" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D007608_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "kainate" ], "offsets": [ [ 674, 681 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007608" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:C017953_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "tetramethylpyrazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 906, 925 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C017953" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D007608_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "kainate" ], "offsets": [ [ 976, 983 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007608" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:C017953_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1188, 1191 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C017953" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D007608_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "kainate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1213, 1220 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007608" } ] }, { "id": "11930173_MESH:D064420_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 1234, 1242 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6958400_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The effects of vasoactive peptides on the carotid cardiac baroreflex." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "6958400_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "1. In unanaesthetized sheep, transitory hypertension caused by intravenous angiotensin II and angiotensin III is not associated with a progressive increase in pulse interval, while hypertension caused by intravenous vasopressin produces a progressive increase in pulse interval. 2. Experiments in anaesthetized dogs showed that the three peptides do not alter the sensitivity of the carotid sinus baroreceptors. When arterial pressure was increased by angiotensin II and III, cardiac vagal efferent discharge did not increase as much as it did when blood pressure was raised by intravenous phenylephine or inflation of an intra-aortic balloon--often vagal discharge did not increase at all, or even fell. Vasopressin on the other hand produced a sustained and marked increase in cardiac vagal efferent nerve activity; this was in excess of the increase evoked when other agents were used to raise blood pressure. 3. Thus the three peptides can centrally modulate vagal control of heart rate." ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 1061 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6958400_9940_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "sheep" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9940" } ] }, { "id": "6958400_MESH:D006973_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 110, 122 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "6958400_MESH:D006973_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 263 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "6958400_9615_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dogs" ], "offsets": [ [ 381, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] }, { "id": "6958400_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "angiotensin II and III" ], "offsets": [ [ 522, 544 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "6958400_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "phenylephine" ], "offsets": [ [ 660, 672 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "339535_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Treatment of bladder cancer recurrences]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 42 ] ] }, { "id": "339535_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Chemical antitumor drugs employed by the authors failed to render any cytostatic effect on bladder cancer recurrences. Only surgical treatment might provide a short-term remission. The best results of treatment for recurrent bladder cancer were gained in the combination therapy (surgery and radiotherapy) and also while using distant gammatherapy." ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 391 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "339535_MESH:D001749_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bladder cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 28 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001749" } ] }, { "id": "339535_MESH:D001749_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bladder cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 148 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001749" } ] }, { "id": "339535_MESH:D001749_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bladder cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 268, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001749" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5783264_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Preference for complexity in acute schizophrenics." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 50 ] ] }, { "id": "5783264_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 51 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12985516_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Structure of the myometrium]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 30 ] ] }, { "id": "12985516_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 31, 31 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29530675_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Conscience of an MFM." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 25 ] ] }, { "id": "29530675_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Much has been written about conscience-based objections to the provision of reproductive abortion services. Nevertheless, conscience may drive providers in the other direction as well: OB/GYNs may, in fact, decide to provide these services because of their well-considered moral, ethical, and religious convictions." ], "offsets": [ [ 26, 341 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29530675_MESH:D009765_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "OB" ], "offsets": [ [ 211, 213 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34921846_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Practical considerations in transforming MSC therapy for neurological diseases from cell to EV." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 95 ] ] }, { "id": "34921846_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Cell-based therapy using Mesenchymal Stromal Cell (MSC) has generally been efficacious in treating a myriad of diseases in animal models and clinical trials. The rationale for MSC therapy was predicated on the potential of MSC to differentiate and form new replacement cells in the diseased tissue. However, pre-clinical animal and clinical data were more consistent with a secretion- and not a differentiation-based rationale. Analysis of MSC secretion led to the identification of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as therapeutically active, secretory agents. MSC-sEVs are defined as bi-lipid membrane vesicles of 50-200 nm in diameter that are secreted by MSCs. They reportedly exert similar therapeutic efficacy as MSCs in many diseases including neurological diseases. MSC-sEVs being small and non-living are intrinsically safer than living MSCs. Manufacturing of MSC-sEVs may also be less complex. Nevertheless, realising the therapeutic potential of MSC-sEVs will require exacting scientific rigor and robustness, as well as compliance to regulatory oversight. This review summarises the scientific rationale for the transition of MSC therapy from a cell- to an EV-based therapy and discusses critical scientific issues in the development of MSC-sEVs therapy." ], "offsets": [ [ 96, 1364 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34921846_MESH:D020271_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neurological diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020271" } ] }, { "id": "34921846_MESH:D020271_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "neurological diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 849, 870 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020271" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23964333_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Propofol versus Midazolam for Sedation during Esophagogastroduodenoscopy in Children." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 85 ] ] }, { "id": "23964333_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND/AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of propofol and midazolam for sedation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in children. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the hospital records of 62 children who underwent ambulatory diagnostic EGD during 1-year period. Data were collected from 34 consecutive patients receiving propofol alone. Twenty-eight consecutive patients who received sedation with midazolam served as a comparison group. Outcome variables were length of procedure, time to recovery and need for additional supportive measures. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in age, weight, sex, and the length of endoscopic procedure. The recovery time from sedation was markedly shorter in propofol group (30+-16.41 minutes) compared with midazolam group (58.89+-17.32 minutes; p<0.0001). During and after the procedure the mean heart rate was increased in midazolam group (133.04+-19.92 and 97.82+-16.7) compared with propofol group (110.26+-20.14 and 83.26+-12.33; p<0.0001). There was no localized pain during sedative administration in midazolam group, though six patients had localized pain during administration of propofol (p<0.028). There was no serious major complication associated with any of the 62 procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous administered propofol provides faster recovery time and similarly safe sedation compared with midazolam in pediatric patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy." ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 1577 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23964333_MESH:D015742_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Propofol" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 8 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015742" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D008874_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 25 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Children" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 84 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D015742_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "propofol" ], "offsets": [ [ 142, 150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015742" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D008874_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 295, 303 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 406, 414 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D015742_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "propofol" ], "offsets": [ [ 425, 433 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015742" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 466, 474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D008874_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 502, 511 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D015742_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "propofol" ], "offsets": [ [ 849, 857 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015742" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D008874_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 898, 907 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D008874_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 1016, 1025 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D015742_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "propofol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1078, 1086 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015742" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D010146_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1160, 1164 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D008874_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 1199, 1208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1227, 1235 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D010146_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1250, 1254 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010146" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D015742_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "propofol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1280, 1288 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015742" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D015742_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "propofol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1420, 1428 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015742" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_MESH:D008874_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "midazolam" ], "offsets": [ [ 1501, 1510 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008874" } ] }, { "id": "23964333_9606_22", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1524, 1532 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1633676_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Reconstruction of the burned lower extremity." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 45 ] ] }, { "id": "1633676_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Many of the long-term sequelae and deformities are preventable by early wound closure and aggressive physical managements. Concurrent and associated injuries and medical problems may place a patient with lower extremity burn injury into different clinical subsets. The standard care may have to be modified to accommodate these differences. The scars, the deformities, and the morbidity have decreased dramatically with early aggressive care and physical management. When contractures and deformities are recognized early in the rehabilitation phase, many of these can be satisfactorily corrected by physical means. If the contractures cause functional limitations, surgical release is indicated. The donor defects of free grafts or flaps should not be more deforming than the original injury. The goal is to return the patient to society as normal in function and appearance as possible." ], "offsets": [ [ 46, 934 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1633676_MESH:D009140_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deformities" ], "offsets": [ [ 81, 92 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009140" } ] }, { "id": "1633676_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 237, 244 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "1633676_MESH:D009140_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deformities" ], "offsets": [ [ 402, 413 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009140" } ] }, { "id": "1633676_MESH:D003286_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "contractures" ], "offsets": [ [ 518, 530 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003286" } ] }, { "id": "1633676_MESH:D009140_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "deformities" ], "offsets": [ [ 535, 546 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009140" } ] }, { "id": "1633676_MESH:D003286_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "contractures" ], "offsets": [ [ 669, 681 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003286" } ] }, { "id": "1633676_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 866, 873 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9409877_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Progeroid syndrome with characteristic facial appearance and hand anomalies in father and son." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 94 ] ] }, { "id": "9409877_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We report on the father-to-son transmission of a progeroid syndrome characterized by facial anomalies, sparse subcutaneous fat, and hand anomalies including syndactyly, camptodactyly, and finger deviation. Mild mental retardation, microcephaly, and congenital heart defect were found only in the son. To our knowledge, this syndrome has not been described previously." ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 462 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9409877_MESH:D006230_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hand anomalies" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006230" } ] }, { "id": "9409877_MESH:D005148_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "facial anomalies" ], "offsets": [ [ 180, 196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005148" } ] }, { "id": "9409877_MESH:D006230_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hand anomalies" ], "offsets": [ [ 227, 241 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006230" } ] }, { "id": "9409877_MESH:D008607_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mental retardation" ], "offsets": [ [ 306, 324 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008607" } ] }, { "id": "9409877_MESH:D008831_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "microcephaly" ], "offsets": [ [ 326, 338 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008831" } ] }, { "id": "9409877_MESH:D006330_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "congenital heart defect" ], "offsets": [ [ 344, 367 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006330" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27352591_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Review of the 2016 Swiss immunization schedule and technology update for improving vaccine management]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 104 ] ] }, { "id": "27352591_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The 2016 immunization schedule published by the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health includes three new clauses: reimbursement of the additional Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in young males (11-26 years) as recommended by local canton programs, the end of franchise exemption for the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination, and the creation of a new system of indemnities and moral compensation in the event of personal injury resulting from vaccinations. This article presents the main features of the 2016 immunization schedule with details of the technology available to physicians to improve vaccine management." ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 736 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "27352591_10566_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Human Papillomavirus" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 271 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10566" } ] }, { "id": "27352591_10566_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "HPV" ], "offsets": [ [ 273, 276 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10566" } ] }, { "id": "27352591_MESH:D012409_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rubella" ], "offsets": [ [ 418, 425 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012409" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "591516_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "An independent 'post-mortem' calibration of electrical resistance strain gauges bonded to bone surfaces 'in vivo'." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 114 ] ] }, { "id": "591516_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 115, 115 ] ] } ]

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