factuality_value
stringclasses
7 values
predicat@xml:space
stringclasses
1 value
predicat@charOffset
stringlengths
3
9
predicat@headOffset
stringlengths
3
9
predicat@id
stringclasses
206 values
predicat@text
stringlengths
2
124
predicat@type
stringclasses
29 values
predicat@charOffsetMin
int64
0
3.96k
predicat@charOffsetMax
int64
6
3.97k
subject@xml:space
stringclasses
1 value
subject@charOffset
stringlengths
3
9
subject@headOffset
stringlengths
3
9
subject@id
stringclasses
197 values
subject@text
stringlengths
2
49
subject@type
stringclasses
72 values
subject@charOffsetMin
int64
0
3.98k
subject@charOffsetMax
int64
3
4k
object@xml:space
stringclasses
1 value
object@charOffset
stringlengths
3
9
object@headOffset
stringlengths
3
9
object@id
stringclasses
198 values
object@text
stringlengths
2
53
object@type
stringclasses
73 values
object@charOffsetMin
int64
0
3.93k
object@charOffsetMax
int64
4
3.94k
id
stringclasses
58 values
raw_sent_text
stringlengths
20
749
sent_charOffset
stringlengths
4
9
sent_charOffsetMin
int64
0
3.88k
sent_charOffsetMax
int64
26
4.2k
formated_sentence
stringlengths
34
768
Fact
preserve
956-959
956-959
T55
had
PROCESS_OF
956
959
preserve
960-991
982-991
T54
intra-abdominal abscesses
DiseaseOrSyndrome
960
991
preserve
909-917
909-917
T51
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
909
917
A6
Two patients with laparoscopic ileocolic resection had intra-abdominal abscesses, which were drained percutaneously in both.
905-1035
905
1,035
Two @OBJECT$ with laparoscopic ileocolic resection @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ , which were drained percutaneously in both.
Fact
preserve
181-183
181-183
T15
in
TREATS
181
183
preserve
140-166
159-166
T11
Laparoscopic bowel surgery
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
140
166
preserve
199-207
199-207
T12
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
199
207
A7
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic bowel surgery was evaluated in 44 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
128-273
128
273
BACKGROUND: @SUBJECT$ was evaluated @PREDICAT$ 44 consecutive @OBJECT$ who underwent surgery for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Fact
preserve
40-43
40-43
T4
for
TREATS
40
43
preserve
26-39
32-39
T2
bowel surgery
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
26
39
preserve
44-70
63-70
T3
inflammatory bowel disease
DiseaseOrSyndrome
44
70
A8
Laparoscopically assisted bowel surgery for inflammatory bowel disease.
0-71
0
71
Laparoscopically assisted @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
218-227
218-227
T16
underwent
TREATS
218
227
preserve
228-235
228-235
T13
surgery
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
228
235
preserve
199-207
199-207
T12
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
199
207
A9
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic bowel surgery was evaluated in 44 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
128-273
128
273
BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic bowel surgery was evaluated in 44 consecutive @OBJECT$ who @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Fact
preserve
1183-1186
1183-1186
T68
had
PROCESS_OF
1,183
1,186
preserve
1201-1212
1201-1212
T65
candidiasis
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,201
1,212
preserve
1175-1182
1175-1182
T63
patient
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,175
1,182
A10
One patient in the laparoscopically assisted colectomy group had a subphrenic abscess that was drained percutaneously, and one patient had a generalized candidiasis.
1036-1213
1,036
1,213
One patient in the laparoscopically assisted colectomy group had a subphrenic abscess that was drained percutaneously, and one @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ a generalized @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
496-499
496-499
T35
had
PROCESS_OF
496
499
preserve
522-525
522-525
T32
IBD
DiseaseOrSyndrome
522
525
preserve
487-495
487-495
T30
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
487
495
A11
All patients had histologically proven IBD and no prior surgery for IBD.
483-561
483
561
All @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ histologically proven @SUBJECT$ and no prior surgery for IBD.
Fact
preserve
842-845
842-845
T59
for
TREATS
842
845
preserve
819-841
836-841
T51
chemotherapeutic agent
PharmacologicSubstance
819
841
preserve
866-874
866-874
T53
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
866
874
A1
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
609-875
609
875
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ breast cancer @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
728-730
728-730
T56
in
PROCESS_OF
728
730
preserve
721-727
721-727
T46
tumors
NeoplasticProcess
721
727
preserve
731-735
731-735
T47
mice
Mammal
731
735
A2
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
609-875
609
875
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
Possible
preserve
1759-1766
1759-1766
T116
inhibit
DISRUPTS
1,759
1,766
preserve
1748-1754
1748-1754
T106
emodin
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
1,748
1,754
preserve
1771-1777
1771-1777
T107
growth
OrganismFunction
1,771
1,777
A3
Taken together, our results suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2/neu is required for tumor growth and chemoresistance and that tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and also sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel.
1560-1879
1,560
1,879
Taken together, our results suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2/neu is required for tumor growth and chemoresistance and that tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as @SUBJECT$ can @PREDICAT$ the @OBJECT$ of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and also sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel.
Fact
preserve
1713-1754
1740-1744
T115
tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as emodin
ISA
1,713
1,754
preserve
1748-1754
1748-1754
T106
emodin
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
1,748
1,754
preserve
1713-1739
1729-1739
T105
tyrosine kinase inhibitors
PharmacologicSubstance
1,713
1,739
A5
Taken together, our results suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2/neu is required for tumor growth and chemoresistance and that tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and also sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel.
1560-1879
1,560
1,879
Taken together, our results suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2/neu is required for tumor growth and chemoresistance and that @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and also sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel.
Fact
preserve
0-32
26-32
T13
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor emodin
ISA
0
32
preserve
26-32
26-32
T2
emodin
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
26
32
preserve
0-25
16-25
T1
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
PharmacologicSubstance
0
25
A6
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor emodin suppresses growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells in athymic mice and sensitizes these cells to the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel.
0-194
0
194
@OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ suppresses growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells in athymic mice and sensitizes these cells to the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel.
Fact
preserve
846-874
866-874
T58
breast cancer patients
PROCESS_OF
846
874
preserve
846-859
853-859
T52
breast cancer
NeoplasticProcess
846
859
preserve
866-874
866-874
T53
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
866
874
A7
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
609-875
609
875
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1960-1988
1982-1988
T127
overexpressing breast tumors
PROCESS_OF
1,960
1,988
preserve
1975-1988
1982-1988
T126
breast tumors
NeoplasticProcess
1,975
1,988
preserve
1960-1974
1960-1974
T125
overexpressing
GeneticFunction
1,960
1,974
A9
The results may have important implications in chemotherapy for HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast tumors.
1880-1989
1,880
1,989
The results may have important implications in chemotherapy for HER-2/neu- @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1819-1821
1819-1821
T118
in
PROCESS_OF
1,819
1,821
preserve
1812-1818
1812-1818
T111
tumors
NeoplasticProcess
1,812
1,818
preserve
1822-1826
1822-1826
T112
mice
Mammal
1,822
1,826
A10
Taken together, our results suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2/neu is required for tumor growth and chemoresistance and that tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and also sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel.
1560-1879
1,560
1,879
Taken together, our results suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2/neu is required for tumor growth and chemoresistance and that tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and also sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel.
Fact
preserve
911-920
911-920
T70
inhibited
DISRUPTS
911
920
preserve
890-896
890-896
T61
emodin
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
890
896
preserve
921-933
927-933
T62
tumor growth
NeoplasticProcess
921
933
A11
We found that emodin significantly inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival in mice bearing HER-2/neu-overexpressing human breast cancer cells.
876-1030
876
1,030
We found that @SUBJECT$ significantly @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and prolonged survival in mice bearing HER-2/neu-overexpressing human breast cancer cells.
Fact
preserve
396-431
422-431
T38
emodin, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor
DISRUPTS
396
431
preserve
396-402
396-402
T24
emodin
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
396
402
preserve
459-474
466-474
T27
kinase activity
MolecularFunction
459
474
A12
We demonstrated previously that emodin, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses tyrosine kinase activity in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells and preferentially represses transformation phenotypes of these cells in vitro.
358-608
358
608
We demonstrated previously that @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ , suppresses tyrosine @OBJECT$ in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells and preferentially represses transformation phenotypes of these cells in vitro.
Fact
preserve
319-321
319-321
T22
in
ASSOCIATED_WITH
319
321
preserve
223-241
227-241
T17
neu proto-oncogene
GeneOrGenome
223
241
preserve
322-328
322-328
T19
tumors
NeoplasticProcess
322
328
A13
Overexpression of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene, which encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor p185neu, has been observed in tumors from breast cancer patients.
195-357
195
357
Overexpression of the HER-2/ @SUBJECT$ , which encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor p185neu, has been observed @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ from breast cancer patients.
Fact
preserve
706-727
721-727
T55
overexpressing tumors
PROCESS_OF
706
727
preserve
721-727
721-727
T46
tumors
NeoplasticProcess
721
727
preserve
706-720
706-720
T45
overexpressing
GeneticFunction
706
720
A14
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
609-875
609
875
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu- @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
Fact
preserve
105-107
105-107
T15
in
PROCESS_OF
105
107
preserve
44-50
44-50
T3
growth
OrganismFunction
44
50
preserve
108-120
116-120
T8
athymic mice
Mammal
108
120
A15
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor emodin suppresses growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells in athymic mice and sensitizes these cells to the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel.
0-194
0
194
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor emodin suppresses @SUBJECT$ of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and sensitizes these cells to the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel.
Fact
preserve
433-443
433-443
T36
suppresses
DISRUPTS
433
443
preserve
406-431
422-431
T25
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
PharmacologicSubstance
406
431
preserve
459-474
466-474
T27
kinase activity
MolecularFunction
459
474
A17
We demonstrated previously that emodin, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses tyrosine kinase activity in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells and preferentially represses transformation phenotypes of these cells in vitro.
358-608
358
608
We demonstrated previously that emodin, a @SUBJECT$ , @PREDICAT$ tyrosine @OBJECT$ in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells and preferentially represses transformation phenotypes of these cells in vitro.
Fact
preserve
396-431
422-431
T35
emodin, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor
ISA
396
431
preserve
396-402
396-402
T24
emodin
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
396
402
preserve
406-431
422-431
T25
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
PharmacologicSubstance
406
431
A19
We demonstrated previously that emodin, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses tyrosine kinase activity in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells and preferentially represses transformation phenotypes of these cells in vitro.
358-608
358
608
We demonstrated previously that @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ , suppresses tyrosine kinase activity in HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells and preferentially represses transformation phenotypes of these cells in vitro.
Uncommitted
preserve
668-675
668-675
T54
inhibit
DISRUPTS
668
675
preserve
657-663
657-663
T41
emodin
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
657
663
preserve
680-686
680-686
T42
growth
OrganismFunction
680
686
A21
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
609-875
609
875
In the present study, we examined whether @SUBJECT$ can @PREDICAT$ the @OBJECT$ of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
Fact
preserve
1940-1943
1940-1943
T128
for
TREATS
1,940
1,943
preserve
1927-1939
1927-1939
T122
chemotherapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,927
1,939
preserve
1975-1988
1982-1988
T126
breast tumors
NeoplasticProcess
1,975
1,988
A22
The results may have important implications in chemotherapy for HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast tumors.
1880-1989
1,880
1,989
The results may have important implications in @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ HER-2/neu-overexpressing @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
33-43
33-43
T14
suppresses
DISRUPTS
33
43
preserve
26-32
26-32
T2
emodin
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
26
32
preserve
44-50
44-50
T3
growth
OrganismFunction
44
50
A23
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor emodin suppresses growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells in athymic mice and sensitizes these cells to the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel.
0-194
0
194
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells in athymic mice and sensitizes these cells to the inhibitory effect of paclitaxel.
Fact
preserve
334-356
348-356
T23
breast cancer patients
PROCESS_OF
334
356
preserve
334-347
341-347
T20
breast cancer
NeoplasticProcess
334
347
preserve
348-356
348-356
T21
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
348
356
A24
Overexpression of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene, which encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor p185neu, has been observed in tumors from breast cancer patients.
195-357
195
357
Overexpression of the HER-2/neu proto-oncogene, which encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor p185neu, has been observed in tumors from @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1797-1818
1812-1818
T117
overexpressing tumors
PROCESS_OF
1,797
1,818
preserve
1812-1818
1812-1818
T111
tumors
NeoplasticProcess
1,812
1,818
preserve
1797-1811
1797-1811
T110
overexpressing
GeneticFunction
1,797
1,811
A25
Taken together, our results suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2/neu is required for tumor growth and chemoresistance and that tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and also sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel.
1560-1879
1,560
1,879
Taken together, our results suggest that the tyrosine kinase activity of HER-2/neu is required for tumor growth and chemoresistance and that tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu- @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ in mice and also sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel.
Fact
preserve
842-845
842-845
T59
for
TREATS
842
845
preserve
819-841
836-841
T51
chemotherapeutic agent
PharmacologicSubstance
819
841
preserve
846-859
853-859
T52
breast cancer
NeoplasticProcess
846
859
A27
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer patients.
609-875
609
875
In the present study, we examined whether emodin can inhibit the growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing tumors in mice and whether emodin can sensitize these tumors to paclitaxel, a commonly used @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ patients.
Fact
preserve
1343-1360
1355-1360
T91
human tumor cells
PART_OF
1,343
1,360
preserve
1349-1360
1355-1360
T86
tumor cells
Cell
1,349
1,360
preserve
1343-1348
1343-1348
T85
human
Human
1,343
1,348
A28
xenografts of human tumor cells expressing high levels of p185neu.
1329-1401
1,329
1,401
xenografts of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ expressing high levels of p185neu.
Fact
preserve
669-673
669-673
T44
with
PROCESS_OF
669
673
preserve
674-701
691-701
T35
acute myocardial infarction
DiseaseOrSyndrome
674
701
preserve
660-668
660-668
T34
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
660
668
A1
On the basis of this evidence, guidelines suggest that (1) all patients with acute myocardial infarction who do not have clear contraindications should be treated within 24 hours from the onset of symptoms with intravenous beta-blockers.
591-846
591
846
On the basis of this evidence, guidelines suggest that (1) all @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ who do not have clear contraindications should be treated within 24 hours from the onset of symptoms with intravenous beta-blockers.
Fact
preserve
951-974
965-974
T60
ACE inhibitor treatment
USES
951
974
preserve
965-974
965-974
T49
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
965
974
preserve
951-964
955-964
T48
ACE inhibitor
PharmacologicSubstance
951
964
A2
If tolerated, the treatment should be continued for at least 2 to 3 years and perhaps longer; (2) ACE inhibitor treatment should be started during the first day after myocardial infarction in most patients after timely and careful observation of the patient's hemodynamic and clinical status and after administration of routinely recommended treatments (thrombolysis, aspirin, and beta-blockers).
847-1274
847
1,274
If tolerated, the treatment should be continued for at least 2 to 3 years and perhaps longer; (2) @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ should be started during the first day after myocardial infarction in most patients after timely and careful observation of the patient's hemodynamic and clinical status and after administration of routinely recommended treatments (thrombolysis, aspirin, and beta-blockers).
Fact
preserve
1387-1416
1407-1416
T77
ACE inhibitor treatment
USES
1,387
1,416
preserve
1407-1416
1407-1416
T69
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,407
1,416
preserve
1387-1406
1397-1406
T68
ACE inhibitor
PharmacologicSubstance
1,387
1,406
A4
In the patients showing neither clinical symptoms nor instrumental signs of left ventricular dysfunction, ACE inhibitor treatment can be stopped at the time of hospital discharge and ventricular function reevaluated after an adequate period of time.
1275-1542
1,275
1,542
In the patients showing neither clinical symptoms nor instrumental signs of left ventricular dysfunction, @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ can be stopped at the time of hospital discharge and ventricular function reevaluated after an adequate period of time.
Fact
preserve
423-427
423-427
T30
with
USES
423
427
preserve
415-422
415-422
T23
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
415
422
preserve
446-498
488-498
T25
angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
PharmacologicSubstance
446
498
A5
Randomized clinical trials and overviews of adjunctive therapy with beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors showed that these treatments may further reduce mortality rates by approximately 10%.
354-590
354
590
Randomized clinical trials and overviews of adjunctive @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ beta-blockers and @OBJECT$ showed that these treatments may further reduce mortality rates by approximately 10%.
Fact
preserve
423-427
423-427
T30
with
USES
423
427
preserve
415-422
415-422
T23
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
415
422
preserve
428-441
428-441
T24
beta-blockers
PharmacologicSubstance
428
441
A6
Randomized clinical trials and overviews of adjunctive therapy with beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors showed that these treatments may further reduce mortality rates by approximately 10%.
354-590
354
590
Randomized clinical trials and overviews of adjunctive @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors showed that these treatments may further reduce mortality rates by approximately 10%.
Fact
preserve
62-64
62-64
T6
in
TREATS
62
64
preserve
27-40
27-40
T2
beta-blockers
PharmacologicSubstance
27
40
preserve
65-68
65-68
T5
AMI
DiseaseOrSyndrome
65
68
A7
How to use ACE-inhibitors, beta-blockers, and newer therapies in AMI.
0-69
0
69
How to use ACE-inhibitors, @SUBJECT$ , and newer therapies @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
62-64
62-64
T6
in
TREATS
62
64
preserve
52-61
52-61
T4
therapies
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
52
61
preserve
65-68
65-68
T5
AMI
DiseaseOrSyndrome
65
68
A8
How to use ACE-inhibitors, beta-blockers, and newer therapies in AMI.
0-69
0
69
How to use ACE-inhibitors, beta-blockers, and newer @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
62-64
62-64
T6
in
TREATS
62
64
preserve
11-25
11-25
T1
ACE-inhibitors
PharmacologicSubstance
11
25
preserve
65-68
65-68
T5
AMI
DiseaseOrSyndrome
65
68
A9
How to use ACE-inhibitors, beta-blockers, and newer therapies in AMI.
0-69
0
69
How to use @SUBJECT$ , beta-blockers, and newer therapies @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1049-1051
1049-1051
T61
in
PROCESS_OF
1,049
1,051
preserve
1027-1048
1038-1048
T52
myocardial infarction
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,027
1,048
preserve
1057-1065
1057-1065
T53
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,057
1,065
A10
If tolerated, the treatment should be continued for at least 2 to 3 years and perhaps longer; (2) ACE inhibitor treatment should be started during the first day after myocardial infarction in most patients after timely and careful observation of the patient's hemodynamic and clinical status and after administration of routinely recommended treatments (thrombolysis, aspirin, and beta-blockers).
847-1274
847
1,274
If tolerated, the treatment should be continued for at least 2 to 3 years and perhaps longer; (2) ACE inhibitor treatment should be started during the first day after @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ most @OBJECT$ after timely and careful observation of the patient's hemodynamic and clinical status and after administration of routinely recommended treatments (thrombolysis, aspirin, and beta-blockers).
Uncommitted
preserve
263-269
263-269
T20
reduce
PREVENTS
263
269
preserve
229-238
229-238
T14
therapies
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
229
238
preserve
279-287
279-287
T16
symptoms
SignOrSymptom
279
287
A11
Besides reperfusion treatment, which is the most powerful approach to the underlying pathophysiological cause of myocardial infarction, adjunctive therapies should be considered to reduce clinical symptoms, and improve left ventricular function and mortality rates.
70-353
70
353
Besides reperfusion treatment, which is the most powerful approach to the underlying pathophysiological cause of myocardial infarction, adjunctive @SUBJECT$ should be considered to @PREDICAT$ clinical @OBJECT$ , and improve left ventricular function and mortality rates.
Fact
preserve
884-891
884-891
T43
treated
TREATS
884
891
preserve
903-912
903-912
T39
diuretics
PharmacologicSubstance
903
912
preserve
875-883
875-883
T38
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
875
883
A1
In the case control studies, the odds ratio of renal cell carcinoma occurring in patients treated with diuretics averaged 1.55 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.42 to 1.71 (p <0.00001) compared with nonusers of diuretics.
788-1029
788
1,029
In the case control studies, the odds ratio of renal cell carcinoma occurring in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ with @SUBJECT$ averaged 1.55 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.42 to 1.71 (p <0.00001) compared with nonusers of diuretics.
Fact
preserve
1878-1885
1878-1885
T88
therapy
TREATS
1,878
1,885
preserve
1853-1858
1853-1858
T83
drugs
PharmacologicSubstance
1,853
1,858
preserve
1889-1919
1910-1919
T86
cardiovascular disorders
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,889
1,919
A2
Although diuretics remain the best documented drug class to reduce morbidity and mortality in systemic hypertension, our data suggest a need for continued vigilance to assess the risk-benefit ratio of all drugs used for long-term therapy of cardiovascular disorders.
1629-1920
1,629
1,920
Although diuretics remain the best documented drug class to reduce morbidity and mortality in systemic hypertension, our data suggest a need for continued vigilance to assess the risk-benefit ratio of all @SUBJECT$ used for long-term @PREDICAT$ of @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
209-215
209-215
T15
reduce
PREVENTS
209
215
preserve
199-208
199-208
T12
Diuretics
PharmacologicSubstance
199
208
preserve
216-246
237-246
T13
cardiovascular morbidity
DiseaseOrSyndrome
216
246
A4
Diuretics reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and constitute a cornerstone in the antihypertensive arsenal.
199-328
199
328
@SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ and mortality and constitute a cornerstone in the antihypertensive arsenal.
Possible
preserve
176-180
176-180
T11
risk
PREDISPOSES
176
180
preserve
128-135
128-135
T7
disease
DiseaseOrSyndrome
128
135
preserve
185-197
185-197
T10
malignancies
NeoplasticProcess
185
197
A5
Several studies have suggested that systemic hypertension as a disease or its therapy could increase the risk for malignancies.
65-198
65
198
Several studies have suggested that systemic hypertension as a @SUBJECT$ or its therapy could increase the @PREDICAT$ for @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
862-871
862-871
T42
occurring
OCCURS_IN
862
871
preserve
841-861
852-861
T37
renal cell carcinoma
NeoplasticProcess
841
861
preserve
875-883
875-883
T38
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
875
883
A6
In the case control studies, the odds ratio of renal cell carcinoma occurring in patients treated with diuretics averaged 1.55 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.42 to 1.71 (p <0.00001) compared with nonusers of diuretics.
788-1029
788
1,029
In the case control studies, the odds ratio of @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ in @OBJECT$ treated with diuretics averaged 1.55 with a 95% confidence interval of 1.42 to 1.71 (p <0.00001) compared with nonusers of diuretics.
Uncommitted
preserve
551-553
551-553
T39
in
ASSOCIATED_WITH
551
553
preserve
472-479
472-479
T30
eotaxin
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
472
479
preserve
561-571
561-571
T38
asthmatics
DiseaseOrSyndrome
561
571
A2
We aimed to investigate eotaxin expression during the late-phase reaction to allergen inhalation in atopic asthmatics.
442-572
442
572
We aimed to investigate @SUBJECT$ expression during the late-phase reaction to allergen inhalation @PREDICAT$ atopic @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
246-272
263-272
T22
Eotaxin is a C-C chemokine
ISA
246
272
preserve
246-253
246-253
T17
Eotaxin
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
246
253
preserve
263-272
263-272
T18
chemokine
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
263
272
A3
Eotaxin is a C-C chemokine with selective activity for eosinophils and basophils.
246-333
246
333
@SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with selective activity for eosinophils and basophils.
Fact
preserve
1449-1451
1449-1451
T88
of
PART_OF
1,449
1,451
preserve
1406-1435
1430-1435
T80
terminal ductal lobular units
BodyPartOrganOrOrganComponent
1,406
1,435
preserve
1463-1469
1463-1469
T82
breast
BodyPartOrganOrOrganComponent
1,463
1,469
A1
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, aromatase and mRNAarom was detected mainly in the epithelial cells of the terminal ductal lobular units (TDLU) of the normal breast and also in breast tumor epithelial cells as well as some stromal cells.
1267-1549
1,267
1,549
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, aromatase and mRNAarom was detected mainly in the epithelial cells of the @SUBJECT$ (TDLU) @PREDICAT$ the normal @OBJECT$ and also in breast tumor epithelial cells as well as some stromal cells.
Fact
preserve
2404-2406
2404-2406
T137
in
TREATS
2,404
2,406
preserve
2375-2388
2375-2388
T132
antiestrogens
PharmacologicSubstance
2,375
2,388
preserve
2419-2431
2425-2431
T135
tumor growth
NeoplasticProcess
2,419
2,431
A2
Both aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens were effective in suppressing tumor growth in this model.
2338-2446
2,338
2,446
Both aromatase inhibitors and @SUBJECT$ were effective @PREDICAT$ suppressing @OBJECT$ in this model.
Fact
preserve
1375-1377
1375-1377
T86
in
LOCATION_OF
1,375
1,377
preserve
1382-1398
1393-1398
T79
epithelial cells
Cell
1,382
1,398
preserve
1326-1335
1326-1335
T78
aromatase
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
1,326
1,335
A3
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, aromatase and mRNAarom was detected mainly in the epithelial cells of the terminal ductal lobular units (TDLU) of the normal breast and also in breast tumor epithelial cells as well as some stromal cells.
1267-1549
1,267
1,549
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, @OBJECT$ and mRNAarom was detected mainly @PREDICAT$ the @SUBJECT$ of the terminal ductal lobular units (TDLU) of the normal breast and also in breast tumor epithelial cells as well as some stromal cells.
Fact
preserve
2310-2320
2310-2320
T130
stimulated
AUGMENTS
2,310
2,320
preserve
2295-2303
2295-2303
T127
estrogen
Hormone
2,295
2,303
preserve
2321-2326
2321-2326
T128
tumor
NeoplasticProcess
2,321
2,326
A4
Thus, the cells synthesized estrogen which stimulated tumor formation.
2261-2337
2,261
2,337
Thus, the cells synthesized @SUBJECT$ which @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ formation.
Fact
preserve
721-724
721-724
T43
for
USES
721
724
preserve
725-734
725-734
T42
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
725
734
preserve
636-645
636-645
T38
Letrozole
OrganicChemical
636
645
A5
Letrozole (CGS 20, 269) and anastrozole (ZN 1033) have been recently approved for treatment.
636-735
636
735
@OBJECT$ (CGS 20, 269) and anastrozole (ZN 1033) have been recently approved @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
2485-2489
2485-2489
T144
than
compared_with
2,485
2,489
preserve
2456-2465
2456-2465
T139
letrozole
OrganicChemical
2,456
2,465
preserve
2490-2499
2490-2499
T142
tamoxifen
OrganicChemical
2,490
2,499
A6
However, letrozole was more effective than tamoxifen.
2447-2500
2,447
2,500
However, @SUBJECT$ was more effective @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
865-867
865-867
T61
to
compared_with
865
867
preserve
811-820
811-820
T50
Letrozole
OrganicChemical
811
820
preserve
874-880
874-880
T52
megace
Hormone
874
880
A7
Letrozole has been shown to be significantly superior to megace in overall response rates and time to treatment failure, whereas anastrozole was found to improve survival in comparison to megace.
811-1018
811
1,018
@SUBJECT$ has been shown to be significantly superior @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ in overall response rates and time to treatment failure, whereas anastrozole was found to improve survival in comparison to megace.
Fact
preserve
2142-2144
2142-2144
T122
in
TREATS
2,142
2,144
preserve
2128-2141
2128-2141
T115
antiestrogens
PharmacologicSubstance
2,128
2,141
preserve
2145-2151
2145-2151
T116
tumors
NeoplasticProcess
2,145
2,151
A8
This model also allows evaluation of the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens in tumors of estrogen receptor positive, human breast carcinoma cells transfected with the human aromatase gene.
2044-2260
2,044
2,260
This model also allows evaluation of the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors and @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ of estrogen receptor positive, human breast carcinoma cells transfected with the human aromatase gene.
Fact
preserve
997-1007
997-1007
T63
comparison
compared_with
997
1,007
preserve
952-963
952-963
T57
anastrozole
OrganicChemical
952
963
preserve
1011-1017
1011-1017
T59
megace
Hormone
1,011
1,017
A9
Letrozole has been shown to be significantly superior to megace in overall response rates and time to treatment failure, whereas anastrozole was found to improve survival in comparison to megace.
811-1018
811
1,018
Letrozole has been shown to be significantly superior to megace in overall response rates and time to treatment failure, whereas @SUBJECT$ was found to improve survival in @PREDICAT$ to @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
214-224
214-224
T21
inactivate
INHIBITS
214
224
preserve
154-181
174-181
T11
steroidal substrate analogs
Steroid
154
181
preserve
229-235
229-235
T14
enzyme
Enzyme
229
235
A10
Both steroidal substrate analogs, type I inhibitors, which inactivate the enzyme and non-steroidal competitive reversible, type II inhibitors, are now available.
149-322
149
322
Both @SUBJECT$ , type I inhibitors, which @PREDICAT$ the @OBJECT$ and non-steroidal competitive reversible, type II inhibitors, are now available.
Fact
preserve
2142-2144
2142-2144
T122
in
TREATS
2,142
2,144
preserve
2097-2123
2113-2123
T114
aromatase inhibitors
PharmacologicSubstance
2,097
2,123
preserve
2145-2151
2145-2151
T116
tumors
NeoplasticProcess
2,145
2,151
A11
This model also allows evaluation of the efficacy of aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens in tumors of estrogen receptor positive, human breast carcinoma cells transfected with the human aromatase gene.
2044-2260
2,044
2,260
This model also allows evaluation of the efficacy of @SUBJECT$ and antiestrogens @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ of estrogen receptor positive, human breast carcinoma cells transfected with the human aromatase gene.
Fact
preserve
721-724
721-724
T43
for
USES
721
724
preserve
725-734
725-734
T42
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
725
734
preserve
664-675
664-675
T40
anastrozole
OrganicChemical
664
675
A12
Letrozole (CGS 20, 269) and anastrozole (ZN 1033) have been recently approved for treatment.
636-735
636
735
Letrozole (CGS 20, 269) and @OBJECT$ (ZN 1033) have been recently approved @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
545-549
545-549
T37
with
PROCESS_OF
545
549
preserve
569-576
569-576
T32
disease
DiseaseOrSyndrome
569
576
preserve
536-544
536-544
T30
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
536
544
A13
4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA), the first selective aromatase inhibitor, has been shown to reduce serum estrogen concentrations and cause complete and partial responses in approximately 25% of patients with hormone responsive disease who have relapsed from previous endocrine treatment.
323-635
323
635
4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA), the first selective aromatase inhibitor, has been shown to reduce serum estrogen concentrations and cause complete and partial responses in approximately 25% of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ hormone responsive @SUBJECT$ who have relapsed from previous endocrine treatment.
Fact
preserve
115-118
115-118
T9
for
TREATS
115
118
preserve
99-108
99-108
T6
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
99
108
preserve
134-147
141-147
T7
breast cancer
NeoplasticProcess
134
147
A14
Inhibitors of aromatase (estrogen synthetase) have been developed as treatment for postmenopausal breast cancer.
30-148
30
148
Inhibitors of aromatase (estrogen synthetase) have been developed as @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ postmenopausal @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
2404-2406
2404-2406
T137
in
TREATS
2,404
2,406
preserve
2343-2363
2353-2363
T131
aromatase inhibitors
PharmacologicSubstance
2,343
2,363
preserve
2419-2431
2425-2431
T135
tumor growth
NeoplasticProcess
2,419
2,431
A15
Both aromatase inhibitors and antiestrogens were effective in suppressing tumor growth in this model.
2338-2446
2,338
2,446
Both @SUBJECT$ and antiestrogens were effective @PREDICAT$ suppressing @OBJECT$ in this model.
Fact
preserve
1096-1102
1096-1102
T75
within
LOCATION_OF
1,096
1,102
preserve
1107-1113
1107-1113
T67
breast
BodyPartOrganOrOrganComponent
1,107
1,113
preserve
1086-1095
1086-1095
T66
aromatase
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
1,086
1,095
A17
The potential of aromatase within the breast as a significant source of estrogen mediating tumor proliferation and which might determine the outcome of inhibitor treatment was explored.
1069-1266
1,069
1,266
The potential of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ the @SUBJECT$ as a significant source of estrogen mediating tumor proliferation and which might determine the outcome of inhibitor treatment was explored.
Fact
preserve
55-108
86-95
T8
estrogen synthetase) have been developed as treatment
ISA
55
108
preserve
55-74
64-74
T5
estrogen synthetase
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
55
74
preserve
99-108
99-108
T6
treatment
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
99
108
A18
Inhibitors of aromatase (estrogen synthetase) have been developed as treatment for postmenopausal breast cancer.
30-148
30
148
Inhibitors of aromatase ( @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ for postmenopausal breast cancer.
Fact
preserve
1399-1401
1399-1401
T87
of
PART_OF
1,399
1,401
preserve
1382-1398
1393-1398
T79
epithelial cells
Cell
1,382
1,398
preserve
1406-1435
1430-1435
T80
terminal ductal lobular units
BodyPartOrganOrOrganComponent
1,406
1,435
A19
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, aromatase and mRNAarom was detected mainly in the epithelial cells of the terminal ductal lobular units (TDLU) of the normal breast and also in breast tumor epithelial cells as well as some stromal cells.
1267-1549
1,267
1,549
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, aromatase and mRNAarom was detected mainly in the @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ the @OBJECT$ (TDLU) of the normal breast and also in breast tumor epithelial cells as well as some stromal cells.
Counterfact
preserve
2715-2722
2715-2722
T158
effects
INTERACTS_WITH
2,715
2,722
preserve
2751-2771
2761-2771
T157
aromatase inhibitors
PharmacologicSubstance
2,751
2,771
preserve
2736-2745
2736-2745
T156
tamoxifen
OrganicChemical
2,736
2,745
A20
Thus, there was no additive or synergistic effects of combining tamoxifen with aromatase inhibitors.
2666-2772
2,666
2,772
Thus, there was no additive or synergistic @PREDICAT$ of combining @OBJECT$ with @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
55-108
86-95
T10
estrogen synthetase) have been developed as treatment
TREATS
55
108
preserve
55-74
64-74
T5
estrogen synthetase
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
55
74
preserve
134-147
141-147
T7
breast cancer
NeoplasticProcess
134
147
A21
Inhibitors of aromatase (estrogen synthetase) have been developed as treatment for postmenopausal breast cancer.
30-148
30
148
Inhibitors of aromatase ( @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ for postmenopausal @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
2485-2489
2485-2489
T145
than
higher_than
2,485
2,489
preserve
2456-2465
2456-2465
T139
letrozole
OrganicChemical
2,456
2,465
preserve
2490-2499
2490-2499
T142
tamoxifen
OrganicChemical
2,490
2,499
A22
However, letrozole was more effective than tamoxifen.
2447-2500
2,447
2,500
However, @SUBJECT$ was more effective @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
2542-2550
2542-2550
T152
combined
COEXISTS_WITH
2,542
2,550
preserve
2556-2565
2556-2565
T147
tamoxifen
OrganicChemical
2,556
2,565
preserve
2510-2536
2526-2536
T146
aromatase inhibitors
PharmacologicSubstance
2,510
2,536
A23
When the aromatase inhibitors were combined with tamoxifen, tumor growth was suppressed to about the same extent as with the aromatase inhibitors alone.
2501-2665
2,501
2,665
When the @OBJECT$ were @PREDICAT$ with @SUBJECT$ , tumor growth was suppressed to about the same extent as with the aromatase inhibitors alone.
Fact
preserve
865-867
865-867
T62
to
higher_than
865
867
preserve
811-820
811-820
T50
Letrozole
OrganicChemical
811
820
preserve
874-880
874-880
T52
megace
Hormone
874
880
A24
Letrozole has been shown to be significantly superior to megace in overall response rates and time to treatment failure, whereas anastrozole was found to improve survival in comparison to megace.
811-1018
811
1,018
@SUBJECT$ has been shown to be significantly superior @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ in overall response rates and time to treatment failure, whereas anastrozole was found to improve survival in comparison to megace.
Fact
preserve
323-402
393-402
T36
4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA), the first selective aromatase inhibitor
ISA
323
402
preserve
323-347
323-347
T22
4-hydroxyandrostenedione
OrganicChemical
323
347
preserve
383-402
393-402
T24
aromatase inhibitor
PharmacologicSubstance
383
402
A25
4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA), the first selective aromatase inhibitor, has been shown to reduce serum estrogen concentrations and cause complete and partial responses in approximately 25% of patients with hormone responsive disease who have relapsed from previous endocrine treatment.
323-635
323
635
@SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ , has been shown to reduce serum estrogen concentrations and cause complete and partial responses in approximately 25% of patients with hormone responsive disease who have relapsed from previous endocrine treatment.
Fact
preserve
1482-1511
1506-1511
T89
breast tumor epithelial cells
PART_OF
1,482
1,511
preserve
1495-1511
1506-1511
T84
epithelial cells
Cell
1,495
1,511
preserve
1482-1494
1489-1494
T83
breast tumor
NeoplasticProcess
1,482
1,494
A27
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, aromatase and mRNAarom was detected mainly in the epithelial cells of the terminal ductal lobular units (TDLU) of the normal breast and also in breast tumor epithelial cells as well as some stromal cells.
1267-1549
1,267
1,549
Using immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization, aromatase and mRNAarom was detected mainly in the epithelial cells of the terminal ductal lobular units (TDLU) of the normal breast and also in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ as well as some stromal cells.
Fact
preserve
1563-1565
1563-1565
T113
in
LOCATION_OF
1,563
1,565
preserve
1580-1585
1580-1585
T105
cells
Cell
1,580
1,585
preserve
1556-1562
1556-1562
T103
VCAM-1
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
1,556
1,562
A1
The rank order of potency of GC for inhibition of the expression of VCAM-1 in BEAS-2B cells was MF congruent with FP >> BUD > TAA > HC congruent with BDP.
1482-1648
1,482
1,648
The rank order of potency of GC for inhibition of the expression of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ BEAS-2B @SUBJECT$ was MF congruent with FP >> BUD > TAA > HC congruent with BDP.
Fact
preserve
1469-1480
1478-1480
T98
basophil HR
LOCATION_OF
1,469
1,480
preserve
1469-1477
1469-1477
T95
basophil
Cell
1,469
1,477
preserve
1478-1480
1478-1480
T96
HR
CellFunction
1,478
1,480
A2
Three-day treatment of eosinophils with GC concentration-dependently inhibited IL-5-induced eosinophil viability, with a rank of potency almost identical to that observed with basophil HR.
1280-1481
1,280
1,481
Three-day treatment of eosinophils with GC concentration-dependently inhibited IL-5-induced eosinophil viability, with a rank of potency almost identical to that observed with @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
355-381
374-381
T38
basophil histamine release
LOCATION_OF
355
381
preserve
355-363
355-363
T23
basophil
Cell
355
363
preserve
364-381
374-381
T24
histamine release
CellFunction
364
381
A4
OBJECTIVES: We compared in vitro the inhibitory activity of synthetic GC used for topical treatment in asthma and rhinitis on basophil histamine release (HR), eosinophil viability, and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B.
217-535
217
535
OBJECTIVES: We compared in vitro the inhibitory activity of synthetic GC used for topical treatment in asthma and rhinitis on @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ (HR), eosinophil viability, and expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) in the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEAS-2B.
Fact
preserve
121-131
121-131
T12
inhibitors
DISRUPTS
121
131
preserve
89-104
89-104
T4
Glucocorticoids
Hormone
89
104
preserve
202-215
207-215
T11
cell function
CellFunction
202
215
A9
BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids (GC) are potent inhibitors of peripheral blood eosinophil, basophil, and airway epithelial cell function.
77-216
77
216
BACKGROUND: @SUBJECT$ (GC) are potent @PREDICAT$ of peripheral blood eosinophil, basophil, and airway epithelial @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
121-131
121-131
T12
inhibitors
DISRUPTS
121
131
preserve
89-104
89-104
T4
Glucocorticoids
Hormone
89
104
preserve
146-168
158-168
T8
blood eosinophil
Cell
146
168
A12
BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids (GC) are potent inhibitors of peripheral blood eosinophil, basophil, and airway epithelial cell function.
77-216
77
216
BACKGROUND: @SUBJECT$ (GC) are potent @PREDICAT$ of peripheral @OBJECT$ , basophil, and airway epithelial cell function.
Fact
preserve
121-131
121-131
T12
inhibitors
DISRUPTS
121
131
preserve
89-104
89-104
T4
Glucocorticoids
Hormone
89
104
preserve
170-178
170-178
T9
basophil
Cell
170
178
A13
BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoids (GC) are potent inhibitors of peripheral blood eosinophil, basophil, and airway epithelial cell function.
77-216
77
216
BACKGROUND: @SUBJECT$ (GC) are potent @PREDICAT$ of peripheral blood eosinophil, @OBJECT$ , and airway epithelial cell function.
Fact
preserve
219-227
219-227
T27
compared
compared_with
219
227
preserve
244-257
244-257
T21
beta-carotene
OrganicChemical
244
257
preserve
268-282
268-282
T22
alpha-carotene
BiologicallyActiveSubstance
268
282
A6
To elucidate the possible role of carotenoids and vitamin A as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), we compared serum levels of beta-carotene and alpha-carotene, and vitamin A, measured by isocratic high performance liquid chromatography, of 38 AD patients and 42 controls.
104-401
104
401
To elucidate the possible role of carotenoids and vitamin A as risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), we @PREDICAT$ serum levels of @SUBJECT$ and @OBJECT$ , and vitamin A, measured by isocratic high performance liquid chromatography, of 38 AD patients and 42 controls.
Fact
preserve
72-76
72-76
T10
with
PROCESS_OF
72
76
preserve
83-102
95-102
T7
Alzheimer's disease
DiseaseOrSyndrome
83
102
preserve
63-71
63-71
T6
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
63
71
A9
Serum levels of beta-carotene, alpha-carotene and vitamin A in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
0-103
0
103
Serum levels of beta-carotene, alpha-carotene and vitamin A in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1335-1344
1335-1344
T89
receiving
ADMINISTERED_TO
1,335
1,344
preserve
1349-1353
1349-1353
T82
drug
PharmacologicSubstance
1,349
1,353
preserve
1326-1334
1326-1334
T81
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,326
1,334
A1
However, discontinuation of troglitazone because of elevated liver enzyme levels occurs in approximately 2% of patients receiving the drug, and frequent monitoring of liver enzymes is required (e.g.
1203-1419
1,203
1,419
However, discontinuation of troglitazone because of elevated liver enzyme levels occurs in approximately 2% of @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ the @SUBJECT$ , and frequent monitoring of liver enzymes is required (e.g.
Fact
preserve
2477-2487
2477-2487
T142
management
TREATS
2,477
2,487
preserve
2451-2463
2451-2463
T139
troglitazone
OrganicChemical
2,451
2,463
preserve
2491-2515
2507-2515
T141
type 2 diabetes mellitus
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,491
2,515
A2
Drug acquisition and liver function monitoring costs, as well as potential adverse effects, are important factors that may ultimately determine the precise place of troglitazone in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
2274-2516
2,274
2,516
Drug acquisition and liver function monitoring costs, as well as potential adverse effects, are important factors that may ultimately determine the precise place of @SUBJECT$ in the @PREDICAT$ of @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
1875-1877
1875-1877
T122
in
TREATS
1,875
1,877
preserve
1826-1830
1826-1830
T111
drug
PharmacologicSubstance
1,826
1,830
preserve
1898-1922
1914-1922
T114
type 2 diabetes mellitus
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,898
1,922
A3
The drug has been shown to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus when used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin, and its efficacy is similar to that of glibenclamide or metformin.
1822-2091
1,822
2,091
The @SUBJECT$ has been shown to improve glycaemic control @PREDICAT$ patients with @OBJECT$ when used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin, and its efficacy is similar to that of glibenclamide or metformin.
Fact
preserve
563-567
563-567
T44
with
PROCESS_OF
563
567
preserve
574-598
590-598
T34
type 2 diabetes mellitus
DiseaseOrSyndrome
574
598
preserve
554-562
554-562
T33
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
554
562
A4
Clinical trials with troglitazone (usually 200 to 600 mg/day) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus consistently showed marked improvement in glycaemic control, as well as reductions in fasting serum insulin, C-peptide and triglyceride levels.
489-754
489
754
Clinical trials with troglitazone (usually 200 to 600 mg/day) in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ consistently showed marked improvement in glycaemic control, as well as reductions in fasting serum insulin, C-peptide and triglyceride levels.
Fact
preserve
2681-2683
2681-2683
T158
in
TREATS
2,681
2,683
preserve
2625-2637
2625-2637
T150
troglitazone
OrganicChemical
2,625
2,637
preserve
2684-2692
2684-2692
T153
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
2,684
2,692
A5
Nevertheless, as the first member of a new class of oral antidiabetic agents, the thiazolidinediones, troglitazone offers an effective treatment option in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through its action of improving insulin sensitivity.
2517-2781
2,517
2,781
Nevertheless, as the first member of a new class of oral antidiabetic agents, the thiazolidinediones, @SUBJECT$ offers an effective treatment option @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with type 2 diabetes mellitus through its action of improving insulin sensitivity.
Fact
preserve
1500-1520
1513-1520
T105
troglitazone therapy
USES
1,500
1,520
preserve
1513-1520
1513-1520
T92
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,513
1,520
preserve
1500-1512
1500-1512
T91
troglitazone
OrganicChemical
1,500
1,512
A6
Among patients who started troglitazone therapy in 1998 (after the incorporation of a boxed warning and increased monitoring requirements in the product labelling), the estimated risk of liver-related death is approximately 1 in 100,000.
1473-1729
1,473
1,729
Among patients who started @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ in 1998 (after the incorporation of a boxed warning and increased monitoring requirements in the product labelling), the estimated risk of liver-related death is approximately 1 in 100,000.
Fact
preserve
699-712
705-712
T45
serum insulin
LOCATION_OF
699
712
preserve
699-704
699-704
T38
serum
BodySubstance
699
704
preserve
705-712
705-712
T39
insulin
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
705
712
A7
Clinical trials with troglitazone (usually 200 to 600 mg/day) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus consistently showed marked improvement in glycaemic control, as well as reductions in fasting serum insulin, C-peptide and triglyceride levels.
489-754
489
754
Clinical trials with troglitazone (usually 200 to 600 mg/day) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus consistently showed marked improvement in glycaemic control, as well as reductions in fasting @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ , C-peptide and triglyceride levels.
Fact
preserve
551-553
551-553
T43
in
TREATS
551
553
preserve
510-522
510-522
T31
troglitazone
OrganicChemical
510
522
preserve
554-562
554-562
T33
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
554
562
A10
Clinical trials with troglitazone (usually 200 to 600 mg/day) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus consistently showed marked improvement in glycaemic control, as well as reductions in fasting serum insulin, C-peptide and triglyceride levels.
489-754
489
754
Clinical trials with @SUBJECT$ (usually 200 to 600 mg/day) @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with type 2 diabetes mellitus consistently showed marked improvement in glycaemic control, as well as reductions in fasting serum insulin, C-peptide and triglyceride levels.
Fact
preserve
81-148
101-106
T17
Troglitazone is the first of a new group of oral antidiabetic drugs
ISA
81
148
preserve
81-93
81-93
T6
Troglitazone
OrganicChemical
81
93
preserve
130-148
143-148
T11
antidiabetic drugs
PharmacologicSubstance
130
148
A12
Troglitazone is the first of a new group of oral antidiabetic drugs, the thiazolidinediones, and is indicated for the treatment of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
81-287
81
287
@SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ , the thiazolidinediones, and is indicated for the treatment of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
Fact
preserve
2580-2623
2605-2623
T157
antidiabetic agents, the thiazolidinediones
ISA
2,580
2,623
preserve
2605-2623
2605-2623
T149
thiazolidinediones
OrganicChemical
2,605
2,623
preserve
2580-2599
2593-2599
T148
antidiabetic agents
PharmacologicSubstance
2,580
2,599
A13
Nevertheless, as the first member of a new class of oral antidiabetic agents, the thiazolidinediones, troglitazone offers an effective treatment option in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through its action of improving insulin sensitivity.
2517-2781
2,517
2,781
Nevertheless, as the first member of a new class of oral @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ , troglitazone offers an effective treatment option in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through its action of improving insulin sensitivity.
Fact
preserve
1893-1897
1893-1897
T123
with
PROCESS_OF
1,893
1,897
preserve
1898-1922
1914-1922
T114
type 2 diabetes mellitus
DiseaseOrSyndrome
1,898
1,922
preserve
1884-1892
1884-1892
T113
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,884
1,892
A14
The drug has been shown to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus when used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin, and its efficacy is similar to that of glibenclamide or metformin.
1822-2091
1,822
2,091
The drug has been shown to improve glycaemic control in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ when used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin, and its efficacy is similar to that of glibenclamide or metformin.
Fact
preserve
41-51
41-51
T5
management
TREATS
41
51
preserve
0-12
0-12
T1
Troglitazone
OrganicChemical
0
12
preserve
55-79
71-79
T4
type 2 diabetes mellitus
DiseaseOrSyndrome
55
79
A15
Troglitazone: a review of its use in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
0-80
0
80
@SUBJECT$ : a review of its use in the @PREDICAT$ of @OBJECT$ .
Fact
preserve
130-178
160-178
T18
antidiabetic drugs, the thiazolidinediones
ISA
130
178
preserve
160-178
160-178
T12
thiazolidinediones
OrganicChemical
160
178
preserve
130-148
143-148
T11
antidiabetic drugs
PharmacologicSubstance
130
148
A17
Troglitazone is the first of a new group of oral antidiabetic drugs, the thiazolidinediones, and is indicated for the treatment of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
81-287
81
287
Troglitazone is the first of a new group of oral @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ , and is indicated for the treatment of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus.
Fact
preserve
2693-2697
2693-2697
T159
with
PROCESS_OF
2,693
2,697
preserve
2698-2722
2714-2722
T154
type 2 diabetes mellitus
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,698
2,722
preserve
2684-2692
2684-2692
T153
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
2,684
2,692
A18
Nevertheless, as the first member of a new class of oral antidiabetic agents, the thiazolidinediones, troglitazone offers an effective treatment option in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through its action of improving insulin sensitivity.
2517-2781
2,517
2,781
Nevertheless, as the first member of a new class of oral antidiabetic agents, the thiazolidinediones, troglitazone offers an effective treatment option in @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ through its action of improving insulin sensitivity.
Fact
preserve
2681-2683
2681-2683
T158
in
TREATS
2,681
2,683
preserve
2625-2637
2625-2637
T150
troglitazone
OrganicChemical
2,625
2,637
preserve
2698-2722
2714-2722
T154
type 2 diabetes mellitus
DiseaseOrSyndrome
2,698
2,722
A19
Nevertheless, as the first member of a new class of oral antidiabetic agents, the thiazolidinediones, troglitazone offers an effective treatment option in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through its action of improving insulin sensitivity.
2517-2781
2,517
2,781
Nevertheless, as the first member of a new class of oral antidiabetic agents, the thiazolidinediones, @SUBJECT$ offers an effective treatment option @PREDICAT$ patients with @OBJECT$ through its action of improving insulin sensitivity.
Fact
preserve
551-553
551-553
T43
in
TREATS
551
553
preserve
510-522
510-522
T31
troglitazone
OrganicChemical
510
522
preserve
574-598
590-598
T34
type 2 diabetes mellitus
DiseaseOrSyndrome
574
598
A20
Clinical trials with troglitazone (usually 200 to 600 mg/day) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus consistently showed marked improvement in glycaemic control, as well as reductions in fasting serum insulin, C-peptide and triglyceride levels.
489-754
489
754
Clinical trials with @SUBJECT$ (usually 200 to 600 mg/day) @PREDICAT$ patients with @OBJECT$ consistently showed marked improvement in glycaemic control, as well as reductions in fasting serum insulin, C-peptide and triglyceride levels.
Fact
preserve
1875-1877
1875-1877
T122
in
TREATS
1,875
1,877
preserve
1826-1830
1826-1830
T111
drug
PharmacologicSubstance
1,826
1,830
preserve
1884-1892
1884-1892
T113
patients
PatientOrDisabledGroup
1,884
1,892
A22
The drug has been shown to improve glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus when used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin, and its efficacy is similar to that of glibenclamide or metformin.
1822-2091
1,822
2,091
The @SUBJECT$ has been shown to improve glycaemic control @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ with type 2 diabetes mellitus when used as monotherapy or in combination with other oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin, and its efficacy is similar to that of glibenclamide or metformin.
Fact
preserve
1500-1520
1513-1520
T104
troglitazone therapy
ISA
1,500
1,520
preserve
1500-1512
1500-1512
T91
troglitazone
OrganicChemical
1,500
1,512
preserve
1513-1520
1513-1520
T92
therapy
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
1,513
1,520
A23
Among patients who started troglitazone therapy in 1998 (after the incorporation of a boxed warning and increased monitoring requirements in the product labelling), the estimated risk of liver-related death is approximately 1 in 100,000.
1473-1729
1,473
1,729
Among patients who started @SUBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @OBJECT$ in 1998 (after the incorporation of a boxed warning and increased monitoring requirements in the product labelling), the estimated risk of liver-related death is approximately 1 in 100,000.
Fact
preserve
332-339
332-339
T23
markers
PREDISPOSES
332
339
preserve
288-291
288-291
T17
AFA
TherapeuticOrPreventiveProcedure
288
291
preserve
343-363
354-363
T19
rheumatoid arthritis
DiseaseOrSyndrome
343
363
A1
OBJECTIVE: Antiperinuclear factor (APF), "antikeratin antibodies" ("AKA"), and antibodies to human epidermis filaggrin (AFA), are highly specific serological markers of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which recognise epitopes on various isoforms of (pro)filaggrin.
162-439
162
439
OBJECTIVE: Antiperinuclear factor (APF), "antikeratin antibodies" ("AKA"), and antibodies to human epidermis filaggrin ( @SUBJECT$ ), are highly specific serological @PREDICAT$ of @OBJECT$ (RA), which recognise epitopes on various isoforms of (pro)filaggrin.
Fact
preserve
108-127
118-127
T10
epidermis filaggrin
PART_OF
108
127
preserve
118-127
118-127
T6
filaggrin
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
118
127
preserve
108-117
108-117
T5
epidermis
Tissue
108
117
A3
Anti-perinuclear factor compared with the so called "antikeratin" antibodies and antibodies to human epidermis filaggrin, in the diagnosis of arthritides.
0-161
0
161
Anti-perinuclear factor compared with the so called "antikeratin" antibodies and antibodies to human @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ , in the diagnosis of arthritides.
Fact
preserve
267-286
277-286
T22
epidermis filaggrin
PART_OF
267
286
preserve
277-286
277-286
T16
filaggrin
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
277
286
preserve
267-276
267-276
T15
epidermis
Tissue
267
276
A5
OBJECTIVE: Antiperinuclear factor (APF), "antikeratin antibodies" ("AKA"), and antibodies to human epidermis filaggrin (AFA), are highly specific serological markers of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which recognise epitopes on various isoforms of (pro)filaggrin.
162-439
162
439
OBJECTIVE: Antiperinuclear factor (APF), "antikeratin antibodies" ("AKA"), and antibodies to human @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ (AFA), are highly specific serological markers of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which recognise epitopes on various isoforms of (pro)filaggrin.
Fact
preserve
467-531
517-531
T27
antibodies are globally named antifilaggrin autoantibodies
ISA
467
531
preserve
517-531
517-531
T26
autoantibodies
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
517
531
preserve
467-477
467-477
T24
antibodies
AminoAcidPeptideOrProtein
467
477
A6
It was proposed that these antibodies are globally named antifilaggrin autoantibodies.
440-532
440
532
It was proposed that these @OBJECT$ @PREDICAT$ @SUBJECT$ .