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What are the advantages of the top down mass spectrometric analysis of histones?

Top down mass spectrometry is a way to analyze intact proteins thus enabling: isoform characteriztion and analysis of post-translational modifications.

Is SOX10 expressed in melanoma cells?

Yes, The most commonly used melanocytic markers include S100, Melan-A, HMB45 and SOX10

How many selenoproteins are encoded in the human genome?

25. 15kDa, DI1, DI2, DI3, GPx1, GPx2, GPx3, GPx4, GPx6, SelH, SelI, SelK, SelM, SelN, SelO, SelP, SelR, SelS, SPS2, SelT, TR1, TR2, TR3, SelV and SelW.

Which pharmacogenetic test is recommended prior to administering carbamazepine and why?

HLA-B∗15:02 is known as a biomarker for carbamazepine (CBZ) induced Steven-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN) in some Asian populations. Hence United States Federal Drug Administration (USFDA) recommends HLA-B∗15:02 screening for Asian and other populations with a high prevalence of HLA-B∗15:02, prior to the administration of carbamazepine.

List psychiatric diseases that are associated with Synaptosome Associated Protein 25 (snap25).

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder bipolar schizophrenia

Describe the GenomeAsia 100K Project

The GenomeAsia 100K Project (GenomeAsia100K Project) aims to identify and catalogue genetic variation, population structure, disease associations and founder effects in populations across Asia and worldwide. It includes a whole-genome sequencing reference dataset from 1,739 individuals of 219 population groups and 64 countries across Asia, as well as a population-wide association dataset.

What is host induced gene silencing?

Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) is a transgenic technology used to silence fungal genes in planta during attempted infection and thereby reduces disease levels. HIGS relies on the host plant's ability to produce mobile small interfering RNA molecules, generated from long double-stranded RNA, which are complementary to targeted fungal genes. These molecules are transferred from the plant to invading fungi via an uncharacterised mechanism, to cause gene silencing.

What is the scope of the OMIA database?

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) is a comprehensive, annotated catalogue of inherited disorders and other familial traits in animals. OMIA is a comprehensive resource of phenotypic information on heritable animal traits and genes in a strongly comparative context, relating traits to genes where possible.

Which databases can exchange data using Matchmaker Exchange's API?

Matchmaker Exchange (MME) was created to establish a federated network connecting databases of genomic and phenotypic data using a common application programming interface (API). To date, seven databases can exchange data using the API: GeneMatcher, PhenomeCentral, DECIPHER, MyGene2, matchbox, Australian Genomics Health Alliance Patient Archive, and Monarch Initiative; the latter included for model organism matching.

Can CMB305 be used against sarcomas?

Yes, the CMB205 vaccine is aimed at synovial sarcoma and myxoid/round cell liposarcoma patients.

Does mTOR regulate the translation of MAPKAPK2?

Yes. mTOR regulates the translation of the MK2 (also known as MAPKAPK2) kinase through 4EBP1. In turn, MAPKAPK2 phosphorylates the RNA-binding protein ZFP36L1 during senescence, inhibiting its ability to degrade the transcripts of numerous senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) components. Consequently, mTOR inhibition or constitutive activation of ZFP36L1 impairs the non-cell-autonomous effects of senescent cells in both tumour-suppressive and tumour-promoting contexts.

What was the purpose of the FANTOM4 project?

The international Functional Annotation Of the Mammalian Genomes 4 (FANTOM4) research collaboration set out to better understand the transcriptional network that regulates macrophage differentiation and to uncover novel components of the transcriptome employing a series of high-throughput experiments.

Describe crowned dens syndrome.

Crowned dens syndrome is a rare form of "crown-like" calcifications around the dens and often presents with recurrent neck pain, stiffness of neck, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and episodes of fever.

In which diseases have electronic patient diaries been applied ?

Parkinson's disease COPD Food hypersensitivity Niacin induced flushing Hemophilia Heartburn Headache

Is the Philadelphia chromosome a fusion between parts of chromosomes 1 and 9?

No, Chronic myeloid leukemia is a stem cell disease with the presence of Philadelphia chromosome generated through reciprocal translocation of chromosome 9 and 22.

What 3 disorders are commonly associated with Kaufman-McKusick syndrome?

McKusick-Kaufman syndrome (MKKS) is a rare, recessively inherited syndrome reported mainly in young children. It is characterised by vaginal atresia with hydrometrocolpos, postaxial polydactyly, and congenital heart defect.

Is the regulation of Vsr endonuclease independent of the growth phase of bacteria?

The regulation of Vsr endonuclease levels is growth phase dependent.

Which deep learning framework has been developed for cancer molecular subtype classification?

Molecular subtyping of cancer is a critical step towards more individualized therapy and provides important biological insights into cancer heterogeneity. Although gene expression signature-based classification has been widely demonstrated to be an effective approach in the last decade, the widespread implementation has long been limited by platform differences, batch effects, and the difficulty to classify individual patient samples. DeepCC is a novel deep learning-based framework for cancer molecular subtype classification. It is platform independent, robust to missing data, and can be used for single sample prediction facilitating clinical implementation of cancer molecular subtyping.

Which R/Bioconductor package has been developed for network-based differential expression analysis?

INDEED is an R/Bioconductor package for network based differential expression analysis. INDEED allows users to construct a sparse network based on partial correlation, and to identify biomolecules that have significant changes both at individual expression and pairwise interaction levels.

What is calciphylaxis

Calcific uraemic arteriolopathy also known as calciphylaxis is an unusual and potentially fatal condition characterised by small-vessel calcification and ischaemic skin necrosis.

Entresto is composed of which two drugs?

Entresto is composed of sacubitril and valsartan. It is newly FDA-approved medication that dually inhibits angiotensin and neprilysin, in the treatment of heart failure.

Which are the types of viral meningitis?

Aseptic meningitis is the most common type of meningitis and is characterized by meningeal inflammation that is not linked to identifiable bacterial pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It can be originated from infection from: 1) Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) 2) Herpes simplex types I and II (HSV-1, HSV-2) 3) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) 4) Cytomegalovirus (CMV) 5) Enteroviruses (EV) 6) Parechoviruses (HPeV) 7) Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) 8) Echovirus types 6, 9, 11 9) West Nile Virus (WNV)

List the releases of tmVar

TmVar is a text mining approach for extracting sequence variants in biomedical literature. TmVar 2.0 integrates genomic variant information from literature with dbSNP and ClinVar for precision medicine.

Which tool has been developed for annotation of Gα, Gβ and Gγ subunits of G-proteins?

GprotPRED is an online tool that uses profile Hidden Markov Models (pHMMs) and application to proteomes. The sensitivity and specificity for all pHMMs were equal to 100% with the exception of the Gβ case, where sensitivity equals to 100%, while specificity is 99.993%.

Is there a package in R/bioconductor for classification of alternative splicing?

Yes. SpliceR is an R package for classification of alternative splicing and prediction of coding potential from RNA-seq data.

Are there ways of joint Bayesian inference of risk variants?

Yes. RiVIERA (Risk Variant Inference using Epigenomic Reference Annotations) is a Bayesian model for inference of driver variants from summary statistics across multiple traits using hundreds of epigenomic annotations.

What is a SERM?

A SERM is a Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator.

Is fusobacterium associated with Lemierre's syndrome?

Lemierre's syndrome is a rare condition that results from oropharyngeal infection with the gram-negative, anaerobic Fusobacterium necrophorum.

What is the inheritance pattern of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) caused by RYR2 mutations?

Autosomal dominant catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) was mapped to chromosome 1q42-43 with identification of pathogenic mutations in RYR2.

Is Achondroplasia associated with hearing loss?

Yes, there is hearing deficit in achondroplasia

List side effects of SGLT2 inhibitors?

SGLT2 inhibitors can be associated with urogenital infections related to the enhanced glycosuria, and low blood pressure.

Has ProSavin undergone phase IV clinical trials by 2018?

No, ProSavin has undergone a dose escalation, open-label, phase 1/2 trial.

Which factors are included in the the APPEND score?

APPEND score components are anorexia, migratory Pain, local Peritonism, Elevated C-reactive protein, Neutrophilia and male gender (Dude). It is an acute appendicitis clinical prediction rule.

Is alemtuzumab effective for remission induction in patients diagnosed with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia?

Yes, alemtuzumab (anti-CD52, Campath-1H) is effective for remission induction in patients diagnosed with T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia. Alemtuzumab can be administered in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents or as mono-therapy. Response rate to alemtuzumab is more than 90%. Alemtuzumab therapy is associated with improved survival of T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia patients.

What is the Orco protein in mosquitos?

Odorant co-receptor.

What is the mechanism of action of cariprazine?

Cariprazine is a dopamine D3/D2 partial agonist atypical antipsychotic with preferential binding to D3 receptors. Cariprazine shows also has affinity for 5-HT2B, and 5-HT1A receptors. It also shows moderate affinity toward σ1, 5-HT2A, and histamine H1 receptors. It is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder

Where is the yeast transpozable element Ty3 preferentially inserted?

Ty3 is preferentially inserted in genes encoding transfer RNA genes.

Which gene mutations are responsible for isolated Non-compaction cardiomyopathy?

The gene mutations that have been shown to be the causes of isolated non-compaction cardiomyopathy are alpha-tropomyosin, alpha-tropomyosin, troponin T and desmoplakin

Does sphingosine-1 phosphoate suppress epiregulin?

Sphingosine-1 phosphate induces epiregulin (EREG) gene expression.

Which kinases does baricitinib inhibit?

Baricitinib is an inhibitor of Janus kinase family of enzymes (JAKs) with selectivity for JAK1 and JAK2.

Does protein ALEX1 contain armadillo repeats?

Yes, ALEX1 (Arm protein lost in epithelial cancers, on chromosome X), contains two armadillo repeats domains.

Does Rhamnose have any effect on aging?

Yes, Rhamnose does have an effect on aging.

Which disease is treated with taliglucerase alfa?

Taliglucerase alfa, the first available plant cell-expressed recombinant therapeutic protein, is an enzyme replacement therapy approved for Gaucher disease.

How does thyroid hormone affect insulin resistance in the heart?

T3 potentiates insulin signaling and improves insulin sensitivity. In addition, T3 lowers blood glucose in a model of type 2 diabetes. TRalpha P398H mutation is associated with insulin resistance. Circulating T(1)AM is produced from thyroid hormones and is found to be increased in diabetic patients.

Name five programs for transcript quantification from RNASeq experiments

Popular programs for transcript quantification from RNASeq experiments include: Cufflinks, RSEM, Flux Capacitor, Mitie, Miso, Tigar, Montebello, Drut, Traph, Pome, IsoformEx, Neuma,

Where do the Schwann cells and melanocytes originate from?

Schwann cells and melanocytes originate from the multipotent population of neural crest cells.

List viral vectors used in gene therapy.

adeno-associated viruses lentiviruses herpes simplex viral vector

What is the role of the Tsix gene during X chromosome inactivation?

One of the two X chromosomes in female mammalian cells is subject to inactivation (XCI) initiated by the Xist gene. Xist works as a functional RNA molecule that recruits repressive chromatin factors towards one of the female Xs for inactivation. The Tsix gene, antisense of Xist, through transcription negatively regulates Xist and protects one X-chromosome in cis from inactivation by Xist. Although, the precise molecular mechanism is still unclear it has been shown that Tsix transcription regulates the chromatin structure by altering histone tail modifications and DNA methylation at the Xist promoter. In addition, Xist and Tsix RNAs form duplexes in vivo and are processed to small RNAs, which have a potential regulatory function.

Bimekizumab is used for treatment of which disease?

Bimekizumab is used for psoriasis.

Cytochrome p450 CYP3A is induced by rifampicin and compounds used to treat what virus?

Etravirine is an effective and well-tolerated recently approved non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) for HIV type-1-infected patients with previous antiretroviral treatment experience. Etravirine is a weak inducer of cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A

List the different subtypes of thyroid cancer.

The different histologic subtypes of thyroid cancer include papillary, follicular, anaplastic, medullary, and Hürthle cell carcinomas.

What is the genetic cause of Roberts syndrome?

Roberts syndrome (RBS) is a human developmental disorder caused by mutations in the cohesin acetyltransferase ESCO2.

Is Olaparib effective for prostate cancer?

Yes, olaparib was shown to be effective for treatment of prostate cancer. Olaparib led to stable disease or tumor regressions of prostate cancer patients.

Define marine metaproteomics

Marine metaproteomics is the study of the activities of whole marine microbial communities. The proteomic analyses are applied directly without the need for prior microbial culturing. The samples can be sediments,seawater, etc.

Is recursive splicing more common in short introns?

Recent work in human and fruitfly tissues revealed that long introns are extensively processed cotranscriptionally and in a stepwise manner, before their two flanking exons are spliced together Recursive splicing is a process in which large introns are removed in multiple steps by re-splicing at ratchet points--5' splice sites recreated after splicing.

Which two drugs were compared in the ARISTOTLE Trial?

Apixaban for Reduction In Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) trial compared apixaban and warfarin.

What is the function of Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1?

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is an important physiological inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and plays a critical role in fibrinolysis.

What is the mode of action of the drug Prolia?

Prolia, also known as denosumab is an anti-RANKL agent for the treatment of osteoporosis. It works by preventing the development of osteoclasts which are cells that break down bone.

Which are the roles of chromatin compartments in the eukaryotic nucleus?

The complexity in composition and function of the eukaryotic nucleus is achieved through its organization in specialized nuclear compartments. Chromosome conformation capture approaches have shown that interphase chromatin is partitioned into spatially segregated Mb-sized compartments and sub-Mb-sized topological domains. This compartmentalization is thought to facilitate the matching of genes and regulatory elements. Cohesin-based chromatin interactions enable regulated gene expression within preexisting architectural compartments. Therefore, concentrating proteins needed to perform different steps of RNA synthesis within specialized nuclear compartments is important in orchestrating events required for efficient gene expression.

What is Congo red agar plates used for?

Congo red agar plates are used as a canonical indicator of biofilm-formation ability. Culture on Congo red agar plates in which slime-producing strains form black colonies, while nonslime-forming ones develop red colonies.

What is the genetic basis of Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome?

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder (prevalence 1:125,000) characterised by broad thumbs and halluces, facial dysmorphism, psychomotor development delay, skeletal defects, abnormalities in the posterior fossa and short stature. The known genetic causes are a microdeletion at 16p13.3 or mutations or deletions of the cAMP-response element binding protein-BP (CREBBP) (50-60% of the cases) and of the homologous gene E1A-binding protein (EP300) at 22q13 (5%). Direct sequencing of CREBBP performed in 13 RSTS patients identified the three zinc fingers (CH1, CH2, CH3) and HAT domain as mutational hotspots. Thus about 55% of patients have cytogenetic or molecular abnormalities in the Crebbp or E1A binding protein p300 (Ep300) gene, leaving the diagnosis in 45% of patients to rest on clinical features only.

Which clotting factor is inhibited by betrixaban?

Betrixaban is an orally administered direct clotting factor Xa inhibitor.

Can adult humans be induced to produce fetal hemoglobin?

Fetal hemoglobin, or foetal haemoglobin, is the main oxygen transport protein in the human fetus during the last seven months of development in the uterus and in the newborn until roughly 6 months old. Functionally, fetal hemoglobin differs most from adult hemoglobin in that it is able to bind oxygen with greater affinity than the adult form, giving the developing fetus better access to oxygen from the mother's bloodstream. Unusually high levels of fetal haemoglobin production can ameliorate sickle cell disease and β thalassaemia. Although efforts directed at the pharmacological stimulation of fetal haemoglobin as an approach to managing these conditions have met with limited success, there is wide variation in individual responses. Based on results, adults humans could be induced to produce fetal hemoglobin.

What is the cause of episodic ataxia type 6?

Episodic ataxia type 6, is caused by mutations in the gene encoding a glial glutamate transporter, the excitatory amino acid transporter-1. Reduced glutamate uptake by mutant excitatory amino acid transporter-1 (EAAT1) has been thought to be the main pathophysiological process in episodic ataxia type 6.

Through which molecular pathway does LB-100 reduce hepatic steatosis?

PP2A inhibition by LB100 significantly ameliorates hepatic steatosis by regulating hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation via the AMPK/Sirt1 pathway.

What is the current regulation of eye lens radiation exposure?

The reduction of the dose limit for eye lens from 150 to 20 mSv yr-1 must be implemented by EU member states by February 2018. Consequently, there is a requirement for all employers engaged with work with ionising radiation to have appropriate monitoring arrangements in place by this date to demonstrate that they can meet this new limit for all workers. Eye lens dose is conventionally monitored by specific dosemeters worn near the eye. The yearly ocular lens dose, particularly for interventionists dealing with complex interventions, could cross the permitted yearly limit set by the new Euratom directive. Therefore, X-ray safety glasses would become mandatory for complex radiological vascular interventions.

What is the most common pediatric glioma?

Pilocytic astrocytoma is the most common pediatric glioma.

What is the approximate size of gas vesicles?

The diameter of gas vesicles is approximately 100nm.

Is SATB1 expressed in thymocytes?

A thymocyte factor SATB1 suppresses transcription of stably integrated matrix-attachment region-linked reporter genes. SATB1 is a homeodomain protein and is predominantly expressed in thymocytes. In this study we show that special AT-rich binding protein 1 (SATB1), a T lineage-enriched chromatin organizer and regulator, is induced in response to TCR signaling during early thymocyte development

Which value of nuchal translucency thickness is set as the threshold for high-risk for Down Syndrome?

NT is physiological for a measurement < 3 mm but the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities (essentially trisomies 21, 18 and 13) increases when NT > or = 3 mm. As women aged, this upper NT threshold value changed according to gestational age. In women aged 35 to 37 years, combined prenatal screening was always positive when NT exceeded 2.8 mm, 3.0 mm, and 3.4 mm at 11, 12, and 13 weeks of gestation, respectively.

How long, in kb (kilobases), is a "Long interspersed nuclear element"?

The retrotransposon known as long interspersed nuclear element-1 (L1) is 6-7 kb long,

Which are the human glutamate transporters?

Glutamate/aspartate transporter (GLAST) and glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) are the most abundant subtypes and are essential for the functioning of the mammalian CNS, but the contribution of the EAAC1 subtype in the clearance of synaptic glutamate has remained controversial, because the density of this transporter in different tissues has not been determined. Using immunofluorescence and postembedding immunogold labeling, we investigated the distributions of the glutamate-aspartate transporter (GLAST or excitatory amino acid transporter 1), vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT1), and the AMPA receptor glutamate receptor 4 (GluR4) along the spiral.

Which are the types of cancer that c-Myc is associated with?

The types of cancer that c-Myc is associates with are breast cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Are histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors good candidates to control metastasis of solid tumors?

Yes, some HDAC inhibitors, such as Vorinostat, are on trial for human treatment after proving successful in animal models. Combination with other drugs is likely to be needed to control metastasis.

Is tofacitinib a JAK inhibitor?

Yes, tofacitinib is a small JAK inhibitor.

What cellular process is the gene product of NANOG involved in?

NANOG is a transcription factor and a biomarker of cancer and pluripotent stem cells.

What constitutes an increased risk for individuals with Fanconi anemia?

Fanconi anemia is a rare genetic disorder associated with an increased risk of leukemias and solid tumors.

Which two catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors can be used for treatment of Parkinson disease?

Tolcapone (central and peripheral) and entacapone (peripheral) are catechol-O-methyl transferase inhibitors that are used for treatment of Parkinson disease.

What bacteria is associated with Gastric cancer and peptic ulcers?

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a gram-negative microaerophilic bacterial pathogen that colonizes the stomachs of more than half of all humans, is linked to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric cancer.

What was the aim of the HAMLET clinical trial?

The aim of the HAMLET (Hemicraniectomy After Middle Cerebral Artery Infarction With Life-Threatening Edema Trial) clinical trial was to compare the efficacy of decompressive surgery to improve functional outcome with that of conservative treatment in patients with space-occupying supratentorial infarction.

Is there any data to suggest that TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) administration can improve symptom severity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients?

Yes, there are studies demonstrating that TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone) administration can improve symptom severity of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. However, some studies have failed to demonstrate symptom improvement following TRH administration.

Does metformin has as an antitumor effect?

Yes, The anti-tumor effect of metformin is widely known.

Which receptors are targeted by suvorexant?

Suvorexant is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable antagonist of orexin 1 receptor and orexin 2 receptor currently under clinical investigation as a novel therapy for insomnia.

Which are the main transcriptional activators of circadian oscillations?

Mammalian CLOCK and BMAL1 are two members of bHLH-PAS-containing family of transcription factors that represent the positive elements of circadian autoregulatory feedback loop.

Are there any DNMT3 proteins present in plants?

Yes. The plant DOMAINS REARRANGED METHYLTRANSFERASE2 (DRM2) is a homolog of the mammalian de novo methyltransferase DNMT3. DRM2 contains a novel arrangement of the motifs required for DNA methyltransferase catalytic activity.

What is the influence of patent expiry on ACE inhibitor prescribing.

Patent expiry has different effects on prescribing in different systems. It leads to decreased cost but no decreased refill compliance in countries like Sweden, Germany etc. In countries like Taiwan, where doctors profit directly from dispensing, patients are switched to ARBs which are more costly.

Can life style changes reduce oxidative stress

Our results suggested that life style changes which related to migration might reduce DNA damage in Hasake nationalities.

Is ibudilast effective for multiple sclerosis?

Yes, Ibudilast was shown to be effective for progressive multiple sclerosis. In a phase 2 trial involving patients with progressive multiple sclerosis, ibudilast was associated with slower progression of brain atrophy than placebo but was associated with higher rates of gastrointestinal side effects, headache, and depression.

Do Afamin bind Vitamin E?

Yes, Afamin is a plasma vitamin E-binding glycoprotein.

Which tool is available for predicting regulatory interactions from ChIP-seq data?

CisMapper predicts the regulatory targets of a TF using the correlation between a histone mark at the TF's bound sites and the expression of each gene across a panel of tissues. CisMapper is more accurate at predicting the target genes of a TF than the distance-based approaches currently used, and is particularly advantageous for predicting the long-range regulatory interactions typical of tissue-specific gene expression. CisMapper also predicts which TF binding sites regulate a given gene more accurately than using genomic distance. Unlike distance-based methods, CisMapper can predict which transcription start site of a gene is regulated by a particular binding site of the TF.

What does mTOR stands for?

mTOR stands for: mammalian target of rapamycin.

Can we detect DNA strand asymmetries using dinucleotide relative abundance "genomic signatures"?

The set of dinucleotide relative abundances can be regarded as a genomic signature because, despite diversity between species, it varies little between 50 kilobase or longer windows on a given genome. Thus, dinucleotide relative abundance profiles are species-type specific. These profiles are computed from the base step "odds ratios" that compare dinucleotide frequencies to those expected under the assumption of stochastic equilibrium (thorough shuffling). Dinucleotide relative abundance "genomic signatures" are strand-independent second-order DNA features. Thus, they cannot be used to detect DNA strand asymmetries.

What is known about the effectiveness of electronic food diaries ?

Electronic dietary records were better than food diaries in terms of fat percentage reduction in our trials, indicating that teledietetics increases healthy-eating awareness.

What is the functionality of the Triplex R/bioconductor package?

Triplex is an R/Bioconductor package for identification and visualization of potential intramolecular triplex patterns in DNA sequences. The package provides functions that can be used to search Bioconductor genomes and other DNA sequence data for occurrence of nucleotide patterns capable of forming intramolecular triplexes (H-DNA). Functions producing 2D and 3D diagrams of the identified triplexes allow instant visualization of the search results. Leveraging the power of Biostrings and GRanges classes, the results get fully integrated into the existing Bioconductor framework, allowing their passage to other Genome visualization and annotation packages, such as GenomeGraphs, rtracklayer or Gviz.

What is the mechanism of action of Emicizumab?

Emicizumab (Hemlibra®) is a bispecific humanized monoclonal antibody that restores the function of missing activated FVIII by bridging activated FIX and FX to facilitate effective haemostasis in patients with haemophilia A.

Is the monoclonal antibody Trastuzumab (Herceptin) of potential use in the treatment of prostate cancer?

Although is still controversial, Trastuzumab (Herceptin) can be of potential use in the treatment of prostate cancer overexpressing HER2, either alone or in combination with other drugs.

Which deiodinases are best known to be present in brain?

All the 3 deiodinases (Type 1, Type 2 and Type 3 deiodinase) are present in the "brain" but Type 1 deiodinase is only found in neurohypophysis that cannot be actually considered true "brain tissue".

What is the function of GFRAL?

GFRAL (orphan receptor of the glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) receptor α family) is a high-affinity receptor for GDF15. GFRAL expression is limited to hindbrain neurons and not present in peripheral tissues, which suggests that GDF15-GFRAL-mediated regulation of food intake is by a central mechanism.

Is covid-19 induced anosmia caused by disruption of nuclear architecture?

Yes. Disruption of nuclear architecture is a cause of COVID-19 induced anosmia.

Describe the role of bevacizumab in radiosurgery for arteriovenous malformation.

Bevacizumab is used for the treatment of severe, refractory perilesional edema due to an arteriovenous malformation treated with stereotactic radiosurgery.