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{ "ar": "ูˆู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุณู† ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุฉ ุงุณุชู†ุงุฏุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุนุฑุŒ ุฎุงุตุฉ ู„ูŠุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุณุงุจ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุชุฃุซุฑูˆู† ูุนู„ูŠุง ู…ู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุงุช.", "en": "But we can't make policy on the basis of mere feelings, especially not over the heads of the people actually effected by those policies." }
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{ "ar": "ุฅุฐุง ุชุฑูƒุฒ ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู„ุบุงุก ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุŒ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุทุงู ู†ู‚ู„ู‚ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุญูˆู„ ู…ุธู‡ุฑ ู…ุนูŠู† ู…ู† ุนุฏู… ุงู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู†ุŒ ุจุฏู„ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงู„ุถู…ู†ูŠุฉ.", "en": "If we get fixated on the abolition of sex work, we end up worrying more about a particular manifestation of gender inequality, rather than about the underlying causes." }
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{ "ar": "ูŠุชูˆู‚ู ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูƒุซูŠุฑุง ุจุดุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉุŒ \"ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ู‡ู„ ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุชู‚ูˆู… ุงุจู†ุชูƒ ุจู‡ุฐุงุŸ\"", "en": "People get really hung up on the question, \"Well, would you want your daughter doing it?\"" }
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{ "ar": "ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุฎุทุฃ.", "en": "That's the wrong question." }
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{ "ar": "ุจุฏู„ุง ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุชุฎูŠู„ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ.", "en": "Instead, imagine she is doing it." }
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{ "ar": "ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ ุจุฃู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠู„ุฉุŸ", "en": "How safe is she at work tonight?" }
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{ "ar": "ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู‡ูŠ ู„ูŠุณุช ุจุฃู…ุงู† ุฃูƒุซุฑุŸ", "en": "Why isn't she safer?" }
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{ "ar": "ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุญุซู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฌุฑูŠู… ูƒุงู…ู„ุงุŒ ุชุฌุฑูŠู… ุจุตูุฉ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉุŒ ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุฏ ุฃูˆ ู„ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูˆุงู„ุชุดุฑูŠุนุŒ ูˆูƒูŠู ุฃู†ู‡ู… ูƒู„ู‡ู… ูŠุณุจุจูˆู† ุงู„ุถุฑุฑ.", "en": "So we've looked at full criminalization, partial criminalization, the Swedish or Nordic Model and legalization, and how they all cause harm." }
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{ "ar": "ุดูŠุก ู„ู… ุฃุณู…ุนู‡ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„: \"ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ู…ุญุชุฑููˆ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุŸ\"", "en": "Something I never hear asked is: \"What do sex workers want?\"" }
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{ "ar": "ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉุŒ ู†ุญู† ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑุง ุชุถุฑุฑุง ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู†.", "en": "After all, we're the ones most affected by these laws." }
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{ "ar": "ู†ูŠูˆุฒูŠู„ุงู†ุฏุง ุฑูุนุช ุงู„ุชุฌุฑูŠู… ุนู† ุงุญุชุฑุงู ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุณู†ุฉ 2003.", "en": "New Zealand decriminalized sex work in 2003." }
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{ "ar": "ูู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ุชุฐูƒุฑ ุฃู† ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฌุฑูŠู… ูˆุงู„ุชุดุฑูŠุน ู„ุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑุงู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก.", "en": "It's crucial to remember that decriminalization and legalization are not the same thing." }
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{ "ar": "ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฌุฑูŠู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฒุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุณุชู‡ุฏู ู…ุนุงู‚ุจุฉ ุตู†ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุŒ ุจุฏู„ุง ุนู† ู…ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ุงุญุชุฑุงู ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ูƒุฃูŠ ู†ูˆุน ุขุฎุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„.", "en": "Decriminalization means the removal of laws that punitively target the sex industry, instead treating sex work much like any other kind of work." }
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{ "ar": "ููŠ ู†ูŠูˆุฒูŠู„ุงู†ุฏุงุŒ ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ู…ุนุง ู„ุถู…ุงู† ุณู„ุงู…ุชู‡ู…ุŒ ูˆู…ุญุชุฑููˆ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูˆู† ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ.", "en": "In New Zealand, people can work together for safety, and employers of sex workers are accountable to the state." }
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{ "ar": "ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู…ุญุชุฑู ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุฃู† ูŠุฑูุถ ุฑุคูŠุฉ ุฒุจูˆู† ููŠ ุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุชุŒ ู„ุฃูŠ ุณุจุจุŒ ูˆ %96 ู…ู† ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุจุงู„ุดูˆุงุฑุน ุฃุจู„ุบูˆุง ุฃู† ุฃู†ู‡ู… ูŠุดุนุฑูˆู† ุจุฃู† ุงู„ู‚ุงู†ูˆู† ูŠุญู…ูŠ ุญู‚ูˆู‚ู‡ู….", "en": "A sex worker can refuse to see a client at any time, for any reason, and 96 percent of street workers report that they feel the law protects their rights." }
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{ "ar": "ู„ู… ุชุดู‡ุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู†ูŠูˆุฒูŠู„ุงู†ุฏุง ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุณู…ุงุญ ุจุนุฏู… ุชุฌุฑูŠู…ุฉ ุฌุนู„ู‡ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฃู…ุงู†ุง.", "en": "New Zealand hasn't actually seen an increase in the amount of people doing sex work, but decriminalizing it has made it a lot safer." }
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{ "ar": "ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุนุจุฑุฉ ู…ู† ู†ูŠูˆุฒูŠู„ุงู†ุฏุง ู„ูŠุณ ูู‚ุท ุฃู† ุงู„ุชุดุฑูŠุน ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุฌูŠุฏุŒ ุฅู„ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒุชุจ ุจุงู„ุชุนุงูˆู† ู…ุน ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ุชุฌู…ุน ู…ูˆู…ุณุงุช ู†ูŠูˆุฒู„ุงู†ุฏุง .", "en": "But the lesson from New Zealand isn't just that its particular legislation is good, but that crucially, it was written in collaboration with sex workers; namely, the New Zealand Prostitutes' Collective." }
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{ "ar": "ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุจุฌุนู„ ุงุญุชุฑุงู ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุขู…ู†ุงุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ู… ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ู…ุณุชุนุฏูŠู† ู„ุณู…ุงุน ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ู† ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุฃู†ูุณู‡ู….", "en": "When it came to making sex work safer, they were ready to hear it straight from sex workers themselves." }
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{ "ar": "ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุนุถูˆุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูŠู‚ูˆุฏู‡ุง ู…ุญุชุฑููˆ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ู„ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ูˆุงู„ุฌู…ุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ .", "en": "Here in the UK, I'm part of sex worker-led groups like the Sex Worker Open University and the English Collective of Prostitutes." }
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{ "ar": "ูˆู†ุดูƒู„ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู†ุทู„ุจ ุฅู†ู‡ุงุก ุงู„ุชุฌุฑูŠู… ูˆุชู‚ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุตูŠุฑ.", "en": "And we form part of a global movement demanding decriminalization and self-determination." }
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{ "ar": "ุงู„ุฑู…ุฒ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠ ู„ุญุฑูƒุชู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ู…ุธู„ุฉ ุญู…ุฑุงุก.", "en": "The universal symbol of our movement is the red umbrella." }
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{ "ar": "ุฏุนู…ู†ุง ููŠ ู…ุทุงู„ุจู†ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู‡ูŠุฆุงุช ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌ ุงู„ุฃู…ู… ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุฅูŠุฏุฒ ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุตุญุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ุงู„ุนููˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุฉ.", "en": "We're supported in our demands by global bodies like UNAIDS, the World Health Organization and Amnesty International." }
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{ "ar": "ูˆู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญู„ูุงุก.", "en": "But we need more allies." }
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{ "ar": "ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุชู… ุชู‡ุชู…ูˆู† ุจุงู„ู…ุณุงูˆุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุฃูˆ ุงู„ู‡ุฌุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุตุญุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉุŒ ุฅุฐู† ูุฅู† ุญู‚ูˆู‚ ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุชู‡ู…ูƒู….", "en": "If you care about gender equality or poverty or migration or public health, then sex worker rights matter to you." }
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{ "ar": "ุงูุณุญูˆุง ู„ู†ุง ู…ุฌุงู„ุง ููŠ ุญุฑูƒุงุชูƒู… ุงู„ู…ุทู„ุจูŠุฉ.", "en": "Make space for us in your movements." }
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{ "ar": "ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูู‚ุท ุณู…ุงุน ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชูƒู„ู…ูˆู† ูˆู„ูƒู† ุชุถุฎูŠู… ุฃุตูˆุงุชู†ุง.", "en": "That means not only listening to sex workers when we speak but amplifying our voices." }
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{ "ar": "ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆู† ุฅุณูƒุงุชู†ุงุŒ ุฃูˆู„ุฆูƒ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ุฃู† ู…ุญุชุฑูุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ุฅู…ุง ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุถุญูŠุฉ ุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ุชุถุฑุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุจุญูŠุซ ู„ุง ุชุนุฑู ู…ุงู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃูุถู„ ู„ู‡ุงุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ุญุธูˆุธุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูˆุจุนูŠุฏู‡ ุฌุฏุง ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ู„ุง ุชู…ุซู„ ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุถุญุงูŠุง ุจู„ุง ุตูˆุช.", "en": "Resist those who silence us, those who say that a prostitute is either too victimized, too damaged to know what's best for herself, or else too privileged and too removed from real hardship, not representative of the millions of voiceless victims." }
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{ "ar": "ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชู…ูŠูŠุฒ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุถุญุงูŠุง ูˆุฃุตุญุงุจ ุงู„ุณู„ุทุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ.", "en": "This distinction between victim and empowered is imaginary." }
2,506
174
{ "ar": "ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูู‚ุท ู„ุชุดูˆูŠู‡ ุณู…ุนุฉ ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ูˆุฌุนู„ ุชุฌุงู‡ู„ู†ุง ุณู‡ู„ุง.", "en": "It exists purely to discredit sex workers and make it easy to ignore us." }
2,506
175
{ "ar": "ู„ุง ุดูƒ ุฃู† ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู†ูƒู… ูŠุนู…ู„ ู…ู† ุฃุฌู„ ุงู„ุนูŠุด.", "en": "No doubt many of you work for a living." }
2,506
176
{ "ar": "ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ู‡ูˆ ุนู…ู„ุŒ ุฃูŠุถุง.", "en": "Well, sex work is work, too." }
2,506
177
{ "ar": "ู…ุซู„ูƒ ุชู…ุงู…ุงุŒ ุงู„ุจุนุถ ู…ู†ุง ูŠุญุจ ุนู…ู„ู‡ุŒ ุงู„ุจุนุถ ู…ู†ุง ูŠูƒุฑู‡ู‡.", "en": "Just like you, some of us like our jobs, some of us hate them." }
2,506
178
{ "ar": "ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุทุงูุŒ ู…ุนุธู…ู†ุง ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ู…ุดุงุนุฑ ู…ุฎุชู„ุทุฉ.", "en": "Ultimately, most of us have mixed feelings." }
2,506
179
{ "ar": "ูˆู„ูƒู† ูƒูŠู ู†ุดุนุฑ ุญูˆู„ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ู„ูŠุณ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ.", "en": "But how we feel about our work isn't the point." }
2,506
180
{ "ar": "ูˆูƒูŠู ูŠุดุนุฑ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูˆู† ุญูˆู„ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ู„ูŠุณ ู‡ูˆุงู„ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ุฃูŠุถุง.", "en": "And how others feel about our work certainly isn't." }
2,506
181
{ "ar": "ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุชู…ุชุน ุจุญู‚ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุจุฃู…ุงู† ูˆูˆูู‚ุง ู„ุดุฑูˆุทู†ุง.", "en": "What's important is that we have the right to work safely and on our own terms." }
2,506
182
{ "ar": "ู…ุญุชุฑููˆ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ู‡ู… ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูˆู†.", "en": "Sex workers are real people." }
2,506
183
{ "ar": "ู„ู‚ุฏ ุนุดู†ุง ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ู…ุนู‚ุฏุฉ ูˆุฑุฏูˆุฏ ุฃูุนุงู„ ู…ุนู‚ุฏุฉ ู„ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ.", "en": "We've had complicated experiences and complicated responses to those experiences." }
2,506
184
{ "ar": "ู„ูƒู† ู…ุทุงู„ุจู†ุง ู„ูŠุณุช ู…ุนู‚ุฏุฉ.", "en": "But our demands are not complicated." }
2,506
185
{ "ar": "ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุณุฃู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูู‚ุงุช ุนุงู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุชูƒู„ูุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฏูŠู†ุฉ ู†ูŠูˆูŠูˆุฑูƒุŒ ุนู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฎูŠุฑ ููŠ ูƒู…ุจูˆุฏูŠุงุŒ ูˆุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุดูˆุงุฑุน ููŠ ุฌู†ูˆุจ ุฅูุฑูŠู‚ูŠุง ูˆูƒู„ ูุชุงุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฆู…ุฉ ููŠ ูˆุธูŠูุชูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ ููŠ ุณูˆู‡ูˆุŒ ูˆุณูˆู ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ู„ูƒู… ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู… ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู†ูุณู‡ุŒ", "en": "You can ask expensive escorts in New York City, brothel workers in Cambodia, street workers in South Africa and every girl on the roster at my old job in Soho, and they will all tell you the same thing." }
2,506
186
{ "ar": "ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูƒู… ุงู„ุชูƒู„ู… ู…ุน ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ู…ุญุชุฑููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ูˆุนุฏุฏ ู„ุง ูŠุญุตู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุธู…ุงุช ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆุฏู‡ุง ู…ุญุชุฑููˆ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ.", "en": "You can speak to millions of sex workers and countless sex work-led organizations." }
2,506
187
{ "ar": "ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุฅู„ุบุงุก ุงู„ุชุฌุฑูŠู… ุจุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ ูˆุญู‚ูˆู‚ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ูƒุนุงู…ู„ูŠู†.", "en": "We want full decriminalization and labor rights as workers." }
2,506
188
{ "ar": "ุฃู†ุง ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุญุชุฑูุฉ ุฌู†ุณ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู†ุตุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ุฃุญู…ู„ ุฑุณุงู„ุฉ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู….", "en": "I'm just one sex worker on the stage today, but I'm bringing a message from all over the world." }
2,506
189
{ "ar": "ุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูƒู….", "en": "Thank you." }
2,510
0
{ "ar": "ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุณุฌู„ุงุช ุชุงุฑูŠุฎูŠุฉ ุชุณู…ุญ ู„ู†ุง ุจู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ูŠุฑุชุฏูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฅุบุฑูŠู‚ุŒ ูˆูƒูŠู ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุนูŠุดูˆู†ุŒ ูˆูƒูŠู ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠู‚ุงุชู„ูˆู†...", "en": "We have historical records that allow us to know how the ancient Greeks dressed, how they lived, how they fought ..." }
2,510
1
{ "ar": "ูˆู„ูƒู† ูƒูŠู ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠููƒุฑูˆู†ุŸ", "en": "but how did they think?" }
2,510
2
{ "ar": "ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุฃููƒุงุฑ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃุนู…ู‚ ุฌูˆุงู†ุจ ุงู„ููƒุฑ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ูŠ -- ู‚ุฏุฑุชู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุฎูŠู„ุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏุฑุชู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุฏุฑุงูƒุŒ ู‚ุฏุฑุชู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุญู„ู… -- ูƒุงู†ุช ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ู…ุชุดุงุจู‡ุฉ.", "en": "One natural idea is that the deepest aspects of human thought -- our ability to imagine, to be conscious, to dream -- have always been the same." }
2,510
3
{ "ar": "ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุขุฎุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ุงู„ุชุญูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุดูƒู„ุช ุซู‚ุงูุชู†ุง ู‚ุงู…ุช ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ุจุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุฏุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ููƒุฑ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ูŠ.", "en": "Another possibility is that the social transformations that have shaped our culture may have also changed the structural columns of human thought." }
2,510
4
{ "ar": "ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฌู…ูŠุนุงู‹ ุขุฑุงุก ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน.", "en": "We may all have different opinions about this." }
2,510
5
{ "ar": "ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุนุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ู†ู‚ุงุด ูู„ุณููŠ ุทูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฏ.", "en": "Actually, it's a long-standing philosophical debate." }
2,510
6
{ "ar": "ู‡ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‚ุงุจู„ ู„ู„ู†ู‚ุงุด ูˆุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠุŸ", "en": "But is this question even amenable to science?" }
2,510
7
{ "ar": "ู‡ู†ุง ุฃูˆุฏ ุฃู† ุฃู‚ุชุฑุญ ุฃู†ู‡ ูˆุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู…ูƒู†ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ู…ุฏู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ ุจุงู„ุงุณุชู†ุงุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุนุฏุฏ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทูˆุจ ูู‚ุทุŒ ูุฅู† ูƒุชุงุจุงุช ุงู„ุญุถุงุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุณุฌู„ุงุช ุฃุซุฑูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุฃุญุงููŠุฑุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ููƒุฑ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ูŠ.", "en": "Here I'd like to propose that in the same way we can reconstruct how the ancient Greek cities looked just based on a few bricks, that the writings of a culture are the archaeological records, the fossils, of human thought." }
2,510
8
{ "ar": "ูˆููŠ ูˆุงู‚ุน ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุŒ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ู† ุฃุดูƒุงู„ ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู†ูุณูŠ ู„ุจุนุถ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูƒุชุจ ุงู„ุซู‚ุงูุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‚ุฏู…ุงู‹ุŒ ุฌุงุก \"ุฌูˆู„ูŠุงู† ุฌุงูŠู†ูŠุณ\" ููŠ ุงู„ุณุจุนูŠู†ุงุช ุจูุฑุถูŠุฉ ุฌุงู…ุญุฉ ูˆุฌุฐุฑูŠุฉ ุฌุฏุง: ุฃู†ู‡ ู‚ุจู„ 3000ุณู†ุฉ ูู‚ุทุŒ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ู…ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุจู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ูุตุงู….", "en": "And in fact, doing some form of psychological analysis of some of the most ancient books of human culture, Julian Jaynes came up in the '70s with a very wild and radical hypothesis: that only 3,000 years ago, humans were what today we would call schizophrenics." }
2,510
9
{ "ar": "ูˆู‚ุฏู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุฏุนุงุก ุงุณุชู†ุงุฏุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃู† ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ุจุดุฑ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชู… ูˆุตูู‡ู… ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุชุชุตุฑู ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ู…ุชู†ุงุณู‚ุŒ ููŠ ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฏ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆููŠ ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุณู…ุนูˆู† ูˆูŠุทูŠุนูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุตูˆุงุช ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒุงู† ุจุงุนุชู‚ุงุฏู‡ู… ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุขู„ู‡ุฉุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠ...", "en": "And he made this claim based on the fact that the first humans described in these books behaved consistently, in different traditions and in different places of the world, as if they were hearing and obeying voices that they perceived as coming from the Gods, or from the muses ..." }
2,510
10
{ "ar": "ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ู†ุทู„ู‚ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู…ุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ู„ูˆุณุฉ.", "en": "what today we would call hallucinations." }
2,510
11
{ "ar": "ูˆุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ูู‚ุทุŒ ูˆู…ุน ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ ุจุฏุฃูˆุง ุจุงู„ุงุนุชุฑุงู ุฃู†ู‡ู… ู‡ู… ุฃุตุญุงุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุตูˆุงุช ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ.", "en": "And only then, as time went on, they began to recognize that they were the creators, the owners of these inner voices." }
2,510
12
{ "ar": "ูˆู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุนุชุฑุงูุŒ ุงูƒุชุณุจูˆุง ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ: ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชููƒูŠุฑ ููŠ ุฃููƒุงุฑู‡ู… ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ.", "en": "And with this, they gained introspection: the ability to think about their own thoughts." }
2,510
13
{ "ar": "ุชุดุฑุญ ู†ุธุฑูŠุฉ \"ุฌุงูŠู†ูŠุณ\" ุฃู† ุงู„ูˆุนูŠุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ู†ุธุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ุญูŠุซ ู†ุดุนุฑ ุจุฃู†ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุชุญูƒู…ูŠู† ุจูˆุฌูˆุฏู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุชู†ู…ูŠุฉ ุซู‚ุงููŠุฉ ุญุฏูŠุซุฉ.", "en": "So Jaynes's theory is that consciousness, at least in the way we perceive it today, where we feel that we are the pilots of our own existence -- is a quite recent cultural development." }
2,510
14
{ "ar": "ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑูŠุฉ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ุฌุฏุงุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจู†ูŠุช ุนู„ู‰ ุนุฏุฏ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุญุฏุฏุฉ ุฌุฏุง.", "en": "And this theory is quite spectacular, but it has an obvious problem which is that it's built on just a few and very specific examples." }
2,510
15
{ "ar": "ู„ุฐุง ูุฅู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู†ุธุฑูŠุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูˆุฌุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูู‚ุท ู…ู†ุฐ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 3000 ุณู†ุฉ ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ูุญุต ุจุทุฑู‚ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูˆู…ูˆุถูˆุนูŠุฉ.", "en": "So the question is whether the theory that introspection built up in human history only about 3,000 years ago can be examined in a quantitative and objective manner." }
2,510
16
{ "ar": "ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุญูˆู„ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุง.", "en": "And the problem of how to go about this is quite obvious." }
2,510
17
{ "ar": "ู‡ูŠ ู„ูŠุณุช ูˆูƒุฃู† ุฃูู„ุงุทูˆู† ุงุณุชูŠู‚ุธ ููŠ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูˆู‚ุงู… ุจูƒุชุงุจุฉุŒ \"ู…ุฑุญุจุงุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุฃูู„ุงุทูˆู†ุŒ ูˆุงุนุชุจุงุฑุง ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ู„ุฏูŠ ูˆุนูŠ ุงู„ุงุณุชู‚ุฑุงุก ุงู„ุชุงู… \".", "en": "It's not like Plato woke up one day and then he wrote, \"Hello, I'm Plato, and as of today, I have a fully introspective consciousness.\"" }
2,510
18
{ "ar": "ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุฎุจุฑู†ุง ุนู† ุฌูˆู‡ุฑ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ.", "en": "And this tells us actually what is the essence of the problem." }
2,510
19
{ "ar": "ู†ุญู† ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ู„ุนุซูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุธู‡ูˆุฑ ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ู„ู… ูŠู‚ู… ุฃุญุฏ ุจุฐูƒุฑู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุทู„ุงู‚.", "en": "We need to find the emergence of a concept that's never said." }
2,510
20
{ "ar": "ู„ู… ุชุธู‡ุฑ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ูˆู„ุง ู„ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุชุญู„ูŠู„ู‡ุง.", "en": "The word introspection does not appear a single time in the books we want to analyze." }
2,510
21
{ "ar": "ุงู„ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ู„ุญู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุงุก ูุถุงุก ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช.", "en": "So our way to solve this is to build the space of words." }
2,510
22
{ "ar": "ูˆู‡ูŠ ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ุถุฎู…ุฉ ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุจูŠู† ุฃูŠ ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู†ุŒ ุฏู„ูŠู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ูˆุซูŠู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุง.", "en": "This is a huge space that contains all words in such a way that the distance between any two of them is indicative of how closely related they are." }
2,510
23
{ "ar": "ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ุชุฑูŠุฏ ู„ู„ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† \"ุงู„ูƒู„ุจ\" ูˆ\"ุงู„ู‚ุท\" ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ุฑูŠุจุฉ ุฌุฏุง ู…ู† ุจุนุถู‡ุงุŒ ูˆูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† \"ุงู„ุฌุฑูŠุจ ูุฑูˆุช\" ูˆ \"ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…\" ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู†ุง ุจุนูŠุฏุชูŠู† ุฌุฏุง.", "en": "So for instance, you want the words \"dog\" and \"cat\" to be very close together, but the words \"grapefruit\" and \"logarithm\" to be very far away." }
2,510
24
{ "ar": "ูˆูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุฑุจุท ู‡ุฐุง ุตุญูŠุญุง ู„ุฃูŠ ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ูุถุงุก ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช.", "en": "And this has to be true for any two words within the space." }
2,510
25
{ "ar": "ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุทุฑู‚ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู†ุชู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุจู†ุงุก ูุถุงุก ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช.", "en": "And there are different ways that we can construct the space of words." }
2,510
26
{ "ar": "ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงุณุชุนุงู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฎุจุฑุงุกุŒ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ูƒู…ุง ู†ูุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู…ูŠุณ.", "en": "One is just asking the experts, a bit like we do with dictionaries." }
2,510
27
{ "ar": "ูˆุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุงุชุจุงุน ุงูุชุฑุงุถ ุจุณูŠุท ูˆู‡ูˆ ุนู†ุฏ ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู†ุŒ ูุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชู…ูŠู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุชุธู‡ุฑ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุŒ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุงุชุŒ ูˆููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆุซุงุฆู‚ุŒ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู…ุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุชูˆู‚ุน ุญุฏูˆุซู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุตุฏูุฉ.", "en": "Another possibility is following the simple assumption that when two words are related, they tend to appear in the same sentences, in the same paragraphs, in the same documents, more often than would be expected just by pure chance." }
2,510
28
{ "ar": "ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุฑุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุณูŠุทุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุจุณูŠุทุฉุŒ ูˆู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญูŠู„ ุงู„ุญุณุงุจูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุถุงุก ู…ุชุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฃุจุนุงุฏ ูˆู…ุนู‚ุฏ ุฌุฏุงุŒ ุชุจูŠู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง ูุนุงู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ.", "en": "And this simple hypothesis, this simple method, with some computational tricks that have to do with the fact that this is a very complex and high-dimensional space, turns out to be quite effective." }
2,510
29
{ "ar": "ูˆูู‚ุท ู„ุฅุนุทุงุฆูƒู… ู†ูƒู‡ุฉ ุนู† ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ู„ุฅูŠุฌุงุฏ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฃู„ูˆูุฉ.", "en": "And just to give you a flavor of how well this works, this is the result we get when we analyze this for some familiar words." }
2,510
30
{ "ar": "ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุงู† ุชุฑู‰ ุฃูˆู„ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุชู†ุธู… ุชู„ู‚ุงุฆูŠุง ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ู‡ูŠุงูƒู„ ุฏู„ุงู„ูŠุฉ.", "en": "And you can see first that words automatically organize into semantic neighborhoods." }
2,510
31
{ "ar": "ุชุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆุงูƒู‡ุŒ ูˆุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ูˆุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ูƒู…ุจูŠูˆุชุฑุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญุงุช ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุฅู„ู‰ ุขุฎุฑู‡.", "en": "So you get the fruits, the body parts, the computer parts, the scientific terms and so on." }
2,510
32
{ "ar": "ูˆุชุญุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฎูˆุงุฑุฒู…ูŠุฉ ุฃูŠุถุง ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุชู†ุธูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูุงู‡ูŠู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ุณู„ุงุณู„ ู‡ุฑู…ูŠุฉ.", "en": "The algorithm also identifies that we organize concepts in a hierarchy." }
2,510
33
{ "ar": "ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชุฑู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญุงุช ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุชุชูุฑุน ููŠ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ูุฆุงุช ุงู„ูุฑุนูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุนู„ู… ุงู„ูู„ูƒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญุงุช ุงู„ููŠุฒูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ.", "en": "So for instance, you can see that the scientific terms break down into two subcategories of the astronomic and the physics terms." }
2,510
34
{ "ar": "ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฌุฏุง.", "en": "And then there are very fine things." }
2,510
35
{ "ar": "ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุนู„ู… ุงู„ูู„ูƒุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ุบุฑูŠุจุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุดูŠุกุŒ ู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุญูŠุซ ุชู†ุจุบูŠ ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุจุงู„ุถุจุทุŒ ุจูŠู† ุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุง ูƒูƒู„ู…ุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู„ูˆู… ุงู„ูุนู„ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุจูŠู† ู…ุง ุชุตูู‡ุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญุงุช ุงู„ูู„ูƒูŠุฉ.", "en": "For instance, the word astronomy, which seems a bit bizarre where it is, is actually exactly where it should be, between what it is, an actual science, and between what it describes, the astronomical terms." }
2,510
36
{ "ar": "ูˆูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุฑุงุช ุนุฏุฉ.", "en": "And we could go on and on with this." }
2,510
37
{ "ar": "ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุนุŒ ุฅุฐุง ู‚ู…ุชู… ุจุงู„ุชู…ุนู† ู„ูุชุฑุฉ ูˆุฌูŠุฒุฉุŒ ูˆู‚ู…ุชู… ุจุจู†ุงุก ู…ุณุงุฑุงุช ุนุดูˆุงุฆูŠุฉุŒ ุณุชุดุนุฑูˆู† ุญูŠู†ู‡ุง ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ ู†ุธู… ู„ู„ุดุนุฑ.", "en": "Actually, if you stare at this for a while, and you just build random trajectories, you will see that it actually feels a bit like doing poetry." }
2,510
38
{ "ar": "ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุณูŠุฑุŒ ูˆุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุงุŒ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุถุงุก ู‡ูˆ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู‚ู„.", "en": "And this is because, in a way, walking in this space is like walking in the mind." }
2,510
39
{ "ar": "ูˆุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠุก ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎูˆุงุฑุฒู…ูŠุฉ ุชุญุฏุฏ ุฃูŠุถุง ุญุฏุณู†ุงุŒ ุนู† ู‡ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ูˆุฌุจ ูˆุฌูˆุฏู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุฏู„ุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ุชุงุจุน ู„ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„.", "en": "And the last thing is that this algorithm also identifies what are our intuitions, of which words should lead in the neighborhood of introspection." }
2,510
40
{ "ar": "ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู…ุซู„ \"ุงู„ุฐุงุช\"ุŒ \"ุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุฐู†ุจ\" \"ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚\"ุŒ \"ุงู„ู…ุดุงุนุฑุŒ\" ู‡ูŠ ู‚ุฑูŠุจุฉ ุฌุฏุงู‹ ู…ู† \"ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠุŒ\" ูˆู„ูƒู† ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ู…ุซู„ \"ุฃุญู…ุฑ\"ุŒ \"ูƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุฏู…\" \"ุดู…ุนุฉ\"ุŒ \"ุงู„ู…ูˆุฒุŒ\" ู‡ูŠ ุจุนูŠุฏุฉ ุฌุฏุง.", "en": "So for instance, words such as \"self,\" \"guilt,\" \"reason,\" \"emotion,\" are very close to \"introspection,\" but other words, such as \"red,\" \"football,\" \"candle,\" \"banana,\" are just very far away." }
2,510
41
{ "ar": "ูˆุจู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู‚ูŠุงู…ู†ุง ุจุจู†ุงุก ูุถุงุก ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุชุŒ ูุฅู† ุงู„ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎูŠุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠุŒ ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎูŠุฉ ุงุฎุฑู‰ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุฃูŠ ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุจุฏุช ู…ุฌุฑุฏุฉ ูˆุบุงู…ุถุฉ ู†ูˆุนุง ู…ุงุŒ ุชุตุจุญ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ-- ูˆุชุตุจุญ ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ูˆุงู„ุชูุณูŠุฑ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆู… ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ.", "en": "And so once we've built the space, the question of the history of introspection, or of the history of any concept which before could seem abstract and somehow vague, becomes concrete -- becomes amenable to quantitative science." }
2,510
42
{ "ar": "ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ูƒุชุจุŒ ูˆุชุญูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง ู„ูƒุชุจ ุฑู‚ู…ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู†ุฃุฎุฐ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูŠุงุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ูŠุฆุฉ ู…ุณุงุฑ ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุฅุณู‚ุงุทู‡ ุฏุงุฎู„ ูุถุงุก ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุชุŒ ุซู… ู†ุณุฃู„ ู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ู‚ุถู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฑ ูˆู‚ุชุง ุทูˆูŠู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุงู† ูˆุจุดูƒู„ ูˆุซูŠู‚ ุญูˆู„ ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ.", "en": "All that we have to do is take the books, we digitize them, and we take this stream of words as a trajectory and project them into the space, and then we ask whether this trajectory spends significant time circling closely to the concept of introspection." }
2,510
43
{ "ar": "ูˆู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ู†ุณุชุทูŠุน ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฃูุถู„ ุงู„ุณุฌู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ูƒุชูˆุจ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชุงุญุฉ ุนู†ู‡.", "en": "And with this, we could analyze the history of introspection in the ancient Greek tradition, for which we have the best available written record." }
2,510
44
{ "ar": "ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูุนู„ู†ุงู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู†ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ-- ูˆู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ุง ุญุณุจ ุงู„ุชุณู„ุณู„ ุงู„ุฒู…ู†ูŠ-- ู†ุฃุฎุฐ ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ูƒู„ ูƒุชุงุจ ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุฅุณู‚ุงุทู‡ู… ุฏุงุฎู„ ูุถุงุก ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุชุŒ ุซู… ู†ุณุฃู„ ุนู† ู…ุฏู‰ ู‚ุฑุจ ูƒู„ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ู…ู† ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠุŒ ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุฅูŠุฌุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุณุท.", "en": "So what we did is we took all the books -- we just ordered them by time -- for each book we take the words and we project them to the space, and then we ask for each word how close it is to introspection, and we just average that." }
2,510
45
{ "ar": "ุซู… ู†ุณุฃู„ ู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุŒ ูˆู…ุน ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ ุชู‚ูˆู… ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุจุงู„ุงู‚ุชุฑุงุจ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ.", "en": "And then we ask whether, as time goes on and on, these books get closer, and closer and closer to the concept of introspection." }
2,510
46
{ "ar": "ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ู…ุง ุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ูŠูˆู†ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ.", "en": "And this is exactly what happens in the ancient Greek tradition." }
2,510
47
{ "ar": "ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒู… ุฑุคูŠุฉ ุฃู† ููŠ ุฃู‚ุฏู… ูƒุชุจ ุงู„ุชู‚ู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฅุบุฑูŠู‚ูŠ ู‡ูˆู…ูŠุฑูˆุณุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุชู‚ุชุฑุจ ู…ู† ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ.", "en": "So you can see that for the oldest books in the Homeric tradition, there is a small increase with books getting closer to introspection." }
2,510
48
{ "ar": "ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‚ุจู„ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู‚ุฑูˆู† ู…ู† ู…ูŠู„ุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญุŒ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุชุฒุงูŠุฏ ูˆุจุณุฑุนุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ูˆุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุงุฑุจ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุฃุถุนุงู ููŠ ูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุชู‚ุชุฑุจ ู…ู† ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ.", "en": "But about four centuries before Christ, this starts ramping up very rapidly to an almost five-fold increase of books getting closer, and closer and closer to the concept of introspection." }
2,510
49
{ "ar": "ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู† ู†ุณุฃู„ ู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุญุงู„ ุฃูŠุถุง ููŠ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ู„ุฉ.", "en": "And one of the nice things about this is that now we can ask whether this is also true in a different, independent tradition." }
2,510
50
{ "ar": "ู‚ู…ู†ุง ุจุฅุฌุฑุงุก ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ู†ูุณู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ูŠู‡ูˆุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู†ู…ุท ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง.", "en": "So we just ran this same analysis on the Judeo-Christian tradition, and we got virtually the same pattern." }
2,510
51
{ "ar": "ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ุชุฑู‰ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุทููŠูุฉ ู„ุฃู‚ุฏู… ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู‡ุฏ ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุชุฒูŠุฏ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู‡ุฏ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏ.", "en": "Again, you see a small increase for the oldest books in the Old Testament, and then it increases much more rapidly in the new books of the New Testament." }
2,510
52
{ "ar": "ูˆู…ู† ุซู… ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐุฑูˆุฉ ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ ููŠ \"ุงุนุชุฑุงูุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠุณ ุฃูˆุบุณุทูŠู†ุŒ\" ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู‚ุฑูˆู† ุจุนุฏ ู…ูŠู„ุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญ.", "en": "And then we get the peak of introspection in \"The Confessions of Saint Augustine,\" about four centuries after Christ." }
2,510
53
{ "ar": "ูˆูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‡ู…ุง ุฌุฏุงุŒ ู„ุฃู† \"ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠุณ ุฃูˆุบุณุทูŠู†\" ุชู… ุงู„ุงุนุชุฑุงู ุจู‡ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุกุŒ ุงู„ู„ุบูˆูŠูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู…ุคุฑุฎูŠู†ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุนุชุจุงุฑู‡ ุฃุญุฏ ู…ุคุณุณูŠ ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ุงู„ุชุฃู…ู„ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ.", "en": "And this was very important, because Saint Augustine had been recognized by scholars, philologists, historians, as one of the founders of introspection." }
2,510
54
{ "ar": "ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุนุŒ ูŠุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุจุนุถ ุฃู† \"ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠุณ ุฃูˆุบุณุทูŠู†\" ู‡ูˆ ู…ู†ุดุฃ ุนู„ู… ุงู„ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ.", "en": "Actually, some believe him to be the father of modern psychology." }
2,510
55
{ "ar": "ูุฅู† ุฎูˆุงุฑุฒู…ูŠุชู†ุงุŒ ูˆุงุณุชู†ุงุฏุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ูƒูˆู†ู‡ุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู…ูˆุถูˆุนูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุทุจุน ู…ู† ูƒูˆู†ู‡ุง ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฃูŠุถุงู‹-- ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุฅุชู…ุงู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุญูˆุณุจุฉ ุจุฃุฌุฒุงุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ-- ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู‡ุง ุฃู† ุชู„ุชู‚ุท ุจุนุถ ู…ู† ุฃู‡ู… ุงุณุชู†ุชุงุฌุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฏ ุงู„ุนุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚.", "en": "So our algorithm, which has the virtue of being quantitative, of being objective, and of course of being extremely fast -- it just runs in a fraction of a second -- can capture some of the most important conclusions of this long tradition of investigation." }