sqlserver
stringlengths 59
30k
| plsql
stringlengths 54
4.67k
|
|---|---|
DECLARE
@l_empno FLOAT;
l_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_empno = empno, @l_sal = sal FROM emp WHERE empno = 7369;
IF l_sal > 10000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10000');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is less than or equal to 10000');
END
IF @l_empno IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
l_empno NUMBER;
l_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno, sal INTO l_empno, l_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = 7369;
IF l_sal > 10000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is greater than 10000');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary is less than or equal to 10000');
END IF;
IF l_empno IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('ExampleProc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE ExampleProc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE ExampleProc(
@p_param1 IN AS VARCHAR2,
p_param2 OUT NUMBER
) AS
set @l_var1 = 0;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_var1 = COUNT(*) FROM table_name WHERE column_name = p_param1;
set @p_param2 = l_var1;
IF l_var1 = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Error: No rows found.', 16, 1);
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END; | CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE ExampleProc(
p_param1 IN VARCHAR2,
p_param2 OUT NUMBER
) AS
l_var1 := 0;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO l_var1 FROM table_name WHERE column_name = p_param1;
p_param2 := l_var1;
IF l_var1 = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Error: No rows found.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_id float;
v_name dbo.varchar2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id, @v_name = name FROM table WHERE id = 1;
IF @v_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20100 Record not found', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
UPDATE table SET name = 'New Name' WHERE id = @v_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Record updated successfully.');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No records found.');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id number;
v_name varchar2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO v_id, v_name FROM table WHERE id = 1;
IF v_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20100, 'Record not found');
ELSE
UPDATE table SET name = 'New Name' WHERE id = v_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Record updated successfully.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No records found.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
create procedure get_Salaries(@inout empid as int)
as
begin
select @empid = salary from emp where empid = empid;
if empid is null begin
raise no_data_found;
end
end;
/
|
create procedure get_Salaries(inout empid int)
as
begin
select salary into empid from emp where empid = empid;
if empid is null then
raise no_data_found;
end if;
end;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_salary_procedure (@emp_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name (@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT name FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id);
END;
DECLARE
@sal FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @sal = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF @sal > 50000 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is highly paid.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is not highly paid.');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_salary_procedure (emp_id IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name (emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT name FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id);
END;
DECLARE
sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO sal FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 1;
IF sal > 50000 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is highly paid.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee is not highly paid.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found.');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('update_dept_salaries', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_dept_salaries;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_dept_salaries(
@dept_id IN AS NUMBER,
percent IN NUMBER)
IS
-- Lo... SQLINES DEMO ***
avg_salary NUMBER;
*** rage salary for the department
SELECT @avg_salary = AVG(salary)
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = dept_id;
*** es of employees in the department
UPDATE employees
SET salary = CASE
WHEN salary < avg_salary * 0.95 THEN salary * (1 + percent)
ELSE salary
END
WHERE department_id = dept_id;
*** of rows updated
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Rows updated: ' + ISNULL(@@ROWCOUNT, ''));
EXCEPTION
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END update_dept_salaries;
-- Ca... SQLINES DEMO ***
BEGIN
dbo.update_dept_salaries(20, 0.1); *** n department 20 with a 10% increase
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_dept_salaries(
dept_id IN NUMBER,
percent IN NUMBER)
IS
-- Local variables
avg_salary NUMBER;
-- Calculate the average salary for the department
SELECT AVG(salary)
INTO avg_salary
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = dept_id;
-- Update the salaries of employees in the department
UPDATE employees
SET salary = CASE
WHEN salary < avg_salary * 0.95 THEN salary * (1 + percent)
ELSE salary
END
WHERE department_id = dept_id;
-- Report the number of rows updated
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Rows updated: ' || SQL%ROWCOUNT);
EXCEPTION
-- Handle errors
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END update_dept_salaries;
-- Call the procedure
BEGIN
update_dept_salaries(20, 0.1); -- Update salaries in department 20 with a 10% increase
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno
FROM emp
WHERE ename = 'SCOTT';
IF @v_empno IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No employee with that name', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp
SET sal = sal * 1.10
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 No employee with that name', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END; | DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno
INTO v_empno
FROM emp
WHERE ename = 'SCOTT';
IF v_empno IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No employee with that name');
END IF;
UPDATE emp
SET sal = sal * 1.10
WHERE empno = v_empno;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No employee with that name');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END; |
DECLARE
@num FLOAT;
name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @total = COUNT(*) FROM employees;
dbms_output.put_line('Total employees: ' + isnull(total, ''));
SELECT TOP 9 @num = employee_id, @name = first_name, @name = last_name, @total = salary
FROM employees
;
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
EXIT WHEN total < 0;
dbms_output.put_line(isnull(@num, '') + ' ' + isnull(name, '') + ' ' + isnull(total, ''));
SET @total = total - 10000;
END;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('No data found');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
dbms_output.put_line('An error occurred');
END;
/
|
DECLARE
num NUMBER;
name VARCHAR2(20);
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO total FROM employees;
dbms_output.put_line('Total employees: ' || total);
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name, salary
INTO num, name, name, total
FROM employees
WHERE rownum < 10;
LOOP
EXIT WHEN total < 0;
dbms_output.put_line(num || ' ' || name || ' ' || total);
total := total - 10000;
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
dbms_output.put_line('No data found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
dbms_output.put_line('An error occurred');
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT := 10;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_ename = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = @v_empno;
IF @v_empno IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Employee not found with empno ' + isnull(@v_empno, ''), 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE empno = @v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully for ' + isnull(v_ename, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER := 10;
v_ename VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO v_ename FROM emp WHERE empno = v_empno;
IF v_empno IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Employee not found with empno ' || v_empno);
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE empno = v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully for ' || v_ename);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno VARCHAR(4000) /* Use -meta option EMP.empno%TYPE */;
v_salary EMP.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
*** etails
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7839;
*** tails
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Number: ' + isnull(@v_empno, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
*** alary
UPDATE emp
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno EMP.empno%TYPE;
v_salary EMP.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
-- Select employee details
SELECT empno, salary
INTO v_empno, v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7839;
-- Print employee details
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Number: ' || v_empno);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || v_salary);
-- Update employee salary
UPDATE emp
SET salary = v_salary * 1.10
WHERE empno = v_empno;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
-- Handle error
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_summary
(
@deptno IN AS NUMBER,
start_date DATE,
end_date DATE
)
AS
-- Lo... SQLINES DEMO ***
emp_count NUMBER;
total_salary NUMBER;
avg_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Ma... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT @emp_count = COUNT(*), @total_salary = SUM(salary), @avg_salary = AVG(salary)
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = deptno
AND hiredate >= start_date
AND hiredate <= end_date;
-- Ou... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee count: ' + isnull(emp_count, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total salary: ' + isnull(total_salary, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Average salary: ' + isnull(avg_salary, ''));
-- Er... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF emp_count = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No employees found for the given criteria', 16, 1);
END
END emp_summary;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_summary
(
deptno IN NUMBER,
start_date DATE,
end_date DATE
)
AS
-- Local variables
emp_count NUMBER;
total_salary NUMBER;
avg_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Main logic
SELECT COUNT(*), SUM(salary), AVG(salary)
INTO emp_count, total_salary, avg_salary
FROM emp
WHERE deptno = deptno
AND hiredate >= start_date
AND hiredate <= end_date;
-- Output parameters
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee count: ' || emp_count);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total salary: ' || total_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Average salary: ' || avg_salary);
-- Error handling
IF emp_count = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No employees found for the given criteria');
END IF;
END emp_summary;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_avg(@emp_ids FLOAT[]DECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
total SET @NUMBER = 0;
count SET @NUMBER = 0;
BEGIN
DECLARE emp_id CURSOR FOR emp_ids
LOOP
set @total = total + emp_id;
set @count = count + 1;
FETCH emp_id INTO;
END;
CLOSE emp_id;
DEALLOCATE emp_id;
RETURN total / count;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(@emp_id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT)
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees SET salary = @new_salary WHERE employee_id = @emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @emp_ids FLOATSET @[] = (10, 20, 30);
DECLARE @avg FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @avg = dbo.get_avg(@emp_ids);
dbms_output.put_line('Average employee id: ' + isnull(@avg, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
dbo.update_employee(20, 50000);
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_avg(emp_ids NUMBER[]) RETURN NUMBER
AS
total NUMBER := 0;
count NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
FOR emp_id IN emp_ids
LOOP
total := total + emp_id;
count := count + 1;
END LOOP;
RETURN total / count;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(emp_id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE emp_ids NUMBER[] := (10, 20, 30);
DECLARE avg NUMBER;
BEGIN
avg := get_avg(emp_ids);
dbms_output.put_line('Average employee id: ' || avg);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
update_employee(20, 50000);
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id, @v_name = name FROM users WHERE id = 1;
IF @v_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 User not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE users SET name = isnull(v_name, '') + ' updated' WHERE id = 1;
COMMIT;
SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('User updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER;
v_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO v_id, v_name FROM users WHERE id = 1;
IF v_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'User not found');
END IF;
UPDATE users SET name = v_name || ' updated' WHERE id = 1;
COMMIT;
SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('User updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
SYS.DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_salary_update AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @v_salary FLOAT;
DECLARE @r_salary VARCHAR(200); -- Use -meta option to resolve the data type
DECLARE @r_employee_id VARCHAR(200); -- Use -meta option to resolve the data type
DECLARE r CURSOR FOR SELECT employee_id, salary FROM employees; OPEN r;
FETCH r INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
SET @v_salary = @r_salary * 1.10;
UPDATE employees SET salary = @v_salary WHERE employee_id = @r_employee_id;
FETCH r INTO;
END;
CLOSE r;
DEALLOCATE r;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_salary_update AS
BEGIN
DECLARE v_salary NUMBER;
FOR r IN (SELECT employee_id, salary FROM employees) LOOP
v_salary := r.salary * 1.10;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary WHERE employee_id = r.employee_id;
END LOOP;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sum_numbers(@n IN AS NUMBER) IS
total SET @NUMBER = 0;
BEGIN
DECLARE i CURSOR FOR 1 LOOP
set @total = total + i;
IF i = n BEGIN
EXIT;
END
FETCH i INTO;
END;
CLOSE i;
DEALLOCATE i;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The sum of numbers from 1 to ' + isnull(n, '') + ' is ' + isnull(total, ''));
END;
DECLARE
error_number EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO table1(id, name) VALUES(1, 'John');
*** by attempting to insert a duplicate value
INSERT INTO table1(id, name) VALUES(1, 'Mary');
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN error_number THEN
*** and take appropriate action, such as rolling back the transaction
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while inserting data into table1.');
ROLLBACK;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_name(@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN dbo.VARCHAR2(100)
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
customer_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @customer_name = name
FROM customers
WHERE id = customer_id;
RETURN customer_name;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE sum_numbers(n IN NUMBER) IS
total NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1 LOOP
total := total + i;
IF i = n THEN
EXIT;
END IF;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The sum of numbers from 1 to ' || n || ' is ' || total);
END;
DECLARE
error_number EXCEPTION;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO table1(id, name) VALUES(1, 'John');
-- Simulate an error by attempting to insert a duplicate value
INSERT INTO table1(id, name) VALUES(1, 'Mary');
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN error_number THEN
-- Handle the error and take appropriate action, such as rolling back the transaction
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred while inserting data into table1.');
ROLLBACK;
END;
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_name(customer_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2(100) IS
customer_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT name
INTO customer_name
FROM customers
WHERE id = customer_id;
RETURN customer_name;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE GetEmployeesByDepartment(@deptId IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE emp CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM Employees WHERE DepartmentId = deptId; OPEN emp;
FETCH emp INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(ISNULL(@emp_EmployeeName, '') + ' (' + ISNULL(@emp_EmployeeId, '') + ')');
FETCH emp INTO;
END;
CLOSE emp;
DEALLOCATE emp;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE GetEmployeesByDepartment(deptId IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
FOR emp IN (SELECT * FROM Employees WHERE DepartmentId = deptId) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(emp.EmployeeName || ' (' || emp.EmployeeId || ')');
END LOOP;
END;
|
DECLARE
@TYPE student_id_type IS ROW_NUMBER(10);
@TYPE student_name_type IS dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
@TYPE student_gpa_type IS FLOAT;
student_id student_id_type;
student_name student_name_type;
student_gpa student_gpa_type;
stud_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
*** s student data from database
SELECT student_id, student_name, student_gpa
FROM students
WHERE student_id = 12345;
FETCH stud_cursor INTO @student_id, @student_name, @student_gpa;
-- Up... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF student_gpa < 3.0 BEGIN
UPDATE students
SET student_gpa = 3.0
WHERE student_id = student_id;
END
*** cedure to log the changes
dbo.log_student_changes(student_id, student_name, student_gpa);
-- Cl... SQLINES DEMO ***
CLOSE stud_cursor;
END; | DECLARE
TYPE student_id_type IS NUMBER(10);
TYPE student_name_type IS VARCHAR2(50);
TYPE student_gpa_type IS FLOAT;
student_id student_id_type;
student_name student_name_type;
student_gpa student_gpa_type;
stud_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
-- Select and process student data from database
OPEN stud_cursor FOR
SELECT student_id, student_name, student_gpa
FROM students
WHERE student_id = 12345;
FETCH stud_cursor INTO student_id, student_name, student_gpa;
-- Update student GPA
IF student_gpa < 3.0 THEN
UPDATE students
SET student_gpa = 3.0
WHERE student_id = student_id;
END IF;
-- Call a stored procedure to log the changes
log_student_changes(student_id, student_name, student_gpa);
-- Close the cursor
CLOSE stud_cursor;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('example_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE example_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE example_proc (
@param1 IN AS VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
BEGIN
/* SQLINES DEMO *** here */
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE example_proc (
param1 IN VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
BEGIN
/* Insert some code here */
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE calc_total(@IN p_acc_num AS NUMBER, OUT p_total OUT NUMBER)
IS
v_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_balance = balance FROM accounts WHERE acc_num = p_acc_num;
IF v_balance IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Account not found', 16, 1);
END
SELECT @p_total = (v_balance + 100);
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_acc_num FLOAT := 123456;
v_total NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.calc_total(@v_acc_num, v_total);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total: ' + isnull(v_total, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No account found');
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred');
END;
END;
|
PROCEDURE calc_total(IN p_acc_num NUMBER, OUT p_total OUT NUMBER)
IS
v_balance NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT balance INTO v_balance FROM accounts WHERE acc_num = p_acc_num;
IF v_balance IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Account not found');
END IF;
SELECT (v_balance + 100) INTO p_total FROM dual;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
v_acc_num NUMBER := 123456;
v_total NUMBER;
BEGIN
calc_total(v_acc_num, v_total);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total: ' || v_total);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No account found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred');
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
*** call
pkg_emp.get_employee(empno => 7934, ename => @ename);
-- Fu... SQLINES DEMO ***
DECLARE
@bonus FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @bonus = pkg_emp.get_bonus(7934);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(@bonus);
END;
-- SQ... SQLINES DEMO ***
DECLARE
@deptno FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @deptno = @deptno FROM emp WHERE empno = 7934;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(@deptno);
END;
*** truct
IF @deptno = 20 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sales department');
END
ELSE IF @deptno = 30 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Marketing department');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Unknown department');
END
*** enario
BEGIN
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, deptno) VALUES (12345, 'New Employee', 20);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: Employee number already exists');
END;
END;
/
|
BEGIN
-- Stored procedure call
pkg_emp.get_employee(empno => 7934, ename => @ename);
-- Function call
DECLARE
bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
bonus := pkg_emp.get_bonus(7934);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(bonus);
END;
-- SQL statement
DECLARE
deptno NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT deptno INTO deptno FROM emp WHERE empno = 7934;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(deptno);
END;
-- Control flow construct
IF deptno = 20 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Sales department');
ELSIF deptno = 30 THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Marketing department');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Unknown department');
END IF;
-- Error handling scenario
BEGIN
INSERT INTO emp (empno, ename, deptno) VALUES (12345, 'New Employee', 20);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: Employee number already exists');
END;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'King';
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id INTO v_emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'King';
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_salary
(
@employee_id IN AS NUMBER,
OUT salary OUT NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @salary = 0;
END *** und scenario
END; | CREATE PROCEDURE get_employee_salary
(
employee_id IN NUMBER,
OUT salary OUT NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
salary := 0; -- Handle no data found scenario
END; |
BEGIN
DECLARE r CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM employee WHERE salary > 2000; OPEN r;
FETCH r INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line(isnull(@r_ename, '') + ' earns ' + isnull(@r_salary, ''));
FETCH r INTO;
END;
CLOSE r;
DEALLOCATE r;
END;
/ | BEGIN
FOR r IN (SELECT * FROM employee WHERE salary > 2000) LOOP
dbms_output.put_line(r.ename || ' earns ' || r.salary);
END LOOP;
END;
/ |
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc
(
@p_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_name IN OUT VARCHAR2
)
IS
v_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id FROM my_table WHERE name = p_name;
IF v_id IS NULL
BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No such name: ' + isnull(p_name, ''), 16, 1);
END
set @p_id = v_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0
BEGIN
NULL;
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc
(
p_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN OUT VARCHAR2
)
IS
v_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT id INTO v_id FROM my_table WHERE name = p_name;
IF v_id IS NULL
THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No such name: ' || p_name);
END IF;
p_id := v_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND
THEN
NULL;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id INT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER(6);
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id
INTO v_emp_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
|
if object_id('my_proc', 'P') is not null
drop procedure my_proc;
go
create procedure my_proc (@p1 in as number, p2 in number)
as
begin
if p1 > p2 begin
update t set col1 = p1 where;
end
else begin
delete from t where;
end
if @@fetch_status <> 0 begin
insert into t (col1, col2) values (p1, p2);
end
end;
|
create or replace procedure my_proc (p1 in number, p2 in number)
as
begin
if p1 > p2 then
update t set col1 = p1 where rownum = 1;
else
delete from t where rownum = 1;
end if;
exception
when no_data_found then
insert into t (col1, col2) values (p1, p2);
end;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_procedure', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_procedure;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure(@param_in IN AS NUMBER)
AS
*** iables
my_count NUMBER;
*** m database
SELECT @my_count = COUNT(*) FROM my_table WHERE id > param_in;
-- Pr... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF my_count > 0 BEGIN
*** ount is greater than 0
END
ELSE BEGIN
*** ount is equal to 0
END
*** database
INSERT INTO my_table ( name) VALUES ( 'My Name');
-- Ra... SQLINES DEMO ***
IF my_count = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 No rows affected', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_procedure(param_in IN NUMBER)
AS
-- Declare local variables
my_count NUMBER;
-- Retrieve data from database
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO my_count FROM my_table WHERE id > param_in;
-- Process data
IF my_count > 0 THEN
-- Do something if count is greater than 0
ELSE
-- Do something if count is equal to 0
END IF;
-- Insert data into database
INSERT INTO my_table (id, name) VALUES (my_sequence.NEXTVAL, 'My Name');
-- Raise an exception
IF my_count = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'No rows affected');
END IF;
END;
|
sql
IF OBJECT_ID('count_employees', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE count_employees;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE count_employees(
@deptno IN AS NUMBER,
OUT emp_count OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_count = COUNT(*) FROM employees WHERE deptno = deptno;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @emp_count = 0;
END
END;
| sql
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE count_employees(
deptno IN NUMBER,
OUT emp_count OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO emp_count FROM employees WHERE deptno = deptno;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
emp_count := 0;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('send_email', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE send_email;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE send_email(@p_to VARCHAR(4000), @p_subject VARCHAR(4000), @p_body VARCHAR(4000), @p_attachment VARBINARY(max)) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UTL_MAIL.SEND(@p_to, @p_subject, @p_body, @p_attachment);
END;
GO
DECLARE
@x FLOAT := 10;
BEGIN
IF @x > 5 BEGIN
SET @x = @x + 1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @x = @x - 1;
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
NULL; -- Ig... SQLINES DEMO ***
END;
/
SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE salary > (
SELECT AVG(salary)
FROM employees
);
DECLARE
@cursor c1 IS
SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department = 'Sales';
record_count SET @NUMBER = 0;
BEGIN
DECLARE row CURSOR FOR c1 LOOP
SET @record_count = record_count + 1;
FETCH row INTO;
END;
CLOSE row;
DEALLOCATE row;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(record_count);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE send_email(p_to VARCHAR2, p_subject VARCHAR2, p_body VARCHAR2, p_attachment BLOB) IS
BEGIN
UTL_MAIL.SEND(p_to, p_subject, p_body, p_attachment);
END;
/
DECLARE
x NUMBER := 10;
BEGIN
IF x > 5 THEN
x := x + 1;
ELSE
x := x - 1;
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
NULL; -- Ignore any errors
END;
/
SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE salary > (
SELECT AVG(salary)
FROM employees
);
DECLARE
cursor c1 IS
SELECT *
FROM employees
WHERE department = 'Sales';
record_count NUMBER := 0;
BEGIN
FOR row IN c1 LOOP
record_count := record_count + 1;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(record_count);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
/
|
declare
@v_emp_id float := 10;
v_salary number;
begin
select @v_salary = salary from employees where employee_id = @v_emp_id;
if v_salary > 10000 begin
update employees set salary = v_salary + 1000 where employee_id = @v_emp_id;
end
else begin
raiserror('-20001 salary is too low', 16, 1);
end
commit;
end;
/
|
declare
v_emp_id number := 10;
v_salary number;
begin
select salary into v_salary from employees where employee_id = v_emp_id;
if v_salary > 10000 then
update employees set salary = v_salary + 1000 where employee_id = v_emp_id;
else
raise_application_error(-20001, 'salary is too low');
end if;
commit;
end;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_customer_orders(@p_customer_id IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@l_customer_id FLOAT;
l_orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_customer_id = customer_id FROM customers WHERE name = 'John Doe';
SET @sql = dbo.get_customer_orders(@l_customer_id);
EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql;
-- Pr... SQLINES DEMO ***
DECLARE rec CURSOR FOR l_orders LOOP
*** the order
FETCH rec INTO;
END;
CLOSE rec;
DEALLOCATE rec;
CLOSE l_orders;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No customer found with that name', 16, 1);
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE get_customer_orders(p_customer_id IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = p_customer_id;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
l_customer_id NUMBER;
l_orders SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT customer_id INTO l_customer_id FROM customers WHERE name = 'John Doe';
OPEN l_orders FOR get_customer_orders(l_customer_id);
-- Process orders
FOR rec IN l_orders LOOP
-- Do something with the order
END LOOP;
CLOSE l_orders;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No customer found with that name');
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerOrders
(
@p_CustomerId IN AS NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE order_record CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE CustomerId = p_CustomerId; OPEN order_record;
FETCH order_record INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(@order_record_OrderId);
FETCH order_record INTO;
END;
CLOSE order_record;
DEALLOCATE order_record;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerOrders
(
p_CustomerId IN NUMBER
)
AS
BEGIN
FOR order_record IN (SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE CustomerId = p_CustomerId) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(order_record.OrderId);
END LOOP;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE usp_ProcessOrders (
@IN p_OrderDate AS DATE,
IN p_CustomerID NUMBER,
OUT p_TotalAmount NUMBER,
OUT p_Status VARCHAR2
)
AS
CURSOR c_Orders IS
SELECT o.OrderDate,
o.CustomerID,
SUM(od.UnitPrice * od.Quantity) AS TotalAmount
FROM Orders o
JOIN OrderDetails od
ON o.OrderDate = od.OrderDate
WHERE o.OrderDate = p_OrderDate
AND o.CustomerID = p_CustomerID
GROUP BY o.OrderDate, o.CustomerID;
BEGIN
OPEN c_Orders;
FETCH c_Orders INTO @p_OrderDate, @p_CustomerID, @p_TotalAmount;
CLOSE c_Orders;
IF p_TotalAmount > 100 BEGIN
SET @p_Status = 'Approved';
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @p_Status = 'Declined';
END
END usp_ProcessOrders;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE usp_ProcessOrders (
IN p_OrderDate DATE,
IN p_CustomerID NUMBER,
OUT p_TotalAmount NUMBER,
OUT p_Status VARCHAR2
)
AS
CURSOR c_Orders IS
SELECT o.OrderDate,
o.CustomerID,
SUM(od.UnitPrice * od.Quantity) AS TotalAmount
FROM Orders o
JOIN OrderDetails od
ON o.OrderDate = od.OrderDate
WHERE o.OrderDate = p_OrderDate
AND o.CustomerID = p_CustomerID
GROUP BY o.OrderDate, o.CustomerID;
BEGIN
OPEN c_Orders;
FETCH c_Orders INTO p_OrderDate, p_CustomerID, p_TotalAmount;
CLOSE c_Orders;
IF p_TotalAmount > 100 THEN
p_Status := 'Approved';
ELSE
p_Status := 'Declined';
END IF;
END usp_ProcessOrders;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE select_and_update (
@p_empno IN AS NUMBER
) IS
l_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = p_empno;
IF l_salary > 10000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET bonus = 0.1 * salary
WHERE empno = p_empno;
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE select_and_update (
p_empno IN NUMBER
) IS
l_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary
INTO l_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = p_empno;
IF l_salary > 10000 THEN
UPDATE emp
SET bonus = 0.1 * salary
WHERE empno = p_empno;
END IF;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_emp_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_emp_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_emp_name(@emp_id FLOAT)
RETURNS VARCHAR(4000) AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE empno = @emp_id);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
DECLARE
@v_emp_name VARCHAR(20);
BEGIN
SET @v_emp_name = dbo.get_emp_name(7788);
IF @v_emp_name IS NULL BEGIN
RAISE NO_DATA_FOUND;
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(@v_emp_name);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_emp_name(emp_id NUMBER)
RETURN VARCHAR2 AS
BEGIN
RETURN (SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
DECLARE
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
v_emp_name := get_emp_name(7788);
IF v_emp_name IS NULL THEN
RAISE NO_DATA_FOUND;
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_emp_name);
END IF;
END;
|
*** rocedure to get customer data
IF OBJECT_ID('get_customer', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_customer;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_customer (@customer_id IN AS NUMBER, OUT c_name VARCHAR2, OUT c_email VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT @c_name = name, @c_email = email FROM customers WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
END;
*** rocedure
DECLARE
@customer_id FLOAT := 1;
c_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
c_email dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
dbo.get_customer(@customer_id, c_name, c_email);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Name: ' + isnull(c_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Email: ' + isnull(c_email, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found');
END
END;
|
-- Create a stored procedure to get customer data
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_customer (customer_id IN NUMBER, OUT c_name VARCHAR2, OUT c_email VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
SELECT name, email INTO c_name, c_email FROM customers WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
END;
-- Call the stored procedure
DECLARE
customer_id NUMBER := 1;
c_name VARCHAR2(50);
c_email VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
get_customer(customer_id, c_name, c_email);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Name: ' || c_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Email: ' || c_email);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer not found');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @v_emp_id = 100;
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee ID is null', 16, 1);
END
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name) VALUES (@v_emp_id, 'John Doe');
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 No data found', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISERROR('-20003 An unexpected error occurred', 16, 1);
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_emp_id := 100;
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee ID is null');
END IF;
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name) VALUES (v_emp_id, 'John Doe');
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No data found');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20003, 'An unexpected error occurred');
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_customer_orders', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_customer_orders;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
order_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN order_cursor;
END;
DECLARE
order_ref CURSOR FOR get_customer_orders(10);
order_id NUMBER;
order_date DATE;
total_amount NUMBER;
BEGIN
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH order_ref INTO @order_id, @order_date, @total_amount;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' + isnull(order_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order Date: ' + isnull(order_date, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total Amount: ' + isnull(total_amount, ''));
END;
CLOSE order_ref;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(customer_id IN NUMBER) RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR IS
order_cursor SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN order_cursor FOR
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN order_cursor;
END;
DECLARE
order_ref CURSOR FOR get_customer_orders(10);
order_id NUMBER;
order_date DATE;
total_amount NUMBER;
BEGIN
LOOP
FETCH order_ref INTO order_id, order_date, total_amount;
EXIT WHEN order_ref%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' || order_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order Date: ' || order_date);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total Amount: ' || total_amount);
END LOOP;
CLOSE order_ref;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_employee(@fname IN AS VARCHAR2, lname IN VARCHAR2) AS
v_empno EMPLOYEE.empno%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = ISNULL(MAX(empno), 0) + 1 FROM employee;
INSERT INTO employee (empno, fname, lname) VALUES (v_empno, fname, lname);
END;
/
-- Sa... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXECUTE dbo.insert_employee('John', 'Doe');
*** late employee salary
CREATE FUNCTION get_salary(@empno IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
v_salary EMPLOYEE.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_salary = salary FROM employee WHERE empno = empno;
RETURN v_salary;
END;
/
-- Sa... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT dbo.get_salary(10);
*** to transfer funds
CREATE PROCEDURE transfer_funds(@from_acc IN AS NUMBER, to_acc IN NUMBER, amount IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE account SET balance = balance - amount WHERE acc_no = from_acc;
UPDATE account SET balance = balance + amount WHERE acc_no = to_acc;
END;
/
-- Sa... SQLINES DEMO ***
EXECUTE dbo.transfer_funds(100, 200, 100);
*** IF-ELSE
DECLARE
@v_status VARCHAR(10);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_status = status FROM order WHERE order_id = 1;
IF @v_status = 'Shipped' BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order has been shipped.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order is still processing.');
END
END;
/
BEGIN
BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Invalid input.', 16, 1);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred.');
END;
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_employee(fname IN VARCHAR2, lname IN VARCHAR2) AS
v_empno EMPLOYEE.empno%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT NVL(MAX(empno), 0) + 1 INTO v_empno FROM employee;
INSERT INTO employee (empno, fname, lname) VALUES (v_empno, fname, lname);
END;
/
-- Sample Usage
EXECUTE insert_employee('John', 'Doe');
-- Function to calculate employee salary
CREATE FUNCTION get_salary(empno IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER AS
v_salary EMPLOYEE.salary%TYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_salary FROM employee WHERE empno = empno;
RETURN v_salary;
END;
/
-- Sample Usage
SELECT get_salary(10) FROM dual;
-- Stored procedure to transfer funds
CREATE PROCEDURE transfer_funds(from_acc IN NUMBER, to_acc IN NUMBER, amount IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE account SET balance = balance - amount WHERE acc_no = from_acc;
UPDATE account SET balance = balance + amount WHERE acc_no = to_acc;
END;
/
-- Sample Usage
EXECUTE transfer_funds(100, 200, 100);
-- Control flow with IF-ELSE
DECLARE
v_status VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
SELECT status INTO v_status FROM order WHERE order_id = 1;
IF v_status = 'Shipped' THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order has been shipped.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order is still processing.');
END IF;
END;
/
BEGIN
BEGIN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Invalid input.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred.');
END;
END;
/
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
declare
@v_emp_id float;
v_emp_name dbo.varchar2(255);
begin
*** variables
set @v_emp_id = 100;
set @v_emp_name = 'John Doe';
*** table
insert into employees (emp_id, emp_name) values (@v_emp_id, v_emp_name);
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
commit;
exception
when others then
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
rollback;
raise;
end;
END; | BEGIN
-- Declare variables
declare
v_emp_id number;
v_emp_name varchar2(255);
begin
-- Assign values to variables
v_emp_id := 100;
v_emp_name := 'John Doe';
-- Insert data into table
insert into employees (emp_id, emp_name) values (v_emp_id, v_emp_name);
-- Commit changes
commit;
exception
when others then
-- Handle errors
rollback;
raise;
end;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_salary FLOAT := 10000;
v_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** ased on salary
IF @v_salary > 5000 BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = 0.1 * @v_salary;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @v_bonus = 0;
END
*** ata into database
INSERT INTO employees (salary, bonus)
VALUES (@v_salary, v_bonus);
*** f insertion fails
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Insertion failed', 16, 1);
END
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_salary NUMBER := 10000;
v_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Calculate bonus based on salary
IF v_salary > 5000 THEN
v_bonus := 0.1 * v_salary;
ELSE
v_bonus := 0;
END IF;
-- Insert employee data into database
INSERT INTO employees (salary, bonus)
VALUES (v_salary, v_bonus);
-- Raise exception if insertion fails
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Insertion failed');
END IF;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
BEGIN
IF dbo.get_employee_salary(100) IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
BEGIN
IF get_employee_salary(100) IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_details(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN emp_rec%ROWTYPE
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
l_emp_rec emp_rec%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT @l_emp_rec = * FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN l_emp_rec;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee with ID ' + isnull(emp_id, '') + ' not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISERROR('-20002 An error occurred while updating the employee salary', 16, 1);
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_details(emp_id IN NUMBER) RETURN emp_rec%ROWTYPE IS
l_emp_rec emp_rec%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
SELECT * INTO l_emp_rec FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN l_emp_rec;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee with ID ' || emp_id || ' not found');
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'An error occurred while updating the employee salary');
END;
|
*** e to insert a new employee
IF OBJECT_ID('insert_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE insert_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_employee(
@p_first_name IN AS VARCHAR2,
p_last_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_email IN VARCHAR2,
p_phone IN VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
*** oyee into the employees table
INSERT INTO employees (
first_name,
last_name,
email,
phone)
VALUES
(p_first_name, p_last_name, p_email, p_phone);
END;
*** to calculate the total salary for an employee
IF OBJECT_ID('get_total_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_total_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_total_salary(
@p_emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
v_total_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** al salary for the employee
SELECT @v_total_salary = SUM(salary)
FROM employee_salaries
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
*** salary
RETURN v_total_salary;
END;
*** ement to select all employees
SELECT
*
FROM
employees;
*** flow construct to check if an employee is active
IF employee_status = 'A' BEGIN
*** ctive
...
END
ELSE BEGIN
*** ot active
...
END
*** andling scenario to handle an invalid employee ID
BEGIN
*** ployee's salary
SELECT @v_salary = salary
FROM employee_salaries
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
*** f the employee ID is invalid
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @v_salary = 0;
END
END;
|
-- Create a procedure to insert a new employee
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE insert_employee(
p_first_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_last_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_email IN VARCHAR2,
p_phone IN VARCHAR2)
IS
BEGIN
-- Insert a new employee into the employees table
INSERT INTO employees (
first_name,
last_name,
email,
phone)
VALUES
(p_first_name, p_last_name, p_email, p_phone);
END;
-- Create a function to calculate the total salary for an employee
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_total_salary(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER
IS
v_total_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Calculate the total salary for the employee
SELECT SUM(salary)
INTO v_total_salary
FROM employee_salaries
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
-- Return the total salary
RETURN v_total_salary;
END;
-- Create a SQL statement to select all employees
SELECT
*
FROM
employees;
-- Create a control flow construct to check if an employee is active
IF employee_status = 'A' THEN
-- The employee is active
...
ELSE
-- The employee is not active
...
END IF;
-- Create an error handling scenario to handle an invalid employee ID
BEGIN
-- Try to get the employee's salary
SELECT salary
INTO v_salary
FROM employee_salaries
WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
-- Catch the error if the employee ID is invalid
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
v_salary := 0;
END;
|
BEGIN
*** e of type NUMBER
v_number SET @NUMBER = 10;
*** of the variable
set @v_number = v_number + 1;
*** f the variable
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The value of v_number is ' + isnull(v_number, ''));
EXCEPTION
*** that may occur
WHEN OTHERS THEN
*** essage
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare a variable of type NUMBER
v_number NUMBER := 10;
-- Update the value of the variable
v_number := v_number + 1;
-- Print the value of the variable
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The value of v_number is ' || v_number);
EXCEPTION
-- Handle any errors that may occur
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Print the error message
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE TABLE my_table(id FLOAT PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR(255), age FLOAT);
INSERT INTO my_table(id, name, age) VALUES (1, 'John', 30);
UPDATE my_table SET age = age + 1 WHERE id = 1;
DELETE FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
SELECT * FROM my_table;
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(255);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_id = id, @v_name = name FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ID: ' + isnull(@v_id, '') + ', Name: ' + isnull(v_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for ID 1');
END
END;
CREATE FUNCTION my_function(@p_id FLOAT) RETURNS VARCHAR(4000) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @v_name VARCHAR(255);
SELECT @v_name = name FROM my_table WHERE id = @p_id;
RETURN @v_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
SELECT dbo.my_function(1);
CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure(@p_id FLOAT, @p_name VARCHAR(4000)) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE my_table SET name = @p_name WHERE id = @p_id;
END;
CALL my_procedure(1, 'Jane');
|
CREATE TABLE my_table(id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY, name VARCHAR2(255), age NUMBER);
INSERT INTO my_table(id, name, age) VALUES (1, 'John', 30);
UPDATE my_table SET age = age + 1 WHERE id = 1;
DELETE FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
SELECT * FROM my_table;
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER;
v_name VARCHAR2(255);
BEGIN
SELECT id, name INTO v_id, v_name FROM my_table WHERE id = 1;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('ID: ' || v_id || ', Name: ' || v_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found for ID 1');
END;
CREATE FUNCTION my_function(p_id NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
v_name VARCHAR2(255);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO v_name FROM my_table WHERE id = p_id;
RETURN v_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
SELECT my_function(1) FROM DUAL;
CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure(p_id NUMBER, p_name VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE my_table SET name = p_name WHERE id = p_id;
END;
CALL my_procedure(1, 'Jane');
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id,
@v_emp_name = isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, ''),
@v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 10;
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Information:');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_emp_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id,
first_name || ' ' || last_name,
salary
INTO v_emp_id, v_emp_name, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = 10;
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Information:');
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_emp_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_emp_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || v_salary);
END IF;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary
(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
)
IS
old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @old_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
IF (new_salary > old_salary) BEGIN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('New salary must be greater than the old salary.');
END
END;
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
new_salary SET @NUMBER = 15000;
BEGIN
CALL UpdateEmployeeSalary(@emp_id, new_salary);
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateEmployeeSalary
(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
new_salary IN NUMBER
)
IS
old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO old_salary
FROM employees
WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
IF (new_salary > old_salary) THEN
UPDATE employees
SET salary = new_salary
WHERE emp_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary updated successfully.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('New salary must be greater than the old salary.');
END IF;
END;
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
new_salary NUMBER := 15000;
BEGIN
CALL UpdateEmployeeSalary(emp_id, new_salary);
END;
/
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_name (@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
customer_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @customer_name = name FROM customers WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN customer_name;
END
get_customer_name;
BEGIN
DECLARE r CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM customers; OPEN r;
FETCH r INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(dbo.get_customer_name(@r_customer_id));
FETCH r INTO;
END;
CLOSE r;
DEALLOCATE r;
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_name (customer_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2
AS
customer_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO customer_name FROM customers WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN customer_name;
END
get_customer_name;
BEGIN
FOR r IN (SELECT * FROM customers) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(get_customer_name(r.customer_id));
END LOOP;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_name', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_name;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_name(@id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @name = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = id;
RETURN name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_name(id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO name FROM emp WHERE empno = id;
RETURN name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(@employee_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF @@ROWCOUNT = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found.', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee(employee_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
IF SQL%ROWCOUNT = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found.');
END IF;
COMMIT;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('add_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE add_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE add_employee (
@name IN AS VARCHAR2,
salary IN NUMBER,
department_id IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (name, salary, department_id)
VALUES (name, salary, department_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISERROR('-20001 Duplicate value in index', 16, 1);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE add_employee (
name IN VARCHAR2,
salary IN NUMBER,
department_id IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (name, salary, department_id)
VALUES (name, salary, department_id);
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Duplicate value in index');
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
v_old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_old_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
IF p_salary > v_old_salary BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = p_salary WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary cannot be decreased', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
v_old_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO v_old_salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
IF p_salary > v_old_salary THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = p_salary WHERE emp_id = p_emp_id;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary cannot be decreased');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_name VARCHAR(20);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_name = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = 10;
IF @v_emp_name IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee with specified ID not found.', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = 10;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
/ | DECLARE
v_emp_name VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO v_emp_name FROM emp WHERE empno = 10;
IF v_emp_name IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee with specified ID not found.');
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empno = 10;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
/ |
IF OBJECT_ID('validate_order', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE validate_order;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE validate_order(@order_id IN AS NUMBER)
AS
status dbo.VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
SELECT @status = order_status FROM orders WHERE order_id = order_id;
IF status = 'NEW' BEGIN
UPDATE orders SET order_status = 'PROCESSING' WHERE order_id = order_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Order already processed or cancelled', 16, 1);
END
END validate_order;
IF OBJECT_ID('get_order_total', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_order_total;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_order_total(@order_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @total = SUM(quantity * unit_price) FROM order_items WHERE order_id = order_id;
RETURN total;
END get_order_total;
BEGIN
*** l flow using PL/SQL variables
DECLARE
@order_id FLOAT := 1001;
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Pr... SQLINES DEMO ***
dbo.validate_order(@order_id);
-- Ca... SQLINES DEMO ***
SET @total = dbo.get_order_total(@order_id);
-- Pr... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total: ' + isnull(total, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE validate_order(order_id IN NUMBER)
AS
status VARCHAR2(10);
BEGIN
SELECT order_status INTO status FROM orders WHERE order_id = order_id;
IF status = 'NEW' THEN
UPDATE orders SET order_status = 'PROCESSING' WHERE order_id = order_id;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Order already processed or cancelled');
END IF;
END validate_order;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_order_total(order_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
AS
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(quantity * unit_price) INTO total FROM order_items WHERE order_id = order_id;
RETURN total;
END get_order_total;
BEGIN
-- Example of control flow using PL/SQL variables
DECLARE
order_id NUMBER := 1001;
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
-- Process order
validate_order(order_id);
-- Calculate total
total := get_order_total(order_id);
-- Print total
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total: ' || total);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle error
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('emp_update', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE emp_update;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_update(
@id IN AS NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
deptno IN NUMBER
)
IS
dept_exists BOOLEAN;
BEGIN
SELECT @dept_exists = 1 FROM dept WHERE deptno = deptno;
IF dept_exists BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary, deptno = deptno WHERE id = id;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Invalid department number: ' + isnull(deptno, ''), 16, 1);
END
END;
/
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT := 10;
v_salary SET @NUMBER = 20000;
v_deptno SET @NUMBER = 20;
BEGIN
dbo.emp_update(@v_id, v_salary, v_deptno);
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_update(
id IN NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
deptno IN NUMBER
)
IS
dept_exists BOOLEAN;
BEGIN
SELECT 1 INTO dept_exists FROM dept WHERE deptno = deptno;
IF dept_exists THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary, deptno = deptno WHERE id = id;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Invalid department number: ' || deptno);
END IF;
END;
/
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER := 10;
v_salary NUMBER := 20000;
v_deptno NUMBER := 20;
BEGIN
emp_update(v_id, v_salary, v_deptno);
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@IN p1 AS NUMBER, OUT p2 NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT @p2 = SUM(salary) FROM employees WHERE department_id = p1;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @p2 = 0;
END
END;
/
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT := 101;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
dbo.my_proc(@v_emp_id, v_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' + isnull(v_salary, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred!');
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(IN p1 NUMBER, OUT p2 NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary) INTO p2 FROM employees WHERE department_id = p1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
p2 := 0;
END;
/
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER := 101;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
my_proc(v_emp_id, v_salary);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Salary: ' || v_salary);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred!');
END;
/
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (
@param1 IN AS VARCHAR2,
param2 OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT @param2 = SUM(id) FROM table1 WHERE name = param1;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No data found for parameter: ' + isnull(param1, ''), 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (
param1 IN VARCHAR2,
param2 OUT NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(id) INTO param2 FROM table1 WHERE name = param1;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No data found for parameter: ' || param1);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_customer_orders', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_customer_orders;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
orders_cur SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders_cur;
END get_customer_orders;
DECLARE
@customer_id FLOAT := 12345;
BEGIN
DECLARE order_rec CURSOR FOR dbo.get_customer_orders(@customer_id) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(@order_rec_order_id);
FETCH order_rec INTO;
END;
CLOSE order_rec;
DEALLOCATE order_rec;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No orders found for customer ' + isnull(@customer_id, ''));
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(customer_id IN NUMBER) RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR AS
orders_cur SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN orders_cur FOR
SELECT * FROM orders WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders_cur;
END get_customer_orders;
DECLARE
customer_id NUMBER := 12345;
BEGIN
FOR order_rec IN get_customer_orders(customer_id) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(order_rec.order_id);
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No orders found for customer ' || customer_id);
END;
|
declare
@balance float := 1000;
begin
if @balance < 500 begin
raiserror('-20001 Insufficient balance', 16, 1);
end
else begin
set @balance = @balance - 500;
dbms_output.put_line('Withdrawal successful. New balance: ' + isnull(@balance, ''));
end
end;
|
declare
balance number := 1000;
begin
if balance < 500 then
raise_application_error(-20001, 'Insufficient balance');
else
balance := balance - 500;
dbms_output.put_line('Withdrawal successful. New balance: ' || balance);
end if;
end;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE @i INT = 1 ;
WHILE @i <= 10 BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (name, salary) VALUES ('emp'+isnull(i, ''), i * 1000);
COMMIT;
END;
IF i > 10 BEGIN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20001 Too many employees added', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
BEGIN
FOR i IN 1 .. 10 LOOP
INSERT INTO employees (name, salary) VALUES ('emp'||i, i * 1000);
COMMIT;
END LOOP;
IF i > 10 THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Too many employees added');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id
FROM emp
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF @v_emp_id IS NOT NULL BEGIN
UPDATE emp
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END; | DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id
INTO v_emp_id
FROM emp
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_emp_id IS NOT NULL THEN
UPDATE emp
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
END; |
CREATE FUNCTION GetCustomerName(@p_cust_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
l_cust_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @l_cust_name = name FROM customers WHERE id = p_cust_id;
RETURN l_cust_name;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateOrder(@p_order_id IN AS NUMBER, p_status IN VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE orders SET status = p_status WHERE id = p_order_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@l_cust_id FLOAT := 100;
l_cust_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SET @l_cust_name = dbo.GETCUSTOMERNAME(@l_cust_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Name: ' + isnull(l_cust_name, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer with ID ' + isnull(@l_cust_id, '') + ' not found');
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION GetCustomerName(p_cust_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
l_cust_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO l_cust_name FROM customers WHERE id = p_cust_id;
RETURN l_cust_name;
END;
CREATE PROCEDURE UpdateOrder(p_order_id IN NUMBER, p_status IN VARCHAR2) IS
BEGIN
UPDATE orders SET status = p_status WHERE id = p_order_id;
COMMIT;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
l_cust_id NUMBER := 100;
l_cust_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
l_cust_name := GETCUSTOMERNAME(l_cust_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer Name: ' || l_cust_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Customer with ID ' || l_cust_id || ' not found');
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR
SELECT * FROM table_name
WHERE condition = 'value';
BEGIN
DECLARE record_name CURSOR FOR cursor_name OPEN record_name;
FETCH record_name INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
*** record_name
FETCH record_name INTO;
END;
CLOSE record_name;
DEALLOCATE record_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR
SELECT * FROM table_name
WHERE condition = 'value';
BEGIN
FOR record_name IN cursor_name LOOP
-- Do something with record_name
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle exception
END;
END; |
BEGIN
DECLARE @l_empno FLOAT;
DECLARE @l_salary FLOAT;
DECLARE @l_bonus FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @l_empno = 7839;
SELECT @l_salary = salary FROM emp WHERE empno = @l_empno;
IF @l_salary > 10000 BEGIN
SET @l_bonus = @l_salary * 0.1;
END
ELSE IF @l_salary > 5000 BEGIN
SET @l_bonus = @l_salary * 0.05;
END
ELSE BEGIN
SET @l_bonus = 0;
END
UPDATE emp SET bonus = @l_bonus WHERE empno = @l_empno;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Bonus for employee ' + isnull(@l_empno, '') + ' is ' + isnull(@l_bonus, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE l_empno NUMBER;
DECLARE l_salary NUMBER;
DECLARE l_bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
l_empno := 7839;
SELECT salary INTO l_salary FROM emp WHERE empno = l_empno;
IF l_salary > 10000 THEN
l_bonus := l_salary * 0.1;
ELSIF l_salary > 5000 THEN
l_bonus := l_salary * 0.05;
ELSE
l_bonus := 0;
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET bonus = l_bonus WHERE empno = l_empno;
COMMIT;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Bonus for employee ' || l_empno || ' is ' || l_bonus);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END; |
IF OBJECT_ID('get_product_info', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_product_info;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_product_info(@product_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
product_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT @product_name = name FROM products WHERE id = product_id;
RETURN product_name;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_product_stock', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_product_stock;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_product_stock(@product_id IN AS NUMBER, new_stock IN NUMBER) IS
cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
UPDATE products SET stock = new_stock WHERE id = product_id;
SELECT @cnt = COUNT(*) FROM products WHERE id = product_id AND stock = new_stock;
IF cnt = 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Failed to update product stock', 16, 1);
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @product_name VARCHAR(50);
BEGIN
SET @product_name = dbo.get_product_info(10);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Product Name: ' + isnull(@product_name, ''));
dbo.update_product_stock(10, 50);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Product Stock Updated');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No product found with the given ID');
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Duplicate value found while updating product stock');
END
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_product_info(product_id IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 IS
product_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO product_name FROM products WHERE id = product_id;
RETURN product_name;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_product_stock(product_id IN NUMBER, new_stock IN NUMBER) IS
cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
UPDATE products SET stock = new_stock WHERE id = product_id;
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO cnt FROM products WHERE id = product_id AND stock = new_stock;
IF cnt = 0 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Failed to update product stock');
END IF;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE product_name VARCHAR2(50);
BEGIN
product_name := get_product_info(10);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Product Name: ' || product_name);
update_product_stock(10, 50);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Product Stock Updated');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No product found with the given ID');
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Duplicate value found while updating product stock');
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('sp_calculate_total_sales', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE sp_calculate_total_sales;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_calculate_total_sales (
@customer_id IN AS NUMBER
) AS
total_sales NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @total_sales = SUM(quantity * unit_price)
FROM sales
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
IF total_sales IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 No sales records found for customer ' + isnull(customer_id, ''), 16, 1);
END
RETURN total_sales;
END sp_calculate_total_sales;
DECLARE
@total FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @total = dbo.sp_calculate_total_sales(1234);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total sales for customer 1234: ' + isnull(@total, ''));
END;
/
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_calculate_total_sales (
customer_id IN NUMBER
) AS
total_sales NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(quantity * unit_price)
INTO total_sales
FROM sales
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
IF total_sales IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'No sales records found for customer ' || customer_id);
END IF;
RETURN total_sales;
END sp_calculate_total_sales;
DECLARE
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
total := sp_calculate_total_sales(1234);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total sales for customer 1234: ' || total);
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_ename = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = :input_empno;
IF @v_empno IS NOT NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' + isnull(v_ename, '') + ' found with empno ' + isnull(@v_empno, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No matching employee found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT empno, ename INTO v_empno, v_ename FROM emp WHERE empno = :input_empno;
IF v_empno IS NOT NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ' || v_ename || ' found with empno ' || v_empno);
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No matching employee found');
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@employee_id FLOAT) RETURNS FLOAT AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @salary FLOAT;
SELECT @salary = @salary FROM employees WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
RETURN @salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN -1;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@employee_id FLOAT, @new_salary FLOAT) AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
UPDATE employees SET salary = @new_salary WHERE @employee_id = @employee_id;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found.', 16, 1);
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@salary FLOAT := dbo.get_employee_salary(100);
BEGIN
IF @salary = -1 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20002 No employee with ID 100 found.', 16, 1);
END
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISERROR('-20003 Unexpected error occurred.', 16, 1);
END;
dbo.update_employee_salary(100, @salary + 1000);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(employee_id NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER AS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN -1;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(employee_id NUMBER, new_salary NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = employee_id;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found.');
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
salary NUMBER := get_employee_salary(100);
BEGIN
IF salary = -1 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No employee with ID 100 found.');
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20003, 'Unexpected error occurred.');
END;
update_employee_salary(100, salary + 1000);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('save_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE save_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE save_employee(
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_emp_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_emp_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary)
VALUES (p_emp_id, p_emp_name, p_emp_salary);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
-- Ca... SQLINES DEMO ***
dbo.save_employee(1234, 'John Doe', 10000);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Ha... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error saving employee: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE save_employee(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_emp_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_emp_salary IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (emp_id, emp_name, emp_salary)
VALUES (p_emp_id, p_emp_name, p_emp_salary);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
-- Call the procedure
save_employee(1234, 'John Doe', 10000);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle the error
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error saving employee: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION GetEmployeeInfo(@emp_no IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN VARCHAR2
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT @emp_name = ename FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_no;
RETURN emp_name;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
@emp_no FLOAT := 7839;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SET @emp_name = dbo.GetEmployeeInfo(@emp_no);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
END;
|
CREATE FUNCTION GetEmployeeInfo(emp_no IN NUMBER) RETURN VARCHAR2 AS
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
SELECT ename INTO emp_name FROM emp WHERE empno = emp_no;
RETURN emp_name;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE
emp_no NUMBER := 7839;
emp_name VARCHAR2(100);
BEGIN
emp_name := GetEmployeeInfo(emp_no);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || emp_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_customer_orders', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE get_customer_orders;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE get_customer_orders (
@customer_id IN AS NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE order_record CURSOR FOR
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
OPEN order_record;
FETCH order_record INTO;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS=0
BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' + isnull(@order_record_order_id, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order Date: ' + ISNULL(TO_CHAR(@order_record_order_date, 'DD-MM-YYYY'), ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total Amount: ' + isnull(@order_record_total_amount, ''));
FETCH order_record INTO;
END;
CLOSE order_record;
DEALLOCATE order_record;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No orders found for this customer.');
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE get_customer_orders (
customer_id IN NUMBER
) AS
BEGIN
FOR order_record IN (
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id
) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order ID: ' || order_record.order_id);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Order Date: ' || TO_CHAR(order_record.order_date, 'DD-MM-YYYY'));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Total Amount: ' || order_record.total_amount);
END LOOP;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No orders found for this customer.');
END;
|
DECLARE
@sal_incr FLOAT := 0.10;
salary SET @NUMBER = 1000;
emp_name dbo.VARCHAR2(50) := 'John Doe';
BEGIN
BEGIN
*** h 10% increment
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * (1 + @sal_incr) WHERE employee_name = emp_name;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20000 Error updating salary for ' + isnull(emp_name, ''), 16, 1);
END;
*** n local variables
DECLARE
@bonus FLOAT := 100;
total_salary SET @NUMBER = salary + @bonus;
BEGIN
*** emonstrate variable scoping
DECLARE
@bonus_pct DECIMAL(5, 2) := 0.05;
BEGIN
SET @bonus = salary * @bonus_pct;
SET @total_salary = salary + @bonus;
END;
END;
*** g IF-THEN-ELSE
IF total_salary > 1200 BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('Eligible for promotion: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
END
ELSE BEGIN
dbms_output.put_line('Not eligible for promotion: ' + isnull(emp_name, ''));
END
END;
|
DECLARE
sal_incr NUMBER := 0.10;
salary NUMBER := 1000;
emp_name VARCHAR2(50) := 'John Doe';
BEGIN
BEGIN
-- Update salary with 10% increment
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * (1 + sal_incr) WHERE employee_name = emp_name;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Error updating salary for ' || emp_name);
END;
-- Declare and assign local variables
DECLARE
bonus NUMBER := 100;
total_salary NUMBER := salary + bonus;
BEGIN
-- Nested block to demonstrate variable scoping
DECLARE
bonus_pct NUMBER(5, 2) := 0.05;
BEGIN
bonus := salary * bonus_pct;
total_salary := salary + bonus;
END;
END;
-- Control flow using IF-THEN-ELSE
IF total_salary > 1200 THEN
dbms_output.put_line('Eligible for promotion: ' || emp_name);
ELSE
dbms_output.put_line('Not eligible for promotion: ' || emp_name);
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT := 10;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_name = ename, @v_sal = sal FROM emp WHERE empno = @v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_name, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' + isnull(v_sal, ''));
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee with employee number ' + isnull(@v_empno, '') + ' not found');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER := 10;
v_name VARCHAR2(20);
v_sal NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT ename, sal INTO v_name, v_sal FROM emp WHERE empno = v_empno;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_name);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Salary: ' || v_sal);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee with employee number ' || v_empno || ' not found');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empid FLOAT := 1;
BEGIN
-- SE... SQLINES DEMO ***
SELECT first_name, last_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = @v_empid;
*** truct
IF @v_empid > 0 BEGIN
*** call
pkg_hr.update_employee_salary(@v_empid, 1000);
-- Er... SQLINES DEMO ***
BEGIN
-- Fu... SQLINES DEMO ***
pkg_hr.calc_bonus(@v_empid);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
-- Ex... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('No bonus calculated for employee with ID ' + isnull(@v_empid, ''));
END
END;
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empid NUMBER := 1;
BEGIN
-- SELECT statement
SELECT first_name, last_name
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = v_empid;
-- Control flow construct
IF v_empid > 0 THEN
-- Stored procedure call
pkg_hr.update_employee_salary(v_empid, 1000);
-- Error handling
BEGIN
-- Function call
pkg_hr.calc_bonus(v_empid);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- Exception handling
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('No bonus calculated for employee with ID ' || v_empid);
END;
END IF;
END;
|
BEGIN
--Dec... SQLINES DEMO ***
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
*** d salary
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id, @v_salary = salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 100;
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
--Giv... SQLINES DEMO ***
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
ELSE BEGIN
--Giv... SQLINES DEMO ***
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.05 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
END
--Com... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END
END;
END;
|
BEGIN
--Declare variables
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
--Get employee id and salary
SELECT emp_id, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 100;
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
--Give 10% raise
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.10 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
ELSE
--Give 5% raise
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.05 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
END IF;
--Commit changes
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee not found');
END;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc (
@param1 IN AS NUMBER,
param2 IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @cnt = COUNT(*) FROM my_table WHERE col1 = param1;
IF cnt > 0 BEGIN
UPDATE my_table SET col2 = param2 WHERE col1 = param1;
END
ELSE BEGIN
INSERT INTO my_table (col1, col2) VALUES (param1, param2);
END
COMMIT;
END my_proc;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc (
param1 IN NUMBER,
param2 IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
cnt NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO cnt FROM my_table WHERE col1 = param1;
IF cnt > 0 THEN
UPDATE my_table SET col2 = param2 WHERE col1 = param1;
ELSE
INSERT INTO my_table (col1, col2) VALUES (param1, param2);
END IF;
COMMIT;
END my_proc;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('insert_employee', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE insert_employee;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE insert_employee(
@p_emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_emp_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_hire_date IN DATE,
p_job_id IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_comm IN NUMBER,
p_dept_id IN NUMBER)
IS
v_error_msg dbo.VARCHAR2(2000);
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id,
first_name,
hire_date,
job_id,
salary,
commission_pct,
department_id)
VALUES(p_emp_id,
p_emp_name,
p_hire_date,
p_job_id,
p_salary,
p_comm,
p_dept_id);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
set @v_error_msg = SUBSTRING(SQLERRM, 1, 2000);
RAISERROR(-20000, v_error_msg, 16, 1);
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE insert_employee(
p_emp_id IN NUMBER,
p_emp_name IN VARCHAR2,
p_hire_date IN DATE,
p_job_id IN VARCHAR2,
p_salary IN NUMBER,
p_comm IN NUMBER,
p_dept_id IN NUMBER)
IS
v_error_msg VARCHAR2(2000);
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees(employee_id,
first_name,
hire_date,
job_id,
salary,
commission_pct,
department_id)
VALUES(p_emp_id,
p_emp_name,
p_hire_date,
p_job_id,
p_salary,
p_comm,
p_dept_id);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
v_error_msg := SUBSTR(SQLERRM, 1, 2000);
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, v_error_msg);
END;
|
BEGIN
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1) BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Table does not exist');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Table exists');
END
END; | BEGIN
IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM dual) THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Table does not exist');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Table exists');
END IF;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_empid FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empid = empid
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF @v_empid IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE empid = @v_empid;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_empid NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empid
INTO v_empid
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_empid IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE employees
SET salary = salary * 1.10
WHERE empid = v_empid;
COMMIT;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('emp_name_change', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE emp_name_change;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_name_change(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_name IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET name = new_name WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('avg_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION avg_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION avg_salary(@dept_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END; AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT
AVG(salary)
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = dept_id
);
END;
DECLARE
@err_code FLOAT;
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (name, department_id, salary) VALUES ('John Doe', 10, 10000);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
SET @err_code = @@ERROR;
END;
IF @err_code IS NOT NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Duplicate employee name', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_name_change(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_name IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET name = new_name WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION avg_salary(dept_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER AS
BEGIN
RETURN (
SELECT
AVG(salary)
FROM employees
WHERE department_id = dept_id
);
END;
DECLARE
err_code NUMBER;
BEGIN
BEGIN
INSERT INTO employees (name, department_id, salary) VALUES ('John Doe', 10, 10000);
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
err_code := SQLCODE;
END;
IF err_code IS NOT NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Duplicate employee name');
END IF;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_customer_orders', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_customer_orders;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(@customer_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END; IS
orders_ref CURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders_ref;
END;
DECLARE
@cursor_handle SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SET @cursor_handle = dbo.get_customer_orders(12345);
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH cursor_handle INTO @order_id, @order_date, @total_amount;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
*** the order information
END;
CLOSE cursor_handle;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_customer_orders(customer_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR IS
orders_ref CURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN orders_ref FOR
SELECT order_id, order_date, total_amount
FROM orders
WHERE customer_id = customer_id;
RETURN orders_ref;
END;
DECLARE
cursor_handle SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
cursor_handle := get_customer_orders(12345);
LOOP
FETCH cursor_handle INTO order_id, order_date, total_amount;
EXIT WHEN cursor_handle%NOTFOUND;
-- Do something with the order information
END LOOP;
CLOSE cursor_handle;
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id, @v_salary = salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_salary > 10000 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary too high', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE employee_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
RAISERROR('-20002 Too many rows returned', 16, 1);
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20003 Duplicate value on index', 16, 1);
END;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, salary INTO v_emp_id, v_salary
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'King';
IF v_salary > 10000 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary too high');
END IF;
UPDATE employees SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE employee_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN TOO_MANY_ROWS THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'Too many rows returned');
WHEN DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20003, 'Duplicate value on index');
END;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_emp_no FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_no = emp_no, @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE emp_no = 100;
IF v_salary > 10000
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE emp_no = @v_emp_no;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Salary not increased', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_no NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_no, salary
INTO v_emp_no, v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE emp_no = 100;
IF v_salary > 10000
THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary = v_salary + 1000
WHERE emp_no = v_emp_no;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Salary not increased');
END IF;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('emp_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE emp_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_salary(@p_empno IN AS NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = CASE
WHEN sal < 2000 THEN sal * 1.10
ELSE sal
END
WHERE empno = p_empno;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_salary(p_empno IN NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET sal = CASE
WHEN sal < 2000 THEN sal * 1.10
ELSE sal
END
WHERE empno = p_empno;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
|
BEGIN
-- De... SQLINES DEMO ***
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename dbo.VARCHAR2(20);
v_mgr NUMBER;
*** mber
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_ename = ename, @v_mgr = mgr FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_empno IS NULL BEGIN
-- Em... SQLINES DEMO ***
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found.', 16, 1);
END
*** tails
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Number: ' + isnull(v_empno, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' + isnull(v_ename, ''));
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Manager Number: ' + isnull(v_mgr, ''));
*** etails
UPDATE emp SET ename = 'Scott' WHERE empno = v_empno;
-- Co... SQLINES DEMO ***
COMMIT;
*** sage
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee details updated successfully.');
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
*** for the given employee number
RAISERROR('-20002 No employee found for the given employee number.', 16, 1);
END
WHEN OTHERS THEN
*** errors
RAISE;
END;
|
BEGIN
-- Declare variables
v_empno NUMBER;
v_ename VARCHAR2(20);
v_mgr NUMBER;
-- Input employee number
SELECT empno, ename, mgr INTO v_empno, v_ename, v_mgr FROM emp WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_empno IS NULL THEN
-- Employee not found
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found.');
END IF;
-- Print employee details
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Number: ' || v_empno);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee Name: ' || v_ename);
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Manager Number: ' || v_mgr);
-- Update employee details
UPDATE emp SET ename = 'Scott' WHERE empno = v_empno;
-- Commit changes
COMMIT;
-- Print success message
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee details updated successfully.');
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
-- No employee found for the given employee number
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20002, 'No employee found for the given employee number.');
WHEN OTHERS THEN
-- Handle any other errors
RAISE;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('example_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE example_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE example_proc(@id FLOAT) AS
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT @v_name = name FROM t WHERE id = id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_name);
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Record not found');
END
END;
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT := 1;
BEGIN
dbo.example_proc(@v_id);
IF @v_id > 5 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 ID is too large', 16, 1);
END
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE example_proc(id NUMBER) IS
v_name VARCHAR2(30);
BEGIN
SELECT name INTO v_name FROM t WHERE id = id;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(v_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Record not found');
END;
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER := 1;
BEGIN
example_proc(v_id);
IF v_id > 5 THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'ID is too large');
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('An error occurred');
END;
|
sql
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_info', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_info;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_info(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN SYS_REFCURSOR
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
rc SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN rc;
END;
/
DECLARE
@emp_id FLOAT := 100;
rc SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
SET @rc = dbo.get_employee_info(@emp_id);
WHILE 1=1 BEGIN
FETCH rc INTO @emp_id, @first_name, @last_name, @salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BREAK;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(isnull(@emp_id, '') + ' ' + isnull(first_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(last_name, '') + ' ' + isnull(salary, ''));
END;
CLOSE rc;
END;
/
| sql
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_info(emp_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN SYS_REFCURSOR
AS
rc SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
OPEN rc FOR
SELECT employee_id, first_name, last_name, salary
FROM employees
WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN rc;
END;
/
DECLARE
emp_id NUMBER := 100;
rc SYS_REFCURSOR;
BEGIN
rc := get_employee_info(emp_id);
LOOP
FETCH rc INTO emp_id, first_name, last_name, salary;
EXIT WHEN rc%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(emp_id || ' ' || first_name || ' ' || last_name || ' ' || salary);
END LOOP;
CLOSE rc;
END;
/
|
IF OBJECT_ID('get_employee_salary', 'FN') IS NOT NULL
DROP FUNCTION get_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(@emp_id IN NUMBERDECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RETURN NULL;
END
END;
IF OBJECT_ID('update_employee_salary', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE update_employee_salary;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(@emp_id IN AS NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE @bonus FLOAT;
BEGIN
SET @bonus = dbo.get_employee_salary(100);
dbo.update_employee_salary(100, @bonus * 1.1);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
NULL; *** here
END;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER)
RETURN NUMBER
IS
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
RETURN salary;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RETURN NULL;
END;
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE update_employee_salary(emp_id IN NUMBER, new_salary IN NUMBER)
IS
BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = new_salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE;
END;
BEGIN
DECLARE bonus NUMBER;
BEGIN
bonus := get_employee_salary(100);
update_employee_salary(100, bonus * 1.1);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
NULL; -- Handle the error here
END;
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure(
@p_id IN AS NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE my_table SET name = p_name WHERE id = p_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
CREATE FUNCTION my_function(
@p_id IN NUMBER
DECLARE )
RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary)
FROM my_table
WHERE id = p_id;
END;
/
DECLARE
@v_id FLOAT := 100;
v_name dbo.VARCHAR2(20) := 'John Doe';
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SET @v_salary = dbo.my_function(@v_id);
dbo.my_procedure(@v_id, v_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' + ISNULL(SQLERRM, ''));
END;
|
CREATE PROCEDURE my_procedure(
p_id IN NUMBER,
p_name IN VARCHAR2
)
AS
BEGIN
UPDATE my_table SET name = p_name WHERE id = p_id;
COMMIT;
END;
/
CREATE FUNCTION my_function(
p_id IN NUMBER
)
RETURN NUMBER
AS
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(salary)
FROM my_table
WHERE id = p_id;
END;
/
DECLARE
v_id NUMBER := 100;
v_name VARCHAR2(20) := 'John Doe';
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
v_salary := my_function(v_id);
my_procedure(v_id, v_name);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Error occurred: ' || SQLERRM);
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('Employee_Create', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE Employee_Create;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE Employee_Create(
@new_eid IN AS INTEGER,
new_ename IN VARCHAR2,
new_salary IN NUMBER,
new_dno IN INTEGER,
new_dob IN DATE
)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Employees(eid, ename, salary, dno, dob)
VALUES (new_eid, new_ename, new_salary, new_dno, new_dob);
COMMIT;
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE Employee_Create(
new_eid IN INTEGER,
new_ename IN VARCHAR2,
new_salary IN NUMBER,
new_dno IN INTEGER,
new_dob IN DATE
)
IS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO Employees(eid, ename, salary, dno, dob)
VALUES (new_eid, new_ename, new_salary, new_dno, new_dob);
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empid FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empid = empid FROM emp WHERE ename = 'KING';
IF @v_empid IS NULL BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20000 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empid = @v_empid;
COMMIT;
END;
|
DECLARE
v_empid NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empid INTO v_empid FROM emp WHERE ename = 'KING';
IF v_empid IS NULL THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
UPDATE emp SET sal = sal * 1.10 WHERE empid = v_empid;
COMMIT;
END;
|
IF OBJECT_ID('my_proc', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE my_proc;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE my_proc(@p_input IN AS VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
-- Lo... SQLINES DEMO ***
v_result NUMBER;
v_err_msg dbo.VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
*** and calculate the result
SELECT @v_result = COUNT(*) FROM t WHERE col = p_input;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
set @v_err_msg = 'No data found for input: ' + isnull(p_input, '');
RAISERROR(-20000, v_err_msg, 16, 1);
END
END;
-- Ou... SQLINES DEMO ***
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result: ' + isnull(v_result, ''));
END;
|
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE my_proc(p_input IN VARCHAR2) AS
BEGIN
-- Local variables
v_result NUMBER;
v_err_msg VARCHAR2(200);
BEGIN
-- Process the input and calculate the result
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO v_result FROM t WHERE col = p_input;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
v_err_msg := 'No data found for input: ' || p_input;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, v_err_msg);
END;
-- Output the result
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Result: ' || v_result);
END;
|
*** with Input and Output Parameters
IF OBJECT_ID('emp_update', 'P') IS NOT NULL
DROP PROCEDURE emp_update;
GO
CREATE PROCEDURE emp_update(
@emp_id IN AS NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
out_status OUT VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
*** ee's salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
*** atus
set @out_status = 'SUCCESS';
END;
|
-- Stored Procedure with Input and Output Parameters
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE emp_update(
emp_id IN NUMBER,
salary IN NUMBER,
out_status OUT VARCHAR2
) AS
BEGIN
-- Update the employee's salary
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary WHERE employee_id = emp_id;
-- Set the output status
out_status := 'SUCCESS';
END;
|
BEGIN
DECLARE
@id INT;
@name VARCHAR(255);
BEGIN TRY
*** oyee into the database.
INSERT INTO Employees (Name)
VALUES ('John Doe');
*** rted employee ID.
SET @id = dbo.LAST_INSERT_ID();
*** he employee by ID.
SELECT @name = Name
FROM Employees
WHERE ID = @id;
*** ee's name.
PRINT @name;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
*** that occur during the execution of the try block.
PRINT dbo.ERROR_MESSAGE();
END CATCH;
END; | BEGIN
DECLARE
@id INT;
@name VARCHAR(255);
BEGIN TRY
-- Insert a new employee into the database.
INSERT INTO Employees (Name)
VALUES ('John Doe');
-- Get the last inserted employee ID.
SET @id = LAST_INSERT_ID();
-- Get the name of the employee by ID.
SELECT Name
INTO @name
FROM Employees
WHERE ID = @id;
-- Output the employee's name.
PRINT @name;
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
-- Handle any errors that occur during the execution of the try block.
PRINT ERROR_MESSAGE();
END CATCH;
END; |
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF @v_emp_id IS NOT NULL BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = @v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
END
ELSE BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found', 16, 1);
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT emp_id INTO v_emp_id FROM employees WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF v_emp_id IS NOT NULL THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = v_emp_id;
COMMIT;
ELSE
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found');
END IF;
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_emp_id FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_emp_id = employee_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF @v_emp_id IS NULL BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee with last name ''Smith'' found.');
END
ELSE BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' + isnull(@v_emp_id, ''));
END
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found.');
END
END;
|
DECLARE
v_emp_id NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT employee_id
INTO v_emp_id
FROM employees
WHERE last_name = 'Smith';
IF v_emp_id IS NULL THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No employee with last name ''Smith'' found.');
ELSE
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Employee ID: ' || v_emp_id);
END IF;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No data found.');
END;
|
DECLARE
@v_empno FLOAT;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @v_empno = empno, @v_salary = salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_salary < 15000 BEGIN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.1
WHERE empno = @v_empno;
END
COMMIT;
IF @@FETCH_STATUS <> 0 BEGIN
RAISERROR('-20001 Employee not found with empno ' + isnull(@v_empno, ''), 16, 1);
END
END;
/
|
DECLARE
v_empno NUMBER;
v_salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT empno, salary
INTO v_empno, v_salary
FROM emp
WHERE empno = 7839;
IF v_salary < 15000 THEN
UPDATE emp SET salary = salary * 1.1
WHERE empno = v_empno;
END IF;
COMMIT;
EXCEPTION
WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20001, 'Employee not found with empno ' || v_empno);
END;
/
|
DECLARE
@salary FLOAT;
BEGIN
SELECT @salary = @salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
IF @salary > 5000 BEGIN
UPDATE employees SET salary = @salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = 1;
END
INSERT INTO history (emp_id, salary, date)
VALUES (1, @salary, GETDATE());
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISERROR('-20000 Error occurred in salary update process', 16, 1);
END; | DECLARE
salary NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT salary INTO salary FROM employees WHERE emp_id = 1;
IF salary > 5000 THEN
UPDATE employees SET salary = salary * 1.1 WHERE emp_id = 1;
END IF;
INSERT INTO history (emp_id, salary, date)
VALUES (1, salary, SYSDATE);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
ROLLBACK;
RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20000, 'Error occurred in salary update process');
END; |
CREATE TABLE orders (order_id FLOAT, product_id FLOAT, quantity FLOAT);
CREATE PROCEDURE place_order (@order_id IN AS NUMBER, product_id IN NUMBER, quantity IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO orders (order_id, product_id, quantity)
VALUES (order_id, product_id, quantity);
COMMIT;
END;
/
CREATE FUNCTION get_order_total (@order_id IN NUMBERDECLARE ) RETURN
BEGIN NUMBER
RETURN NULL;
END;
AS
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @total = SUM(quantity) FROM orders WHERE order_id = order_id;
RETURN total;
END;
/
BEGIN
DECLARE
@order_id FLOAT;
product_id NUMBER;
quantity NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT @order_id = MAX(@order_id) + 1 FROM orders;
SET @product_id = 1;
SET @quantity = 2;
dbo.place_order(@order_id, product_id, quantity);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
END;
/
|
CREATE TABLE orders (order_id NUMBER, product_id NUMBER, quantity NUMBER);
CREATE PROCEDURE place_order (order_id IN NUMBER, product_id IN NUMBER, quantity IN NUMBER)
AS
BEGIN
INSERT INTO orders (order_id, product_id, quantity)
VALUES (order_id, product_id, quantity);
COMMIT;
END;
/
CREATE FUNCTION get_order_total (order_id IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER
AS
total NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT SUM(quantity) INTO total FROM orders WHERE order_id = order_id;
RETURN total;
END;
/
BEGIN
DECLARE
order_id NUMBER;
product_id NUMBER;
quantity NUMBER;
BEGIN
SELECT MAX(order_id) + 1 INTO order_id FROM orders;
product_id := 1;
quantity := 2;
place_order(order_id, product_id, quantity);
EXCEPTION
WHEN OTHERS THEN
RAISE;
END;
END;
/
|