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Depending on the Ramsay version, file collection won’t be restricted to the local system drive, but also will search additional drives such as network or removable drives | ['T1039'] |
We were able to expand on some of the findings about the group and provide insights into the additional variants that it uses. We were able to trace the implant back to at least 2015, where it also had variants intended to hijack the execution of the Telegram and Chrome applications as a persistence method | ['T1036.005'] |
During execution, the code employs byte randomization to obscure its behavior. This is achieved by using the host’s current time as a seed for a pseudorandom number generator, and then performing additional operations against that output. The resulting values are used to overwrite blocks of previously executed code. This byte manipulation is the first anti-analysis technique observed in the code, as any attempt to dump the memory segment would result in illegitimate or incorrect operations | ['T1001.001'] |
The worm deploys the XMRig mining tool to mine monero crypto-currency and generate cash for the attackers. One of the Mining pools they use provides detailed information about the systems the worm has compromised | ['T1496'] |
Avira’s Advanced Threat Research team, has been tracking Mustang Panda APT for a while. According to Avira’s telemetry data, Mustang Panda mostly targets Asia-Pacific (APAC) countries and uses Cobalt or PlugX as payload | ['T1204.002', 'T1049', 'T1560.001', 'T1057', 'T1016', 'T1083'] |
It also deletes Windows Event Logs : Application, Security, Setup, System. It is less focused on deleting documents | ['T1070.001'] |
We have been tracking RDAT since 2017, when we first saw this tool uploaded to a webshell related to the TwoFace webshell discussed in our Striking Oil blog published on September 26, 2017. RDAT has been under active development since 2017, resulting in multiple variations of the tool that rely on both HTTP and DNS tunneling for C2 communications. In June 2018, the developer of RDAT added the ability to use Exchange Web Services (EWS) to send and receive emails for C2 communications. This email-based C2 channel is novel in its design, as it relies on steganography to hide commands and exfiltrates data within BMP images attached to the emails. The combination of using emails with steganographic images to carry the data across the C2 can result in this activity being much more difficult to detect and allow for higher chances of defense evasion | ['T1071.003', 'T1001.002'] |
Comnie Malware Family Comnie uses the RC4 algorithm in multiple locations both to obfuscate strings used by the malware, as well as for network communication. More information about how Comnie handles identified security products may be found in the technical analysis in the Appendix. Comnie is able to achieve persistence via a .lnk file that is stored within the victim’s startup path. When originally run, Comnie will convert itself from an executable file to a DLL and will write this newly created DLL to the host machine’s %APPDATA% directory. Unit 42 has observed a total of two variants of Comnie. In older variants, Comnie was found to look for the ‘++a++’ markers. The example C2s used by older variants of Comnie demonstrates this | ['T1547.001'] |
DropBook’s capabilities include checking installed programs and file names for reconnaissance, executing shell commands received from Facebook or Simplenote, and fetching additional payloads from Dropbox and running them | ['T1059.003', 'T1105', 'T1083'] |
The malware uploads the stolen data to third-party cloud storage providers. The sample identified in the wild is configured to upload to pCloud, but functionality to upload to Dropbox, Box and Yandex Cloud is also included | ['T1102.002'] |
Valak C2 traffic returns data as encoded ASCII text that is decoded on the victim host and saved as malware items like script files, EXE used during the infection and data for registry updates for the Valak infection | ['T1564.004', 'T1132.001', 'T1132.001'] |
In addition to the encrypted strings table, BitPaymer replaces the remaining strings in the binary with hashes and uses an algorithm to match these hashes with strings that exist on the host. The hash algorithm has been replicated in Python below | ['T1547.001'] |
It is notable that we have only seen these exploitation attempts leverage publicly available malware such as Cobalt Strike and Meterpreter. While these backdoors are full featured, in previous incidents APT41 has waited to deploy more advanced malware until they have fully understood where they were and carried out some initial reconnaissance. In 2020, APT41 continues to be one of the most prolific threats that FireEye currently tracks. This new activity from this group shows how resourceful and how quickly they can leverage newly disclosed vulnerabilities to their advantage | ['T1059.001'] |
In the old campaign the actor used TextBoxes to store its data while in the new one the content has been base64 encoded within the document content. In the new campaign JavaScript files have been used to execute batch and PowerShell files. The new campaign uses Powershell and URLMON API calls to download the cab file while in the old campaign it used certutil to download the cab file. The new campaign has used two different UAC bypass techniques based on the victim’s OS while in the old one the actor only used the Token Impersonation technique. In the new campaign the actor has developed a new variant of Konni RAT that is heavily obfuscated. Also, its configuration is encrypted and is not base64 encoded anymore | ['T1560'] |
The “sysid” parameter contains a campaign ID in newer versions of the malware, the Windows version running on the infected machine, system architecture, username, and a random integer | ['T1082'] |
Two days later, a second email — purportedly a warning from a Pakistani military about the Pegasus spyware — containing a cutt.ly link to a malicious encrypted Word document and the password for decryption will be sent to the target. The sender address impersonates a service similar to that on the first email (alert@ispr.gov.pk | ['T1566.002'] |
Key points PureCrypter is a fully-featured loader being sold since at least March 2021 The malware has been observed distributing a variety of remote access trojans and information stealers The loader is a .NET executable obfuscated with SmartAssembly and makes use of compression, encryption and obfuscation to evade antivirus softwar | ['T1547.001'] |
The Gamaredon group has been active since at least 2013. Contrary to other APT groups, the Gamaredon group seems to make no effort in trying to stay under the radar. Typical Gamaredon compromise chain . While most of the recent publications have focused on the spearphishing emails together with the downloaders they contain, this blogpost focuses on the post-compromise tools deployed on these systems. Office macro injection module – CodeBuilder . We analyzed different variants of malicious modules used by the Gamaredon group to inject malicious macros or remote templates into documents already present on the compromised system. It then scans for documents with valid Word or Excel file extensions on all drives connected to the system. The most prevalent tools downloaded and installed on compromised machines can be broadly grouped into two different categories: downloaders and backdoors. Backdoors – file stealers . While some variations exist in functionalities, the main purpose of these modules is to enumerate all documents on a compromised system and upload them to the C&C server. The behavior of this module is quite straightforward: it scans the system for new Microsoft Office documents, both on local and removable drives, and uploads them to the C&C server. Quality of execution . We were able to collect numerous different samples of malicious scripts, executables and documents used by the Gamaredon group throughout their campaigns. Conclusion . Despite the simplicity of most of their tools, the Gamaredon group also is capable of deploying some novelty, such as their Outlook VBA module | ['T1119'] |
Emotet is an advanced, modular banking Trojan that primarily functions as a downloader or dropper of other banking Trojans. Additionally, Emotet is a polymorphic banking Trojan that can evade typical signature-based detection. It has several methods for maintaining persistence, including auto-start registry keys and services. Furthermore, Emotet is Virtual Machine-aware and can generate false indicators if run in a virtual environment | ['T1547.001'] |
The vmtools.dll file is a modified DLL that both ensures persistence and loads MSBuild.exe, which is the BADNEWS malware renamed to spoof a legitimate Microsoft Visual Studio tool. A number of commands are provided to the attackers, including the ability to download and execute additional information, upload documents of interest, and take screenshots of the desktop. This malware family used the new mutex ‘com_mycompany_apps_appname_new’. This variant of BADNEWS uses different filenames compared to previous versions. All of these files reside in the victim’s %TEMP% directory: Other changes we noticed in this variant include how the malware obfuscates C2 information stored via dead drop resolvers. BADNEWS performs many of the expected functions associated with previous versions including keylogging and identifying files of interest. Unlike a previously reported variant, this version of BADNEWS no longer looks at USB drives for interesting files. It continues to seek out files with the following extensions: In order to prepare for C2 communication, BADNEWS will aggregate various victim information, which is appended to two strings. C2 communication is also updated from prior versions, with the following commands now supported by BADNEWS: During C2 communications, BADNEWS will communicate to the C2 previously identified via HTTP. Through the use of relatively new exploits, as well as a constantly evolving malware toolset, they aim to compromise prominent organizations and individuals to further their goals. One of the malware families tied to this group, BADNEWS, continues to be updated both in how it uses dead drop resolvers, as well as how it communicates with a remote C2 server | ['T1105'] |
Fast-paced intrusion • Very stealthy • Rapidly changing tactics • Employed advanced attack techniques 4) 4. All rights reserved.23 Our Response: Tackled Attacker WMI Usage ADVANCED ATTACK TECHNIQUES 24) 24. Captured entire functions of PS scripts, attacker commands, script output, etc. Wrote indicators based on observed attacker activity • Identified lateral movement, unique backdoors, credential theft, data theft, recon, persistence creation, etc. All rights reserved.25 Our Response: Increased PowerShell Visibility ADVANCED ATTACK TECHNIQUES 26) 26. All rights reserved.27 Our Response: Addressed Ticket Attacks ADVANCED ATTACK TECHNIQUES Event ID 4624 Event ID 4672 Event ID 4634 28) 28. All rights reserved.29 BONUS SLIDE: Even More WMI + PS FUN FACT: We saw the attacker test this backdoor before deployment 30) 30 | ['T1550.003'] |
Stage2.exe is a beaconing implant that performs an HTTPS connection to download a JPG file hosted on Discord’s content delivery network (CDN). Discord’s CDN is a user-created service that allows users to host attachments and is not malicious. The hosted file is retrieved from the following URL | ['T1102'] |
Volgmer payloads have been observed in 32-bit form as either executables or dynamic-link library (.dll) files. The malware uses a custom binary protocol to beacon back to the command and control (C2) server, often via TCP port 8080 or 8088, with some payloads implementing Secure Socket Layer (SSL) encryption to obfuscate communications | ['T1573.002'] |
Encrypting the data. Exfiltrating gathered data through a POST request or by uploading it to an FTP server. Sending execution logs to a remote server | ['T1048.003'] |
Spreadsheets and documents with customer lists, investments and trading operations - Internal presentations - Software licenses and credentials for trading software/platforms - Cookies and session information from browsers - Email credentials - Customer credit card information and proof of address/identity documents | ['T1539'] |
The C# variant of RogueRobin attempts to detect if it is executing in a sandbox environment using the same commands as in the PowerShell variant of RogueRobin. The series of commands, as seen in Table 2, include checks for virtualized environments, low memory, and processor counts, in addition to checks for common analysis tools running on the system. The Trojan also checks to see if a debugger is attached to its processes and will exit if it detects the presence of a debugger | ['T1047', 'T1497.001'] |
APT39 facilitates lateral movement through myriad tools such as Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), Secure Shell (SSH), PsExec, RemCom, and xCmdSvc. Custom tools such as REDTRIP, PINKTRIP, and BLUETRIP have also been used to create SOCKS5 proxies between infected hosts. In addition to using RDP for lateral movement, APT39 has used this protocol to maintain persistence in a victim environment. To complete its mission, APT39 typically archives stolen data with compression tools such as WinRAR or 7-Zip | ['T1547.001', 'T1021.004', 'T1018', 'T1560.001', 'T1021.001', 'T1090.001'] |
is responsible for a vast amount of information stealing, and is able to collect information through hooking, clipboard usage, and monitoring the keystate | ['T1115'] |
At this time, Janicab is not detected by most anti-virus software, and it slips right past the built-in defenses of Mac OS X in the hands of an unobservant or unsavvy user. Further, seeing other malware using a signed app is troubling, as it may indicate that Gatekeeper will not offer as much security as had been hoped for | ['T1553.002'] |
All this information is stored in the C:\Users\Public\Videos\si.ini file and sent in an email message, as an attachment, via SMTPS, using the default port 465. The email body contains the string SI (which probably stands for System Information), the recipient is sym777.g@post.cz. For all email exchange, the message’s Subject: set to the id | ['T1074.001'] |
If no exceptions occur, the Windows executable drops a DLL file in the user's AppData\Local\Temp\ directory, creates a randomly-named folder under C:\ProgramData\ directory and moves the DLL under that folder as a random file name. This Redaman DLL is made persistent through a scheduled Windows task with the following properties | ['T1036.004'] |
This report provides background on Windows container vulnerabilities, gives a technical overview of Siloscape and offers recommendations on best practices for securing Windows containers | ['T1068'] |
Fine-tuning DaserfOur analyses revealed Daserf regularly undergo technical improvements to keep itself under the radar against traditional anti-virus (AV) detection. Daserf 1.72 and later versions use the alternative base64+RC4 to encrypt the feedback data, while others use different encryption such as 1.50Z, which uses the Ceasar cipher (which substitutes letters in plaintext with another that corresponds to a number of letters, either upwards or downwards | ['T1027.002', 'T1027.005', 'T1027'] |
MSTIC previously tracked ACTINIUM activity as DEV-0157, and this group is also referred to publicly as Gamaredon | ['T1105', 'T1608.001', 'T1059.001', 'T1059.005'] |
At first glance, these links generally cause less suspicion for the targets. After opening the links and several redirections, the victims are led to final phishing domains such as “mobile[.]recover-session-service[.]site” etc | ['T1583.001'] |
On July 18, 2018, one day after the AZORult update above was announced, we observed a campaign delivering thousands of messages targeting North America that used the new version of AZORult. The messages used employment-related subjects such as “About a role” and “Job Application”. The attached documents used file names in the format of “firstname.surname_resume.doc | ['T1140'] |
The final payload created by the aforementioned process is a well known backdoor, also known as ROKRAT by Cisco Talos. One of its main functions is to steal information. Upon execution, this malware creates 10 random directory paths and uses them for a specially designated purpose | ['T1083'] |
The executables installed by the compiled AutoIt scripts is a backdoor that Molerats has used in many attack campaigns. Based on our research, the Spark backdoor has been used by Molerats since at least early 2017, as it was the main payload in the Operation Parliament campaign reported by Kaspersky | ['T1218.007'] |
To obtain the session ID and pre-shared key, the payload will issue a query to resolve the following domain: mail. random number between 100000 and 999999>.<c2 name> This request notifies the C2 server that the payload is about to send system specific data as part of the initial handshake | ['T1016'] |
Numbered Panda has a long list of high-profile victims and is known by a number of names including: DYNCALC, IXESHE, JOY RAT, APT-12, etc. Numbered Panda has targeted a variety of victims including but not limited to media outlets, high-tech companies, and multiple governments. Numbered Panda has targeted organizations in time-sensitive operations such as the Fukushima Reactor Incident of 2011, likely filling intelligence gaps in the ground cleanup/mitigation operations. One of the most interesting techniques that Numbered Panda likes to use is to dynamically calculate the Command and Control (C2) port by resolving a DNS. The malware will typically use two DNS names for communication: one is used for command and control; the other is used with an algorithm to calculate the port to communicate to. There are several variations of the algorithm used to calculate the C2 port, but one of the most common is to multiply the first two octets of the IP address and add the third octet to that value. Numbered Panda will frequently use blogs or WordPress in the c2 infrastructure, which helps to make the network traffic look more legitimate. CrowdStrike has observed Numbered Panda targeting high-tech, defense contractors, media organizations, and western governments. Disclosure of this information went through the same IGL process as discussed in the Whois Anchor Panda blog post | ['T1102.002'] |
To perform this task, the developer used the GDI API: A keylogger is also present in the analyzed sample. The SetWindowsHookEx() API is used to retrieve the stroked keys. The GetKeyNameText() API is used to retrieve a string that represents the name of a key. In addition to the key, the title of the foreground window is stored in order to known where the infected user is typing (by using the GetForegroundWindow() and GetWindowText() API | ['T1010'] |
Key Points PrivateLoader is a downloader malware family that was first identified in early 2021 The loader’s primary purpose is to download and execute additional malware as part of a pay-per-install (PPI) malware distribution service PrivateLoader is used by multiple threat actors to distribute ransomware, information stealers, banking t | ['T1105'] |
AT&T Alien Labs has discovered new malicious files distributed by the threat actor TeamTNT. The use of open-source tools like Lazagne allows TeamTNT to stay below the radar for a while, making it more difficult for anti-virus companies to detect | ['T1082', 'T1049'] |
It also creates a pipe for inter-process communication (IPC) by calling the pipe() function for getting two file descriptors for reading and writing data. It also enables non-blocking I/O for the writing file descriptor by using ioctl | ['T1559'] |
The threat actor abused the stolen credentials to create rogue, high-privileged domain user accounts which they then used to take malicious action. By creating these accounts, they ensured they would maintain access between different waves of the attack. Once the threat actor regains their foothold, they already have access to a high-privileged domain user account | ['T1078', 'T1136.002'] |
Since September of 2018, Redaman banking malware has been distributed through malspam. These emails have file attachments. These file attachments are archived Windows executable files disguised as a PDF document. In September 2018, the attachments were zip archives. In October 2018, the attachments were zip archives, 7-zip archives, and rar archives. In November 2018, the attachments were rar archives. And in December 2018, the attachments changed to gzip archives with file names ending in .gz | ['T1027', 'T1566.001', 'T1036'] |
Volexity has worked with multiple victim organizations to assist with incident response efforts and to remedy their compromised systems. This process lead to the identification of different ways the OceanLotus group gains access to the compromised websites and how they maintain access | ['T1505.003'] |
Anomali Labs has detected a new campaign by the threat group Rocke. In this campaign, the group has changed from using a Python-based malware to a malware written in Golang. The detection of this new malware is nearly non-existent. In addition, the group uses a private mining pool to reduce the risks of being detected | ['T1059.006'] |
Winnti Linux variant’s core functionality is within ‘libxselinux’. Upon execution, an embedded configuration is decoded from the data section using a simple XOR cipher. An example Python function to decode this configuration is shown below | ['T1027', 'T1140'] |
Lazarus Group is one of the most sophisticated North Korean APTs that has been active since 2009. The group is responsible for many high profile attacks in the past and has gained worldwide attention. The Malwarebytes Threat Intelligence team is actively monitoring its activities and was able to spot a new campaign on Jan 18th 2022 | ['T1105'] |
The payload is an application that creates a hidden window (the name of the class and the window is SK_Parasite | ['T1564.003'] |
kaudited — A file installed as /usr/bin/kaudited. This binary will drop and install several loadable kernel modules (LKMs) on the infected machine. To ensure that the infected machine won’t crash due to the kernel-mode rootkits, it uses different modules for specific kernel versions. The kaudited binary also drops a watchdog component that will monitor the cryptocurrency miner file and process | ['T1105'] |
These credentials are used in a credential stuffing or password spraying attack against the victim’s remote services, such as webmail or other internet reachable mail services. After obtaining a valid account, they use this account to access the victim’s VPN, Citrix or another remote service that allows access to the network of the victim. Information regarding these remotes services is taken from the mailbox, cloud drive, or other cloud resources accessible by the compromised account. As soon as they have a foothold on a system (also known as patient zero or index case), they check the permissions of the account on that system, and attempt to obtain a list of accounts with administrator privileges. With this list of administrator-accounts, the adversary performs another password spraying attack until a valid admin account is compromised. With this valid admin account, a Cobalt Strike beacon is loaded into memory of patient zero. From here on the adversary stops using the victim’s remote service to access the victim’s network, and starts using the Cobalt Strike beacon for remote access and command and control | ['T1078.002'] |
TIN WOODLAWNTIN WOODLAWN is a targeted threat group, active since at least 2014, that CTU researchers assess with moderate confidence is operated or tasked by the Vietnamese government. TIN WOODLAWN is technically capable and uses a range of techniques including template injection, obfuscated macros and steganography for malware delivery, memory-resident malware, use of native command line scripts for Cobalt Strike persistence, and non-standard command and control channels such as DNS and ICMP.ToolsTaegis™ XDR Adversary Software Coverage Tool | ['T1059.001'] |
As mentioned in our earlier technical report on Trojan.Hydraq, the back door allows the attacker to perform any of the following activities: - Adjust token privileges. Create, modify, and delete registry subkeys. Retrieve a list of logical drives. Uninstall itself by deleting the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\RaS[FOUR RANDOM CHARACTERS] subkey | ['T1012'] |
Hancitor, a loader that provides Malware as a Service, has been observed distributing malware such as FickerStealer | ['T1566.001'] |
The third campaign deployed a different custom RPC backdoor to that used in the second campaign. This backdoor used code derived from the publicly available PowerShellRunner tool to execute PowerShell scripts without using powershell.exe. Prior to execution, the PowerShell scripts were stored Base64-encoded in the registry | ['T1059.003'] |
A typical response from the C2 server is a legitimate-looking webpage containing the string “!DOCTYPE html”, which the malware checks. The malware then locates a Base64-encoded blob, which it decodes and proceeds to load as a shellcode | ['T1140'] |
One of the Cobalt 2.0 Group’s latest campaigns, an attack that leads to a Cobalt Strike beacon and to JavaScript backdoor, was investigated and presented by the Talos research team. Morphisec has investigated different samples from the same campaign. The following analysis presents our findings, focusing on the additional sophistication patterns and attribution patterns | ['T1059.007'] |
The malware will collect data from the victim machine and write this information to LOCALAPPDATA%\MicroSoft Updatea\uplog.tmp. The following information is collected from the victim | ['T1074.001'] |
Like most ransomware, Sodinokibi encrypts files and adds a random extension such as “test.jpg.1cd8t9ahd5” (Data Encrypted for Impact, ATT&CK T1486). It also drops a ransom note in folders that contain encrypted files. The name of the ransom note is the random extension added to the encrypted files. For example, if the extension is ".1cd8t9ahd5", the ransom message filename will be called "1cd8t9ahd5-HOW-TO-DECRYPT.txt | ['T1486'] |
The DUBNIUM samples are distributed in various ways, one instance was using a zero-day exploit that targets Adobe Flash, in December 2015 | ['T1203'] |
The payload decryption routine uses a custom symmetric algorithm based on arithmetic and byte-shift instructions – a combination of SHL/SHR/SUB/ADD/XOR – with hardcoded keys | ['T1140'] |
This recent APT10 activity has included both traditional spear phishing and access to victim’s networks through service providers. For more information on infection via service providers see M-Trends 2016). APT10 spear phishes have been relatively unsophisticated, leveraging .lnk files within archives, files with double extensions (e.g. Redacted]_Group_Meeting_Document_20170222_doc_.exe) and in some cases simply identically named decoy documents and malicious launchers within the same archive | ['T1204.002'] |
Malicious web shell activity as observed in the Cybereason solution. Commands executed via a modified version of the China Chopper web shell | ['T1059.003', 'T1505.003'] |
This campaign is different from prior activity because a new dropper was observed being used by Rocke that is written in Go (Golang) instead of Python. The detection for the malware on VirusTotal (VT) is nearly non-existent. Figure 1, below, shows the detections for the most recent sample submitted to VT. It can be seen that only one engine successfully detected it as malicious | ['T1057'] |
On June 12, QakBot continued its evolution. The delivery method of a .ZIP file to malicious .VBS was the same, but this time QakBot also dropped a Zloader payload on its victim. Beginning around 14:24 UTC, Falcon Complete observed QakBot threat actors using a new .VBS payload | ['T1059.005'] |
While the decoy in Figure 2 is displayed, the macro will search the document for the delimiter ###$$$ and write the base64 encoded text that follows this delimiter to the file %APPDATA%\Base.txt. OopsIE Trojan Analysis The OopsIE Trojan delivered in these attacks is packed with SmartAssembly and further obfuscated with ConfuserEx v1.0.0. By using the InternetExplorer application object, all C2 related requests will look as if they came from the legitimate browser and therefore will not contain any anomalous fields within the request, such as custom User-Agents. As seen in the above request, the Trojan will generate a URL for its beacon with the following structure: http://<c2 domain>/chk. hex(Environment.UserName/Environment.MachineName)> The Trojan will issue a request to this URL to check (hence the chk string in the URL) to see if the C2 server has a command for the Trojan to run. The C2 server will respond to the Trojan’s request by echoing the value <hex(Environment.UserName/Environment.MachineName)> if it wishes to provide additional commands. If the C2 server does not respond with the appropriate echoed data, the Trojan will create a file named srvCheckresponded.tmp in the SpecialFolder.CommonApplicationData folder and write nothing to it before exiting. If the C2 server provides the appropriate echoed data in the response, the Trojan attempts to determine what commands the C2 wishes to run by issuing a request to the following URL: http://<c2 domain>/what. hex(Environment.UserName/Environment.MachineName)> After issuing the what command, the Trojan will parse the C2's response for the string Oops, which the Trojan will treat as the C2 making a mistake and will exit | ['T1041'] |
Replying to @ESETresearchAttackers replaced win_fw.dll, an internal component that is executed during IDA Pro installation, with a malicious DLL. The malicious win_fw.dll creates a Windows scheduled task that starts a second malicious component, idahelper.dll, from the IDA plugins folder | ['T1036.004', 'T1574.002'] |
The maldocs used in this campaign typically contain a malicious VBA macro that downloads and activates the next stage of the infection chain. Although the VBA macro contains an auto open subroutine, it uses several VBA functions registered to trigger if the "Typing replaces selection" property is enabled in Microsoft Word. Appdata%\desktop.iniThe next stage of the VBS is run using wscript.exe using a command such as:%windir%\System32\wscript.exe //e:vbscript //b <path_to_Stage_2>Macros dropping VBS to disk and running via wscript.exe | ['T1140'] |
The injection function is responsible for resolving all the required API calls. It then opens a handle to the target process by using the OpenProcess API. It uses the SizeOfImage field in the NT header of the DLL to be injected into allocated space into the target process along with a separate space for the init_dll function. The purpose of the init_dll function is to initialize the injected DLL and then pass the control flow to the entry point of the DLL. One thing to note here is a simple CreateRemoteThread method is used to start a thread inside the target process unlike the KernelCallbackTable technique used in our macro | ['T1104'] |
SDBbot is a new remote access Trojan (RAT) written in C++ that has been delivered by the Get2 downloader in recent TA505 campaigns. Its name is derived from the debugging log file (sdb.log.txt) and DLL name (BotDLL[.]dll) used in the initial analyzed sample. SDBbot is composed of three pieces: an installer, a loader, and a RAT component | ['T1055.001', 'T1105'] |
This would save them the trouble of needing to load additional malware to exfiltrate files or other material. We are aware of no evidence of follow-up interactions between the operators and successful victims as part of any extortion attempts. Furthermore, Stealth Falcon’s use of JavaScript to profile and de-anonymize victims seems inconsistent with a primary motivation of collecting information that could be used for blackmail | ['T1005'] |
Siloscape mimics CExecSvc.exe privileges by impersonating its main thread and then calls NtSetInformationSymbolicLink on a newly created symbolic link to break out of the container | ['T1134.001'] |
One unique and fairly recent variant is a plain downloader that follows a similar convention to the aforementioned MarkiRAT implants. It also leverages MFC and embeds its logic within a CDialog class, getting executed upon initiation of an MFC dialog object during runtime. The use of this sample diverges from those used by the group in the past, where the payload was dropped by the malware itself, suggesting that the group might be in the process of changing some of its TTPs | ['T1071.001'] |
The implementation details of Seaduke also have some similarities to WellMess, as both use encrypted cookies to transfer metadata about the data being sent and use obfuscated base64 data in HTTP requests as the contents of communications. These techniques are not unique to Blue Kitsune but provide an interesting correlation between the WellMess backdoor and Blue Kitsune tools used since 2015 | ['T1071.001'] |
1) The group delivers a malicious Office lure document to victims, most likely via a spear-phishing email. 2) These lure documents use titles with government, military, and diplomatic themes, and the file names are written in English or Cyrillic languages. These documents are not very sophisticated, but evidence of infections shows that they’re effective | ['T1566.001'] |
In past attacks, the Ragnar Locker group has used exploits of managed service providers or attacks on Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) connections to gain a foothold on targeted networks | ['T1569.002', 'T1543.003'] |
DOMAIN} nltest /domain_trusts /all_trusts net share route print netstat -nao net localgroup qwinsta WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_BIOS WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_DiskDrive WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_PhysicalMemory WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_Product WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_PnPEntity - whoami /all - arp -a - ipconfig /all - net view /all - cmd /c set - - nltest /domain_trusts /all_trusts - net share - route print - netstat -nao - net localgroup - qwinsta - WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_BIOS - WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_DiskDrive - WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_PhysicalMemory - WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_Product - WMI Query ROOT\CIMV2:Win32_PnPEntity | ['T1047'] |
Once gaining the initial foothold into a container, Hildegard establishes either a tmate session or an IRC channel back to the C2. It is unclear how TeamTNT chooses and tasks between these two C2 channels, as both can serve the same purpose. Unit 42 researchers have not observed any commands in the IRC channel. However, the IRC server's metadata indicates that the server was deployed on Jan | ['T1071'] |
Grants system privileges via Windows services - Uses DLL sideloading technique to evade security solutions - Starts and injects code to a new svchost process to prevent tracking | ['T1543.003', 'T1055'] |
This component overwrites the master boot record (MBR) of an infected host with a malicious 16-bit bootloader with a SHA256 hash of | ['T1561.002'] |
Analysis of BRONZE BUTLER's operations, targeting, and capability led CTU researchers to assess that it is likely that the group is located in the PRC. The group has used spearphishing, strategic web compromises (SWCs), and an exploit of a zero-day vulnerability to compromise targeted systems. After exfiltrating targeted data from a network, BRONZE BUTLER typically deletes evidence of its activities. However, it maintains access to compromised environments when possible, periodically revisiting compromised sites to identify new opportunities for data exfiltration | ['T1087.002'] |
Also, the PlugX that Mustang Panda APT uses has some extra features, including spreading through USB, gathering information, and stealing documents in air-gaped networks via USB | ['T1560.003', 'T1074.001'] |
The following commands were used to create and add the DefaultUser account to the local Administrators group, and subsequently hide the account from the Windows logon screen | ['T1087.001', 'T1098', 'T1136.001', 'T1564.002'] |
At this point the C2 sends a JSON with commands to execute, including uploading/downloading files, taking a screenshot and finding *.rar archives on the host | ['T1041'] |
The captured sample used in this analysis is an MSI file named “view-(AVISO)2020.msi” that is spread through a ZIP archive, just as with the previous variant. In the previous analysis, I showed that this MSI file is parsed and executed automatically by MsiExec.exe when a user double clicks on it in Windows OS | ['T1218.007'] |
After gaining an initial foothold on a compromised system, the NICKEL actors routinely performed reconnaissance on the network, working to gain access to additional accounts or higher-value systems. NICKEL typically deployed a keylogger to capture credentials from users on compromised systems | ['T1070', 'T1114.002'] |
In 2011, while still at McAfee, he went on to reveal Comment Crew (which he calls Comment Panda) operating alongside Elderwood. It's called that because the group so often uses a technique involving internal software "comment" features on web pages as a tool to infiltrate target computers | ['T1189'] |
The threat actor initially conducts system reconnaissance to assess the AV software installed and the user privilege | ['T1518.001'] |
We observed the threat group upload a second stage malware, known as BUBBLEWRAP (also known as Backdoor.APT.FakeWinHTTPHelper) to their Dropbox account along with the following command | ['T1049', 'T1069.001'] |
Finally, it deletes Shadow Volume Copies and prevent the victim from using Shadow Volumes to recover their encrypted files | ['T1047', 'T1490'] |
Deriving C2 URLs from a Domain Generation Algorithm (DGA) using lists of domain names, subdomains, top-level domains (TLDs), Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs), file names, and file extensions | ['T1568.002'] |
These fake updates are served via legitimate websites that have been compromised, and use social engineering to trick users into downloading and running a malicious executable. These fake update campaigns appear to be a pay-per-install service that is simply used by INDRIK SPIDER to deliver its malware, as other malware has also been delivered via the same campaigns | ['T1105'] |
Although the developers attempt to use a denylist of files and directories to skip, it was observed encrypting core Windows operating system files, which caused the operating system to become unstable and crash. This was observed when running the ransomware on a Windows 2012 machine | ['T1486'] |
In a new sample of the REvil ransomware discovered by MalwareHunterTeam, a new -smode command-line argument was added that forces the computer to reboot into Safe Mode before encrypting a device | ['T1562.009'] |
The BackConfig custom trojan has a flexible plug-in architecture for components offering various features, including the ability to gather system and keylog information and to upload and execute additional payloads | ['T1105', 'T1082'] |
Since then, the threat actors have expanded delivery to include malicious spam campaigns, RDP attacks, and other attack vectors. In other reports, threat actors breached at least three managed service providers (MSPs) and used the access to deploy REvil to the MSPs' customers | ['T1566'] |
The following diagram illustrates the changes applied to targeted executables after infection has taken place and how these components interact on execution | ['T1091'] |
Basic system enumeration – The script collects the Windows OS version, computer name, and the contents of a file Ni.txt in $APPDATA path; the file is presumably created and filled by different modules that will be downloaded by the main module | ['T1082'] |