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instruction stringlengths 4 924	prompt stringlengths 144 1.4k	input stringlengths 0 1.16k	output stringlengths 1 10.7k
Given a reference text about Joseph Charlton, what college football team did he play for?	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Given a reference text about Joseph Charlton, what college football team did he play for? ### Input: Joseph Charlton (born April 7, 1997) is an American football punter who is a free agent. He played college football at South Carolina. College career Charlton was a member of the South Carolina Gamecocks for five seasons, redshirting as a true freshman. He was named South Carolina's starting punter going into his redshirt sophomore year. As a redshirt junior, Charlton set a new school record by averaging 44.8 yards per punt and was named second-team All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) by the league's coaches.[1] He broke his own record in his senior season by averaging 47.7 yards per punt and was named second-team All-SEC and was an honorable mention All-American by Pro Football Focus.[2] Charlton finished his collegiate career averaging 45.5 yards per punt, a school record.[3] ### Response:	Joseph Charlton (born April 7, 1997) is an American football punter who is a free agent. He played college football at South Carolina. College career Charlton was a member of the South Carolina Gamecocks for five seasons, redshirting as a true freshman. He was named South Carolina's starting punter going into his redshirt sophomore year. As a redshirt junior, Charlton set a new school record by averaging 44.8 yards per punt and was named second-team All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) by the league's coaches.[1] He broke his own record in his senior season by averaging 47.7 yards per punt and was named second-team All-SEC and was an honorable mention All-American by Pro Football Focus.[2] Charlton finished his collegiate career averaging 45.5 yards per punt, a school record.[3]	Joseph Charlton played for the South Carolina Gamecocks.
Does Arizona use Daylight Savings?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Does Arizona use Daylight Savings? ### Response:		No, Arizona does not use Daylight Savings?
Why should you live in Florida?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why should you live in Florida? ### Response:		Florida is a great place to live if you like the sun, warm days, spending time at the beach and enjoying a relaxing lifestyle. There are many things to do in Florida such as visiting Disney World, Universal Studios, The Kennedy Space Center or the many aquariums through the state. There are several amazing beaches throughout the state but one of my favorites is Siesta Key because of it's powder white sand that doesn't get hot. You do have to keep an eye out for Sting Rays but beyond that the gulf is great to swim in. There are things to do all day on Siesta key from the beach to the village with multiple restaurants and shops. The only requirement is to relax and enjoy the time you have in a laid back tropical atmosphere.
What famous character did William B. Davis portray?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What famous character did William B. Davis portray? ### Response:		William B. Davis, a Canadian actor, portrayed the Cigarette Smoking Man on the popular sci-fi show, "The X-Files." The Cigarette Smoking Man, also known as CSM and C.G.B. Spender, was an antagonist responsible for many global conspiracies surrounding the existence of extraterrestrial life. He is also the biological father of Special Agent Fox Mulder, Special Agent Jeffrey Spender, and Jackson Van De Kamp (also known as William Scully III).
Write a leave letter to your teacher.	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Write a leave letter to your teacher. ### Response:		To, The Teacher Sir/Madam, This is to inform you that I will be going out of station for 3 days from <date> to <date>, to attend my sister's wedding celebrations. I request you to kindly consider this and grant me leave. Yours faithfully, XYZ
Name ten Shakespeare plays	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Name ten Shakespeare plays ### Response:		Romeo and Juliet, The Tempest, Midsummer Night's Dream, Hamlet, Julius Caesar, As You Like It, Macbeth, Twelfth Night, Othello, King Lear
How many countries in Europe do have the Euro as monetary currency?	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How many countries in Europe do have the Euro as monetary currency? ### Input: The euro area,[8] commonly called eurozone (EZ), is a currency union of 20 member states of the European Union (EU) that have adopted the euro (€) as their primary currency and sole legal tender, and have thus fully implemented EMU policies. ### Response:	The euro area,[8] commonly called eurozone (EZ), is a currency union of 20 member states of the European Union (EU) that have adopted the euro (€) as their primary currency and sole legal tender, and have thus fully implemented EMU policies.	20
How to become a millionaire?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How to become a millionaire? ### Response:		If you want to become a millionaire you first need to make up a consistent, long-term financial plan. Ask yourself questions like what does it mean rich for you? Any particular net worth you would like to hit? Once you have the big-picture established, break it down into smaller short-term goals that are easier to achieve. Start investing earlier and identify high-margin businesses to focus on. Constantly increase your income by balancing your investments and savings.
write some critical points on University of Sfax using below text as a reference	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: write some critical points on University of Sfax using below text as a reference ### Input: The University of Sfax (Arabic: جامعة صفاقس French: Université de Sfax) is a university located in Sfax, Tunisia. It was founded in 1986 under the name University of the South with the purpose of covering all academic institutions in Southern Tunisia. It is divided into three universities, including the current University of Sfax, with the creation of the University of Gabes in 2003 and the University of Gafsa in 2004. ### Response:	The University of Sfax (Arabic: جامعة صفاقس French: Université de Sfax) is a university located in Sfax, Tunisia. It was founded in 1986 under the name University of the South with the purpose of covering all academic institutions in Southern Tunisia. It is divided into three universities, including the current University of Sfax, with the creation of the University of Gabes in 2003 and the University of Gafsa in 2004.	1. Sfax is home to the University of Sfax. 2. To include all academic institutions in Southern Tunisia, the University of the South was founded in 1986. 3. It is divided into three institutions, including the existing University of Sfax, with the formation of the University of Gabes in 2003 and the University of Gafsa in 2004.
What are some great comets named after people?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are some great comets named after people? ### Response:		Great comets named after people: - Aristotle's Comet - Caesar's Comet - Donati's Comet - Halley's Comet - Comet Skjellerup–Maristany - Comet Arend–Roland - Comet Mrkos - Comet Ikeya–Seki - Comet Bennett - Comet Kohoutek - Comet West - Comet Hyakutake - Comet Hale–Bopp - Comet McNaught - Comet Lovejoy
What is a sleeping bag?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a sleeping bag? ### Response:		A sleeping bag is a warm blanket that can be zipped up to enclose the sleeper. Sleeping bags are typically filled with either down or synthetic material (down is lighter but stays wet longer) and is often used for staying at night while camping.
From the following list of movies, please tell me which ones are comedies, dramas, horror, or action: When Harry Met Sally, The Exorcist, The Godfather, Mission Impossible	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: From the following list of movies, please tell me which ones are comedies, dramas, horror, or action: When Harry Met Sally, The Exorcist, The Godfather, Mission Impossible ### Response:		- When Harry Met Sally: Comedy - The Exorcist: Horror - The Godfather: Drama - Mission Impossible: Action
Who is David Dicks?	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who is David Dicks? ### Input: David Griffiths Dicks, OAM, CitWA, (born 6 October 1978) is an Australian sailor. ### Response:	David Griffiths Dicks, OAM, CitWA, (born 6 October 1978) is an Australian sailor.	David Griffiths Dicks, OAM, CitWA, (born 6 October 1978) is an Australian sailor. He became the youngest person to sail non-stop and solo around the world. In February 1996, at the age of 17, he set out from Fremantle, Western Australia in his family's 10m S&S 34 sloop named 'Seaflight'. During his 9-month circumnavigation, he faced many challenges such as numerous knockdowns, bad weather, equipment failure, and food poisoning. Because of accepting a bolt to fix his rig near the Falkland Islands, his circumnavigation was not considered unassisted. He returned safely to Fremantle in November 1996 amid great fanfare, including a ticker-tape parade and being given the 'keys' to Perth City.
What is the difference between a violin and a viola?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the difference between a violin and a viola? ### Response:		The viola is a string instrument that is bowed, plucked, or played with varying techniques. It is slightly larger than a violin and it has a lower and deeper sound.
Who would win between a boxer and an MMA fighter?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Who would win between a boxer and an MMA fighter? ### Response:		In a fight with virtually no rules, or with rules that are followed in MMA. The MMA fighter will clearly have the advantage over the boxer, because MMA fighters have a wide variety of skills, for instance they can use both their hands and legs. However, under boxing rules, the same principle will apply, a boxer would definitely have the upper hand in this setting. A good example is the Floyd Mayweather vs Conor McGregor fight, which was under boxing rules and saw mayweather emerge as the winner.
Why you need to save Money	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Why you need to save Money ### Response:		Because you need it for emergency . You do not know you can not earn money always.
What is a stock index?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a stock index? ### Response:		A stock index or stock market index is a method of measuring the value of a section of the stock market. It is computed from the prices of selected stocks (typically a weighted average). It is a tool used by investors and financial managers to describe the market, and to compare the return on specific investments. For example, S&P 500 is based on the market capitalizations of 500 large companies having common stock listed on the NYSE or NASDAQ.
list 7 favourite flavours	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: list 7 favourite flavours ### Response:		Vanilla Chocolate Orange Strawberry pineapple Mango chocochip
Tell me whether each airline is American or European: British Airways, United Airlines, Southwest Airlines, Jet Blue, Easy Jet, Ryan Air	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Tell me whether each airline is American or European: British Airways, United Airlines, Southwest Airlines, Jet Blue, Easy Jet, Ryan Air ### Response:		British Airways: European United Airlines: American Southwest Airlines: American Jet Blue: American Easy Jet: European Ryan Air: European
Describe a plan for a road trip from Las Vegas to West Grand Canyon, including stops for visiting Hoover Dam and lunch. Your plan should include a budget, a timeline, and a description of the sights, for a group of 7 friends.	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Describe a plan for a road trip from Las Vegas to West Grand Canyon, including stops for visiting Hoover Dam and lunch. Your plan should include a budget, a timeline, and a description of the sights, for a group of 7 friends. ### Response:		That's a great road trip! A group of 7 people can fit perfectly on a 7 seat car that you can rent in one of the many providers in Las Vegas. Start your day early in the morning to get the car and pick up your friends. From there your first destination is going to be the Hoover Dam, around 40 minutes by car from Las Vegas. Take your time to take pictures from the bridge and then go the dam, you can visit inside, the self-guided ticket is $10. You will be there for a couple of hours. After these you need to go south east and take a turn to Dolan Springs, this will be an hour driving, so by that time you are around lunch time, which will cost you approximately $15. From Dolan Sprints it's a straight 50 minutes ride to the West Grand Canyon. In the road you will find midway the Arizona's Joshua Tree Forest. Take the time to appreciate it, as well as the desert along the way. When you arrive at the West Grand Canyon, you can buy the $70 general admission ticket + Skywalk. This gives you unlimited access for the day to Eagle Point, Guano Point, Hualapai Ranch and the Skywalk experience. You can walk the sky on the 10-foot wide, horseshoe-shaped glass bridge that extends 70 feet over the rim of the Grand Canyon. When leaving the West Grand Canyon the trip back to Las Vegas takes 2h. You will need to refill the tank, before returning the vehicle to the car renting company. The renting for the day and the gas will cost around $35 per person. Depending on your pace, this is a morning and afternoon road trip. With an estimated cost of $130 per person.
Extract the number of men and women living in the municipality of Paradela and list them using bullets in the format {men} - {number} and {woman} - {number) in a comma separated format.	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Extract the number of men and women living in the municipality of Paradela and list them using bullets in the format {men} - {number} and {woman} - {number) in a comma separated format. ### Input: Paradela is a municipality in Lugo province in Galicia in north-west Spain. It is situated in the region of Sarria. There were 2,193 people living in Paradela as of 2008 (1,101 men and 1,092 women). It is known for the connection it has with the Way of St. James. The French route of such a way, ending in Santiago de Compostela, passes through five parishes of Paradela: Ferreiros, Francos, Laxe, Cortes and Loio. ### Response:	Paradela is a municipality in Lugo province in Galicia in north-west Spain. It is situated in the region of Sarria. There were 2,193 people living in Paradela as of 2008 (1,101 men and 1,092 women). It is known for the connection it has with the Way of St. James. The French route of such a way, ending in Santiago de Compostela, passes through five parishes of Paradela: Ferreiros, Francos, Laxe, Cortes and Loio.	{men} - {1,101}, {woman} - {1,092}
What are the co-founders of Tesla Motors?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the co-founders of Tesla Motors? ### Response:		Eberhard, Tarpenning, Wright, Elon Musk, and J.B. Straubel
What is the difference between a refractor telescope and a reflector telescope?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the difference between a refractor telescope and a reflector telescope? ### Response:		A refractor telescope uses lenses to focus the light into an image where a reflector telescope uses mirrors. Reflector telescopes are generally better for visual viewing of brighter celestial objects like the moon or planets and can collect more light due to their larger apertures. Refractor telescopes provide better contrast and image quality but collect less light which makes them more suitable for astrophotography where exposure time can be adjusted to compensate.
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Celesta, Masenqo	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Celesta, Masenqo ### Response:		Masenqo is string, Celesta is percussion.
What should I do if I disagree with a friend, co-worker or family member on something I feel passionate about, such as politics?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What should I do if I disagree with a friend, co-worker or family member on something I feel passionate about, such as politics? ### Response:		Seeing things differently from someone you interact with regularly or even care about can be a hard thing to experience. It can also a wonderful thing. Each person on this planet is different and their beliefs are based on their culture, upbringing, personal experiences, education, surroundings, etc. Recognizing this and truly listening to the other persons perspective is important. In many cases, when a difference of opinion escalates, it is because one or both people involved did not listen or respect the other. If you are being close-minded, then you could be missing out on learning something new. If both parties still disagree and it is not something completely against your beliefs, culture, or ethics, that is OK too. Agree to disagree and move on. Life is too short to be angry at people you care about just because you do not see eye to eye.
What is the Indianapolis 500?	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is the Indianapolis 500? ### Input: The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race,[1][2] and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indianapolis. The event is traditionally held over Memorial Day weekend, usually the last weekend of May. It is contested as part of the IndyCar Series, the top level of American open-wheel car racing, a formula colloquially known as "Indy car racing". The track itself is nicknamed the "Brickyard", as the racing surface was paved in brick in the fall of 1909. One yard of brick remains exposed at the start/finish line. The event, billed as The Greatest Spectacle in Racing,[3] is considered part of the Triple Crown of Motorsport along with the 24 Hours of Le Mans and the Monaco Grand Prix, with which it typically shares a date.[4] ### Response:	The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race,[1][2] and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indianapolis. The event is traditionally held over Memorial Day weekend, usually the last weekend of May. It is contested as part of the IndyCar Series, the top level of American open-wheel car racing, a formula colloquially known as "Indy car racing". The track itself is nicknamed the "Brickyard", as the racing surface was paved in brick in the fall of 1909. One yard of brick remains exposed at the start/finish line. The event, billed as The Greatest Spectacle in Racing,[3] is considered part of the Triple Crown of Motorsport along with the 24 Hours of Le Mans and the Monaco Grand Prix, with which it typically shares a date.[4]	The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race,[1][2] and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indianapolis. The event is traditionally held over Memorial Day weekend, usually the last weekend of May. It is contested as part of the IndyCar Series, the top level of American open-wheel car racing, a formula colloquially known as "Indy car racing". The track itself is nicknamed the "Brickyard", as the racing surface was paved in brick in the fall of 1909. One yard of brick remains exposed at the start/finish line. The event, billed as The Greatest Spectacle in Racing,[3] is considered part of the Triple Crown of Motorsport along with the 24 Hours of Le Mans and the Monaco Grand Prix, with which it typically shares a date.[4] The inaugural race was held in 1911 and was won by Ray Harroun. The event celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2011, and the 100th running was held in 2016. The event was put on hiatus twice, from 1917 to 1918 due to World War I and from 1942 to 1945 due to World War II. In two different periods, the race was part of FIA World Championships; between 1925 and 1928, the World Manufacturers' Championship and between 1950 and 1960, the World Drivers' Championship. Marcus Ericsson is the current champion. The most successful drivers are A. J. Foyt, Al Unser Sr., Rick Mears and Hélio Castroneves, each of whom has won the race four times. The active driver with the most victories is Hélio Castroneves. Rick Mears holds the record for most career pole positions with six. The most successful car owner is Roger Penske, owner of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and Team Penske, which has 18 total wins and 18 poles. Penske also has five wins at the IndyCar Grand Prix, held on the combined road course. The event is steeped in tradition, in pre-race ceremonies, post-race celebrations, and race procedure. The most noteworthy and most popular traditions are the 33-car field lining up three-wide for the start, the annual singing of the chorus of "Back Home Again in Indiana," and the victory lane bottle of milk. Also unique is that qualifying requires the driver to complete four, rather than one, timed laps. Qualifying has a separate weekend. The official attendance is not disclosed by Speedway management, but the permanent seating capacity is upwards of 250,000, and infield patrons raise the race-day attendance to approximately 300,000.[5]
How to lose weight?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: How to lose weight? ### Response:		The general answer is eat less and exercise more. This really is a psychology question, not a knowledge question. To lose weight, one needs to create a build a mental model that they can follow. For example, one pound of fat has 3500 calories, one needs to reduce the diet by that much to lose a pound of weight. Another important factor is to get strong support from family and friends. The encourage from close people makes the process easier and more natural. Controlling weight is one of the psychological challenge that many people face at some point. Create a plan to minimize the psychological challenge and follow the plan mentally.
Give me a list of 1980s computer games.	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Give me a list of 1980s computer games. ### Response:		Here is a list of some computer games from the 1980s: Galaga, Donkey Kong, Pac-Man, Frogger, Tetris and SimCity.
What are the names of five of the best Pokemon cards and why?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What are the names of five of the best Pokemon cards and why? ### Response:		1) Tera Arcanine EX (it's very powerful) 2) Tera Gyarados EX (it's also very powerful) 3) Snorlax VMAX (has a lot of health points) 4) Illustrators Pikachu (it's worth a lot of money) 5) First edition Shaddowless Holo Charizard (because it's a very rare card)
What was Selective Service Act?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What was Selective Service Act? ### Response:		The Selective Service Act was passed in 1917 (May). It enabled the country to enlist more men to the military
Is the sun hot?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Is the sun hot? ### Response:		Yes the sun is hot, however the surface of the sun is approximately 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit, or as the rest of the world would recognise, 5,500 degrees Celsius. At the core however, temperatures are much hotter, 27 million degrees Fahrenheit (15 million degrees Celsius) which is necessary to maintain the fusion reaction which provides the warmth we feel. Once all the hydrogen is convert to helium with fusion, the sun will no longer exert external pressure and will likely become a neutron star.
Classify each of the following as either a Carnivore or a Herbivore: Cow, Shark, Zebra, Lion, Wolf, Elephant, Tiger, Deer, Leopard, Cheetah	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Classify each of the following as either a Carnivore or a Herbivore: Cow, Shark, Zebra, Lion, Wolf, Elephant, Tiger, Deer, Leopard, Cheetah ### Response:		Herbivore:Cow,Zebra,Elephant,Deer Carnivores:Lion,Wolf,Leopard,Cheetah,Tiger,Shark
Which of the following numbers is a irrational number: -200, -1.5, -1, 0, 1, 1.5, 200, pi, e, sqrt(-1)?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Which of the following numbers is a irrational number: -200, -1.5, -1, 0, 1, 1.5, 200, pi, e, sqrt(-1)? ### Response:		Square root of -1 is an irrational number
Given the reference paragraph, when was the CUBC formed?	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Given the reference paragraph, when was the CUBC formed? ### Input: The Cambridge University Boat Club (CUBC) is the rowing club of the University of Cambridge, England. The club was founded in 1828 and has been located at the Goldie Boathouse on the River Cam, Cambridge since 1882.[1] Nowadays, training primarily takes place on the River Great Ouse at Ely. ### Response:	The Cambridge University Boat Club (CUBC) is the rowing club of the University of Cambridge, England. The club was founded in 1828 and has been located at the Goldie Boathouse on the River Cam, Cambridge since 1882.[1] Nowadays, training primarily takes place on the River Great Ouse at Ely.	The Cambridge University Boat Club (CUBC) was founded in 1828
Where are good locations to scuba dive?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Where are good locations to scuba dive? ### Response:		Belize, Hondurus, US Virgin Islands, British Virgin Islands, Antartica, Cozumel, Hawaii, Galapagos Islands, Philippines
What is a fishing vessel?	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a fishing vessel? ### Input: A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river. Many different kinds of vessels are used in commercial, artisanal, and recreational fishing. According to the FAO, in 2004 there were four million commercial fishing vessels.[30] About 1.3 million of these are decked vessels with enclosed areas. Nearly all of these decked vessels are mechanised, and 40,000 of them are over 100 tons. At the other extreme, two-thirds (1.8 million) of the undecked boats are traditional craft of various types, powered only by sail and oars.[30] These boats are used by artisan fishers. ### Response:	A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river. Many different kinds of vessels are used in commercial, artisanal, and recreational fishing. According to the FAO, in 2004 there were four million commercial fishing vessels.[30] About 1.3 million of these are decked vessels with enclosed areas. Nearly all of these decked vessels are mechanised, and 40,000 of them are over 100 tons. At the other extreme, two-thirds (1.8 million) of the undecked boats are traditional craft of various types, powered only by sail and oars.[30] These boats are used by artisan fishers.	A fishing vessel is a boat or ship that is used for recreational or commercial activities such as fishing, inner-tubing, transportation or just for fun.
In what way did Étienne Halphen interests lead to him discovering the harmonic distribution?	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: In what way did Étienne Halphen interests lead to him discovering the harmonic distribution? ### Input: In probability theory and statistics, the harmonic distribution is a continuous probability distribution. It was discovered by Étienne Halphen, who had become interested in the statistical modeling of natural events. His practical experience in data analysis motivated him to pioneer a new system of distributions that provided sufficient flexibility to fit a large variety of data sets. Halphen restricted his search to distributions whose parameters could be estimated using simple statistical approaches. ### Response:	In probability theory and statistics, the harmonic distribution is a continuous probability distribution. It was discovered by Étienne Halphen, who had become interested in the statistical modeling of natural events. His practical experience in data analysis motivated him to pioneer a new system of distributions that provided sufficient flexibility to fit a large variety of data sets. Halphen restricted his search to distributions whose parameters could be estimated using simple statistical approaches.	He had become interested in the statistical modeling of natural events. This motivated him to find a system that provided sufficient flexibility to fit a large variety of data sets.
Given a reference text about the Kumanichi Road Race, tell me when the race was first held and who holds the course records.	Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: Given a reference text about the Kumanichi Road Race, tell me when the race was first held and who holds the course records. ### Input: The Kumanichi Road Race (Japanese: 熊本30K) is an annual road running competition over 30 kilometres which is typically held in February in Kumamoto, Japan. It was first held in 1957 as a men-only competition. A women's race was introduced in 2006. The race is one of the world's most prominent over the uncommon 30K distance. A total of eight Association of Road Racing Statisticians-recognised men's world records have been set at the competition, including the current world record.[1][2] The course records are held by Takayuki Matsumiya (1:28:00) and Yuka Hakoyama (1:43:26). It is mostly contested by Japanese athletes, with Kenya's Willy Kangogo becoming the event's sole non-national winner in 2007.[3] ### Response:	The Kumanichi Road Race (Japanese: 熊本30K) is an annual road running competition over 30 kilometres which is typically held in February in Kumamoto, Japan. It was first held in 1957 as a men-only competition. A women's race was introduced in 2006. The race is one of the world's most prominent over the uncommon 30K distance. A total of eight Association of Road Racing Statisticians-recognised men's world records have been set at the competition, including the current world record.[1][2] The course records are held by Takayuki Matsumiya (1:28:00) and Yuka Hakoyama (1:43:26). It is mostly contested by Japanese athletes, with Kenya's Willy Kangogo becoming the event's sole non-national winner in 2007.[3]	The Kumanichi Road Race was first held in 1957. Takayuki Matsumiya and Yuka Hakoyama hold the course records.
What is a derivative in finance?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What is a derivative in finance? ### Response:		In finance, a derivative is a contract that derives its value from the performance of an underlying entity. This underlying entity can be an asset, index, or interest rate, and is often simply called the "underlying". Derivatives can be used for a number of purposes, including insuring against price movements (hedging), increasing exposure to price movements for speculation, or getting access to otherwise hard-to-trade assets or markets. Some of the more common derivatives include forwards, futures, options, swaps, and variations of these such as synthetic collateralized debt obligations and credit default swaps. Most derivatives are traded over-the-counter (off-exchange) or on an exchange such as the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, while most insurance contracts have developed into a separate industry. In the United States, after the financial crisis of 2007–2009, there has been increased pressure to move derivatives to trade on exchanges. Derivatives are one of the three main categories of financial instruments, the other two being equity (i.e., stocks or shares) and debt (i.e., bonds and mortgages).
What would happen if I ran barefoot? Is it good for me?	Below is an instruction that describes a task. Write a response that appropriately completes the request. ### Instruction: What would happen if I ran barefoot? Is it good for me? ### Response:		Running barefoot tends to shift the striking point of the foot to the balls of the feet, rather than the heels as people commonly do while wearing shoes. Some evidence shows that this front foot-first pattern can reduce the risk of many running-related injuries. However, running barefoot is also more painful, especially on rough terrain or in the cold. Therefore, most people opt to run while wearing shoes.