Datasets:

RickBrannan

/

categorize_bib_lang_grammar

like 0

{ "label": 1, "text": "But in the Hiphil stem, the verb בּוֹא means \"to bring\" (causative action, active voice)." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Thus, in the Hophal stem, the verb בּוֹא means \"to be brought\" (causative action, passive voice)." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Some verbs use the Hophal stem to express simple passive action." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A good example is the verb יָצַק." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the Qal stem, the verb יָצַק expresses the simple action \"to pour\" or \"to pour out\"." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the Hiphil stem, the verb יָצַק expresses the same simple action \"to pour\"." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the Hophal stem, the verb יָצַק expresses the simple passive \"to be poured\" (that is, the passive of both the Qal stem and the Hiphil stem)." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "For some verbs, the Hophal and/or Pual forms can both function as a passive of the Qal stem." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "In all these cases, a dictionary or lexicon will indicate the correct meaning." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Sometimes the Hophal form is used with specific verbs or in specific contexts to express a specialized meaning for the verbal action." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A dictionary or lexicon will indicate the correct meaning." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Hothpaal is an extremely rare stem formation that is derived from the Hithpael." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It generally expresses action in passive voice." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Hothpaal stem is a variation of the Piel and generally expresses verbal action in passive voice." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Hothpaal stem is formed from the Hithpael stem by vowel changes and is an extremely rare stem formation in Biblical Hebrew." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Many of the occurrences of the Hothpaal stem in the Hebrew Bible are from the root verb פָּקַד (\"to visit, number, or appoint\")." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Niphal stem generally expresses passive or reflexive voice, but it can also express other kinds of action depending on the context and the specific verb." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Niphal form is a verbal stem formation in Biblical Hebrew, usually indicated by a נִ prefix before the 1st radical of the verb." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Niphal stem is extremely flexible in its use in Biblical Hebrew." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Generally speaking, the Niphal stem expresses either passive or reflexive voice; but it can also express middle voice, reciprocal voice, simple action, or even stative action, depending on the context and the specific verb." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Some verbs express passive voice in the Niphal stem; some verbs express reflexive voice in the Niphal stem; for some verbs, the Niphal stem might express either passive voice or reflexive voice, depending on the context; and so on." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Passive voice means that the subject of the verb is receiving the action rather than performing the action." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In Biblical Hebrew, the passive nature of the verbal action is expressed by the Niphal form of the verb itself without any helping verbs." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Reflexive voice means that the subject of the verb is both performing and receiving the action." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In English, reflexive voice is expressed using a reflexive pronoun as the object of the verb, \"I tell myself\"." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In Biblical Hebrew, the reflexive nature of the verbal action is expressed by the Niphal form of the verb itself without any additional words." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Middle voice means that the subject receives the action but also is (partially) involved in performing the action." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "This kind of action stands somewhere between passive voice and reflexive voice." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Reciprocal voice means that multiple subjects are in view who are both performing the action for another and receiving the action from another." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In Biblical Hebrew, the reciprocal nature of the action is expressed by the Niphal form of the verb itself without any additional words." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Reciprocal voice must be distinguished from reflexive voice." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The phrase \"They tell each other\" is reciprocal: each member of the group is telling something to another member of the group, and each member of the group is being told something by another member of the group." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In Biblical Hebrew, some verbs express different meanings in different stem formations." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A good example is the Hebrew verb רָאָה." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the Qal stem, the verb רָאָה expresses the simple action \"to seֶe\"." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "But in the Niphal stem, the verb רָאָה expresses the simple action \"to appear\"." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A dictionary or lexicon will indicate the different meanings for these verbs in the various stem formations." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In Biblical Hebrew, some verbs express stative action in the Niphal stem rather than the Qal stem." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "This is a very rare use of the Niphal stem." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Stative action is expressed most often using the Qal stem in Biblical Hebrew." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Nithpael is an extremely rare stem formation that is derived from both the Hithpael and Niphal." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It expresses the reflexive voice of the Piel stem." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Nithpael stem is a variation of the Hithpael and expresses the reflexive voice of the verbal action of the Piel stem." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Nithpael stem is formed from the Hithpael stem by inserting the נ from the Niphal stem into the Hithpael prefix (נִתְ)." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It is an extremely rare stem formation in Biblical Hebrew." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Palel is a rare stem formation that is similar to the Piel and expresses the same range of meanings." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Palel stem is a variation of the Piel and has potential to express the same range of verbal action." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It is the same stem formation as the Pilel, only with a variant vowel pattern." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Palel stem is formed from the Piel stem by repeating the 3rd radical (with different vowels), thus making a verb that appears to have 4 consonants." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It is an extremely rare stem formation in Biblical Hebrew." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Many of the occurrences of the Palel stem in the Hebrew Bible are from the root verb שָׁאַן (\"to be at ease\")." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Pealal is a rare stem formation that is similar to the Piel and expresses the same range of meanings." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Pealal stem is a variation of the Piel and has potential to express the same range of verbal action." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Pealal stem is formed from the Piel stem by simply repeating both the 2nd and 3rd radicals, thus making a verb that appears to have 5 consonants." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It is an extremely rare stem formation in Biblical Hebrew." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the following example, the root is סחר, and the 2nd and 3rd radicals repeat." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Piel stem is the most flexible stem formation in Biblical Hebrew and can express simple, intensive, resultative, causative, or other kinds of verbal action depending on the context and the specific verb." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Piel form is a verbal stem formation in Biblical Hebrew, usually indicated by a daghesh in the 2nd radical of the verb." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Piel stem is the most flexible in its use of all the various stem formations; it can express simple action, intensive action, resultative action, causative action, or other kinds of action (all in active voice) depending on the context and the specific verb." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Some verbs express simple action in the Piel stem; some verbs express intensive action in the Piel stem; for some verbs, the Piel stem might express either simple action or intensive action, depending on the context; and so on." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In Biblical Hebrew, some verbs can express different meanings in different stem formations." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A good example is the Hebrew verb נָחַם." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the Niphal stem, the verb נָחַם usually expresses either stative action (\"to be sorry\") or passive action (\"to be comforted\")." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "But in the Piel stem, the verb נָחַם expresses the simple action \"to comfort\"." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A dictionary or lexicon will indicate the different meanings for these verbs in the various stem formations." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "On the other hand, some verbs express the same meaning in multiple stem formations." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A good example is the verb אָסַף, which expresses the simple action \"to gather\" in both the Qal and the Piel stem." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "This also will be indicated by a dictionary or lexicon." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Resultative action means that the primary focus of the verb is on the result of the verbal action." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A good example is the verb שָׁלַח." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the Qal stem, the verb שָׁלַח means \"to send\" or \"to stretch out\"." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "But in the Piel stem, the verb שָׁלַח means \"to send away\"." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Causative action means that the subject of the verb is causing the object of the verb either to perform the verbal action (for dynamic verbs) or to be in the state described by the verb (for stative verbs)." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Piel stem often serves this causative function with stative verbs." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A good example is the verb מָלֵא." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the Qal stem, the verb מָלֵא expresses the stative action \"to be full\"." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "But in the Piel stem, the verb מָלֵא expresses the causative action \"to fill\" (meaning, to cause something to be full)." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In English, causative action is expressed using the main verb \"to cause\" paired with the infinitive of the verbal action in view." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In Biblical Hebrew, the causative nature of the verbal action is expressed by the Piel form of the verb itself with no additional verbal element." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Thus, a verb that is transitive in the Piel stem may be intransitive in the Qal and/or Niphal stems." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Intensive action means that the verbal action is strengthened in some way." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A good example is the Hebrew verb שָׁבַר." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "In the Qal stem, the verb שָׁבַר means \"to break\"." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "But in the Piel stem, the verb שָׁבַר means \"to shatter\" or \"to break in pieces\"." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A dictionary or lexicon will indicate an intensive nuance in comparison with the meaning of the verb in other stem formations." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Sometimes the Piel form is used in ways that do not follow the general conventions of the Piel stem as listed above." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "In these instances, the context demonstrates that none of the normal meanings of the verbal action make sense." }

{ "label": 0, "text": "A dictionary or lexicon will indicate the correct meaning in these rare instances of the Piel stem." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Pilel is a rare stem formation that is similar to the Piel and expresses the same range of meanings." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Pilel stem is a variation of the Piel and has potential to express the same range of verbal action." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It is the same stem formation as the Palel, only with a variant vowel pattern." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Pilel stem is formed from the Piel stem by repeating the 3rd radical, thus making a verb that can appear to have 4 consonants." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It is an extremely rare stem formation in Biblical Hebrew." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Pilpel stem is a variation of the Piel and has potential to express the same range of verbal action." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Pilpel stem is formed from the Piel by dropping the 2nd radical and repeating the 1st and 3rd radical, thus making a verb that appears to have four consonants." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It is a rare stem formation in Biblical Hebrew." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "Many of the occurrences of the Pilpel stem in the Hebrew Bible are from the root verb כּוּל (\"to comprehend, contain\")." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "These paradigms use the root כּוּל, meaning \"to sustain\" in the Pilpel stem." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "The Poal is a rare stem formation that is similar to the Pual." }

{ "label": 1, "text": "It expresses the passive voice of the Poel stem." }