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Nigeria at the 1956 Summer Olympics
Nigeria competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia.
References
Official Olympic Reports
sports-reference
1956
Summer Olympics
1956 Summer Olympics
Category:Nations at the 1956 Summer Olympics | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Hennepin Center for the Arts
The Hennepin Center for the Arts (HCA) is an art center in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States. It occupies a building on Hennepin Avenue constructed in 1888 as a Masonic Temple. The building was designed by Long and Kees in the Richardsonian Romanesque architectural style. In 1978, it was purchased and underwent a renovation to become the HCA. Currently it is owned by Artspace Projects, Inc, and is home to more than 17 performing and visual art companies who reside on the building's eight floors. The eighth floor contains the Illusion Theater, which hosts many shows put on by companies in the building.
HCA is now a part of the Cowles Center for Dance and the Performing Arts (formerly the Minnesota Shubert Performing Arts and Education Center). The new performing arts center is a three-building complex that includes the renovated Shubert Theatre building (renamed the Goodale Theater) and a new glass-walled atrium connecting the two historic buildings and serving them both as a common lobby. The Cowles Center hosted a three-day Grand Opening Gala September 9–11, 2011.
The building was listed as the Masonic Temple on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975 for its local significance in the theme of architecture. It was nominated for the craftsmanship and integrity of its design by a significant local architectural firm, and for being one of the last well-preserved Richardsonian Romanesque business buildings in Minneapolis.
See also
List of former Masonic buildings in the United States
National Register of Historic Places listings in Hennepin County, Minnesota
References
External links
History of the Hennepin Center for the Arts
Masonic Temple tribute by James Lileks
Category:1977 establishments in Minnesota
Category:Arts centers in Minnesota
Category:Former Masonic buildings in Minnesota
Category:Masonic buildings completed in 1888
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Minneapolis
Category:Richardsonian Romanesque architecture in Minnesota | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Jerneja Perc
Jerneja Perc (17 February 1971 – 29 November 2009) was a Slovenian sprinter who specialized in the 100 metres.
She won a bronze medal in 60 metres at the 1996 European Indoor Championships.
She participated at the 1995 World Indoor Championships, the 1995 World Championships and the 1997 World Indoor Championships without reaching the finals.
She died on 29 November 2009 after a long illness.
References
External links
Category:1971 births
Category:2009 deaths
Category:Slovenian female sprinters
Category:Place of birth missing | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Eminescu's Linden Tree
Eminescu's Linden Tree () is a 500-year-old silver lime (Tilia tomentosa Moench) in Copou Park, Iași, Romania.
Mihai Eminescu reportedly wrote some of his best works underneath this lime, rendering the tree one of Romania's most important natural monuments and a Iași landmark.
Age
According to the Iasi Environmental Protection Agency's official data, the tree is approximately 458 years old. A more recent survey conducted using an increment borer, placed the tree at 540 years of age (+- 3%).
Civic symbol
The tree was used as a civic symbol by the students who protested, in February 2013, against the removal (by felling) of the linden tree alignment in the Iaşi city centre, and its replacement by the local municipality with miniature Japanese shrubs. In November 2015, the decision was reversed following a public referendum on the topic, which resulted in the reinstatement of limes in the city centre.
Current status
In June 2014, Asociatia Dendro-Ornamentala "Anastasie Fatu Iasi", backed by the Iaşi Academic Group and the 'Iașul Iubește Teii' ('Iasi Loves Its Linden Trees') civic campaign, with support from 'Asociația Peisagiștilor din România' (ASOP) and 'Centrul de resurse pentru participare publica' (The Resource Center for Public Participation) (CeRe) (Bucharest), warned the City Hall over the tree's near critical condition, and asked for a number of emergency dendrological measures to be taken. Later the same month, the City Hall complied with the request and, under the supervision of ing. dr. Ionel Lupu (President, Asociatia Dendro-Ornamentala "Anastasie Fatu Iasi") proceeded to treating the lime with Bordeaux mixture, insect repellent and organic soil enrichments.
One day after the treatment, joined by local intellectuals and members of the public, ing. dr. Ionel Lupu, Professor Mandache Leocov and Professor Liviu Antonesei gathered near the tree and argued for the replanting of limes in the Iasi city centre, while accusing the City Hall of gross incompetence in managing the city's green spaces.
Gallery
Notes
External links
Iasi - the county of centuries-old trees
Category:Tourist attractions in Iași
Category:Individual trees in Romania | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Viggo Larsen
Viggo Larsen (14 August 1880 – 6 January 1957) was a Danish film actor, director and producer from the early silent era to the 'talkies'. He appeared in 140 films between 1906 and 1942. He also directed 235 films between 1906 and 1921. He was born and died in Copenhagen, Denmark.
Selected filmography
Løvejagten (1907)
Ørneægget (1909)
Arsène Lupin contra Sherlock Holmes (1910)
Frank Hansen's Fortune (1917)
The Newest Star of Variety (1917)
The Coquette (1917)
Not of the Woman Born (1918)
In the Castle by the Lake (1918)
Film Kathi (1918)
The Adventure of a Ball Night (1918)
The Son of Hannibal (1918)
The Secret of Wera Baranska (1919)
The Secret of the Scaffold (1919)
A Night in Paradise (1919)
Colonel Chabert (1920)
The Pearl of the Orient (1921)
The Fire Ship (1922)
Hallig Hooge (1923)
Orient (1924)
The Doll Queen (1925)
Stronger Than Regulations (1936)
Togger (1937)
Clarissa (1941)
Diesel (1942)
External links
Category:1880 births
Category:1957 deaths
Category:Danish male film actors
Category:Danish male silent film actors
Category:20th-century Danish male actors
Category:Danish film directors
Category:German-language film directors
Category:Male actors from Copenhagen | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Helping John
Helping John is a short American silent comedy produced by the Edison Company in 1912.
Release
The film was released in the United States on August 14, 1912. It reached venues New Zealand in December, 1912, screening in Canterbury at the beginning of the month, and in Whanganui just after Christmas. It subsequently played in Masterton in January, 1913, and at His Majesty's Theatre in Stratford, Taranaki in February. It was programmed with Holding the Fort when it was screened at King's Theatre in Thames, in March.
References
External links
Category:1912 films
Category:1910s comedy films
Category:1910s short films
Category:American comedy films
Category:American films
Category:American black-and-white films
Category:American silent short films
Category:Comedy short films | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Richard Buckner (musician)
Richard Buckner is an American singer-songwriter born in California, United States. After living in Edmonton, Alberta, for a number of years, he relocated to Brooklyn, New York.
Background
Buckner's solo career began with Bloomed (1994), a lyrically dense suite of songs recorded in Lubbock, Texas and produced by Lloyd Maines. It was released when Buckner was the frontman of the band The Doubters, which was not achieving very much success at the time. In January 1996, while living in San Francisco, he recorded an album's worth of acoustic songs, all of which reappeared in more fully realized forms on his second and third albums. The CD was self-produced and self-released, and was sold exclusively at his early shows.
Later that year, he signed with MCA Records, for whom he recorded two albums, both produced by J.D. Foster. Devotion + Doubt was released in 1997, displaying a more adventurous, almost avant-garde approach to songwriting and arranging, and featuring backing from members of the band Giant Sand, as well as Maines and Marc Ribot, among others. Its follow-up, 1998's Since, continues in this style, with an even greater emphasis on detailed production, this time featuring contributions from John McEntire, Dave Schramm, David Grubbs, Syd Straw, and others. Although these albums garnered considerable critical approval for Buckner, they did not perform well enough for his label, and he was released from his contract with MCA Records (whom he then nicknamed 'Musical Career Assassins') shortly thereafter.
His 2000 album, The Hill, was released by Overcoat Recordings and features poems from Edgar Lee Masters' Spoon River Anthology, which Buckner set to music. He returned in 2002, first with the EP Impasse-ette, then a full-length entitled Impasse one month later. In early 2003, his self-released, self-titled album was reissued by Overcoat, his final release for the label. In 2004, an edited version of Buckner's song "Ariel Ramirez", from the album Since (1998) was featured in a television ad for the Volkswagen Touareg. The song, in its original form, was also featured in the 2008 horror film, The Strangers.
He is currently aligned with the North Carolina-based indie label Merge Records, who released 2004's Dents and Shells and 2006's Meadow. Between the two, he released an album with Jon Langford called Sir Dark Invader vs. The Fanglord (2005, originally recorded in Sally Timms's house in 2002) on Buried Treasure Records. Merge Records released Buckner's album Our Blood on August 2, 2011. The album was licensed in Europe and Oceania to Decor records.
Buckner latest album, Surrounded, was released in 2013 by Merge Records.
Buckner has been cited as an inspiration by Justin Vernon of Bon Iver. In an interview, Vernon stated that 22, A Million was dedicated to Buckner and Bernice Johnson Reagon.
Discography
Bloomed (1994, 1999)
Richard Buckner (1996, 2003)
Devotion + Doubt (1997)
Since (1998)
The Hill (2000)
Impasse-ette (EP) (2002)
Impasse (2002)
Dents and Shells (2004)
Sir Dark Invader vs. The Fanglord [with Jon Langford] (2005)
Meadow (2006)
Our Blood (2011)
Surrounded (2013)
Other contributions
The Band of Blacky Ranchette – Still Lookin' Good to Me (Thrill Jockey, 2003)
References
External links
Richard Buckner's Our Blood on The Lyric Sheet from InDigest
Category:American alternative country singers
Category:American country singer-songwriters
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Six Shooter Records artists
Category:Merge Records artists | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
DGF Flensborg
The DGF Flensborg is a German association football club from the city of Flensburg, Schleswig-Holstein.
DGF is the largest of the clubs of the Danish minority in northern Germany. Apart from offering association football, it also has well as boxing, baseball, badminton, handball and inline hockey departments. DGF no longer has an American football department.
History
Danish minority
The Danish minority in Schleswig-Holstein is currently (2008) considered to consist of about 50,000 people. The Danish government supports the minority financially, (400,000,000 Danish krone in 2004). Since the Bonn-Kopenhagener-Declarations in 1955, the Danish minority enjoys special rights equivalent to the special rights the German minority in Denmark enjoys.
Club
The club was formed in 1923 as a gymnastics association by the city's Danish minority, as indicated by its Danish language name and the use of the Danish Flensborg rather than the German Flensburg. In 1926, DGF took up football, playing games at the Tivoliplatz. In the following years, the club expanded its number of departments but from 1933, with the rise of the Nazis to power, found itself more and more restricted. From 1937, the club's activities almost ceased altogether due to attempts by Nazis to Germanise the Danish minority.
Upon the return of its members following the Second World War, DFG resumed its activities in 1947. In 1948, some club members left DGF to form another ethnically-Danish club, the IF Stjernen Flensborg. DGF was granted the use of Frueskovens Idrætspark as its home ground by the city of Flensburg. In 1951, an agreement was reached with the German football federation of Schleswig-Holstein and its clubs, granting Danish minority clubs the same rights and duties as their German counterparts, the Sportfrieden von Malente (English: Sports peace of Malente).
Through the support of Danish Football Association, part of the gate receipts from a Denmark national football team versus Norway national football team international were made available to the club and DGF was able to buy Frueskovens Idrætspark. The club had to use old military tents as its change rooms. By joining the Schleswig-Holstein Football Federation they were finally permitted to take part in competitive football.
In 1957, DGF built its own club house and in 1967 the facility was expanded through the addition of change rooms and showers. However, in 1974, the club had to transfer Frueskovens Idrætspark back to the city of Flensburg as they were unable to afford necessary major upgrades.
For its 75th anniversary in 1998, the club attracted Brøndby IF for a friendly. In 2001, Frueskovens Idrætspark once more changed ownership when it was acquired by the Sydslesvigs danske Ungdomsforeninger, a community based Danish organization.
On the field
DGF entered the Bezirksklasse Nord Schleswig-Holstein (III) in 1951 but could not hold their place. They returned to the Bezirksliga in 1959, and then in 1964 earned promotion to the Amateurliga Schleswig-Holstein, the local third division. They played two season there before being relegated to the 2nd Amateurliga Schleswig-Holstein Nord (IV) in 1966. While winning its league in 1966–67, they missed being promoted and after a 6th-place result the next season failed to qualify for the new Verbandsliga Nord (IV), slipping down to fifth tier Bezirksliga Nord.
Winning another championship in this league in 1968–69, the team gained promotion to the tier four Verbandsliga, where, after a difficult first season, it won the league in 1970–71 and returned to third division football. Coming second-last in the Landesliga in 1972, it was relegated back down straight away. DGF continued in the Verbandsliga as a lower table side, earning a fifth place in 1978–79 as its best result. In 1978, the Verbandsliga was renamed Landesliga and had become a tier five league since 1974, when the Oberliga Nord was reformed. In 1980, the club was relegated once more.
In the Bezirksliga Nord, DGF became a struggler against relegation, finishing one spot above it in each of its first three seasons there and improving from then on. After a couple of seasons in mid-table, the team was relegated further down in 1988 but returned immediately the year after. Mid to lower table finishes remained all the club could archive until a league championship in 1996 meant promotion once more.
Back in the Landesliga (V) the club finished in mid-table once more in the next three seasons until another league reorganisation meant it became part of the new Bezirksoberliga Nord. After dropping down a level in 2005 and returning in 2007, a tenth-place finish in 2008 in the Bezirksoberliga was enough for the club to qualify for the new Verbandsliga Schleswig-Holstein-Nord-West in another league restructuring.
In the 2008–09 season, DGF struggled in the Verbandsliga Schleswig-Holstein-Nord-West (VI), eventually finding itself relegated to the Kreisliga Flensburg. In this league the club came close to promotion in 2010 and 2011 when it finished second on both occasions. It took until 2015 to return to the Verbandsliga after it won a Kreisliga title. The club was relegated back to the now tier-eight Kreisliga in 2017 when the new Landesligas were introduced at tier six but won promotion back to the now seventh-division Verbandsliga in 2019.
Honours
The club's honours:
Verbandsliga Schleswig-Holstein Nord (IV)
Champions: 1971
2nd Amateurliga Schleswig-Holstein Nord (IV)
Champions: 1963, 1967
Bezirksliga Schleswig-Holstein Nord (V–VI)
Champions: 1969, 1996
Kreisliga Schleswig-Flensburg 1
Champions: 2015
Recent seasons
The recent season-by-season performance of the club:
With the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 and the 3. Liga in 2008 as the new third tier, below the 2. Bundesliga, all leagues below dropped one tier. With the introduction of the Landesligas in 2017 as the new sixth tier, all leagues from the Verbandsligas below dropped one tier. The Verbandsliga Nord-West was renamed to Verbandsliga Nord.
References
External links
Official team site
The Danish consulat in Flensburg website with information on the Danish minority
Das deutsche Fußball-Archiv historical German domestic league tables
Category:Football clubs in Germany
Category:Football clubs in Schleswig-Holstein
Category:Association football clubs established in 1926
Category:Sports clubs established in 1923
Category:1923 establishments in Germany
Dgf
Category:Danish minority of Southern Schleswig | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Raymonde Tillon
Raymonde Tillon (22 October 1915 – 17 July 2016) was a French politician. She was affiliated with the French Communist Party and was in the French Resistance during the Second World War.
Born Raymonde Barbé on 22 October 1915 in Puteaux, she married the communist Charles Nédelec in 1935. An early member of the Resistance, Tillon was arrested in 1941 and sentenced to twenty years hard labor by a court in Toulon. She was imprisoned in Marseille, Toulon and Lyon before being captured by the Germans in June 1944 and deported first to Saarbrücken, and then to the Ravensbrück concentration camp. On 20 April 1945, she escaped from German custody at a plant in Leipzig and made her way to Marseille. She was a MP for Bouches-du-Rhône from 1945 to 1951. She married Communist leader Charles Tillon in 1951 and had two children, Itea (1950) and Nadia (1952). After a strong condemnation of the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968, she was banned from the Communist Party. She edited her husband's memoirs after his death in 1993.
She died at the age of 100 on 17 July 2016. She was the last survivor of the 33 women elected to the first Constituent Assembly of the French Fourth Republic.
References
Category:1915 births
Category:2016 deaths
Category:People from Puteaux
Category:French women in politics
Category:French Communist Party members
Category:Communist members of the French Resistance
Category:Female resistance members of World War II
Category:Nazi concentration camp survivors
Category:French centenarians
Category:20th-century French women politicians
Category:French women in World War II
Category:Women centenarians | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Cascade Plantation
Cascade Plantation, also known as Willow Oaks, is a historic plantation house located near Eden, Rockingham County, North Carolina. It dates to the 1830s, and is a two-story, five bay by three bay, Federal style frame dwelling. It sits on a brick basement and is sheathed in weatherboard. It has pairs of brick exterior chimneys on each gable end.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.
References
Category:Plantation houses in North Carolina
Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina
Category:Federal architecture in North Carolina
Category:Houses in Rockingham County, North Carolina
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Rockingham County, North Carolina | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Cicheng
Cicheng () is a town in the Jiangbei District of Ningbo in Zhejiang. It is an ancient walled city dating from the 8th century when it was renowned for its handicrafts. As of 2012 the town and its ancient traditions were being revived by the government of Ningbo through the Cicheng Development Company and the Cicheng Innovation Cultural Park where demonstrations of traditional handicrafts by skilled craftsmen are presented. Traditional craftsmen are encouraged to settle in the town and establish workshops.
Notes
External links
Yu, Genyue. "Cicheng'an Age-old Town" City of Ningbo. (Archive)
Homepage Cicheng.org
Category:Ningbo
Category:Tourist attractions in Ningbo
Category:Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Zhejiang | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Jimmy Neutron's Atomic Flyer
Jimmy Neutron's Atomic Flyer is a steel suspended family roller coaster at Movie Park Germany. This is the first Vekoma Suspended Family Coaster to feature their redesigned restraints. This ride is inspired by The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius.
References
External links
Category:Roller coasters introduced in 2007
Category:Suspended Family Coaster roller coasters
Category:Nickelodeon in amusement parks
Category:Movie Park Germany | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
County Borough of Rochdale
Rochdale was, from 1856 to 1974, a local government district coterminate with the town of Rochdale in the northwest of England.
Municipal borough
In January 1856 the inhabitant householders of the Parliamentary Borough of Rochdale, Lancashire, petitioned the Privy Council for the grant of a charter of incorporation under the Municipal Corporations Act constituting the town as a municipal borough. The petition was successful and the charter was granted in September 1856. In 1858 the borough corporation took over the powers of the Rochdale Improvement Commissioners, which had been established by private act of parliament in 1825 to watch, light and cleanse the town. The borough was extended in 1872.
County borough
The Local Government Act 1888 constituted all municipal boroughs with a population of more than 50,000 as "county borough"s. Accordingly, the County Borough of Rochdale came into existence in 1889, with the powers of both a borough and a county council. Rochdale remained within Lancashire for certain purposes such as lieutenancy and administration of justice.
In 1900 the county borough absorbed the bulk of the neighbouring Castleton Urban District by mutual agreement.
The borough boundaries were extended again in 1933 by a county review order.
The county borough was abolished in 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972. Its area formed part of the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale in the new county of Greater Manchester.
Borough council
Under the charter of 1856 the borough was governed by a town council consisting of a mayor, ten aldermen and thirty councillors. The borough was divided into three wards: Castleton and Wardleworth represented by twelve councillors and four aldermen each, and Spotland with six councillors and two aldermen. One third of the councillors in each ward were elected annually by the burgesses or local government electors. The aldermen were elected to a six-year term by the council itself, with half the aldermanic bench retiring every three years. The mayor was elected annually by the council from among their membership.
When the borough was extended in 1872, the council seats were redistributed and the borough was divided into ten wards, each with three councillors and one alderman, with the size of the council remaining at forty. When Castleton Urban District was absorbed in 1900, an eleventh ward of Castleton Moor was added, and the council increased to thirty-three councillors and eleven alderman. In 1933 the bulk of Norden Urban District was added to the borough as a twelfth ward, and the council consisted of thirty-six councillors and twelve aldermen until its abolition in 1974.
Politics
For the first seven decades of the borough's existence it was dominated by the Liberal Party, who maintained a large majority. Conservatives formed an opposition grouping, and Socialist and Independent Labour Party councillors appeared from the end of the nineteenth century. From the nineteen thirties the Liberal hegemony began to be challenged, with an increase in the number of Labour and Conservative members, and there was no one grouping in control. By the nineteen sixties control alternated between Liberals/Conservative and Labour administrations.
Election results 1933–1972
The following list shows the numbers of councillors and aldermen of each party following the annual borough elections. There were no elections from 1939 to 1944 due the Second World War. Elections due in November 1948 were postponed until May 1949, with municipal elections held in that month from then on. The final elections to the county borough council were held in 1972, with members holding office until abolition two years later.
Coat of arms
The Mayor, Aldermen and Burgesses of Rochdale were granted armorial bearings by letters patent dated 20 February 1857 sealed by Sir Charles George Young, Garter Principal King of Arms; James Pulman, Clarenceux King of Arms; and Robert Laurie, Norroy King of Arms.
The blazon was as follows:
Argent a wool-pack encircled by two branches of the cotton-tree flowered and conjoined proper, a bordure sable, charged with eight martlets of the field. And for the Crest: Upon a wreath of the colours, a mill-rind sable, and above a fleece argent banded or.
The emblems in the centre of the shield represented the industries of the borough: a fleece for the woollen industry; the cotton branches for the cotton industry; and the millrind for the iron industry. The black border bore six martlets or heraldic swallows. The martlets and black and silver colouring were derived from the arms of the Rashdale and Dearden families. James Dearden purchased the manor of Rochdale from Lord Byron in 1823.
The crest, placed on a helm above the shield, represented the wool and iron industries with a fleece and millrind.
The Latin motto adopted was Crede Signo or "Trust in this sign". It was based on that of Baron Byron of Rochdale: Crede Byron.
The coat of arms continue to appear on the crest of Rochdale A.F.C., the town's football club.
Utilities
Rochdale, in common with many British municipalities, took over the ownership and provision of a number of utility services.
Gas supply
In 1824 the Rochdale Gas Light and Coke Company opened a gasworks at what would later be Dane Street. Following a dispute with the Rochdale Police Commissioners over the price of providing public street lighting, the Commissioners promoted a private act of parliament and acquired the undertaking in 1844, and in 1858 they passed to the borough. In 1871 the corporation began rebuilding and enlarging the gasworks. In the 1930s the Whitworth Vale and Milnrow gas companies were acquired. By 1948 the undertaking supplied the County Borough of Rochdale and the urban districts of Milnrow, Wardle and Whitworth. The corporation lost control of the undertaking to the North-Western Gas Board when gas supply was nationalised by the Gas Act 1948.
Water supply
A supply of drinking water was introduced to the town by a private company in 1809. In 1866 the borough corporation took control. The original reservoir at Leyland Brow proved insufficient for the town, and in 1898 Ramsden Reservoir was acquired along with the Todmorden Waterworks Company. As the town grew it was clear that a larger supply would be needed, and in 1923 Rochdale and Oldham County Boroughs jointly acquired the reservoirs of the Rochdale Canal Company. Watergrove Reservoir, near Wardle was constructed in 1938.
In 1967 the Rochdale Corporation water undertaking was merged with those of Ashton-under-Lyne, Dukinfield, Heywood, Middleton, Oldham, Saddleworth and Stalybridge to form the West Pennine Water Board. The water board was in turn merged into the North West Water Authority by the Water Act 1973.
Electricity
In 1896 the borough council resolved to establish a municipal electricity supply to the town, and in particular to power the tramway system. A generating station was constructed near the gasworks, and power began to flow in October 1900. As electricity began to be adopted for industrial purposes it was necessary to construct larger generating facilities in 1919. An interconnection agreement was also established with the Lancashire Electric Power Company. By the 1930s the corporation electricity department also supplied the neighbouring urban districts of Littleborough, Milnrow, Norden, Wardle and Whitworth.
By 1930 domestic demand for electricity was well established, and the electricity department opened an appliance showroom: "Electric House", in Smith Street.
On 1 April 1948 the Electricity Act 1947 came into effect, and the undertaking was nationalised, becoming part of the North Western Electricity Board.
Rochdale Corporation Transport
In 1881 the Board of Trade made an order under the Tramways Act 1870, giving Rochdale Corporation powers to construct a street tramway. The line was opened on 7 May 1883 and was operated by the steam trams of the Manchester, Bury, Rochdale and Oldham Steam Tramways Company Limited. The company went into liquidation in 1887, but in the following year the service was restored under the auspices of the Bury, Rochdale and Oldham Steam Tramways Company Limited.
In 1900 the Corporation obtained powers to operate the trams itself, and the borough council purchased and electrified the tram network, with the first Rochdale Corporation tram running on 22 May 1902. The last steam tram route was replaced in 1905. In 1911 Rochdale made agreements with two neighbouring municipalities, the borough of Bacup and Milnrow Urban District, to operate the tram networks they had constructed. In addition the corporation tracks reached as far as Littleborough and Whitworth, and ran joint operations with other municipal operators. In 1925 the county borough purchased the Middleton Electric Tramways Company jointly with the Municipal Borough of Middleton and Chadderton Urban District Council. The purchase allowed through running of Rochdale trams into Manchester city centre.
The corporation began operating motorbus services in 1926, initially in addition to the tram network. 1930 saw the first replacement of trams with buses, and the last tram service ran on 12 November 1932. The borough's bus services expanded as new estates were built on the edge of the town.
On 1 November 1969 the corporation ceased to operate buses, with its transport department merged with those of a number of other municipalities to form the new SELNEC Passenger Transport Executive. Rochdale contributed 130 vehicles to the new undertaking's fleet of 2,526.
References
External links
A vision of Rochdale CB/MB, visionofbritain.org.uk.
Category:Local government in the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale
Category:Districts of England abolished by the Local Government Act 1972
County borough
Category:County boroughs of England
Category:1856 establishments in England | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Tool, Texas
Tool is a city in Henderson County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,240 at the 2010 census. Located on the west side of Cedar Creek Lake, it is a popular second home and retiree destination.
Geography
Tool is located in northwestern Henderson County at (32.280459, -96.172678), on the west side of Cedar Creek Lake. Texas State Highway 274 is the main road through the city, leading northwest to Seven Points and southeast to Trinidad. Athens, the Henderson county seat, is by road to the southeast of Tool.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which , or 0.36%, are water.
Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,275 people, 1,006 households, and 682 families residing in the city. The population density was 630.6 people per square mile (243.3/km²). There were 1,416 housing units at an average density of 392.5 per square mile (151.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.56% White, 0.40% African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.22% Pacific Islander, 1.19% from other races, and 2.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.33% of the population.
There were 1,006 households out of which 19.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.0% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.73.
In the city, the population was spread out with 19.3% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 22.7% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 24.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $32,679, and the median income for a family was $37,396. Males had a median income of $33,534 versus $24,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,507. About 10.8% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.6% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.
Education
Tool is served by the Malakoff Independent School District.
References
External links
City of Tool official website
Category:Cities in Henderson County, Texas
Category:Cities in Texas | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
54th Infantry Division (Russian Empire)
The 54th Infantry Division (, 54-ya Pekhotnaya Diviziya) was an infantry formation of the Russian Imperial Army.
Organization
1st Brigade
213th Infantry Regiment
214th Infantry Regiment
2nd Brigade
215th Infantry Regiment
216th Infantry Regiment
54th Artillery Brigade
References
Category:Infantry divisions of the Russian Empire | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Dele Giwa
Dele Giwa (16 March 1947 – 19 October 1986) was a Nigerian journalist, editor and founder of Newswatch magazine.
Early life and career
Sumonu Oladele "Baines" Giwa was born on 16 March 1947 to a poor family working in the palace of Oba Adesoji Aderemi, the Ooni of Ife.
He attended local Authority Modern School in Lagere, Ile-lfe.
When his father moved to Oduduwa College, Ile-Ife as a laundry man, he gained admission to that school.
Dele Giwa travelled to the USA for his higher education, earning a BA in English from Brooklyn College in 1977 and enrolled for a Graduate program at Fordham University. He worked for The New York Times as a news assistant for four years after which he relocated to Nigeria to work with Daily Times.
Dele Giwa and fellow journalists Ray Ekpu, Dan Agbese and Yakubu Mohammed founded Newswatch in 1984, and the first edition was distributed on 28 January 1985.
A 1989 description of the magazine said it "changed the format of print journalism in Nigeria [and] introduced bold, investigative formats to news reporting in Nigeria".
However, in the first few months of the administration of General Ibrahim Babangida, who took power in August 1985, the magazine was shamelessly flattering. It printed his face on the cover four times and even criticised "anyone who attempted to make life unpleasant for Babangida".
Later, the paper took a more hostile view of the Babangida regime.
Personal life
Giwa married an American nurse in 1974. His second marriage, to Florence Ita Giwa, lasted 10 months. He later married Olufunmilayo Olaniyan on 10 July 1984, and they were married until his death in 1986. He was survived by his mother, wives and children.
Assassination
Dele Giwa was killed by a mail bomb in his Lagos home on 19 October 1986. The assassination occurred two days after he had been interviewed by State Security Service (SSS) officials. In an off-the-record interview with airport journalists, Lt. Col. A.K. Togun, the Deputy Director of the SSS had claimed that on 9 October Dele Giwa and Alex Ibru had organised a media parley for media executives and the newly created SSS. Togun claimed that it was at this meeting that the SSS and the media executives reached a secret censorship agreement. Under this agreement, the media was to report any story with potential to embarrass the government to the SSS before they tried to publish same.
Giwa had been invited by the SSS to their headquarters for the first time on 19 September 1986 after writing an article in which he described the newly introduced Second-Tier Foreign Exchange Market (SFEM) as "God's experiment" and suggested that if SFEM failed, the people would will stone their leaders in the streets. Giwa was interviewed and his statement taken by two SSS operatives. He was later taken to meet with Lt Col Togun, the deputy director of the agency in his office. Togun is reported to have told Giwa that he found nothing offensive in the story as Giwa had also stated in the same story that he was hopeful that Babangida seemed determined to make SFEM work.
According to Giwa's neighbour and colleague, Ray Ekpu, on 16 October 1986, Giwa had been questioned over the telephone by Col Halilu Akilu of the Directorate of Military Intelligence (DMI) over an allegation that Dele had been heard speaking to some people about arms importation. SSS officials reportedly summoned Giwa to their headquarters again on 16 October 1986, and on the next day Ekpu accompanied him to the SSS headquarters for the interview. Lt. Col Togun accused Giwa and Newswatch of planning to write the "other side" of the story on Ebitu Ukiwe who was removed as Chief of the General staff, to General Babangida. The magazine had published a cover story titled, "Power Games: Ukiwe loses out", in its edition of 20 October which was on sale on 13 October 1986. Togun also accused Giwa plotting with the Nigeria Labour Congress, NLC, the Academic Staff Union of Universities, ASUU, and students to carry out a socialist revolution. Giwa was also accused of saying that Newswatch would employ the suspended police public relations officer Alozie Ogugbuaja. Ogugbuaja claims that on 16 October 1986, a bomb was defused by the police bomb squad at his official residence in GRA, Ikeja, Lagos. Ogugbuaja also said that he suspected that his phone might have been bugged because Giwa and Ray Ekpu in one of their telephone conversations with him had indeed promised to employ him in Newswatch if the police dismissed him. Ray Ekpu also believed that their houses and phones may have been bugged because he did discuss employing Ogugbuaja in Newswatch with dele Giwa over the phone only; he said that he found two bugging devices in the cover of two books inside his study. Lt. Col. Togun while questioning Giwa had claimed that he wasn't aware of the fact that Akilu had already questioned Giwa over the gun running allegations the day before, this was after Giwa had brought it to his attention.
Giwa reported the interrogations to his friend Prince Tony Momoh who was then the Minister of Communications, Giwa had told Momoh that he feared for his life because of the weight of the accusations levelled against him. According to Ekpu, Momoh "dismissed it as a joke and said the security men just wanted to rattle him"; Momoh promised to look into the matter. On 18 October Giwa also spoke to Admiral Augustus Aikhomu, the Chief of General Staff who said he was familiar with the matter and also promised to look into it.
Later on 18 October, a day before the bombing, a staff of the DMI had phoned Giwa's house and asked for his office phone number from his wife Funmi. This same person from the DMI later called back to say he couldn't reach Giwa at the office and then put Col Akilu on the line. Ekpu alleges that Akilu asked Giwa's wife for driving directions to the house and when she asked him why he needed the directions he explained that he wanted to stop by the house on his way to Kano and he wasn't very familiar with Ikeja, he also offered that the President's ADC had something for Giwa, probably an invitation. According to Ekpu this didn't come as a surprise because Giwa had received advance copies of some of the President's speeches in the past through Akilu.
On 19 October, Giwa phoned Akilu to ask why he had been calling his house the previous day, Akilu was alleged to have explained that he only wanted to tell Giwa that the matter had been resolved. Ekpu says Giwa replied Akilu that it wasn't over and that he had already informed his lawyer, Chief Gani Fawehinmi to follow up on the matter. Akilu then told Giwa that there was no need for that, that it wasn't a matter for lawyers and that he should consider the matter resolved.
About 40 minutes after the telephone conversation with Akilu, a package was delivered to Giwa's guard (the accounts of which vehicle was used to deliver the package vary). When Giwa received the package, he was with Kayode Soyinka (London Bureau Chief of Newswatch). The package exploded, mortally wounded Giwa and temporarily deafening Soyinka, who had excused himself to the rest room shortly before Giwa was supposed to have attempted opening the package. Giwa was rushed to the hospital where he eventually died from his wounds.
Investigation, Litigation and Controversy
On twenty October, the day after the bombing, the government convened a press conference presided over by Augustus Aikhomu. Before the press conference started, all press photographers, foreign journalists, and Nigerians that worked for foreign news media were ordered out. Those left behind were told that the briefing was "off the record" and Aikhomu would not be entertaining any questions.
Aikhomu then went on to ask Ismaila Gwarzo, the Director of the SSS and Haliru Akilu to render their accounts of what had transpired between Dele Giwa and their agencies in the recent past. Gwarzo confirmed that the SSS had invited Giwa for questioning over allegations of gun running. Akilu on his part confirmed that he had called Giwa's home on 18 October to ask for directions to the house so he could stop over to see Giwa while on his way to Kano through Ikeja airport. Akilu also said that he had wanted to visit Giwa at home to "prove a Hausa adage that if you visit someone in his house, you show him you are really a friend." Ekpu claimed that he remembered Gwarzo saying that the killing was "quite embarrassing" and also that Tony Momoh had described it as "a clear case of assassination"; later he was quoted saying, "a special probe would serve no useful purpose".
Graffiti of the time implied a belief that the SSS had been responsible.
In a newspaper interview years later in retirement, Chris Omeben who at the time was the Deputy Inspector General of Police (DIG) in charge of the Federal Investigation and Intelligence Bureau (FIIB) at Alagbon, on his part recalled that he was the second officer to have handled the case file after he had taken it over from his predecessor at the FIIB, Victor Pam. Omeben explained that he had done what any competent investigator would have done in unraveling the circumstances surrounding the death of Dele Giwa. He went on to say that he had examined the crime scene and found it suspicious that the toilet adjacent to the blast site which Kayode Soyinka alleged he was occupying when the explosion occurred had also suffered damage from the blast but Soyinka was left unscathed. Omeben described the force of the explosion to have been strong enough to blow out the steel bars over the toilet window (burglary protection), which in his own assessment made Soyinka's story less convincing. Omeben also claims he requested to interview Dan Agbese, Ray Ekpu and Kayode Soyinka. Of the three, only Agbese turned up, he was later to find out that Soyinka had fled the country. Omeben also recalled that in the course of his investigations he had cause to interrogate both Haliru Akilu and Tunde Togun. According to Omeben Akilu defended Giwa's invitation to the DMI by saying Giwa was invited to clarify statements he made to a New York daily which had been assessed as having potential to paint the country in a bad light in the international press. The only known interview Giwa gave to any New York daily was one published eight months earlier in a New York Times story about rising religious nationalism and extremism in Nigeria. On the issue of rising Islamic nationalism, Giwa gave this singular quote in the story, It's a dangerous, explosive trend,...in the worst case, I see a situation where die-hard Christians and die-hard Moslems are fighting in the streets. Omeben said he was satisfied with the reasons Akilu and Togun gave for inviting Giwa.
However, Soyinka has come out to reply Omeben and accused him of spreading deliberate falsehood with his comments on him on his involvement with the parcel bomb incident. In an interview he granted The Nation newspaper of Lagos of Saturday, 19 January 2013, Soyinka strongly denied that he ran to the toilet when the bomb exploded. He said he did not know where Omeben got that false information from. When questioned, Soyinka requested to not be required to relive the experience again.
Omeben also alleged that he was being pressured into naming Babangida and Akilu as suspects when he yet had no evidence linking them to the crime. Some of this pressure led to the formation of a special squad to investigate the case, the squad was headed by Assistant Commissioner of Police Abubakar Tsav. Omeben alleges that the then Inspector General of Police Gambo Jimeta has asked him to leave the case with the Tsav team out of anger at how messy the whole situation was getting.
Omeben also spoke about certain "fixations" in the minds of the general public about the case, in his own words "...There is the tendency for people to make up their minds as to what they want to see or hear. It may not necessarily be the truth and once they are so fixated, every other thing that somebody else would say would not mean anything to them. Dele Giwa's case suffered such a fixation".
In testimony that he gave on 3 July 2001 before the Justice Oputa led Human Rights Violations Investigations Commission (HRVIC), Tsav alleged that the government stonewalled his investigation into the assassination. Tsav claimed that he was not granted permission to question key actors involved, including Tunde Togun, Ismaila Gwarzo and Haliru Akilu. He also said that he had requested that the privileges of these officers be withdrawn so he could take their statements and conduct a search of their offices and residences for items of evidential value but this request was denied. Tsav averred that in his final report, he had concluded that there was enough circumstantial evidence to accuse the duo of Togun and Akilu of conspiracy to murder but still the government did not make these two officers available for interrogation or a voice identification as he had requested.
Tsav claims that he handed the case file back to Chris Omeben. Tsav alleged that none of his recommendations were implemented, the case file was never returned to him and that there was no evidence that the case was transferred to another officer or agency. Tsav said he believed Giwa was killed because he believed Giwa was in "the way of some powerful forces".
After the investigation stalled, various conspiracy theories arose to explain why Giwa was killed. One of the most popular and still the most enduring has been the Gloria Okon connection. Gloria Okon was a Lady who was arrested in 1985 at the Aminu Kano International airport on suspicion of drug smuggling. Soon after, the it was alleged that she had died in custody, the government subsequently constituted a commission of inquiry to investigate the matter.
Conspiracy theorists allege that Gloria Okon was a drug mule working for the wife of General Ibrahim Babangida who was then the Minister of Defence in the regime of General Muhammadu Buhari. The theorists allege that during interrogation Okon had claimed that she worked for highly placed Nigerians, in particular Babangida's wife. The theory goes on that Babangida spirited Okon out of detention to the United Kingdom, sold the public the ruse of a dead Gloria Okon and that Dele Giwa happened upon Okon on a trip to the UK where she told him her story. The story goes on that armed with this information, Giwa tried to blackmail the now Military President, Ibrahim Babangida and this was why he was killed. This blackmail theory might not be unconnected with the off-the-record interview that Lt Col A.K Togun gave to airport correspondents of the Guardian on 27 October 1986. In the interview, when asked about Dele Giwa's killing and the suspicion in the public that he was killed by the government, Togun was quoted as saying "...one person cannot come out to blackmail us. I am an expert in blackmail. I can blackmail very well. I studied propaganda so no one person can come and blackmail us after an agreement...". Togun's statement was in the context of the secret agreement reached by Giwa and other media executives at the 9 October meeting, he seemed to accuse Giwa of reneging on the agreement leading to Giwa being invited for questioning on 16 October. Theorists also allege that Babangida's drug running activities were brought to the attention of the Buhari-Idiagbon regime which led the regime to slate him for retirement on 1 October 1985. They also say that it was his impending retirement that inspired him to plan the coup that toppled Buhari in August 1985.
Giwa's colleagues at Newswatch have debunked this theory and deny any link between Giwa, Gloria Okon and Mrs. Babangida. In a Newswatch interview marking the twenty fifth anniversary of the magazine, one of the founding partners of the organisation Yakubu Mohammed explained the Giwa-Newswatch-Gloria Okon link.
Mohammed claims that Dele Giwa had not been writing any Gloria Okon story and that the closest Newswatch got to a Gloria Okon story was at one of the magazine's editorial conferences where a Newswatch reporter, Bose lasaki, who was a niece to President Olusegun Obasanjo spoke about a "rumour" making the rounds to the effect that Gloria Okon had not died in detention but had been spirited out of the country. Mohammed claimed that Lasaki's story was dismissed off-hand but that she was asked to find out more about the rumour. Lasaki was alleged to have returned for the next editorial conference the following week and declared that there was no substance to the rumour. Mohammed alleged that Giwa was not at any of these meetings. The Ibrahim Babangida drug running angle was also called into question by revelations made by the embittered former head of the National Security Organization (NSO), Alhaji Mohammed Lawal Rafindadi. In 1985, following a request by the Supreme Military Council, the NSO under Rafindadi investigated Babangida and found him complicit of forgery and activities inimical to national security. This issue arose as a result of Babangida and his in-law, Mr Sunny Okogwu's interest in an arms manufacturing venture in Kaduna called Black Gold. The SMC, based on the NSO's findings slated Babangida for retirement.
The only witness to the events shortly before the bomb exploded, Mr Kayode Soyinka had alleged that the package had a label with the seal of the Nigerian President and also claimed that the label indicated that it was from the office of the president. However, no other witness has corroborated this claim, Giwa's 17-year-old son, Billy, who had delivered the package to Giwa has never corroborated this claim. Soyinka's testimony about the events prior to and after the bombing have also been brought into question, there have been accusations made to the effect that he might have been the same person that detonated the bomb by remote control as he was not injured in the explosion.
Soyinka is also alleged to have given conflicting accounts of the events to the Police and media outlets, he is also accused of fleeing the country while investigations were ongoing. To the accusation of fleeing the country, Soyinka has this to say in that his interview with The Nation (Saturday, 19 January 2013): "Dele was very close to his mother. He did not joke with her at all. It was an honour for me to have met her. The last time I saw her was at Dele's burial in their village near Auchi, in Edo State. I was there live with my wife contrary to the erroneous story of Babangida's government's mischief makers who tried to deceive the Nigerian people in order to exonerate the government from the assassination of Dele Giwa, saying that I had fled the country. They deliberately spread all kinds of falsehood, ignoring even newspaper reports and pictures of myself and my wife in attendance at the burial. And mind you, how could I have fled the country? My wife and children were not in Nigeria with me when the bomb exploded, they had to take the next available flight to Nigeria to join me. Yet, Babangida's men said I fled the country. And my family and I remained in the country throughout the whole period of the controversy and burial arrangement. We returned to London together through the former British Caledonian Airways, through Muritala Mohammed Airport. There was no way we could have left quietly. We were accompanied to and seen off at the airport by friends, including the Newswatch editors, and family. The airline people recognised us. Our two children were still small then. The air hostesses took them from us, played with them, and they were asking me if I was feeling better – knowing the trauma one must have been through in the past weeks, and took us straight and right inside the aircraft, even before checking in other passengers. Yet the Babangida men kept saying, even till today, that I fled the country. Can you imagine?"
Giwa's lawyer was also accused of prematurely accusing the government of Dele Giwa's murder thereby truncating the investigation into the case, Newswatch magazine in an edition of 5 November 1986 disowned Fawehimni.
The subsequent court cases instituted by Fawehinmi against the government to enable him try the case as a private prosecutor after the Director of Public Prosecution, Mrs. Eniola Fadayomi had refused to prosecute based on the evidence available were mostly unsuccessful. An excerpt of the Judgement by the then Lagos State Chief Judge, Justice Candido Johnson reads thus "...Even if one considers the reasonableness of time, I would say that the incident that gave birth to the death of the late Dele Giwa is not only unique in its form but also complex and would require sufficient time to conduct detailed and balanced investigation, a report on which the appropriate authority would reasonably act. The timing here appears hasty and premature. It appears impulsive without giving reasonable time and chance for a detailed and balanced investigation into this sordid incident.
In the circumstances and having regard to the review made above, it is my ruling that this (ex-parte) application is misconceived and it is therefore dismissed. Leave to apply for mandamus is hereby refused."
Fawehinmi went on to the Supreme Court and got a favourable judgement which enabled him go back to the Lagos State High Court, this judgement also mandated the Justice Candido to recuse himself from the case and appoint another judge to hear the case. On 23 February 1988, Justice Longe ruled that the two security officers, Lt. Col Tunde Togun and Col. Haliru Akilu could not be tried for the murder of Dele Giwa. In his ruling Justice Longe averred among other things that,"...the Attorney general did not oppose the objection raised by counsel to the 'accused' persons, Chief Rotimi Williams, on the ground that the information was filed by private prosecutor (Chief Gani Fawehinmi) when the information had not been completed and especially when the 'INFORMATION IMPLICATED ONE OF THE PROSECUTION WITNESSES'(Kayode Soyinka)...the proof of evidence before the Court was mere HEARSAY…. Based on the evidence available before the court, it will be an abuse of the process of court to call the two security chiefs for trial. The information is therefore quashed accordingly." Kayode Soyinka was represented in court by Kayode Sofola SAN, representing the chambers of Kehinde Sofola SAN, that succeeded to getting the court to rule as frivolous the reference to Soyinka being "implicated". The court also ordered that cost be paid Soyinka by the 'accused' persons.
In 2001, General Ibrahim Babangida refused to testify before a national human rights commission about the Giwa murder. Babangida, Hakilu and Togun went to court and obtained an order restraining the commission from summoning them to appear before it. The Chairman of the commission commented that the commission had the power to issue arrest warrants for the trio but decided against this "in the over-all interest of national reconciliation".
In 2008, the Government of Nigeria named a street in the New Federal Capital Abuja after Dele Giwa, as they did with other activists such as Fela Anikulapo-Kuti and Ken Saro Wiwa
See also
List of unsolved murders
References
Notes
Ugochukwu Ejinkeonye. "Remembering Dele Giwa" Thisday Newspaper, AllAfrica.com, 19 October 2001
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Songs in Red and Gray
Songs in Red and Gray is the sixth studio album by Suzanne Vega and her last for A&M Records.
Music and lyrics
Vega returns to acoustic folk-pop, shedding the experiments she had done in the 1990s with her husband, record producer Mitchell Froom. New producer Rupert Hine shows some traces of his past work with '80s new wave bands by employing electronic beats, but mostly allows Vega's voice and guitar to dominate in a manner reminiscent of her debut album and its 1987 follow-up, Solitude Standing.
Most of the songs, like "Widow's Walk" and "(I'll Never Be) Your Maggie May", deal with the dissolution of Vega's marriage with Froom. Her "calm, hushed, clear singing" belies the album's "mood of heartbroken defiance". The lyrics are "the most personally revealing songs she has written" in her career.
Track listing
Personnel
Suzanne Vega – vocals, acoustic guitar
Gerry Leonard – electric and acoustic guitars, dulcimer, mandolin, zither
Rupert Hine – keyboards, bass guitar, percussion, drum programming
Mike Visceglia – bass guitar
Nik Pugh – drum programming, synth lead
Jay Bellerose – drums
Matt Johnson – drums
Doug Yowell – drums, percussion
Pamela Sue Man – backing vocals, harmony vocals
Elizabeth Taubman – harmony vocals
Charts
References
External links
Category:2001 albums
Category:Suzanne Vega albums
Category:Albums produced by Rupert Hine
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Sally Spode
Sally Spode is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, Emmerdale, played by Siân Reeves. She made her first on-screen appearance on 27 August 2009.
Creation
The character was first introduced to Emmerdale in August 2009, by series producer Gavin Blyth, played by Siân Reeves. The character was introduced as an 'old love interest' of established character Ashley Thomas (John Middleton), and as the story progressed it was transpired that Sally was in fact a devious, manipulative bunny boiler. In October 2009, Sally moved into the village with deadly intentions as it was soon revealed that Sally had planned to kill his wife Laurel (Charlotte Bellamy) and regain Ashley's love. The character departed the soap at the end of Reeves' six-month stint, where the character was sectioned under the mental health act after being arrested for her crimes.
Storylines
2009–10
Sally, a vicar's wife, first appears in August 2009. An ex-girlfriend of Rev. Ashley Thomas (John Middleton), he is surprised to see Sally married to Vincent Spode, a fellow vicar and Ashley's one-time rival. She reveals that she and Vincent have recently returned from doing conservation work in Mozambique. Sally does not like her husband's boasting and his rivalry with Ashley. At the cricket match, suggested by the Bishop, Vincent's team wins.
Sally later arrived in Emmerdale, revealing she had left her husband and moved in with Ashley and Laurel (Charlotte Bellamy). After a few days, however, Laurel contacted Vincent - hoping to get the couple back together. Vincent arrived and confronted his wife who claimed he abused her. Angry, Vincent lashed out at Ashley, proving that he can be violent. Sally refused to call the police, claiming, apart from her, all he had was the church. She said if she did, he will lose that. The same day, she decided to leave, believing she was causing trouble between Ashley and Laurel. They reassured her and convinced her to stay, saying they would protect her if Vincent came looking for her again. It later emerged Sally was lying about the violence as a way of getting closer to Ashley.
On 5 November, Sally watched as an ember from the bonfire set fire to Laurel's coat, only springing into action when she saw Marlon Dingle (Mark Charnock) approaching. Sally appeared the hero when she threw her coat onto the flames. Laurel was fine but her coat was ruined. A week later, after an argument with Laurel in the church, Sally pushed a heater up against a curtain then locked Laurel in. The heater set fire to the curtain and it soon spread. Laurel couldn't get out as the doors were locked. Ashley raised the alarm and rescued her, rushing her to hospital with smoke inhalation. When she was sleeping, after being discharged, Sally was considering smothering her with a cushion until Nicola King (Nicola Wheeler) knocked on the door. Laurel's suspicion of Sally grew in early December when she started piecing together details of the fire and did not remember locking the door or moving the heater so close to the curtain. She told Nicola what she suspected, the police and Ashley. Unfortunately, only Nicola believed her but Ashley blamed her state of mind on the trauma of surviving the fire. On Sally's advice, Ashley contacted a psychiatrist but Laurel threw Sally out. Later that night, Sally virtually admitted the truth so Laurel gave Ashley an ultimatum - either Sally left or she did. Laurel was relieved when she left but was furious when Ashley said Sally had only gone to Edna Birch's (Shirley Stelfox) house. This wasn't good enough so she packed her bags and left the village, with Gabby and Arthur. Gabby returned during the week for school.
Ashley clashed with Laurel's dad, Douglas Potts (Duncan Preston), over the incident. Sally stayed with Edna. Later, Sally made a pass at Ashley and jumped out in front of his car when he decided to leave the village. Having been knocked down, she was visited by Edna and told her that she and Ashley had been sleeping together. On 27 January 2010, Ashley and Edna realised that Sally had been lying and Ashley threatened to kill Sally if she didn't leave voluntarily. Later that day, Terry Woods (Billy Hartman) informed Ashley that Sally has left but he and Edna were shocked to find his house wrecked with "burn in hell" painted on the wall but Ashley fears that it may be too late to save his marriage.
After stalking Ashley and Laurel in the village for a few weeks, kidnapping Edna's dog, Tootsie, and Angelica King and denting Diane Sugden's (Elizabeth Estensen) car when Doug was driving it. Later, in the church, she overheard Ashley and Laurel discussing her going away for a night, so she tricked Ashley into believing her sob-story but drugged Ashley and got him into bed. Ashley tells Laurel what Sally had done and they reported Sally to the police. The next day, Viv Hope (Deena Payne) tells Laurel that she saw Sally outside the cash and carry, going into a flat. Laurel immediately went there and confronts Sally. Sally has put up pictures of Ashley on the wall. Sally insists that Ashley loves her, not Laurel. She also tells her that she is pregnant with Ashley's child and that she was the one who started the church fire in which Laurel was almost killed. A fight then ensues, resulting in Laurel holding Sally over the balcony, telling her she is going to push her off. As Ashley, Doug, and the police then arrive, Laurel then tells Sally that it would make her as bad as she was if she pushed her off, so drags Sally back over the balcony. Ashley and Doug are relieved that Laurel is alright, while Sally is arrested. It is later revealed by Ashley that Sally was sectioned and declared mentally ill.
Reception
Reeves was nominated for "Villain of the Year" at The British Soap Awards 2010 for her portrayal of Sally.
References
External links
Category:Emmerdale characters
Category:Television characters introduced in 2009
Category:Fictional criminals on soap operas
Category:Fictional rapists
Category:Fictional stalkers
Category:Fictional characters with psychiatric disorders
Category:Fictional prisoners and detainees
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Vyazhishchsky Monastery
The Nikolo-Vyazhishchskii Stavropegial Women's Monastery () also known as the Vyazhishche or Vyazhishschky Monastery is a convent located in the village of Vyazhishche, 7 miles (12 km) NNW of Veliky Novgorod.
The monastery was founded in by the monks Efrosiny, Ignaty, and Galaktion and the hieromonk Pimen at the end of the fourteenth century (a charter from 1391 mentions it), with Pimen becoming the first hegumen of the monastery. It was first mentioned in the chronicle under the year 1411. The monastery was patronized by Archbishop Evfimy II (r. 1429-1458), who was hegumen of the monastery before his election as archbishop of Novgorod in 1429, and was buried there (he is known as St. Evfimy of Vyazhishche). His sarcophagus is now in the Church of St. Evfimy of Vyazhishche, built in 1685. The monastery was one of the greatest landowners in the Novgorodian land, holding in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, some 2,000 hectares of land. Much of its lands were confiscated during secularization under Catherine II (r.1762-1796) at which time it was classified a 2nd Class Monastery.
Following confiscation by the Soviets, the monastery was closed in 1920. It became part of a collective farm and the buildings were used to store yams, as well as a threshing floor, a forge, and a metalshop. From the 1950s, there were efforts to restore the monastery and it was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church in 1989. On March 31, 1990, then Metropolitan of Leningrad and Novgorod Alexius (later the Patriarch of Moscow) reconsecrated the main church to St. Evfimy.
The convent has the status of a stauropegic monastery (as of a grant from the Holy Synod of 7 October 1995), that is, it is under the direct control of the Patriarch of Moscow rather than of the Archbishop of Novgorod. The current hegumenia is Antonia (Korneeva). There are at present some 15 nuns living at the monastery. Of four churches in the Monastery (St. Evfimy, St. Nicholas, St. John the Divine, and The Church of the Ascension), only one is now a working church, that of St. Evfimy. The rest are still being restored.
References
Category:Russian Orthodox monasteries in Russia
Category:Buildings and structures in Novgorod Oblast | {
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Martin Harrison
Martin Harrison can refer to
Martin Harrison (curator) (born 1945), curator of and writer about art and photography
Martin Harrison (poet) (1949–2014), Australian poet
Martin Harrison (American football) (born 1967), American football player
Dr. Martin Harrison (economist) who stood for election for the Greens in Skegness and Boston | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Andrew Gimson
Andrew Gimson (born 1958) is a British political journalist. Gimson formerly wrote the parliamentary sketch for The Daily Telegraph and has written a novel entitled The Desired Effect as well as books about Boris Johnson, British monarchs and British Prime Ministers.
In November 2011 he was succeeded as sketch writer on The Daily Telegraph by Michael Deacon. Gimson is a former pupil of Uppingham School where he attended West Bank house. He briefly worked in the Conservative Research Department in 1983 before starting his journalism career at The Spectator, commentating on public affairs.
He is married to Sally Gimson (formerly Sally Malcolm-Smith), who stood in the South Leicestershire constituency as an unsuccessful candidate for the Labour Party in the May 2010 General Election.
Books
The Desired Effect (1991)
Boris: The Rise of Boris Johnson (2006)
Gimson's Kings and Queens: Brief Lives of the Forty Monarchs since 1066 (2015)
Gimson's Prime Ministers: Brief Lives from Walpole to May (2018), illustrated by Martin Rowson
Gimson's Presidents: Brief Lives from Washington to Trump (2020), illustrated by Martin Rowson
References
External links
Journalisted - Articles by Andrew Gimson
Category:British male journalists
Category:Living people
Category:1958 births
Category:Conservative Party (UK) officials | {
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Mobmov
Mobile Movie (aka "MobMov") is a worldwide network of guerrilla drive-ins using car-powered video projectors and FM transmitters. The MobMov represents over 150 independent guerrilla drive-ins, from United States to France, India, and Australia.
Shows are free and are announced via mailing list and SMS. Patrons drive to the listed location, tune their radios, and watch a movie drive-in style. The coordinator uses a car or small generator to power the projector and FM transmitter.
The MobMov was started by Bryan Kennedy in May, 2005. Kennedy's San Francisco-area MobMov has been defunct since late 2009 but other variations on the concept exist in the San Francisco Bay Area, and throughout the United States.
See also
List of drive-in theaters
Drive-in theater Revival, for other guerrilla drive in operations
References
External links
Official MobMov website
BBC: "Drive-in theaters refuse to fade away"
Time Magazine: "Movies that star the stars"
San Francisco Chronicle: "Reviving drive-in culture"
MobMov-Hollywood chapter
Category:Cinemas and movie theaters
Category:Drive-in theatres | {
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Substituted alpha-alkyltryptamine
__NOTOC__
α-Alkyltryptamines are a group of substituted tryptamines which possess an alkyl group, such as a methyl or ethyl group, attached at the alpha carbon, and in most cases no substitution on the amine nitrogen. α-Alkylation of tryptamine makes it much more metabolically stable and resistant to degradation by monoamine oxidase, resulting in increased potency and greatly lengthened half-life. This is analogous to α-methylation of phenethylamine into amphetamine.
Many α-alkyltryptamines are drugs, acting as monoamine releasing agents, non-selective serotonin receptor agonists, and/or monoamine oxidase inhibitors, and produce psychostimulant, entactogen, and/or psychedelic effects. The most well-known of these agents are α-methyltryptamine (αMT) and α-ethyltryptamine (αET), both of which were used clinically as antidepressants for a brief period of time in the past and are abused as recreational drugs. In accordance with its action as a dual releasing agent of serotonin and dopamine, αET has been found to produce serotonergic neurotoxicity similarly to amphetamines like MDMA and PCA, and the same is also likely to hold true for other serotonin and dopamine-releasing α-alkyltryptamines such as αMT, 5-MeO-αMT, and various others.
List of substituted α-alkyltryptamines
Related compounds
A number of related compounds are known, with a similar structure but having the indole core flipped and/or replaced with related cores such as indoline, indazole or benzofuran. These similarly are primarily active as agonists at the 5-HT2 family of serotonin receptors, with applications in the treatment of glaucoma, cluster headaches or as anorectics.
See also
5-IT
Substituted amphetamine
Substituted benzofuran
Substituted cathinone
Substituted methylenedioxyphenethylamine
References
Further reading
Category:Tryptamines | {
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Ouled Riyah
Ouled Riyah is a town and commune in Tlemcen Province in north-western Algeria.
References
Category:Populated places in Tlemcen Province
Category:Communes of Algeria | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Back walkover
A back walkover is an acrobatic maneuver in which a person transitions from a standing position to a back bridge and then back to a standing position again, undergoing a complete revolution of the body in the process. Back walkovers are commonly performed in a variety of athletic activities, including acro dance, cheerleading, and rhythmic gymnastics. In artistic gymnastics, back walkovers are performed in floor exercises and on the balance beam.
Technique
The back walkover performer begins in a standing position. The back is increasingly arched and abdominal muscles are stretched until the hands touch the floor and all hands and feet are flat on the floor, thus forming a gymnastic back bridge. While in the bridge position, one leg (the leading leg) is rapidly raised from the floor so as to impart momentum to the lower body. This momentum lifts the trailing leg from the floor so that only the hands are left touching the floor. Both hands remain on the floor while the body revolves backward through a handstand position, until the foot of the leading leg, followed by the foot of the trailing leg, reach the floor. When both feet are on the floor, the performer returns to an erect standing position.
Variations
In a one-handed walkover, only one hand is placed on the floor.
A valdez is a back walkover that begins in a sitting position.
A backwards kickover or bridge kickover is a back walkover with a pause in the bridge position.
See also
Front walkover
References
Category:Gymnastics manoeuvres
Category:Acro dance moves | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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List of Fair City characters
This is a list of characters from the RTÉ One soap opera Fair City. First are current characters in order of first appearance. If more than one actor has portrayed a character then the current actor portraying is listed.
This is followed by earlier characters divided into those who were last seen alive and those who are known to be dead. Finally there is a list of cameo appearances by various well-known personality.
Present characters
Past characters
The following characters departed Carrigstown.
Deceased characters
Celebrity cameos
The following famous faces have appeared in Fair City. Reg E. Cathey has expressed a wish to appear in Fair City, as has Verity Rushworth.
References
External links
Character profiles at RTÉ.ie
*
Fair City
Fair City characters
Fair City | {
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Owned-and-operated television stations in the United States
In the United States, owned-and-operated television stations (frequently abbreviated as O&Os) constitute only a portion of their parent television networks' station bodies, due to ownership limits imposed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Currently, the total number of television stations owned by any company (including a television network) can only reach a maximum of 39% of the country; in the past, the ownership limit was much lower, and was determined by a specific number of television stations rather than basing the limits on total market coverage.
Distribution
At the dawn of the American television industry, each company was only allowed to own a total of five television stations around the country. As such, when the networks launched their television operations, they found it more advantageous to put their five owned-and-operated stations in large media markets that had more households (and therefore, denser populations) on the belief that it would result in higher revenue. In other markets, they opted to run their programming on stations through contractual arrangements, making them affiliates instead.
The five-station limit posed a problem for the DuMont Television Network, the first attempt at a "fourth" television network. Paramount Pictures, which had owned KTLA (channel 5) in Los Angeles and WBKB (channel 4, now WBBM-TV on channel 2) in Chicago, owned a share of the network. However, the FCC declared that Paramount controlled DuMont and thus forbade the network and the studio from acquiring any more stations. This was one of the factors that led to DuMont shutting down in August 1956.
For much of the era from 1958 to 1986, the major network-owned stations were distributed as follows: ABC, CBS and NBC each owned stations in the top three markets (New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago). Between 1958 and 1965, fourth-ranked Philadelphia housed CBS-owned WCAU-TV (channel 10) and NBC-owned WRCV-TV (channel 3, now KYW-TV), a station which NBC had acquired two years earlier through a trade with Westinghouse Broadcasting in return for NBC's television and radio stations in Cleveland. The FCC reversed the trade in 1965 and NBC regained control of the Cleveland television station, which is today known as WKYC. Each network owned stations in other markets where the other networks did not: in addition to Cleveland, these were ABC's KGO-TV (channel 7) in San Francisco and WXYZ-TV (channel 7) in Detroit, NBC's WRC-TV (channel 4) in Washington, D.C., and CBS' KMOX-TV (channel 4, now KMOV) in St. Louis.
As a result of a revision to the FCC's media ownership rules in 1999, a company can now own any number of television stations with a combined market reach of less than 39% of the country, but cannot own two of the four highest-rated stations in any market. Still, O&Os in the United States are primarily found in large markets such as New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago, among others. Despite that, network-owned stations can still be found in smaller markets (for example, KFSN-TV (channel 30) in Fresno, California is an ABC O&O; WOGX (channel 51) in Ocala, Florida, is technically a Fox O&O, but is operated out of the studios of and serves as a semi-satellite of the network's Orlando O&O WOFL).
UHF vs. VHF
Early development
Local television stations in the United States were concentrated on the VHF dial (channels 2–13) in the early days of the industry. However, it soon became apparent that the twelve channels available on the VHF dial would not be sufficient to meet the demands of the growing industry. As a result, in 1952, the FCC opened up a new spectrum of frequencies on the UHF dial (channels 14–83) for terrestrial television. As an incentive for companies to operate UHF stations, the FCC relaxed the ownership limit for a given entity from five to seven stations, provided that no more than five were on the VHF dial.
With this opportunity to expand its roster of O&Os, NBC bought WBUF-TV (channel 17) in Buffalo in 1955 and WKNB-TV (channel 30) in New Britain, Connecticut (near Hartford) in 1957, and changed WKNB's call letters to WNBC-TV (the present-day WNBC in New York City used the WRCA-TV callsign from 1954 to 1960). The network wanted to see if a UHF station could effectively compete against VHF stations, and attempted to make the stations more competitive by investing in significant equipment upgrades. However, WBUF consistently ranked behind its VHF competitors, WGR-TV (channel 2, now WGRZ) and WBEN-TV (channel 4, now WIVB-TV). Similarly, WNBC consistently rated behind VHF competitor WNHC-TV (channel 8, now WTNH); WNBC faced an additional problem as its signal was not strong enough to cover New Haven and western Connecticut (nearly all of Connecticut is part of the Hartford-New Haven market).
By the time the FCC allocated additional VHF stations to Buffalo (WKBW-TV, channel 7) and Hartford (WTIC-TV channel 3, now WFSB), NBC decided that its experiment was a lost cause, and put WBUF and WNBC up for sale. While it found a buyer for WNBC (which retained its NBC affiliation), there were no takers for WBUF, and it went off the air in 1958. NBC then affiliated with WGR-TV, where it remains to this day. NBC donated WBUF's license and some of its equipment to PBS member station WNED-TV, which took over the channel 17 frequency in 1959 (due to a number of transactions, the WBUF-TV license is now held by WNLO and the channel 17 frequency is now held by WBXZ-LP; WNED still holds the virtual channel 17 in the Buffalo market, but has not advertised it since the early 2000s).
Similarly, CBS bought UHF stations WGTH-TV (channel 18) in Hartford and WOKY-TV (channel 19, later on channel 18) in Milwaukee in 1955, and changed their call letters to WHCT-TV and WXIX-TV, respectively. However, CBS' ratings were astonishingly low in those markets. In 1959, CBS decided to move its Hartford and Milwaukee affiliations to VHF stations WTIC-TV and WITI-TV (channel 6) respectively, and sold off what became WHCT (now Univision affiliate WUVN) and WXIX (now CW affiliate WVTV) – ironically, CBS was sent back to the UHF dial in Milwaukee following an affiliation switch in December 1994, which saw WITI becoming a Fox station, while its former CBS affiliation moved to WDJT-TV (channel 58).
1980s and beyond
The underperformance of early UHF O&Os (and UHF stations in general) was primarily attributed to the fact that manufacturers were not required to equip new television sets with UHF tuners until 1964, following the 1961 passage of the All-Channel Receiver Act. While the technical problems which plagued early UHF stations had largely disappeared by the 1980s with the spread of UHF tuners and (in particular) cable television, UHF stations in many television markets continued to be compared unfavorably against their VHF counterparts, often simply by virtue of viewer loyalty. As such, the "Big Three" networks (ABC, NBC, and CBS) were still not inclined to acquire UHF stations as network-owned outlets; however, ABC did keep Fresno's KFSN (which was a CBS affiliate at the time the deal was reached) after the network merged with Capital Cities Communications in 1986, as KFSN was the highest-rated station in a market where all of the full-power television stations were on the UHF band, along with the fact it saw the advantage of having a statewide network to share California news coverage and events with, using the resources of KFSN, KGO-TV, and KABC-TV.
By the time the Fox network launched in October 1986, many of the nation's VHF stations were already affiliated with one of the "Big Three" networks. As a result, Fox had little choice but to affiliate with UHF stations in most markets upon its launch (the few VHF outlets that the network initially affiliated with, a few of which were owned by Fox itself, were in a handful of large and mid-sized markets; however, Fox was forced to align with a UHF outlet in a few markets where it initially approached a VHF independent station for an affiliation offer and was turned down). The network even had UHF O&Os in markets like Chicago (WFLD, channel 32), Houston (KRIV, channel 26), and Dallas (KDAF, channel 33). However, by the time that the National Football League awarded Fox the rights to broadcast games from the National Football Conference in 1993, it became convinced that the network would not be viable without more VHF affiliates. As such, in May 1994, the network arranged a deal with New World Communications, which saw nearly all of that group's stations (most of which were VHF outlets) becoming Fox affiliates. Fox then acquired New World Communications outright in July 1996, and those VHF stations (including one in Dallas) became Fox owned-and-operated stations in the process. The network, however, did acquire more UHF O&Os in subsequent years, including Philadelphia's WTXF-TV (channel 29) in 1995, Orlando's WOFL (channel 35) in 2002, and Charlotte's WJZY (channel 46) in 2013.
As a result of the New World deal, CBS lost its longtime Detroit affiliate WJBK (channel 2) to Fox. CBS then unsuccessfully sought to affiliate with other stations in the market before it eventually purchased low-rated ethnic independent WGPR-TV (channel 62) and changed the station's callsign to WWJ-TV (a callsign once used by one of the stations that CBS approached for an affiliation, WDIV-TV) in 1995. The station continues to receive low ratings, and after a brief attempt at running an 11:00 p.m. newscast from 2001 to 2002 that was produced by sister station WKBD-TV (which voluntarily shut down its news department shortly afterward to enter into a short-lived news share agreement with WXYZ-TV), was the only CBS owned-and-operated station without a local news presence until 2009, when a morning newscast produced by the Detroit Free Press premiered (that program, First Forecast Mornings, was canceled in 2012). CBS also bought KEYE-TV (channel 42) in Austin, Texas from the Granite Broadcasting Corporation in 2000, five years after that station took the CBS affiliation from KTBC, another former New World station that switched to Fox.
NBC would not buy a UHF O&O again until 1995, when it acquired WNCN (channel 17) in Goldsboro, North Carolina (part of the Raleigh–Durham market). It subsequently purchased KNSD (channel 39) in San Diego in 1996, and it repurchased channel 30 in Hartford, now WVIT, in 1997.
Currently, most American networks have at least one owned-and-operated station on a UHF frequency (which now usually corresponds to the station's physical digital channel, particularly in cases where a station previously operated on a VHF channel, which now corresponds to its virtual channel, prior to the 2009 digital television transition). Newer networks, such as Univision and Ion Television, even have mostly UHF O&Os.
Ownership and network changes
Mergers, acquisitions, and other business deals between television networks and other companies sometimes require a network to sell off an O&O, in order to stay under the ownership cap. In addition, networks may choose to sell off O&Os in smaller markets in order to concentrate on their stations in larger markets, or to give themselves leeway to purchase stations in other growing markets. The following are examples of transactions involving owned-and-operated stations in the United States:
DuMont Television Network
The DuMont network found itself in financial trouble in 1954, and decided to sell off its Pittsburgh owned-and-operated station, WDTV (channel 2), which was the only commercial VHF station in what was then a top ten television market in the United States. Westinghouse Electric Corporation bought the station for $6.75 million, and changed its call letters to KDKA-TV (that station now operates as a CBS O&O, as a result of the network's 1995 merger with Westinghouse).
However, even with income generated from the sale, DuMont was never able to recover from its problems, and the network shut down in August 1956. Its two other owned-and-operated stations, WABD (channel 5, now WNYW) in New York City and WTTG (channel 5) in Washington, D.C., became independent stations and remained so until October 1986, when they became Fox O&Os at the network's inception.
CBS
In 1986, CBS sold its longtime owned-and-operated station in St. Louis, KMOX-TV, to Viacom (then a separate entity from CBS, which merged with the network in 2000 before splitting into separate companies six years later; the two would remerge to become ViacomCBS on December 4, 2019). Viacom changed the station's callsign to KMOV, then sold it to Belo in 1997, in a three-way swap that also saw Viacom acquiring KSTW (channel 11) in Seattle–Tacoma from Cox Enterprises, and that company in return getting KIRO-TV (channel 7) from Belo. Belo merged with the Gannett Company in 2013; as a condition of the deal, KMOV was acquired by the Meredith Corporation in 2014. CBS purchased KOVR (channel 13) in Stockton, California from the Sinclair Broadcast Group in May 2005.
On February 7, 2007, CBS announced the sale of its owned-and-operated stations in Salt Lake City (KUTV and its satellite in St. George, Utah, KUSG) and Austin (KEYE-TV) to Four Points Media Group, a holding company owned by Cerberus Capital Management as part of a group deal which also included two CW owned-and-operated stations (WTVX in West Palm Beach and WLWC in Providence), one low-power MyNetworkTV affiliate and one low-power Azteca América affiliate (both located in West Palm Beach). Six days later, CBS announced that it was swapping its O&O in Green Bay, WFRV-TV (channel 5), and its satellite in Escanaba, Michigan, WJMN-TV (channel 3), to Liberty Media in exchange for common CBS stock held by Liberty Media; the sale of WFRV/WJMN closed on April 18, 2007. The Four Points transaction was approved by the FCC on November 21, 2007, and was finalized on January 10, 2008. In 2012, the Four Points stations were acquired by the Sinclair Broadcast Group; WFRV/WJMN was sold to the Nexstar Broadcasting Group in 2011.
NBC
For much of the modern television era, NBC did not have an owned-and-operated station in Philadelphia. In 1955, NBC forced Westinghouse to trade its NBC-affiliated Philadelphia cluster of KYW-AM (1060) and WPTZ-TV (channel 3) to NBC in exchange for WTAM-AM-FM and WNBK-TV in Cleveland. Westinghouse only agreed to the trade after NBC threatened not only to yank its programming from WPTZ, but also Westinghouse-owned WBZ-TV (channel 4) in Boston. NBC changed the callsigns of the Philadelphia stations to WRCV-AM-TV, while Westinghouse changed the Cleveland stations' callsigns to KYW-AM-FM-TV. NBC's then-ownership of Philadelphia's channel 3 was cited by CBS when it purchased its then-affiliate WCAU-TV in 1958, despite FCC rules at the time barring companies from owning stations with overlapping signals, as WRCA/WRCV did.
In 1965, NBC was forced to reverse the trade on orders from the Federal Communications Commission and the United States Department of Justice. WRCV-TV's callsign was then changed to KYW-TV to match its radio cousin. When NBC regained control of the Cleveland stations, it changed their callsigns to WKYC-AM-FM-TV, because of the AM station's popularity as "KY11". It sold the radio stations in 1972, but kept WKYC-TV until 1990, when majority control of the station was sold to Multimedia, Inc. (which later merged with the Gannett Company in 1995); NBC remained minority owner of WKYC-TV until 1999 when it sold its remaining interest to Gannett. NBC continued to pursue efforts to acquire an owned-and-operated station in Philadelphia, especially when KYW became its weakest major-market affiliate for much of the 1980s. However, NBC was unsuccessful until 1995, when it won a bidding war for longtime CBS O&O WCAU-TV.
In 1997, LIN TV Corporation sold a 76% stake in Dallas-Fort Worth's KXAS-TV (channel 5) to NBC in exchange for 24% of San Diego's KNSD; therefore, NBC owned 76% of both stations. Although this was not defined as a traditional O&O arrangement, NBC's controlling interest in the stations allowed them to be considered NBC owned-and-operated stations. In February 2013, LIN pulled out of the joint venture, giving NBC 100% ownership of the two stations.
In December 2001, NBC acquired an O&O in the San Francisco Bay Area, when it purchased San Jose-based KNTV (channel 11) from the Granite Broadcasting Corporation; the sale to NBC was finalized in April 2002. Prior to the purchase, KNTV had been affiliated with ABC for most of its history, while NBC was affiliated with KRON-TV (channel 4); by 2000, ABC wished for its own longtime San Francisco O&O station, KGO-TV, to exclusively serve the San Jose portion of the market and terminated its 40-year affiliation with KNTV; while KRON, which had recently been sold to Young Broadcasting, opted to end its NBC affiliation after 52 years in the wake of a dispute with NBC (which lost a bidding war for the station to Young as KRON's longtime owners, the Chronicle Publishing Company, sold off its media properties) over the terms of the renewing the station's affiliation contract. Granite, which had been operating KNTV as a WB affiliate since it ended its affiliation with ABC, offered to pay NBC a then unheard-of annual payment of $37 million for the station to become an NBC affiliate, an offer which NBC accepted before later finalizing the outright acquisition (back in 1960, ABC allowed KNTV to be its affiliate because it agreed to not serve San Jose directly, but focus more on the Monterey Bay area, which was too far south to receive KGO's over-the-air signal clearly; KNTV also agreed to transmit at a lower power so as not to unreasonably overlap with KGO's signal; upon the July 2000 termination of the affiliation agreement, ABC added KGO to cable systems in the Salinas-Monterey area to compensate for the loss of ABC programming on KNTV, a situation that continued until the summer of 2011, when the area's NBC affiliate, Hearst Television-owned KSBW-TV (channel 8), relaunched its second digital subchannel to serve as a separate ABC affiliate for the area).
On March 19, 2008, NBC announced its intention to sell two additional O&Os: WTVJ in Miami and WVIT in New Britain-Hartford, Connecticut. On July 18 of that year, it was announced that WTVJ would be sold to Post-Newsweek Stations (now the Graham Media Group), then owner of Miami's ABC affiliate WPLG (channel 10). Had the FCC approved this deal, it would have resulted in the Miami market being home to the largest duopoly in the United States between two "Big Three" or "Big Four" network affiliates. WVIT was later withdrawn from the selling block, as all of the offers made for that station were much lower than NBC's asking price. The sale of WTVJ also fell through due to the delay in FCC approval for the deal, the election of Barack Obama as president effectively de facto signaling a rejection of the deal from a Democratic-led FCC board of commissioners was coming, and public opposition over the proposed sale of WTVJ to the owner of another major network station.
In 2016, NBC announced that it would launch a new O&O in Boston (WBTS-LD) on January 1, 2017, replacing WHDH-TV as the network's Boston affiliate.
ABC
Detroit's WXYZ-TV had been an ABC owned-and-operated station from its sign-on in 1948, as WXYZ radio (1270 AM, now WXYT) had been an affiliate of ABC radio's predecessor, the NBC Blue Network. However, when Capital Cities Communications acquired ABC in 1985, the combined assets of the new company exceeded the FCC's ownership limit at the time. As such, the network opted to sell WXYZ to the E. W. Scripps Company, having remained with ABC ever since then as an affiliate of the network.
During the series of network affiliation switches that was spurred by Fox's 1994 deal with New World Communications, ABC bought two stations in markets adjacent to Detroit: WTVG (channel 13) in Toledo, Ohio and WJRT (channel 12) in Flint, Michigan – specifically in order to keep some fringe suburban coverage of its programming in the Detroit market, in the event that Scripps would attempt to affiliate WXYZ-TV with another network, resulting in a possible move of ABC to a lower-tier station in the market. Though WXYZ stayed with ABC after Scripps agreed to keep that station affiliated with the network in exchange for affiliation deals with stations that the company owned in other cities, ABC decided to retain ownership of WTVG and WJRT.
Capital Cities also owned two CBS affiliates – Fresno's KFSN and Raleigh-Durham's WTVD (channel 11) – and chose to switch them both to ABC. CBS programming moved to former ABC affiliates in the two markets, WRAL-TV (channel 5) in Raleigh-Durham and KGPE (channel 47) in Fresno; WRAL was one of CBS's strongest affiliates until it switched to NBC in 2016, instead becoming one of NBC's strongest affiliates.
On November 3, 2010, ABC reached an agreement to sell WJRT and WTVG back to former owner SJL Broadcasting, amidst speculation that The Walt Disney Company might spin off ABC; both stations retained their ABC affiliations (SJL then flipped the stations to Gray Television, at a significant profit, in July 2014). When the sale was completed, KFSN in Fresno (at the time ranked as the 55th largest media market) would then become the smallest English-language owned-and-operated major network station by market size (not counting satellites and semi-satellites). The sale was completed on April 1, 2011. The Disney spin-off of ABC has never occurred, mainly due to insider trading allegations that scuttled the deal.
Fox
In 1987, Fox purchased its Boston affiliate, WFXT (channel 25). The network's then-parent company News Corporation (whose entertainment properties largely became part of the restructured 21st Century Fox through its July 2013 spin-off of its publishing division) also owned The Boston Herald, requiring Fox to obtain a temporary cross-ownership waiver for the station. When the waiver to retain ownership of both the newspaper and television station expired, WFXT was sold to the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Celtics could not survive as a broadcaster, and Fox purchased WFXT a second time in 1995 after the Herald was sold.
As a result of the aforementioned Fox/New World partnership, Fox had to sell off its original O&Os in Dallas (KDAF) and Atlanta (WATL, channel 36), respectively selling them to Renaissance Broadcasting and Qwest Broadcasting. KDFW (channel 4) and WAGA-TV (channel 5) became Fox owned-and-operated stations in the respective markets after Fox Television Stations merged with New World Communications (KDAF is now a CW affiliate owned by Tribune Broadcasting, which ironically acquired both Qwest and Renaissance during the late 1990s, and held a partial ownership stake in Qwest; WATL, also a former WB affiliate, is now a MyNetworkTV affiliate owned by Tegna).
On June 13, 2007, Fox announced its intention to sell nine of its owned-and-operated stations: WJW (channel 8) in Cleveland, Ohio; KDVR (channel 31) in Denver, Colorado; KTVI (channel 2) in St. Louis, Missouri; WDAF-TV (channel 4) in Kansas City, Missouri; WITI in Milwaukee, Wisconsin; KSTU (channel 13) in Salt Lake City, Utah; WHBQ-TV (channel 13) in Memphis, Tennessee; WBRC (channel 6) in Birmingham, Alabama and WGHP (channel 8) in Greensboro, North Carolina. On December 21 of that year, it was announced that eight of the stations – WHBQ being the only one not included – would be sold to Local TV, a broadcast holding company controlled by the private equity firm Oak Hill Capital Partners; the sale closed on July 14, 2008.
Of the eight former Fox O&Os involved in the sale to Local TV, WBRC ended up being traded to Raycom Media on March 31, 2009, in exchange for Richmond, Virginia CBS affiliate WTVR-TV (channel 6); WBRC was subsequently acquired by Gray Television as part of its merger with Raycom, which was completed on January 2, 2019. WHBQ was later withdrawn from the selling block after Fox failed to find a suitable buyer for the station, as both Local TV and Raycom both already owned stations in that market (WREG (channel 3) and WMC-TV (channel 5), respectively) which would easily put them over the FCC's market ownership caps, and the only other buyer that might have been interested – Newport Television – already owned two stations in Memphis at the time: WPTY-TV (channel 24, now WATN-TV) and WLMT (channel 30). The remaining seven former Fox O&Os were acquired by Tribune Broadcasting as part of its purchase of Local TV, an acquisition that closed on December 27, 2013. Sinclair Broadcast Group would announce its acquisition of Tribune in 2017, which would have seen Fox reacquire WJW, KSTU, and KDVR and acquire WSFL-TV (channel 39) in Miami, KSWB-TV (channel 69) in San Diego, KTXL (channel 40) in Sacramento, and KCPQ-TV (channel 13) in Seattle, which all would have become owned-and-operated stations of the network; however, Tribune terminated the deal in August 2018.
On June 24, 2014, Fox announced that it would trade WFXT and WHBQ to the Cox Media Group, in exchange for the San Francisco duopoly of Fox affiliate KTVU (channel 2) and independent station KICU-TV (channel 36), which Fox had sought to acquire for several years (in this instance, it was part of an attempt by the network to acquire O&Os in additional markets where a franchise in the National Football Conference, from which most of Fox's NFL game telecasts come, is based). The trade was completed on October 8, 2014.
In December 2018, Nexstar Media Group announced its acquisition of Tribune. As was the case with Sinclair's failed acquisition of the company, Fox sought to buy certain Fox-affiliated stations owned by Tribune, with KDVR, KCPQ, and WJW emerging as potential candidates. However, in March 2019, Nexstar announced that KSTU and WSFL-TV would be acquired by the E.W. Scripps Company; Nexstar intended to retain KSWB, KTXL, WJW, KCPQ, and KDVR after the transaction is completed. Two months after the close of the Nexstar deal, Fox Television Stations and Nexstar announced a swap, where Fox will acquire KCPQ and KZJO in Seattle, along with a re-acquisition of WITI in Milwaukee, with Nexstar acquiring Fox's Charlotte, North Carolina duopoly of WJZY and WMYT-TV.
The WB
From January 1995 to September 2006, Time Warner and Tribune Broadcasting jointly owned The WB Television Network. Tribune initially held a 12.5% ownership interest in the network at its launch, a stake that it later increased to 22%. As a result of its partnership, in November 1993 (fourteen months before the network debuted), Tribune agreed to a deal to affiliate most of its independent stations with The WB. Despite Tribune's minority stake, the company's stations were not considered to be WB owned-and-operated-stations due to Time Warner's controlling interest in the network. This resulted in The WB having the unusual distinction of being the only broadcast network that did not have O&Os in New York City, Los Angeles and Chicago throughout its existence (the three Tribune-owned WB affiliates in those cities – WPIX, KTLA and WGN-TV, respectively – were affiliates of the network as a result).
However, Tribune was the only one of the two companies involved in The WB that owned any stations aligned with the network as Time Warner did not own any television stations at the network's launch and would not own one until its 1996 merger with the Turner Broadcasting System, owners of Atlanta superstation WTBS (channel 17, now WPCH-TV; its national feed, TBS, is now a separate basic cable channel). On January 24, 2006, Time Warner and CBS Corporation announced that they would merge The WB with the CBS-owned United Paramount Network to form a new broadcast network called The CW. All except three of Tribune's 19 WB stations joined The CW when it launched on September 18, 2006, through ten-year affiliation agreements (although two – KSWB-TV (channel 69, now a Fox affiliate) in San Diego and WTTV (channel 4, now a CBS affiliate) in Indianapolis – have since disaffiliated from the network under Tribune ownership, while another – WLVI (channel 56) in Boston, which remains with The CW – was sold by Tribune to Sunbeam Television in September 2006). Tribune, however, does not have an ownership interest in The CW, having opted to forego a stake in the network in order to avoid having to finance shutdown costs for The WB.
ACME Communications, which operated WB-affiliated stations in small and mid-sized markets, was owned by Jamie Kellner, the network's president from its 1995 launch until 2001. However, neither Time Warner or Tribune considered the ACME stations on the same level as the Tribune stations, nor did Time Warner have any interest in the stations outside of traditional affiliation agreements, or vice versa did ACME have any interest in Time Warner. The ACME stations were among the first awarded de facto affiliations for The CW when the network began to open up affiliation negotiations in March 2006.
UPN
UPN stations that were formerly owned by Chris-Craft Industries and those that were owned by CBS Corporation at the end of the network's run were sometimes considered owned-and-operated stations of the network, and several transactions have involved these stations. Not too long after becoming a UPN owned-and-operated station itself, San Antonio station KRRT (channel 35, now KMYS) was sold to Jet Broadcasting in 1995, eventually becoming an affiliate of The WB (the station is now a CW affiliate that is operated by former owner Sinclair Broadcast Group, and owned by Sinclair partner company Deerfield Media).
On August 12, 2000, Chris-Craft sold its UPN stations to the Fox Television Stations subsidiary of News Corporation for $5.5 billion – these stations had been stripped of their status as UPN owned-and-operated stations earlier that year due to Viacom's buyout of Chris-Craft's stake in the network, but remained with UPN as affiliates. Of those stations, San Francisco's KBHK (channel 44, now KBCW) was traded to the Paramount Stations Group, while Portland's KPTV (channel 12) was traded to the Meredith Corporation. Both KPTV and former Minneapolis-St. Paul sister station KMSP-TV (channel 9) traded their UPN affiliations with Fox affiliates in those markets that they respectively became co-owned with, WFTC (channel 29) and KPDX (channel 49). Fox had acquired WFTC from Clear Channel Communications not long after the Chris-Craft purchase was finalized, while Meredith already owned KPDX at the time it purchased KPTV. The other UPN stations that remained under Fox ownership retained their affiliations with that network, but were no longer O&Os – giving UPN the distinction of being one of only two broadcast networks whose stations in the three largest markets of New York, Los Angeles and Chicago were not owned-and-operated stations (along with The WB); WWOR-TV (channel 9) in Secaucus, New Jersey (part of the New York City market) and KCOP-TV (channel 13) in Los Angeles were de facto O&Os prior to Viacom's buyout of Chris-Craft's stake in UPN, while WPWR-TV (channel 50) in Chicago was an affiliate of UPN throughout the network's run (and would not be co-owned with the two other larger-market stations until after Fox purchased it from Newsweb Corporation in 2002).
In September 2006, these stations became O&Os of MyNetworkTV, which was created in response to The CW's decision to affiliate stations owned by Tribune Broadcasting and network part-owner CBS Corporation's CBS Television Stations subsidiary with the network instead of Fox's UPN-affiliated stations. In fact, two of the former Chris-Craft stations have the distinction of being owned-and-operated stations of two networks: WWOR-TV (the second in the New York City market after sister station WNYW, which has been an O&O of DuMont and Fox), and KCOP-TV (the first and only station in the Los Angeles market), both having been O&Os of UPN and MyNetworkTV.
Viacom/CBS sold off several UPN owned-and-operated stations during the network's final five years. Mercury Broadcasting bought Wichita, Kansas' KSCC (channel 36, now KMTW) in 2001 (the station is now owned by Deerfield Media under a local marketing agreement with Sinclair Broadcast Group); KTXH (channel 20) in Houston and WDCA (channel 20) in Washington, D.C. were sold to Fox Television Stations that same year (as part of the aforementioned swap with KBHK, both are now owned-and-operated stations of MyNetworkTV). In 2005, WNDY-TV (channel 23) in Indianapolis and WWHO (channel 53) in Columbus were sold to LIN TV; in 2006, KAUT-TV (channel 43) in Oklahoma City was sold to The New York Times Company (which later sold its entire television group to Local TV, which in turn was subsequently acquired by Tribune Broadcasting), and in 2008, WUPL (channel 54) in New Orleans was sold to Belo (which subsequently merged with the Gannett Company).
The CW
Because of CBS Corporation's ownership stake in The CW Television Network, while not a traditional O&O arrangement, stations owned by the company that carry programming from the network can be considered O&Os. In February 2007, as part of the aforementioned group deal that included two of CBS's O&Os, CBS Corporation sold its CW owned-and-operated stations in West Palm Beach, Florida (WTVX, channel 34) and Providence (WLWC, channel 28) to Four Points Media Group. The Four Points stations were subsequently acquired by the Sinclair Broadcast Group; WLWC, in turn, has since been spun off to OTA Broadcasting, LLC.
In June 2010, CBS announced the sale of its Norfolk, Virginia CW O&O WGNT (channel 27) to Local TV, then owner of that market's CBS affiliate WTKR-TV (channel 3) (as well as seven former Fox O&O stations). This created the second television duopoly in that market (the first involved LIN TV-owned NBC affiliate WAVY-TV (channel 10) and Fox affiliate WVBT (channel 43)). As part of the deal, Local TV would take over the operations of WGNT through a time brokerage agreement while the deal awaited FCC approval. Until the sale closed on August 4, WGNT was the smallest station by market size to be owned by CBS following the Four Points Media Group deal. The sale of WGNT also made WJZ-TV (channel 13) in Baltimore the smallest station by market size that is still owned by CBS (WGNT, along with WTKR, is now owned by Dreamcatcher Broadcasting and operated by Tribune Broadcasting under a shared services agreement).
Other networks
In 1999, not long after Ion Television launched as Pax TV, its parent company Paxson Communications (now Ion Media Networks) sold its Dayton, Green Bay and Decatur O&Os – WDPX (channel 26), WPXG (channel 14) and WPXU (channel 23), respectively – to ACME Communications; the stations later changed their respective callsigns to WBDT, WCWF and WBUI. All three stations then became primary affiliates of The WB (though they retained secondary affiliations with Pax until 2005); the stations are now CW affiliates (WBDT and WCWF were sold to LIN TV, while WBUI was sold to GOCOM Media).
Two years later, in 2001, Pax sold its Little Rock owned-and-operated station KYPX (channel 42) to Equity Broadcasting, which switched the station's affiliation to The WB as KWBF (that station is now MyNetworkTV affiliate KARZ-TV, owned by the Nexstar Media Group). In 2003, Pax sold its Albuquerque, New Mexico O&O, KAPX (channel 14, now KTFQ-TV), to Univision Communications, which turned it into an O&O of TeleFutura. That same year, Paxson sold KPXJ (channel 21) in Shreveport, Louisiana, to KTBS, Inc. (owner of the station's ABC-affiliated sister station KTBS-TV); that station became a UPN affiliate and is also now an affiliate of The CW.
Multiple networks
Philadelphia's WCAU-TV had been a CBS owned-and-operated station starting in 1958. However, after CBS announced its alliance with Westinghouse Broadcasting in 1995, the network chose to affiliate with Westinghouse's KYW-TV, Philadelphia's longtime NBC affiliate. After a bidding war, WCAU was sold to NBC. KYW became a CBS owned-and-operated station after Westinghouse's merger with CBS a few months later.
As part of the same deal, NBC in turn transferred its own O&O stations in Denver (KCNC-TV, channel 4) and Salt Lake City (KUTV) to Westinghouse/CBS, and those stations became CBS O&Os after Westinghouse merged with CBS. NBC and CBS also swapped transmitting facilities in Miami between the then-weaker CBS-owned WCIX (channel 6, now WFOR-TV, channel 4) and the then-stronger NBC-owned WTVJ (channel 4, now on the weaker channel 6 signal under the same calls).
Stations that have been O&Os of more than one major network
This includes future O&Os, and also counts stations aligned with UPN, The WB and The CW.
O&O stations of U.S. broadcast television networks
ABC
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated stations
CBS
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated stations
The CW
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated stations
Estrella TV
Current owned-and-operated stations
Fox
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated stations
Ion Television
Note: Some stations were owned by Ion Media Networks under its former name Paxson Communications prior to the 1998 launch of Ion Television as Pax TV.
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated stations
MyNetworkTV
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated stations
NBC
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated stations
Telemundo
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated station
Trinity Broadcasting Network
Notes:
1) Stations indicated by two plus signs ("++") are stations that were signed on by TBN or a TBN subsidiary.
2) Stations indicated by two asterisks ("**") represent a station owned by Community Educational Television, a TBN subsidiary.
Current owned-and-operated stations
Former owned-and-operated stations
Until 2018, TBN never sold any of its full-power television stations (either one it owns outright or through its Community Educational Television subsidiary), though several translator stations have been sold off since the digital transition to other parties for either spectrum speculation, to become translators of other commercial stations, or in the case of W41BN in Dothan, Alabama, to become an affiliate of one of the major broadcast networks; in that case W41BN is now WRGX-LD, the market's NBC affiliate under the ownership of Gray Television. Several other translator stations have been taken off-the-air completely as TBN's distribution has become concentrated on pay television and IPTV distribution, due to the prohibitive costs of upgrading the entire network's translator system to digital.
In September 2018, TBN completed the sale of full-power station WDLI-TV to Ion Media, with whom it had entered into a channel sharing agreement in March 2018 involving Ion's WVPX-TV; Ion chose to exploit WDLI-TV's full-market cable and satellite coverage for carriage of Ion Life/Plus in Cleveland, formerly carried on WVPX-DT3. The same transaction resulted in the sale of WKOI-TV to Ion Media which allowed dual-market carriage of Ion Television in Dayton and Cincinnati after TBN entered into a channel sharing agreement with WDTN, WSFJ-TV's channel share with Daystar's WCLL-CD resulted in full-market coverage of Ion Plus in the Columbus market, and the same arrangement with Ion's WIPX-TV resulted in WCLJ becoming a primary Ion Plus station for the Indianapolis market.
UniMás
Current owned-and-operated stations
Univision
Current owned-and-operated stations
O&O stations of defunct major television networks in the United States
DuMont Television Network
UPN
UPN was co-founded by United Television / Chris-Craft Television and Paramount Pictures, and launched on January 16, 1995.
Notes
References
External links
ABC-owned Television Stations – List of ABC O&Os
CBS Television Stations – List of CBS and CW O&Os
NBC-owned Television Stations – List of NBC and Telemundo O&Os
Fox Television Stations – List of Fox and MyNetwork TV O&Os
Category:American television-related lists | {
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M. A. Ramlu
Madisetti Anant Ramlu (born 1927) served as the founder and first Head of the Department of Mining Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) in Kharagpur, India, from 1958 until 1987, when he retired as the Deputy Director & Acting Director of IIT Kharagpur. He is an expert in the area of mines safety, machinery, and open-cast mining. He received his BS in Mining & Metallurgy from the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) and his PhD in Mining Engineering from Germany (Bergakadamie Clausthal). Details on his doctoral
thesis are available at "Ablagerung von feinem Kohlenstaub in einem Staubversuchsraum unter Tage". (1956)
Madisetti, Anant Ramlu., Clausthal, Bergak., F. f. Bergbau u. Hüttenw., Diss. v. 16. Juli 1956 (Nur in beschr. Anz. f. d. Aust.).
Dr. M. A. Ramlu is married to Saroja, and has two sons - Dr. Vijay K. Madisetti of Georgia Institute of Technology and Dr. Avanindra Madisetti of Mobius Semiconductors in Irvine, California.
Prof. Madisetti A. Ramlu was recently awarded the 2009 S. K. Bose Memorial Teaching Excellence Award by the Mining, Geological, and Metallurgical Institute (MGMI) of India.
Publications
References
Category:Indian academics
Category:Living people
Category:1927 births | {
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Saint-Joseph-de-Coleraine
Saint-Joseph-de-Coleraine is a municipality in the Municipalité régionale de comté des Appalaches in Quebec, Canada. It is part of the Chaudière-Appalaches region and the population is 2,018 as of 2009. It is named after Saint Joseph, father of Jesus, and the town of Coleraine in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland.
References
External links
Commission de toponymie du Québec
Ministère des Affaires municipales, des Régions et de l'Occupation du territoire
Category:Municipalities in Quebec
Category:Incorporated places in Chaudière-Appalaches | {
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USS Fernandina (1861)
USS Fernandina (1861) was a bark purchased by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a patrol vessel, operating in Confederate waterways.
Fernandina, a bark, was purchased 29 July 1861 at New York City as Florida; and renamed and commissioned 16 November 1861, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant G.W Browne in command.
Operating with the North Atlantic Blockade
Fernandina reported for duty in the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron at Hampton Roads, Virginia, 2 December 1861, and was ordered south to duty on the blockade of Wilmington, North Carolina. On 13 December, she scattered a Confederate encampment on the beach near Little River Inlet, North Carolina, and 12 days later she took prize William H. Northrop, running the blockade with a cargo of drugs and coffee.
The bark discovered the schooner Kate out of Nassau, Bahamas, run aground on 2 April 1862, and after taking her papers off, burned the schooner, since both Fernandina and her party boarding the blockade runner were under Confederate fire from the shore.
Reassigned to the South Atlantic Blockade
On 11 June, Fernandina was reassigned to the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron which she joined off Charleston, South Carolina. Aside from the summer of 1863, when she sailed north for repairs, the bark blockaded at St. Simons, Georgia and at St. Catherine's, Georgia, and in Ossabaw Sound. She captured the sloop Annie Thompson 16 January 1864, after the blockade runner had grounded.
End-of-war decommissioning and sale
Detached from her squadron 3 April 1865, Fernandina was decommissioned at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 29 April 1866, and sold 2 June 1865.
References
See also
United States Navy
American Civil War
Category:Ships of the Union Navy
Category:Gunboats of the United States Navy
Category:Barques of the United States Navy | {
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Hidden in the Woods (2014 film)
Hidden in the Woods is a 2014 American thriller film directed by Patricio Valladares and starring Michael Biehn. The film also stars Jennifer Blanc and William Forsythe. It is a remake of Valladares' 2012 film of the same name. Biehn and Blanc serve as producers of the film.
Plot
Cast
Michael Biehn as Oscar Crooker
Jeannine Kaspar as Ana
Electra Avellan as Anny
Chris Browning as Jed James
William Forsythe as Uncle Costello
Production
The film was shot in Texas.
Reception
Luiz H.C. of Bloody Disgusting gave the film a mixed review and wrote "only the most desensitized of horror-hounds will enjoy this peculiar remake." Matt Boiselle of Dread Central awarded the film two and a half stars out of five.
References
External links
Category:2014 films
Category:American films
Category:American thriller films
Category:American remakes of foreign films
Category:2010s thriller films | {
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Anne de Bruin
Anne Marguerite de Bruin is a New Zealand economics academic. She is the Founding Director of the New Zealand Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship Research Centre (SIERC) and as of 2018, she is a Professor of Economics, School of Economics and Finance at Massey University. Her research focuses on social, creative and women's entrepreneurship and innovation.
Academic career
After a 1997 PhD titled 'Transformation of the welfare state in New Zealand with special reference to employment' at the Massey University, de Bruin rose to full professor on staff.
She co-edited the book Entrepreneurship: New Perspectives in a Global Age (Ashgate) where she is the main contributor. de Bruin has published in leading journals including Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice (ETP) and International Small Business Journal (ISBJ). de Bruin sits on six journal editorial boards: International Small Business Journal, Journal of Management and Organization and Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management, Forum for Social Economics, International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship and Small Enterprise Research. She has also recently been guest co-editor for Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice and the Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics.
She received a Fulbright NZ Senior Scholar Award in 2009 to research entrepreneurship.
Selected works
De Bruin, Anne, Candida G. Brush, and Friederike Welter. "Advancing a framework for coherent research on women's entrepreneurship." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 31, no. 3 (2007): 323–339.
Brush, Candida G., Anne De Bruin, and Friederike Welter. "A gender-aware framework for women's entrepreneurship." International Journal of Gender and entrepreneurship 1, no. 1 (2009): 8–24.
De Bruin, Anne, Candida G. Brush, and Friederike Welter. "Introduction to the special issue: Towards building cumulative knowledge on women's entrepreneurship." Entrepreneurship Theory and practice 30, no. 5 (2006): 585–593.
Cremer, Rolf D., Anne De Bruin, and Ann Dupuis. "International Sister‐Cities: Bridging the Global‐Local Divide." American Journal of Economics and Sociology 60, no. 1 (2001): 377–401.
Shaw, Eleanor, and Anne de Bruin. "Reconsidering capitalism: the promise of social innovation and social entrepreneurship?." International Small Business Journal 31, no. 7 (2013): 737–746.
References
External links
Category:Living people
Category:New Zealand academics
Category:New Zealand women academics
Category:New Zealand engineers
Category:New Zealand economists
Category:Massey University alumni
Category:University of New England (Australia) alumni
Category:Massey University faculty
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | {
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Anahim hotspot
The Anahim hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located in the West-Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada. One of the few hotspots in North America, the Anahim plume is responsible for the creation of the Anahim Volcanic Belt. This is a long chain of volcanoes and other magmatic features that have undergone erosion. The chain extends from the community of Bella Bella in the west to near the small city of Quesnel in the east. While most volcanoes are created by geological activity at tectonic plate boundaries, the Anahim hotspot is located hundreds of kilometres away from the nearest plate boundary.
This hotspot's existence was first proposed in the 1970s by three scientists who used John Tuzo Wilson's classic hotspot theory. This theory proposes that a single, fixed mantle plume builds volcanoes that then, cut off from their source by the movement of the North American Plate, become increasingly inactive and eventually erode over millions of years. A more recent theory, published in 2001 by the Geological Society of America, suggests that the Anahim hotspot might be supplied by a mantle plume from the upper mantle rather than a deep-seated plume proposed by Wilson. The plume has since been tomographically imaged, showing it to be roughly deep. This measurement, however, could be an underestimate as the plume might originate deeper within Earth.
Volcanism as early as 14.5 million years ago has been linked to the Anahim hotspot, with the latest eruption having taken place in the last 8,000 years. This volcanic activity has produced rocks that show a bimodal distribution in composition. While these rocks were being deposited, the hotspot coincided with periods of crustal extension and uplift. Activity in modern times has been limited to earthquakes and volcanic gas emissions.
Theories
Tectonic plates generally focus deformation and volcanism at plate boundaries. However, the Anahim hotspot is about from the nearest plate boundary. While studying the Anahim Volcanic Belt in 1979, Canadian geologists Mary Bevier, Richard Armstrong and Jack Souther used the hotspot theory to explain this zone of volcanism so far from regular conditions. The theory was first invented by Canadian geophysicist John Tuzo Wilson in 1963 to explain the formation of the Hawaiian Islands.
Wilson's stationary hotspot theory
In 1963, Wilson proposed that small, long lasting, exceptionally hot areas of magma exist under Earth's surface; these heat centres create thermally active mantle plumes, which in turn sustain long-lasting volcanic activity. This "intra-plate" volcanism builds peaks that rise above the surrounding landscape. Plate tectonics cause the local tectonic plate (in the case of the Anahim hotspot, the North American Plate) to slowly slide over the hotspot, carrying its volcanoes with it without affecting the plume. Over hundreds of thousands of years, the magma supply for the volcano is slowly cut off, eventually going extinct. No longer active enough to overpower erosion, the volcano slowly erodes away. As the cycle continues, a new volcanic centre manifests and a volcanic peak arises anew. The process continues until the mantle plume itself collapses.
This cycle of growth and dormancy strings together volcanoes over millions of years, leaving a trail of volcanic mountains and intrusions extending from coastal British Columbia across the Coast Mountains into the Interior Plateau. According to Wilson's theory, the Anahim volcanoes should be progressively older and increasingly eroded the further they are from the hotspot and this is easily observable; the oldest rock on coastal British Columbia, that of the Gale Passage dike swarm, is about 14.5 million years old and deeply eroded, while the rock at Nazko Cone, the hotspot's present centre, is a comparatively young 0.34 million years of age or less. Radiocarbon dating of peat directly above and below a tephra layer extending from Nazko Cone suggest that the latest eruption occurred approximately 7,200 years ago.
Geophysicists believe that hotspots originate at one or two major boundaries deep in the Earth, either a shallow interface in the lower mantle between an upper convecting layer and a lower non-convecting layer, or a deeper D″ ("D double-prime") layer, approximately thick and immediately above the core-mantle boundary. A mantle plume would initiate at the interface when the warmer lower layer heats a portion of the cooler upper layer. This heated, buoyant and less-viscous portion of the upper layer would become less dense due to thermal expansion and rise towards the surface as a Rayleigh-Taylor instability. When the mantle plume reaches the base of the lithosphere, the plume heats it and produces melt. This magma then makes its way to the surface, where it is erupted as lava.
Arguments for the validity of the hotspot theory generally centre on the steady age progression of Anahim volcanoes and nearby features: a similar spatiotemporal trend exists for the Yellowstone hotspot track to the southeast. The presence of two hotspot tracks on the same continent and their general agreement between each other provides a unique tool in assessing and testing the motion of North America.
Shallow hotspot theory
Another hypothesis is that the Anahim hotspot is supplied by a miniplume. These mantle plumes have their roots in the upper mantle but they may later originate from the lower mantle. Arguments for an Anahim miniplume are centred on the existence of two small dike swarms at the western (hence oldest) end of the Anahim Volcanic Belt. This assumption is in turn based on the notion that giant dike swarms mark the arrival of deep-seated mantle plumes.
History of study
In 1977, Jack Souther produced a synthesis of volcanism in the Canadian Cordillera and delineated several Neogene-to-Quaternary volcanic belts throughout British Columbia. One of these was the linear Anahim Volcanic Belt, which included the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field at its eastern end. However, its origin had not yet been understood. In 1979, two volcano tectonic models had been proposed by Jack Souther, Mary Bevier and Richard Armstrong. This included a hotspot and a propagating crack controlled by stress fields related to large-scale plate tectonics of western North America.
Garry C. Rogers of the Geological Survey of Canada speculated in his 1981 NRC Research Press article McNaughton Lake seismicity—more evidence for an Anahim hotspot? that earthquake swarms at McNaughton Lake (now called Kinbasket Lake) may be related to the Anahim hotspot. Rogers noted that if the seismicity is related to a hotspot the surface expression must be lagging behind the passage of the hotspot. An alternative theory proposed by Rogers is that if the Anahim hotspot is located under the Wells Gray-Clearwater area, the stress field surrounding the hotspot must precede it by approximately .
In 1987, Canadian volcanologist Catherine Hickson revealed that the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field is not part of the Anahim Volcanic Belt, but rather a separate centre that most likely represents an area of lithospheric decompression melting caused by rifting along pre-existing crustal fractures. The Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field has since not been considered part of the Anahim Volcanic Belt and the Anahim hotspot is now believed to be in the area of Nazko Cone.
The existence of an Anahim hotspot was supported in a detailed Bulletin of Volcanology report by Kuehn et al. (2015). This included new geochemical and geochronometric data for the Baldface Mountain and Satah Mountain volcanic fields, as well as for Nazko Cone. The data obtained indicated that volcanism in the two volcanic fields were contemporaneous with the Itcha Range shield volcano and that both fields agree with the vector of the North American Plate motion over a hotspot in the British Columbia Interior. It was also noted that the trace and rare-earth element patterns of mafic lavas in the Anahim Volcanic Belt are similar to ocean island basalts, providing more evidence for a hotspot.
Characteristics
Position
The Anahim hotspot has been imaged through seismic tomography and is estimated to be wide. Recent high-resolution local tomography indicates a possible lower-mantle plume and a pond of plume material is evidenced by a large low-velocity zone in the upper mantle. These low seismic velocity zones often indicate hotter and more buoyant mantle material. The low-velocity zone is flanked on both sides by high-velocity anomalies of variable amplitude. In the north, high-velocities may reflect the remains of batholithic roots that formed as a result of continuous subduction along the northern continental margin 150 to 50 million years ago. High velocities in the south represent the subducting Juan de Fuca slab. Centered near Nazko Cone, the low-velocity zone extends to a depth of approximately . However, it may extend deeper southward beneath the Juan de Fuca Plate through the transition zone into the lower mantle. This has led to the conclusion that the Anahim hotspot is supplied by a mantle plume over slab edge flow.
Movement
Individual volcanoes drift southwest from the hotspot at a rate of about per year with each successive volcanic centre spending about two million years actively attached to the plume. The oldest Anahim volcano, situated on the Central Coast of British Columbia, formed 14.5 million years ago. If any prior record in the form of seamounts existed off the British Columbia Coast, this record would presumably have been subducted under North America with the Farallon/Juan de Fuca plates and lost. Thus it is unknown if the hotspot existed in the Pacific Ocean prior to being located on the North American continent from ongoing plate motion. However, past geologic field mapping and geochemical studies suggest massive plutons could be present in the offshore continental shelf. These suspected bodies are aligned with the northeast-trending Anahim Volcanic Belt, whose age progression suggests these suspected offshore plutons could be of Miocene age. An earlier displaced portion of the hotspot track might exist on Haida Gwaii as part of the Masset Formation. However, further analyses of Masset volcanic rocks are still required to determine if they are compositionally and istopically similar to alkalic lavas found on the mainland.
Magma
The composition of the volcanoes' magma has changed significantly with time as they grow over the hotspot and migrate away. Volcanic activity 14.5 to 3.0 million years ago was predominately felsic, producing large volumes of rhyolite and trachyte lava. This can be explained by the presence of thick granitic structures under these volcanoes, which have been tectonically compressed from being near the North American Plate margin. A unique characteristic of the felsic lava flows is that although they were high in silica content, the flows were overly fluid in nature. This is because the peralkaline content of these felsic lavas decreased the viscosity of the flows a minimum of 10–30 times over that of calc-alkaline felsic flows. Evidence for explosive volcanism exists in the form of pumice flows, bedded tuffs, intensely shattered basement rocks and the high content of coarse basement clasts in rhyolite breccias.
Magma production of the Anahim hotspot has shifted from more felsic to more mafic compositions in the last 3.0 million years. For instance, much of the magma created between 3.0 and 0.33 million years ago was igneous phonolite, trachyte, trachyandesite, basalt and basanite; the volcanoes built during this period are almost entirely made of these rock types. Other igneous rocks such as phonotephrite are present in smaller quantities; these occur in the Satah Mountain volcanic field. Volcanic eruptions in the last 0.33 million years have been mainly basanitic and have occurred at the youngest eruptive centre, Nazko Cone. Basanites produced by these eruptions are significantly more undersaturated than basalts from older Anahim volcanoes in the west and may indicate an eastward shift toward a deeper or less depleted mantle source. It is also possible that as the North American Plate moves over the Anahim hotspot, it underlies thinner continental crust. The overall chemistry and mineralogy of the Anahim magmas are analogous to regions of incipient continental rifting above a mantle plume.
Volcanoes
Over the last 14.5 million years, the Anahim hotspot has created at least 40 volcanoes. They can be organized into three groupings: the eastern section, which comprises several small cinder cones and is the location of all modern volcanic activity; the central section, which consists of predominantly shield volcanoes; and the western section, all of which have since been reduced to remnants of eruptive breccia and high-level plutons and dike swarms. These form one of the six Neogene-Quaternary volcanic provinces in British Columbia.
Volcanic characteristics
The Anahim volcanoes are grouped into three types: volcanic cones, shield volcanoes and lava domes. The shields are characterized by their large size (hundreds of kilometres in volume) and their symmetrical shape. They are the most prominent of the three volcano types, with the Rainbow Range being the highest at around above sea level. Their outer slopes merge with older flat-lying basalt flows of the Chilcotin Group, which covers a large percentage of the Interior Plateau. The more abundant lava domes and volcanic cones are much smaller in size (less than one kilometre in volume). These comprise two extensive volcanic fields in the vicinity of the Itcha Range.
Although many Anahim volcanoes are surrounded by Chilcotin Group basalt flows, the exact nature of their relationship is unknown. It is unlikely that the Anahim volcanoes ever were a source area for the Chilcotin basalts as they have distinct transitional geochemistries. The Chilcotin Group is interpreted to be related to back-arc extension behind the Cascadia subduction zone.
Evolution and construction
Each volcano type produced by the Anahim hotspot has its own unique life cycle of growth and erosion. Volcanic cones have their origins from tephra accumulating around vents during Strombolian eruptions. They are composed of trachyte, trachyandesite, basalt, phonolite, basanite and to a lesser extent phonotephrite. In contrast, lava domes are formed mainly by viscous trachytic magma that erupts effusively onto the surface and then piles up thick around vents. Most of these features are formed only by a single volcanic eruption and are therefore monogenetic in nature. However, in some cases several eruptions occur at a single locus to create larger, polygenetic centres (e.g. Satah Mountain, Baldface Mountain, Nazko Cone). Once activity has ended, erosion eventually reduces them into volcanic remnants such as lava plugs.
Shield volcanoes undergo at least two stages of volcanic activity. The initial shield stage is the most productive volcanically and features repeated eruptions of large volumes of predominately fluid peralkaline felsic magmas that become progressively more evolved. During this stage, a small summit caldera may form, as is the case for the Ilgachuz Range. After the shield stage has been completed, the post-shield stage succeeds. This stage of activity is characterized by small volumes of more mafic lavas expressed as small cinder cones and capping flows. Dissection of the shield by stream erosion is also apparent, resulting in the creation of deeply incised radial valleys.
Prolonged erosion eventually removes most if not all traces of the volcanoes to expose their underlying solidified magma systems. Such systems can be below the surface with rocks ranging from hypabyssal to plutonic. Exposure of the King Island Pluton and the Bella Bella and Gale Passage dike swarms are prime examples of this phase of erosion.
Tectonic history
Extensional tectonics
Rifting and crustal extension in Queen Charlotte Sound up to about 17 million years ago has been linked to the Early Miocene passage of the Anahim hotspot. Yorath and Chase (1981) proposed that subcrustal melting above the Anahim plume resulted in weakening of the regional crust, setting the stage for rift development. Later, widespread volcanism produced subearial basalt and rhyolite flows in the region of the rift and along transcurrent faults that extend towards the northwest. Haida Gwaii was displaced approximately to the north along a series of faults extending through Sandspit and Louscoone Islet. This period of rifting and crustal extension contributed to the formation of the Queen Charlotte Basin.
While the rift was in development, a conservative plate boundary would have extended northwards from the landward end of the rift. Such a plate boundary might have been similar to the Gulf of California – San Andreas fault system in the U.S. state of California. This type of configuration need have existed for only a few million years to have generated the of opening in the rift. Alternatively, the Haida Gwaii block may have been only partially coupled to the offshore plate during a longer period of oblique convergence. Bathyal sediments, perhaps as young as 15 million years, were deposited within the rift zone during and after the rifting took place as the Anahim hotspot passed by.
Uplift
Starting about 10 million years ago, the Anahim hotspot began to pass under the Bella Coola–Ocean Falls region. This coincided with increased regional uplift of the south-central Coast Mountains. After the hotspot reached the Chilcotin Plateau 8 million years ago, uplift had decreased. This suggests that the uplift could have been thermally driven by the Anahim hotspot, which thinned the lithosphere and caused changes in sub-crustal and surface heat flux. About of uplift was achieved during the hotspot's time in the south-central Coast Mountains over a period of a few million years.
Hotspot–fault interactions
The Anahim hotspot was stationed in a tectonically complex region of the Chilcotin Plateau between 3.9 and 1.4 million years ago. This complexity may have given rise to interactions of the hotspot with pre-existing fracture systems, such that magma rose along normal faults to create a long north–south chain of volcanoes. The Itcha Range developed directly over the intersection whereas the Satah Mountain volcanic field developed along the more distal portions of the fracture system and away from the Itcha Range. A lack of extensive volcanic fields adjacent to the neighbouring Ilgachuz and Rainbow ranges might indicate an absence of fracture systems associated with those volcanoes.
Historical activity
Volcanic eruptions are not known to have occurred from the Anahim hotspot in historical times. However, since 2007 there have been recorded volcano tectonic earthquakes and carbon dioxide emissions in the vicinity of Nazko Cone. The lack of evidence for historic seismicity prior to 2007 suggests that the area is tectonically stable, making the Nechako Basin one of the most seismically inactive areas of British Columbia.
Seismicity
From October 9, 2007 to May 15, 2008, a series of earthquakes measuring up to 2.9 magnitude occurred in the Nechako Basin some west of Nazko Cone. Most of these tremors occurred below the surface, indicating they originated within the lowermost crust. Analysis of seismic waves suggest that the earthquake swarm was caused by brittle failure and fracturing of rock at depth from magma intrusion. No volcanic eruption was likely as the number and size of the seismic events were too small. Nevertheless, this suggests that the Anahim hotspot is seismically active and that small magma movements are still possible. Although these earthquakes were too small to be felt, they generated substantial local interest as they represented a significant concentration of seismic activity within the Anahim Volcanic Belt.
Carbon dioxide emissions
Vigorous degassing of carbon dioxide occurs from several vents in two bogs near Nazko Cone. These vents are in the form of small isolated travertine mounds on the bog surface. A mound with a partially submerged vent had been identified in 2013 with a steady flow of carbon dioxide. Several new vents with no travertine mound were actively releasing carbon dioxide gas in 2015. Analysis of the carbon-13 isotope in the carbon dioxide gas emissions suggest a magmatic origin. This has led to the possibility of a volcanic geothermal system, the existence of which has been investigated by Geoscience BC as part of their Targeting Resources for Exploration and Knowledge project. The lack of hot springs and geothermal evidence on the surface suggest that the heat source of such a system would be very deep underground.
Volcanic hazards
The Anahim hotspot is set in a remote location accessed by a network of logging roads from Quesnel on Highway 97. Because of this, the most immediate hazard relating to future eruptions is of local concern only. Although not heavily populated, the area is home to forestry operations and the small community of Nazko. The presence of burned wood within Nazko tephra suggests that this area is prone to forest fires caused by volcanic eruptions. Also, if an eruption column were to be produced, it would disrupt local air traffic. Volcanic ash reduces visibility and can cause jet engine failure, as well as damage to other aircraft systems. Renewed volcanism is likely to result in the creation of mafic cinder cones. The latest such event occurred with the eruption of Nazko Cone 7,200 years ago. However, eruptions of less mafic magma, typical of earlier activity of the Anahim hotspot, cannot be ruled out.
See also
List of volcanic hotspots
List of volcanoes in Canada
Volcanology of Western Canada
References
Category:Anahim Volcanic Belt
Category:Volcanism of British Columbia
Category:Natural history of British Columbia
Category:Geographic areas of seismological interest
Category:Hotspots of North America
Category:Seismic zones of British Columbia | {
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Strawberry Banks
Strawberry Banks () is a biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire, notified in 1993.
This is a Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust nature reserve. The banks are thought to have once been used to grow strawberries, hence the name, and be the crash site of a Second World War German bomber. Strawberry Banks adjoins the Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust Three Groves Wood nature reserve and lies on the west-facing slopes of a small valley in the Cotswolds between the villages of France Lynch and Oakridge. The site is roughly 5 km (3 miles) east of Stroud. Strawberry Banks and Three Groves Wood are part of a group of nature reserves in Stroud's Golden Valley.
The site supports a large population of the marsh fritillary butterfly, and it is also one of the few sites in Britain at which the oil beetle Meloe rugosus occurs.
Species
Further information is in the nature reserves handbook. This oolitic limestone grassland supports a variety of plants and animals. These include the greater butterfly-orchid, bee orchid, common spotted orchid, wild columbine, common rock-rose, milkwort, kidney vetch, wild thyme, yellow rattle and devil's bit scabious during May and June. Green-winged orchid, cowslip, early purple orchid, wood anemone, hairy violet and bluebell can be seen early in the year. In late summer pyramidal orchid, autumn gentian, clustered bellflower, Carline thistle, betony, yellow-wort, marjoram, zigzag clover, small scabious and Dyer's greenweed flower.
This site supports sainfoin, a fodder crop, which was sown many years ago on this and many other Cotswold grasslands.
There are areas of hawthorn, hazel, ash, pedunculate oak, holly and blackthorn scrub. Toothwort, nettle-leaved bellflower, woodruff and sanicle may be found in these areas. A stream, edged with trees and shrubs, runs along the bottom of the banks where meadowsweet, ramsons (wood garlic), brooklime and water figwort may be found.
The site is known for its invertebrate life, including notably marsh fritillary. Other butterflies include small blue, green hairstreak, chalkhill blue, Duke of Burgundy, marbled white, silver-washed fritillary, grizzled skipper, comma and brown argus. Roman snails, heath snail and a rare oil beetle Meloe rugosus are present.
Conservation
The banks have been gently grazed by horses and ponies since 1969, which has helped to maintain the grassland. There is regular cutting of invasive scrub and some of the large beeches at the edge of Three Groves Wood have been felled to increase the area of grassland. This is done to enhance the species rich sward.
Walks
There is a publication which details walks for recreation and observing wildlife in the Golden Valley. This includes information on Strawberry Banks and four other nearby nature reserves being Three Groves Wood, Siccaridge Wood, Daneway Banks SSSI and Sapperton Valley. The walk also includes other ancient woodland at Peyton's Grove, Oakridge village, Bakers Mill and Reservoir, Ashmeads Spring, and part of the route of the old Thames and Severn Canal.
Publications
Kelham, A, Sanderson, J, Doe, J, Edgeley-Smith, M, et al., 1979, 1990, 2002 editions, 'Nature Reserves of the Gloucestershire Trust for Nature Conservation/Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust'
'The Golden Valley Walk', (undated), Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust
References
SSSI Source
Natural England SSSI information on the citation
Natural England SSSI information on the Strawberry Bank unit
External links
Gloucestershire Wildlife Trust
Natural England (SSSI information)
Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Gloucestershire
Category:Sites of Special Scientific Interest notified in 1993
Category:Nature reserves in Gloucestershire
Category:Cotswolds | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Davor Marcelić
Davor Marcelić (born 20 May 1969 in Zadar, SR Croatia, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Croatian retired professional basketball player who last played for KK Krka.
External links
ABA League Profile
Category:1969 births
Category:Living people
Category:Croatian men's basketball players
Category:KK Cibona players
Category:KK Krka players
Category:KK Włocławek players
Category:KK Zadar players
Category:Small forwards
Category:Sportspeople from Zadar
Category:Basketball players at the 1996 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic basketball players of Croatia
Category:ABA League players | {
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} |
Percy Radcliffe
Percy Radcliffe CBE (14 November 1916 – December 1991) was a Member of the Legislative Council of the Isle of Man, and Chairman of the Executive Council from 1971 until 1977, and from 1981 to 1985. He was also the Chairman of the Finance Board in the 1970s. He was appointed CBE in the 1985 Birthday Honours.
References
Category:1991 deaths
Category:1916 births
Category:Chairmen of the Executive Council of the Isle of Man
Category:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Category:Manx politicians | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Francesco Masini
Francesco Masini (December 6, 1894 – July 9, 1962) was a lawyer and politician from the island of Gozo, Malta. In 1947, he founded the Gozo Party, and was elected to the Maltese Legislative Assembly together with two other party members.
Early life and family
Francesco Masini was born in Victoria, Gozo, on December 6, 1894, son of Dr. Giuseppe Masini and Francesca née Calleja. Educated first at the Gozo Seminary, then at the University of Malta, he graduated Doctor of Laws on December 17, 1919. Soon after graduating, he started serving at the Gozo Law Courts, becoming one of the just three lawyers practicing at the time.
On July 11, 1926, Dr. Masini married Elena Grech, and had four children in all: Mary Rosaria (known as Rose), Joseph, Franco, and George.
Foundation of the Gozo Party
Background
Following the chaos of the Second World War, Gozo was left in a state of disorder and abandonment. According to Gozitans themselves who complained in newspapers, "the standard of living in the Gozitan villages is low and the rate of infant mortality is high." Fear was growing among the Gozitan population that the new Self-Government Constitution which was to be given in 1947 was not going to be of benefit to Gozo, should no Gozitan members be elected.
Dr. Francesco Masini, being a prominent lawyer, was aware of these feelings, and the problems the Gozitan lower classes were having to face. He first teamed up with Dr. Anton Calleja, another lawyer, who in turn recruited Notary Joseph Cauchi, and legal prosecutors Joseph Cefai and Luigi Cutajar, as well as architect Carmelo Attard and hotelier Paul Portelli. On April 6, 1947, the Gozo Party was officially announced, and on June 28 of the same year, the first party gazette, Leħen Għawdex (Gozo's Voice) was published.
In the editorial of the Times of Malta dated 21 April 1947, Mabel Strickland said that "if the electorate of both Islands returns any one party to Power with only a narrow majority, it is understandable that Gozo is out to make its voice heard."
1947 Election and period in the Legislative Assembly
In his political manifesto, as well as his speeches, Masini and his party focused on three main principles: Gozo as the main reason for which the party was founded; collaboration with the authorities and parliament as long as Gozitan interests are safeguarded and; independence which reassured that the Gozo Party was not affiliated with any other political party.
In the 1947 elections, held between October 25 and 27, the Gozo Party elected three of its members, Anton Calleja, Guzeppi Cefai, and Francesco Masini on the 8th District. Masini was the second candidate to be declared winner on the 8th District, after incumbent Henry Jones, founder of the Jones Party. In Parliament, the Party's work reflected Masini's principles. The party pressured Prime Minister Paul Boffa to set up an inquiry to report on the requirements of the island, which was set up on October 15, 1948. However, political developments led to the early demise of the Party as soon as Boffa’s government collapsed.
Social involvement
Dr. Masini was active in several other organizations, especially the Leone Philharmonic Society, the National Festivities Committee, and the Gozo Public Library. He also headed a delegation that negotiated with the Bishop of Gozo (Joseph Pace) the donation of the statue of St. Mary by the Leone Philharmonic Society to the Cathedral of Gozo. He was also appointed as honorary member of the same club.
On April 14, 1961, Ordinance XI gave birth to the Gozo Civic Council. Masini served as a legal advisor till his death.
Legacy
A street in Victoria, Gozo, as well as a meeting room in the Teatru Aurora (the Leone Band Club's headquarters) are dedicated to him. His daughter, Rose received the "Ġieħ il-Parroċċa tal-Katidral" (Gozo Cathedral Parish Award) on behalf of her late father.
In December 2012, a plaque was unveiled at Masini's family home in Victoria, now residence of his daughter, in a ceremony attended by the mayor and members of the Masini family.
References
Category:Maltese lawyers
Category:Members of the House of Representatives of Malta
Category:1894 births
Category:1964 deaths
Category:People from Victoria, Gozo
Category:Gozo Party politicians | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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I'll Cry Tomorrow (song)
"I'll Cry Tomorrow" is a song recorded by American country music artist Larry Stewart. It was released in July 1993 as the second single from the album Down the Road. The song reached #34 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The song was written by Steve Bogard and Rick Giles.
Chart performance
References
Category:1993 singles
Category:1993 songs
Category:Larry Stewart (singer) songs
Category:Songs written by Steve Bogard
Category:Songs written by Rick Giles
Category:Song recordings produced by Scott Hendricks
Category:RCA Records singles | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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EMovies
eMovies is a 24-hour South African digital satellite television free-to-air movie channel created and owned by eMedia Investment's e.tv for the Openview platform.
History
eMovies launched on the 16th of October 2015, the same day OpenView was launched, as eMovies+ along with eKasi+ (now eExtra), eAfrica+(now defunct ) and eToonz. The reason for the launch of these channels was because South Africa's digital migration process was slow and the debate of whether the DTT decoders should have Conditional Access or not. The channel plays movies that have once aired on e.tv and also acts as an alternative choice in choosing movies to view: viewers can either tune into the main channel to watch a movie or tune in to the other sister channels for their choice in movies.
In November 2017, e.tv gave eMovies+ and eToonz+ a new look to fit in with their other channels red look and dumped the '+' sign from both these channels proclaiming them as eToonz and eMovies from that point onward.
The channels were later available on DStv
References
Category:Television in South Africa | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Nikolai Velyaminov
Nikolai Alexandrovich Velyaminov () (February 27 (O.S. February 15), 1855 in Saint Petersburg – April 9, 1920 in Petrograd) was a Russian surgeon and public figure noted for improving the state of medical treatment in the Imperial Russian Army.
Velyaminov was born in Saint Petersburg to the family of a career officer in the Imperial Russian Army. As a child, he lived in Germany and attended schools in Wiesbaden and in Warsaw. He graduated from Moscow State University's Department of Medicine in 1877 by taking his examinations earlier than normally permitted, and was assigned as an intern at a military hospital in Tiflis. He served as a medic in the army during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. During the war, he introduced antiseptic methods during surgery.
From 1880–1881, he participated in the Battle of Geok Tepe during the Russian conquest of what is now Turkmenistan. During that campaign, he introduced the principle of triage to classify the wounded. He received his doctorate in medicine in 1883. In 1885, Velyaminov began publishing the first Russian magazine for surgeons called The Surgeon's Herald (Хирургический вестник), which he continued to edit for the remainder of his life. He was the first one to open an ambulance station in St Petersburg while director of the Maximilianovskaya Hospital in 1893.
In 1894, Velyaminov was employed as a professor at the Academy of Battlefield Medicine and later became its director (1910–1912). The same year, he was appointed Royal Surgeon to Tsar Alexander III and was present at the Tsar’s death
During the Boxer Rebellion, Velyaminov helped organize the Russian Red Cross Society. During the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, he introduced mobile medical stations and medical trains, which greatly reduced the number of fatalities suffered b the Russian Army.
Velyaminov was appointed a Privy Councillor in 1905 and awarded the Order of St. Anne, 1st degree, in 1907. During World War I, he was a consultant surgeon at the Main Directorate of the International Red Cross.
However, following the Russian October Revolution of 1917, he was critical of new Bolshevik regime, and was stripped of his position and honors. He died in 1920 of coronary artery disease, and was buried at the Volkov Orthodox Cemetery in St Petersburg.
Velyaminov was the first in Russia to use light therapy and laid the foundation for the scientific development of this method. He was also one of the first to point out the role of endocrine glands in the emergence and development of surgical diseases. Velyaminov described a new form of arthropathy (thyrotoxic polyarthritis) and developed a classification of diseases of the joints and thyroid gland. Velyaminov was also a pioneer in exploring occupational injuries. He was also engaged in examining the influence of ultraviolet rays on the course of lupus, epithelioma.
References
Kowner, Rotem (2006). "Historical Dictionary of the Russo-Japanese War". Scarecrow. 620pp.
Notes
Category:1855 births
Category:1920 deaths
Category:People from Saint Petersburg
Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
Category:Moscow State University faculty
Category:Russian surgeons
Category:Light therapy | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Butterfly Lake
Butterfly Lake is a reservoir in Ste. Genevieve County in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Butterfly Lake was so named because its outline has the shape of a butterfly.
References
Category:Bodies of water of Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri
Category:Reservoirs in Missouri
Category:Buildings and structures in Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
FC Slovácká Sparta Spytihněv
FC Slovácká Sparta Spytihněv is a Czech football club located in the village of Spytihněv in the Zlín Region. It currently plays in the fifth tier of Czech football. The club has taken part in the Czech Cup numerous times, reaching the second round in 2011–12.
The club won the regional cup for the Zlin region in 2011, beating Podkopná Lhota in the final.
References
External links
Category:Football clubs in the Czech Republic
Category:Association football clubs established in 1927
Category:Zlín Region | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Torregrotta railway station
Torregrotta railway station is a railway station serving the small town of Torregrotta, in the north-east of Sicily, Italy. The station also serves nearby villages including Monforte San Giorgio, Roccavaldina and Valdina. It is located on the Palermo–Messina railway and all trains calling there are operated by Trenitalia. The current station, opened on 23 November 2009, replaces an earlier one dating from the early years of the twentieth century and closed on 9 August 2009.
History
The section between Messina and San Filippo of the Palermo-Messina Railway was opened on 20 June 1889 but no passenger facilities were provided at Torregrotta until the early years of the twentieth century.
The first station was originally opened as Scala and later renamed as Roccavaldina - Scala - Torregrotta. It was equipped with an important goods station where a large amount of agricultural products came from surrounding crops.
The works for the construction of a new station were contracted in 1999 and began in 2000. On 9 August 2009 the first station was closed and on 23 November 2009 the new station was opened as Torregrotta.
Services
The typical weekday service from the station is thirty-five trains per day. On Sundays the service is reduced to nine trains.
See also
Berlin–Palermo railway axis
List of railway stations in Sicily
Railway stations in Italy
Rail transport in Italy
History of rail transport in Italy
References
Bibliography
External links
Category:Railway stations in Sicily
Category:Railway stations opened in 2009 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Zhao Renben
Zhao Renben (趙仁本) was an official of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong.
Background
Zhao Renben was from Shan Prefecture (陝州, roughly modern Sanmenxia, Henan) -- but from Hebei County (河北) -- the part of Shan Prefecture that was north of the Yellow River (i.e., in modern Shanxi). It is not known when he was born, other than that it was during Sui Dynasty. It was said that he served as a low level official ever since Yang You (r. 617-618), and that during that time as well as the subsequent Tang Dynasty, he often hand-copied imperial edicts and also made records of important events, and that people were impressed that he was keeping such good record.
During Emperor Taizong's reign
During the Emperor Taizong of Tang's reign (626-649), Zhao served as an imperial auditor, and on one occasion, when there was an edict for an imperial auditor to travel a long distance on official business. Zhao's colleagues, wanting to avoid this labor, all found excuses, but Zhao volunteered for the trip, noting to his superior Ma Zhou, "I eat because of the salary that the emperor gives me, and I need to be willing to die for the emperor. Even though the journey may be tiring and dangerous, I will not find an excuse." Upon his return, because he handled the matters appropriately, he was promoted to be a mid-low level official at the ministry of civil service.
During Emperor Gaozong's reign
As of 667, during the reign of Emperor Taizong's son and successor Emperor Gaozong, Zhao was serving as deputy minister of civil service as well as an advisor at the examination bureau of government (東臺, Dong Tai), when he was given the designation Tong Dong Xi Tai Sanpin (同東西臺三品), making him a chancellor de facto. At that time, one of the other chancellors, Xu Jingzong, was very powerful, and he often asked for inappropriate favors from the other chancellors. Zhao refused, and in 670, when Zhao had also been given a position on the staff of Emperor Gaozong's crown prince Li Hong, he was made a secretary general of the executive bureau (中臺, Zhong Tai) and no longer a chancellor. He died while still serving in that role early in Emperor Gaozong's Xianheng era (670-674). His great-grandson Zhao Jing later served as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Dezong.
References
Old Book of Tang, vol. 81.
Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 201.
Category:Chancellors under Emperor Gaozong of Tang
Category:670s deaths
Category:Year of birth unknown
Category:Politicians from Yuncheng
Category:Tang dynasty politicians from Shanxi | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Machine and Soul
Machine + Soul is the eleventh solo studio album by English musician Gary Numan, released in 1992. It was a low point, released primarily to help pay off debt, and was the last of his efforts to make his music more radio-friendly. His subsequent work went in the much darker and more industrial direction that would revive his career.
Numan's two previous studio albums, 1988's Metal Rhythm and 1991's Outland, had been released through IRS Records. However, Numan's relationship with that label had become strained, leading to his quitting IRS and reactivating his own label, Numa Records, on which he had released his work from 1984 until 1986. He continued to release albums on that label, before closing it down permanently after Sacrifice.
Overview
Musically, Machine + Soul continued the synth-rock/funk style of Metal Rhythm and Outland; in fact, the two Prince covers, "U Got the Look" and "1999" (the latter of which was relegated to B-side status), were recorded during the Outland sessions and at one point were set for inclusion on that album. Like Outland, Machine + Soul features movie vocal samples (for example, a line from Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory can be heard at the beginning of the album). However, Numan strove for a much more commercial sound with Machine + Soul, influenced by the work of Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis as well as by Prince. A decade after Machine + Soul'''s release, Numan had little difficulty describing his feelings for the album:
Numan stated that reflecting on the album and its reception almost convinced him to retire from the music industry altogether.
Numan later said that in 1993, "Nothing was right...That music, those clothes, that haircut. Imagine falling off a ship in the ocean, knowing if you stop swimming you're finished. That's what I was doing then. I was trying not to die."Machine + Soul peaked at No. 42 on the UK album charts. Three singles were released from the album: "Emotion", which did not chart; "The Skin Game", which peaked at No. 68; and the title track, which peaked at No. 72.
Over a year after the album's release, Numan embarked on the 14-date "Dream Corrosion Tour" of October–November 1993, from which the live album Dream Corrosion was released. Recorded at the Hammersmith Apollo, London on 6 November 1993, and released in August 1994, Dream Corrosion reached only #86 on the UK Album charts, however, it has been cited as the template with which Numan relaunched his career, preparing him for his return-to-form album Sacrifice in 1994. With Sacrifice, Numan dispensed with the dance rhythms and female backing vocals, in favour of a back-to-basics approach, more introspective lyrics, and a darker musical sound.
Three songs from Machine + Soul (the title track, "Emotion" and "U Got the Look") were included on the 1996 remix album, Techno Army featuring Gary Numan.Machine + Soul was reissued in 1998 in the US and 1999 in the UK. The album's original sleeve was discarded for both releases. Both editions featured entirely new covers, utilizing photographs from Numan's Metal Rhythm'' era.
Track listing
All tracks are written by Gary Numan except where noted.
All timings are approximate and will vary slightly with different equipment.
1992 Numa CD release (NUMACD 1009)
"Machine + Soul" – 5:57
"Generator" (Numan, Kipper) – 6:08
"The Skin Game" – 6:23
"Poison" – 5:02
"I Wonder" – 4:28
"Emotion" – 5:31
"Cry" – 4:45
"U Got the Look" (Prince) – 3:57
"Love Isolation" – 4:38
1993 Numa 'Extended' CD release (NUMACDX 1009)
"Machine + Soul" - 7:33 (titled 'Mix 3' on the "Machine + Soul" CD single)
"Generator" (Numan, Kipper) - 9:51
"The Skin Game" - 7:41 (titled 'Lycra Mix' on "The Skin Game" 12" single)
"Poison" - 6:39
"I Wonder" - 6:33
"Emotion" - 8:00
"Cry" - 7:31
"U Got The Look" (Prince) - 3:57
"Love Isolation" - 6:30
"Dark Mountain" - 3:09
"The Hauntings" - 4:06
"In a Glasshouse" - 4:12
"Hanoi" - 2:03
1999 Cleopatra U.S. CD reissue (CLP 0541-2)
"Machine + Soul" – 5:57
"Generator" (Numan, Kipper) – 6:08
"The Skin Game" – 6:23
"Poison" – 5:02
"I Wonder" – 4:28
"Emotion" – 5:31
"Cry" – 4:45
"U Got the Look" (Prince) – 3:57
"Love Isolation" – 4:38
"Hanoi" - 2:03
"In A Glasshouse" - 4:12
"Wonder Eye" - 4:04
"Cry Baby" - 4:21
"The Hauntings" - 4:06
"1999" (Prince) - 4:56
"Dark Mountain" - 3:09
1999 Eagle Records UK CD reissue (EAMCD075)
"Machine + Soul" – 5:57
"Generator" (Numan, Kipper) – 6:08
"The Skin Game" – 6:23
"Poison" – 5:02
"I Wonder" – 4:28
"Emotion" – 5:31
"Cry" – 4:45
"U Got the Look" (Prince) – 3:57
"Love Isolation" – 4:38
"Hanoi" - 2:03
"Dark Mountain" - 3:09
"The Hauntings" - 4:06
"1999" (Prince) - 4:56
"Cry Baby" - 4:21
"Wonder Eye" - 4:04
Notes
"Wonder Eye" and "Cry Baby" are demo versions of "I Wonder" and "Cry" respectively.
Some pressings of both the Numa CD releases (those that state on the inner rim 'Made In The UK By PDO') suffered from CD rot.
Personnel
Gary Numan: Vocals, Keyboards, Guitar
Kipper: Guitars, Keyboards on Tracks 1,2,4,5,6,9
Mike Smith: Keyboards on Tracks 1,3,6,7,8
Keith Beauvais: Guitars on Tracks 3,7,8
Ade Orange: Keyboards on Track 3
Susie Webb: Backing Vocals on Tracks 1,2,4,5,6,9
Zoe Nicholas: Backing Vocals on Tracks 1,2,4,5,6,9
Jackie Rawe: Backing Vocals on Tracks 3,7
Cathy Odgen: Backing Vocals on Track 8
References
[ Allmusic]
Category:Gary Numan albums
Category:1992 albums
Category:Albums produced by Kipper (musician) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Buried Treasure (story arc)
Buried Treasure is the fifth story arc from the second season of Rocky and His Friends. It was broadcast on ABC during the 1960–1961 television season.
Notes
This was the only "Rocky and Bullwinkle" storyline to feature Boris Badenov without Natasha Fatale (though Boris would often appear without her in the Bullwinkle's Corner, Mr. Know-it-All, and Rocky and Bullwinkle Fan Club segments).
In order to combat poor news paper sales Colonel McCorn Pone announces a treasure hunt for the "Picayune Pot" a useless brass trophy stuffed with one million confederate dollars which is merely a token to be taken back to the colonel to win a 1910 Stearns-Knight Roadster. Rocky & Bullwinkle and the rest of the citizens search for the pot, which leaves Frostbite Falls covered in holes. But during the search, Bullwinkle accidentally hits an oil pipe line, and is no longer allowed to take part in the hunt. But at the same time, Boris leads three gangsters known as the "Light Fingered Five Minus Two" with a plan to rob the Frostbite Falls Bank, so it's up to Rocky and Bullwinkle to foil Boris' crime and get back the money.
Episode segments
Episode 1
Buried Treasure
Fractured Fairy Tales: The Frog Prince
Bullwinkle's Corner: "Thanksgiving Day"
Peabody's Improbable History: Scotland Yard
A Tisket a Casket or The Bury Box
Episode 2
The Bank Busters or The Great Vaults
Aesop and Son: The Fox and the Owl
Mr. Know-It-All: How To Travel Through the West
Peabody's Improbable History: John Holland
Sweet Violence or The Yegg and I
Episode 3
Many a Thousand Gone or The Haul of Fame
Fractured Fairy Tales: The Golden Goose
Fan Club: Bring a Friend Next Time
Dudley Do-Right: Saw Mill
Down To Earth or Me and My Shatter
Episode 4
Hop Skip and Junk or Bullwinkle's Big Tow
Fractured Fairy Tales: Son of Rumplestilstskin
Bullwinkle's Corner: "Sing a Song of Sixpence"
Peabody's Improbable History: Louis XVI
Bucks for Boris or The Green Paper Caper
Episode 5
When Moose Meets Moose or Two's a Crowd
Aesop and Son: The Hound and the Wolf
Mr. Know-It-All: How to Sell the Encyclopedia Door to Door
Peabody's Improbable History: Francisco Pizzaro
The Midnight Chew-Chew or This Gum For Hire
Episode 6
Boris Badenov and His Friends?
Fractured Fairy Tales: The Elves and the Shoemaker
Fan Club: How To Sell Fan Club Cookies
Peabody's Improbable History: Daniel Boone
Bars of Steal or The Hard Cell
Episode 7
Subway Finish or An Underground Round
Fractured Fairy Tales: Speeding Beauty
Bullwinkle's Corner: "How To Be Happy" (Boris reading)
Dudley Do-Right: Finding Gold
The Last Edition or Five-Scar Final
External links
Rocky and Bullwinkle Episode Guide at Toontracker
The Bullwinkle Show at TV.com
Rocky and His Friends at IMDB
Category:The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends episodes
Category:1960 American television episodes
Category:1961 American television episodes | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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National Cemetery of the Alleghenies
The National Cemetery of the Alleghenies covers in Cecil Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania approximately southwest of Pittsburgh.
The cemetery was dedicated on October 9, 2005 by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs' National Cemetery Administration and is one of the newest cemeteries in the National Cemetery system. The first burials took place on August 15, 2005. It was constructed on farmland and contains a small farm cemetery with graves dating to the late 18th Century. When fully completed, it will provide over 100,000 burial spaces. The cemetery spans of land and is open to visitors daily from sunrise to sunset.
See also
List of Pennsylvania cemeteries
United States Department of Veterans Affairs
United States National Cemetery
References
External links
Category:United States national cemeteries
Category:Buildings and structures in Washington County, Pennsylvania
Category:Cemeteries in Pennsylvania
Category:Tourist attractions in Washington County, Pennsylvania | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Cleveland Home for Aged Colored People
Eliza Bryant Village, formerly named the Cleveland Home For Aged Colored People, is located at 7201 Wade Park Ave. in Cleveland Ohio.
It was once located at 4807 Cedar Avenue in Cleveland, Ohio, an historic building built in the early 1900s as a residential facility for elderly black people.
The home was founded by Eliza Bryant, a woman who was active in welcoming African Americans migrating to Cleveland from southern states. In her work, she learned that elderly African Americans were often left alone as a result of slavery. With the help of Sarah Green and Lethia Flemming, she began in 1893 to establish a home for the elderly. The home opened on August 11, 1897. The Cedar Avenue building operated as a 19-bed facility from 1914 through 1967, when the board made the decision to move to a larger 47-bed facility at 1380 Addison Road. The home had been renamed in 1960 to the Eliza Bryant Home for the Aged in recognition of its founder. The Addison Road facility was becoming increasingly expensive to maintain, so the board made the decision to rebuild in the inner city. In 1985, the new Eliza Bryant Center was opened.
The historic building on Cedar Avenue is now owned and operated by Fresh Start, Inc., as Fresh Start Halfway House for men who are recovering from substance abuse. It also provides a 12-week after-care program.
On December 17, 1982, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places
See also
List of Registered Historic Places in Cleveland, Ohio
References
Category:Central, Cleveland
Category:Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Ohio
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Cleveland, Ohio
Category:Houses in Cleveland
Category:African-American history in Cleveland
Category:1897 establishments in Ohio
Category:Organizations established in 1897 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
David Clunie
David Clunie (born 16 March 1948 in Edinburgh) is a Scottish former professional footballer who played for Hearts, Berwick Rangers and St Johnstone.
Clunie scored 8 goals for Hearts, mainly from penalty kicks. He was bought from Salveson Boys Club on 1 December 1964 and ended his stint with Hearts on 1 May 1977. After a year with St Johnstone, he retired.
Clunie represented the Scottish League once, in 1969. He also played twice for the Scotland under-23 team.
References
External links
Category:1948 births
Category:Living people
Category:Scottish footballers
Category:Footballers from Edinburgh
Category:Association football fullbacks
Category:Heart of Midlothian F.C. players
Category:Berwick Rangers F.C. players
Category:St Johnstone F.C. players
Category:Scottish Football League players
Category:Scottish Football League representative players
Category:Scotland under-23 international footballers | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Herbert D. Spivack
Herbert D. Spivack was a career American diplomat who served in Persia, Burma, Cambodia, and Bangladesh.
Early life
Spivack was born on October 1917. He completed his B.A. and M.A. from New York University in 1937. He completed his graduate work at Columbia University and the Pennsylvania State College. He joined the Foreign Service in 1945.
Career
Spivack was the consular officer in Tehran, Persia from 1945 to 1947. From 1947 to 1949, he was the political officer at the United States Embassy in Rangoon, Burma. From 1950 to 1954, he was the economic affairs advisor in Paris, France. Spivack served as a deputy chief of mission from 1962 to 1965 in the United States Embassy in Cambodia. He was for a brief time as the Chargé d'Affaires of the United States Embassy in Cambodia. From 1965 to 1969, he was the economic consular of the United States Embassy in New Delhi, India.
Spivack served as the Chargé d'Affaires(ad interim) of the Embassy of the United States, Dhaka in Bangladesh from May 1972 to October 1972. The United States recognized Bangladesh as an Independent country on 5 April 1975 after the end of Bangladesh Liberation war in 1971. Spivack was the principal diplomatic officer of the United States in Dhaka and the top diplomat at the Dhaka consulate during the war. He was recalled to Washington D.C. for consultations and was asked by President Richard Nixon to convey the recognition of the United States to President Sheikh Mujibur Rahman of Bangladesh. On 18 May `972 the US consulate in Dhaka was upgraded to a full embassy under Spivack. From 1974 to 1975, he was the U.S. Consul General in Munich, Germany.
Death
Spivack died on November 12, 2004 in San Francisco, California, United States. His body was cremated and his ashes were scarred in the San Francisco bay.
References
Category:1917 births
Category:2004 deaths
Category:Ambassadors of the United States to Bangladesh
Category:New York University alumni | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Sławomir Drabik
Sławomir Drabik (born 6 February 1966 in Jawor, Poland) is a Polish speedway rider who has won 1996 Team World Champion title.
Drabik was second in the 2003 Individual European Championship and 2007 European Pairs Championship. He was permanent rider of 1997 Speedway Grand Prix.
He gained his Speedway licence in 1984.
World Final Appearances
1992 - Wrocław, Olympic Stadium - 9th - 6pts
Speedway Grand Prix results
Speedway World Team Cup
1996 - Winner - 27pts (12)
European Championships
Individual European Championship:
2003 - 2nd - 12pts + 2pts
2005 - 16th - 1pt
European Pairs Championship:
2007 - 2nd - 22pts (9)
Polish Domestic competitions
Individual Polish Championship:
1991 - Winner
1996 - Winner
1997 - 2nd
Polish U-21 Championship:
1986 - 3rd
Poland Golden Helmet:
1991 - Winner
See also
Poland speedway team
List of Speedway Grand Prix riders
References
External links
(pl) Official website
Category:1966 births
Category:Living people
Category:Polish speedway riders
Category:Polish speedway champions
Category:Poole Pirates riders
Category:People from Jawor
Category:Sportspeople from Lower Silesian Voivodeship | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
INCA (singer)
INCA (born Fabien Incardona in May 18, 1985 at Six-Fours-les-Plages, France), is a French singer.
Biography
Fabien Incardona studied acting and singing at age 8. He was on stages with bands and was candidate in 2006 at the french Eurovision Song Contest and finished second behind Virginie Pouchain.
In 2007, Fabien joined the musical Roméo et Juliette, les enfants de Vérone by Gérard Presgurvic in France and on tour in Asia.
In 2011, he moved to Paris and became the singer of the band Gravity off. An EP has been released and the band made concerts in Paris.
In January 2014, Fabien participated at The Voice: la plus belle voix. He is not chosen by the jury but his cover from Kate Bush gave him the opportunity to make his first solo EP Change with the help of 201 producers on MyMajorCompany.
In October 2014, Fabien was candidate at Rising Star (TV series) during two shows.
In 2015, the producer Dove Attia (Mozart, l'opéra rock, 1789: Les Amants de la Bastille) offered him the role of Maleagant in the musical La Légende du roi Arthur with Florent Mothe, Charlie Boisseau, Zaho, and Camille Lou in Paris and on tour through France, Belgium, and Switzerland. With his voice and his performance Fabien is acclaimed by French newspapers.
In 2017, Fabien Incardona changed his stage name to INCA. His new album Je vivrai is edited with 12 tracks with the favor of a crowdfunding.
In September 2018, INCA edited a new EP Je me sens vivant.. He'll play the main part of the show Siddharta in Paris starting on November 2019<ref>Rencontre avec Inca à l'occasion de la sortie de son Ep, actuanews.fr, 13 September 2018</ref>.
Discography
2013 : Dust to Rise with the band Gravity off, EP
2014 : Change, EP
2017 : Je vivrai 2018 : Je me sens vivant, EP
Participation
2015 : La Légende du roi Arthur Musicals
2007-2010 : Roméo et Juliette, les enfants de Vérone by Gérard Presgurvic, dir Redha - Asia, Palais des Congrès de Paris
2015-2016 : La Légende du roi Arthur by Dove Attia - Palais des Congrès de Paris, tour
2019-2020 : Siddhartha l’Opéra Rock'' by David Clément-Bayard and Antoine Markus - Dôme de Paris
Award
Nomination
NRJ Music Award 2015 : Francophone Duo/Group of the Year
References
External links
Official Site
Category:Living people
Category:1985 births
Category:French male singers
Category:French rock music
Category:French male musical theatre actors | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Pedro de Ángelis
Pedro de Ángelis (1784–1859) was a Neapolitan journalist, historian and politician. He had an outstanding performance in Argentina where he founded the newspaper El Lucero.
Biography
He was born in Naples, the son of Domenico de Ángelis and Juliet de Rossi, belonging to a noble Italian family. He served in the Napoleonic armies during the French occupation of Naples. He visited and then resided in some European cities, including Paris and Geneva, where he possibly met his wife, the Swiss Mélanie Dayet.
In 1827, he arrived in Buenos Aires where he was in charge of the Imprenta del Estado, and founded several newspapers, among them El Conciliador and El Lucero. From his editorials he supported the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas. In 1833, he published El Restaurador de las Leyes.
He traveled to Rio de Janeiro after the fall of the Rosas government, returning to Argentina shortly after. In 1858, he was appointed as Consul General of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies before the Argentine Confederation.
Pedro de Ángelis was a member of the Société de Géographie of Paris, the Royal Geographical Society of London, the Massachusetts Historical Society and American Philosophical Society. He was related to the main writers of the time like Jean Charles Léonard de Sismondi, a personal friend.
Among his best works is included Colección de Obras y Documentos relativos a la Historia Antigua y Moderna de las Provincias del Río de la Plata, a book of several volumes on Argentine history from the beginning of colonization to the Revolution of May, and the Declaration of Independence.
References
Category:1784 births
Category:1859 deaths
Category:Italian emigrants to Argentina
Category:People from Buenos Aires
Category:Argentine journalists
Category:Italian male journalists | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Willem Kloos
Willem Johannes Theodorus Kloos (; 6 May 1859 – 31 March 1938) was a nineteenth-century Dutch poet and literary critic. He was one of the prominent figures of the Movement of Eighty and became editor in chief of De Nieuwe Gids after the editorial fracture in 1893. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature five times.
Biography
Kloos was one of the leaders, along with the poet Herman Gorter, the critic Lodewijk van Deyssel, and the prolific writer and psychiatrist Frederik van Eeden, of the influential group of Dutch writers known as the Movement of Eighty (Beweging van Tachtig), otherwise known simply as the Tachtigers, who interacted and worked with each other in Amsterdam in the 1880s. As part of this movement, Kloos criticized mainstream literary style as bookish and overly wrought, and instead sought to write poetry in which the form matched the content, so that intimate experiences should be conveyed with a natural intimacy of expression. Kloos also rejected art that sought to express widely shared experiences or emotions. Instead, he demanded that art must be "the most individualistic expression of the most individualistic emotion" ("de allerindividueelste expressie van de allerindividueelste emotie"). Along with the other Tachtigers, Kloos took inspiration in this effort both from Shakespeare and from the then recent Impressionist painters and Naturalist writers.
The Tachtigers' primary literary vehicle was a journal co-founded by Kloos called De Nieuwe Gids (The New Guide), first published in October 1885. The title was intended as a sarcastic anti-tribute to the prevailing literary journal in Amsterdam, De Gids (The Guide), which had usually rejected submissions by Kloos and other Tachtigers. Many pieces by Kloos and others that are still very highly regarded first appeared in the early editions of De Nieuwe Gids, including most of Kloos's sonnets, his most important idiom. However, the Tachtigers had one falling out after another, until Kloos was left in 1893 as the only remaining editor from among the original five editors of De Nieuwe Gids.
Although he published most of his material over several years starting in 1885 in De Nieuwe Gids, Kloos had actually written most prolifically between 1880 and 1885, and had held onto most of his poems for years before publishing them. He claimed to have lost inspiration to write later in life, and indeed almost all the writings for which he is remembered today were written during that period from 1880 to 1885, even if published later.
Starting in 1888 Kloos sought psychiatric treatment from his Tachtiger friend and fellow editor at The New Guide, and psychiatrist, Frederik van Eeden. However, Kloos's mental condition deteriorated, at least partly due to his persistent effort to conceal his homosexuality, and to his increasing alcoholism. He reached his nadir in 1895 when he was picked up in a delirious state and placed temporarily in a sanitarium. He continued trying to write thereafter, although his efforts consisted of little more than ramblings of self-pity and bitter diatribes against one-time friends turned traitors. However, even while Kloos's ongoing efforts were largely ignored, his early works continued to gain an ever-wider appreciation, eventually earning him several literary honors and prizes. Kloos died in The Hague in 1938 at 79, after watching his early writings become part of the canon of Dutch literature.
References
External links
Category:1859 births
Category:1938 deaths
Category:Dutch male poets
Category:Writers from Amsterdam
Category:Dutch literary critics | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Bouke de Vries
Bouke de Vries is a London-based Dutch artist specializing in Ceramic art and porcelain.
Education
Born in Utrecht, Netherlands, Bouke de Vries studied at the Design Academy Eindhoven, and Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design, London. He has worked with John Galliano, Stephen Jones and Zandra Rhodes before retraining in ceramics conservation and restoration, a skill that is integral to his recently developed artistic practice." At first, de Vries made a steady living as a private conservator fixing broken pieces, sometimes working on pieces that weren't even worth the cost of fixing, in which cases many clients would leave him with the pieces. This devaluation of art began to bother him, ultimately causing him to change careers. Bouke de Vries was one of London's leading ceramic conservators – then he began making sculptures from broken china and porcelain and became an instant darling of collectors. He was soon picked up by Kay Saatchi for the 2009 Murmurart show at Selfridges where he sold all three selected works including "NO NO NO," his reflection on late singer Amy Winehouse. It was at this show that the piece sold to art collector Anita Zabludowicz, wife of Poju Zabludowicz.
Works
His series of works based on Mao Zedong are heavily rooted in his Dutch background. "Mao is the only 20th century dictator who is still un-toppled despite being the one who was responsible for more millions of deaths of his own people than all the others put together. The series uses 1960s Cultural Revolution cult-of-personality porcelain busts and statues." Bouke states that his thousands of hand made skulls are "meant to represent the millions who died because of his whims." Although his inspiration largely comes from nature and spirituality, when it comes to Mao there is a different energy surrounding his pieces. "The skulls also remind us that we too will die…of course we all turn to dust in the end, but earthly pleasures kick against this inevitability. Art is one way in which we can outlive our own mortality, it lives on after us."
As his career change away from the fashion world took root, "he was regularly offered pieces given up by their owners that, despite the traces of their use, had not lost any of their original charm." In his 'exploded' works, he takes advantage of the leftover characteristics and charm of these pieces. Instead of attempting to erase the traces of use and damage, he elaborates on it, so that these works gain a new lease of life. They become still-lives permeated with a 'Vanitas' character: a popular theme with many contemporaries of the 17th century ceramists who made these objects.
In June 2011 he collaborated with jewellery designer Annoushka Ducas for Precious. This month-long exhibit displayed 10 exploded art works by Bouke de Vries incorporating jewellery by Annoushka Ducas. He created these sculptures from reclaimed broken ceramics. Arriving on the aspects of nature and spirituality which inform the pieces and, adorning them with butterfly and dragonfly pendants, garnets, pearls as well as drusy stone, proved an organic, free-form process for Bouke and Annoushka. "There was no brief,” concedes Annoushka. “As we started to work together, I discovered there were a lot of elements present in Annoushka’s work that are also present in mine, such as butterfly and dragonfly motifs – so it was a good fit,” adds Bouke.
Inspiration
In an interview by Pallant House Gallery, de Vries was quoted saying, "We all carry around a mental compendium of things that inspire us. I'm inspired by the broken and discarded ceramic objects I find. They suggest situations, connections, compositions, which I then translate into sculptures." Bouke describes his style as, "Reconstruction meets deconstruction." When asked who has influenced him most the artist replied, "The wonderfully eclectic exhibitions put on by Axel Vervoordt at the Palazzo Fortuny in Venice were inspiring." When about his artwork by Another Magazine Bouke said, "I feel like the medium of sculpture chose me because my artwork grew from my work as a ceramics conservator, except I deconstruct rather than reconstruct, giving new life to the discarded and the rejected."
See also
Ceramic art
Porcelain
Mao Zedong
References
External links
Bouke de Vries Website
Category:Living people
Category:Dutch ceramists
Category:Dutch women ceramists
Category:Artists from Utrecht
Category:Design Academy Eindhoven alumni
Category:Date of birth missing (living people)
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | {
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Nieuw Verlaat metro station
Nieuw Verlaat is a station on Line B of the Rotterdam Metro and is situated in the Zevenkamp neighbourhood of Rotterdam.
Category:Rotterdam Metro | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Mohinder Kaur Josh
Mohinder Kaur Josh is an Indian politician from the state of Punjab .Daughter of Veteran politician S.Arjun Singh Josh.
Constituency
Josh represents the Sham Chaurasi Assembly Constituency of Punjab and is a three term Member of the Punjab Legislative Assembly.
Political Party
Josh is a member of Shiromani Akali Dal.
Controversy
Josh's nephew Ravi Sher Singh, was booked for culpable homicide and attempt to murder for mowing down two girls and injuring another with his vehicle.
References
External links
PUNJAB LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY
Chief Parliamentary Secretaries
Category:People from Punjab, India
Category:Shiromani Akali Dal politicians
Category:Living people
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
P.T.T.E.
P.T.T.E. are a Bandy club from Hungary. They are among the best two or three clubs in the country and won the 2005/2006 Hungarian bandy cup against five other teams, beating the Budapest Rangers' first team 7-2 in the final.
External links
Bandy cup 05/06 on Budapest rangers club website.
Category:Bandy clubs in Hungary | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Agave phillipsiana
Agave phillipsiana is a rare species of flowering plant in the asparagus family known by the common names Grand Canyon century plant and Phillips agave. It is endemic to Arizona in the United States, where it lives only in Grand Canyon National Park.
This plant forms one or more rosettes of large lance-shaped green to gray-green leaves with teeth along the edges and spines at the tips. The leaf blades grow up to 78 centimeters long by 11 wide. The flowering stalk grows up to 5.5 meters tall. The branching inflorescence has clusters of many flowers each 7 or 8 centimeters wide or more which are greenish and cream-colored with hints of maroon. Long stamens protrude from the flower corollas.
There are four occurrences of this plant, all within Grand Canyon National Park, where they grow on terraces next to rivers. Some occurrences are in locations inhabited by indigenous peoples long ago, who may have farmed the plant and selected it for its ease of propagation and harvest.
The plant's numbers are low but it grows in rugged terrain in a national park, which may protect it somewhat from human threats.
References
External links
USDA Plants Profile
The Nature Conservancy
phillipsiana
Category:Flora of Arizona
Category:Endemic flora of the United States
Category:Natural history of the Grand Canyon
Category:Natural history of Coconino County, Arizona
Category:Plants described in 2001 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Amina Hanim
Amina Hanim (; ; 1770 – 1824) was the first princess consort of Muhammad Ali of Egypt, the first monarch of the Muhammad Ali dynasty.
Early life
Amina Hanim was born in 1770 at Nusratli, Rumeli Eyalet. She was the daughter of Nusretli Ali Agha, the governor of Kavala, and relative of the Chorbashi. She had two brothers, Mustafa Pasha, and Ali Pasha, and three sisters, Maryam Hanim, Pakiza Hanim, and Ifat Hanim.
Amina Hanim had been earlier legally married to Ali Bey. However, the marriage was not consummated because her husband had died hefore the pair had cohabited.
Marriage
Amina Hanim married Muhammad Ali of Egypt in 1787, long before he became the Viceroy of Egypt, and rising to the rank of Pasha. She gave birth to four sons who survived to adulthood, Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, Ahmad Tusun Pasha, Isma'il Kamil Pasha, Abd al-Halim Bey, and two daughters, Tawhida Hanim, and Khadija Nazli Hanim. Muhammad Ali had a fondness for her, and treated her with respect.
Amina Hanim didn't accompanied Muhammd Ali to Egypt, and after his appointment as viceroy in 1805, she and her daughters resided for a period of some two years in Istanbul, where they became thoroughly acquainted with imperial palace culture. Upon her arrival, and installation in the harem of the Citadel Palace in Cairo, in 1808, Amina Hanim became estranged from Muhammad Ali, due to the many slave concubines he had acquired.
In 1814, Amina Hanim made a pilgrimage, processing from Jeddah to Mecca with a train of 500 camels carrying her servants, entourage, and goods. She was met by Muhammad Ali at Mina, a stage in the pilgrimage, in a public acknowledgment of her status as first consort. Due to the grandeur of her train and guard, and the sumptuous of her tent, the local inhabitants are said to have called her "the Queen of the Nile."
Death
Amina Hanim died in 1824, and was buried at Hosh al-Basha, the mausoleum of Imam-i Shafi'i in Cairo.
See also
Muhammad Ali Dynasty family tree
References
Sources
Category:Year of birth unknown
Category:1824 deaths
Category:Burials in Egypt
Category:Muhammad Ali dynasty
Category:Egyptian princesses | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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El Intocable
René "Ricky" Gómez Espinoza (born September 9, 1976 in Mexico City, D. F.), better known under the ring name El Intocable, is a Mexican professional wrestler, actor, and model, best known for his work in Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA) from 1997 until his departure in 2008. He also played the role of Gaspar on the Mexican telenovella Duelo de Pasiones.
Professional wrestling career
Early in his career he was trained by the head trainers of Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA); Gran Apache, Panchito Villalobos, Hombre Bala, El Torero and Abismo Negro. He debuted in 1997 under the name Valentino and quickly became a heartthrob técnico (wrestler who portrays the "good guys").
Spice Boy Randy (1999–2000)
In 1999, AAA owner Antonio Peña created the group Los Spice Boys that consisted of Billy Boy, Alan, and Gomez. The group's goal was to have an all-male stripper team that would compete in atomico matches again main stay rudos like Los Payasos. The group, however, disbanded in 2000 with Billy Boy and Alan forming Los Barrio Boys with fellow AAA worker Decnis.
Randy El Stripper (2001–2002)
In 2001 Peña repackaged Gomez into a wrestler/stripper named Randy. During this time Gomez had a long feud with El Texano, whose hair he won twice, once in 2002 and another time in 2004.
Intocable (2003-present)
In 2003 Pena finally found a heartthrob role that could be possible with Gomez and repackaged him as El Intocable (English for "The Untouchable"). In 2005 he teamed up with then AAA tecnicos El Zorro and Electroshock to feud with AAA rudos Juventud Guerrera, Mr. Aguila, and Charly Manson (also known as Xteam). Later on that year during a match between him and Mr. Aguila (which also included Alan Stone, Antifaz del Norte, Psicosis, and Charly Manson), Manson distracted Intocable during the match and Psicosis nailed Gomez in the back which caused Gomez to have a broken neck that had to be surgically repaired, he was out of action for a total of nine and a half months. In late 2005, after returning from injury Intocable began a long feud with Alan Stone who was acting like his rudo-double. Alan claimed that Intocable stole his look and that he wanted it back. At Rey de Reyes, Alan and Intocable had a two out three falls match that went to a no contest after fellow Guapos V.I.P. member Shocker interfered in the match. A couple of months later at Triplemanía XIV, Gomez, El Angel, Octagón, and Vampiro defeated Stone, Scorpio, Jr, Shocker, and Zumbido. In September of that same year at Verano de Escalando, Gomez, Zorro, Brazo de Plata, and El Oriental lost to Stone, Hator, Scorpio, Jr, and Zumbido. To end the year off at Guerra de Titanes (2006), Gomez and Brazo de Plata lost to Stone and Scorpio Jr. Plata lost his hair after the match because he was the last wrestler to touch all six turnbuckles.
During a match in 2007, Gomez teamed up with Super Fly, Xtreme Tiger, and El Alebrije against Los Guapos V.I.P. he was targeted by all Guapos members which caused them to lose the match after they argued on who would face Intocable, this caused Super Caló and Stone to be beaten by Scorpio Jr and Zumbido. During the beatdown on Los Bellos Stones Intocable came back to the ring after hesitation and stopped Scorpio and Zumbido from doing anymore damage to Stone. Caló tried helping Stone back on his feet only to get kicked by Intocable. He then carried a bloody Stone back to the locker room thus causing and Stone to become technicos. After Guapos VIP brought in Decnis, Intocable joined Los Bellos Stone and feuded with Guapos VIP for the rest of the year that ended at Guerra de Titanes (2007) after Los Bellos Stones defeated Guapos VIP in a Steel Cage Match Luchas de Apuestas with Scorpio getting his head shaved after being the last man to escape the cage. After Caló and a lot more luchadors departed from AAA Intocable was teamed up with Stone, Plata, and El Elegido in the group Idolos de AAA who were a bunch of luchadors fighting for the pride of AAA from Konnan and La Legión Extranjera. During the feud he competed in two Domo De La Muerte matches, surviving both of them without having his hair cut off. In late 2008, after 11 years in the company he departed from AAA on good terms with the company to pursue other careers. in 2017 he announced that he would participate in the 30 man Ruleta Rusa at Triplemanía XXV.
Television career
Gomez played the role of "Gaspar" on the Mexican telenovella Duelo de Pasiones broadcast from April 17, 2006 to October 27, 2006 on Televisa.
Luchas de Apuestas record
Notes
References
Category:1976 births
Category:Living people
Category:Male actors from Mexico City
Category:Mexican male professional wrestlers
Category:Mexican male telenovela actors
Category:Professional wrestlers from Mexico City | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Birch bark letter no. 292
The birch bark letter given the document number 292 is the oldest known document in any Finnic language. The document is dated to the beginning of the 13th century. It was found in 1957 by a Soviet expedition led by Artemiy Artsikhovsky in the Nerevsky excavation on the left coast side of Novgorod. It is currently in Novgorod City Museum.
The language used in the document is thought to be an archaic form of Livvi-Karelian, the language spoken in Olonets Karelia, although the exact form is difficult to determine, as Finnic dialects were only developing during that period.
Transcription
The text is written in Cyrillic in the Karelian dialect of the archaic Finnic language. A transcription of the text is as follows:
юмолануолиїнимижи
ноулисѣханолиомобоу
юмоласоудьнииохови
Interpretations
By Yuri Yeliseyev
The text, as transliterated to the Latin alphabet by Yuri Yeliseyev in 1959 and interpreted in modern Finnish:
In English, this means roughly the following:
Yeliseyev believes, that this is an invocation against lightning, as evidenced by "ten your names" construction. According to superstitious notions, knowledge of the name gives a human the magic power over an object or phenomenon.
By Martti Haavio
As the orthography used does not utilize spaces between words, the source text can be transcribed into words in different ways. Martti Haavio gives a different interpretation of the text in his 1964 article, suggesting, that this is a sort of an oath:
In modern Finnish, this means roughly the following:
In modern Estonian, this means roughly the following:
In English, this means roughly the following:
By Yevgeny Khelimsky
Professor Yevgeny Khelimsky in his 1986 work criticizes Haavio's interpretation and gives the third known scientific interpretation, believing the letter to be an invocation, like Yeliseyev:
A translation into Finnish of this interpretation would look something like this:
In English, it means roughly the following:
†Syyttö-Jumala could also mean "Blaming God" or "God that blames"; modern Finnish syyttää = to blame or prosecute.
See also
Käymäjärvi Inscriptions
References
Sources
Jelisejev, J. S. Vanhin itämerensuomalainen kielenmuistomerkki, Virittäjä-lehti 1961: 134
Jelisejev, J. S. Itämerensuomalaisia kielenmuistomerkkejä (Zusammenfassung: Ostseefinnische Sprachdenkmäler), Virittäjä-lehti 1966: 296
Martti Haavio The Letter on Birch-Bark No. 292, Journal of the Folklore Institute, 1964.
Haavio, Martti, Tuohikirje n:o 292. Vanha suomalaisen muinaisuskonnon lähde, Virittäjä-lehti 1964: 1
External links
Birch bark letter no. 292 (includes a photo and references) - at the website on Russian birch bark letters
Tuohikirje 292
Vielä kerran itämerensuomen vanhimmista muistomerkeistä - with resume
Category:Finnic languages
Category:Novgorod Republic
Category:Earliest known manuscripts by language
Category:Uralic inscriptions
Category:History of Novgorod Oblast
Category:Incantation | {
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Melejdy
Melejdy () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sępopol, within Bartoszyce County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It lies approximately north-east of Sępopol, north-east of Bartoszyce, and north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.
References
Melejdy | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Guitares au Palais
The Guitares au Palais is an annual guitar-oriented music festival in the Palace of the Kings of Majorca in Perpignan, Pyrénées-Orientales, France, which began in 2004. The festival focuses on folk, gypsy music, jazz, and flamenco. On the third day there is an additional program with a focus on indie rock related artists. The festival is for free.
The festival is held in the last weekend of August in the Palace and the gardens. The festival's art director is Pedro Soler and opens the stage to an eclectic stream of guitar enthusiasts with performances in traditional acoustic guitar, flamenco, classical music, gypsy music, pop music and jazz.
International guests includes the Rosenberg Trio, Tekamali and Paco Ibáñez in 2004, Montserrat Figueras, Rolf Lislevand and Manolo Sanlucar in 2005, The National and Sergio Lopez in 2006, Caetano Veloso in 2007, and the Rumberos Catalans, Bernardo Sandoval, Peter Finger and Aaron and Bryce Dessner in 2008. The 2009 edition was curated by Vincent Moon and featured a line-up of indie bands playing on the instruments of Yuri Landman. This event was filmed for a documentary by Moon.
References
Category:Music festivals in France | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Giles Ridley
Giles Nicholas Spencer Ridley (born 27 November 1944) is a former English cricketer. Ridley was a right-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox.
Life and career
Giles Ridley was born in Bulawayo, Rhodesia, and educated at Milton High School in Bulawayo before going to Oxford to study Geography at Pembroke College as a Rhodes Scholar.
He made his first-class debut for Oxford University against Gloucestershire in 1965. He made 40 further first-class appearances for the university, the last of which came against Cambridge University in 1968. In his 41 first-class matches for the university, he scored 799 runs at an average of 14.26, with a high score of 50 not out. This score, his only first-class fifty, came against the touring West Indians in 1966. With the ball, he took 121 wickets at a bowling average of 23.87, with best figures of 7/110. These figures, one of two five wicket hauls he took, came against Gloucestershire on debut in 1965. Only Giles Toogood has taken 7 or more wickets in an innings for Oxford University since.
While studying at Pembroke College, Ridley also made single first-class appearance for Kent against Gloucestershire in the 1965 County Championship. He scored 10 runs in the match, but went wicket-less with the ball. Following his final match for the university in 1968, he proceeded to tour Ireland with the Marylebone Cricket Club, playing a single first-class match against Ireland on the tour. He went wicket-less in the Irish first-innings, but took the wicket of Michael Ridley in the Irish second-innings. In the Marylebone Cricket Club's only innings, he scored 9 runs before being dismissed by Dougie Goodwin. In 1969, he joined Oxfordshire, who he made his debut for against Buckinghamshire in the Minor Counties Championship. He played Minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire from 1969 to 1972, making 28 Minor Counties Championship appearances. He made his List A debut against Worcestershire in the 1970 Gillette Cup. In this match, he was dismissed for a duck by Vanburn Holder. He made a further List A appearance for Oxfordshire, against Durham in the 1972 Gillette Cup.
Playing for Oxfordshire allowed him to represent the Minor Counties cricket team, who he made 2 first-class appearances for. The first of these came against the touring Indians in 1971. In this match, he wasn't required to bat in the Minor Counties first-innings, while in their second-innings he scored 35 runs before being dismissed by Ashok Mankad. In the Indians first-innings he took the wicket of Abbas Baig for the cost of 59 runs from 18 overs. The second of these came against the touring Australians in 1972. In this match, he bowled 3 wicket-less in the Australians only innings. With the bat, Ridley scored 6 unbeaten runs in the Minor Counties first-innings, while in their second-innings he scored 30 runs, before being dismissed by John Inverarity. He also played List A cricket for Minor Counties South, making his debut for the team in the 1972 Benson & Hedges Cup against Somerset. He made 3 further appearances in that season's competition. In his 4 matches for the team, he scored 42 runs at an average of 10.50, with a high score of 29. With the ball, he took 2 wickets at an average of 43.00, with best figures of 1/22.
His brother, Christopher, also played first-class cricket for Oxford University.
References
External links
Giles Ridley at ESPNcricinfo
Giles Ridley at CricketArchive
Category:1944 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Bulawayo
Category:Alumni of Pembroke College, Oxford
Category:English cricketers
Category:Oxford University cricketers
Category:Kent cricketers
Category:Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers
Category:Oxfordshire cricketers
Category:Minor Counties cricketers | {
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Labo, Camarines Norte
, officially the , is a in the province of , . According to the , it has a population of people.
Geography
The town of Labo is geographically located relatively at the center of the province of Camarines Norte. It is approximately 335 kilometers south of Manila and 15 kilometers away from Daet, the capital town of the province. It is situated at the coordinates between 14°01'06" and 14°11" North latitudes and 122°21'00" and 122°52'20" East longitudes. On the North, it is bounded by the municipalities of Paracale, Jose Panganiban, and Capalonga, on the South, by the province of Quezon, adjoining province of Camarines Sur, on the East by the municipalities of Vinzons and San Vicente, and on the West by the municipality of Santa Elena. The Maharlika highway links this municipality to provinces and cities of the Bicol Region and the Calabarzon (Region IV-A) region.
Its aggregate land area of 648.84 km² occupies more than 25% of the total land area of the province. Its 52 component barangays represent 18.44% of the total barangays of the province. There are ten (10) classified as urban barangays namely Bagacay, Cabusay, Fundado, Anahaw, Bagong Silang I, Dalas, Gumamela, Kalamunding, Malasugui, Pinya, San Francisco, Talobatib and Tulay na Lupa, and the remaining forty two are considered as rural.
The surface of the municipality is generally rugged, rolling hills and mountainous terrain with relative small rollings and flat terrain. Mt. Cadig (736 meters above sea level), Mt. Labo(1544 meters above sea level), Mt. Bagacay (786 meters above sea level) and Mt. Nalisbitan (265 meters above sea level) form the Southern Cordillera. Boundaries of Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, and Quezon provinces converge on Mt. Labo, which is the highest peak in the province. Mt. Bagacay serves as a boundary between municipalities of Paracale and Labo and it as well guards the municipality from strong north winds especially during typhoons. Mt. Labo, Mt. Bagacay, and Mt. Cadig are the three major known dormant volcanoes in the municipality. The north-west portion of the municipality is greatly affected by 2 major fault and earthquake lines accruing in the province, while other trends affect north-north-west along Mt. Cadig passing through the barangays of Guisican and Bayabas. Like its neighbors, Panganiban and Paracale, there is a vast deposit of gold ore in the mountains of Labo, Camarines Norte. It is believed that Mt. Bagacay hides the treasures of Gen. Yamashita and is the target of both local and foreign treasure hunters and bounty seekers.
Climate
There is no pronounced dry season and maximum rain period from December to January.
Barangays
Labo is politically subdivided into 52 barangays.
Demographics
In the , the population of Labo, Camarines Norte, was people, with a density of .
Climate
Economy
Labo being located at the center of the province
serves as the agricultural center as well as potential investment destination and promotion center for business, trades, and secondary industrial growth center. It is abundant with natural resources such as gold, nickel, iron, magnetite sand, copper, lead and manganese. Most of the provincial water supplies are located at barangay Tulay na Lupa and Lugui which serves seven out of the 12 municipalities. Agriculture is the leading livelihood of the residents of Labo. Due to abundant forest products such as rattan and bamboo, local folks tend to manufacture and market handicrafts.
An area of 390.39 km² (65.17% of municipal's land area) is devoted to agricultural crop production, 343.46 km² of which are coconut plantations. On the other hand, 18.47 km² is used for rice production. Banana production is also popular in the province, followed by Pineapple and Pili.
Tourism is also a good source of income for Labo, being surrounded by freshwater and mountains suitable for hikings.
Other community livelihood follows: pineapple and coco-based processing and preservation, pineapple weaving (Barong), jewelry making and accessories, foods manufacturing and beverages processing, other tourism related industries and wood and bamboo furniture making.
Culture, tradition and folklore
Social traditions and beliefs - It is typical Filipino to be religious. They believe on spirits that affects the daily lives. These beliefs and traditions are passed through generations.
Conception and Giving Birth - A pregnant woman is prohibited to frown or laugh at despicable things for the baby will acquire properties of the despised thing. She is also prohibited to go to isolated places because when a bad spirit sees her, she may give birth too soon.
Baptism - It is important that a baby should be baptized on time. Unbaptized babies are closer to the devil because they are not holy to protect themselves. It is also important that the Godparents of the baby are good individuals because the baby will get such behavior from them.
Courting and Engagement - There are instances that marriage is agreed by the parents while the boy and the girl are still babies. Unknowingly, a woman may have been agreed to be married to a specific man. Most of the time, a man who likes a lady, talks to the lady's parent's to win their approval. The man, helps with the household chores and avoids to do things perfectly, any mistake may mean failure.
These traditions and beliefs are still widely practiced. Despite the growth of modern technologies, almost everybody still believes in luck.
Attractions
Waterfalls
Saltahan Falls - barangay Awitan
Palanas Falls - barangay Pag-asa
Maligaya Falls - barangay Submakin
Binuang Falls - barangay Daguit
Malatap Falls - barangay Malatap
Burok-Busok Falls - barangay Bagong Silang II
Turayog Falls - barangay Fundado
Caves
Mt. Cadig Cave - Located at Mt. Cadig, barangay Bayabas. Along the highway it is 52 km drive from the town proper. From Maharlika highway it can be hiked via barangay Bayabas or barangay Guisican. Hills, trees and rocky slopes hide this cave from view. The cave is composed of several dark compartments of stalactites and stalagmites. This cave is getting attention to become town's priority tourist attraction.
Mambuaya Cave - barangay Fundado
Pintong Gubat
Rivers
Busig-on River
Labo River
Matogdon River
Abasig River - barangay Baay
Sinag-Tala
Recreation and hiking
Saltahan Falls - barangay Awitan
Labo People's Park
Kukod Kabayo Rest Area
Tan-awan / Bilad na Bato - barangay Fundado
Festivals and cultural entertainment
Busig-on Festival
May Festival
Agro-Industrial Fair
Search for "Miss Labo"
Search for "Mr. Labo"
Miss Gay Beauty Pageant
Annual Marian Exhibit and procession - held every 8 September as part of Mary's birthday celebration and the founding anniversary of Labo, an exposition of priceless arts composed of antiques, vintages and new images of Maria the mother of Jesus. The local artisans, camameros and florists of Camarines Norte and Camarines Sur joined together in cooperation with the local government of Labo and the Diocese of Daet for the preparation of this event, from the exhibition ended with Marian procession.
Historical landmarks
Gen. Vicente R. Lukban Landmark
Battle of Tigbinan
Hagdan Bato
Labo Museum
Veteran's Monument
Centennial Monument
Basilio Bautista
Churches
Parish of Saint John The Apostle & Evangelist
Parish of Saint Didacus of Alcala in Bagong Silang
Quasi-Parish of the Holy Family in Talobatib
Holy Trinity College Seminary in Bautista
Saint Cajetan Parish Church Tulay na Lupa
References
Labo - the Hidden Paradise brochure
Jose Ramon B. Lagatuz, Kasaysay - Pamana ng Lahi, Alay sa mga Taga-Labo
Labo Municipal Annual Accomplishment Report
Daloy ng Kasaysayan I
Carlos C. Galvez, contributed the "Ang Epiko ni Busig-on." He is the main contributor of the BUSIG-ON Festival.
External links
Labo at Camarines Norte provincial website
Philippine Standard Geographic Code
Philippine Census Information
Category:Municipalities of Camarines Norte | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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2018 Barcelona Sporting Club season
The 2018 season was Barcelona Sporting Club's 93th in existence and the club's 60th consecutive season in the top flight of Ecuadorian football.
Competitions
Serie A
First stage
Matches
Second stage
Copa Sudamericana
First stage
General Díaz won 2–1 on aggregate and advanced to the second stage.
Notes
Category:Barcelona S.C. seasons
Barcelona Sporting Club | {
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Sarvadhikari
Sarvādhikārī is a title with diverse uses in India, including:
an old title for the Chief minister of a southern Indian ruler, notably of:
under the Western Ganga Dynasty's Maharaja Dharma of Talakad (in modern Karnataka state), heading a cabinet which further included the Sandhivigrahi (Minister for war and peace), the Dandanayaka, the Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces, Srikaranadhikari (minister of Finance and Revenue), Manemagatine or Manevergade (Steward of the Royal household) and Hiriyabhandari (in charge of accounts and keeping of records); sometimes, the Purohita too found a place in this Council of Ministers, advising in matters of religion
the hereditary Maharaja of Mysore; this was the office Tipu Sultan succeeded his father Hyder Ali and established a Muslim empire called Khudadad.
superintendent, e.g. of a camp
general manager of an enterprise
Sources
Platt's dictionary
Our Karnataka
IMDb
RoyalArk- India- Khudadad
KHUDADAD The Family of Tipu Sultan GENEALOGY
Category:Heads of government
Category:Titles in India
Category:Kingdom of Mysore | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Point Bridge
Point Bridge can refer to:
Point Bridge (Pittsburgh), a steel cantilever truss bridge that spanned the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
PointBridge, an IT consulting company
Dames Point Bridge, a cable-stayed bridge over the St. Johns River in Jacksonville, Florida
The West Point Bridge Design Contest, a competition for middle school and high school students organized by the United States Military Academy | {
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Angie Pontani
Angie Pontani is a contemporary burlesque dancer, choreographer, producer, and blogger based in Brooklyn, NY. She was crowned Miss Exotic World in 2008.
Biography
Andrea Louisa Pontani is originally from Trenton, New Jersey. In the mid-1990s she began her career as a teenager in New York City dancing in the Dutch Weismann Follies at age 17. After the close of Dutch Weismanns, Angie went on to launch The World Famous Pontani Sisters, who performed regularly at Marion's Continental and Windows On the World in the World Trade Center. In 2006, Angie started to focus on her solo performances.
Pontani was the co-producer and star of "This Is Burlesque" at the now-defunct Corio Supper Club. She performs around the world solo and with the Pontani Sisters, and was a creator of the DVD series, "Go-Go Robics" and "Go-Go Dance with Angie Pontani" produced by World Dance New York. Angie produces and stars in the Burlesque-A-Pades touring production and is the co-producer of the New York Burlesque Festival, an event that happens annually and brings together hundreds of burlesque performers from around the world for 4 nights of performance in NYC. Angie has modeled for several designers, including Mode Merr Clothing as well as Dirty Dolls Lingerie and has shot with renowned photographers like Ellen Von Unwerth, Josh Gosfield and Brian Smith. Pontani hosts "The Pontani Pages", a monthly talk show format podcast produced by JL Aronson in NYC. In 2015, she was featured in a photo shoot for CR Fashion Book nude at 7 months pregnant, alongside Lady Gaga shot by Bruce Weber.
Angie was crowned Miss Cyclone in 2007 in honor of the historic roller coaster The Coney Island Cyclone. As a Coney Island resident, she has been very active in the fight to save them from rezoning that would jeopardize the amusement district. Angie was crowned "The Reigning Queen of Burlesque, the winner of the Miss Exotic World Pageant in 2008" at the Burlesque Hall of Fame Reunion at The Palms Hotel in Las Vegas. Other awards include,"The Best Body in Burlesque"-2007 New York Burlesque Festival, "#1 Burlesque Attraction in the Nation"-AOL.com, "Best NY Based Dance Company"= Show Business Weekly, "Hottest Burlesque Troupe" - Village Voice. She was recently featured on the PBS Great Performances series with Lady Gaga and Tony Bennett for their release of "Cheek To Cheek" and has collaborated with retailer Secrets In Lace to release a collection of vintage inspired dresses.
On February 16, 2013, Angie Pontani married Band leader, trumpet player and vocalist Brian Newman in Brooklyn, New York. They have one child together, a daughter Sistilia Josephine Pontani Newman, born on September 9, 2015.
In January 2017, Angie started a blog which features family recipes and Italian inspired dishes, some of which were featured in Rachel Ray Magazine's How To Live Like an Italian October issue.
Angie Pontani appeared in the documentary Gaga: Five foot two, at the time of the baptism of her daughter, in which Lady Gaga was chosen to be the godmother.
The Pontani Sisters
The World Famous Pontani Sisters are a highly stylized and costumed dance trio that helped to pioneer the burlesque revival. They began performing on the boardwalk in Coney Island and went on to international tours both alone as well as with the band Los Straitjackets. Angie choreographed, costumed, and booked most of the troupe's performances, including tours, Las Vegas runs and appearances on national television programs like Late Night with Conan O'Brien as well as Gossip Girl. The Pontani Sisters have released 3 DVD's that teach 1960s Go Go dancing, Go-Go Robics I & II and Twist Party, with the surf band, Los Straitjackets.
Television, film and radio appearances
References
External links
NY Burlesque Festival
Burlesque at Corio
Club Double: Six Questions with Angie Pontani
Angie Pontani Teaches at The School of Burlesque
Burlesque Hall of Fame
The Bride Wore Whoa! - Daily News Coverage of Angie's wedding
Category:American Neo-Burlesque performers
Category:American female erotic dancers
Category:American erotic dancers
Category:American female dancers
Category:Dancers from New Jersey
Category:Living people
Category:Artists from Trenton, New Jersey
Category:Miss Exotic World winners
Category:American beauty pageant winners
Category:American vedettes
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | {
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} |
1976 French Open – Women's Doubles
Chris Evert and Martina Navratilova were the defending champions but both players chose not to participate.
Fiorella Bonicelli and Gail Benedetti won in the final 6–4, 1–6, 6–3 against Kathleen Harter and Helga Masthoff.
Draw
Finals
Top Half
Bottom Half
References
Women's Doubles
Category:French Open by year – Women's Doubles
Category:1976 in women's tennis | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Mahanagaramlo Mayagadu
Mahanagaramlo Mayagadu () is a 1984 Indian Telugu-language film directed by Vijaya Bapineedu. The film stars Chiranjeevi and Vijayashanti.
Plot
Chiranjeevi plays the role of Raja, whose main aims are to make money by hook or by crook, and get his sister married. His father commits suicide after being accused of theft and his mother dies of disease. Unable to bear the poverty in his village, he leaves his sister at his friend's place and ends up in the city, using the name Mayagadu, making money by every possible means. He ends up in a police colony, in Sub-inspector Allu's house as a preacher. Vijayasanthi, who knows his real identity, tries in every possible way to get him out of that place and finally succeeds. But later when she learns Raja's bitter past, she decides to help him. Giribabu, who is son-in-law of the SP, hates his wife and has an affair with Chanchala (Jayamalini), who is a dancer at a club. This club is managed by Jyothilaxmi, who is Nutan Prasad's wife, but lives with the club's owner. Giribabu plans to kill his wife, but instead unknowingly ties up his lover in a bag and throws her in a river. Raja's brother-in-law notices this and saves her, but is framed in her murder case and jailed. Later Raja realizes his mistake and frees him from police custody. On his way to find out the real culprit, he realizes that Chanchala is alive and that the club owners killed another dancer and framed him to save Giribabu. Meanwhile, Raja's sister arrives in the city in search of her husband and brother, and stays at the SP's house. Raja deceives the SP and brings her out and with the help of Nutan Prasad, who is the nephew of the SP, unfolds the details of the case and frees his brother-in-law.
Cast
Chiranjeevi as Raja
Vijayshanti
Allu Rama Lingaiah
Rao Gopal Rao
Sangeeta
Nutan Prasad
Giri Babu
Nirmalamma
Jayamalini
Balaji
Chandrika
Jyothi Lakshmi
T. S. B. K. Moulee
Soundtrack
"Hari Katha" -
"Mahanagaramlo Mayagadu" -
"Vuduku Vuduku" -
"Yedhava Vatti Yedhava" -
External links
Category:1984 films
Category:Indian films
Category:Films scored by Chellapilla Satyam
Category:1980s Telugu-language films | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Tornado outbreak of June 13, 1998
On June 13, 1998, a tornado outbreak occurred across much of the United States. The day saw 45 tornadoes touchdown primarily across Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. The outbreak saw the Storm Prediction Center outline two Moderate Risk areas in parts of Virginia, North Carolina, and South Carolina, and in parts of Kansas and Nebraska. Additionally, two far more expansive Slight Risk areas were delineated across much of the Central and Eastern United States. By 06:00 UTC June 14, tornadoes had struck parts of six states, including downtown Sabetha, Kansas and parts of North Oklahoma City and vicinity.
Meteorological synopsis
In advance of the coming tornado outbreak, during the morning of June 13, the Storm Prediction Center (SPC) issued a Moderate Risk for parts of Kansas and Nebraska. It also issued a Slight Risk roughly encompassing an area from south of Dallas and western Mississippi northward and westward to western Oklahoma, Kansas City, and western Nebraska, and northern North Dakota. To the east, the SPC issued a Moderate Risk from far-southeastern Virginia to central North Carolina to central South Carolina to the Atlantic Ocean. A Slight Risk was issued from southern New Jersey to near Washington, D.C. to northern Pennsylvania to western Ohio then southward to eastern Tennessee to southern Georgia to the northeastern Florida coast.
In the eastern United States, the SPC warned of the threat of bow echoes producing damaging winds. An unstable air mass was present across a significant amount of the Southeast, and warm air at the 850-millibar level indicated "elevated mixed layer air". From southeastern Virginia into the mid-South, surface-level dew points were in the 70s° F. Parallel winds from low-to-mid levels combined with BRN shears predicted to around 30 indicated that bow echoes would be the primary threat. The most intense activity was expected to be confined to an area south and just north of a jet spanning from South Carolina to far-southeastern Virginia. Ahead of a mesoscale vorticity center entering western Georgia, the possibility of a second area of intense activity was noted for the southeastern part of the state coupled with far-northern parts of Florida.
In the Plains, a more tornado-oriented threat was expected to develop. A "moderately" strong upper shortwave was expected to move northeastward toward the central plains later in the day. A highly-unstable air mass south of a front over Texas/Oklahoma was forecast to spread northward into Kansas and Nebraska along with the north-moving warm front. The wind shear profile along and just northeast of the front, particularly in the Moderate Risk area, presented a favorable environment for supercells along with tornadoes. SPC forecasters noted the chance of more isolated severe storms along the dryline/cold front into western Oklahoma by the late afternoon. Additional isolated activity was possible along the western edge of the moisture axis extending from western Nebraska into the Dakotas and along the warm front in Arkansas once it began moving northward.
Kansas
When a severe thunderstorm that formed in Phillips County moved eastward into Smith County, it produced Kansas' first tornado of the day. The short-lived tornado's maximum damage was assessed as F0. Shortly after the end of the tornado's two-minute life, its parent thunderstorm left Kansas and entered Nebraska. Later in the day, an F2 tornado that was the costliest tornado of the day struck the town of Sabetha in Nemaha County. The tornado, which touched down half a mile west of the Sabetha City Hall, caused serious damage to two blocks of the town, with 18 buildings in the downtown area being damaged, five (including the city hall building) to near "the point of loss". The tornado lifted about half a mile east of City Hall. Damage to the city hall building amounted to $2 million, and additional damage to homes and vehicles away from downtown occurred due to tornado-toppled trees and branches away from the tornado's center along with strong straight-line winds.
Nebraska
The first tornado to touch down in the state formed about west of Sidney. The tornado dissipated only two minutes later, causing no damage. Another tornado would not touch down in the state until the later in the afternoon, when severe thunderstorms initiated across south-central Nebraska in great part due to the presence of a strong jet stream and a north-bound warm front. The first tornado spawned by these particular storms touched down in Gosper County southwest of Elwood. Although the tornado initially headed eastward, it turned left, heading due north. The tornado severely damaged a farmhouse and destroyed nearby outbuildings before later taking on a path straight down U.S. Highway 283. A semi-truck driver and a family of three, finding no path of escape, abandoned their vehicles to take cover in a ditch. While they survived with minor injuries despite the tornado passing almost directly overhead, their vehicles were not so fortunate, and the truck's cargo, composed of ice cream, was completely ruined. This storm went on to produce another tornado which caused no damage and was short-lived.
In Lincoln County, a tornado touched down about five miles south-southwest of Maxwell before coming into contact with Marantha Bible Camp. Damage at the camp included about 160 blown-down trees, damaged vehicles, and a destroyed shed. The tornado then went on to topple two billboards after crossing Interstate 80. Two houses were damaged and a camper destroyed along the remainder of the tornadoes eight-minute-long track. Peak damage was assessed as F1.
A severe thunderstorm that developed just south of the Kansas/Nebraska border later went on to drop a short-lived F0 tornado about one mile east of Chester. The tornado initially moved to the southeast, hitting a farm and adjacent outbuildings along its path. While the people at the farm were all uninjured, a minimum of 25 irrigation pivots were destroyed.
Multiple other tornadoes occurred during the outbreak that went on to cause little or no damage, and by the end of the day, no tornado-related injuries or fatalities had been reported in the state.
Oklahoma
In the afternoon and evening of June 13, four supercells which had formed near the dryline over Western Oklahoma entered the central part of the state, two of which produced tornadoes, and two of which only produced strong winds and hail. The first of the two tornado-producing storms produced two tornadoes; the former, which touched down near Longdale, injured a child and caused tree damage, ultimately causing F0 damage. The latter tornado, which was ultimately rated F1, caused roof, window, siding, and porch damage to three houses. It also took off the roof of a barn, destroyed an outbuilding, caused fence damage, and took off the hood of a pickup truck.
The second tornadic supercell produced seven tornadoes. The first two tornadoes touched down near El Reno and caused no damage, earning ratings of F0. The third tornado touched down near Yukon but, as with the other two, caused no damage and was rated F0. A fourth tornado touched down over Lake Hefner in Oklahoma City, eventually causing damage to boats in a dry dock at the Oklahoma City Boat Club. Damage to club facilities and nearby boats was estimated at $250,000. The tornado went on to destroy a storage shed and cause minor roof damage to homes east of Lake Hefner Parkway before it dissipated, having caused only F1 damage. The fifth tornado (rated F1) materialized near NW 84th Street and Walker, going on to displace much of a house's roof decking and uproot street signs. The tornado also damaged vehicles and caused roof damage to houses on 84th, 85th, 86th, 87th, and 88th Streets. The tornado destroyed the western half of a church in this area after it knocked down its walls on three sides and threw part of its roof at a house which resultantly suffered major damage. The sixth tornado, which was anticyclonic, affected the Northwest Oklahoma City/Nichols Hills area. It caused "considerable" damage to a strip mall, unroofed numerous houses, shattered windows, and damaged signs and powerlines. One building saw an exterior wall collapse. An RV was thrown into a house, a car flipped, trees were knocked down, and pieces of shingles and roof decking were blown away. The tornado's ultimate rating of F2 was based on damage limited to a small area, and most damage was actually consistent with that of an F1 tornado.
The seventh tornado produced by the second tornadic storm (rated F2), which affected Northeast Oklahoma City in the Frontier City area, was also the most destructive. The tornado touched down near the Hefner Road/Bryant Avenue intersection before going on to cause major structural damage to numerous businesses. At Frontier City, the tornado damaged vehicles in the parking lot and caused the exterior of a concrete-block building to partly collapse while simultaneously taking its roof off. Inflow into the tornado caused additional damage to nearby areas, and seventeen injuries occurred at the park. East of Interstate 35, a Texaco suffered significant damage, and the tornado lifted and rolled empty semi-truck trailers in the parking lot. A nearby portable building was completely blown away. In the Nottingham and Quail Ridge Run subdivisions, extensive damage was caused to homes' windows, roofs, and garage doors. Some of these homes suffered a significant degree of roof failure despite having still-standing exterior walls. Anchoring between the roofs of these homes and their walls was missing, and it is possible that the intensity of the tornado was near the F3 range in these areas. The tornado caused $1 million worth of damage in North Oklahoma City throughout its track.
Overall, the outbreak caused a single injury in Longdale, Blaine County, in addition to 21 relatively minor injuries in Oklahoma County, largely at Frontier City. No fatalities occurred due to any of the tornadoes. After the event ended, Oklahoma Gas & Electric said that 25,000 to 30,000 had lost power. Part of the North Oklahoma City area was closed to nonresidents, and the Red Cross set up an emergency shelter at a church in the vicinity to help those in need.
List of tornadoes
See also
1999 Oklahoma tornado outbreak
Notes
References
Category:1998 in Arkansas
Category:1998 in Kansas
Category:1998 in Nebraska
Category:1998 in North Carolina
Category:1998 in Oklahoma
Category:1998 in Wyoming
Category:June 1998 events
Category:Tornadoes in Arkansas
Category:Tornadoes in Kansas
Category:Tornadoes in Nebraska
Category:Tornadoes in North Carolina
Category:Tornadoes in Oklahoma
Category:Tornadoes in Wyoming
Category:Tornadoes of 1998 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Appendix H
Appendix H is the name of an infamous appendix in Pentium Processor Family Developer's Manual, Volume 3. This appendix contained reference to documentation only available under a legally binding NDA.
This NDAed documentation described various new features introduced in the Pentium processor, notably Virtual Mode Extensions (VME) and 4 MB paging (VME should not be confused with the later Intel VT virtualization technology). VME added an additional feature to the existing virtual 8086 mode that was introduced with the 80386 processor, and included optimized handling and delivery of interrupts to and from virtual machines.
The appendix was referenced by the official chapters in the documentation, provoking irritation among the public who was not allowed to access the detailed descriptions. This started a movement with observers trying to reverse-engineer the information in various ways. Notably, Robert Collins (writing in Dr. Dobb's Journal) and Christian Ludloff (owner of the sandpile.org website) played a major role in this.
See also
Virtual 8086 Mode Enhancements (VME)
VME (CONFIG.SYS directive) (in OS/2)
QEMM
References
Category:X86 architecture | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Sheffield Victoria railway station
Sheffield Victoria was the main railway station in Sheffield, Yorkshire, England, on the Great Central Railway, between Chesterfield and Penistone.
History
Early history
Engineered by Joseph Locke, the Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway linking Manchester and Sheffield opened in 1845. Originally, this line terminated at the Bridgehouses station about to the west of the future Victoria station. In 1847, the Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway merged with two other railway companies to form the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway. The station at Bridgehouses had been outgrown and an extension and new station were planned. John Fowler, who later gained fame for co-designing the Forth Railway Bridge in Scotland, was employed to engineer the extension and station. Fowler's design included a viaduct over the Wicker that was high, long and two island platforms long. The extension was completed in 1847–1848 and the new Victoria station opened on 15 September 1851. The station gained a -long ridge furrow patterned glass roof likened at the time to The Crystal Palace (in London) which spanned the main line platforms in 1867 and was further enlarged in 1874, the well-known railway contractors Logan and Hemingway being awarded the contract.
With the opening of the London Extension in 1899, Sheffield gained a new direct service to London. To attract the lucrative trade between the cities, the Great Central Railway launched Sheffield Without A Stop on 1 July 1903 and became something of a trademark for the company, with being run in exactly 3 hours, an average of nearly . Slip coaches were provided for passengers for Leicester and Nottingham.
The station received a new frontage in 1908 and was further improved between 1939 and 1940. The station took on great importance when the line through the Pennines—known as the Woodhead Route after the long Woodhead Tunnel on it which was electrified for freight purposes after World War II.
Electrification
The 1950s saw the station at its zenith: Regular Manchester London Road – Sheffield Victoria – London Marylebone express services traversed the Great Central line, other expresses ran to London King's Cross over the East Coast Main Line and the named expresses the Master Cutler, the Sheffield Pullman and the South Yorkshireman served the station. There were also many semi-fast trains running trans-Pennine from Manchester to destinations on the East Coast, and local trains to Chesterfield, Barnsley, Nottingham, Doncaster, Retford, Penistone and Lincoln.
The electrification of the line reached Sheffield Victoria by 1954, reducing the journey time to Manchester to 56 minutes. This was the only main line electrified at 1500 V d.c. From this point onwards, all passenger trains heading to Manchester required a change of locomotive at Victoria to a British Rail Class 76 or express passenger British Rail Class 77.
Closure
Although the 1950s saw services at the station reach their peak, this period also marked the beginning of its decline. In 1953 Barnsley was an early casualty as the line ran almost parallel to the former Midland Railway's Sheffield Midland – Barnsley line, serving mostly the same communities. By the end of the decade, the expresses to Marylebone were either cut or re-routed to King's Cross (in the case of the Master Cutler). In the mid-1960s there was a concerted effort to concentrate Victoria's remaining local and express train services at Sheffield (Midland) station. From 4 October 1965 most services were diverted to Sheffield Midland, adding 2 to 4 minutes to their schedules. The only trains remaining were Manchester via Woodhead, the Harwich boat train and trains to Bournemouth, York and Swindon. After September 1966, Victoria was left with just an hourly Manchester service and the daily Liverpool-Harwich "Continental" Boat train service.
In 1965 the second Beeching Report recommended that the Sheffield to Manchester service be consolidated; after much local wrangling British Railways favoured the Hope Valley Line which was slower and not electrified but served more local communities. In 1967, plans were announced to withdraw passenger services along the Woodhead route. Following public outcry, an inquiry was launched that took two years to be completed. Eventually the inquiry backed British Rail's plans and passenger services were withdrawn from the line on 5 January 1970. The last train to Victoria station, an enthusiasts' special, arrived at 00:44 on 5 January and from that point the station was closed.
The station re-opened very briefly in 1972 for diverted trains while Sheffield (Midland) station was closed for re-signalling.
The Manchester-Sheffield-Wath electric railway was entirely closed east of Hadfield in July 1981; and the tracks through the Woodhead Tunnel were lifted in 1986. Passenger trains to and from via continued to pass through the station without stopping until May 1983, when they were diverted via Barnsley (the Penistone via Wadsley Bridge section then being closed to passenger traffic). Except for the now single track goods avoiding line, which still exists to serve the steelworks at Stocksbridge, all the track through the station was lifted by 1985 and the station buildings were demolished in 1989 to make way for an extension to the adjacent Victoria Hotel complex. The slope that once led up to Platform 1 survives as part of a pedestrian path to the car park.
Preservation
Outlines of the platforms still remain, and the trackbed has been protected for a possible future extension of the Sheffield Supertram, and may also be used for the proposed Don Valley Railway, which will terminate at Nunnery, linking into the Supertram approximately to the east where the proposed DVR will also interchange with train services on the Sheffield to Lincoln Line.
Future
It was suggested by Sheffield City Council that the site could be used for Sheffield's HS2 station, instead of the then planned station at Meadowhall, although an alternative route announced in 2016 would see HS2 using the existing Sheffield station, formerly known as Sheffield Midland station.
Station Masters
William Taylor ca. 1852
Mr. Ward ca. 1857
Mr. Brown
J.A. Hodkinson ca. 1885 – 1895?
William Morley 1895? – 1903
T.A. Moorhouse 1903 – 1924
R.F. Ogden 1924 – 1935
Robert Bruntlett 1935 – 1939
E.O. Wright 1940 – 1941
W.W. Capon 1941 – 1944
W.H. Burton ???? – 1949 (afterwards stationmaster at York)
Mr. Williamson ca. 1962
In popular culture
Sheffield-based industrial music pioneers Cabaret Voltaire filmed the video to their track "Yashar" in the remains of the station in the early-1980s; at one point a Class 20 hauled freight train is seen passing through. The band was noted for the use of decaying urban scenery in its videos.
See also
Sheffield railway station (formerly Midland Station)
Sheffield Wicker railway station
References
Notes
Sources
External links
Sheffield Victoria Station group at Flickr
Photos of Sheffield Victoria station in the 1980s
Train services from Sheffield Victoria 1942–1969
History and photos of the Woodhead route
Station on 1947 OS Map
Victoria railway station
Category:Former Great Central Railway stations
Category:Woodhead Line
Category:Transport infrastructure completed in 1848
Category:Railway stations opened in 1851
Category:Railway stations closed in 1970
Category:1851 establishments in England | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Guillermo Méndez (footballer, born 1994)
Guillermo Andrés Méndez Aguilera (born 26 August 1994 in Paysandú, Uruguay) is a Uruguayan footballer who plays for Unión Santa Fe.
References
Category:1994 births
Category:Living people
Category:Uruguayan footballers
Category:Uruguayan expatriate footballers
Category:Uruguay youth international footballers
Category:Association football midfielders
Category:Standard Liège players
Category:Sint-Truidense V.V. players
Category:AD Alcorcón footballers
Category:C.A. Bella Vista players
Category:Unión de Santa Fe footballers
Category:Belgian Second Division/Belgian First Division B players
Category:Segunda División players
Category:Argentine Primera División players
Category:Expatriate footballers in Argentina
Category:Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Belgium
Category:Uruguayan expatriate sportspeople in Spain
Category:Expatriate footballers in Belgium
Category:Expatriate footballers in Spain
Category:Sportspeople from Paysandú | {
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} |
Richard Golding
Richard Golding or Goldynge (died 1520) was an Irish judge who was twice Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer. The Golding family were notable for producing three judges of the same Court in two generations.
He was born in County Meath, son of Edward Golding (died after 1504), Baron of the Court of Exchequer (Ireland) and collector of revenues for the port of Drogheda. Richard's cousin Walter Golding of Portmarnock (died 1547) was a Baron of the same Court and also acted as adviser to the Lord Deputy of Ireland, Leonard Grey, 1st Viscount Grane.
Richard entered Lincoln's Inn in 1505 and acted as Master of the Revels there in 1509. He was practicing law in Dublin in 1511 when he was appointed Chief Baron; he was superseded in 1514 but restored to office shortly after and apparently remained Chief Baron until his death.
He married Margery Darcy, daughter of Sir William Darcy of Platten; they seem to have had no children. His cousin Walter's descendants were still living at Portmarnock in the following century.
References
Category:People from County Meath
Category:1520 deaths
Category:Members of Lincoln's Inn
Category:Year of birth unknown
Category:Chief Barons of the Irish Exchequer | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Places of Worship (album)
Places Of Worship (released 1 October 2013 in Oslo, Norway) is an album by Arve Henriksen.
Background
This album marks the return of Henriksen to the label Rune Grammofon and furthers his collaboration with Jan Bang and Erik Honoré. He never separates himself from the environmental information provided by his natural Nordic landscape. The lush, wild, and open physical vistas of its geography provide an inner map for the trumpeter and vocalist that amounts to a deeply focused series of tone poems. While these tracks are impossible to separate from the influences of Jon Hassell's Fourth World Music explorations or the more murky moodscapes of Nils Petter Molvær, they are also more than a few steps removed from them. The experimentations within soundscapes, spaces, and texture bring the listener into sacred places the world over, hence its title.
Track listing
(All original songs composed by Arve Henriksen, where not otherwise noted)
Personnel
Arve Henriksen Trumpet, Voice, Tape [Field Recording]
Erik Honoré – Vocals [Vocal], Synthesizer [Synth Bass], Sampler [Live Sampling], Drum Programming
Jan Bang – Sampler [Live Sampling], [Samples], Programmed By [Programming]
Eivind Aarset – Guitar [Samples]
Christian Wallumrød – Piano [Samples]
Jon Balke – Piano [Samples]
Lars Danielsson – Double Bass
Ingar Zach – Percussion
Rolf Wallin – Performer [Samples, Crystal Chord]
Peter Tornquist – Sampler [Samples, Excerpts From Alba Composed By]
Ensemble Stahlquartett – Alexander Fülle, Jan Heinke, Michael Antoni, Peter Andrea
The Norwegian Wind Ensemble – [Samples]
Credits
Cover – Kim Hiorthøy
Mastered By – Helge Sten
Producer – Erik Honoré, Jan Bang
Recorded By [Additional Recording By] – Arve Henriksen, Eivind Aarset, Ingar Zach
Recorded By [Basic Tracks] – Thomas Hukkelberg (track: #7)
Recorded By, Mixed By – Erik Honoré, Jan Bang
Notes
Recorded and mixed at Punkt Studio, Kristiansand
Alhambra basic tracks recorded live at Jakobskirken, Oslo
Mastered at Audio Virus Lab
References
External links
Arve Henriksen Official Website
Category:2013 albums
Category:Arve Henriksen albums
Category:Rune Grammofon albums | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Brytni Sarpy
Brytni Sarpy (born September 21, 1987) is an American actress best known for her portrayal of Valerie Spencer on the ABC network soap opera General Hospital.
Early life
Sarpy was born on September 21, 1987, in California. Her father is Mel Sarpy and her mother's name is Kim. Sarpy is of Creole (French, Italian and African American), Native American (Apache and Cherokee), and Filipino descent. For most of her childhood, Sarpy lived in Sherman Oaks and attended high school in Upland. Sarpy attended the University of California, Santa Barbara and graduated in 2008 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree. Sarpy began auditioning for professional gigs and upon graduation worked several jobs to stay afloat. Sarpy worked as a bartender, a personal trainer at Equinox Fitness and also did commercial work as an athletic print model.
Career
Sarpy started in theater where she appeared in several main stage and local productions where she received critical acclaim for her dramatic range and comedic timing. Brytni is also a trained dancer. The actress currently resides in Los Angeles where she is represented by Pantheon Agency for theater and Vision Talent and CESD for commercial and print work. She has appeared in commercials and print work for Nike, Yahoo!, AT&T, New Balance, and several others. In 2010, Sarpy starred alongside Jamie Lee Curtis and Sigourney Weaver in You Again. In addition to auditioning for the NBC soap opera, Days of Our Lives, Sarpy had previously auditioned for the General Hospital roles of Taylor DuBois and later Jordan Ashford for which she was too old and too young, respectively. Sarpy later won the contract role of Valerie Spencer made her debut on March 20, 2015. In March 2016, it was announced that Sarpy was set to host the a new reality series The Pitch Room. In December 2016, Sarpy was dropped from a series regular to recurring status at General Hospital. In 2017, Sarpy starred alongside Heather Langenkamp in Truth or Dare. She was cast in the regular role of Elena Dawson on The Young and the Restless in February 2019. In March 2019, Sarpy announced that she'd also booked a recurring role on the new season of The Haves and the Have Nots.
Personal life
Sarpy's parents split when she was about 6 years old and Sarpy was primarily raised by her father. Sarpy is very close with her father, who suffers from Parkinson's disease. She has a younger half brother, Aiden through her father. Sarpy also has two other half brothers and a half sister on her mother's side. She got a rescue dog named Charlie for her birthday in 2012. Sarpy is also a pescatarian. She has opened up about her anxiety and depression on World Mental Health Day, October 10, 2018.
In 2020, Sarpy announced that she and her co-star Bryton James were dating.
Filmography
Theater
Film
Television
References
External links
Brytni Sarpy Official website
Category:1987 births
Category:Actresses from California
Category:American people of Creole descent
Category:American people of Apache descent
Category:American people of Cherokee descent
Category:American people of Filipino descent
Category:American people who self-identify as being of Native American descent
Category:American soap opera actresses
Category:American television actresses
Category:Living people
Category:People from Sherman Oaks, Los Angeles
Category:University of California, Santa Barbara alumni | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Forehand (disambiguation)
The forehand in tennis and other racket sports such as table tennis, squash and badminton is a shot made by swinging the racket across one's body with the hand moving palm-first.
Forehand may also refer to:
People
A. C. and Mamie Forehand, American gospel musicians active in 1927
Edward "Little Buster" Forehand (19422006), American soul and blues musician
Jennie M. Forehand (born 1935), American politician in Maryland
Joe Forehand (born before 1971), American businessman
Other
Forehand (horse), the front half of a horse's body
Turn on the forehand, a lateral movement in equestrian schooling
See also
Forehand & Wadsworth, a U.S. firearms manufacturing company | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Stephanie Main
Stephanie Main (born 20 September 1976) is a British former competitive figure skater. She is a three-time British national champion (1994, 1996, 1999) and five-time Scottish national champion. Stephanie also competed in the first ever winter European Youth Olympic Festival held in Aosta 1993. She placed 22nd at the 1996 World Championships. She also competed twice at the European Championships.
Main did not compete in the 1996–97 and 1997–98 seasons. Returning to competition, she won her third national title in the 1998–99 season. In March 1999, she injured knee ligaments, causing her to withdraw from the 1999 World Championships in Helsinki, Finland.
Stephanie Main has trained with coaches nationally and internationally, including the Broadmoor Skating Club in Colorado Springs and the Mariposa School of Skating in Canada.
Programs
Competitive highlights
References
Category:1976 births
Category:British female single skaters
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Edinburgh
Category:Scottish female single skaters | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
GPRS roaming exchange
A GPRS roaming exchange (GRX) acts as a hub for GPRS connections from roaming users, removing the need for a dedicated link between each GPRS service provider. It was developed to facilitate a more efficient way for operators to interconnect networks, and played a large part in the transition to third-generation systems.
Development
Initially GPRS roaming was based on complicated relationships between individual operators with each operator requiring a dedicated link to each different partner so that , whereby is the number of global operators that would require a dedicated link. This meant that mobile subscribers who wanted to use GPRS whilst roaming could only do so if their operator had a direct agreement with the operator in the country or area in which they were roaming.
In 2000 the GSMA (GSM Association) developed the idea of GRX to handle all roaming between public land mobile networks (PLMNs).
Technical implementation
Usually, GRX is based on a private or public IP backbone and uses GPRS Tunnelling Protocol on the session layer (OSI Layer Five) between the visited PLMN (Public Land Mobile Network) and the home PLMN. Each GRX operator will have a network consisting of a set of routers and links connecting to the GPRS networks, moreover the GRX network will have links connecting to other GRX nodes in peer model.
The GRX operator can therefore act as a hub, allowing a GPRS subscriber to interconnect with many roaming partners without the need for dedicated links. For operators this is advantageous in that it allows quicker implementation of roaming partners, faster time to market for new operators and lower capital expenditure seeing as it is a scalable solution depending on bandwidth and quality of service requirements. Because the interconnection between the visited PLMN and home PLMN uses private GRX networks there is also no need to maintain Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) tunnels over the public internet.
See also
IP exchange (IPX)
References
External links
GRX exploitation
Category:Mobile telecommunications standards
Category:3GPP standards | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Drumcliff
Drumcliff or Drumcliffe () is a village in County Sligo, Ireland. It is 8 km (5 miles) north of Sligo town on the N15 road on a low gravel ridge between the mountain of Ben Bulben and Drumcliff bay. It is on the Drumcliff river, originally called the "Codnach", which drains Glencar Lake. Drumcliff is the resting place of the Irish poet W. B. Yeats.
History
The old name of Drumcliff was Cnoc na Teagh (trans. Hill of the House). The village is one of several possible locations in Co. Sligo for the settlement of Nagnata as marked on Claudius Ptolemy's early map of Ireland. The name Codnach means placid or even tempered river. A battle was fought on this river in A.M. 3656 (1538 BC) by the legendary Milesian monarch Tigearnmas. Tigernmas. cath Codnaige in Tuath Eba in Cairpre moir Droma Cliab, fought by Tigernmas AFM
An ancient topographical poem in the Dinnsenchus (Lore of Places) tells how the baskets in the name refer to the wicker frames of a fleet of boats that was once made here. The poem is part of a lost epic story involving the Fomorians in a raid on an island in the western ocean.
Drumcliff formed the western extremity of the kingdom of Bréifne (the eastern end was Kells), and the northern extremity of Tir Fhiacrach Múaidhe (Tireragh).
The Battle of the Book took place near Drumcliff between the years 555 AD and 561 AD.
The historian Mac Firbisigh makes mention of a "Fort of Codhnach", known to be a fort near Drumcliff, although its location now is unknown.
The Monastery
St. Colmcille founded a monastery in Drumcliff in about 575.. The monastery was of such importance that it gave its name to the territory of Cairbre Drom Cliabh in which it resides. The first abbot was St. Mothorian.
The annals tell us that in 1225, Amlaib Ó Beólláin, erenach of Drumcliff, a man eminent for generosity and for his guest-house, died this year. The Ó Beólláin family were hereditary keepers of Drumcliff monastery.
-
All that remains of the monastery now is an Irish High Cross dating to c. 1100, and a ruined 10th or 11th century round tower, the only one known in County Sligo, The round tower was struck by lightning in 1396. Further decorated cross slabs are built into the walls of the current church.
William Butler Yeats
Drumcliff is the final resting place of the poet W. B. Yeats (1865–1939), who is buried in the graveyard of St. Columba's Church of Ireland. Although Yeats died in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin, France in January 1939, his remains were brought home to Ireland by the Irish Naval Service and re-interred at Drumcliff in 1948 in the presence of a large number of local people and dignitaries which included the Minister for External Affairs, Eamonn De Valera and Seán MacBride, who represented the Government. His famous epitaph, written in the poem "Under Ben Bulben", reads
Yeats paternal great-grandfather was rector in Drumcliff, as John Butler Yeats remarked in a letter to his son William in 1913:
See also
List of towns and villages in Ireland
References
External links
Drumcliff group of parishes (Church of Ireland)
http://goireland.about.com/od/countysligo/gr/drumcliff_sligo.htm
Category:Towns and villages in County Sligo | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Giovanni Delfino (cardinal)
Giovanni Dolfin (or Delfino) (Venice, 22 April 1617 - Udine, 20 July 1699) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal and playwright.
The nephew of the other cardinal Giovanni Delfino (seniore), he was the first senator of the Venetian republic, then, after abandoning civil and religious life, after various ecclesiastical duties he was consecrated titular bishop of Tagaste on 30 Nov 1656 by Carlo Carafa della Spina, Bishop of Aversa. In 1656 Girolamo Gradenigo wanted him as coadjutor in the Patriarchate of Aquileia. He succeeded him, as patriarch, two years later.
On the request of the Republic of Venice, on 8 March 1667 Pope Alexander VII appointed him cardinal of San Salvatore in Lauro and then of the Saints Vito, Modesto and Crescenzia. He was abbot commendatore of the abbey of Rosazzo from 1668 until his death.
He participated in the conclave of 1667, that of 1669-1670, that of 1676, that of 1689 and finally that of 1691; indeed during the latter his name re-entered among those of the papabili but his election was blocked by the Spaniards who did not see favorably a Venetian on the papal throne.
While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of Alvise Sagredo, Patriarch of Venice (1678).
Plays
"Four tragedies he wrote, Cleopatra (1660), Lucrezia, Medoro and Creso, which, although not entirely exempt from the defects of the century, for the nobility of the style nonetheless and for the conduct may be the best glues from the previous age. But he never wanted them to be published. The Cleopatra was first printed in the Italian Theater of the March. Maffei. So all four came to light, but very bad and battered, in Utrecht in 1730, until a much more correct and magnificent edition was made by Comino in Padua in 1733 together with an apologetic speech of the cardinal himself in defense of his Tragedies. Six dialogues in verse of this most learned cardinal were then printed in which they appear to be very well versed in the modern philosophy of those times without completely abandoning the prejudices of the old. But their style is not 'noble and supported as in the tragedies".
He was also the author of poems, of reflections on Tacitus and Sallust, and of ten prose dialogues of scientific subject, of which only one - dedicated to astronomy - was published.
He is buried in Venice in the church of San Michele di Murano.
References
Category:17th-century cardinals
Category:17th-century Italian dramatists and playwrights
Category:1617 births
Category:1699 deaths
Category:People from Venice
Category:Cardinals (Catholic Church) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Amphientulus gnangarae
Amphientulus gnangarae is a species of proturan in the family Acerentomidae. It is found in Australia.
References
Further reading
Category:Protura
Category:Articles created by Qbugbot
Category:Animals described in 1967 | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Zamárdi
Zamárdi is a famous holiday town in Somogy County, Hungary known for its beaches at Lake Balaton and for its music festivals during the summer (e.g. Strand Festival, Balaton Sound etc.).
The settlement is part of the Balatonboglár wine region.
Etymology
There are several explanations of the origin of the name of Zamárdi.
According to one theory the village was called before the Mongol invasion Kis Szent Mártir which later changed to Zamárdi. However there is no proof for that.
The older part of the village is on the hill, so the residents brought water on the back of donkeys. Therefore the village was called Szamárd after szamár () and -d suffix.
The most accepted theory states that the name derives from a person name Zamar or Somar. He could be the first owner of the village.
History
Before the arrival of the Hungarians at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries, the area was populated by Avars. In 1972, a large Avaric cemetery was discovered in the village.
Residents
Zoltán Kocsis, Hungarian virtuoso pianist, conductor, and composer
International relations
Twin towns — Sister cities
Zamárdi is twinned with:
External links
Official homepage
Street map (Hungarian)
References
Category:Populated places in Somogy County
Category:History of Somogy | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Yufle
Yufle is a town in the Sanaag region of Somaliland, a district of Erigavo. it is Predominantly inhabited by the Biciide sub Clan of Habarjeclo, who come under the greater Isaaq tribe.
References
Yufle, Somalia
Category:Geography of Somalia | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen
Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen (Prodromus of the Flora of New Holland and Van Diemen's Land) is a flora of Australia written by botanist Robert Brown and published in 1810. Often referred to as Prodromus Flora Novae Hollandiae, or by its standard botanical abbreviation Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland., it was the first attempt at a survey of the Australian flora. It described over 2040 species, over half of which were published for the first time.
Brown's Prodromus was originally published as Volume One, and following the Praemonenda (Preface), page numbering commences on page 145. Sales of the Prodromus were so poor, however, that Brown withdrew it from sale. Due to the commercial failure of the first volume, pages 1 to 144 were never issued, and Brown never produced the additional volumes that he had planned.
In 1813, a book of illustrations for the Prodromus was published separately by Ferdinand Bauer under the title Ferdinandi Bauer Illustrationes florae Novae Hollandiae sive icones generum quae in Prodromo florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen descripsit Robertus Brown, usually referred to as Illustrationes Florae Novae Hollandiae. The Prodromus itself was eventually reprinted in 1819, and a slightly modified second edition released in 1821. In 1830, Brown published a short supplement to the Prodromus, entitled Supplementum Primum Prodromi Florae Novae Hollandiae.
References
Bibliography
Category:1810 non-fiction books
Category:Books about Australian natural history
Category:Florae (publication)
Category:Botany in Australia
Category:1810 in science
Category:1810 in Australia
Category:Works by Robert Brown (botanist) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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Kanara
Kanara (also known as Canara, Karavali, and Coastal Karnataka or Karnataka Coast) is a stretch of land alongside the Arabian Sea in the Indian state of Karnataka. The region comprises three civil districts, namely: Uttara Kannada, Udupi, and Dakshina Kannada.
Etymology
According to historian Severino da Silva, the ancient name for this region is Parashurama Srushti (creation of Parashurama). He and Stephen Fuchs say that the name Canara is the invention of Portuguese, Dutch, and English people who visited the area for trade from the early sixteenth century onwards. The Bednore Dynasty, under whose rule this tract was at that time, was known to them as the Kannada Dynasty, i.e., the dynasty speaking the Kannada language. "Karāvalli", the Kannada word for 'coast', is the term used by Kannada-speakers to refer to this region. The letter 'd' being always pronounced like 'r' by the Europeans, the district was named by them as 'Canara' (a corruption of the word "Kannada"). This name was retained by the British after their occupation of the district in 1799, and has remained ever since. However, they also say that this issue is controversial.
History
Since antiquity, much of the Canara coast (now spelled as 'Kanara') occupied a culturally distinct area known as Tulu Nadu. Historically, Tulu Nadu lay between the Gangavalli River in the north and the Chandragiri River in the south. Currently, Tulu Nadu consists of the Udupi and Dakshina Kannada districts of Karnataka, and the Kasaragod taluka of Kerala. The Uttara Kannada district in general is considered to be the southernmost part of the Konkan coast. Specifically, the littoral region north of the Gangavalli River is traditionally included in the Konkan.
The Portuguese occupied Kanara from 1498–1763. During this period, the geographical extent of Canara stretched from the southern banks of the Kali River in Karwar in the north to the northern banks of the Chandragiri River in Kasaragod in the south.
In 1799, after the conclusion of the Fourth Mysore War, the British took over the region and established the Canara district of the Madras Presidency. The district was bifurcated into the North and South Canara districts in 1859. The North Canara (also sometimes cited as 'North Kanara') district was transferred to the Bombay Presidency whereas the South Canara (also sometimes referred as 'South Kanara') district remained under the jurisdiction of the Madras Presidency. South Canara encompassed the undivided territory of the contemporary Udupi, Dakshina Kannada, and Kasaragod districts.
After India's independence in 1947, the Bombay Presidency was reconstituted as the Bombay State. Following the States Reorganisation Act, 1956, the southern portion of Bombay State was added to Mysore State, which was renamed Karnataka in 1972. Kasaragod was included in Kerala. Subsequently, North and South Canara were renamed Uttara Kannada and Dakshina Kannada respectively. In 1997, Udupi district was carved out of the bigger Dakshina Kannada district.
Culture
Dance
Yakshagana is a classical dance drama popular in the districts of Dakshina Kannada, Udupi, Uttara Kannada and few Malnad regions in Karnataka. This theater art involves acting, dance, dialogue, music, songs, story and unique costumes. While dance and songs adhere to well established 'talas', very similar to classical Indian dance forms, acting and dialogues are created spontaneously on stage depending on the ability of the artists. This combination of classical and folk elements makes Yakshagana unique from any other Indian art. It would be considered a form of opera to the western eye. Traditionally, Yakshaganas start late in the night and run the entire night. Bagavatha, the background singer, who is also the director of the story controls the entire proceedings on stage. He/she along with the background musicians, who play 'chande' and 'maddale' form the 'himmela'. The actors who wear colorful costumes and enact various roles in the story form the 'mummela'. There are many professional troops in Karnataka. In spite of the competition from modern movie industry and television, these troops arrange ticketed shows and make a profit. Apart from the individually arranged shows in villages, inviting well known professional artists like Sri Chittani Ramachandra Hegde and Kondadakuli Ramachandra Hegde, provides an opportunity for local talents to act with the legends. Yakshagana is sometimes simply called aataā (meaning play) in both Tulu and Kannada. Yaksha-gana literally means the song (gana) of a yaksha. Yakshas were an exotic tribe mentioned in the Sanskrit literature of ancient India.
Bhuta Kola and Nagaradhane are other unique rituals and traditions to coastal districts of present Karnataka state.
There are many more folk art forms which are in edge of extinction due to rapid changes in social, economic, educational conditions of the Karavali ( Kanara or Canara ) region.
Bedara vesha In Sirsi Holi is celebrated with a unique Carnival. Folk dance called "Bedara Vesha", Which is performed during the nights beginning five days before the actual festival day. Different dancers are participate while dancing dancers are round whole Sirsi. The festival is celebrated every alternate year in the town which attracts a large crowd on all the five days from different parts of the India
Sports
The Tulu speaking part of Karavali region has buffalo racing sport called Kambala.
Geography
The Kanara region forms the Karnatakan coast situated on the south-western portion of Peninsular India. Coastal Karnataka forms the northern segment of the Malabar coast. Kanara constitutes an area of about 10,000 square kilometres (4,000 square miles). It is bounded by Konkan to the north, the Western Ghats to the east, the Kerala Plains to the south, and the Arabian Sea to the west. It stretches from north to south for about 225 kilometres (140 miles) and has a maximum width of about 64 kilometres (40 miles) in the south.
The region is characterized by swaying coconut palms and swift brooks flowing towards the sea. Many rivers which originate in the Western Ghats flow westwards to join the Arabian Sea like the Netravathi, Sharavathi, Aghashini, Gurupura, Pavanje, Panchagangavali, Swarna, etc. Over the years the water flow has decreased due to deforestation for agricultural purposes and building of dams across these rivers and their tributaries. The soil consists of alluvial, sandy loam, and laterite.
Civil Administration
Contemporary Kanara extends from the village of Majali in the north to the village of Talapady in the south. The three districts in the region: Uttara Kannada, Udupi, and Dakshina Kannada have their capitals in Karwar, Udupi, and Mangalore respectively.
See also
Konkan
Karwar, Uttara Kannada
South Canara (erstwhile district)
Tulu Nadu
Udupi, Udupi district
Mangalore, Dakshina Kannada
Kasaragod, Kasaragod district
Notes
Konkan is now held to include all the land which lies between the Western Ghats and the Indian Ocean, from the latitude of Daman on the north to that of Terekhol, on the Goa frontier, on the south. Although most sources generally assign Kanara (Karavali) to the Malabar Coast, some other sources consider it to be a subterritory of the Konkan Coast. Consequently, this segment is thought to overlap the Konkan and Malabar Coast continuum; and usually corresponds to the southernmost and northernmost stretches of these locales respectively.
Citations
References
Further reading
External links
Yakshagana
Karavali festival
People from Uttara Kannada
People from Udupi
People from Dakshina Kannada
Category:Regions of Karnataka | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
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9000 (number)
9000 (nine thousand) is the natural number following 8999 and preceding 9001.
In other fields
ISO 9000 is the ISO's standard for Quality Management System in production environments. This includes ISO 9001–9004.
Selected numbers in the range 9001–9999
9001 to 9099
9009 – centered cube number
9025 – 952, centered octagonal number
9029 – Sophie Germain prime
9041 – super-prime
9045 – triangular number
9059 – Sophie Germain prime
9072 – decagonal number
9077 – Markov number
9091 – unique prime
9100 to 9199
9103 – super-prime
9126 – pentagonal pyramidal number
9139 – tetrahedral number
9180 – triangular number
9200 to 9299
9216 – 962
9221 – Sophie Germain prime
9224 – octahedral number
9241 – cuban prime of the form x = y + 1
9261 – 213, largest 4 digit perfect cube
9272 – weird number
9283 – centered heptagonal number
9293 – Sophie Germain prime, super-prime
9300 to 9399
9316 – triangular number
9319 – super-prime
9334 – nonagonal number
9349 – Lucas prime, Fibonacci number
9371 – Sophie Germain prime
9376 – 1-automorphic number
9397 – balanced prime
9400 to 9499
9403 – super-prime
9409 – 972, centered octagonal number
9419 – Sophie Germain prime
9439 – completes the twelfth prime quadruplet set
9453 – triangular number
9455 – square pyramidal number
9457 – decagonal number
9461 – super-prime, twin prime
9467 – safe prime
9473 – Sophie Germain prime, balanced prime, Proth prime
9479 – Sophie Germain prime
9500 to 9599
9539 – Sophie Germain prime, super-prime
9551 – first prime followed by as many as 35 consecutive composite numbers
9587 – safe prime, follows 35 consecutive composite numbers
9591 – triangular number
9600 to 9699
9601 – Proth prime
9604 – 982
9619 – super-prime
9629 – Sophie Germain prime
9647 – centered heptagonal number
9660 – ISO 9660 standard for CD-ROM file system
9661 – super-prime, sum of nine consecutive primes (1049 + 1051 + 1061 + 1063 + 1069 + 1087 + 1091 + 1093 + 1097)
9689 – Sophie Germain prime
9699 – nonagonal number
9700 to 9799
9721 – prime of the form 2p-1
9730 – triangular number
9739 – super-prime
9743 – safe prime
9791 – Sophie Germain prime
9800 to 9899
9800 – member of a Ruth-Aaron pair (first definition) with 9801
9801 – 992, centered octagonal number, member of a Ruth-Aaron pair (first definition) with 9800
9833 – super-prime
9839 – safe prime
9850 – decagonal number
9855 – magic constant of n × n normal magic square and n-Queens Problem for n = 27.
9857 – Proth prime
9859 – super-prime
9870 – triangular number
9871 – balanced prime
9880 – tetrahedral number
9887 – safe prime
9899 – ISO 9899 standard for C programming language
9900 to 9999
9901 – unique prime, sum of seven consecutive primes (1381 + 1399 + 1409 + 1423 + 1427 + 1429 + 1433)
9923 – super-prime, probably smallest certainly executable prime number on x86 MS-DOS
9949 – sum of nine consecutive primes (1087 + 1091 + 1093 + 1097 + 1103 + 1109 + 1117 + 1123 + 1129)
9973 – super-prime, largest four-digit prime
9999 – Kaprekar number, Repdigit
References
Category:Integers | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Arkansas Highway 57 Bridge
The Arkansas Highway 57 Bridge is a Warren pony truss bridge in Stephens, Arkansas. It carries an old alignment of Arkansas Highway 57 over a branch of the Union Pacific Railroad near the city center. The bridge is now closed to traffic; the road on which it is located is now called Ruby Street. The bridge is distinctive in Arkansas for two reasons: first, it was the last bridge of its type on a state highway, and it has a pedestrian sidewalk on the outside of the trusses. It is unknown who built the trusses; the bridge was built in 1928.
The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
See also
List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Arkansas
National Register of Historic Places listings in Ouachita County, Arkansas
References
Category:Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Arkansas
Category:Bridges completed in 1928
Category:Buildings and structures in Ouachita County, Arkansas
Category:1928 establishments in Arkansas
Category:National Register of Historic Places in Ouachita County, Arkansas
Category:Road bridges in Arkansas
Category:Warren truss bridges in the United States | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Reveal (R.E.M. album)
Reveal is the 12th studio album by American alternative rock band R.E.M., released in May 14, 2001 on Warner Bros. After having adjusted to former drummer Bill Berry's departure and releasing Up to mixed response in 1998, R.E.M. released the more upbeat Reveal, co-produced with long-time collaborator Patrick McCarthy. The album received generally positive reviews from music critics.
In 2002, R.E.M. allowed each track of the album to be remixed by different producers and members of the music industry. The resulting remix album, r.e.m.IX, was available as a free download from R.E.M.'s official website. In 2005, Warner Bros. Records issued an expanded two-disc edition of Reveal which includes a CD and a DVD, as well as the original CD booklet with expanded liner notes.
Music
After the electronic experimental direction of Up (1998), Reveal was referred to by Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic as "a conscious return to their classic sound," although Matt LeMay of Pitchfork noticed that Reveal relies "more heavily on synthesized sounds than any of their past albums" with an "increased reliance on burbling, jittering synthesizers". Erlewine himself later acknowledged the album is "heavy on keyboards," whilst Pitchforks Stephen M. Deusner said it was "effects-heavy."
The lead single, "Imitation of Life", became another UK Top 10 hit as well as the band's first number one single in Japan, but floundered at the bottom of the U.S. singles charts. Additional singles from Reveal were "All the Way to Reno (You're Gonna Be a Star)" and "I'll Take the Rain". Building on examples from their previous album, Up, "Beat a Drum", "Summer Turns to High" and "Beachball" are musical homages to The Beach Boys, of whom both Mike Mills and Peter Buck are major fans.
Radiohead's Thom Yorke was going through a period of extreme depression during the late 1990s, which led to severe stage fright. Around that time, Yorke and Michael Stipe were close friends, and Stipe advised Yorke to tell himself: "I'm not here, this isn't happening" whenever he felt he was losing emotional control. This motto eventually became the chorus of Radiohead's "How to Disappear Completely", from Kid A (2000). In turn, this song supposedly inspired Stipe to write Reveals "Disappear".
The album's opening track, "The Lifting", is a prequel to "Daysleeper" from R.E.M.'s 1998 album, Up, and features the same character.
Critical reception
Initial critical response to Reveal was positive ("Probably because it's more melodic than the one before," remarked Peter Buck). At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has received an average score of 76, based on 20 reviews. Q Magazine gave high praise to the album, awarded it the full 5 stars, and listed it as one of the best 50 albums of 2001. Kludge included it on their list of the 25 best albums of 2001.
With early comparisons to Automatic for the People, the critical reaction to Reveal was warmer than the notices which greeted Up in 1998, particularly in the UK, where it reached #1 with healthy sales, reaching platinum status there. In the United States, Reveal peaked at #6 (with 10 weeks on the Billboard 200) and was certified Gold (500,000 units). The album was also certified Gold in Canada (50,000 units) in 2001, and Gold in Germany (150,000 units).
In 2004, the German version of Rolling Stone ranked the album at number 483 in its list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.
Track listing
All songs written by Peter Buck, Mike Mills and Michael Stipe.
Chorus Side
"The Lifting" – 4:39
"I've Been High" – 3:25
"All the Way to Reno (You're Gonna Be a Star)" – 4:43
"She Just Wants to Be" – 5:22
"Disappear" – 4:11
"Saturn Return" – 4:55
Ring Side
"Beat a Drum" – 4:21
"Imitation of Life" – 3:57
"Summer Turns to High" – 3:31
"Chorus and the Ring" – 4:31
"I'll Take the Rain" – 5:51
"Beachball" – 4:14
Reveal Advance 2001
The February 2001 master of Reveal differed from the March 2001 master of the album, which ended up being the final version. Compared to the official, the differences of the Reveal Advance 2001 disc include:
Two tracks that never made it to the finished version: "Fascinating" and "Free Form Jazz Jam".
An alternative version of "Beat a Drum" called "All I Want."
A longer version of "Imitation of Life."
A version of "All the Way to Reno (You're Gonna Be a Star)" with an alternate ending, and simply titled "Reno."
Slightly different mixes and/or instrumental changes in "I've Been High" and "She Just Wants to Be."
Neither of the unreleased tracks or any of the alternative mixes have ever been released commercially. However, the band allowed the Murmurs.com fan community to offer downloads of "Fascinating," which had recently been covered by Fischerspooner. In September 2019, R.E.M. made a later version of the song “Fascinating” available to benefit global organization Mercy Corps’ Hurricane Dorian relief and recovery efforts in the Bahamas; "Fascinating” was rerecorded in 2004 at Nassau’s Compass Point Studios.
Personnel
R.E.M.
Peter Buck – guitar
Mike Mills – bass guitar, keyboards
Michael Stipe – vocals
Additional personnel
Chris Bilheimer – art
Pat McCarthy – production
Scott McCaughey – guitar
Ken Stringfellow – keyboards
Joey Waronker – drums and percussion
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
See also
Not Bad for No Tour
References
Category:R.E.M. albums
Category:Warner Records albums
Category:2001 albums
Category:Albums produced by Peter Buck
Category:Albums produced by Mike Mills
Category:Albums produced by Michael Stipe
Category:Albums produced by Pat McCarthy (record producer) | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Edgar County, Illinois
Edgar County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 18,576. Its county seat is Paris.
History
Edgar County was formed out of Clark County in 1823. It was named for John Edgar, an Irish-born officer in the Royal Navy who resigned rather than fight against the Americans in the Revolutionary War. Edgar moved to Kaskaskia, Illinois in 1784, becoming a miller and merchant in that town.
Geography
According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.1%) is water.
There is one recreational area in the county, on the north edge of Paris. Twin Lakes Park and Reservoir began in 1895 upon completion of the dam compounding the Twin Lakes Reservoir.
Climate and weather
In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Paris have ranged from a low of in January to a high of in July, although a record low of was recorded in January 1930 and a record high of was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from in January to in July.
Adjacent counties
Vermilion County – north
Vermillion County, Indiana – northeast
Vigo County, Indiana – southeast
Clark County – south
Coles County – southwest
Douglas County – west
Champaign County – northwest
Transportation
Major highways
US Route 36
US Route 150
Illinois Route 1
Illinois Route 16
Illinois Route 49
Illinois Route 133
Rail
Three railroad lines run through the county. Two are operated by CSX Transportation and the third by the Eastern Illinois Railroad Company.
Airport
The county contains one public-use airport: Edgar County Airport (PRG), six miles (10 km) north of Paris.
Demographics
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 18,576 people, 7,839 households, and 5,148 families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 8,803 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 98.3% white, 0.3% black or African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.1% American Indian, 0.3% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.0% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 23.6% were German, 15.3% were Irish, 13.0% were English, and 12.3% were American.
Of the 7,839 households, 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 34.3% were non-families, and 29.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.84. The median age was 43.2 years.
The median income for a household in the county was $39,904 and the median income for a family was $51,588. Males had a median income of $38,945 versus $29,951 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,175. About 9.7% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.2% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.
Communities
Cities
Chrisman
Paris
Villages
Brocton
Hume
Kansas
Metcalf
Redmon
Vermilion
Unincorporated communities
Borton
Dudley
Edgar
Elbridge
Isabel
Nevins
Oliver
Raven
Sandford, Indiana (on E. county line, in Indiana)
Scottland
Woodyard
Former communities
Bell Ridge
Bloomfield
Catfish
Cherry Point
Clays Prairie
Conlogue
Dudley
Ferrel
Garland
Grandview
Harris
Hildreth
Horace
Huffmanville
Hughes
Illiana
Kentucky
Kidley
Logan
Mabel
Marley
Mays
McCown
Melwood
Mortimer
New Athens
Palermo
Quaker
Scotts
Warrington
West Sandford
Wetzel
Townships
Brouilletts Creek
Buck
Edgar
Elbridge
Embarrass
Grandview
Hunter
Kansas
Paris
Prairie
Ross
Shiloh
Stratton
Symmes
Young America
Politics
A swing county in the first eight decades after the Civil War, Edgar County has since become powerfully Republican. It has been carried by only two Democrats since 1940 – Lyndon Johnson in 1964 by just 139 votes, and Bill Clinton in 1992 by a 41.1 percent plurality. Like all of the Upland South it has seen drastic swings away from the Democratic Party in the past few elections due to opposition to that party’s liberal views on social issues: Hillary Clinton’s 22.7 percent vote share in 2016 was by 9.3 percent the worst ever by a Democrat in the county.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Edgar County, Illinois
References
US Census Bureau 2007 TIGER/Line Shapefiles
US Board on Geographic Names (GNIS)
US National Atlas
External links
Edgar County Fact Sheet, Illinois State Archives
Edgar County, Illinois History and Genealogy
Category:Illinois counties
Category:1823 establishments in Illinois
Category:Populated places established in 1823 | {
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Csabrendek
Csabrendek is a village in Veszprém county, Hungary.
External links
Street map (Hungarian)
References
Category:Populated places in Veszprém County | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Marius Paškevičius
Marius Paškevičius (born 31 October 1979) is a Lithuanian judoka.
Achievements
He achieved semi-finals in the heavyweight division at the 2015 European Judo Championships, which coincided with the 2015 European Games, losing to the eventual Gold medal winner Adam Okruashvili of Georgia.
On November 1, 2015 he competed in Grand Slam judo in Abu Dhabi, winning at least one round by ippon.
References
External links
Judo videos of Marius Paškevičius in action (judovision.org)
Category:1979 births
Category:Living people
Category:Lithuanian male judoka
Category:Judoka at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Category:Judoka at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Category:Olympic judoka of Lithuania
Category:Judoka at the 2015 European Games
Category:European Games competitors for Lithuania | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Sentharapatti
Sendarapatti, also known as Senthalai, is a panchayat town in Salem district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Sentharapatti is a Town Panchayat city in district of Salem, Tamil Nadu. The Sentharapatti city is divided into 15 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The Sentharapatti Town Panchayat has population of 14,308 of which 7,067 are males while 7,241 are females as per report released by Census India 2011. Population of Children with age of 0-6 is 1365 which is 9.54 % of total population of Sentharapatti (TP). In Sentharapatti Town Panchayat, Female Sex Ratio is of 1025 against state average of 996. Moreover Child Sex Ratio in Sentharapatti is around 970 compared to Tamil Nadu state average of 943. Literacy rate of Sentharapatti city is 71.30 % lower than state average of 80.09 %. In Sentharapatti, Male literacy is around 79.06 % while female literacy rate is 63.78 %. Sentharapatti Town Panchayat has total administration over 3,894 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to build roads within Town Panchayat limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.
Reference:
http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3307_PART_B_DCHB_SALEM.pdf
References
Category:Cities and towns in Salem district | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Wish (Reamonn album)
Wish is the fourth studio album by the German pop rock band Reamonn. It was recorded in 2006 and released on April 21, 2006 through Universal Music. All tracks were written by Rea Garvey, Mike Gommeringer, Uwe Bossert, Philipp Rauenbusch and Sebastian Padotzke, the members of Reamonn.
The album was produced in Los Angeles with producer Greg Fidelman, who had previously worked with Red Hot Chili Peppers and Johnny Cash.
Singles
"Promise (You and Me)" was released as a maxi single from the album on March 24, 2006. It was accompanied by a music video, filmed in Ireland and reminding of a Lord of the Rings scenery. The song has charted in Germany at number 17, in Austria at number 29, and in Switzerland at number 35.
"Tonight" was released as the second single on July 7, 2006. The song charted at number 11 in Germany, number 28 in Austria, and at number 20 in Switzerland.
"The Only Ones" was the third single to promote the album, released on December 8, 2006. It featured Lucie Silvas. The song charted at number 23 in Germany, number 26 in Austria, and number 32 in Switzerland. The single contained a B-side titled "Never Lettin' Go (Good Times)".
"Serpentine" was the fourth and final single from the album, released on May 25, 2007. It featured Lenny Castro on shakers. "Serpentine" charted at number 38 in Germany, and number 66 in Austria.
Commercial performance
In Germany, the album spent 15 weeks on the charts peaking at number 2. In Switzerland, it reached number 2, spending a total of 33 weeks on the charts. In Austria, it peaked at number 13 during a 15-week stay on the chart.
Track listings
Personnel
Additional musicians
Lenny Castro – percussion
Technical personnel
Greg Fidelman – mixing, production
Mike Terry – engineering
Jim Monti – engineering
Dan Monti – additional engineering
Paul Figueroa – additional engineering, assistant engineering
Jason Mott – assistant engineering
Stephen Marcussen – mastering
Cindi Peters – production coordination
Charts and certifications
Weekly charts
Certifications
Release history
The release history of the versions of the album in three published countries.
Wish Live
Wish Live is a live album, released in Germany, Austria and Switzerland on June 1, 2007 in the CD/DVD format. It contained twelve tracks and one bonus track. It was recorded during the 2006 Wish Tour in Germany. Lucie Silvas toured with Reamonn during the Wish Tour, and performed solo and with the band.
Track listing
References
External links
Reamonn: Wish at Last.fm
Reamonns Official English Website
Category:Reamonn albums
Category:2006 albums
Category:Albums produced by Greg Fidelman | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
List of African studies journals
This is a list of articles about academic journals related to the field of African Studies
A
Abasebenzi
ACBF Newsletter
Acta Germanica
Africa
Africa & Asia: Göteborg Working Papers on Asian and African Languages and Literatures
Africa Bibliography
Africa Confidential
Africa Development
Africa Education Review
Africa Insight
Africa Media Review
Africa Renewal
Africa Report
Africa Research Bulletin
Africa Review of Books
Africa Spectrum
Africa Today
Africa Update
Africa Week
Africa Yearbook
Africa-Asia Confidential
African Affairs
African and Asian Studies
African and Black Diaspora: an International Journal
African Anthropologist
African Archaeological Review
African Arts
African Book Publishing Record
African Communist
African Crop Science Journal
African Development Perspectives Yearbook
African Development Review
African Economic History
African Economic History Review
African Economic Outlook
African Environment
African Finance Journal
African Health Sciences
African Historical Review
African Human Rights Law Journal
African Human Rights Law Reports
African Identities
African Issues
African Journal for the Psychological Study of Social Issues
African Journal of AIDS Research
African Journal of Ecology
African Journal of International Affairs and Development
African Journal of International and Comparative Law
African Journal of Library, Archives and Information Science
African Journal of Political Economy
African Journal of Political Science
African Journal on Conflict Resolution
African Journals OnLine
African Languages and Cultures
African Markets Overview
African Music (journal)
African Natural History
African Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety
African Population Studies
African Renaissance
African Safety Promotion
African Security Review
African Skies
African Studies
African Studies Abstracts Online
African Studies Monograph
African Studies Quarterly
African Studies Review
African Study Monographs
African Symposium
Africana Libraries Newsletter
Africanus
Afrique & Histoire
Afrique contemporaine
Annales Aequatoria
B
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
C
Cahiers d'Études africaines
Callaloo
Canadian Journal of African Studies
Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa
Cuadernos de estudios africanos
D
Development Southern Africa
Die Burger
G
GIGA Focus Afrika
I
International Journal of African Historical Studies
J
Journal of Africa and Middle East Studies
Journal of African Cultural Studies
Journal of African Earth Sciences
Journal of African Economies
Journal of African History
Journal of African Law
Journal of Contemporary African Studies
Journal of Eastern African Studies
Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law
Journal of Modern African Studies
Journal of Religion in Africa
Journal of Social Development in Africa
Journal of Southern African Studies
Journal of West African Languages
Journal on African Philosophy
K
Kroniek van Afrika
L
Leeds African Studies Bulletin
M
Matatu
Le Monde diplomatique
P
Philosophia Africana
Politeia
Politique africaine
Pula
Q
Quest
R
Review of African Political Economy
Rhodesiana
S
SOAS working papers in linguistics
South African Geographical Journal
South African Journal of Geology
South African Historical Journal
South African Journal of Science
Sudan Tribune
T
Transition Magazine
W
Water SA
World Development
Z
Zaïre. Revue Congolaise-Congoleesch Tijdschrift
Zambezia
See also
African Journals OnLine
African studies | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Lauritz Smith
Lauritz Nicholaisen Smith (or Smidt) (October 5, 1830 – June 16, 1924) was an early Mormon leader and one of the founders of Draper, Utah, United States.
Early life
Smith was born October 5, 1830, in Hjørring, Denmark, to Lutheran parents Nicolai Smidt Christensen and Karen Marie Christensdatter.
Conversion, marriage, and emigration
A blacksmith by trade, Smith joined the LDS Church in August 1851. His future wife, Maren Kirsten Mikelsen, whom he did not know at the time, joined eight months later.
After joining the church, Smith labored with the missionaries in the Hjørring area, despite a ban on church services that were not Lutheran in nature. He eventually moved on to Schleswig, then in 1854 joined an emigrant party in Holstein-Glückstadt. The group crossed the sea to Hull, England, then traveled by rail to Liverpool to arrange trans-Atlantic passage.
The group sailed on January 3, 1854, from Liverpool, England, on the ship Jessie Munn, a Canadian-built square rig. Smith and Maren Kirsten Mikelsen, who had been baptized eight months after him, were married at sea. In addition, Smith was appointed to take care of the German church members on board. The ship arrived in New Orleans on March 22, after which the group proceeded on to the future Kansas City area by riverboat in order to outfit for the trek across the Great Plains to Utah Territory. The group suffered several cholera deaths on the Mississippi and Missouri rivers.
Settling Utah
The Smiths arrived in Salt Lake City on October 15, 1854, and settled on on the eastern edge of South Willow Creek, near the south end of the valley. Smith had the reputation of being "the best plow-maker in the [Salt Lake] valley."
Smith began practicing plural marriage when he married Johanne Kirstine Jensen in 1867.
Hideout for Porter Rockwell
After dining with the Smiths one day, Brigham Young complimented Maren on her cooking, then asked her to provide food for his bodyguard, Orrin Porter Rockwell, when he was in the area. She agreed to do so, and Rockwell subsequently used the Smiths' farm fields as a hideout when seeking protection from his enemies. "A child of Lauritz recounted the experience of taking a pot of stew to the pasture, leaving it, and then returning for the empty pot on a regular basis, not knowing why or who it was for."
Death
Smith died at the age of 93 on June 16, 1924. His home on Pioneer Road in Draper is on the National Register of Historic Places.
References
Category:1830 births
Category:1924 deaths
Category:Mormon pioneers
Category:Danish leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Category:Danish emigrants to the United States
Category:American city founders
Category:People from Draper, Utah
Category:Converts to Mormonism from Lutheranism | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Plantaže
Plantaže (; MNSE: PLAP) is a Montenegrin wine and grape brandy producer.
Overview
AD Plantaže, a joint stock company presently incorporated into Holding company "Agrokombinat 13 jul", is the biggest Montenegrin viticultural and winemaking company, and one of the biggest companies in Montenegro overall. The company is based in the Montenegrin capital of Podgorica.
It was founded in 1963, and deals with the production of wine and table grapes, peach, production and distribution of wine and grape brandies, fish farming, catering and retail trade. The most important segment of the company is related to the production of grapes and wine, and it owns one of the largest vineyards in Europe with over surface, covered with more than 11 million grapevines. The vineyards are situated in the Ćemovsko polje, a flat and sunny area located south of Podgorica.
AD Plantaže is one of the largest producers of grapes and wine in the region, with an annual production of wine grapes close to 22 million kg, and 17 million bottles sold annually. The company exports its products to over 30 countries, and is the market leader in its sector in the Balkans region.
Products
Wines
Red wines:
Vranac
Vranac Pro Corde
Merlot
Cabernet
White wines:
Chardonnay
Krstač
Grape brandies
Montenegrin Grape Brandy (Lozova rakija)
Prvijenac
Kruna
References
External links
Official Website
Listing on the Montenegro Stock Exchange
Category:Wineries of Montenegro | {
"pile_set_name": "Wikipedia (en)"
} |
Subsets and Splits