sqlserver
stringlengths 59
30k
| plsql
stringlengths 54
4.67k
|
|---|---|
CREATE PROCEDURE create_employee(@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER, p_emp_name IN VARCHAR2, p_emp_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
*** the employee table
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary) VALUES (p_emp_id, p_emp_name, p_emp_salary);
*** ction
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
*** mployee procedure
dbo.create_employee(101, 'John Doe', 10000);
-- Er... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
*** saction
ROLLBACK;
*** message
RAISERROR('-20000 Error during employee creation: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''), 16, 1);
END;
|
PROCEDURE create_employee(p_emp_id IN NUMBER, p_emp_name IN VARCHAR2, p_emp_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
-- Insert data into the employee table
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary) VALUES (p_emp_id, p_emp_name, p_emp_salary);
-- Commit the transaction
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
-- Call the create_employee procedure
create_employee(101, 'John Doe', 10000);
-- Error Handling
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Rollback the transaction
ROLLBACK;
-- Display the error message
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Error during employee creation: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
SET @SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_emp_name = emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(v_emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_emp_name, ''));
IF v_emp_name = 'John Smith' BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is John Smith');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is not John Smith');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID 10');
END
END;
|
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, emp_name INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_emp_name);
IF v_emp_name = 'John Smith' THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is John Smith');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is not John Smith');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID 10');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@employee_id FLOAT := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@employee_id);
IF salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END; | CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
employee_id NUMBER := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(employee_id);
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END; |
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (
@p_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_age IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET name = p_name,
age = p_age
WHERE id = p_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
CREATE FUNCTION my_func (
@p_id IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT name
FROM employees
WHERE id = p_id
);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_name VARCHAR(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_name = name
FROM employees
WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' + isnull(@emp_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with id 1');
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (
p_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_age IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET name = p_name,
age = p_age
WHERE id = p_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION my_func (
p_id IN NUMBER
)
RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT name
FROM employees
WHERE id = p_id
);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' || emp_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with id 1');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_salary DECIMAL(10,2) := 2000;
BEGIN
*** employee with ID 10
UPDATE employees SET salary = @v_salary WHERE employee_id = 10;
*** into table
INSERT INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, order_date) VALUES (1000, 1, GETDATE());
*** dure
CALL calculate_bonus(10);
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
BEGIN
*** invalid data
INSERT INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, order_date) VALUES (-1, 0, NULL);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Invalid data encountered.');
END;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER(10,2) := 2000;
BEGIN
-- Update salary of employee with ID 10
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary WHERE employee_id = 10;
-- Insert new record into table
INSERT INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, order_date) VALUES (1000, 1, SYSDATE);
-- Call stored procedure
CALL calculate_bonus(10);
-- Handle exception
BEGIN
-- Attempt to insert invalid data
INSERT INTO orders (order_id, customer_id, order_date) VALUES (-1, 0, NULL);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Invalid data encountered.');
END;
END;
/
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
INSERT INTO test (col1, col2) VALUES (i, i*i);
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
UPDATE test SET col2 = col2 + 1 WHERE col1 = i;
COMMIT;
END;
SELECT * FROM test;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
ROLLBACK;
END;
|
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
INSERT INTO test (col1, col2) VALUES (i, i*i);
COMMIT;
END LOOP;
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
UPDATE test SET col2 = col2 + 1 WHERE col1 = i;
COMMIT;
END LOOP;
SELECT * FROM test;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
ROLLBACK;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (@p_id IN AS NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO my_table (id, name) VALUES (p_id, 'my_name');
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc (p_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO my_table (id, name) VALUES (p_id, 'my_name');
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('update_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_salary(@emp_id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = @new_salary
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
GO
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
new_salary SET @NUMBER = 50000;
BEGIN
BEGIN
dbo.update_salary(@emp_id, new_salary);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_salary(emp_id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
new_salary NUMBER := 50000;
BEGIN
BEGIN
update_salary(emp_id, new_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@src_table VARCHAR(30) := 'EMPLOYEE';
tgt_table dbo.VARCHAR2(30) := 'EMPLOYEE_BACKUP';
row_count NUMBER;
err_msg dbo.VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
BEGIN
SET @row_count = dbms_output.put_line('Copying data from ' + isnull(@src_table, '') + ' to ' + isnull(tgt_table, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.NEW_LINE;
IF row_count = 0 BEGIN
raiserror('-20001 No rows copied!', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
SET @err_msg = 'Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, '');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(err_msg);
ROLLBACK;
raiserror(-20002, err_msg, 16, 1);
END;
END; | DECLARE
src_table VARCHAR2(30) := 'EMPLOYEE';
tgt_table VARCHAR2(30) := 'EMPLOYEE_BACKUP';
row_count NUMBER;
err_msg VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
BEGIN
row_count := dbms_output.put_line('Copying data from ' || src_table || ' to ' || tgt_table);
DBMS_OUTPUT.NEW_LINE;
IF row_count = 0 THEN
raise_application_error(-20001, 'No rows copied!');
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
err_msg := 'Error: ' || SQLERRM;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(err_msg);
ROLLBACK;
raise_application_error(-20002, err_msg);
END;
END; |
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id, @emp_name = first_name, @sal = salary
-- Fe... SQLINES DEMO ***
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF sal > 5000 BEGIN -- Ch... SQLINES DEMO ***
UPDATE employees *** alary
SET salary = sal * 1.1
WHERE employee_id = 100;
END
-- Er... SQLINES DEMO ***
BEGIN
*** at may raise an exception
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, first_name, salary
INTO emp_id, emp_name, sal -- Fetch employee data
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF sal > 5000 THEN -- Check salary
UPDATE employees -- Update employee salary
SET salary = sal * 1.1
WHERE employee_id = 100;
END IF;
-- Error Handling
BEGIN
-- Some operation that may raise an exception
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle exception
END;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE emp (
empno SMALLINT PRIMARY KEY,
ename VARCHAR(20),
job VARCHAR(10),
sal DECIMAL(7,2)
);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 800);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 1600);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 1250);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 2975);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 1250);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 2850);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 2450);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', 5000);
CREATE PROCEDURE get_emp_info(@p_empno IN AS NUMBER) IS
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_job dbo.VARCHAR2(10);
v_sal ROW_NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_ename = ename, @v_job = job, @v_sal = sal FROM emp WHERE empno = p_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Emp Name: ' + isnull(v_ename, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Emp Job: ' + isnull(v_job, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Emp Salary: ' + isnull(v_sal, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
BEGIN
dbo.get_emp_info(7369);
END;
|
CREATE TABLE emp (
empno NUMBER(4) PRIMARY KEY,
ename VARCHAR2(20),
job VARCHAR2(10),
sal NUMBER(7,2)
);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7369, 'SMITH', 'CLERK', 800);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7499, 'ALLEN', 'SALESMAN', 1600);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7521, 'WARD', 'SALESMAN', 1250);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7566, 'JONES', 'MANAGER', 2975);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7654, 'MARTIN', 'SALESMAN', 1250);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7698, 'BLAKE', 'MANAGER', 2850);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7782, 'CLARK', 'MANAGER', 2450);
INSERT INTO emp VALUES (7839, 'KING', 'PRESIDENT', 5000);
PROCEDURE get_emp_info(p_empno IN NUMBER) IS
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_job VARCHAR2(10);
v_sal NUMBER(7,2);
BEGIN
SELECT ename, job, sal INTO v_ename, v_job, v_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = p_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Emp Name: ' || v_ename);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Emp Job: ' || v_job);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Emp Salary: ' || v_sal);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
BEGIN
get_emp_info(7369);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(@emp_id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT, @OUT err_msg AS VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
*** exists
IF dbo.employee_exists(emp_id) = 0 BEGIN
set @err_msg = 'Employee not found';
RETURN;
END
*** alary
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
set @err_msg = 'Error updating employee salary';
ROLLBACK;
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee(emp_id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER, OUT err_msg VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
-- Check if employee exists
IF employee_exists(emp_id) = 0 THEN
err_msg := 'Employee not found';
RETURN;
END IF;
-- Update employee salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
-- Handle errors
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
err_msg := 'Error updating employee salary';
ROLLBACK;
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@emp_id FLOAT) RETURNS VARCHAR(4000) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_name VARCHAR(100);
SELECT @emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
RETURN @emp_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id FLOAT, @salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees SET salary = @salary
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
WHEN INVALID_NUMBER THEN
RAISERROR('-20000 Invalid salary value.', 16, 1);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found.', 16, 1);
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @emp_salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(100);
IF @emp_salary IS NOT NULL BEGIN
IF @emp_salary < 10000 BEGIN
dbo.update_employee_salary(100, 10000);
END
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_name(emp_id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN emp_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id NUMBER, salary NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN INVALID_NUMBER THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Invalid salary value.');
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found.');
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_salary := get_employee_salary(100);
IF emp_salary IS NOT NULL THEN
IF emp_salary < 10000 THEN
update_employee_salary(100, 10000);
END IF;
END IF;
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_product_details', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_product_details;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_product_details(@product_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
CURSOR prod_details IS
SELECT *
FROM products
WHERE product_id = product_id;
BEGIN
OPEN prod_details;
RETURN prod_details;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_product', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_product;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_product(@product_id IN AS NUMBER, new_price IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE products
SET price = new_price
WHERE product_id = product_id;
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Product not found.', 16, 1);
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @product_info SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SET @product_info = dbo.get_product_details(100);
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH product_info INTO @prod_id, @prod_name, @prod_price;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
dbo.UPDATE_PRODUCT(prod_id, prod_price * 1.1);
END;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No products found.');
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_product_details(product_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR IS
CURSOR prod_details IS
SELECT *
FROM products
WHERE product_id = product_id;
BEGIN
OPEN prod_details;
RETURN prod_details;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_product(product_id IN NUMBER, new_price IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE products
SET price = new_price
WHERE product_id = product_id;
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Product not found.');
END IF;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE product_info SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
product_info := get_product_details(100);
LOOP
FETCH product_info INTO prod_id, prod_name, prod_price;
EXIT WHEN product_info%NOTFOUND;
UPDATE_PRODUCT(prod_id, prod_price * 1.1);
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No products found.');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
IF @v_empno IS NOT NULL BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno INTO v_empno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
IF v_empno IS NOT NULL THEN
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = v_empno;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id FLOAT)
RETURNS FLOAT
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
RETURN @salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE emp_id CURSOR FOR SELECT employee_id FROM employees; OPEN emp_id;
FETCH emp_id INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @emp_salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(emp_id);
IF @emp_salary IS NOT NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(emp_id, '') + ' has a salary of ' + isnull(@emp_salary, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(emp_id, '') + ' not found');
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while getting employee salary for ' + isnull(emp_id, ''));
END;
FETCH emp_id INTO;
END;
CLOSE emp_id;
DEALLOCATE emp_id;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id NUMBER)
RETURNS NUMBER
IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
BEGIN
FOR emp_id IN (SELECT employee_id FROM employees) LOOP
DECLARE
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_salary := get_employee_salary(emp_id);
IF emp_salary IS NOT NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || emp_id || ' has a salary of ' || emp_salary);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || emp_id || ' not found');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while getting employee salary for ' || emp_id);
END;
END LOOP;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE assign_project(@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER, p_project_id IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET project_id = p_project_id WHERE employee_id = p_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error assigning project!');
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE assign_project(p_emp_id IN NUMBER, p_project_id IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET project_id = p_project_id WHERE employee_id = p_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error assigning project!');
END;
|
DECLARE
@x FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @x = COUNT(*) FROM employee;
IF @x > 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees found.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
x NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO x FROM employee;
IF x > 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees found.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found.');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_result FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_result = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
IF @v_result > 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees table has ' + isnull(@v_result, '') + ' rows.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees table is empty.');
END
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name) VALUES (1001, 'John', 'Doe');
SELECT @v_result = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
IF @v_result > 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Inserted 1 row into employees table.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Insertion failed.');
END
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_result NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_result FROM employees;
IF v_result > 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees table has ' || v_result || ' rows.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employees table is empty.');
END IF;
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, first_name, last_name) VALUES (1001, 'John', 'Doe');
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_result FROM employees;
IF v_result > 0 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Inserted 1 row into employees table.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Insertion failed.');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_average', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_average;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_average(@num_1 IN NUMBERDECLARE , num_2
begin IN
RETURN NULL;
END; NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER AS
BEGIN
RETURN (num_1 + num_2) / 2;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(@id IN AS NUMBER, name IN VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET name = name WHERE id = id;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = id, @emp_name = name FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
dbo.update_employee(@emp_id, isnull(emp_name, '') + ' Updated');
IF dbo.get_average(@emp_id, 100) > 50
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee eligible for bonus');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not eligible for bonus');
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_average(num_1 IN NUMBER, num_2 IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER AS
BEGIN
RETURN (num_1 + num_2) / 2;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee(id IN NUMBER, name IN VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET name = name WHERE id = id;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
emp_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO emp_id, emp_name FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
update_employee(emp_id, emp_name || ' Updated');
IF get_average(emp_id, 100) > 50
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee eligible for bonus');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not eligible for bonus');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empid FLOAT := 100;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE empid = @v_empid;
IF v_salary > 5000 BEGIN
*** e a bonus
UPDATE emp SET bonus = bonus + 500 WHERE empid = @v_empid;
END
ELSE BEGIN
*** employee
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
*** hen the employee does not exist
RAISERROR('-20000 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empid NUMBER := 100;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM emp WHERE empid = v_empid;
IF v_salary > 5000 THEN
-- Grant the employee a bonus
UPDATE emp SET bonus = bonus + 500 WHERE empid = v_empid;
ELSE
-- No bonus for this employee
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- Handle the case when the employee does not exist
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Employee not found');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (@param1 IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
IF param1 > 0 BEGIN
UPDATE my_table SET my_column = my_column + 1 WHERE my_key = param1;
END
ELSE IF param1 < 0 BEGIN
DELETE FROM my_table WHERE my_key = param1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SELECT @my_variable = my_column FROM my_table WHERE my_key = param1;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('my_func', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION my_func;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION my_func (@param1 IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN param1 + 1;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@my_variable FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @my_variable = dbo.my_func(10);
INSERT INTO my_table (my_key, my_column) VALUES (dbo.my_func(@my_variable), @my_variable);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc (param1 IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
IF param1 > 0 THEN
UPDATE my_table SET my_column = my_column + 1 WHERE my_key = param1;
ELSIF param1 < 0 THEN
DELETE FROM my_table WHERE my_key = param1;
ELSE
SELECT my_column INTO my_variable FROM my_table WHERE my_key = param1;
END IF;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION my_func (param1 IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER AS
BEGIN
RETURN param1 + 1;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
my_variable NUMBER;
BEGIN
my_variable := my_func(10);
INSERT INTO my_table (my_key, my_column) VALUES (my_func(my_variable), my_variable);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_InsertCustomer (
@IN_CustomerName IN AS VARCHAR2,
IN_City IN VARCHAR2,
IN_State IN VARCHAR2,
OUT_CustomerID OUT NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Customers (
CustomerName,
City,
State
)
VALUES (
IN_CustomerName,
IN_City,
IN_State
);
SELECT @OUT_CustomerID = CustomerID
FROM Customers
WHERE CustomerName = IN_CustomerName;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
THEN
RAISERROR (
'-20001 Customer with same name already exists.'
, 16, 1);
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_InsertCustomer (
IN_CustomerName IN VARCHAR2,
IN_City IN VARCHAR2,
IN_State IN VARCHAR2,
OUT_CustomerID OUT NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Customers (
CustomerName,
City,
State
)
VALUES (
IN_CustomerName,
IN_City,
IN_State
);
SELECT CustomerID
INTO OUT_CustomerID
FROM Customers
WHERE CustomerName = IN_CustomerName;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX
THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR (
-20001,
'Customer with same name already exists.'
);
WHEN OTHERS
THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 12345;
BEGIN
/* SQLINES DEMO *** tement */
SELECT name FROM employees WHERE id = @emp_id;
/* SQLINES DEMO *** to update employee name */
CALL update_employee_name(@emp_id, 'John Doe');
/* SQLINES DEMO *** late total salary */
DECLARE
@total_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @total_salary = dbo.calculate_salary(@emp_id);
END;
/* SQLINES DEMO *** */
IF @total_salary > 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee earns more than $10,000');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee earns less than $10,000');
END
/* SQLINES DEMO *** ing EXCEPTION block */
BEGIN
/* SQLINES DEMO *** se an exception */
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('An error occurred');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 12345;
BEGIN
/* Simple SELECT statement */
SELECT name FROM employees WHERE id = emp_id;
/* Stored procedure to update employee name */
CALL update_employee_name(emp_id, 'John Doe');
/* Function to calculate total salary */
DECLARE
total_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
total_salary := calculate_salary(emp_id);
END;
/* IF-ELSE statement */
IF total_salary > 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee earns more than $10,000');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee earns less than $10,000');
END IF;
/* Error handling using EXCEPTION block */
BEGIN
/* Code that may raise an exception */
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('An error occurred');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_salary FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7369;
SELECT @v_ename = ename
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7369;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(v_ename, '') + ' earns ' + isnull(@v_salary, ''));
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee 7369');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7369;
SELECT ename
INTO v_ename
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7369;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_ename || ' earns ' || v_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee 7369');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_error_message dbo.VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id, @v_name = name FROM table_name WHERE id = 10;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
SET @v_error_message = 'No data found for id 10';
RAISERROR(-20000, v_error_message, 16, 1);
END
END;
UPDATE table_name SET name = 'Updated Name' WHERE id = @v_id;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER;
v_name VARCHAR2(20);
v_error_message VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO v_id, v_name FROM table_name WHERE id = 10;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
v_error_message := 'No data found for id 10';
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, v_error_message);
END;
UPDATE table_name SET name = 'Updated Name' WHERE id = v_id;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id INT;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(30);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_emp_name = emp_name, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = 100;
IF @v_emp_id IS NOT NULL BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + 100
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
*** ee into the 'employees' table
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, salary)
VALUES (100, v_emp_name, v_salary);
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
*** ion that may occur
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER(6);
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(30);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, emp_name, salary
INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = 100;
IF v_emp_id IS NOT NULL THEN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + 100
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
ELSE
-- Insert new employee into the 'employees' table
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, salary)
VALUES (100, v_emp_name, v_salary);
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle any exception that may occur
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @v_salary > 5000
BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = @v_salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = 1;
END
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF v_salary > 5000
THEN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = 1;
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
IF @salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
RETURN @salary;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(@emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(@emp_id, '') + ' has a salary of ' + isnull(salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
RETURN salary;
END get_employee_salary;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
salary := get_employee_salary(emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || emp_id || ' has a salary of ' || salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(
@param1 IN AS VARCHAR2,
param2 IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO my_table VALUES (param1, param2);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISERROR('-20001 Duplicate value in index', 16, 1);
END;
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(
param1 IN VARCHAR2,
param2 IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO my_table VALUES (param1, param2);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Duplicate value in index');
END;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@sal DECIMAL(6,2);
comm ROW_NUMBER(6,2);
bonus ROW_NUMBER(6,2);
BEGIN
SELECT @sal = salary, @comm = commission_pct
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF comm > 0.15 BEGIN
SET @bonus = @sal * 0.05;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @bonus = 0;
END
UPDATE employees
SET bonus = bonus + @sal * 0.05
WHERE employee_id = 100;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
sal NUMBER(6,2);
comm NUMBER(6,2);
bonus NUMBER(6,2);
BEGIN
SELECT salary, commission_pct
INTO sal, comm
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
IF comm > 0.15 THEN
bonus := sal * 0.05;
ELSE
bonus := 0;
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET bonus = bonus + sal * 0.05
WHERE employee_id = 100;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
@emp_no FLOAT;
salary NUMBER;
bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary, @bonus = bonus
FROM employees
WHERE @emp_no = 100;
IF salary > 10000 BEGIN
SET @bonus = bonus * 1.1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @bonus = bonus * 1.05;
END
UPDATE employees
SET bonus = bonus
WHERE @emp_no = 100;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Bonus updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while updating bonus.');
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_no NUMBER;
salary NUMBER;
bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary, bonus
INTO salary, bonus
FROM employees
WHERE emp_no = 100;
IF salary > 10000 THEN
bonus := bonus * 1.1;
ELSE
bonus := bonus * 1.05;
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET bonus = bonus
WHERE emp_no = 100;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Bonus updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while updating bonus.');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_details', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_details;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_details(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN emp%ROWTYPE
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
emp_rec emp%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_rec = * FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_id;
RETURN emp_rec;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_details(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN emp%ROWTYPE IS
emp_rec emp%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT * INTO emp_rec FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_id;
RETURN emp_rec;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Doe';
IF @emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
raiserror('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Salary updated successfully.');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee not found.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id
INTO emp_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Doe';
IF emp_id IS NULL THEN
raise_application_error(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Salary updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Employee not found.');
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@l_emp_id FLOAT;
l_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
l_job_id dbo.VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
SELECT @l_emp_id = employee_id, @l_emp_name = first_name, @l_job_id = job_id
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@l_emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(l_emp_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Job ID: ' + isnull(l_job_id, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
l_emp_id NUMBER;
l_emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
l_job_id VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, first_name, job_id
INTO l_emp_id, l_emp_name, l_job_id
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 100;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || l_emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || l_emp_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Job ID: ' || l_job_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'KING';
IF v_salary < 20000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20101 Salary too low for employee ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''), 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_salary FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'KING';
IF v_salary < 20000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'Salary too low for employee ' || v_emp_id);
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = employee_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'KING';
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = @v_id;
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, last_name, email, hire_date, job_id, salary)
VALUES (999, 'KING', 'king@oracle.com', GETDATE(), 'IT_PROG', 10000);
COMMIT;
END
END; | DECLARE
v_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id INTO v_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'KING';
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = v_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, last_name, email, hire_date, job_id, salary)
VALUES (999, 'KING', 'king@oracle.com', SYSDATE, 'IT_PROG', 10000);
COMMIT;
END; |
CREATE TABLE employees (
id INT,
name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
salary INT
);
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_employee (
@p_name IN AS VARCHAR,
p_salary IN INT
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (name, salary) VALUES (p_name, p_salary);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_salary (
@p_id IN INT
DECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN INT
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE id = p_id);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
dbo.INSERT_EMPLOYEE('Employee'+isnull(i, ''), i*1000);
END;
END;
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > 5000;
SELECT id, name, dbo.get_salary(id) AS salary FROM employees;
BEGIN
BEGIN
dbo.INSERT_EMPLOYEE('Employee11', -1000);
EXCEPTION
WHEN VALUE_ERROR THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Invalid salary value');
END;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employees (
id INT,
name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
salary INT
);
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_employee (
p_name IN VARCHAR,
p_salary IN INT
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (name, salary) VALUES (p_name, p_salary);
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_salary (
p_id IN INT
) RETURN INT AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT salary FROM employees WHERE id = p_id);
END;
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
INSERT_EMPLOYEE('Employee'||i, i*1000);
END LOOP;
END;
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary > 5000;
SELECT id, name, get_salary(id) AS salary FROM employees;
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT_EMPLOYEE('Employee11', -1000);
EXCEPTION
WHEN VALUE_ERROR THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Invalid salary value');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_sal FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_sal = salary
FROM emp
WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
IF @v_sal IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is ' + isnull(@v_sal, ''));
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO v_sal
FROM emp
WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
IF v_sal IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is ' || v_sal);
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
|
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id, @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary below threshold', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END; | DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary INTO emp_id, salary FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary below threshold');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END; |
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = id, @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
IF salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE id = 1;
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER;
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT id, salary INTO emp_id, salary FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
IF salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE id = 1;
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Updated salary: ' || salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, OUT emp_salary OUT NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @emp_salary = NULL;
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_employee_salary(@emp_id, emp_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(@emp_id, '') + ' has salary ' + isnull(emp_salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while fetching salary');
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, OUT emp_salary OUT NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO emp_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
emp_salary := NULL;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_employee_salary(emp_id, emp_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || emp_id || ' has salary ' || emp_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while fetching salary');
END;
END;
|
sql
IF OBJECT_ID('sample_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sample_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sample_proc
(
@IN param1 AS @IN VARCHAR2,
OUT param2 OUT VARCHAR2
)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT @param2 = name FROM table_name WHERE id = param1;
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No data found for parameter value.', 16, 1);
END
END;
CREATE FUNCTION sample_func
(
@IN param1 IN DECLARE @VARCHAR2
)
BEGIN
RETURN @VARCHAR2
END;
IS
result dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @result = name FROM table_name WHERE id = param1;
RETURN result;
IF @@fetch_status <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@my_var VARCHAR(100);
BEGIN
SET @my_var = dbo.sample_func('value1');
UPDATE table_name SET name = 'new_name' WHERE id = 'value2';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
| sql
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sample_proc
(
IN param1 IN VARCHAR2,
OUT param2 OUT VARCHAR2
)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO param2 FROM table_name WHERE id = param1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No data found for parameter value.');
END;
CREATE FUNCTION sample_func
(
IN param1 IN VARCHAR2
)
RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
result VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO result FROM table_name WHERE id = param1;
RETURN result;
EXCEPTION
WHEN no_data_found THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
my_var VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
my_var := sample_func('value1');
UPDATE table_name SET name = 'new_name' WHERE id = 'value2';
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary ROW_NUMBER(10,2);
v_deptno NUMBER;
v_job dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno,
@v_ename = ename,
@v_salary = salary,
@v_deptno = deptno,
@v_job = job
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_job = 'MANAGER' BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET salary = salary + (salary * 0.10)
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary increased by 10% for ' + isnull(v_ename, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary not increased for ' + isnull(v_ename, ''));
END
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER(10,2);
v_deptno NUMBER;
v_job VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT empno,
ename,
salary,
deptno,
job
INTO v_empno,
v_ename,
v_salary,
v_deptno,
v_job
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7788;
IF v_job = 'MANAGER' THEN
UPDATE emp
SET salary = salary + (salary * 0.10)
WHERE empno = v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary increased by 10% for ' || v_ename);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary not increased for ' || v_ename);
END IF;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('Check_Employee_Status', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE Check_Employee_Status;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE Check_Employee_Status(@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
IF p_emp_id > 100 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET status = 'Active' WHERE employee_id = p_emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee ID not eligible.', 16, 1);
END
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 1234;
BEGIN
dbo.Check_Employee_Status(@emp_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while checking employee status: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE Check_Employee_Status(p_emp_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
IF p_emp_id > 100 THEN
UPDATE employees SET status = 'Active' WHERE employee_id = p_emp_id;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee ID not eligible.');
END IF;
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 1234;
BEGIN
Check_Employee_Status(emp_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred while checking employee status: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employees (
id FLOAT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
salary DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL
);
|
CREATE TABLE employees (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL,
salary NUMBER(10,2) NOT NULL
);
|
*** example
IF OBJECT_ID('increment_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE increment_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE increment_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
*** iables
salary NUMBER;
*** ary of employee
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
*** by 10%
set @salary = salary * 1.1;
*** database
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
-- Fu... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
name dbo.VARCHAR2(255);
BEGIN
*** me from database
SELECT @name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '') FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN name;
END;
/
*** mple
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = 10;
*** ple
IF employee_count > 100 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee count exceeded limit', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
COMMIT;
END
*** ample
BEGIN
*** employee salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = 10000 WHERE employee_id = 1;
*** alary update fails
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
-- Stored procedure example
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE increment_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
-- Declare local variables
salary NUMBER;
-- Fetch current salary of employee
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Increment salary by 10%
salary := salary * 1.1;
-- Update salary in database
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
-- Function example
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_name(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
name VARCHAR2(255);
BEGIN
-- Fetch employee name from database
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name INTO name FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN name;
END;
/
-- SQL statement example
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE department_id = 10;
-- Control flow example
IF employee_count > 100 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee count exceeded limit');
ELSE
COMMIT;
END IF;
-- Error handling example
BEGIN
-- Attempt to update employee salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = 10000 WHERE employee_id = 1;
EXCEPTION
-- Handle error if salary update fails
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Employee not found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@employee_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
employee_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @employee_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '')
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN employee_name;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_new_employee(
@first_name IN AS VARCHAR2,
last_name IN VARCHAR2,
email IN VARCHAR2
) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, email)
VALUES (first_name, last_name, email);
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@employee_count FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @employee_count = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
SET @employee_count = 0;
END
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total employees: ' + isnull(@employee_count, ''));
END; | CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(employee_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
employee_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT first_name || ' ' || last_name
INTO employee_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN employee_name;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_new_employee(
first_name IN VARCHAR2,
last_name IN VARCHAR2,
email IN VARCHAR2
) IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (first_name, last_name, email)
VALUES (first_name, last_name, email);
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
employee_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO employee_count FROM employees;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
employee_count := 0;
END;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total employees: ' || employee_count);
END; |
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_salary IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.1
WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary
INTO v_emp_id, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_salary IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary * 1.1
WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id float;
v_emp_name dbo.varchar2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id,
@v_emp_name = emp_name
FROM emp
WHERE emp_id = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_emp_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id number;
v_emp_name varchar2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id,
emp_name
INTO v_emp_id,
v_emp_name
FROM emp
WHERE emp_id = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_emp_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sample_proc(@p1 IN AS VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v1 VARCHAR(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v1 = name FROM employees WHERE id = p1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' + isnull(@v1, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID: ' + isnull(p1, ''));
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sample_proc(p1 IN VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE
v1 VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO v1 FROM employees WHERE id = p1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee name: ' || v1);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with ID: ' || p1);
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE Calculate_Sales_Total(@customer_id IN AS NUMBER) IS
total_sales NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @total_sales = SUM(amount)
FROM sales
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
IF total_sales IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Customer has no sales', 16, 1);
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total sales for customer ' + isnull(customer_id, '') + ': ' + isnull(total_sales, ''));
END Calculate_Sales_Total;
|
PROCEDURE Calculate_Sales_Total(customer_id IN NUMBER) IS
total_sales NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(amount) INTO total_sales
FROM sales
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
IF total_sales IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Customer has no sales');
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total sales for customer ' || customer_id || ': ' || total_sales);
END Calculate_Sales_Total;
|
DECLARE
@emp_id INT;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_id = employee_id, @emp_name = first_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = 20;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department 20');
END
END;
/
|
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER(6);
emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, first_name
INTO emp_id, emp_name
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = 20;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || emp_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found in department 20');
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sample_procedure (
@p_name IN AS VARCHAR2,
p_age IN NUMBER
)
IS
l_err_msg dbo.VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
IF p_age < 18 BEGIN
set @l_err_msg = 'Error: Age must be 18 or older.';
RAISERROR(-20001, l_err_msg, 16, 1);
END
INSERT INTO users (name, age)
VALUES (p_name, p_age);
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
@l_count FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_count = COUNT(*) FROM users;
IF @l_count > 0 BEGIN
DELETE FROM users;
END
END; | CREATE PROCEDURE sample_procedure (
p_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_age IN NUMBER
)
IS
l_err_msg VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
IF p_age < 18 THEN
l_err_msg := 'Error: Age must be 18 or older.';
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, l_err_msg);
END IF;
INSERT INTO users (name, age)
VALUES (p_name, p_age);
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
l_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO l_count FROM users;
IF l_count > 0 THEN
DELETE FROM users;
END IF;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('check_balance', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE check_balance;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE check_balance(@account_id IN AS NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
<<balance_query>>
SELECT balance FROM accounts WHERE account_id = account_id;
<<not_found_exception>>
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Account not found.', 16, 1);
END
END check_balance; | CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE check_balance(account_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
<<balance_query>>
SELECT balance FROM accounts WHERE account_id = account_id;
<<not_found_exception>>
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Account not found.');
END check_balance; |
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT := 1;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_name = name FROM employees WHERE id = @v_id;
IF v_name IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found with ID: ' + isnull(@v_id, ''), 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE id = @v_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully for ' + isnull(v_name, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE(), ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER := 1;
v_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO v_name FROM employees WHERE id = v_id;
IF v_name IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found with ID: ' || v_id);
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE id = v_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully for ' || v_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_ERROR_BACKTRACE());
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
BEGIN
*** er from user input
SELECT @v_empno = empno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
*** , display salary
IF FOUND BEGIN
SELECT salary FROM emp WHERE empno = @v_empno;
*** y error message
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with that name');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get employee number from user input
SELECT empno INTO v_empno FROM emp WHERE ename = 'SMITH';
-- If employee found, display salary
IF FOUND THEN
SELECT salary FROM emp WHERE empno = v_empno;
-- Otherwise, display error message
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with that name');
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(255);
v_salary NUMBER;
v_dept_id NUMBER;
*** rmation
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_emp_name = emp_name, @v_salary = salary, @v_dept_id = dept_id
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = 1;
*** nformation
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
*** oyee
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, salary, dept_id)
VALUES (2, 'John Doe', 50000, 10);
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
DELETE FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = 3;
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END; | BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(255);
v_salary NUMBER;
v_dept_id NUMBER;
-- Get employee information
SELECT emp_id, emp_name, salary, dept_id
INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary, v_dept_id
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = 1;
-- Update employee information
UPDATE employees
SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
-- Insert a new employee
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, salary, dept_id)
VALUES (2, 'John Doe', 50000, 10);
-- Delete an employee
DELETE FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = 3;
-- Handle errors
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END; |
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT := 10;
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_sal = salary FROM emp WHERE empno = @v_empno;
IF v_sal > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE IF v_sal < 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is less than 10000', 16, 1);
END
END; | DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER := 10;
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = v_empno;
IF v_sal > 10000 THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE empno = v_empno;
COMMIT;
ELSIF v_sal < 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is less than 10000');
END IF;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('transfer_funds', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE transfer_funds;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE transfer_funds(@p_from_account IN AS NUMBER, p_to_account IN NUMBER, p_amount IN NUMBER)
AS
l_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_balance = balance FROM accounts WHERE account_id = p_from_account;
IF l_balance >= p_amount BEGIN
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - p_amount WHERE account_id = p_from_account;
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + p_amount WHERE account_id = p_to_account;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Insufficient funds', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE transfer_funds(p_from_account IN NUMBER, p_to_account IN NUMBER, p_amount IN NUMBER)
AS
l_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT balance INTO l_balance FROM accounts WHERE account_id = p_from_account;
IF l_balance >= p_amount THEN
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance - p_amount WHERE account_id = p_from_account;
UPDATE accounts SET balance = balance + p_amount WHERE account_id = p_to_account;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Insufficient funds');
END IF;
END;
|
PL/SQL
CREATE TABLE employees (
id FLOAT PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
salary DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL
);
CREATE PROCEDURE hire_employee (
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
emp_name IN VARCHAR2,
salary IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, salary)
VALUES (emp_id, emp_name, salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary (
@emp_id IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
dbo.hire_employee(10, 'John Doe', 10000);
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
@emp_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @emp_salary = dbo.get_employee_salary(10);
IF @emp_salary IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' + isnull(@emp_salary, ''));
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
END;
| PL/SQL
CREATE TABLE employees (
id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR2(255) NOT NULL,
salary NUMBER(10,2) NOT NULL
);
CREATE PROCEDURE hire_employee (
emp_id IN NUMBER,
emp_name IN VARCHAR2,
salary IN NUMBER
)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (id, name, salary)
VALUES (emp_id, emp_name, salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary (
emp_id IN NUMBER
)
RETURN NUMBER
IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
hire_employee(10, 'John Doe', 10000);
COMMIT;
END;
DECLARE
emp_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
emp_salary := get_employee_salary(10);
IF emp_salary IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee salary: ' || emp_salary);
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id DECIMAL(19,4) /* Use -meta option emp.emp_id%TYPE */;
v_salary emp.salary%TYPE;
v_bonus emp.bonus%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary, @v_bonus = bonus
FROM emp
WHERE emp_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 5000 BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = 1000;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = 500;
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Bonus: ' + isnull(v_bonus, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id emp.emp_id%TYPE;
v_salary emp.salary%TYPE;
v_bonus emp.bonus%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, salary, bonus
INTO v_emp_id, v_salary, v_bonus
FROM emp
WHERE emp_id = 10;
IF v_salary > 5000 THEN
v_bonus := 1000;
ELSE
v_bonus := 500;
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || v_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Bonus: ' || v_bonus);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('is_valid_email', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION is_valid_email;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION is_valid_email(@email IN VARCHAR2DECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN BOOLEAN
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN REGEXP_LIKE(email, '^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$');
END;
DECLARE
@email_address VARCHAR(100);
BEGIN
SET @email_address = 'john@example.com';
IF dbo.is_valid_email(@email_address) BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Email address is valid');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Email address is invalid');
END
END;
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(name, salary) VALUES('John Doe', 50000);
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee added successfully');
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Duplicate employee record');
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION is_valid_email(email IN VARCHAR2) RETURN BOOLEAN AS
BEGIN
RETURN REGEXP_LIKE(email, '^[a-zA-Z0-9\._-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9\._-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$');
END;
DECLARE
email_address VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
email_address := 'john@example.com';
IF is_valid_email(email_address) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Email address is valid');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Email address is invalid');
END IF;
END;
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(name, salary) VALUES('John Doe', 50000);
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee added successfully');
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Duplicate employee record');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@startTime DATETIME2 = GETDATE();
BEGIN TRY
DECLARE
@i INT = 0;
DECLARE
@code INT;
BEGIN WHILE @i < 10 BEGIN
BEGIN
SELECT
@code = RAND() * 900 + 100;
SELECT
'e' + CAST(@code AS VARCHAR(3));
END;
SET @i = @i + 1;
END;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
IF dbo.ERROR_NUMBER() = 50000
BEGIN
RAISERROR(
'Error in stored procedure or function.', -- Me... SQLINES DEMO ***
16, -- Se... SQLINES DEMO ***
1 -- St... SQLINES DEMO ***
);
END
ELSE
BEGIN
DECLARE
@errorMessage NVARCHAR(4000);
SELECT
@errorMessage = dbo.ERROR_MESSAGE();
RAISERROR(
@errorMessage, -- Me... SQLINES DEMO ***
16, -- Se... SQLINES DEMO ***
1 -- St... SQLINES DEMO ***
);
END;
END CATCH;
SELECT
DATEDIFF(ms, @startTime, GETDATE()) AS Run time (ms); | DECLARE
@startTime DATETIME = GETDATE();
BEGIN TRY
DECLARE
@i INT = 0;
DECLARE
@code INT;
BEGIN WHILE @i < 10 DO
BEGIN
SELECT
@code = RAND() * 900 + 100;
SELECT
'e' + CAST(@code AS VARCHAR(3));
END;
SET @i = @i + 1;
END;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
IF ERROR_NUMBER() = 50000
BEGIN
RAISERROR(
'Error in stored procedure or function.', -- Message text.
16, -- Severity.
1 -- State.
);
END
ELSE
BEGIN
DECLARE
@errorMessage NVARCHAR(4000);
SELECT
@errorMessage = ERROR_MESSAGE();
RAISERROR(
@errorMessage, -- Message text.
16, -- Severity.
1 -- State.
);
END;
END CATCH;
SELECT
DATEDIFF(ms, @startTime, GETDATE()) AS Run time (ms); |
IF OBJECT_ID('update_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
current_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** alary of the employee
SELECT @current_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
*** salary is valid
IF new_salary < current_salary BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 New salary cannot be less than current salary', 16, 1);
END
*** of the employee
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
current_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Get the current salary of the employee
SELECT salary INTO current_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Check if the new salary is valid
IF new_salary < current_salary THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'New salary cannot be less than current salary');
END IF;
-- Update the salary of the employee
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Commit the changes
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 100;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = @v_emp_id;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary is too high', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
-- Up... SQLINES DEMO ***
UPDATE emp
SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE empno = @v_emp_id;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISERROR('-20003 Duplicate value on index', 16, 1);
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 100;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = v_emp_id;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary is too high');
ELSE
-- Update the salary
UPDATE emp
SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE empno = v_emp_id;
-- Commit the changes
COMMIT;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Employee not found');
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20003, 'Duplicate value on index');
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_by_id(
@employee_id IN AS NUMBER,
first_name OUT VARCHAR2,
last_name OUT VARCHAR2,
salary OUT NUMBER
) IS
BEGIN
SELECT @first_name = first_name, @last_name = last_name, @salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
END;
DECLARE
@first_name VARCHAR(20);
last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.get_employee_by_id(100, @first_name, last_name, salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('First name: ' + isnull(@first_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Last name: ' + isnull(last_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Salary: ' + isnull(salary, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('No employee found with employee_id ' + 100);
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_by_id(
employee_id IN NUMBER,
first_name OUT VARCHAR2,
last_name OUT VARCHAR2,
salary OUT NUMBER
) IS
BEGIN
SELECT first_name, last_name, salary
INTO first_name, last_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
END;
DECLARE
first_name VARCHAR2(20);
last_name VARCHAR2(20);
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
get_employee_by_id(100, first_name, last_name, salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('First name: ' || first_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Last name: ' || last_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Salary: ' || salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('No employee found with employee_id ' || 100);
END;
|
/* SQLINES DEMO *** ppet with multiple functionalities */
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_deptno NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** D and salary for employee with JOB 'CLERK'
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE job = 'CLERK';
*** department
UPDATE emp
SET deptno = 20
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
*** as successful
IF @@ROWCOUNT > 0 BEGIN
*** n if an error occurs during update
RAISERROR('-2000 Employee update failed', 16, 1);
END
*** get department name
SET @v_deptno = dbo.GET_DEPTNO(@v_emp_id);
*** etermine bonus eligibility
IF v_salary >= 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Eligible for bonus.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Not eligible for bonus.');
END
EXCEPTION
*** cted exceptions
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
/* Sample PL/SQL snippet with multiple functionalities */
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_deptno NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Select employee ID and salary for employee with JOB 'CLERK'
SELECT emp_id, salary
INTO v_emp_id, v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE job = 'CLERK';
-- Update employee's department
UPDATE emp
SET deptno = 20
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
-- Check if update was successful
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT > 0 THEN
-- Raise an exception if an error occurs during update
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-2000, 'Employee update failed');
END IF;
-- Function call to get department name
v_deptno := GET_DEPTNO(v_emp_id);
-- Control flow to determine bonus eligibility
IF v_salary >= 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Eligible for bonus.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Not eligible for bonus.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
-- Handle any unexpected exceptions
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_customer_orders', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_customer_orders;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
customer_orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN customer_orders;
END;
/
DECLARE
@customer_id FLOAT := 100;
order_id NUMBER;
order_date DATE;
total_amount NUMBER;
BEGIN
DECLARE order_rec CURSOR FOR dbo.get_customer_orders(@customer_id) LOOP
SET @order_id = @order_rec_order_id;
SET @order_date = @order_rec_order_date;
SET @total_amount = @order_rec_total_amount;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' + isnull(order_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order Date: ' + isnull(order_date, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total Amount: ' + isnull(total_amount, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.NEW_LINE;
FETCH order_rec INTO;
END;
CLOSE order_rec;
DEALLOCATE order_rec;
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(customer_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR IS
customer_orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN customer_orders FOR
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN customer_orders;
END;
/
DECLARE
customer_id NUMBER := 100;
order_id NUMBER;
order_date DATE;
total_amount NUMBER;
BEGIN
FOR order_rec IN get_customer_orders(customer_id) LOOP
order_id := order_rec.order_id;
order_date := order_rec.order_date;
total_amount := order_rec.total_amount;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' || order_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order Date: ' || order_date);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total Amount: ' || total_amount);
DBMS_OUTPUT.NEW_LINE;
END LOOP;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@CURSOR c_emp IS
SELECT employee_id, last_name, salary
FROM employees;
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH c_emp INTO @v_emp_id, @v_last_name, @v_salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(v_emp_id, '') + ', Last Name: ' + isnull(v_last_name, '') + ', Salary: ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
END;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10,000');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is not greater than 10,000');
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
CURSOR c_emp IS
SELECT employee_id, last_name, salary
FROM employees;
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_last_name VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
LOOP
FETCH c_emp INTO v_emp_id, v_last_name, v_salary;
EXIT WHEN c_emp%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_emp_id || ', Last Name: ' || v_last_name || ', Salary: ' || v_salary);
END LOOP;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10,000');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is not greater than 10,000');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE generate_order(@order_id IN AS NUMBER, order_date IN DATE, customer_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
*** ORDERS table
INSERT INTO ORDERS (ORDER_ID, ORDER_DATE, CUSTOMER_ID)
VALUES (order_id, order_date, customer_id);
*** s order
DECLARE r CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM ORDER_ITEMS WHERE ORDER_ID = order_id; OPEN r;
FETCH r INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
*** into ORDER_DETAILS table
INSERT INTO ORDER_DETAILS (ORDER_ID, PRODUCT_ID, QUANTITY, UNIT_PRICE)
VALUES (order_id, @r_PRODUCT_ID, @r_QUANTITY, @r_UNIT_PRICE);
FETCH r INTO;
END;
CLOSE r;
DEALLOCATE r;
*** total orders
UPDATE CUSTOMERS SET TOTAL_ORDERS = TOTAL_ORDERS + 1 WHERE CUSTOMER_ID = customer_id;
END;
*** rocedure
BEGIN
dbo.generate_order(100, '2023-04-10', 5);
END; | CREATE PROCEDURE generate_order(order_id IN NUMBER, order_date IN DATE, customer_id IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
-- Insert order into ORDERS table
INSERT INTO ORDERS (ORDER_ID, ORDER_DATE, CUSTOMER_ID)
VALUES (order_id, order_date, customer_id);
-- Get items for this order
FOR r IN (SELECT * FROM ORDER_ITEMS WHERE ORDER_ID = order_id) LOOP
-- Insert each item into ORDER_DETAILS table
INSERT INTO ORDER_DETAILS (ORDER_ID, PRODUCT_ID, QUANTITY, UNIT_PRICE)
VALUES (order_id, r.PRODUCT_ID, r.QUANTITY, r.UNIT_PRICE);
END LOOP;
-- Update customer's total orders
UPDATE CUSTOMERS SET TOTAL_ORDERS = TOTAL_ORDERS + 1 WHERE CUSTOMER_ID = customer_id;
END;
-- Call the stored procedure
BEGIN
generate_order(100, '2023-04-10', 5);
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@param1 IN AS VARCHAR2)
AS
cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @cnt = COUNT(*)
FROM my_table
WHERE field1 = param1;
IF cnt > 0 BEGIN
INSERT INTO my_table (field1, field2)
VALUES (param1, 'Value for ' + isnull(param1, ''));
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No rows found for parameter: ' + isnull(param1, ''), 16, 1);
END
END my_proc;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(param1 IN VARCHAR2)
AS
cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO cnt
FROM my_table
WHERE field1 = param1;
IF cnt > 0 THEN
INSERT INTO my_table (field1, field2)
VALUES (param1, 'Value for ' || param1);
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No rows found for parameter: ' || param1);
END IF;
END my_proc;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sample_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sample_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sample_proc (
@p_number IN AS NUMBER,
p_str IN VARCHAR2,
OUT p_out OUT VARCHAR2
)
IS
l_var1 SET @NUMBER = 10;
BEGIN
set @l_var1 = l_var1 + p_number;
set @p_out = isnull(p_str, '') + isnull(l_var1, '');
END;
CREATE FUNCTION sample_func (
@p_number IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
l_var1 SET @NUMBER = 10;
BEGIN
set @l_var1 = l_var1 + p_number;
RETURN 'Result: ' + isnull(l_var1, '');
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@l_local_var1 FLOAT := 10;
l_local_var2 dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SET @l_local_var1 = @l_local_var1 + 5;
SET @l_local_var2 = 'Local Variable 2';
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISE;
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
SET @l_local_var1 = 0;
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sample_proc (
p_number IN NUMBER,
p_str IN VARCHAR2,
OUT p_out OUT VARCHAR2
)
IS
l_var1 NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
l_var1 := l_var1 + p_number;
p_out := p_str || l_var1;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION sample_func (
p_number IN NUMBER
)
RETURN VARCHAR2
IS
l_var1 NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
l_var1 := l_var1 + p_number;
RETURN 'Result: ' || l_var1;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
l_local_var1 NUMBER := 10;
l_local_var2 VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
l_local_var1 := l_local_var1 + 5;
l_local_var2 := 'Local Variable 2';
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE;
WHEN OTHERS THEN
l_local_var1 := 0;
END;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE MyTable (
ID BIGINT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO MyTable (ID, Name) VALUES (1, 'John');
INSERT INTO MyTable (ID, Name) VALUES (2, 'Mary');
*** example
IF OBJECT_ID('GetNameByID', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE GetNameByID;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE GetNameByID(@ID IN AS NUMBER, Name OUT VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @Name = Name FROM MyTable WHERE ID = ID;
END;
/
-- Fu... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF OBJECT_ID('GetAgeByID', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION GetAgeByID;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION GetAgeByID(@ID IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
AGE ROW_NUMBER(10);
BEGIN
SELECT @AGE = Age FROM MyTable WHERE ID = ID;
RETURN AGE;
END;
/
*** mple
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Name LIKE '%John%';
*** truct example
DECLARE
@Num BIGINT;
BEGIN
DECLARE @Num INT = 1;
WHILE @Num <= 10 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(@Num);
END;
END;
*** enario example
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE ID = -1;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for ID -1');
END
END;
|
CREATE TABLE MyTable (
ID NUMBER(10) PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR2(50) NOT NULL
);
INSERT INTO MyTable (ID, Name) VALUES (1, 'John');
INSERT INTO MyTable (ID, Name) VALUES (2, 'Mary');
-- Stored procedure example
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE GetNameByID(ID IN NUMBER, Name OUT VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT Name INTO Name FROM MyTable WHERE ID = ID;
END;
/
-- Function example
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION GetAgeByID(ID IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
AS
AGE NUMBER(10);
BEGIN
SELECT Age INTO AGE FROM MyTable WHERE ID = ID;
RETURN AGE;
END;
/
-- SQL statement example
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE Name LIKE '%John%';
-- Control flow construct example
DECLARE
Num NUMBER(10);
BEGIN
FOR Num IN 1..10 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(Num);
END LOOP;
END;
-- Error handling scenario example
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM MyTable WHERE ID = -1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for ID -1');
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE Proc1 (@x IN AS NUMBER, y IN NUMBER)
AS
z NUMBER;
BEGIN
set @z = x + y;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sum of ' + isnull(x, '') + ' and ' + isnull(y, '') + ' is ' + isnull(z, ''));
END;
/
CALL Proc1(10, 20);
|
CREATE PROCEDURE Proc1 (x IN NUMBER, y IN NUMBER)
AS
z NUMBER;
BEGIN
z := x + y;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sum of ' || x || ' and ' || y || ' is ' || z);
END;
/
CALL Proc1(10, 20);
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_bonus NUMBER;
*** ee ID
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Enter employee ID: ');
DBMS_INPUT.GET_LINE(v_emp_id);
*** e for employee salary
SELECT @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
-- Ca... SQLINES DEMO ***
set @v_bonus = v_salary * 0.1;
-- Ou... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Bonus: ' + isnull(v_bonus, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
v_bonus NUMBER;
-- Prompt for employee ID
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Enter employee ID: ');
DBMS_INPUT.GET_LINE(v_emp_id);
-- Query the database for employee salary
SELECT salary INTO v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
-- Calculate bonus
v_bonus := v_salary * 0.1;
-- Output result
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Bonus: ' || v_bonus);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END;
|
SET @SERVEROUTPUT ON;
DECLARE
@salary DECIMAL(10,2) := 2000;
bonus ROW_NUMBER(10,2) := 500;
tax_rate ROW_NUMBER(5,2) := 0.2;
net_salary ROW_NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SET @net_salary = @salary + bonus - (@salary + bonus) * tax_rate;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Net Salary: ' + isnull(net_salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred.');
END;
|
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON;
DECLARE
salary NUMBER(10,2) := 2000;
bonus NUMBER(10,2) := 500;
tax_rate NUMBER(5,2) := 0.2;
net_salary NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
net_salary := salary + bonus - (salary + bonus) * tax_rate;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Net Salary: ' || net_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred.');
END;
|
BEGIN
BEGIN
DECLARE @v_test FLOAT := 0;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
SET @v_test = 1;
END;
IF @v_test = 1 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-9999 Test error raised', 16, 1);
END
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
INSERT INTO my_table(id, name) VALUES (i, 'Name_' + isnull(i, ''));
END;
COMMIT;
END;
|
BEGIN
BEGIN
DECLARE v_test NUMBER := 0;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
v_test := 1;
END;
IF v_test = 1 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-9999, 'Test error raised');
END IF;
FOR i IN 1..10 LOOP
INSERT INTO my_table(id, name) VALUES (i, 'Name_' || i);
END LOOP;
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employees (
employee_id FLOAT,
first_name VARCHAR(50),
last_name VARCHAR(50),
email VARCHAR(50),
department_id FLOAT,
salary FLOAT,
PRIMARY KEY (employee_id)
);
CREATE TABLE departments (
department_id FLOAT,
department_name VARCHAR(50),
PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
);
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_by_id (
@p_employee_id IN AS NUMBER,
OUT p_first_name OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT p_last_name OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @p_first_name = first_name, @p_last_name = last_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = p_employee_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
raiserror('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_first_name VARCHAR(50);
v_last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
dbo.get_employee_by_id(100, @v_first_name, v_last_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(@v_first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(v_last_name, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employees (
employee_id NUMBER,
first_name VARCHAR2(50),
last_name VARCHAR2(50),
email VARCHAR2(50),
department_id NUMBER,
salary NUMBER,
PRIMARY KEY (employee_id)
);
CREATE TABLE departments (
department_id NUMBER,
department_name VARCHAR2(50),
PRIMARY KEY (department_id)
);
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_by_id (
p_employee_id IN NUMBER,
OUT p_first_name OUT VARCHAR2,
OUT p_last_name OUT VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT first_name, last_name
INTO p_first_name, p_last_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = p_employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
raise_application_error(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_first_name VARCHAR2(50);
v_last_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
get_employee_by_id(100, v_first_name, v_last_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_first_name || ' ' || v_last_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('emp_details_by_dept', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE emp_details_by_dept;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_details_by_dept(@deptno IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT empno, ename, job, sal
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = deptno;
END;
/
BEGIN
DECLARE
@empno FLOAT;
ename dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @empno = @empno, @ename = ename, @sal = sal
FROM emp
WHERE @empno = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Details:');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Number: ' + isnull(@empno, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(ename, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' + isnull(sal, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the given employee number.');
END
END;
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_details_by_dept(deptno IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT empno, ename, job, sal
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = deptno;
END;
/
BEGIN
DECLARE
empno NUMBER;
ename VARCHAR2(50);
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno, ename, sal
INTO empno, ename, sal
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 10;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Details:');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Number: ' || empno);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || ename);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' || sal);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee found with the given employee number.');
END;
END;
/
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@my_var FLOAT;
my_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM my_table;
BEGIN
OPEN my_cursor;
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH my_cursor INTO @my_var;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
*** my_var
END;
CLOSE my_cursor;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
NULL;
END *** und scenario
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
RAISERROR('-20000 Too many rows returned', 16, 1);
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
my_var NUMBER;
my_cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM my_table;
BEGIN
OPEN my_cursor;
LOOP
FETCH my_cursor INTO my_var;
EXIT WHEN my_cursor%NOTFOUND;
-- Do something with my_var
END LOOP;
CLOSE my_cursor;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
NULL; -- Handle no data found scenario
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Too many rows returned');
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_deptno FLOAT;
v_dname dbo.VARCHAR2(14);
v_loc dbo.VARCHAR2(13);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_deptno = department_id, @v_dname = department_name, @v_loc = location_id
FROM departments
WHERE department_id = 20;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department ' + isnull(v_dname, '') + ' is located in ' + isnull(v_loc, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No department found with id 20');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_deptno NUMBER;
v_dname VARCHAR2(14);
v_loc VARCHAR2(13);
BEGIN
SELECT department_id, department_name, location_id
INTO v_deptno, v_dname, v_loc
FROM departments
WHERE department_id = 20;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department ' || v_dname || ' is located in ' || v_loc);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No department found with id 20');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empid FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary ROW_NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empid = empid, @v_ename = ename, @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE empid = 10;
IF v_salary > 10000
BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE empid = 10;
COMMIT;
END
END; | DECLARE
v_empid NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER(10,2);
BEGIN
SELECT empid, ename, salary
INTO v_empid, v_ename, v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empid = 10;
IF v_salary > 10000
THEN
UPDATE emp
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE empid = 10;
COMMIT;
END IF;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_num FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_num = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number of employees: ' + isnull(@v_num, ''));
IF @v_num = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No employees found', 16, 1);
END
DECLARE emp CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM employees ORDER BY last_name; OPEN emp;
FETCH emp INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(@emp_first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(@emp_last_name, ''));
FETCH emp INTO;
END;
CLOSE emp;
DEALLOCATE emp;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_num NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_num FROM employees;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Number of employees: ' || v_num);
IF v_num = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No employees found');
END IF;
FOR emp IN (SELECT * FROM employees ORDER BY last_name) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(emp.first_name || ' ' || emp.last_name);
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employees found');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 100;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_name = emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
IF v_emp_name IS NOT NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_emp_name, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee ID: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''));
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 100;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT emp_name INTO v_emp_name FROM employees WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
IF v_emp_name IS NOT NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_emp_name);
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for employee ID: ' || v_emp_id);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE calc_total_sales(@p_deptno IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
*** iables
v_total_sales SET @NUMBER = 0;
*** e total sales for the given department
SELECT @v_total_sales = SUM(sales)
FROM sales
WHERE deptno = p_deptno;
*** sales
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total sales for department ' + isnull(p_deptno, '') + ': ' + isnull(v_total_sales, ''));
END;
*** rocedure
BEGIN
dbo.calc_total_sales(20);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(@@ERROR, ''));
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE calc_total_sales(p_deptno IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
-- Declare local variables
v_total_sales NUMBER := 0;
-- Query to calculate total sales for the given department
SELECT SUM(sales) INTO v_total_sales
FROM sales
WHERE deptno = p_deptno;
-- Output the total sales
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total sales for department ' || p_deptno || ': ' || v_total_sales);
END;
-- Call the stored procedure
BEGIN
calc_total_sales(20);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLCODE);
END;
|
sql
IF OBJECT_ID('get_total_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_total_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_total_salary(@emp_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @total_salary FLOAT;
SELECT @total_salary = SUM(salary) FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
RETURN @total_salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN 0;
END
END;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total salary: ' + isnull(dbo.get_total_salary(1), ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
| sql
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_total_salary(emp_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER AS
total_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary) INTO total_salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN total_salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN 0;
END;
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total salary: ' || get_total_salary(1));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE Employee_Bonus(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @bonus = (salary * 0.1) FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF bonus IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20101 Invalid Employee ID', 16, 1);
END
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + bonus WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE Employee_Bonus(emp_id IN NUMBER) AS
bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT (salary * 0.1) INTO bonus FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
IF bonus IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'Invalid Employee ID');
END IF;
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + bonus WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
DECLARE
*** and cursors
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
*** fetch data
SELECT emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
FETCH cur_emp INTO @v_emp_id, @v_emp_name, @v_emp_salary;
*** lts and process each row
WHILE cur_emp%ISOPEN BEGIN
-- Pr... SQLINES DEMO ***
UPDATE employees SET emp_salary = emp_salary + 100 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
-- Fe... SQLINES DEMO ***
FETCH cur_emp INTO @v_emp_id, @v_emp_name, @v_emp_salary;
END;
-- Cl... SQLINES DEMO ***
CLOSE cur_emp;
END;
|
DECLARE
-- Declare variables and cursors
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Open a cursor and fetch data
OPEN cur_emp FOR
SELECT emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
FETCH cur_emp INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_emp_salary;
-- Loop through results and process each row
WHILE cur_emp%ISOPEN LOOP
-- Process current row
UPDATE employees SET emp_salary = emp_salary + 100 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
-- Fetch next row
FETCH cur_emp INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_emp_salary;
END LOOP;
-- Close the cursor
CLOSE cur_emp;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employees (employee_id FLOAT, name VARCHAR(50), salary FLOAT, PRIMARY KEY (employee_id));
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary) VALUES (1, 'John', 1000);
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE name = 'John';
DELETE FROM employees WHERE salary < 1000;
END;
|
CREATE TABLE employees (employee_id NUMBER, name VARCHAR2(50), salary NUMBER, PRIMARY KEY (employee_id));
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (employee_id, name, salary) VALUES (1, 'John', 1000);
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE name = 'John';
DELETE FROM employees WHERE salary < 1000;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_count', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_count;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_count(@dept_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
emp_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_count = COUNT(*) FROM employees WHERE department_id = dept_id;
RETURN emp_count;
END;
/
DECLARE
@total_count FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @total_count = dbo.get_employee_count(10);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total employee count in department 10: ' + isnull(@total_count, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for the specified department.');
END
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_count(dept_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
emp_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO emp_count FROM employees WHERE department_id = dept_id;
RETURN emp_count;
END;
/
DECLARE
total_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT get_employee_count(10) INTO total_count;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total employee count in department 10: ' || total_count);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for the specified department.');
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_sal NUMBER;
v_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_sal = sal
FROM emp
WHERE last_name = 'Jones';
IF v_sal > 10000 BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = v_sal * 0.1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = 0;
END
UPDATE emp
SET sal = v_sal + v_bonus
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_sal NUMBER;
v_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id, sal
INTO v_emp_id, v_sal
FROM emp
WHERE last_name = 'Jones';
IF v_sal > 10000 THEN
v_bonus := v_sal * 0.1;
ELSE
v_bonus := 0;
END IF;
UPDATE emp
SET sal = v_sal + v_bonus
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('is_active', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION is_active;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION is_active(@emp_id FLOAT) RETURNS BIT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @active BIT;
SELECT @active = @active FROM employees WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
RETURN @active;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN FALSE;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(@emp_id FLOAT, @sal FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees SET salary = @sal WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISERROR('-20001 Duplicate value on unique index', 16, 1);
END;
DECLARE
@total_salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @total_salary = SUM(salary) FROM employees;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total salary: ' + isnull(@total_salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION is_active(emp_id NUMBER) RETURN BOOLEAN IS
active BOOLEAN;
BEGIN
SELECT active INTO active FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN active;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN FALSE;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee(emp_id NUMBER, sal NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = sal WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Duplicate value on unique index');
END;
DECLARE
total_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary) INTO total_salary FROM employees;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total salary: ' || total_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sp_UpdateEmployee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sp_UpdateEmployee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_UpdateEmployee(
@employeeID IN AS NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
commissionPct IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + salary * commissionPct
WHERE employeeID = employeeID;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
/
BEGIN
dbo.sp_UpdateEmployee(100, 0.1, 0.05);
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_UpdateEmployee(
employeeID IN NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
commissionPct IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary + salary * commissionPct
WHERE employeeID = employeeID;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
/
BEGIN
sp_UpdateEmployee(100, 0.1, 0.05);
END;
/
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1;
WHILE @i <= 5 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i);
END;
DECLARE
@name VARCHAR(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @name = @name FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(@name);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found');
END
END;
IF i = 5 BEGIN
ROLLBACK;
END
END;
|
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1..5 LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(i);
END LOOP;
DECLARE
name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO name FROM employees WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found');
END;
IF i = 5 THEN
ROLLBACK;
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@sal FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @sal = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @sal > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = @sal + 1000 WHERE employee_id = 1;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20101 Salary too low to increase', 16, 1);
END
END; | DECLARE
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO sal FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF sal > 10000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = sal + 1000 WHERE employee_id = 1;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'Salary too low to increase');
END IF;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_details', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_employee_details;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_details(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, out_first_name OUT VARCHAR2, out_last_name OUT VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @out_first_name = first_name, @out_last_name = last_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
END get_employee_details;
DECLARE
@first_name VARCHAR(20);
last_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
dbo.get_employee_details(100, @first_name, last_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee First Name: ' + isnull(@first_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Last Name: ' + isnull(last_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_employee_details(emp_id IN NUMBER, out_first_name OUT VARCHAR2, out_last_name OUT VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
SELECT first_name, last_name
INTO out_first_name, out_last_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
END get_employee_details;
DECLARE
first_name VARCHAR2(20);
last_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
get_employee_details(100, first_name, last_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee First Name: ' || first_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Last Name: ' || last_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
DECLARE
@v_num1 FLOAT := 10;
v_num2 SET @NUMBER = 20;
BEGIN
*** the variables
SET @v_num1 = @v_num1 + v_num2;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END; | BEGIN
-- Declare variables
DECLARE
v_num1 NUMBER := 10;
v_num2 NUMBER := 20;
BEGIN
-- Do something with the variables
v_num1 := v_num1 + v_num2;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle errors
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@p1 IN AS NUMBER, p2 IN VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
IF p1 > 10 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Error message', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE my_table
SET my_column = p2
WHERE my_key = p1;
END
END my_proc;
DECLARE
@v_result FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_result = COUNT(*) FROM my_table;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result: ' + isnull(@v_result, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred');
END; | CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(p1 IN NUMBER, p2 IN VARCHAR2)
AS
BEGIN
IF p1 > 10 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Error message');
ELSE
UPDATE my_table
SET my_column = p2
WHERE my_key = p1;
END IF;
END my_proc;
DECLARE
v_result NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_result FROM my_table;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result: ' || v_result);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred');
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('proc_example', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE proc_example;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE proc_example(@p_num FLOAT) AS
v_result NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_result = SUM(col1) FROM table1 WHERE col2 = p_num;
IF v_result IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Error in proc_example: No rows found', 16, 1);
END
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result: ' + isnull(v_result, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE proc_example(p_num NUMBER) IS
v_result NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(col1) INTO v_result FROM table1 WHERE col2 = p_num;
IF v_result IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Error in proc_example: No rows found');
END IF;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result: ' || v_result);
END;
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