Datasets:

igorwang

/

citecls

like 0

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Lee et al. ( 2012 ) model entity coreference and event coreference jointly ; Durrett and Klein ( 2014 ) consider joint coreference and entity-linking . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: However , learning-based resolvers have not been able to benefit from having an SC agreement feature , presumably because the method used to compute the SC of an NP is too simplistic : while the SC of a proper name is computed fairly accurately using a named entity ( NE ) recognizer , many resolvers simply assign to a common noun the first ( i.e. , most frequent ) WordNet sense as its SC ( e.g. , Soon et al. ( 2001 ) , Markert and Nissim ( 2005 ) ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: This includes work on generalized expectation ( Mann and McCallum , 2010 ) , posterior regularization ( Ganchev et al. , 2010 ) and constraint driven learning ( Chang et al. , 2007 ; Chang et al. , 2010 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: The final machine is a trigram language model , specifically a Kneser-Ney ( Chen and Goodman , 1998 ) based backoff language model . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: Hovy has described another text planner that builds similar plans ( Hovy 1988b ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: In particular , since we treat each individual speech within a debate as a single `` document '' , we are considering a version of document-level sentiment-polarity classification , namely , automatically distinguishing between positive and negative documents ( Das and Chen , 2001 ; Pang et al. , 2002 ; Turney , 2002 ; Dave et al. , 2003 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: transition-based dependency parsing framework ( Nivre , 2008 ) using an arc-eager transition strategy and are trained using the perceptron algorithm as in Zhang and Clark ( 2008 ) with a beam size of 8 . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: Just as easily , we can model link types that coincide with entries in an on-line bilingual dictionary separately from those that do not ( cfXXX Brown et al. 1993 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: As an alternative , we rely on PubMed to retrieve an initial set of hits that we then postprocess in greater detail -- this is the standard pipeline architecture commonly employed in other question-answering systems ( Voorhees and Tice 1999 ; Hirschman and Gaizauskas 2001 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: ( Och and Ney , 2002 ; Blunsom et al. , 2008 ) used maximum likelihood estimation to learn weights for MT. ( Och , 2003 ; Moore and Quirk , 2008 ; Zhao and Chen , 2009 ; Galley and Quirk , 2011 ) employed an evaluation metric as a loss function and directly optimized it . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: We also compare the results with the output generated by the statistical translation system GIZA + + / ISI ReWrite Decoder ( AlOnaizan et al. , 1999 ; Och and Ney , 2000 ; Germann et al. , 2001 ) , trained on the same parallel corpus . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Some efforts have tackled tasks such as automatic image caption generation ( Feng and Lapata , 2010a ; Ordonez et al. , 2011 ) , text illustration ( Joshi et al. , 2006 ) , or automatic location identification of Twitter users ( Eisenstein et al. , 2010 ; Wing and Baldridge , 2011 ; Roller et al. , 2012 ) . Intent:

continuation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: method Text: Since we are not generating from the model , this does not introduce difficulties ( Klein and Manning , 2002 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: The extraction procedure consists of three steps : First , the bracketing of the trees in the Penn Treebank is corrected and extended based on the approaches of Magerman ( 1994 ) and Collins ( 1997 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: As they are required to enable test subjects to distinguish between senses , we use artificial glosses composed from synonyms and hypernyms as a surrogate , e.g. for brother : `` brother , male sibling '' vs. `` brother , comrade , friend '' ( Gurevych , 2005 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Over the last decade there has been a lot of interest in developing tutorial dialogue systems that understand student explanations ( Jordan et al. , 2006 ; Graesser et al. , 1999 ; Aleven et al. , 2001 ; Buckley and Wolska , 2007 ; Nielsen et al. , 2008 ; VanLehn et al. , 2007 ) , because high percentages of selfexplanation and student contentful talk are known to be correlated with better learning in humanhuman tutoring ( Chi et al. , 1994 ; Litman et al. , 2009 ; Purandare and Litman , 2008 ; Steinhauser et al. , 2007 ) . Intent:

continuation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: method Text: Dalrymple ( 2001 ) argues that there are cases , albeit exceptional ones , in which constraints on syntactic category are an issue in subcategorization . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: Corpus frequency : ( Vosse , 1992 ) differentiates between misspellings and neologisms ( new words ) in terms of their frequency . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: We use an in-house developed hierarchical phrase-based translation ( Chiang , 2005 ) as our baseline system , and we denote it as In-Hiero . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: The types of sentences accepted are essentially those accepted by the original NLC grammar , imperative sentences with nested noun groups and conjunctions ( Ballard 1979 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: The task we used to compare different generalisation techniques is similar to that used by Pereira et al. ( 1993 ) and Rooth et al. ( 1999 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: One of the proposed methods to extract paraphrases relies on a pivot-based approach using phrase alignments in a bilingual parallel corpus ( Bannard and Callison-Burch , 2005 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: The Nash arbitration plan , for example , would allow a doubly graded description whenever the product of the Values for the referent r exceeds that of all distractors ( Nash 1950 ; cfXXX Gorniak and Roy 2003 ; Thorisson 1994 , for other plans ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Turney ( 2001 ) extracts word co-occurrence probabilities from unlabelled text collected from a web crawler . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Notable early papers on graph-based semisupervised learning include Blum and Chawla ( 2001 ) , Bansal et al. ( 2002 ) , Kondor and Lafferty ( 2002 ) , and Joachims ( 2003 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Due to this inherent ambiguity , manual annotations usually distinguish between sure correspondences for unambiguous translations , and possible , for ambiguous translations ( Och and Ney 2003 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: Thus for instance , ( Copestake and Flickinger , 2000 ; Copestake et al. , 2001 ) describes a Head Driven Phrase Structure Grammar ( HPSG ) which supports the parallel construction of a phrase structure ( or derived ) tree and of a semantic representation and ( Dalrymple , 1999 ) show how to equip Lexical Functional grammar ( LFG ) with a glue semantics . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: The contextual interpreter then uses a reference resolution approach similar to Byron ( 2002 ) , and an ontology mapping mechanism ( Dzikovska et al. , 2008a ) to produce a domain-specific semantic representation of the student 's output . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: only the available five relative scopings of the quantifiers are produced ( Hobbs and Shieber 1987 , 47 ) , but without the need for a free variable constraint -- the HOU algorithm will not produce any solutions in which a previously bound variable becomes free ; • the equivalences are reversible , and thus the above sentences cart be generated from scoped logical forms ; • partial scopings are permitted ( see Reyle [ 19961 ) • scoping can be freely interleaved with other types of reference resolution ; • unscoped or partially scoped forms are available for inference or for generation at every stage . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: In the transducers produced by the training method described in this paper , the source and target positions are in the set -LCB- -1 , 0,1 -RCB- , though we have also used handcoded transducers ( Alshawi and Xia 1997 ) and automatically trained transducers ( Alshawi and Douglas 2000 ) with a larger range of positions . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Similar approaches are being explored for parsing ( Steedman , Hwa , et al. 2003 ; Hwa et al. 2003 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: In particular , since we treat each individual speech within a debate as a single `` document '' , we are considering a version of document-level sentiment-polarity classification , namely , automatically distinguishing between positive and negative documents ( Das and Chen , 2001 ; Pang et al. , 2002 ; Turney , 2002 ; Dave et al. , 2003 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: would be chunked as follows ( Tjong Kim Sang and Buchholz , 2000 ) : [ NP He ] [ VP reckons ] [ NP the current account deficit ] [ VP will narrow ] [ PP Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: conclusion Text: The flexible architecture we have presented enables interesting future research : ( i ) a straightforward improvement is the use of lexical similarity to reduce data sparseness , e.g. ( Basili et al. , 2005 ; Basili et al. , 2006 ; Bloehdorn et al. , 2006 ) . Intent:

future

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: 5An alternative strategy to step ( 4 ) is to perform a database lookup based on the ambiguous query and summarize the results ( Litman et al. , 1998 ) , which we leave for future work . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Such approaches have been tried recently in restricted cases ( McCallum et al. , 2000 ; Eisner , 2001b ; Lafferty et al. , 2001 ) . Intent:

motivation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Typed feature grammars can be used as the basis for implementations of Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar ( HPSG ; Pollard and Sag , 1994 ) as discussed in ( Gotz and Meurers , 1997a ) and ( Meurers and Minnen , 1997 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: It is therefore no surprise that early attempts at response automation were knowledge-driven ( Barr and Tessler 1995 ; Watson 1997 ; Delic and Lahaix 1998 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: A more subtle example is weighted FSAs that approximate PCFGs ( Nederhof , 2000 ; Mohri and Nederhof , 2001 ) , or to extend the idea , weighted FSTs that approximate joint or conditional synchronous PCFGs built for translation . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: ones , DIRT ( Lin and Pantel , 2001 ) , VerbOcean ( Chklovski and Pantel , 2004 ) , FrameNet ( Baker et al. , 1998 ) , and Wikipedia ( Mehdad et al. , 2010 ; Kouylekov et al. , 2009 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: The Ruby on Rails ( 2006 ) framework permits us to quickly develop web applications without rewriting common functions and classes . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: We further add rules for combining with punctuation to the left and right and allow for the merge rule X → X X of Clark and Curran ( 2007 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Politically-oriented text Sentiment analysis has specifically been proposed as a key enabling technology in eRulemaking , allowing the automatic analysis of the opinions that people submit ( Shulman et al. , 2005 ; Cardie et al. , 2006 ; Kwon et al. , 2006 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Moschitti et al. ( 2005 ) has made some preliminary attempt on the idea of hierarchical semantic Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Morris and Hirst ( 2004 ) pointed out that many relations between words in a text are non-classical ( i.e. other than typical taxonomic relations like synonymy or hypernymy ) and therefore not covered by semantic similarity . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Some of the intuitions we associate with this notion have been very well expressed by Turner ( 1987 , pp. 7-8 ) : ... Semantics is constrained by our models of ourselves and our worlds . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: In 2009 , the second WePS campaign showed similar trends regarding the use of NE features ( Artiles et al. , 2009 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: The head words can be automatically extracted using a heuristic table lookup in the manner described by Magerman ( 1994 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: Reiter describes a pipelined modular approach as a consensus architecture underlying most recent work in generation ( Reiter 1994 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: For example , the suite of LT tools ( Mikheev et al. , 1999 ; Grover et al. , 2000 ) perform tokenization , tagging and chunking on XML marked-up text directly . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Liu et al. ( 2005 ) , Meral et al. ( 2007 ) , Murphy ( 2001 ) , Murphy and Vogel ( 2007 ) and Topkara et al. ( 2006a ) all belong to the syntactic transformation category . Intent:

future

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: conclusion Text: Brockmann and Lapata ( 2003 ) have showed that WordNet-based approaches do not always outperform simple frequency-based models , and a number of techniques have been recently proposed which may offer ideas for refining our current unsupervised approach ( Erk , 2007 ; Bergsma et al. , 2008 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: The RenTAL system is implemented in LiLFeS ( Makino et al. , 1998 ) 2 . Intent:

future

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: In the future , we hope to evaluate the automatic annotations and extracted lexicon against Propbank ( Kingsbury and Palmer 2002 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Each set of translations is stored separately , and for each set the `` marker hypothesis '' ( Green 1979 ) is used to segment the phrasal lexicon into a `` marker lexicon . '' Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: method Text: One way to increase the precision of the mapping process is to impose some linguistic constraints on the sequences such as simple noun-phrase contraints ( Gaussier , 1995 ; Kupiec , 1993 ; hua Chen and Chen , 94 ; Fung , 1995 ; Evans and Zhai , 1996 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Although this study falls under the general topic of discourse modeling , our work differs from previous attempts to characterize text in terms of domainindependent rhetorical elements ( McKeown , 1985 ; Marcu and Echihabi , 2002 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: `` Coherence , '' as outlined above , can be understood as a declarative ( or static ) version of marker passing ( Hirst 1987 ; Charniak 1983 ) , with one difference : the activation spreads to theories that share a predicate , not through the IS-A hierarchy , and is limited to elementary facts about predicates appearing in the text . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Task properties Determining whether or not a speaker supports a proposal falls within the realm of sentiment analysis , an extremely active research area devoted to the computational treatment of subjective or opinion-oriented language ( early work includes Wiebe and Rapaport ( 1988 ) , Hearst ( 1992 ) , Sack ( 1994 ) , and Wiebe ( 1994 ) ; see Esuli ( 2006 ) for an active bibliography ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: First , it has been noted that in many natural language applications it is sufficient to use shallow parsing information ; information such as noun phrases ( NPs ) and other syntactic sequences have been found useful in many large-scale language processing applications including information extraction and text summarization ( Grishman , 1995 ; Appelt et al. , 1993 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: In addition , a fully flexible access system allows the retrieval of dictionary entries on the basis of constraints specifying any combination of phonetic , lexical , syntactic , and semantic information ( Boguraev et al. , 1987 ) . Intent:

motivation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: Clarkson and Robinson ( 1997 ) developed a way of incorporating standard n-grams into the cache model , using mixtures of language models and also exponentially decaying the weight for the cache prediction depending on the recency of the word 's last Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Riehemann 1993 ; Oliva 1994 ; Frank 1994 ; Opalka 1995 ; Sanfilippo 1995 ) . Intent:

continuation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: Machine learning methods should be interchangeable : Transformation-based learning ( TBL ) ( Brill , 1993 ) and Memory-based learning ( MBL ) ( Daelemans et al. , 2002 ) have been applied to many different problems , so a single interchangeable component should be used to represent each method . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Recently , several alternative , often quite sophisticated approaches to collective classification have been proposed ( Neville and Jensen , 2000 ; Lafferty et al. , 2001 ; Getoor et al. , 2002 ; Taskar et al. , 2002 ; Taskar et al. , 2003 ; Taskar et al. , 2004 ; McCallum and Wellner , 2004 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: We tested the classification of verbs into semantic types using a verb list of 139 pre-classified items drawn from the lists published in Rosenbaum ( 1967 ) and Stockwell et al. ( 1973 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: The combination of likelihood and prior modeling , HMMs , and Viterbi decoding is fundamentally the same as the standard probabilistic approaches to speech recognition ( Bahl , Jelinek , and Mercer 1983 ) and tagging ( Church 1988 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Cross-lingual Textual Entailment ( CLTE ) has been proposed by ( Mehdad et al. , 2010 ) as an extension of Textual Entailment ( Dagan and Glickman , 2004 ) that consists in deciding , given two texts T and H in different languages , if the meaning of H can be inferred from the meaning of T . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: The EDR has close ties to the named entity recognition ( NER ) and coreference resolution tasks , which have been the focus of several recent investigations ( Bikel et al. , 1997 ; Miller et al. , 1998 ; Borthwick , 1999 ; Mikheev et al. , 1999 ; Soon et al. , 2001 ; Ng and Cardie , 2002 ; Florian et al. , 2004 ) , and have been at the center of evaluations such as : MUC-6 , MUC-7 , and the CoNLL '02 and CoNLL '03 shared tasks . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: Other solutions such as complete caching of the corpora are not typically adopted due to legal concerns over copyright and redistribution of web data , issues considered at length by Fletcher ( 2004a ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: This includes work on generalized expectation ( Mann and McCallum , 2010 ) , posterior regularization ( Ganchev et al. , 2010 ) and constraint driven learning ( Chang et al. , 2007 ; Chang et al. , 2010 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: A very similar formulation , for another grammar transformation , is given in Nederhof ( 1998 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: We run GIZA + + ( Och and Ney , 2000 ) on the training corpus in both directions ( Koehn et al. , 2003 ) to obtain the word alignment for each sentence pair . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: Other attempts to address efficiency include the fast Transformation Based Learning ( TBL ) Toolkit ( Ngai and Florian , 2001 ) which dramatically speeds up training TBL systems , and the translation of TBL rules into finite state machines for very fast tagging ( Roche and Schabes , 1997 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: Consequently , fusion has been applied to a wide variety of pattern recognition and decision theoretic problems -- using a plethora of theories , techniques , and tools -- including some applications in computational linguistics ( e.g. , Brill and Wu 1998 ; van Halteren , Zavrel , and Daelemans 1998 ) and speech technology ( e.g. , Bowles and Damper 1989 ; Romary and Pierre11989 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: This observation has led some researchers , e.g. , Cooper and Paccia-Cooper ( 1980 ) , to claim a direct mapping between the syntactic phrase and the prosodic phrase . Intent:

continuation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: method Text: These features are carefully designed to reduce the data sparseness problem and some of them are inspired by previous work ( He et al. , 2008 ; Gimpel and Smith , 2008 ; Marton and Resnik , 2008 ; Chiang et al. , 2009 ; Setiawan et al. , 2009 ; Shen et al. , 2009 ; Xiong et al. , 2009 ) : 1 . Intent:

motivation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: In our previous work ( Zhang and Chai , 2009 ) , conversation entailment is formulated as the following : given a conversation segment D which is represented by a set of clauses D = d1 ∧ ... ∧ dm , and a hypothesis H represented by another set of clauses H = h1 ∧ ... ∧ hn , the prediction on whether D entails H is determined by the product of probabilities that each hypothesis clause hj is entailed from all the conversation segment clauses d1 ... dm as follows . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Notable early papers on graph-based semisupervised learning include Blum and Chawla ( 2001 ) , Bansal et al. ( 2002 ) , Kondor and Lafferty ( 2002 ) , and Joachims ( 2003 ) . Intent:

continuation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: In addition , we consider several types of lexical features ( LexF ) inspired by previous work on agreement and disagreement ( Galley et al. , 2004 ; Misra and Walker , 2013 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: Berger et al. ( 2000 ) compared two retrieval approaches ( TF.IDF and query expansion ) and two predictive approaches ( statistical translation and latent variable models ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Others provide automatic mappings of natural language instructions to executable actions , such as interpreting navigation directions ( Chen and Mooney , 2011 ) or robot commands ( Tellex et al. , 2011 ; Matuszek et al. , 2012 ) . Intent:

future

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: The dialogue state is represented by a cumulative answer analysis which tracks , over multiple turns , the correct , incorrect , and not-yet-mentioned parts 1Other factors such as student confidence could be considered as well ( Callaway et al. , 2007 ) . Intent:

continuation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: As noted above , it is well documented ( Roland and Jurafsky 1998 ) that subcategorization frames ( and their frequencies ) vary across domains . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: Chen and Vijay-Shanker ( 2000 ) explore a number of related approaches to the extraction of a lexicalized TAG from the Penn-II Treebank with the aim of constructing a statistical model for parsing . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: conclusion Text: At the same time , we believe our method has advantages over the approach developed initially at IBM ( Brown et al. 1990 ; Brown et al. 1993 ) for training translation systems automatically . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Building on the work of Ruch et al. ( 2003 ) in the same domain , we present a generative approach that attempts to directly model the discourse structure of MEDLINE abstracts using Hidden Markov Models ( HMMs ) ; cfXXX ( Barzilay and Lee , 2004 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: The basic Python reflection has already been implemented and used for large scale experiments with POS tagging , using pyMPI ( a message passing interface library for Python ) to coordinate experiments across a cluster of over 100 machines ( Curran and Clark , 2003 ; Clark et al. , 2003 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: As an alternative , we rely on PubMed to retrieve an initial set of hits that we then postprocess in greater detail -- this is the standard pipeline architecture commonly employed in other question-answering systems ( Voorhees and Tice 1999 ; Hirschman and Gaizauskas 2001 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: related work Text: The language grounding problem has received significant attention in recent years , owed in part to the wide availability of data sets ( e.g. Flickr , Von Ahn ( 2006 ) ) , computing power , improved computer vision models ( Oliva and Torralba , 2001 ; Lowe , 2004 ; Farhadi et al. , 2009 ; Parikh and Grauman , 2011 ) and neurological evidence of ties between the language , perceptual and motor systems in the brain ( Pulverm ¨ uller et al. , 2005 ; Tettamanti et al. , 2005 ; Aziz-Zadeh et al. , 2006 ) . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Although in this paper we take modus ponens as the main rule of inference , in general one can consider deductive closures with respect to weaker , nonstandard logics , ( cfXXX Levesque 1984 ; Frisch 1987 ; Patel-Schneider 1985 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: As Alshawi ( 1987 ) points out , given that no situations were envisaged where the information from the tape would be altered once installed in secondary storage , this simple and convenComputational Linguistics , Volume 13 , Numbers 3-4 , July-December 1987 205 Bran Boguraev and Ted Briscoe Large Lexicons for Natural Language Processing tional access strategy is perfectly adequate . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Other factors , such as the role of focus ( Grosz 1977 , 1978 ; Sidner 1983 ) or quantifier scoping ( Webber 1983 ) must play a role , too . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: This paper describes an approach for sharing resources in various grammar formalisms such as Feature-Based Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar ( FB-LTAG1 ) ( Vijay-Shanker , 1987 ; Vijay-Shanker and Joshi , 1988 ) and Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar ( HPSG ) ( Pollard and Sag , 1994 ) by a method of grammar conversion . Intent:

continuation

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: method Text: This is because the binary structure has been verified to be very effective for tree-based translation ( Wang et al. , 2007 ; Zhang et al. , 2011a ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: None Text: There is a general consensus among theoretical linguists that the proper representation of verbal argument structure is event structure -- representations grounded in a theory of events that decompose semantic roles in terms of primitive predicates representing concepts such as causality and inchoativity ( Dowty , 1979 ; Jackendoff , 1983 ; Pustejovsky , 1991b ; Rappaport Hovav and Levin , 1998 ) . Intent:

uses

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: measure the standard intrinsic parser metrics unlabeled attachment score ( UAS ) and labeled attachment score ( LAS ) ( Buchholz and Marsi , 2006 ) . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: The EDR has close ties to the named entity recognition ( NER ) and coreference resolution tasks , which have been the focus of several recent investigations ( Bikel et al. , 1997 ; Miller et al. , 1998 ; Borthwick , 1999 ; Mikheev et al. , 1999 ; Soon et al. , 2001 ; Ng and Cardie , 2002 ; Florian et al. , 2004 ) , and have been at the center of evaluations such as : MUC-6 , MUC-7 , and the CoNLL '02 and CoNLL '03 shared tasks . Intent:

compares

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: introduction Text: Accordingly , we convert examples such as ( 27 ) into their generalized equivalents , as in ( 28 ) : ( 28 ) <DET> good man : bon homme That is , where Block ( 2000 ) substitutes variables for various words in his templates , we replace certain lexical items with their marker tag . Intent:

background

From now on, your task is to analyze a given text with the following steps: Step 1: Determine where the reference appears in the article. Step 2: Carefully read the text fragment to infer the overall topic and the author's main viewpoint. Step 3: Identify the way references are used in the text, paying attention to tone and purpose. Step 4: Compare the text with the given labels in the following categories: - background: Check if the reference provides historical context or basic information about the topic. - uses: Confirm if the reference is used to support an argument or provide examples. - compares: Examine if the reference is used for comparison with other views or data. - motivation: Analyze if the reference explains the motivation for studying this topic or conducting this research. - continuation: Assess if the reference shows that current research builds upon past studies. - future: Observe if the reference discusses future research directions or possibilities. Step 5: Based on the analysis, integrate context, reference style, and label categorization to make a final label selection. Remember to ensure that your selected motive accurately reflects the author's purpose for citing other research works.Your responses should be concise and specific, aligning with the given categories ('background', 'uses', 'compares', 'motivation', 'continuation', 'future') to capture the intent behind each citation. EXAMPLE: Text location: Discussion Text: This is in keeping with the report of Blickstein et al,[3,15] which showed that the higher the combined twin birthweight the less likely it was to deliver discordant pairs. Intent: result Text location: METHODOLOGY Text: We used an active contour algorithm [10] to segment the organs from 340 coronal slices over the two patients. Intent: method Text location: Introduction Text: The drug also reduces catecholamine secretion, thereby reducing stress and leading to a modest (10-20%) reduction in heart rate and blood pressure, which may be particularly beneficial in patients with cardiovascular disease.(7) Unlike midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not affect the ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. Intent: background Text location: experiments Text: How it is done is beyond the scope of this paper but is explained in detail in Fink ( 1983 ) . Intent: